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1
Menpes, Sandra, and Tony Hill. "Emerging continuous gas plays in the Cooper Basin, South Australia." APPEA Journal 52, no. 2 (2012): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11085.
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Recent off-structure drilling in the Nappamerri Trough has confirmed the presence of gas saturation through most of the Permian succession, including the Roseneath and Murteree shales. Basin-centred gas, shale gas and deep CSG plays in the Cooper Basin are now the focus of an escalating drilling and evaluation campaign. The Permian succession in the Nappamerri Trough is up to 1,000 m thick, comprising very thermally mature, gas-prone source rocks with interbedded sands—ideal for the creation of a basin-centred gas accumulation. Excluding the Murteree and Roseneath shales, the succession comprises up to 45% carbonaceous and silty shales and thin coals deposited in flood plain, lacustrine and coal swamp environments. The Early Permian Murteree and Roseneath shales are thick, generally flat lying, and laterally extensive, comprising siltstones and mudstones deposited in large and relatively deep freshwater lakes. Total organic carbon values average 3.9% in the Roseneath Shale and 2.4% in the Murteree Shale. The shales lie in the wet gas window (0.95–1.7% Ro) or dry gas window (>1.7% Ro) over much of the Cooper Basin. Thick Permian coals in the deepest parts of the Patchawarra Trough and over the Moomba high on the margin of the Nappamerri Trough are targets for deep CSG. Gas desorption analysis of a thick Patchawarra coal seam returned excellent total raw gas results averaging 21.2 scc/g (680 scf/ton) across 10 m. Scanning electron microscopy has shown that the coals contain significant microporosity.
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Guo, Fengtao, and Peter McCabe. "Lithofacies analysis and sequence stratigraphy of the Roseneath-Epsilon-Murteree gas plays in the Cooper Basin, South Australia." APPEA Journal 57, no. 2 (2017): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16202.
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The early–middle Permian Roseneath-Epsilon-Murteree (REM) strata of the Cooper Basin, South Australia, has conventional and unconventional gas plays. To better understand the sedimentary evolution of the strata, eight key cored wells for the REM in the South Australia were selected and more than 1400 m cores have been characterised to study the lithofacies, facies associations and associated stacking patterns. Twelve lithofacies are identified and further categorised into eight facies associations: (1) open lacustrine, (2) lacustrine shoreface, (3) flood plain/interdistributary bay/channel fill, (4) fluvial channel/distributary channel, (5) crevasse channel/splay/natural levee, (6) distributary mouth bar, (7) prodelta, and (8) mire/swamp. Cyclic stacking patterns are distinguished both in cores and well logs. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates the lower and middle parts of the Murteree Shale mainly consist of claystone and are characteristic of deep water sediments. The upper Murteree Shale has a larger percentage of silt and sand, which suggests an overall regressive process. The Epsilon Formation displays three stages of deposition: (1) a lower, thin, upward-coarsening package of beach and lacustrine shoreline deposits with a continued regression from the underlying Murteree Shale; (2) a coaly, middle unit deposited by distributary channels, crevasse splays, mires and delta mouth bars; and (3) an upper unit of cyclic coarsening-upward claystone, siltstone and sandstone, deposited in shoreline environments with fluvial modifications. The Roseneath Shale resulted from transgression after deposition of the upper Epsilon Formation with a relatively rapid rise of lake level marked by transgressive lags. A final coarsening-upward sequence of shoreline deposits indicates an ending phase of regression.
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Dunlop, E. C., M. V. Browne, and E. F. Tadiar. "DEPLETION OF GAS RESERVOIRS BY MOLECULAR DIFFUSION — A CASE STUDY." APPEA Journal 32, no. 1 (1992): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj91029.
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Recent drilling in the southern Cooper-Eromanga basins of eastern central Australia has provided evidence to suggest that Permian gas reservoirs have been depleted by molecular diffusion.Diffusion is the process by which matter is transported along a concentration gradient, as a result of random molecular motion. It is a common and ubiquitous phenomenon in geological environments.In the Toolachee and Nappacoongee-Murteree blocks of PELs 5 and 6, channel sandstones of the Permian Patchawarra Formation are faulted or subcrop against the Murteree Horst basement high. The Lower-Middle Jurassic Hutton Sandstone was deposited directly over the exposed surface of this feature and the surrounding eroded Permo-Triassic topography. As a result, the truncated Patchawarra Formation sandstone reservoirs are in contact with the overlying Hutton Sandstone, a major fresh water aquifer within the Great Artesian Basin. There is an anomalous increase in Patchawarra Formation water resisitivity around the Murteree Horst, suggesting that fluid communication with the Hutton Sandstone has allowed ionic diffusion to reduce the salinity of the Patchawarra reservoirs.Fluid communication has existed between the Patchawarra and Hutton reservoir systems for the duration of hydrocarbon generation and migration. It is proposed that the diffusion of solution gas towards the Murteree Horst has lowered basinward Patchawarra gas concentrations below saturation point, to the extent that gas generated in nearby source areas has gone into solution rather than migrating in the gaseous phase to form accumulations. Hydrocarbon traps immediately basinward of the Patchawarra edge should contain gas only if the rate of supply from source rocks has been greater than the rate of loss by diffusion. Gas accumulations may be shielded from depletion by source areas or other accumulations which are closer to the Patchawarra edge.The diffusion model has a negative impact on the prospectivity of Permian gas targets in marginal source areas of the Cooper Basin where reservoir communication exists between potential gas reservoirs and the Great Artesian Basin aquifers. Nevertheless, the recognition of this process may be used to advantage in identifying areas where further gas exploration should be curtailed. Such action may improve the drilling success rate in the region.
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Apak, S. N., W. J. Stuart, and N. M. Lemon. "COMPRESSIONAL CONTROL ON SEDIMENT AND FACIES DISTRIBUTION SW NAPPAMERRI SYNCLINE AND ADJACENT MURTEREE HIGH, COOPER BASIN." APPEA Journal 35, no. 1 (1995): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj94013.
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The northeast-trending Nappamerri Syncline and its flanking high to the southeast, the Murteree-Nappacoongee (NM) Trend, show structural development throughout the deposition of the Permo-Triassic Cooper Basin sequences. Pre-existing topography, such as around Moomba, influenced early depositional patterns within the area. Rates of sedimentation were influenced by the rate of uplift of source areas around the basin, largely as a consequence of buckling. Periods of active tectonism resulted in non-deposition and stripping of sediments from uplifted blocks while deposition continued in deeper areas. Hangingwall blocks, pushed up along reverse faults, strongly influenced the areas of sedimentation and the facies being deposited. This is particularly evident along the NM Trend. Phases of uplift were immediately followed by increased sedimentation where fluvial deposition dominated. The effect of displacement along the northwest-trending basement lineaments was to subdivide the northeast trends into compartments which contain similar facies within each time slice. Adjacent compartments may display different facies and different tectonic histories. An inversion episode, particularly evident in the Big Lake/Moomba area, resulted in a reversal of the depocentre and was related to phases of Sakmarian compression.Facies distribution and sandstone percentage maps of the chronostratigraphic units of the Patchawarra Formation suggest that a northeast-trending major channel system entered this part of basin along the NW edge of the Murteree area.
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Jadoon, Quaid Khan, Eric M. Roberts, Bob Henderson, Thomas G. Blenkinsop, Raphael A. J. Wüst, and Cassy Mtelela. "Lithological and facies analysis of the Roseneath and Murteree shales, Cooper Basin, Australia." Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 37 (January 2017): 138–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.10.047.
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Ahmad, Maqsood, Ali Hussain, Reuben Koo, Hoang Nguyen's, and Manouchehr Haghighi. "Evaluation of free porosity in shale gas reservoirs (Roseneath and Murteree formations case study)." APPEA Journal 52, no. 1 (2012): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11049.
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Organically rich shale rocks represent a voluminous, long-term, global source of natural gas and could be referred to as shale gas. Unlike conventional gas reservoirs, shale gas reservoirs have very low effective porosity and permeability. Therefore, an evaluation of porosity in such a tight rock is a challenge. The Roseneath and Murtree shale formations in the Cooper Basin are believed to be potential shale gas reservoirs in SA. Core samples of Murteree and Roseneath carbonaceous shales from the Della–4 and Moomba–46 wells were collected to measure interstitial and intergranular porosity in these prospective shale gas reservoirs in the Nappamerri Trough. After initial preparation, the shale core samples were investigated to determine the pore size classification and effective free porosity using the mercury injection capillary pressure technique (MCIP). The focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) technique was then employed to obtain micro and nano scale images of the core samples. Then, helium porosimetry was used on the samples to measure their effective porosity. Finally, the pyknometry method was used on the crushed samples to measure their total intergranular porosity. MICP techniques revealed that the samples were mainly comprised of meso-porosity, with the pore throat diameters between 2–50 nanometres and an effective porosity of less than 2%. Helium porosimetry also showed an average porosity of less than 2%. Liquid pyknometry revealed an average absolute porosity of 30.5% for Murteree shale and 39% for the the Roseneath shale, which is much higher than the results from the MCIP technique and helium porosimetry. This is an indication of having very high isolated porosity and very low permeability. The findings were analysed and validated by the use of SEM images, displaying high amounts of isolated porosity, confirming the high porosity measurement from the pyknometry technique. The results achieved strongly emphasised that gas prone, over-mature, carbonaceous shales have very low effective but very high total porosity. Therefore, it is envisaged that total intergranular porosity holding compressed gas in over-mature source rocks cannot be evaluated using the helium porosimetry and mercury injection techniques. The pyknometry technique supported by the SEM images is an alternative method; however, this method can only measure total, rather than effective, porosity.
