Journal articles: 'Muscid flies'

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Lyubvina, Irina Vladimirovna. "On the fauna of house flies (Diptera, Muscidae) of Samara Region." Samara Journal of Science 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20161108.

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For the first time the resulting data of flies investigation (Diptera, Muscidae) in Samara Oblast territory are given. Up to the present time the revealed fauna of the houseflies is differed by the high taxonomic diversity and includes 75 species belonging to 26 genera. Among them 11 are the most frequent species Coenosia mollicula Fll., Coenosia testacea R.-D., Helina ciliatocosta Ztt., Helina moedlingensis Schnabl, Hydrotaea ignava Harris, Musca domestica L., Muscina levida Harris, Mydaea setifemur Ringdahl, Neomyia cornicina F., Pyrellia vivida R.-D. and Thricops semicinereus Wied. consisted of 15% of the all species regional muscid diversity. Main body of revealed muscid fauna in the region are represented by widely distributed and palaearctic species (by 45% in each group of distribution). Faunistic complex of muscid is characterized by richness of biotope clustering, habitat versatility of mostly species, and the most intensive flying period of the main species imagoes is noted in the summer period. It is supposed that compound of family in the generic level is revealed approximately of 79% and it is additionally expected 7 genera. Specific compound of the family is revealed approximately of 64% and it is additionally expected about 43 species of muscid in Samara Oblast fauna

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Tiusanen, Mikko, Paul D. N. Hebert, Niels Martin Schmidt, and Tomas Roslin. "One fly to rule them all—muscid flies are the key pollinators in the Arctic." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1839 (September 28, 2016): 20161271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1271.

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Global change is causing drastic changes in the pollinator communities of the Arctic. While arctic flowers are visited by a wide range of insects, flies in family Muscidae have been proposed as a pollinator group of particular importance. To understand the functional outcome of current changes in pollinator community composition, we examined the role of muscids in the pollination of a key plant species, the mountain avens ( Dryas ). We monitored the seed set of Dryas across 15 sites at Zackenberg, northeast Greenland, and used sticky flower mimics and DNA barcoding to describe the flower-visiting community at each site. To evaluate the consequences of shifts in pollinator phenology under climate change, we compared the flower visitors between the early and the late season. Our approach revealed a diverse community of insects visiting Dryas , including two-thirds of all insect species known from the area. Even against this diverse background, the abundance of muscid flies emerged as a key predictor for seed set in Dryas , whereas overall insect abundance and species richness had little or no effect. With muscid flies as the main drivers of the pollinating function in the High Arctic, a recently observed decline in their abundances offers cause for concern.

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SHINONAGA, Satoshi. "Muscid flies of Viet Nam (Diptera, Muscidae)(2)." Medical Entomology and Zoology 50, no. 2 (1999): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.50.184_1.

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Meisel, Richard P., Pia U. Olafson, Kiran Adhikari, Felix D. Guerrero, Kranti Konganti, and Joshua B. Benoit. "Sex Chromosome Evolution in Muscid Flies." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 1341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.119.400923.

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Sex chromosomes and sex determining genes can evolve fast, with the sex-linked chromosomes often differing between closely related species. Population genetics theory has been developed and tested to explain the rapid evolution of sex chromosomes and sex determination. However, we do not know why the sex chromosomes are divergent in some taxa and conserved in others. Addressing this question requires comparing closely related taxa with conserved and divergent sex chromosomes to identify biological features that could explain these differences. Cytological karyotypes suggest that muscid flies (e.g., house fly) and blow flies are such a taxonomic pair. The sex chromosomes appear to differ across muscid species, whereas they are conserved across blow flies. Despite the cytological evidence, we do not know the extent to which muscid sex chromosomes are independently derived along different evolutionary lineages. To address that question, we used genomic and transcriptomic sequence data to identify young sex chromosomes in two closely related muscid species, horn fly (Haematobia irritans) and stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans). We provide evidence that the nascent sex chromosomes of horn fly and stable fly were derived independently from each other and from the young sex chromosomes of the closely related house fly (Musca domestica). We present three different scenarios that could have given rise to the sex chromosomes of horn fly and stable fly, and we describe how the scenarios could be distinguished. Distinguishing between these scenarios in future work could identify features of muscid genomes that promote sex chromosome divergence.

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5

Shinobaga, Satoshi. "A09 Muscid flies of Viet Nam." Medical Entomology and Zoology 49, Supplement (1998): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.49.42_1.

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SHINONAGA, Satoshi. "Record of the muscid flies collected in Indonesia : Diptera, Muscidae." Medical Entomology and Zoology 53, Supplement2 (2002): 181–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.53.181.

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Schnell e Schuehli, Guilherme, Claudio José Barros de Carvalho, and Brian M. Wiegmann. "Molecular phylogenetics of the Muscidae (Diptera:Calyptratae): new ideas in a congruence context." Invertebrate Systematics 21, no. 3 (2007): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is06026.

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Hypotheses about the evolution of Muscidae have long been the subject of continuous re-evaluation and reinterpretation. Current understandings of the relationships among these flies are based mainly on a single set of characters and are therefore questionable. Our understanding of muscid phylogeny thus needs greater support and further corroboration from additional suites of characters. In the current study, we analysed phylogenetic relationships among 24 species of muscid flies (18 genera and six subfamilies) using 2989 characters derived from sequences of mitochondrial (COI and COII) and nuclear genes (CAD and EF-1α). Data from each gene partition were analysed both in combined and separate phylogenetic analyses using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference. Support was found for the monophyly of the Muscidae in all analyses and for a sister-group relationship between Coenosiini and Phaoniinae. The latter group was placed in a clade with sampled species of Reinwardtiini and Cyrtoneurininae. The genera Ophyra and Hydrotaea were placed in the Muscinae and a sister-group relationship for Musca and Stomoxys was supported. Sampled species of Polietina form a monophyletic lineage, while Morellia was found to be paraphyletic. Combined analysis of gene partitions improved support and resolution for resulting topologies despite significant incongruence between data partitions found through application of the Incongruence Length Difference test.

