Academic literature on the topic 'Murine SIM'
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Journal articles on the topic "Murine SIM"
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Oh, Jun-Sung, and Eun-Jung Lee. "Enhanced Effect of Polyethyleneimine-Modified Graphene Oxide and Simvastatin on Osteogenic Differentiation of Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells." Biomedicines 9, no. 5 (May 2, 2021): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9050501.
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Statin derivatives traditionally have been used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, but recent studies have shown their ability to regulate bone metabolism and promote bone growth. In this study, simvastatin (Sim), a new therapeutic candidate for bone regeneration, was combined with graphene oxide (GO), which has recently attracted much interest as a drug delivery method, to produce a compound substance effective for bone regeneration. To create a stable and homogenous complex with Sim, GO was modified with polyethylenimine, and the effect of modification was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential, and cytotoxicity testing. More specifically, the osteogenic differentiation potential expected by the combination of the two effective materials for osteogenic differentiation, GO and Sim, was evaluated in mesenchymal stem cells. Compared with control groups with GO and Sim used separately, the GO/Sim complex showed excellent osteogenic differentiation properties, with especially enhanced effects in the complex containing < 1 μM Sim.
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Barbălată, Cristina Ioana, Alina Silvia Porfire, Alina Sesarman, Valentin-Florian Rauca, Manuela Banciu, Dana Muntean, Rareș Știufiuc, Alin Moldovan, Cristian Moldovan, and Ioan Tomuță. "A Screening Study for the Development of Simvastatin-Doxorubicin Liposomes, a Co-Formulation with Future Perspectives in Colon Cancer Therapy." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 10 (September 22, 2021): 1526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13101526.
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An increasing number of studies published so far have evidenced the benefits of Simvastatin (SIM) and Doxorubicin (DOX) co-treatment in colorectal cancer. In view of this, the current study aimed to investigate the pharmaceutical development of liposomes co-encapsulating SIM and DOX, by implementing the Quality by Design (QbD) concept, as a means to enhance the antiproliferative effect of the co-formulation on C26 murine colon cancer cells co-cultured with macrophages. It is known that the quality profile of liposomes is dependent on the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of liposomes (drug entrapped concentration, encapsulation efficiency, size, zeta potential, and drug release profile), which are, in turn, directly influenced by various formulation factors and processing parameters. By using the design of experiments, it was possible to outline the increased variability of CQAs in relation to formulation factors and identify by means of statistical analysis the material attributes that are critical (phospholipids, DOX and SIM concentration) for the quality of the co-formulation. The in vitro studies performed on a murine colon cancer cell line highlighted the importance of delivering the optimal drug ratio at the target site, since the balance antiproliferative vs. pro-proliferative effects can easily be shifted when the molar ratio between DOX and SIM changes.
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Moffett, P., M. Reece, and J. Pelletier. "The murine Sim-2 gene product inhibits transcription by active repression and functional interference." Molecular and Cellular Biology 17, no. 9 (September 1997): 4933–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.17.9.4933.
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The Drosophila single-minded (Dsim) gene encodes a master regulatory protein involved in cell fate determination during midline development. This protein is a member of a rapidly expanding family of gene products possessing basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) and hydrophobic PAS (designated a conserved region among PER, ARNT [aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator] and SIM) protein association domains. Members of this family function as central transcriptional regulators in cellular differentiation and in the response to environmental stimuli such as xenobiotics and hypoxia. We have previously identified a murine member of this family, called mSim-2, showing sequence homology to the bHLH and PAS domains of Dsim. Immunoprecipitation experiments with recombinant proteins indicate that mSIM-2 associates with the arnt gene product. In the present work, by using fine-structure mapping we found that the HLH and PAS motifs of both proteins are required for optimal association. Forced expression of GAL4/mSIM-2 fusion constructs in mammalian cells demonstrated the presence of two separable repression domains within the carboxy terminus of mSIM-2. We found that mSIM-2 is capable of repressing ARNT-mediated transcriptional activation in a mammalian two-hybrid system. This effect (i) is dependent on the ability of mSIM-2 and ARNT to heterodimerize, (ii) is dependent on the presence of the mSIM-2 carboxy-terminal repression domain, and (iii) is not specific to the ARNT activation domain. These results suggest that mSIM-2 repression activity can dominantly override the activation potential of adjacent transcription factors. We also demonstrated that mSIM-2 can functionally interfere with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha)/ARNT transcription complexes, providing a second mechanism by which mSIM-2 may inhibit transcription.
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Aitola, Marjo, Christine M. Sadek, Jan-Åke Gustafsson, and Markku Pelto-Huikko. "Aint/Tacc3 Is Highly Expressed in Proliferating Mouse Tissues During Development, Spermatogenesis, and Oogenesis." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 51, no. 4 (April 2003): 455–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215540305100407.