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Pearce, J. K., L. Turner, and D. Pandey. "Experimental and predicted geochemical shale-water reactions: Roseneath and Murteree shales of the Cooper Basin." International Journal of Coal Geology 187 (February 2018): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2017.12.008.
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Arouri, Khaled R., David M. McKirdy, Lorenz Schwark, Detlev Leythaeuser, and Peter J. Boult. "Accumulation and mixing of hydrocarbons in oil fields along the Murteree Ridge, Eromanga Basin, South Australia." Organic Geochemistry 35, no. 11-12 (November 2004): 1597–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2004.04.008.
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Jadoon, Quaid Khan, Eric Roberts, Tom Blenkinsop, and Raphael Wust. "Organic petrography and thermal maturity of the Permian Roseneath and Murteree shales in the Cooper Basin, Australia." International Journal of Coal Geology 154-155 (January 2016): 240–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2016.01.005.
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Gravestock, D. I., and E. M. Alexander. "POROSITY AND PERMEABILITY OF RESERVOIRS AND CAPROCKS IN THE EROMANGA BASIN, SOUTH AUSTRALIA." APPEA Journal 26, no. 1 (1986): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj85020.
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When effective porosity and permeability are measured at simulated overburden pressure, and grain size variation is taken into account, two distinct relationships are evident for Eromanga Basin reservoirs. Reservoirs in the Hutton Sandstone and Namur Sandstone Member behave such that significant porosity reduction can be sustained with retention of high permeability, whereas permeability of reservoirs in the Birkhead Formation and Murta Member is critically dependent on slight porosity variations. Logging tool responses are compared with core-derived data to show in particular the effects of grain size and clay content on the gamma ray, sonic, and density tools, where clay content is assessed from cation exchange capacity measurements. Sonic and density crossplots, constructed to provide comparison with a water-saturated 'reference' reservoir, are advantageous in comparing measured effective porosity from core plugs at overburden pressure with porosity calculated from logs. Gamma ray and sonic log responses of the Murta Member in the Murteree Horst area are clearly distinct from those of all other reservoirs, perhaps partly due to differences in mineralogy and shallower depth of burial compared with other formations.
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Jadoon, Quaid Khan, Eric Roberts, Thomas Blenkinsop, Raphael A. J. Wust, and Syed Anjum Shah. "Petrophysical evaluation and uncertainty analysis of Roseneath and Murteree shales reservoirs in Cooper Basin, Australia (a case study)." Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 147 (November 2016): 330–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2016.06.010.
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JADOON, Quaid Khan, Eric ROBERTS, Tom BLENKINSOP, Raphael A. J. WUST, and Syed Anjum SHAH. "Mineralogical modelling and petrophysical parameters in Permian gas shales from the Roseneath and Murteree formations, Cooper Basin, Australia." Petroleum Exploration and Development 43, no. 2 (April 2016): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(16)30031-3.
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Poole, Anastasia, Jennifer Badry, Gabriele Busanello, Brendon Mitchell, and David Schmidt. "Measure twice, cut once: determining Roseneath Epsilon Murteree (REM) shale gas potential with point-source, point-receiver full-azimuth acquisition." APPEA Journal 53, no. 2 (2013): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12064.
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The key to the successful exploitation of shale resources, such as the REM shale gas interval in Queensland, is to obtain maximum reservoir contact by efficient drilling and hydraulic fracturing. This can be achieved by identifying areas of the reservoir already naturally fractured or where minimum effort is required for stimulation. Detection of these so-called sweet spots can be crucial for efficient reservoir development. Seismic methods can be used in shale gas reservoir characterisation studies to achieve an improved understanding of the structure, heterogeneity, and geotechnical stress regime of the reservoir and related containment, leading to identification of the desired production sweet spots and optimum placement of future wells. To achieve this, much more stringent requirements are placed on the quality and characteristics of seismic data than would be needed for a purely structural image. Innovative best-practice solutions based on experience in the basin and elsewhere were included in the survey design of the Winnie 3D seismic acquisition. The survey featured broadband acquisition with point-source vibroseis and point-receiver accelerometers. Omnidirectional and symmetrical dense sampling with appropriately long offsets provided uniform azimuthal coverage with extremely high trace density. The high-specification acquisition design was complemented with latest non-uniform noise attenuation to enable a fast-track interpretation, detection of velocity anomalies, pre-stack seismic inversion, and the extraction of seismic attributes in advanced stages of data processing.
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Hall, Lisa, Tony Hill, Liuqi Wang, Dianne Edwards, Tehani Kuske, Alison Troup, and Chris Boreham. "Unconventional gas prospectivity of the Cooper Basin." APPEA Journal 55, no. 2 (2015): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj14063.
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The Cooper Basin is an Upper Carboniferous–Middle Triassic intracratonic basin in northeast SA and southwest Queensland. The basin is Australia's premier onshore hydrocarbon-producing province and is nationally significant due to its provision of domestic gas for the east coast gas market. Exploration activity in the region has recently expanded with numerous explorers pursuing newly identified unconventional hydrocarbon plays. While conventional gas and oil prospects can usually be identified by 3D seismic, the definition and extent of the undiscovered unconventional gas resources in the basin remain poorly understood. This extended abstract reviews the hydrocarbon prospectivity of the Cooper Basin with a focus on unconventional gas resources. Regional basin architecture, characterised through source rock distribution and quality, demonstrates the abundance of viable source rocks across the basin. Petroleum system modelling, incorporating new compositional kinetics, source quality and total organic carbon (TOC) map, highlight the variability in burial, thermal and hydrocarbon generation histories between depocentres. The study documents the extent of a number of unconventional gas play types, including the extensive basin-centred and tight gas accumulations in the Gidgealpa Group, deep-dry coal gas associated with the Patchawarra and Toolachee formations, as well as the less extensive shale gas plays in the Murteree and Roseneath shales.
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Jadoon, Quaid Khan, Eric M. Roberts, Robert A. Henderson, Thomas G. Blenkinsop, and Raphael A. J. Wust. "Mineralogical variability of the Permian Roseneath and Murteree Shales from the Cooper Basin, Australia: Implications for shale properties and hydrocarbon extraction." Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 165 (June 2018): 850–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2017.12.022.
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Pandža, Marija. "Alohtona flora naselja Jezera na otoku Murteru (Dalmacija, Hrvatska)." Agronomski glasnik 79, no. 3 (January 30, 2018): 121–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33128/ag.79.3.4.
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U radu je prikazana analiza alohtone flore naselja Jezera na otoku Murteru koja broji 248 vrsta i podvrsta. Brojem vrsta najzastupljenije su porodice Asteraceae s.s. (30 svojti; 12,10%), a od rodova se ističu rodovi Prunus (7 svojti) i Citrus (6 svojti). Među životnim oblicima najzastupljeniji su fanerofiti (109 svojti; 43,95%), i terofiti (64 svojte; 25,81%). Od 248 svojti njih 128 (51,61%) dolazi isključivo u kulturi. Ostalih 120 svojti (48,39%) imaju sposobnost preživljavanja izvan uzgoja: 86 svojti su neudomaćene, povremeno preživljavaju izvan uzgoja (casual), 14 je udomaćenih (naturaliziranih), a 20 je invazivnih. Prema geografskom podrijetlu najveći broj vrsta i podvrsta potječe iz Amerike (80 svojti; 32,26%), a zatim slijede svojte iz Azije (69 svojti; 27,83%). Od 248 vrsta i podvrsta iz ovoga rada njih 95 su nove za floru otoka Murtera. Ukupna flora otoka Murtera sada broji 977 vrsta i podvrsta.
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Hill, Anthony, Sandra Menpes, Guillaume Backè, Hani Khair, and Arezoo Siasitorbaty. "Shale gas prospectivity in South Australia." APPEA Journal 51, no. 2 (2011): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj10098.