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Limsopatham, Kwankamol, Tunwadee Klong-klaew, Nuttanon Fufuang, Sangob Sanit, Kabkaew L. Sukontason, Kom Sukontason, Pradya Somboon, and Narin Sontigun. "Wing morphometrics of medically and forensically important muscid flies (Diptera: Muscidae)." Acta Tropica 222 (October 2021): 106062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106062.

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9

Gunn, Alan. "The colonisation of remains by the muscid flies Muscina stabulans (Fallén) and Muscina prolapsa (Harris) (Diptera: Muscidae)." Forensic Science International 266 (September 2016): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.06.013.

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10

Pont, A. C., and F. R. Magpayo. "Muscid shoot-flies of the Philippine Islands (Diptera: Muscidae, genus Atherigona Rondani)." Bulletin of entomological research supplement series 3 (June 1995): 1–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1367426900000321.

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AbstractThe Philippine species of Atherigona are revised for the first time. Summaries of previous taxonomic and biological work are presented, and keys for the identification of the species are given. Notes or descriptions are provided for each species, together with illustrations of the male and female terminalia and of other diagnostic features. A full bibliography for the Philippines completes the paper. Forty-four species have been identified and named, of which thirty-five are newly recorded from the Philippines, and a further twenty-nine species have been diagnosed but not described. Eleven new species are described: Atherigona (Acritochaeta) cristata, A. (A), dahlia, A. (A.) lamellifera, A. (A.) philema, A. (A) strigula, A. (A.) tenuipes; Atherigona (Atherigona) ambulans, A. (A.) libra, A. (A.) osculata, A. (A.) pica and A. (A.) savia. Seven new synonyms are established, based on type-examinations: A. nigripes Stein, 1900 (synn. n.: longiseta Malloch, 1924; pilimana Hennig, 1952; ferrari Pont, 1986); A. unguicauda Malloch, 1928 (syn. n.: hirtitarsis Pont, 1986); A. orbicularis Fan & Liu, 1982 (syn. n.: occulta Pont, 1986); A. maculigera Stein, 1910 (syn. n.: crassiseta Stein, 1915); A. seticauda Malloch, 1926 (syn. n.: dorsovittata Malloch, 1928).

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11

Ledbetter, Trevor, Sarah Richman, Rebecca Irwin, and Judith Bronstein. "What are the Plant Reproductive Consequences of Losing a Floral Larcenist?" Journal of Pollination Ecology 31 (August 3, 2022): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.26786/1920-7603(2022)663.

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Pollinator declines worldwide are detrimental for plants. Given the negative effects that antagonisitc visitors, including nectar robbers, can sometimes inflict, might declines in their populations instead confer benefits? During the 1970s, reproductive biology of the Colorado columbine, Aquilegia caerulea (Ranunculaceae), was documented near Gothic, Colorado. At that time, Bombus occidentalis, the Western Bumble bee, was one of its many pollinators, but more commonly acted as its only known nectar robber. Bombus occidentalis abundance has declined precipitously throughout the Western USA since the 1970s. In 2016, we documented floral visitors at sites near those used in the original survey. We then experimentally quantified the effects of nectar robbing, allowing us to estimate the reproductive consequences of losing B. occidentalis. We also quantified the potential pollination services of muscid flies (Muscidae, Diptera). The floral visitor community was dramatically different in 2016 compared to the 1970s. Bombus occidentalis was infrequently observed, and nectar robbing was negligible. Our experiments suggested that a high level of nectar robbing would lead to significantly reduced fruit set, although not seeds per fruit. Fly visits to flowers were dramatically higher in 2016 compared to the 1970s. In the absence of bumble bees, muscid flies significantly reduced fruit set below the self-pollination rate. The negative effect of the increase in these flies likely outweighed any positive effects A. caerulea experienced from the absence of its nectar robber. Although the field observations were conducted in a single year, when interpreted in combination with our manipulative experiments, they suggest how A. caerulea may fare in a changing visitation landscape.

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12

Achint, Ramandeep, and Devinder Singh. "First record of the phoretic association between Pediculaster sp. (Pygmephoridae) mites and Musca crassirostris (Muscidae) flies in India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 16, no. 4 (April 26, 2024): 25103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.8738.16.4.25103-25106.

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This article reports for the first time a phoretic pygmephorid mite on a muscid fly from India, with pygmephorid mites classified under the order Prostigmata and the family Pygmephoridae. The mites, identified as species of the genus Pediculaster belonging to the family Pygmephoridae, were collected in July 2019 from Khajjiar town, located in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh, India. The flies, identified as Musca crassirostris belonging to the family Muscidae, were also noted. While this study marks a significant step in Indian research, further investigation is warranted to comprehensively compile data on the species accuracy of mites and their habitat preferences.

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13

Rotheray, G. E., and G. Wilkinson. "Trophic structure and function in the larva of predatory muscid flies (Diptera, Muscidae)." Zoomorphology 134, no. 4 (October 6, 2015): 553–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00435-015-0284-5.

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14

Bhakdeenuan, Payu, Padet Siriyasatien, Sunchai Payungporn, Kanok Preativatanyou, Usavadee Thavara, Apiwat Tawatsin, Kom Sukontason, et al. "Molecular Analysis of Medically and Veterinary Important Muscid Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in Thailand." Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine 42, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.56808/2985-1130.2405.