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Aint was originally identified on the basis of its interaction in vitro with the aryl hydrocarbon nuclear receptor translocator (Arnt). Arnt is a common heterodimerization partner in the basic helix-loop–helix (bHLH)-PER-ARNT-SIM (PAS) protein family and is involved in diverse biological functions. These include xenobiotic metabolism, hypoxic response, and circadian rhythm. In addition, Arnt has a crucial role during development. Aint is a member of a growing family of transforming acidic coiled-coil (TACC) proteins and is the murine homologue of human TACC3. Here we report the spatiotemporal expression of Tacc3 mRNA and protein in embryonic, postnatally developing, and adult mouse tissues using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. Tacc3 mRNA was highly expressed in proliferating cells of several organs during murine development. However, the only adult tissues expressing high levels were testis and ovary. Immunocytochemistry revealed that Tacc3 is a nuclear protein. Our results suggest that Tacc3 has an important role in murine development, spermatogenesis, and oogenesis.
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Ema, M., M. Morita, S. Ikawa, M. Tanaka, Y. Matsuda, O. Gotoh, Y. Saijoh, et al. "Two new members of the murine Sim gene family are transcriptional repressors and show different expression patterns during mouse embryogenesis." Molecular and Cellular Biology 16, no. 10 (October 1996): 5865–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.16.10.5865.
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From a cDNA library of mouse skeletal muscle, we have isolated mouse Sim1 (mSim1) cDNA encoding a polypeptide of 765 amino acids with striking amino acid identify in basic helix-loop-helix (89% identify) and PAS (89 % identify) domains to previously identified mSim2, although the carboxy-terminal third of the molecule did not show any similarity to mSim2 or Drosophila Sim (dSim). Yeast two-hybrid analysis and coimmunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that both of the mSim gene products interacted with Arnt even more efficiently than AhR, a natural partner of Arnt, suggesting a functional cooperativity with Arnt. In sharp contrast with dSim having transcriptional-enhancing activity in the carboxy-terminal region, the two mSims possessed a repressive activity toward Arnt in the heterodimer complex. This is the first example of bHLH-PAS proteins with transrepressor activity, although some genetic data suggest that dSim plays a repressive role in gene expression (Z. Chang, D. Price, S. Bockheim, M. J. Boedigheimer, R. Smith, and A. Laughon, Dev. Biol. 160:315-322, 1993; D. M. Mellerick and M. Nirenberg, Dev. Biol. 171:306-316, 1995). Whole-mount in situ hybridization showed restricted and characteristic expression patterns of the two mSim mRNAs in various tissues and organs during embryogenesis, such as those for the somite, the nephrogenic cord, and the mesencephalon (for mSim1) and those for the diencephalon, branchial arches, and limbs (for mSim2). From sequence similarity and chromosomal localization, it is concluded that mSim2 is an ortholog of hSim2, which is proposed to be a candidate gene responsible for Down's syndrome. The sites of mSim2 expression showed an overlap with the affected regions of the syndrome, further strengthening involvement of mSim2 in Down's syndrome.
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Aldhshan, Muhammad S., Gursagar Jhanji, Nicole J. Poritsanos, and Tooru M. Mizuno. "Glucose Stimulates Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Expression in Microglia through a GLUT5-Independent Mechanism." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 13 (June 25, 2022): 7073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137073.
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Feeding-regulating neurotrophic factors are expressed in both neurons and glial cells. However, nutritional regulation of anorexigenic glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and orexigenic mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) expression in specific cell types remains poorly understood. Hypothalamic glucose sensing plays a critical role in the regulation of food intake. It has been theorized that local glucose concentration modulates microglial activity partially via glucose transporter 5 (GLUT5). We hypothesized that an increased local glucose concentration stimulates GDNF expression while inhibiting MANF expression in the hypothalamus and microglia via GLUT5. The present study investigated the effect of glucose on Gdnf and Manf mRNA expression in the mouse hypothalamus and murine microglial cell line SIM-A9. Intracerebroventricular glucose treatment significantly increased Gdnf mRNA levels in the hypothalamus without altering Manf mRNA levels. Exposure to high glucose caused a significant increase in Gdnf mRNA expression and a time-dependent change in Manf mRNA expression in SIM-A9 cells. GLUT5 inhibitor treatment did not block glucose-induced Gdnf mRNA expression in these cells. These findings suggest that microglia are responsive to changes in the local glucose concentration and increased local glucose availability stimulates the expression of microglial GNDF through a GLUT5-independent mechanism, contributing to glucose-induced feeding suppression.
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Mizuno, Tooru M., Pei San Lew, and Gursagar Jhanji. "Regulation of the Fructose Transporter Gene Slc2a5 Expression by Glucose in Cultured Microglial Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 23 (November 23, 2021): 12668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312668.