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Potential shale gas bearing basins in SA are primarily dominated by thermogenic play types and span the Neoproterozoic to Cretaceous. Whilst companies have only recently commenced exploring for shale gas in the Permian Cooper Basin, strong gas shows have been routinely observed and recorded since exploration commenced in the basin in 1959. The regionally extensive Roseneath and Murteree shales represent the primary exploration focus and reach maximum thicknesses of 103 m and 86 m respectively with TOC values up to 9%. These shales are in the gas window in large parts of the basin, particularly in the Patchawarra and Nappamerri troughs. Outside the Cooper Basin, thick shale sequences in the Crayfish Subgroup of the Otway Basin, in particular the Upper and Lower Sawpit shales and to a lesser extent the Laira Formation, have good shale gas potential in the deeper portions of the basin. TOC averages up to 3% are recorded in these shales in the Penola Trough; maturities in the range of 1.3–1.5% have been modelled. Thick Permian marine shales of the Arckaringa Basin have excellent source rock characteristics, with TOC’s ranging 4.1–7.4% and averaging 5.2% over an interval exceeding 150 m in the Phillipson Trough; however, these Type II source rocks are not sufficiently mature for gas generation anywhere in the Arckaringa Basin. Shale gas has the potential to rival CSM in eastern Australia; its potential is now being explored in SA.
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Pearce, J. K., T. Blach, G. Dawson, Y. Melnichenko, G. Southam, S. D. Golding, J. Bahadur, and D. Paterson. "Experimental acid and scCO2 reactions of Roseneath, Epsilon and Murteree gas shales: Opening or closing of gas accessible pores and metal release to water." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2019, no. 1 (November 11, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22020586.2019.12073164.
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Trembath, Carrie, Lindsay Elliott, and Mark Pitkin. "The Nappamerri Trough, Cooper Basin unconventional plays: proving a hypothesis." APPEA Journal 52, no. 2 (2012): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11076.
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Beach Energy has started exploring unconventional gas in the Nappamerri Trough, the central trough within the Cooper Basin, where the Permian section has long been regarded as the primary source for most of the conventional hydrocarbons found within the basin. This extended abstract discusses the data used to identify the unconventional play and the exploration program carried out to date. Mud weights, drill stem test (DST) pressures and log data from early exploration wells identified the Permian formations as overpressured. This with geochemical and mineralogy analyses indicated that the Roseneath and Murteree Shales had potential similar to successful shale gas plays being developed in the USA. The quartz and siderite content within both shale sections indicated sufficient brittleness for successful fracture stimulation. In addition, the Nappamerri Trough Permian section showed low permeabilities, which, when combined with overpressure, suggested a basin-centred style play within the Epsilon and Patchawarra sandstones and possibly the Toolachee Formation sandstones. During 2010–11, Beach drilled two exploration wells sited outside structural closure to test both the shale gas and basin centred gas system. Both wells have now been fracture stimulated, with very encouraging gas flows from the Roseneath to Patchawarra section. The latest geological data confirms the pre-drill potential for both gas flow from the shales and the presence and production of gas from sandstones outside structural closure, resulting in a significant shale and tight gas resource booking. Ongoing exploration and development will target a potential 300 Tcf gas in place in PEL 218.
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Pokalai, Kunakorn, Yang Fei, Maqsood Ahmad, Manouchehr Haghighi, and Mary Gonzalez. "Design and optimisation of multi-stage hydraulic fracturing in a horizontal well in a shale gas reservoir in the Cooper Basin, South Australia." APPEA Journal 55, no. 1 (2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj14001.
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Multi-stage hydraulic fracturing in horizontal wells is a well-known technology and is a key mechanism for gas recovery from extremely low permeable shale gas reservoirs. Since Australia’s Cooper Basin has a more complex stress regime and higher temperatures when compared to US shale gas formations, the design and optimisation of this technology in the Cooper Basin has not been explored to the authors’ knowledge. The Murteree and Roseneath shale formations in the Cooper Basin are 8,500 ft in depth and have been targets for shale gas production by different oil and gas operators. Deeper zones are difficult to fracture, as fracture gradients are often above 1 psi/ft. In this study, 1D vertical mechanical earth modelling using petrophysical log data was developed. Then, the stress profile was tuned and validated using the minimum horizontal stress from a mini-frac test taken along a vertical well. A 3D hydraulic fracture simulation in a vertical well as developed as a pilot to select the best locations for horizontal drilling. The selection criteria for the best location included the stress regime, gas flow rate and fracture geometry. Then a multi-stage fracture treatment in a horizontal well was designed. A large number of cases were simulated based on different well lengths, stage spacing and the number of stages. The productivity index was selected as the objective function for the optimisation process. The best case finally was selected as the optimum multi-stage hydraulic fracturing in a horizontal well in the Cooper Basin.
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Lang, S. C., N. Ceglar, S. Forder, G. Spencer, and J. Kassan. "HIGH RESOLUTION SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY, RESERVOIR ANALOGUES, AND 3D SEISMIC INTERPRETATION—APPLICATION TO EXPLORATION AND RESERVOIR DEVELOPMENT IN THE BARYULAH COMPLEX, COOPER BASIN, SOUTHWEST QUEENSLAND." APPEA Journal 42, no. 1 (2002): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj01028.
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Gas exploration and reservoir development in the Baryulah area, Cooper Basin, southwest Queensland has focussed on the fluvial-lacustrine, Permian coal-bearing Patchawarra Formation, Murteree Shale, Epsilon and Toolachee Formations. Geological interpretation of drilling and 3D seismic data has benefitted from integration of sequence stratigraphic concepts with the judicious use of reservoir analogues and seismic attribute mapping. Initially, a coherent regional chronostratigraphic framework was established, based on broad palynological zonations, and correlating extensive lacustrine flooding surfaces and unconformities, tied to 3D seismic reflectors. This framework was subdivided by using local key surfaces identified on wireline logs (usually high-gamma shaly intervals overlying coals), resulting in recognition of numerous high-resolution genetic units. Wireline log character, calibrated by cores from analogous fields around the Cooper Basin and supported by analogue studies, forms the basis for a logfacies scheme that recognises meandering fluvial channels, crevasse splays, floodplain/basin, and peat swamps/mires. Fluvial stacking patterns (aggradational, retrogradational or progradational), produced by the ratio of sediment supply to accommodation within each genetic unit, were used to help determine depositional systems tracts (alluvial lowstand, transgressive, or highstand) and likely reservoir connectivity. Log signature maps for genetic intervals form the basis of palaeogeographic mapping. Modern and ancient depositional analogues were used to constrain likely facies distribution and fluvial channel belt widths. Syndepositional structural features, net-to-gross trends, and seismic attribute mapping are used to guide the scale, distribution and orientation of potential reservoir trends. When used in conjunction with structural and production data, the palaeogeographic maps help develop stratigraphic trap play concepts, providing a predictive tool for locating exploration or appraisal drilling opportunities.
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Guo, Fengtao, Peter McCabe, Zhiqiang Feng, Changwu Wu, Xueyan Lyu, Weilong Peng, and Jinrui Guo. "Core-based sedimentological and sequence stratigraphic analysis of shale-dominated gas plays: An example of the early to middle permian Roseneath-Epsilon-Murteree strata in the Cooper basin, Australia." Marine and Petroleum Geology 129 (July 2021): 105070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2021.105070.
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Powell, T. G., C. J. Boreham, D. M. McKirdy, B. H. Michaelsen, and R. E. Summons. "PETROLEUM GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE MURTA MEMBER, MOOGA FORMATION, AND ASSOCIATED OILS, EROMANGA BASIN." APPEA Journal 29, no. 1 (1989): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj88015.
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An investigation has been made of the source potential, degree of maturation and hydrocarbon composition of selected oils and sediments in the Murta Member in ATP 267P and the Moomba and Napacoongee- Murteree Blocks (PEL 5 and 6), Eromanga Basin. Shales in the Murta Member contain low amounts (up to 2.5% TOC) of terrestrial oil- prone organic matter (Types II–III) which consists predominantly of sporinite, lipto- detrinite and inertinite with lower amounts of vitrinite, although some samples contain relatively abundant telalginite. Extractable hydrocarbon yields demonstrate that parts of the Murta Member are effective source rocks at present maturation levels, which are at the threshold of the conventional oil window (vitrinite reflectance = 0.5- 0.6% Ro).Oils from Murta reservoirs in ATP 267P (Kihee, Nockatunga and Thungo) all show the characteristics found by previous analyses of many Murta oils, namely paraffinic, low wax, and high pristane- to- phytane ratios. In contrast Murta oils from Limestone Creek and Biala are waxy. All oils show chemical evidence of generation at relatively low maturation levels. Gas chromatograms of the saturate fractions from the best source facies show the same characteristics noted for the low- wax oils. Samples with lower source potential in contrast contain relatively abundant waxy n- alkanes. Methylphenan- threne Indices and biomarker maturation indicators obtained from the oils show the same values as were measured on sediment samples from the Murta. Hence the oils could not have been derived from deeper, more mature source rocks. The distribution of biomarkers in the low- wax oils is also consistent with an origin from the Murta Member. A corresponding source facies for the high- wax oils has not yet been located. However, chemical maturation indices also suggest a source in the Murta Member or in immediately adjacent strata.The unusual circumstances represented by the Murta oils (low maturity, low- wax terrestrial oils) provide evidence for bacterial contribution to the source material for non- marine oils. Both the low- wax oils and the best source facies contain abundant hydrocarbons derived from bacterial precursors. This bacterial organic matter appears to yield hydrocarbons at an earlier stage of maturation than the predominantly terrestrial plant and algal organic matter with which it is associated. In the case of the Murta Member there are sufficient hydrocarbons generated at relatively low maturity to allow migration to occur. Chemical evidence suggests a low contribution from algal organic matter to the generated hydrocarbons.