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15

Shinonaga, Satoshi, and Chuntian Zhang. "Muscid flies of Kamchatka peninsula and north Kuril Islands." Medical Entomology and Zoology 51, no. 2 (2000): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.51.121_4.

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Shinonaga, Satoshi. "A21 Five new muscid flies from Nansei Islands, Japan." Medical Entomology and Zoology 51, Supplement (2000): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.51.39_2.

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17

Bramley, A. J., J. E. Hillerton, T. M. Higgs, and E. M. Hogben. "The carriage of summer mastitis pathogens by muscid flies." British Veterinary Journal 141, no. 6 (November 1985): 618–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0007-1935(85)90009-0.

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18

Fatchurochim, Sukarsih, C. J. Geden, and R. C. Axtell. "FILTH FLY (DIPTERA) OVIPOSITION AND LARVAL DEVELOPMENT IN POULTRY MANURE OF VARIOUS MOISTURE LEVELS." Journal of Entomological Science 24, no. 2 (April 1, 1989): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-24.2.224.

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Oviposition by four species of muscid flies on poultry manure having six levels of moisture in the range of 40–90% was compared using caged populations of adults. Musca domestica L., Muscina stabulans (Fallén), Fannia femoralis (Stein) and Ophyra aenescens (Wiedemann) deposited more than 50% of their eggs in manure having 70% moisture. Eggs from those fly species and two others, Fannia canicularis (L.) and a stratiomyid, Hermetia illucens (L.), were added to poultry manure having eight levels of moisture in the range of 20–90%, and the development and size of emerging adults determined. None of the species developed in manure with 80 and 90% moisture. Development was mostly in the manure with 40–70% moisture, although some development in drier manure occurred with F. canicularis and H. illucens. For some species there were differences in the survival of fly immatures, development time, and size of the adult flies reared in manure of different moisture levels.

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Hansen, Anna C., Roger D. Moon, Marcia I. Endres, Glenda M. Pereira, and Bradley J. Heins. "The Defensive Behaviors and Milk Production of Pastured Dairy Cattle in Response to Stable Flies, Horn Flies, and Face Flies." Animals 13, no. 24 (December 14, 2023): 3847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13243847.

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Thirty-four crossbred dairy cows were observed on pasture six times per week from June to August 2014 at the University of Minnesota West Central Research and Outreach Center grazing dairy in Morris, MN, for defensive behaviors in response to three species of muscid flies. Counts of stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans (L.)), horn flies (Haematobia irritans (L.)), and face flies (Musca autumnalis DeGeer) were recorded before and after pasture observation. Individual cows were monitored for 5 min intervals to observe the frequencies of five different defensive behaviors: front and back leg stomps, head tosses, skin twitches, and tail swishes. Fly numbers averaged 5 stable flies per leg, 37 horn flies per side, and 1 face fly per face during the study. The fly counts and behavior frequencies increased with ambient temperature. The results showed a very strong relationship between the numbers of flies and numbers of defensive behaviors, though correlations between specific flies and behaviors were low. Younger cows had fewer stable flies and horn flies than older cows. The thresholds of flies to lower production for pastured organic dairy cows may be greater than 5 for stable flies, 37 for horn flies, and 1 for face flies.

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Nandi, B. C., and Shuvra Kanti Sinha. "On a Small Collection of Muscid Flies (Diptera : Muscidae) of Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve, India." Records of the Zoological Survey of India 102, no. 1-2 (June 1, 2004): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v102/i1-2/2004/159523.

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21

Roseland, Craig R., Michael J. Grodowitz, Karl J. Kramer, Theodore L. Hopkins, and Alberto B. Broce. "Stabilization of mineralized and sclerotized puparial cuticle of muscid flies." Insect Biochemistry 15, no. 4 (January 1985): 521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-1790(85)90065-4.

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Herawani, Febrina, Aunu Rauf, and Sugeng Santoso. "STATUS OF INFESTATION AND BIOLOGY OF PEPPER FRUIT FLY, Atherigona orientalis (Schiner) (Diptera: Muscidae)." JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA 19, no. 1 (August 12, 2019): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.11964-73.

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Status of Infestation and Biology of Pepper Fruit Fly, Atherigona orientalis (Schiner) (Diptera: Muscidae). Numerous muscid flies Atherigona orientalis (Schiner) (Diptera: Muscidae) emerged from fruitfly-infested pepper fruits. It is not known whether A. orientalis is primary or secondary pest, and its biology is poorly studied. Research was conducted with the objectives to determine the status of infestation of A. orientalis on pepper fruits, and to study its biology. Field survey was conducted in pepper fields in Bogor, whereas study on its biology was done in laboratory. Field surveys showed that flies emerged from fruitfly-infested fruits consisted of 86.1% A. orientalis, 4.8% Bactrocera dorsalis, and 9.1% other fly species. Fruits having only A. orientalis representing 79.7% of the infested fruits. Number of A. orientalis flies emerged per fruit ranged 1-24, with an average of 3.5 individuals. Laboratory study showed incubation period of eggs was 1.62 d, larva development lasted 11.93 d, and pupa 5.08 d. Longevity of female adult was 32.85 d and male 31.40 d. Number of eggs laid by a single female ranged 12-191, with an average of 83.80. Net reproductive rate R0 =36.052, intrinsic rate of increase rm = 0.136, mean generation time T = 26.482, doubling time Dt = 5.098, and finite rate of increase λ = 1.145. Overall, our research indicated that A. orientalis was a primary pest of pepper fruits, with a high potential of population increase.

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Krivosheina, N. P., and M. G. Krivosheina. "To the biology of muscid flies of the genus Limnophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera: Muscidae)." Caucasian Entomological Bulletin 10, no. 2 (2014): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.23885/1814-3326-2014-10-2-297-304.