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Microglia play a role in the regulation of metabolism and pathogenesis of obesity. Microglial activity is altered in response to changes in diet and the body’s metabolic state. Solute carrier family 2 member 5 (Slc2a5) that encodes glucose transporter 5 (GLUT5) is a fructose transporter primarily expressed in microglia within the central nervous system. However, little is known about the nutritional regulation of Slc2a5 expression in microglia and its role in the regulation of metabolism. The present study aimed to address the hypothesis that nutrients affect microglial activity by altering the expression of glucose transporter genes. Murine microglial cell line SIM-A9 cells and primary microglia from mouse brain were exposed to different concentrations of glucose and levels of microglial activation markers and glucose transporter genes were measured. High concentration of glucose increased levels of the immediate-early gene product c-Fos, a marker of cell activation, Slc2a5 mRNA, and pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in microglial cells in a time-dependent manner, while fructose failed to cause these changes. Glucose-induced changes in pro-inflammatory gene expression were partially attenuated in SIM-A9 cells treated with the GLUT5 inhibitor. These findings suggest that an increase in local glucose availability leads to the activation of microglia by controlling their carbohydrate sensing mechanism through both GLUT5-dependent and –independent mechanisms.
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Zapotoczny, Bartlomiej, Karolina Szafranska, Malgorzata Lekka, Balpreet Singh Ahluwalia, and Peter McCourt. "Tuning of Liver Sieve: The Interplay between Actin and Myosin Regulatory Light Chain Regulates Fenestration Size and Number in Murine Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 17 (August 30, 2022): 9850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179850.
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Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) facilitate the efficient transport of macromolecules and solutes between the blood and hepatocytes. The efficiency of this transport is realized via transcellular nanopores, called fenestrations. The mean fenestration size is 140 ± 20 nm, with the range from 50 nm to 350 nm being mostly below the limits of diffraction of visible light. The cellular mechanisms controlling fenestrations are still poorly understood. In this study, we tested a hypothesis that both Rho kinase (ROCK) and myosin light chain (MLC) kinase (MLCK)-dependent phosphorylation of MLC regulates fenestrations. We verified the hypothesis using a combination of several molecular inhibitors and by applying two high-resolution microscopy modalities: structured illumination microscopy (SIM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We demonstrated precise, dose-dependent, and reversible regulation of the mean fenestration diameter within a wide range from 120 nm to 220 nm and the fine-tuning of the porosity in a range from ~0% up to 12% using the ROCK pathway. Moreover, our findings indicate that MLCK is involved in the formation of new fenestrations—after inhibiting MLCK, closed fenestrations cannot be reopened with other agents. We, therefore, conclude that the Rho-ROCK pathway is responsible for the control of the fenestration diameter, while the inhibition of MLCK prevents the formation of new fenestrations.
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Reinicke, Madlen, Judith Leyh, Silke Zimmermann, Soroth Chey, Ilijana Begcevic Brkovic, Christin Wassermann, Julia Landmann, et al. "Plant Sterol-Poor Diet Is Associated with Pro-Inflammatory Lipid Mediators in the Murine Brain." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 24 (December 8, 2021): 13207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413207.
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Plant sterols (PSs) cannot be synthesized in mammals and are exclusively diet-derived. PSs cross the blood-brain barrier and may have anti-neuroinflammatory effects. Obesity is linked to lower intestinal uptake and blood levels of PSs, but its effects in terms of neuroinflammation—if any—remain unknown. We investigated the effect of high-fat diet-induced obesity on PSs in the brain and the effects of the PSs campesterol and β-sitosterol on in vitro microglia activation. Sterols (cholesterol, precursors, PSs) and polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived lipid mediators were measured in the food, blood, liver and brain of C57BL/6J mice. Under a PSs-poor high-fat diet, PSs levels decreased in the blood, liver and brain (>50%). This effect was reversible after 2 weeks upon changing back to a chow diet. Inflammatory thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin D2 were inversely correlated to campesterol and β-sitosterol levels in all brain regions. PSs content was determined post mortem in human cortex samples as well. In vitro, PSs accumulate in lipid rafts isolated from SIM-A9 microglia cell membranes. In summary, PSs levels in the blood, liver and brain were associated directly with PSs food content and inversely with BMI. PSs dampen pro-inflammatory lipid mediators in the brain. The identification of PSs in the human cortex in comparable concentration ranges implies the relevance of our findings for humans.
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Lin, Xionghao, Elena Afia Adjei, Santosh L. Saraf, Victor R. Gordeuk, Sergei A. Nekhai, and Marina Jerebtsova. "Elevated Levels of Hgfl Protein in Sickle Cell Disease Urine Samples That Induce Glomerular Permeability." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 4841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.4841.4841.