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Iqbal, Omer, Maqsood Ahmad, and Askury abd Kadir. "Effective evaluation of shale gas reservoirs by means of an integrated approach to petrophysics and geomechanics for the optimization of hydraulic fracturing: A case study of the Permian Roseneath and Murteree Shale Gas reservoirs, Cooper Basin, Australia." Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 58 (October 2018): 34–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2018.07.017.
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Menac-Mihalić, Mira. "Fonološki opis govora Murtera." Knj. 25 (2021) 25 (2021): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.21857/mzvkptqjj9.
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Kurki, Tommi. "Havaintoja Eurajoen murteen muuttumisesta." Sananjalka 41, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30673/sja.86609.
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Räisänen, Alpo. "Kainuun murteen ntA (nti) -johtimiset teonnimet." Sananjalka 36, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30673/sja.86560.
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Markus, Juutinen. "Koltansaamen Näätämön murteen ja merisaamen välinen koodien sekoittuminen vuonna 1920." Puhe ja kieli, no. 2 (October 28, 2019): 165–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.23997/pk.75742.
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Tässä artikkelissa tutkin koltansaamen Näätämön murteen ja pohjoissaamen merisaamen murteen välistä koodien sekoittumista. Tutkimusaineistona käytän kahdelta kaksikieliseltä puhujalta vuonna 1920 Norjan Näätämössä kerättyjä folkloretekstejä. Aineiston kerääjän Eliel Lagercrantzin mukaan osa teksteistä on merisaamea ja osan kieltä hän kuvailee termillä koltansaamen ja merisaamen sekakieli.
Tutkimuksessa selvisi, että tekstit sisältävät kolme erilaista rekisteriä: koltansaame, merisaame sekä rekisteri, jota kutsun koltansaame-merisaame -rekisteriksi. Kaksi ensimmäistä rekisteriä sisältävät lyhyitä koodinupotuksia toisesta kielestä. Koltansaame-merisaame -rekisteri sisältää sekä kielioppia että sanastoa molemmista kielistä. Kutsun tätä kongruentiksi leksikalisaatioksi. Koska kielet ovat lähisukukieliä ja jakavat sekä perussanaston että paljon yhteisiä kieliopillisia rakenteita, puhuja voi täyttää kielten yhteiset kieliopilliset rakenteet molempien kielten sanastolla. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa kävi ilmi, että aineisto sisältää sekä äänteellisiä että kieliopillisia hybridimuotoja. Äänteelliset hybridimuodot sisältävät äänteellisiä piirteitä molemmista kielistä, kun taas kieliopillisissa hybridimuodoissa yhdestä kielestä peräisin olevaa sanaa on taivutettu toisen kielen mukaisesti.
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Juraga, Edo. "Staročakavski leksemi u pojedinim čakavskim govorima." Croatica et Slavica Iadertina, no. 4 (January 18, 2017): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/csi.418.
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U radu se obrađuje sudbina pojedinih izvornih čakavskih leksema u suvremenim čakavskim govorima Murtera, Žirja, Zlarina, Vrgade i Sali na Dugom otoku. Na povijesnoj vjerometini, izloženi raznim stranim jezičnim utjecajima, mnogi izvorni čakavizmi su nestali. Danas se uslijed potpune promjene načina života i utjecajamedija proces potiskivanja i nestajanja izvornih čakavskih riječi, posebno iz živoga govora, nastavlja.
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Lončar, Nina. "Analiza prostora i stanja okoliša otoka Murtera primjenom modela DPSIR." Geoadria 15, no. 1 (January 11, 2017): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.545.
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The aim of the author has been to analyze the natural and socio-geographical components of Murter Island in order to get familiar with their characteristics which would be the basis for evaluating the current state of the environment and development possibilities of the Island. An integrated research model DPSIR (driving forces – pressures – states – impacts – responses) designed by the European Environmental Agency (EEA, 1999) was used to analyze the environment. The model consists of driving forces (D), pressures (P), states (S), impacts (I) and responses (R) on the current state of the environment, and enables the analysis and synthesis of causal relationships between human activities and environment, as well as impacts and responses to the environmental changes. Population and tourism have been selected as the main driving forces, but also as the major pressures on the environment. The pressure is reflects in the concentration of the population in the coastal zone, the number of tourists, the amount of waste, pollution of the sea and beaches during the tourist season in overloading the electrical networks et al.
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Sousa, João, and Octávio Mateus. "The southernmost occurrence of <i>Ichthyosaurus</i> from the Sinemurian of Portugal." Fossil Record 24, no. 2 (September 9, 2021): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-287-2021.
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Abstract. The ichthyosaur fossil record of Portugal is composed of specimens from the localities of São Pedro de Moel, Alhadas, Cadima, Murtede, Casal do Combo, Condeixa, Alvaiázere and Tomar, within the confines of the Lusitanian Basin, ranging in age from the Sinemurian to the Aalenian. We reviewed the historical ichthyosaur finds in Portugal, and in this work we focus on the specimen IST-MDT 85, from the Sinemurian of Praia de Nossa Senhora da Vitória, central west coast of Portugal. The specimen was herein ascribed to Ichthyosaurus cf. communis, based on characters of the humerus in comparison with other specimens. This is the southernmost documented occurrence of Ichthyosaurus, widening the geographical range of the genus.
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Nikkilä, O. "Review on: Eino Koponen, Eteläviron murteen sanaston alkuperä. Itämerensuomalaista etymologiaa, Helsinki 1998 (MSFOu 230)." Linguistica Uralica 37, no. 1 (2001): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/lu.2001.1.09.
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Ateljevic, Irena, and Stephen Doorne. "Unpacking the local: A cultural analysis of tourism entrepreneurship in Murter, Croatia." Tourism Geographies 5, no. 2 (January 2003): 123–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1461668032000068270.
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Filipi, Amos Rube. "Povijesno-geografska obilježja Žutsko-sitske otočne skupine." Geoadria 11, no. 1 (January 11, 2017): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.103.
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The paper about Croatian Adriatic islands Žut and Sit and their pertaining islets comprehends the analysis of basic geographic (geomorphologic, climatic, biogeographic, economic-geographic, anthropogeographic) characteristics of this part of Kornati insular group in the archipelago of Zadar. Special attention is paid to historical-geographical archival materials and to data about exploiting and colonization of these islands. Total land area makes 19.2 km2 (28.3% land surface of Kornati). Nowadays without permanent population, this insular group had significance of pasture, olive growing and fishing zone in millenary evaluation and exploitation, which was carried out by proprietary families from Zadar and, in the recent centuries, by islanders from Murter and other neighbouring islands. Analytical reference to geographic characteristics through time is specially important these days i.e. at the beginning of the 21st century, when the whole insular group of Kornati is being cadastrally and landowning redefined.
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Palander, Marjatta, and Helka Riionheimo. "Miten Raja-Karjalan murre eroaa suomesta?" Sananjalka 60, no. 60. (December 17, 2018): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30673/sja.69997.
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Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan kuuntelutestimenetelmää käyttäen ei-lingvistien havaintoja karjalan kielestä. Kohderyhmänä on 31 rajakarjalaistaustaista pohjoiskarjalaista, jotka edustavat karjalankielisiä siirtokarjalaisia tai heidän jälkeläisiään. He ovat syntyneet v. 1917–1969, ja heidän sukunsa ovat olleet kotoisin Ilomantsin itäkylistä, Suojärveltä, Suistamolta, Impilahdelta tai Salmista. Testissä he kuuntelivat lyhyen eteläkarjalaismurteen näytteen, josta heidän tehtävänään oli arvioida, miltä osin näytteen kieli vastasi heidän lähtöperheidensä karjalan kieltä ja miten se poikkesi Pohjois-Karjalan murteesta eli itäisistä savolaismurteista.