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Klong-klaew, Tunwadee, Narin Sontigun, Chutharat Samerjai, Sangob Sanit, Kom Sukontason, Jeffery K. Tomberlin, Pradya Somboon, Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap, Hiromu Kurahashi, and Kabkaew L. Sukontason. "Daily and seasonal variation of muscid flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in Chiang Mai province, northern Thailand." Acta Tropica 204 (April 2020): 105348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105348.

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Kontschán, Jenő, and Sándor Hornok. "New records, a completed list and identification key of mites (Acari) associated with the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae)." Acarologia 59, no. 1 (December 19, 2018): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20194306.

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The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) is a blood-sucking muscid fly species, with a worldwide distribution and high veterinary-medical importance. In this study, four mite species were collected from stable flies in Hungary. One mite species (Trichotrombidium muscarum (Riley, 1878)) from the family Microtrombidiidae was parasitic on the flies, collected in high numbers from their bodies. The other three species were found in small numbers on the flies, which they use only for transportation. The latter included the phoretic female of Pediculaster mesembrinae (Canestrini, 1881) (Acari: Siteroptidae), the phoretic deutonymph of the Halolaelaps sexclavatus (Oudemans, 1902) (Acari: Halolaelapidae) and Macrocheles subbadius (Berlese, 1904) (Acari: Macrochelidae). This is the first record of an association between the stable fly and two mite species (Trichotrombidium muscarum and Halolaelaps sexclavatus). A new, completed list and identification key of known stable fly associated mites are also provided.

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JENSEN, K. M. VAGN, J. B. JESPERSEN, and B. OVERGAARD NIELSEN. "Variation in density of cattle-visiting muscid flies between Danish inland pastures." Medical and Veterinary Entomology 7, no. 1 (January 1993): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.1993.tb00646.x.

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Ren, Lipin, Yanjie Shang, Li Yang, Xiao Shen, Wei Chen, Yong Wang, Jifeng Cai, and Yadong Guo. "Comparative analysis of mitochondrial genomes among four species of muscid flies (Diptera: Muscidae) and its phylogenetic implications." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 127 (April 2019): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.063.

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SCACCINI, DAVIDE. "RECORDS OF ASILIDAE AND MUSCIDAE (DIPTERA) AS PREDATORS OF PLATYCERUS CARABOIDESAND PLATYCERUS CAPREA(COLEOPTERA LUCANIDAE) LARVAE IN DEADWOOD IN NORTHERN ITALY." Redia 103 (September 11, 2020): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.19263/redia-103.20.04.

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The present paper reports cases of predation on two Italian species of stag beetles, Platycerus capreaand Platyceruscaraboides, by saproxylic Diptera of which preys were seldom reported or unknownin the litera-ture. Resulting from eight years of collections in many sites in northern Italy, the robber flies Laphria meridiona-lisandChoeradessp.eclosed inrearing boxes of P. caraboides, and the muscid fly Phaonia palpataemerged from deadwood inhabited byboth Platycerusspecies. These Dipteradeveloped in deadwood ofbroadleaves species,wherethey wereuncommon predators of Platycerusimmaturestages.Predator-prey interactions betweenAsilidaeandMuscidae larvae andPlatycerusimprove the knowledge on thecommunity of these species with hidden habitsin the saproxylic scene.

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Michelsen, Verner. "Costal vein chaetotaxy, a neglected character source in Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera: Calyptratae)." European Journal of Taxonomy 826 (June 28, 2022): 94–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.826.1839.

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The present study examines whether the chaetotaxy of the costal vein in the calyptrate families Fanniidae and Muscidae deserves more attention in phylogenetic and taxonomic contexts. An overview of the macrotrichia and their arrangement on wing vein C is given. Special attention is given to the presence/absence of ventral and dorsal setulae on the costal sectors CS1‒3. This is described as one variable character (A) with nine states (A0‒A8). Specimens of both sexes (when possible) of each species belonging to 4 of a total of 5 fanniid genera and 115 of a total of 179 muscid genus-group taxa were examined and scored for character A. It was found that the presumed ancestral state of character A differs between the two families. It is further shown that the main transformational trend in character A in Muscidae has been bi-directional, leading either to the loss of ventral setulae or the gain of dorsal setulae. The utility of character A in the Fanniidae and Muscidae is many-sided and involves taxa ranging from species to family. It is concluded that character A and other aspects of costal chaetotaxy deserve more attention in morphology-based studies of calyptrate flies.

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Renaud, Anaïs K., Jade Savage, and Robert E. Roughley. "Muscidae (Diptera) diversity in Churchill, Canada, between two time periods: evidence for limited changes since the Canadian Northern Insect Survey." Canadian Entomologist 144, no. 1 (February 23, 2012): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2012.6.

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AbstractA survey of muscid flies from Churchill, Manitoba, Canada, in 2007 yielded 155 species. Some components of species richness and composition of this contemporary assemblage were compared with those of a historical (pre-1965) assemblage, and the contribution of the three collecting methods used in the 2007 survey protocol was evaluated. Estimates of species richness indicated that Malaise traps yielded more species than did pan traps or sweep netting, and that species composition did not differ significantly between Malaise trap and pan trap catches. These results suggest that Malaise traps and sweep netting are adequate methods to survey northern Muscidae. We report little difference in estimated species richness and composition between time periods for material collected by sweep netting. When all material from the 2007 survey was pooled, 87% of the pre-1965 species were collected again in 2007. Most nonoverlapping species between time periods were rare in samples and (or) collected by different methods, suggesting a failure to detect as the most likely explanation for their absence in one assemblage. Nevertheless, the proportion of aquatic and semiaquatic species of Spilogona Schnabl was more than twice as high in the list of species not recovered in 2007 than in the pre-1965 assemblage.