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Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent complication of sickle cell disease (SCD) associated with early mortality. Hemoglobinuria is a risk factor for the development of albuminuria and CKD. Currently, there are no biomarkers that predict outcome of CKD. Mass-spectrometry analysis of patient urine is a highly potent modern method for biomarker discovery. An in vitro glomerular permeability assay has been used as a non-invasive test for glomerular disease prognosis. Application of this assay to urinary samples collected before kidney disease onset provides a unique opportunity for differential proteomics of a limited number of urinary proteins. In combination with high resolution/selected ion monitoring (HR/SIM) mass-spectrometry methodology, this experimental platform provides an opportunity for biomarker discovery and validation of proteins whose concentration is too low to be detected by an immunological assay. Objectives: We aimed to determine a biomarker of early stage kidney disease using samples collected from the patients of the Center for Sickle Cell Disease at Howard University. We then used HR/SIM method to validate this biomarker in the cohort of SCD patients with and without CKD from University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC). Methods:Urinary protein, creatinine, albumin were measured by ELISA. The pH and specific gravity (SG) were determined by Multistix. Glomeruli were isolated from the murine kidney (FVB/N strain) and albumin permeability (Palb) activity was determined using urine samples collected from patients of the Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University. Mass-spectrometry analysis was performed and Protein Discovery 1.4 and SIEVE 2.0 programs were used for protein analysis and label-free quantification. Heavy isotope labeled peptide EDQTSPAPGLR(13C6, 15N) was used as an internal standard for HR/SIM analysis of the samples from UIC. Results: Glomerular permeability assay was performed using six urinary samples collected from patients of the Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University. Mass-spectrometry assay was performed for all samples. Samples with similar values of protein, albumin, creatinine, pH and SG, but different Palb activity were compared by SIEVE 2.0. Higher levels of hepatocyte growth factor-like (HGFL) protein were observed in three samples that induced glomerular permeability compared to three samples that did not. Since our attempts to produce antibodies to HGFL peptide for an ELISA assay were unsuccessful, we developed a HR/SIM method to measure HGFL peptide in urine. HR/SIM was performed for eight urine samples from the UIC cohort by measuring the ratio of ion peaks of HGFL peptide (m/z 585.79) and internal standard (IS) (m/z 590.80) (Fig. 1A). HGFL levels were found to be significantly increased (1.72-fold, p=0.015) in the urine samples of two patients at risk of developing renal disease based on the presence of hemoglobinuria compared to six samples without hemoglobinuria (Fig. 1B). Conclusions: Combination of in vitro glomerular permeability assay with mass-spectrometry method of protein discovery and HR/SIM validation assay may be a useful platform for discovery of biomarker of early stage of CKD. Urinary level of HGFL may serve as a prognostic marker for development of CKD in SCD patients. A limitation of our study is the small number of samples used for validation. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by NIH Research Grants 1P50HL118006, 1R01HL125005 and 5G12MD007597. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official view of NHLBI, NIMHD or NIH. Figure 1 HR/SIM analysis of HGFL peptide in human urine. (A)The ion peaks of HGFL peptide m/z 585.79 and internal standard (IS) m/z 590.80 were chosen for the high resolution/selective ion monitoring (HR/SIM) analysis using LTQ Orbitrap XL™ mass spectrometer. Extracted ion chromatograms (EICs) were based on a ±0.01 Da mass extraction window (MEW) centered on the theoretical m/z. (B) SCD patients at risk for developing renal disease based on the presence of hemoglobinuria showed significantly increased HGFL levels (1.72-fold, p=0.015). Figure 1. HR/SIM analysis of HGFL peptide in human urine. (A)The ion peaks of HGFL peptide m/z 585.79 and internal standard (IS) m/z 590.80 were chosen for the high resolution/selective ion monitoring (HR/SIM) analysis using LTQ Orbitrap XL™ mass spectrometer. Extracted ion chromatograms (EICs) were based on a ±0.01 Da mass extraction window (MEW) centered on the theoretical m/z. (B) SCD patients at risk for developing renal disease based on the presence of hemoglobinuria showed significantly increased HGFL levels (1.72-fold, p=0.015). Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Murine SIM"
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Kukuk, Laura [Verfasser], and Bernd [Gutachter] König. "High-resolution structure of the SAM domain homodimer of the murine adapter protein SLY1 / Laura Kukuk ; Gutachter: Bernd König." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1164763040/34.
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Langton, Simne. "The generation and characterization of CYP26A1(-/-) murine embryonic stem cells /." Access full-text from WCMC, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1436351451&sid=25&Fmt=2&clientId=8424&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Lawson, Devon Ann. "Identification and functional characterization of murine prostate epithelial stem cells." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1666132121&sid=8&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Rodrigues, Andréa Mendonça. "Nova proposta de modelo murino de asma aguda: utilização de protocolo curto sem adjuvante com sensibilização a ovalbumina." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/4722.