Kuuntelutesti osoittautui monelle osallistujalle vaikeaksi: 31:stä kahdeksan ei eritellyt näytteestä yhtään kielenpiirrettä. Silti ero Pohjois-Karjalan nykymurteeseen yleensä tunnistettiin ja näytettä kuvailtiin yleisluonteisesti. Eniten huomiota kiinnitettiin fonologisiin piirteisiin, kaikkein yleisimmin affrikaattaan (iče ’itse’). Myös jälkitavujen h (järkieh ’heti’), astevaihtelusuhde st : ss (muišša ’muista’) ja ensi tavun aa:n tai ää:n diftongiutuminen (hoaššettih, piässä) kuuluivat piirteisiin, joita jäljiteltiin tai kuvailtiin yleisimmin. Morfologisiin, sanastollisiin ja syntaktisiin piirteisiin huomio kiintyi harvemmin, mutta eräillä oli tarkkoja havaintoja mm. suomesta poikkeavasta sanajärjestyksestä.
Testiin osallistujat hahmottivat kuulemiaan karjalan piirteitä eri tavoin. Näytteessä esiintyviä muotoja saatettiin tuottaa Pohjois-Karjalan murteen mukaisina, hyperdialektaalisina tai yleiskielisinä, mikä kertoo siitä, että karjala ei enää ole äidinkieli tai aktiivisesti käytössä. Runsas puolet osallistujista toisti kuitenkin ainakin osan muodoista sellaisina, kuin karjalainen puhuja ne tuotti. Noin kolmasosa mainitsi muotoja, joita näyte ei sisältänyt.
Nuorimmat, 1950–1960-luvuilla syntyneet, poimivat karjalaispiirteitä eniten, mutta vanhemmille näyte saattoi palauttaa mieleen karjalankielisiä ilmauksia ja fraaseja, ja heidän karjalan kielen taitonsa näytti aktivoituvan rajakarjalaismurteen kuulemisesta. Verrattaessa kuuntelutestin tuloksia saman testiryhmän karjala-imitaatioihin on nähtävissä, että ryhmän vanhimmat jäsenet eivät välttämättä eritelleet näytteen kielenpiirteitä mutta he tuottivat pitkiäkin imitaatioita. Testin perusteella voidaan varovasti olettaa, että karjalan kieli on jokseenkin tuttua vielä siirtolaisten lasten ja lastenlastenkin keskuudessa ja sen taitaminen olisi aktivoitavissa, mikäli tilaisuuksia kuulla ja puhua karjalaa olisi enemmän.
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Dolenec, Matej, Petra Žvab, Goran Mihelčić, Živana Lambaša Belak, Sonja Lojen, Goran Kniewald, Tadej Dolenec, and Nastja Rogan Šmuc. "Use of stable nitrogen isotope signatures of anthropogenic organic matter in the coastal environment: The case study of the Kosirina Bay (Murter Island, Croatia)." Geologia Croatica 64, no. 2 (2011): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4154/gc.2011.12.
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Vrdoljak, Ljerka. "Comparison and Analysis of Publicly Available Bathymetry Models in the East Adriatic Sea." Naše more 68, no. 2 (March 2021): 110–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/nm/2021/2.7.
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In this paper the latest versions of six publicly available bathymetry models: DTU10bat, EMODnet 2018, ETOPO1, GEBCO 2020, Smith and Sandwell V20.1 and SRTM15+ V.2.1. are compared and evaluated in the area of continental shelf of Croatia settled along well intended east Adriatic coast. Survey data in the area is not available through open access data bases, but publicly accessible in agreement with data holders (hydrographic institute, research centres and industry). These grids provide alternative sources of information about seafloor topography. Marine researchers should be acquainted with the main characteristics as well as pros and cons of bathymetry models in order to choose the best one for a specific purpose. In this paper the most important characteristics and information about grids are presented: resolution, coverage, release date, horizontal and vertical datum, data source, registration method, producer and link to website with an emphasis on the underlying source data. The underlying source data is one of the most important parameters that determine the quality of the bathymetric model. Hypsometry curve that is describing the area distribution of depth is calculated for each bathymetry model over the test area of the east Adriatic. For pixel to pixel comparison, grids were resampled to same one-minute resolution and absolute differences between models are calculated in identical points. Absolute differences between models show level of mutual compatibility between models as well as areas of highest disagreements that indicate the presence of outliers or systematic errors within models. In order to demonstrate how well publicly available bathymetry models fit the true topography of the sea floor, grids were compared to high-resolution digital bathymetry model interpolated from the multibeam survey in the area of Murter Sea. This paper should assist in the choice of a most suited bathymetry grid in future maritime studies in the Adriatic.
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Mielikäinen, Aila. "Agricolan Rukouskirjan yhtyys." Sananjalka 61, no. 61 (November 26, 2019): 130–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30673/sja.79843.
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Vanhassa kirjasuomessa on ollut kaikkiaan viisi yksi-kantaista ominaisuudennimijohdosta. Nykykieleen niistä ovat säilyneet vain yhteys ja ykseys. Varhaisin ja yleisin on yhteys, joka saattaa olla tietoisesti luotu johdos. Sitä on ilmeisesti tarvittu kirkollisen kielen termistössä jo ennen Agricolaa, ja siitä on tullut eräänlainen yleisvariantti. Agricolasta lähtien sen rinnalla on joskus käytetty murteiden pitkävokaalista johdosta yhtyys tai tämän alkuperäisempää lyhytvokaalista varianttia (yhdys :) yhtye-. 1500- ja 1600-luvun teksteissä esiintyy muutaman kerran yksyys, mutta vain yhdyssanassa kolm(i)yksyys. 1700-luvulla, siis melko myöhään, tuli kirjasuomeen vielä uudissana ykseys.
Johdostyyppien vaihtelu ilmentää murteen ja kirjakielen eroja ja ennen kaikkea yksi-kantaisen termistön tarvetta teologisessa ja lainopillisessa erikoiskielessä. Varianttien valintaa ovat jossain määrin ohjailleet semanttiset ja kontekstuaaliset syyt. Yhteydellä on monia eri merkityksiä abstraktista (esim. ’ykseys’) konkreettiseen (esim. ’yhteisö’). Yhtyys on ollut osin yhteyden synonyymi, mutta sitä on käytetty ei-teologisissa konteksteissa, varsinkin murteista omaksutussa ilmauksessa pitää yhtyyttä ’olla tekemisissä, kanssakäymisissä, sukupuoliyhteydessä’. Yksyys ja ykseys ovat puolestaan kokonaan kirkollisen kielen uudismuodosteita.
Yhtyys esiintyy jo Agricolan teoksissa, mutta vain kerran, kun muuten Agricola on käyttänyt johdonmukaisesti yhteys-varianttia. Yhtyys kuuluu ilmaukseen, joka poikkeaa semanttisesti ja syntaktisesti sanan muusta käytöstä: nijn swresta ychtyxesta hywydhesta (Rukouskirja 1544). Tässä kontekstissa sen voi tulkita vain hyvyys-johdoksen attribuutiksi eli yhteinen-adjektiivin vastineeksi: ’niin suuresta yhteisestä hyvyydestä’. Agricolan teksteissä on joitakin muita samansisältöisiä ilmauksia, joissa hyvyyksiä eli ’(Jumalan) lahjoja’ kuvataan yhteisiksi.
Ominaisuudennimien adjektiivinen käyttö tunnetaan murteista ja sukukielistä mitan ilmauksissa: polven korkeus ’polven korkuinen’, kämmenen leveys ’kämmenen levyinen’ (samoin paksuus, pituus, suuruus, syvyys). Ilmaustyyppi on tavallinen myös vanhassa kirjasuomessa, sillä ominaisuudennimistä johdetut ekvatiiviadjektiivit tulivat kirjakieleen vasta 1700-luvulla. Ominaisuudennimet ovat tästä syystä olleet syntaktisesti monipuolisemmassa käytössä, esimerkiksi Ljungo 1601 kynärän pituella kaidickalla [’kalikalla’], Lizelius 1776 cohtuesa [: kohdus] vedesä ’sopivassa vedessä’. Kohtuus-johdosta on käytetty mitanilmausten tavoin, ja Agricola on soveltanut vastaavaa ilmaisutapaa myös yhtyyteen,
Yhtyyden adjektiivista tulkintaa tukee vielä se, että Ganander on muokannut Hemmingin runomittaisesta tekstistä sanakirjaansa 1787 lause-esimerkin, jossa Jumalaa määrittää kolmyksyys: kolmyxydestä Jumalasta. Tästä ominaisuudennimestä ei ole kuitenkaan sana-artikkelia tai hakusanaa, vaan Ganander on sijoittanut esimerkin hakusanaan kolmyhteinen l. kolmiyhteinen l. kolmiyxynen. Kolm(i)yksyistä hänen sanakirjassaan ei ole muualla eikä siitä ole tietoa muustakaan vanhasta kirjasuomesta. Sen täytyy siis olla Gananderin teorioima ja abstrahoima hakusana adjektiivisesti käytetylle kolmyksyydelle.