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White, Thomas E., and Tanya Latty. "Flies improve the salience of iridescent sexual signals by orienting toward the sun." Behavioral Ecology 31, no. 6 (October 14, 2020): 1401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/araa098.

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Abstract Sunlight is the ultimate source of most visual signals. Theory predicts strong selection for its effective use during communication, with functional links between signal designs and display behaviors a likely result. This is particularly true for iridescent structural colors, whose moment-to-moment appearance bears a heightened sensitivity to the position of signalers, receivers, and the sun. Here, we experimentally tested this prediction using Lispe cana, a muscid fly in which males present their structurally colored faces and wings to females during ground-based sexual displays. In field-based assays, we found that males actively bias the orientation of their displays toward the solar azimuth under conditions of full sunlight and do so across the entire day. This bias breaks down, however, when the sun is naturally concealed by heavy cloud or experimentally obscured. Our modeling of the appearance of male signals revealed clear benefits for the salience of male ornaments, with a roughly 4-fold increase in subjective luminance achievable through accurate display orientation. These findings offer fine-scale, causal evidence for the active control of sexual displays to enhance the appearance of iridescent signals. More broadly, they speak to predicted coevolution between dynamic signal designs and presentation behaviors, and support arguments for a richer appreciation of the fluidity of visual communication.

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Löwenberg‐Neto, Peter, and Claudio J. B. Carvalho. "Neotropical endemism and dispersal events between tropical and extra‐tropical regions underlay the reticulate assemblages of muscid flies." Journal of Biogeography 47, no. 7 (March 23, 2020): 1574–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13835.

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Loni, Augusto, Antonio Fornaciari, Angelo Canale, Valentina Giuffra, Stefano Vanin, and Giovanni Benelli. "Insights on Funeral Practices and Insects Associated With the Tombs of King Ferrante II d’Aragona and Other Renaissance Nobles." Journal of Medical Entomology 56, no. 6 (July 4, 2019): 1582–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz102.

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Abstract The impressive Sacristy of the Basilica of San Domenico Maggiore contains 38 wooden sarcophagi with the bodies of 10 Aragonese princes and other Neapolitan nobles, who died in the 15th and 16th centuries. To improve the knowledge about the entomofauna associated with bodies in archaeological contexts, herein we provide insights on the funerary practices and the insect community associated to Ferrante II King of Naples and other Italian Renaissance mummies of the Aragonese dynasty buried in the Basilica of St. Domenico Maggiore. We identified 842 insect specimens: 88% were Diptera (Muscidae, Fanniidae, and Phoridae), followed by 9% Lepidoptera (Tineidae) and 3% Coleoptera (Dermestidae and Ptinidae). Ninety-seven percent of the specimens were collected from the coffin of Francesco Ferdinando d’Avalos, which was the best preserved. A lack of fly species characterizing the first colonization waves of exposed bodies was noted. The most common fly was the later colonizing muscid Hydrotaea capensis (Wiedemann); only a few Fanniidae (Fannia spp.) were retrieved. The lack of blowflies, coupled with recording H. capensis as the dominant fly, supports our hypothesis that corpses have been kept indoors for a long time under confined environmental conditions. Other explanations include odorous oils/balms having been used in the embalming process, causing the delay or stopping the arrival of first colonizer flies. Hermetically sealing of the coffin with bitumen may also have played a role in preventing access to the corpses. This scenario describes a historical context characterized by a well-advanced knowledge of body preparation, with specific burial techniques adopted for nobles.

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Gunn, Alan, and Jerry Bird. "The ability of the blowflies Calliphora vomitoria (Linnaeus), Calliphora vicina (Rob-Desvoidy) and Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and the muscid flies Muscina stabulans (Fallén) and Muscina prolapsa (Harris) (Diptera: Muscidae) to colonise buried remains." Forensic Science International 207, no. 1-3 (April 2011): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.10.008.

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Huang, Y. T., H. Sasaki, and S. Shinonaga. "1 Muscid flies associated with pasturing cattle and buffaloes in Taiwan(Contributed Papers,Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of Northern Region)." Medical Entomology and Zoology 57, no. 2 (2006): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.57.151_2.

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Harris, Jeanette A., J. Eric Hillerton, and Steven V. Morant. "Effect on milk production of controlling muscid flies, and reducing fly-avoidance behaviour, by the use of Fenvalerate ear tags during the dry period." Journal of Dairy Research 54, no. 2 (May 1987): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900025309.

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SummaryFenvalerate ear tags reduced fly loads on dry dairy cattle by 95% between July and September. Fly dislodging behaviour, such as ear flicks which correlated with numbers of Musca autumnalis on the face and stamps/kicks which correlated with numbers of Stomoxys calcitrans on the legs, was also significantly reduced. There was no significant difference between the tagged and untagged groups in the total time spent grazing each day. Milk yields were not statistically significantly different, but the tagged group showed a greater increase in milk yield between lactations, of 1·45 kg/cow daily in the first 12 weeks of the lactation.

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Bajerlein, Daria, Mateusz Jarmusz, Aleksandra Gregor, and Andrzej Grzywacz. "Diptera (Dryomyzidae, Fanniidae, Muscidae, Piophilidae) Associated With Pig Carcasses in a Forest Habitat of Poland: Sex-Related Patterns of Visitation and Effectiveness of Sampling Methods." Journal of Medical Entomology 59, no. 2 (January 4, 2022): 514–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjab218.