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Previous issue date: 2011Introduction: Some limitations have been raised over the murine models with ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization in asthma research. However, this model is still widely used and the acute OVA protocol in mice still plays a role in pre-clinical investigation. The use of adjuvant and long sensitization periods are some of the limitations raised. Aims: We have tested whether a shorter period of subcutaneous sensitization with OVA, with no adjuvant, induces a similar eosinophilic pulmonary response in mice, when compared with previous well-established control protocols. Methods: Adult female BALB/c mice were used and divided into groups, according to the number of OVA sensitizations (once or twice, OVA: 20 μg) and the number (two or three times) /dosage(40 μg and 100 μg) of intranasal OVA challenge. The shorter protocol (10 days-length) consisted of one subcutaneous OVA sensitization and three OVA challenges (100 μg). Total (TCC) and differential cell counts from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) from lung tissue and histopathology (HE) of the lungs were performed 24 hours after the last OVA challenge. Results: Cell counts from BAL, EPO from lung tissue and histological lung abnormalities were not different between the groups studied. The shorter protocol induced a similar allergic lung response to OVA, when compared with the positive control, the same occurring with the other groups. Conclusion: We concluded that the use of one subcutaneous OVA sensitization elicit a strong allergic pulmonary response, free of adjuvant, in a 10-day-length protocol. Our findings suggest that this protocol may be used a first-line pre-clinical test, reducing cost and time of experiments, and avoiding the use of artificial adjuvants.
Introdução: Várias limitações têm sido levantadas em estudos de asma utilizando modelos murinos agudos sensibilizados com ovalbumina (OVA), mas este modelo é ainda amplamente usado, ainda mantendo sua importância em estudos pré-clínicos. Algumas limitações encontradas são o uso de adjuvante e os longos períodos de sensibilização. Objetivos: Testar se a sensibilização com OVA em um período curto, sem adjuvante, induziria uma resposta pulmonar eosinofílica em camundongos similar aos protocolos já previamente estabelecidos.Métodos: Fêmeas adultas de camundongos BALB/c foram utilizadas e divididas em grupos de acordo com o número de sensibilizações com OVA (uma ou duas vezes, OVA: 20 μg) e o número(duas ou três vezes)/dosagem(40 μg e 100 μg) de desafios intranasais. O protocolo mais curto (10 dias) consistiu de uma sensibilização subcutânea e três desafios com OVA (100 μg). Contagem total (CTC) e diferencial de células no lavado broncoalveolar (LBA), ensaio da peroxidase eosinofílica (EPO) do tecido pulmonar e histopatologia (HE) dos pulmões foram realizados 24 horas após o último desafio com OVA. Resultados: Contagem celular do LBA, EPO do tecido pulmonar e alterações inflamatórias da histologia pulmonar não foram diferentes entre os grupos estudados. O protocolo mais curto induziu uma resposta eosinofílica pulmonar à OVA semelhante ao grupo controle, ocorrendo o mesmo com os outros grupos. Conclusão: O uso de sensibilização subcutânea com OVA, sem adjuvante, resulta em uma significativa resposta pulmonar alérgica, permitindo sua utilização em protocolos de duração mais curta. Nossos achados sugerem que este protocolo pode ser utilizado como teste pré-clínico de primeira linha para pesquisa de novos fármacos, reduzindo custo, tempo e uso de adjuvante.
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Aguettaz, Elizabeth. "Effets de l'étirement axial sur des cardiomyocytes murins déficients en dystrophine : dérégulation calcique et canaux TRPs." Thesis, Poitiers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015POIT2263/document.
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La dystrophie musculaire de Duchenne (DMD) est la conséquence de la perte de la dystrophine, protéine sous membranaire indispensable au maintien mécanique et fonctionnel du sarcolemme. Cette déficience augmenterait les influx cationiques par des microruptures de la membrane ou par la dérégulation de canaux tels que les canaux activés par l'étirement (SACs: Stretch-activated channel). Dans ce travail, les effets d'une stimulation mécanique ont été explorés sur des cardiomyocytes dans le contexte pathologique de la cardiomyopathie dilatée associée à la DMD. L'utilisation de fibres de carbone a permis de réaliser un étirement axial similaire aux conditions physiologiques de remplissage ventriculaire. Dans ces conditions, l'exploration de la topographie membranaire par la microscopie de conductance ionique à balayage n'a montré aucune évolution de la surface ni de lésion du sarcolemmel dans les conditions d'étirement. L'étude s'est donc focalisée sur l'activité de candidats moléculaires des SACs et plus particulièrement ceux appartenant à la famille des TRPs (Transient Receptor Potential) dans le dérèglement de l'homéostasie calcique induite par l'étirement. Les influx cationiques évalués par la technique d'extinction de fluorescence et l'étude de la concentration intracellulaire de Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) grâce