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Forsberg, Hannele, and Milla Uusitupa. "Yksikön 2. persoonan avoimen käytön levikki ja yleisyys suomen murteissa." Sananjalka 62, no. 62 (October 30, 2020): 7–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30673/sja.91124.
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Asiasanat: avoin viittaus, yksikön 2. persoona, imperatiivi, suomen murteet
TiivistelmäYksikön 2. persoonan avoimen käytön levikki ja yleisyys suomen murteissa
Tutkimus käsittelee yksikön 2. persoonan avointa käyttöä suomen murteissa. Avoimilla yksikön 2. persoonan lauseilla ei viitata spesifisti kuulijaan tai kehenkään muuhunkaan vaan kuvataan yleistävästi inhimillisen toimijan kokemusta jossakin tilanteessa. Artikkeli edustaa murremaantieteellistä ja funktionaalista murresyntaksin tutkimusta.Tutkimuksen aineisto käsittää 579 avointa yksikön 2. persoonan lausetta, jotka on kerätty tekstikonteksteineen Lauseopin arkistosta ja suuresta joukosta pääosin 1950–70-luvuilla tallennettuja kielennäytteitä. Yhteensä erilaisia murreaineistoja on käyty läpi noin 521 tuntia. Ilmaustyyppiä käytetään siis haastatteluaineistossa hyvin harvoin. Aineistoesiintymistä 304 on indikatiivi-, konditionaali- ja potentiaalimuotoisia Y2-lauseita ja 275 imperatiivimuotoisia IMP-lauseita. Sekä Y2- että IMP-lauseet jakautuvat edelleen useammiksi muodoltaan ja käyttöfunktioiltaan eriytyneiksi lausekonstruktioiksi.
Tutkimusaineiston ulkopuolelle on rajattu muodoltaan tai merkitykseltään epäselvät tai monitulkintaiset tapaukset sekä erilaiset yksikön 2. persoonan verbinmuotojen kiteymät ja partikkelistumat. Erilaisia rajatapauksia on kuitenkin paljon ja raja yhtäältä avoimen ja spesifin tulkinnan, toisaalta viittaavan ja kiteytyneen verbinmuodon välillä on liukuva. Yksikön 2. persoonan muotoisen lauseen tulkinta avoimeksi on selvintä silloin, kun puhe on vanhoista asioista, joista ainoastaan haastateltavalla on ensikäden tietoa. Puhehetkeen tai tulevaan viittaavien lausumien kohdalla raja avoimen ja spesifin tulkinnan välillä voi sen sijaan olla tulkinnanvaraisempi, ja monitulkintaisuutta on myös referointijaksoissa. Tulkintavihjeinä voivat toimia paitsi kontekstuaaliset tekijät (tieto puhetilanteesta, sen osallistujista ja puheenaiheesta) myös lauseen muoto- ja merkityspiirteiden konventionaalisuus. Esimerkiksi eräät interrogatiivi- ja imperatiivilausetyypit ovat eriytyneet spesifille puhuteltavalle osoitetuista kysymyksistä ja direktiiveistä konstruktioiksi, jotka ovat tunnistettavissa sekä muodoltaan että käyttöfunktioltaan.
Tulokset osoittavat, että yksikön 2. persoonan avoin käyttö on suomen murteissa itäinen piirre. Y2-lauseiden käyttö (no ko et tuntent ni sait istuu vaik koko päivä siin tuolil) on selvästi yleisintä kaakkoismurteissa, erityisesti inkerinsuomessa. Lisäksi Y2-lauseita esiintyy peräpohjalaismurteissa, Kainuun, Pohjois-Karjalan ja Savonlinnan seudun savolaismurteissa sekä vähemmissä määrin muissa savolaismurteissa ja kaakkoishämäläisissä murteissa. Inkerinsuomen puhujat käyttävät Y2-lauseita murrehaastatteluissa keskimäärin 13,6 kertaa tunnissa; Suomen kaakkoismurteiden puhujilla luku on 2,6/t ja peräpohjalaismurteiden puhujilla 1,2/t. Muiden murteiden aineistoissa esiintymiä on harvemmin kuin kerran kahdessa tunnissa. Eteläpohjalaismurteista ei ole yhtään esiintymää, ja lounaismurteissa, lounaisissa välimurteissa ja keski- ja pohjoispohjalaisissa murteissa ilmaisukeinon käyttö on hyvin harvinaista. Avoimissa Y2-lauseissa ei tavallisesti käytetä pronominisubjektia, mutta pronominia esiintyy jonkin verran kielialueen äärilaidoilla inkerinsuomessa ja Pohjois-Norjassa puhutuissa suomen murteissa.
Imperatiivilauseiden avoimen käytön levikki eroaa eräiltä osin avointen Y2-lauseiden levikistä. IMP-lauseiden (ee muuta kum piästäk kalat poes, ja muuta’ aena sittem paekkoo tuas toeseem paekkaa) käyttöalue ei painotu yhtä selvästi kaakkoon kuin Y2-lauseiden, vaan kaakkoismurteiden lisäksi siihen kuuluu savolaismurteet ja niistä erityisesti pohjoisimmat ja itäisimmät. Pohjois-Savon murrehaastatteluissa IMP-lauseita esiintyy keskimäärin 1,7, Suomen kaakkoismurteissa 1,6, inkerinsuomessa 1,5, Kainuussa 1,2 ja Pohjois-Karjalan ja Savonlinnan seudun murteissa 0,8 kertaa tunnissa. Lounaismurteissa, lounaisissa välimurteissa ja eteläpohjalaisissa murteissa IMP-lauseidenkin käyttö on hyvin harvinaista ja rajoittuu lähinnä sananlaskumaisiin neuvoihin tai ohjeisiin. Muissa murteissa IMP-lauseiden esiintymistiheys vaihtelee välillä 0,5–0,2/t. Sekä Y2- että IMP-lauseiden käyttö näyttää olevan kuitenkin vahvasti myös idiolektikohtainen piirre, ja samalta murrealueeltakin kotoisin olevien puhujien välillä on huomattavia eroja.
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"05/00962 Accumulation and mixing of hydrocarbons in oil fields along the Murteree Ridge, Eromanga Basin, South Australia." Fuel and Energy Abstracts 46, no. 3 (May 2005): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6701(05)80967-1.
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Čače, Slobodan. "Plinije o otocima Južne Liburnije." Radovi. Razdio povijesnih znanosti 34, no. 21 (May 3, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/radovipov.2235.
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O južnolibumskim otocima i obalnom pojasu Plinije govori na dva mjesta: Nat. hist. 3, 140-141 i 152. Oba mjesta su predmetom rasprave zbog različitih lekcija i teškoća oko točnog tumačenja. Autor najprije razmatra pitanje otoka Colentum (Nat. hist. 3, 140), dokazujući da navedene udaljenosti od Jadera (30 rim. milja) i ušća Krke (Titius fl., 18 rim. milja) točno odgovaraju otoku Murteru (s libumsko- rimskim gradom Colentum na Gradini iznad luke Hramina u selu Murter). Udaljenost 18 milja od Colentuma do ušća Krke mjerena je kroz tjesnac između otoka Murtera i kopna koji je u antici morao biti plovan. Emendacija XVIII (rukopisi) > XLIII (C. Müller) je suvišna. Autor također pokazuje da distance Iader - Colentum - ostium Titii valja povezati s podatkom o udaljenosti Skardone od mora (12 milja uzvodno Krkom: 3, 141). To je jedino određenje smještaja Skardone u Plinija, a ostvaruje se preko Jadera, koji je višestruko uklopljen u sustav distanci na Jadranu. Prema tome razmatrano mjesto u Plinija treba glasiti: Rursus in continente colonia Iader quae a Pola CLX abest, inde XXX Colentum insula, XVIII ostium Titii fluminis.Daljnji problem je Plinijev spomen otoka Lissa koji je contra Iader (3, 152). Pregled uporabe izraza contra X (est) insula Y u Plinija pokazuje da Lissa može biti samo otok koji je stvarno nasuprot Zadru - Ugljan (možda zajedno s Pašmanom, s kojim je nekada bio spojen).Autor smatra da je kolonija Iader morala dobiti važno mjesto u rimskoj kartografiji (Agripa), što je našlo odraza u drugim vrelima, počam od Plinija.Također se razmatraju razna druga pitanja u vezi s otocima južne Libumije u antici.
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Skračić, Tomislav. "Čitaonica u Murteru." Radovi. Razdio historije, arheologije i historije umjetnosti 14, no. 6 (May 6, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/radovihahu.1934.