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Abstract Our knowledge on many necrophilous dipterans was limited for a long time mainly due to taxonomic issues. Therefore, findings on the sex-related associations with pig carcasses in Dryomyzidae, Fanniidae, Muscidae, and Piophilidae are presented. Moreover, the effectiveness of pitfall traps and sweep nets in fly sampling were compared, since the correct method of collecting insects is critical for the development and application of entomological tools for forensic purposes. The trapped numbers of all species differed significantly in respect to both sexes. The sex ratios were strongly female-biased in most species of Muscidae and in Fanniidae. More females were also collected in Piophilidae, but the proportion of males was higher when compared to muscids. Within Dryomyzidae, the sex ratio differed according to species. Only Dryomyza flaveola (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Dryomyzidae) and Muscina pascuorum (Meigen, 1826) (Diptera: Muscidae) had male-biased sex ratios. Differences in residency patterns between sexes in Stearibia nigriceps (Meigen, 1826) (Diptera: Piophilidae), Liopiophila varipes (Meigen, 1830) (Diptera: Piophilidae), and D. flaveola were statistically insignificant. All studied species were recorded for each sampling method. The effect of the sampling method on the number of individuals was statistically significant for all dipterans but Piophilidae. Pitfall traps outcompeted the aerial sweep net in representing Dryomyzidae and Muscidae, whereas both methods were almost equally effective in the collection of Piophilidae. A varied effectiveness of sampling methods was observed in Fanniidae. The sampling method significantly affected the determination of the appearance time of flies on carcasses, but the effect of species and sampling method was insignificant. Implications for forensic entomology are discussed.

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Olafson, P. U. "Molecular characterization and immunolocalization of the olfactory co-receptor Orco from two blood-feeding muscid flies, the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans, L.) and the horn fly (Haematobia irritans irritans, L.)." Insect Molecular Biology 22, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imb.12009.

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Mohamed-Ahmed, M. M., and S. Mihok. "Alighting of Tabanidae and muscids on natural and simulated hosts in the Sudan." Bulletin of Entomological Research 99, no. 6 (February 10, 2009): 561–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485309006580.

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AbstractAlighting of horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) and non-biting muscids (Diptera: Muscidae) was studied at Khartoum, Sudan, using black cylindrical models mimicking a goat, calf and cow. Flies were intercepted by attaching electrocution grids or clear adhesive film to models. Alighting sites and defensive behaviour were also documented on hosts through observation. Female Tabanus sufis (Jennicke), T. taeniola (Palisot) and Atylotus agrestis (Wiedemann) were the main tabanids captured. Muscids landed in equal numbers on all sizes of models. They had a strong preference for the upper portions of both models and hosts. Landings of T. taeniola and A. agrestis increased with model size, but not so for T. sufis. T. taeniola and A. agrestis scarcely alighted on the legs of models whereas 60–78% of T. sufis did so. Landings of T. sufis on artificial legs did not vary with model size. Landings of all tabanids on the lower and upper portions of a model increased with model size. For both hosts and models, most tabanids (88–98%) alighted on the lower half and legs. Most muscids (63–89%) alighted on the upper half. Landing of tabanids on the cow was 34.9 and 69.3 times greater than that on the calf and goat, respectively. These results are discussed in relation to strategies for the control of blood-sucking flies associated with farm animals using either insecticide-treated live baits or their mimics.

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Baizhunis, M. J. "Real flies (Diptera, Muscidae) of Southeastern Kazakhstan." Kazakhstan zoological bulletin 4, no. 2 (November 13, 2023): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.54944/kzbcm234po34.

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The article presents the results of the author’s research conducted in May-June 2023 in the Ileysky Alatau (Kargaly Gorge, Alma-Arasan Gorge, Malaya Almatinka Gorge, Medeu Gorge, Karagaily gorge, Almaty region, Karasay district, Kamenka and Kemertogan villages), in Kungei Alatau in the Zhamanbulak gorges and Karabulak. The purpose of the study is to study the fauna, biology, ecology and distribution of the family of true flies (Muscidae) of Southeastern Kazakhstan. Basically, the collection of materials was carried out by collecting from cattle pastures, their barnyard, places of concentration, feces, and other decomposing semi-liquid media with tweezers, manually, using an entomological net. As a result of the study, 7 species belonging to the family of true flies (Muscidae) were identified: 4 species from the genus Musca and 1 species from the remaining 3 genera (Muscina, Stomoxys, Lyperosia).

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Li, Xin, Xiaodong Cai, Shuangmei Ding, Liang Wang, Wenliang Li, Xiaoyan Liu, Chuntian Zhang, and Ding Yang. "Phylogeny and Evolutionary Timescale of Muscidae (Diptera: Calyptratae) Inferred from Mitochondrial Genomes." Insects 14, no. 3 (March 15, 2023): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14030286.

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House flies (Muscidae) comprise the most species-rich family of the muscoid grade with over 5000 described species worldwide, and they are abundant in various terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The high number of species, varied appearances, complex feeding habits, and wide distributions have hindered researchers from understanding their phylogeny and evolutionary history. Here, we newly sequenced fifteen mitochondrial genomes and reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships and divergence time among eight subfamilies of Muscidae (Diptera). The best phylogenetic tree, which was inferred by IQ-Tree, recovered the monophyly for seven out of eight subfamilies (except for Mydaeinae). Based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological characteristics, we prefer the subfamily status of Azeliinae and Reinwardtiinae, and separate Stomoxyinae from Muscinae. Genus Helina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 was synonymized with Phaonia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830. The divergence time estimation indicated Muscidae originated at 51.59 Ma (early Eocene). Most subfamilies had originated around 41 Ma. We provided a mtgenomic viewpoint on the phylogenetic relationships and divergence time estimation of Muscidae.

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Schuster, R. K. "Preimaginal mortality of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) due to Habronema muscae (Nematoda: Habronematidae)." Helminthologia 54, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helm-2017-0029.