à la sonde Fluo8 montrent une implication des canaux TRPV2 et TRPCs. Les premiers semblent responsables d'une entrée cationique et d'une augmentation de [Ca2+]i importante dans les cardiomyocytes mdx. Les seconds, bien que responsables d'un influx, ne participeraient pas à l'augmentation de [Ca2+]i. Ces résultats révèlent que les canaux TRPV2 pourraient jouer un rôle important dans la dérégulation calcique observée dans les cardiomyocytes déficients en dystrophineDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the consequence of the loss of dystrophin, a subsarcolemmal protein essential for mechanical and functional maintenances of the sarcolemma. This deficiency could increase cationic influxes by membrane microruptures or by dysregulation of channels such as stretch-activated channels (SACs). In this work, the effects of a mechanical stretch were explored on cardiomyocytes in the pathological context of dilated cardiomyopathy associated with DMD. Using carbon fibers, an homogenous axial stretch was performed to mimic physiological conditions of ventricular filling. In these conditions, exploration of membrane topography using the scanning ion conductance microscopy did not show any surface evolution or sarcolemma disruption in stretch condition. The study was thus focused on activity and identification of molecular candidates for SACs, especially the TRPs (Transient Receptor Potential) channels in the stretch-induced. Ca2+ homeostasis dysregulation. Cationic influxes assessed by Mn2+-quenching and assessment of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) using fluo-8 fluorescence demonstrated an involvement of TRPV2 and TRPCs channels. The first ones seem to be responsible for cationic entry and [Ca2+]i increase in mdx cardiomyocytes. The latter, though responsible for an influx, do not contribute to [Ca2+]i increase. These findings reveal that TRPV2 channels could play an important role in calcium dysregulation observed in dystrophin-deficient cardiomyocytes
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Rodrigues, Andr?a Mendon?a. "Nova proposta de modelo murino de asma aguda : utiliza??o de protocolo curto sem adjuvante com sensibiliza??o a ovalbumina." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2011. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1360.
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Previous issue date: 2011-03-31Introdu??o: V?rias limita??es t?m sido levantadas em estudos de asma utilizando modelos murinos agudos sensibilizados com ovalbumina (OVA), mas este modelo ? ainda amplamente usado, ainda mantendo sua import?ncia em estudos pr?-cl?nicos. Algumas limita??es encontradas s?o o uso de adjuvante e os longos per?odos de sensibiliza??o. Objetivos: Testar se a sensibiliza??o com OVA em um per?odo curto, sem adjuvante, induziria uma resposta pulmonar eosinof?lica em camundongos similar aos protocolos j? previamente estabelecidos. M?todos: F?meas adultas de camundongos BALB/c foram utilizadas e divididas em grupos de acordo com o n?mero de sensibiliza??es com OVA (uma ou duas vezes, OVA: 20 μg) e o n?mero(duas ou tr?s vezes)/dosagem(40 μg e 100 μg) de desafios intranasais. O protocolo mais curto (10 dias) consistiu de uma sensibiliza??o subcut?nea e tr?s desafios com OVA (100 μg). Contagem total (CTC) e diferencial de c?lulas no lavado broncoalveolar (LBA), ensaio da peroxidase eosinof?lica (EPO) do tecido pulmonar e histopatologia (HE) dos pulm?es foram realizados 24 horas ap?s o ?ltimo desafio com OVA. Resultados: Contagem celular do LBA, EPO do tecido pulmonar e altera??es inflamat?rias da histologia pulmonar n?o foram diferentes entre os grupos estudados. O protocolo mais curto induziu uma resposta eosinof?lica pulmonar ? OVA semelhante ao grupo controle, ocorrendo o mesmo com os outros grupos. Conclus?o: O uso de sensibiliza??o subcut?nea com OVA, sem adjuvante, resulta em uma significativa resposta pulmonar al?rgica, permitindo sua utiliza??o em protocolos de dura??o mais curta. Nossos achados sugerem que este protocolo pode ser utilizado como teste pr?-cl?nico de primeira linha para pesquisa de novos f?rmacos, reduzindo custo, tempo e uso de adjuvante.
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Rajput, Sandeep. "Murine Aldo-Keto Reductases: Identification of AKR1B8 as an ortholog of human AKR1B10." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1966541891&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2009."Department of Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry." Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-37). Also available online.
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Alvarez, Espitia Jorge. "Mechanisms of brain barrier disruption and leukocyte extravasation in murine neurocysticercosis : a dissertation /." San Antonio : UTHSC, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1390336361&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=70986&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Tian, Hua. "Visualisation and profiling of lipids in single biological cells using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/visualisation-and-profiling-of-lipids-in-single-biological-cells-using-timeofflight-secondary-ion-mass-spectrometry(c36313be-4ffd-4809-b5c9-8fbe1f720bd1).html.