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Od niza odlučujućih pojedinosti koje su prethodile osnivanju murterske čitaonice pouzdano je zabilježena samo ona koju opisuje zadarski II Nazionale. U svom broju od 16. kolovoza 1865. taj list donosi omanji dopis iz Tijesna (Stretto) sjedišta općine kojoj je tada pripadao Murter. Dopisom se izvješćuje redakciju lista o povoljnom ishodu izbora za općinski consiglio. Izvještač likuje nad nedoumicom načelnika, signora Cervelle koji, videći među trideset i šest odbornika 29 crvenih kapa, nije mogao do upitati vijeće »in quale lingua si dovessero tenere le sedute«. Manjina (sedmorica »antinazionali«) je bila puna gorčine kad se začuo odgovor dvadesetdevetorice, »un grido, un acclamazione sola... ii naški«. Poklikom »naški«, završava pisac članka, »sankcionirana je naša slavenština kao jezik vijeća«.
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Skračić, Vladimir. "Prezimena mjesta Murtera." Radovi. Razdio filoloških znanosti 37, no. 27 (April 18, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/radovifilo.1668.
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Mjesto Murter je jedno od najvećih ruralnih naselja na jadranskim otocima. Prvi se put u arhivskoj građi spominje 1285. pod imenom Srimač. Prezimena o kojim je riječ u ovome radu potvrđena su u arhivskoj građi, autorskim djelima i na terenu od 14. st. do danas. Autor osim popisa svih dostupnih prezimena u svim epohama donosi i prikaz njihova nastanka, distribucije i značenja. Temeljna obilježja murterskog prezimenskog korpusa su: veliki broj autohtonih prezimena, veliki broj nositelja "starih" prezimena s jedne strane i veliki broj novih prezimena s malim brojem nositelja (gotovo sva kao posljedica litoralizacije u posljednih tridesetak godina). Romanski element, iznimno dobro potvrđen na mnogim jadranskim točkama (osobito u gradovima), gotovo da ne igra nikakvu ulogu u murterskoj imenskoj formuli. Daleko je važniji onaj (pretežito hrvatski) koji je pod pritiskom različitih okolnosti u prošlosti doseljen na otok. Ovo tumačimo činjenicom da su djelatnosti kojima se bavilo alohtono (osobito romansko stanovništvo) na otoku i u mjestu bile slabo razvijene ili nepostojeće (pomorstvo, ribarstvo, trgovina, obrti), te time da je pokretljivost stanovništva bila iznimno slaba. U istom smislu valja tumačiti, na semantičkoj razini, pomankanje u motivaciji onih impulsa koji su vezani za ove djelatnosti, a značajnu motivacijsku potvrđenost onih koji su vezani za zemlju, prirodni svijet i težačke djelatnosti.
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Korhonen, Mikko. "Pekka Sammallahti Norjansaamen Itä-Enontekiön murteen äänneoppi." Finnisch-Ugrische Forschungen 1979, no. 43 (February 7, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.33339/fuf.110151.
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Skračić, Vladimir. "Neke značajke Kornatske toponimije." Radovi. Razdio filoloških znanosti 24, no. 14 (April 18, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/radovifilo.1654.
Full textAbstract:
Kornatsko je otočje po svom smještaju, geomorfologiji i tipu nastanjenosti jedinstvena otočka skupina na Jadranu. Tragovi čovjekova prisustva u ovom prostoru datiraju još iz neolita. Potopljeni ribnjaci, vivariji i solane govore da se već u doba Rimljana u Kornatima vodila živa ekonomsku aktivnost, U XVII st. oni su uz Hvar i Vis najznačajniji ribolovni akvatorij na Jadranu, prvenstveno zahvaljujući Salima koje se kao ribarsko središte spominje još u ranom srednjem vijeku. II XVII st. Vlasnici kornatskih pašnjaka dovode u Kornate kao kolone stanovnike s otoka Murtera, tako da se od 1627. u Kornatima nalaze dva tipa stanovništva: na velikim otocima (Kornnt, Zut, Sita) težaci i pastiri — s Murtera, a na moru i uz male oloke — ribari iz Sali. Ova dva stanovništva praktički ne dolaze u dodir jer je svako orijentirano na isvoju aktivnost i na »svoje« geografsko područje, što će odlučujuće utjecati na konstituiranje kornatske toponimije. Stalna nastanjenost kornatskog kopna osiguravala je kontinuirano prenošenje loponomastičkih informacija, pa je ova toponimija stabilna, bez oscilacija i varijanata u nazivima. Suprotno tome, toponimija malih otoka i priobalja izložena je raznim imenodavcima, ribarima sa svih strana, koji nisu mogli zbog nedovoljne prisutnosti osigurati stalnost prenošenja naziva. Stoga su različiti nazivi za isti geografski objekat na ovom terenu gotovo pravilo. Druga značajna pojava koju susrećemo u Kornatima je proces toponimizacije apelativa. Toponomastičke imenice u različitim kontekstima, zavisno od potrebe za identifikacijom, postaju toponimi. Ukoliko se nalaze u blizini kornatskih naselja ili mjesta značajne ekonomske aktivnosti, oni to i ostaju. Drugi, udaljeni od takvih mjesta, ponovno se vraćaju u dotoponimijsko stanje.
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Mantila, Harri, and Matti Leiviskä. "Onko Etelä-Pohjanmaan murteessa rautakautisia jälkiä?" Virittäjä 121, no. 2 (June 16, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.23982/vir.59655.
Full textAbstract:
On vanhastaan tunnettua, että Etelä-Pohjanmaan murteessa esiintyy arkaismeja, jotka ovat vieraita muille suomen länsimurteille. Tässä artikkelissa analysoidaan yhdeksän arkaistisen eteläpohjalaisen piirteen levikkiä ja historiaa ja suhteutetaan niitä tämänhetkiseen arkeologiseen tietoon Etelä-Pohjanmaan asutuksesta. Tulos on, että useat näistä piirteistä ovat tunnettuja savolaismurteissa, karjalan kielessä ja jopa vepsässä. Eteläpohjalais-savolais-karjalaisia yhteisiä piirteitä ovat esimerkiksi otti(j)a-tyyppiset monikon 2. persoonan alkuperäiset imperfektimuodot. Vepsään saakka ulottuvat Ut-nominien si-aineksiset monikkovartalot, esimerkiksi neittysillen, vepsän regusid (’kelkkoja’). Murteen snA ~ hnA -päätteinen inessiivi on tunnettu vain etelävirossa, ja saita-tyyppiset monikon 2. persoonan verbinmuodot ovat itämerensuomalaisella kielialueella tuntemattomia. Nämä kaksi piirrettä ovat siis ilmeisesti vieläkin vanhempia ja näyttäisivät edellyttävän myöhäiskantasuomalaista tai jopa vanhempaa kantakielivaihetta.
Tutkittujen piirteiden levikki- ja historiatietoja verrataan artikkelissa arkeologien nykynäkemyksiin, joiden mukaan pohjoiskantasuomalainen tai muinaishämäläinen vaikutus ylsi rautakauden lopussa Etelä-Pohjanmaalle, Savoon Mikkelin seudulle sekä muinaiskarjalaisille alueille – jopa vepsään saakka. Tämän ajattelun mukaan Etelä-Pohjanmaan murteen arkaistiset piirteet periytyisivät tästä samasta kantakielivaiheesta ja kertoisivat murteen rautakautisesta kerrostumasta.
Etelä-Pohjanmaalla on vanhastaan tiedetty olleen vahva asutus jo rautakauden alussa (500 eKr.). Sen on kuitenkin ajateltu tuhoutuneen viikinkiaikaan eli noin vuoteen 800 jKr. mennessä, ja alueen murteen on oletettu syntyneen 1000-luvun ensimmäisinä vuosisatoina Hämeestä ja Varsinais-Suomesta tulleen uuden asutuksen myötä. Nykyisin ajatellaan, että Etelä-Pohjanmaan asutus säilyi rautakauden läpi, joskin köyhtyneenä. Artikkelin päähuomio on, että arkeologian nykytulokset mahdollistavat sen tulkinnan, että mainitut arkaismit ovat jo rautakaudella Etelä-Pohjanmaalle levinneen kielimuodon reliktejä. Samoin voidaan ajatella, että kielitiede tukee arkeologien näkemystä Etelä-Pohjanmaan asutuksen jatkuvuudesta läpi rautakauden.
Iron-Age evidence in the Southern Ostrobothnian dialect of Finnish
It has long been recognised within the field of Fennistic research that the Southern Ostrobothnian dialect contains archaic features that are unknown in other western Finnish dialects. In this article, the writers analyse the spread and history of nine such features in the light of recent archaeological research. One significant finding is that many of these features are already familiar from the dialects of Savo, the Karelian language and even Vepsian. Examples of common features found in the dialects of Souther-n Ostrobothnia and Savo, as well as in Karelian, are original 2nd person plural imperfect forms such as otti(j)a (’you took’). One common feature of Vepsian is a plural stem with -si for Ut nouns such as neittysillen (’to the maids’) and the Vepsian regusid (plural partitive for ’sleigh’). The inessive ending snA ~ hnA is known only in South Estonian, and 2nd person plural verb forms such as saita (’you got’) are not known at all in Finnic. It appears, therefore, that these two features are even older, and seem to descend from late Proto-Finnic or earlier still.