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SummaryIn order to study the damage of Habronema muscae (Carter, 1861) on its intermediate host, Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758, fly larval feeding experiments were carried out. For this, a defined number of praeimaginal stages of M. domestica was transferred in daily intervals (from day 0 to day 10) on faecal samples of a naturally infected horse harboring 269 adult H. muscae in its stomach. The development of M. domestica was monitored until imagines appeared. Harvested pupae were measured and weighted and the success of infection was studied by counting 3rd stage nematode larvae in freshly hatched flies. In addition, time of pupation and duration of the whole development of the flies was noticed. Pupation, hatching and preimaginal mortality rates were calculated and the number of nematode larvae in freshly hatched flies was counted. Adult flies harboured up to 60 Habronema larvae. Lower pupal volumes and weights, lower pupation rates and higher preimaginal mortality rates were found in experimental groups with long exposure to parasite eggs compared to experimental groups with short exposure or to the uninfected control groups. Maggots of the former groups pupated earlier and fly imagines occurred earlier. These findings clearly showed a negative impact of H. muscae on the development of M. domestica. The results are discussed in connection with the destruction of adipose cells in the maggots by developing nematode larvae.

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Nikanorova, A. M., and K. S. Kol’tsov. "Harmful husbands of Yukhnovsky district, Kaluga region." Veterinariya, Zootekhniya i Biotekhnologiya 1, no. 3 (2021): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202103007.

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Flies are the main negative indicator of poor production hygiene. At livestock farms and complexes of the Yukhnovsky district of the Kaluga region, a significant part of livestock products is lost due to the parasitism of harmful insects, namely flies. The article describes some of the features of the fauna and ecology of flies distributed on the territory of the UGRA KSP in the city of Yukhnov. The dominant species is Musca domestica domestica (ID 81,62%), the subdominant species are Protophormia terrae-novae (ID 13,97%), Muscina stabulans (ID 0,94%), Calliphora uralensis (ID 0,86%), Fannia canicularis (ID 0,86%); small numbers – Calliphora vicina (ID – 0,68%), Lucilla sericata (ID – 0,45%), Sehokhus urticae (ID – 0.34%), Themira putris (ID – 0,18%) and Ravinia striata (ID – 0,15%). Diptera of the family Muscidae (ID 71,8%) dominate on pastures, while Caliphoridae (16,9%) and Sarcofagidae (6,2%) are subdominant. In the first family, the housefly is most widespread (ID – 21,6%), followed by Musca osiris (pasture – 8,4%). The total duration of the summer of the main species of zoophilic flies in their habitats ranges from 100 to 150 days.

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Medeiros, Jucélia Rossana, Jessica Teixeira Jales, Renata Antonaci Gama, and Taciano Moura Barbosa. "Diversity of sarcosaprophagous dipterans (Insecta: Diptera) associated with street markets in the semiarid of northeastern Brazil." REVISTA CHILENA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA 49, no. 4 (November 30, 2023): 747–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35249/rche.49.4.23.09.

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Diptera have high capacity to adapt to anthropized environments and they present high medical and sanitary relevance, since they are related to pathogens transmission and myiasis causing. In this context, it is known that anthropic environments (e.g., street markets) with high human circulation and food supply can directly influence the composition and structure of muscoid dipterans assemblages. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of street markets on the composition and structure of assemblages of flies with sanitary importance in an urban environment of Toritama city, Pernambuco state, Brazil. The flies were captured using adhesive mousetrap “Cola Rato” before and after the occurrence of free markets. A total of 7,780 specimens belonging to six families and 14 species were collected. Muscidae was the most representative and diverse family, with 96.98% of all flies captured and four species. We observed that the assemblages were more abundant after the occurrence of the street markets (H = 6.56; df = 1; P < 0.01). Regarding the composition of the assemblies, 50% of the species were common to both treatments, with emphasis on the dominant species Musca domestica and Megaselia scalaris. This study reveals that free markets can modulate the structure and composition of flies’ assemblages in urban environments, including being able to offer health risks, considering that species of medical importance are related to this environment.

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Kim, Yu-Hoon, Sang Eon Shin, Chan Seon Ham, Seong Yoon Kim, Kwang Soo Ko, Tae-Ho Jo, Gi Hoon Son, Seong Hwan Park, and Juck-Joon Hwang. "Molecular Identification of Necrophagous Muscidae and Sarcophagidae Fly Species Collected in Korea by Mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I Nucleotide Sequences." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/275085.

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Identification of insect species is an important task in forensic entomology. For more convenient species identification, the nucleotide sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene have been widely utilized. We analyzed full-length COI nucleotide sequences of 10 Muscidae and 6 Sarcophagidae fly species collected in Korea. After DNA extraction from collected flies, PCR amplification and automatic sequencing of the whole COI sequence were performed. Obtained sequences were analyzed for a phylogenetic tree and a distance matrix. Our data showed very low intraspecific sequence distances and species-level monophylies. However, sequence comparison with previously reported sequences revealed a few inconsistencies or paraphylies requiring further investigation. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report ofCOInucleotide sequences fromHydrotaea occulta, Muscina angustifrons, Muscina pascuorum, Ophyra leucostoma, Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis, Sarcophaga harpax, andPhaonia aureola.

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Vasilevich, Nikanorova, and Koltsov. "FEATURES OF FLIES OF THE LIVESTOCK COMPLEX OF YUKHNOVSKY DISTRICT, KALUGA REGION." THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL, no. 22 (May 19, 2021): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6046256-1-3.2021.22.133-137.