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Imaging Time-of-Flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) has been developed to perform 2D imaging and depth profiling of biological systems with micron or submicron scale lateral resolution, which can be attributed to the advent of polyatomic ion beam particularly C60+ and new concept of ToF-SIMS instrument, the J105 3D Chemical Imager (J105). These recent advances in ToF-SIMS have opened a new dimension for biological analysis. In this study, 2D and 3D imaging have been performed on two biological systems, Xenopus laevis (X. laevis) zygote/embryo and murine embryonic fibroblasts NIH 3T3 BXB-ER cells to explore the capability of ToF-SIMS to handle the biological samples with extreme topography and high resolution depth profiling of microdomains, which still represent major challenges for the ToF-SIMS. The study on X. laevis embryo explored the capability of ToF-SIMS to handle spherical samples (approx. 1-1.2 mm in diameter), identify lipid species in mixtures of lipid extraction from the zygotes and image of an intact embryo in 2D/3D during dynamic biological events, e.g., fertilisation and early embryo development. For the first time the J105 and conventional BioToF-SIMS instrument were employed for the study of developmental biology. The major classes of lipid were identified through multiple lipid assay in a single analytical run using ToF-SIMS. Topography effects of the embryo were assessed through imaging a single intact zygote/embryo that revealed secondary ions loss at the edge of the single cell. However, the topography effects on the mass resolution could be minimised using the J105. Moreover, in situ lipid profiling of the zygote revealed different lipid compositions and intensities on the membrane of the animal and vegetal hemispheres. Furthermore, high resolution imaging and depth profiling that performed on a single intact cell in a time course study visualised the egg-sperm fusion sites on the membrane of the zygote 10 min post-insemination and lipids arrangement on the membrane of the embryo through the early development stages. Subcellular signalling upon the fertilisation was also spatially located on the serial cryosections of a single zygote. With the NIH 3T3 BXB-ER cells, the study firstly adopted a finely focused C60+ beam to track morphological changes and rearrangement of subcellular organelle mitochondria (0.5-2 µm) in response to the activation of Raf/ERK (extracellular signal regulated kinase) pathway using the J105. The SIMS images of the unlabelled cells showed the shifting of membrane distribution and nuclei shrinking following Raf/ERK activation. The mitochondria fluorescence probe within the cells were located 3-dimensionally using confocal microscopy and ToF-SIMS, which revealed the distribution pattern of condensing in the two sides of the nuclei following the Raf/ERK activation. Coupled with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the three imaging modes showed good agreement in cellular morphological changes and subcellular mitochondrial rearrangement without or following Raf/ERK activation, demonstrating an integrated approaching to study the biological processes at subcellular dimension.
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McPherson, Jr Michael Gene. "Microbial interactions, B cell immunoregulation , and positron emission detection in murine models of intestinal inflammation." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1580937001&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=48051&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textBooks on the topic "Murine SIM"
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Schumann Gálvez, Otto, César Pérez Silvano, and Felipe de Jesús Gutiérrez Miranda. Cuentos, fábulas y cápsulas científicas. Versión bilingüe español-tseltal de Bachajón. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Investigaciones Multidisciplinarias sobre Chiapas y la Frontera Sur, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/cimsur.9786070276613p.2016.
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La existencia en Chiapas de más de doce lenguas indígenas y sus diferentes variantes dialectales nos recuerdan el carácter multicultural de México. Sin embargo, dado que la educación gubernamental en áreas indígenas se enmarca en la lengua española, poco se ha hecho para revertir el proceso de pérdida de lenguas originarias. Otto Schumann Gálvez se empeñó a lo largo de toda su vida en el estudio y desarrollo de las lenguas indígenas. Siempre destacó la necesidad de contar con textos de lectura en dichas lenguas y murió dirigiendo la traducción de los materiales publicados en este volumen a la lengua tseltal, la más hablada en Chiapas.
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Kuttainen, Victoria, and Greg Manning. Postmodernist and Literary Experiments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199679775.003.0017.
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This chapter examines postmodernist and literary experiments in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the South Pacific. It first considers Australia's brand of postmodernism, noting that it was much less a reaction to modernism than an effect of American influences that developed mid-century and a reflection on its late emergence from the colonial condition. It shows that Australian literature and its institutions since the 1930s had maintained a distant and uncomfortable relationship with literary modernism. Key writers discussed include Peter Carey, Gerald Murnane, and Elizabeth Jolley. The chapter goes on to discuss how Canada's scholars and writers, such as Robert Kroetsch, George Bowering and Daphne Marlatt have been interwoven in the genealogy of postmodern fiction in the Americas before concluding with an analysis of the postmodern novel in New Zealand and the South Pacific. Important writers here include Ian Wedde, Albert Wendt, and Sia Figiel.
Book chapters on the topic "Murine SIM"
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"7. Thomas Murner: An den großmächtigsten und durchlauchtigsten Adel deutscher Nation, daß sie den christlichen Glauben beschützen wider den Zerstörer des Glaubens Christi, Martin Luther." In 1518 – 1524, 171–220. Akademie Verlag, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783050071558-011.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Murine SIM"
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Hamed, Marwa Ibrahim, Salma Al-Dakhakhny, Hassaan Rathore, and Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim. "Reno-Protective Effects of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Hypertensive Rodent Models: A systematic review." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0126.