This article compares the spread and history of the features analysed to the view of contemporary archaeological scholarship, which contends that by the end of the Iron Age the influence of Northern Proto-Finnic or Ancient Häme (Tavastian) had reached Southern Ostrobothnia, the region of Mikkeli in Savo, ancient Karelian areas and even all the way to Vepsian-speaking regions. Accordingly, the archaic features of the Souther-n Ostrobothnian dialect would have descended from the same phase of the proto-language and are thus an indication of remnant Iron-Age layers in the dialect.
It has long been known that settlements were common throughout Southern Ostro-bothnia from the beginning of the Iron Age (500 BC). However, it has previously been thought that these settlements were destroyed during the Viking period in approximately the 8th century, and it was assumed that the local dialect was created in the first centuries after the year 1000 as a result of new settlements arriving from Häme (Tavastia) and Southwest Finland. However, it is now widely accepted that, though they were greatly impoverished, settlements in Southern Ostrobothnia existed throughout the Iron Age. The primary observation of this article is that present archaeological eviden-ce allows scholars to view the aforementioned archaic features as relics of a language form which spread to Southern Ostrobothnia during the Iron Age. Similarly, the writers contend that Fennistics can now support the archaeological view regarding the continuity of Southern Ostrobothnian settlements throughout the Iron Age.
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Hermo, Roni. "Median porilaisrepresentaatiot porilaisuuden kuvaajina." Sananjalka 64, no. 64 (December 8, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.30673/sja.115598.
Full textAbstract:
Murrebuumin myötä monenlaiset murretta käyttävät sarjakuvasankarit ja sketsihahmot ovat muodostuneet lehtien ja television vakiokasvoiksi. Tällaisilla hahmoilla on suuri vaikutus ihmisten murretta ja murteenpuhujia koskeviin asenteisiin. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena onkin selvittää, millaista kuvaa Porista, porilaisuudesta ja porilaisesta kielenkäytöstä erilaiset median representaatiot rakentavat ja millaisia tekijöidensä metapragmaattisia kommentteja representaatiot porilaisuudesta ovat. Aineistona ovat pilapiirtäjä Pieruperseen porilaispiirrokset, Porilaine-lehden piirrohahmo Mäkynen, Putous-tv-sarjan sketsihahmo Salme Pasi sekä Pulkkinen-sketsisarjan hahmo Porilainen taparikollinen. Analyysimenetelminä ovat sisällönanalyysi ja multimodaalinen diskurssianalyysi. Tutkimuksen tulos on, että porilaiset, Porin murretta käyttävät hahmot esitetään aineistossa kuudella tavalla: muutosvastaisina, nurkkakuntaisina, viinaan menevinä, väkivaltaisina, suorapuheisina ja töykeinä sekä hiljaisina. Näin ollen representaatiot rakentavat ja toistavat porilaisiin ja Porin murteeseen aiemminkin liitettyjä ominaisuuksia. Ominaisuudet ovat pääosin negatiivisia ja yhdistyvät myös yleisesti suomalaisuuteen liitettyjen negatiivisten ominaisuuksien kanssa. Näitä ominaisuuksia ilmennetään ennen kaikkea representaatioissa esiintyvien hahmojen puheen sisällön mutta lisäksi myös visuaalisten elementtien avulla. Ominaisuudet muodostavat porilaisdiskurssin, joka yhdessä Porin murteen käytön kanssa toimii porilaisuuden sosiaalisena indeksinä. Porilaisrepresentaatiot ovat tekijöidensä metapragmaattisia kommentteja siitä, millaista porilaisuus ja porilaisdiskurssi heistä on. Näiden kommenttien kautta porilaisuuteen ja Porin murteeseen liitetyt ominaisuudet elävät ja siirtyvät eteenpäin ihmisten mielissä paitsi porilaisuuden sosiaalisina indekseinä myös kulttuuriperintönä. Suuren yleisön keskuudessa tunnetut porilaisrepresentaatiot voidaankin nähdä kulttuuriperinnön aloitteentekijöinä, jotka osaltaan vaikuttavat suuresti siihen, millainen kuva Porin murteesta ja porilaisista ihmisille muodostuu. Median vaikutus ihmisten murreasenteisiin on kaiken kaikkiaan merkittävä.
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Brusić, Zdenko. "Ranosrednjovjekovni nalazi iz hrvatskog podmorja." Archaeologia Adriatica 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/archeo.1031.
Full textAbstract:
I will use the opportunity in the fourth number of the Archaeologia Adriatica journal which is dedicated to my friend and colleague J. Belošević to pay attention to the finds which were found at the sea bottom as a consequence of various shipwrecks or as discarded or lost objects in the Early Middle Ages period when Croatian state developed and existed. Monuments from this period belong to rich scope of the study and research of my colleague J. Belošević. In this case by underwater finds I refer to a specific category of monuments that I have already written about, and which can be dated to the mentioned period on the basis of analogies. Namely these are amphorae which exhibit considerable differences regarding their size, i.e. capacity from the earlier types dated from the 5th to 7th centuries. These Byzantine amphorae, as they are usually referred to, have characteristic massive handles which are usually higher than the vessel's opening whereas base of the amphora is oval in shape, without pointed end characteristic of the earlier amphorae. Forms are usually piriform or ovoid, and their height usually does not exceed 40 cm. Remains of a shipwreck with amphorae of this type were discovered near the island of Mljet in the mid-1970s and the site had already been devastated. I discovered another site with the remains of the Byzantine amphorae and some other objects in the sea in front of the Ždrijac site in the vicinity of Nin when I was working as a curator of a regional archaeological collection in Nin in the 1960s. Byzantine amphorae were also found in 1995 in the Bay of Pijan in Savudrija where rescue underwater archaeological excavations of an important ancient port near Aquileia were undertaken due to building and extending a quay. Great part of the remaining amphorae which I present in this paper are older finds without exact data about the findspot and circumstances of discovery, such as the upper segment of an amphora from Umag or an oblong amphora with large handles which are significantly higher than its opening from Poreč (presently in the Regional Museum in Poreč). Three almost identical amphorae have piriform bodies and massive handles with a triangular cross-section which are higher than the amphora's opening. One of them was found near the island of Žut long time ago, presently it is in the Šibenik City Museum, the second was taken out of the sea in a fishing net between the islands of Silba and Olib, and the third one is from the Trogir port. There are several more amphorae corresponding to these finds: upper segment of an amphora from Ždrijac in Nin and two somewhat larger amphorae, one of which was found near the island of Ošljak near Zadar long ago (presently in the Archaeological Museum in Zadar) and the other from the Kovačić collection on the island of Hvar. A larger segment of a smaller oblong amphora of the similar shape was found in the 1970s near the island of Vela Arta near Murter. An upper segment of an amphora with a distinct neck and opening and large massive handles with triangular cross-section was found in the sea near the cape of Gospa od Gradine in Rogoznica, presently also in the Šibenik City Museum. We also need to mention finds from the port of Hvar found in 1991 and amphorae from the churches of St. Michael in Ston, St. George on the island of Vis and St. Barbara in Trogir. Underwater explorations along the Asia Minor coastline and in the Black Sea brought to light similar examples of amphorae on the basis of which N. Günsenin and Ch. Bakirtzis created a chronology, classifying them into several types dated from the 9th to 13th centuries. For an amphora from the collection of the Franciscan Monastery on the island of Krapanj we can find closer analogies, and probably also production centers on Peloponnesus. Without individual analysis of each of our amphorae, we can easily notice difference in the height of the handles which are often higher than the amphora's opening. Other evident differences include size and forms of amphorae as well as their diversity in relation to amphorae from the same period found in Turkish/Pontic region and the remaing part of the Balkans. These insights about the typological differences between our amphorae and the aforementioned ones in the Asia Minor region open up possibilities for hypothesizing about other, possibly local workshop centers in the area of today's Albanian littoral or the rest of the eastern Adriatic coast. All together, our coast shows the most impressive picture of maritime trade in the early medieval period on the basis of density of finds of the mentioned amphorae. Trade with glass products was also present in this period along our coast as indicated by the remains of a shipwreck near Cape Stoba on the island of Mljet where a certain amount of glass sets was found together with amphorae. Some of complete glass items found on a shipwreck near Serçe Limani can be related to some finds from the terrestrial sites on the basis of analogies, such as a glass flask from the grave (no. 322) at the great necropolis from Ždrijac in Nin which can be related to the workshop centres of the eastern Mediterranean since similar flask was found on the shipwreck from Serçe Limani in Turkey.