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Flies are also the main negative indicator of the low-level sanitary condition of the production. At livestock farms and complexes of the Yukhnovsky District of the Kaluga Region, a significant part of livestock products is lost due to the parasitism of harmful insects, namely flies. The article describes some features of the fauna and ecology of zoophillic flies spread on the territory of the Collective Agricultural Enterprise UGRA in Yukhnov. The dominant species is Musca domestica domestica (CI 81.62%), the subdominant species are Protophormia terrae-novae (CI 13.97%), Muscina stabulans (CI 0.94%), Calliphora uralensis (CI 0.86%) and Fannia canicularis (CI 0.86%). Few in number are Calliphora vicina (CI 0.68%), Lucilia sericata (CI 0.45%), Сеrохуs urticae (CI 0.34%), Themira putris (CI 0.18%) and Ravinia striata (CI 0.15%). Diptera of the family Muscidae (CI 71.8%) dominate on pastures, and Caliphoridae (16.9%) and Sarcofagidae (6.2%) are subdominant. In the first family, the housefly is the most widespread (CI 21.6%) followed by Musca osiris (pasture fly 8.4%). The total duration of flying of the main species of zoophillic flies in their habitats ranges from 100 to 150 days.

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NIHEI, SILVIO SHIGUEO, and CLAUDIO JOSÉ BARROS DE CARVALHO. "The Muscini flies of the world (Diptera, Muscidae): identification key and generic diagnoses." Zootaxa 1976, no. 1 (January 12, 2009): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1976.1.1.

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Flies of the tribe Muscini (Diptera, Muscidae) are worldwide in distribution and are represented by some 350 species in 18 genera. The present study provides an identification key and diagnoses for all the genera of world Muscini: Biopyrellia Townsend, Curranosia Paterson, Dasyphora Robineau-Desvoidy, Deltotus Séguy, Hennigmyia Peris, Mesembrina Meigen, Mitroplatia Enderlein, Morellia Robineau-Desvoidy, Musca Linnaeus, Myiophaea Enderlein, Neomyia Walker, Neorypellia Pont, Polietes Rondani, Polietina Schnabl & Dziedzicki, Pyrellia Robineau-Desvoidy, Pyrellina Malloch, Sarcopromusca Townsend, Ziminellia Nihei & de Carvalho. Most infrageneric taxa are also represented, namely, the subgenera of Dasyphora and Morellia. Comments on phylogeny support (whenever pertinent) and the major references containing revisions and regional identification keys to species are provided for each genus and subgenus.

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Carlos Henrique Marchiori. "Study of the biology of the Tachinidae family." Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 2, no. 1 (October 30, 2021): 042–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.53022/oarjms.2021.2.1.0052.

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Tachinids are muscoid caliptrate dipterans belonging to the Oestroid superfamily along with groups such as meat flies (Sarcophagidae), bottle flies (Calliphoridae) and bot flies (Oestridae) The objective of this collection consists of bibliographical research on the Muscoid dipterans of the Tachinidae Family. The research was carried out in studies related to quantitative aspects of the Family and Species (taxonomic groups) and conceptual aspects such as: geographical distribution, hosts, species, life cycle and reproduction. A literature search was carried out containing articles published from 1987 to 2021. The mini review was prepared in Goiânia, Goiás, from September to October 2021, through the Online Scientific Library (Scielo), internet, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, Frontiers, Publons, Qeios, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, Frontiers, Publons, Qeios and Portal of Scientific Journals in Health Sciences, https://goo.gl/gLTTTs and https://www.growkudos.com/register.

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Cortinhas, Lucas Barbosa, Paloma Martins Mendonça, Marina Vianna Braga, and Margareth Maria de Carvalho Queiroz. "Ultrastructure of the Immature Stages of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae: Muscinae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 6 (June 6, 2020): 1712–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa095.

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Abstract Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758) is a muscoid species that is widespread throughout the world and acts as a mechanical vector of different enteropathogens primarily in underdeveloped countries. The adult and its immature forms are associated with decaying organic matter and can be seen visiting human corpses and animal carcass, and the larvae can also cause an infestation on human and animal wounds, feeding on the tissues. These characteristics make them have a forensic significance and, mainly, a great sanitary importance. This study aimed to analyze and describe morphological aspects of their immature stages of M. domestica, including the eggs, the first-, second-, and third-instar larvae, and the puparium using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The eggs have standard format that all muscoid flies shared. The exochorion has some modified cells that were used for embryonic respiration. The first-instar larvae present two openings on the posterior spiracle as in the second-instar larvae, but with the last one, we can observe the anterior spiracle structure. The third-instar larvae, as in some other Muscidae species, have a posterior spiracular opening with a sinuous form that is located near the edge of the spiracular plate. The puparium morphology is equal to the third instar with a respiratory structure that helps the breathing during the metamorphosis process. This article supports the need for knowledge over the morphological characteristics of the immature forms of the muscoid Diptera (Linnaeus, 1758) at the same time helping with the correct identification of this insect phase.

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Barashkova and Budishcheva. "ZOOPHILOUS FLIES OF YAKUTIA (REVIEW)." THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL, no. 21 (May 29, 2020): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-9902341-5-4.2020.21.35-38.

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The study of zoophilous flies in Yakutia was undertaken in the 80–90 years of the last century. More than 35 years have passed since then. The first data on the species composition of Muscidae in Yakutia were given in the monograph by L.S. Zimin, which lists 10 species for Central Yakutia. G.A. Veselkin conducted research of zoophilous flies in South and Southwest Yakutia, where the author noted the dominance of Muscidae (32 species), which accounted for 74% of the total zoophilic complex. A.V. Vinokurova discovered 9 species of Muscidae in Central Yakutia. Only in 2016, the collection material kept at the Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, of the species composition of Muscidae found in Yakutia where there are 108 species from 29 genera, was processed. An analysis of the available literature indicates that zoophilous flies are widespread in Yakutia and remain poorly understood. Based on this, the study of the species composition of zoophilous flies, bioecology and their pathogens will substantiate the system of measures for the protection of animals in Yakutia.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Muscid flies'

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