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Background and objective: Essential hypertension is a leading risk factor for chronic kidney disease, yet there is no conclusive evidence that lowering blood pressure alone improves renal outcome measures. Angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) proposed to have renal-protective effects independent of their antihypertensive effect. This systematic review of animal studies aims to collect available information from the published literature about the ARBs' consequences in murine models and analyze it in a structured way to provide a pre-clinical baseline for future analysis of similar clinical investigations. Methods: Following the PRISMA checklist, we conducted a systematic review for quasi non-randomized controlled studies using PubMed, Embase, Science-Direct, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar to determine the effects of ARBs on kidney functions. Eligible articles report the ARBs' effect on proteinuria, albuminuria, and glomerular filtration rate in murine models of hypertension. Outcomes were present as Mean ± Standard Error of Mean (SEM) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: This preliminary analysis includes ten out of 56 total eligible articles after quality assessment, reporting twelve renal outcome measures. Two studies showed improvement in CrCl versus one study showing no difference. Four out of five studies showed a reduction in proteinuria compared to the control group. All three studies showed a significant reduction in albuminuria compared to control and other antihypertensives. A study Evaluating BUN showed no difference. Nine outcomes supported the reno-protective effect of ARBs on different hypertensive models with various ARBs and different follow-up durations. Low dose valsartan 10mg/kg was showing no significant effect across two different studies. Conclusion: Preliminary results are encouraging. ARBs contribute to improvement in renal biomarkers in different hypertensive models regardless of their BP-lowering effect.
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Altomare, L., S. Fare`, L. Draghi, and M. C. Tanzi. "Effect of Microgrooved Surfaces on Fibroblast Cells Orientation." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95487.
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It is well known that cells can interact with patterned surfaces; although the mechanisms are still not clear, substrata containing periodic patterns of parallel grooves can impose directional constraints on cells and affect the rate and direction of cell migration. The aim of our work is to evaluate the possibility of replicating microgrooved surfaces by soft lithography and to assess, in vitro, the influence of three different microgrooved surfaces on fibroblasts alignment. Microgrooved substrata were obtained by Replica Molding out of two different polymers: PLLATMC and ChronoFlex AL from three different masters. From each master, a silicon mold was prepared and the polymers were casted in the mold using chloroform as solvent. By SEM and laser profilometry analysis we observed a good reproducibility of the different surfaces. The obtained results indicate that Replica Molding technique is an accurate method to reproduce a wide number of micropatterned surfaces with different polymers. In vitro tests with L929 murine fibroblasts showed different degrees of cellular alignment and elongation depending on grooves width.
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Reisner, H. M., M. de Serres, S.-W. Lin, and D. W. Stafford. "PROPERTIES OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES TO HUMAN FACTOR IX-PHAGE CAP-SID FUSION PROTEIN." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644080.
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Functional domains of the human factor IX (FIX) molecule may be expressed in E. coli as fusion proteins (FPs) with phage T7 capsid protein 10 (CP 10). Such proteins are synthesized in large amounts and, because of their insolubility can be easily purified Polyclonal antibodies raised to FIX FPs cross react with the native molecule, but the utility of FPs in the production of monoclonal probes of native FIX is unclear. Hence, we have characterized the specificity of murine hybridomas resulting from the immunization with a FP containing amino acids -3 to 49 of human FIX (FP4D) . FP4D proved to be a potent immunogen in mice. Using solid phase ELISA assays, 46% of 2,200 cultures screened reacted with the immunizing antigen. Most of the positive cultures reacted only with FP4D and/or CP 10 and were discarded. Fifty cultures reacted with native FIX and were further studied. None of the FIX reactive cultures inhibited FIX:C activity in clotting assays. Binding of more than half of the cultures to FIX was inhibited by the presence of 5mM Ca++ suggesting a similarity between FP4D and the non Ca++ bound steric state of FIX. Four cultures were subcloned 2X to insure monoclonality. These antibodies were further evaluated for binding to FIX, FP4D, and CP 10 in the presence or absence of Ca++. Three of the four Mabs reacted with FP4D and FIX and showed varying degrees of inhibition by Ca++ only with FIX. One antibody reacted equally with all three proteins in the presence or absence of Ca++. Two of the Mabs were detectable in a solid phase RIA and showed increased radioligand binding in the absence of Ca++. Most Mabs against FP4D appear to detect epitopes which are influenced by the presence of Ca++. Since the FIX amino acid sequence contained in FP4D is gammacarboxylated and capable of binding Ca++ in the native molecule, the epitopes detected by these Mabs may be masked or altered by Ca++ binding. These Mabs may prove to be useful probes in the study of Ca++ binding in the native FIX molecule.
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Carvalho, Braulio Fernandes de, and GUSTAVO NOGUEIRA BARRETO. "AVISTAMENTO DE MACACOS DA NOITE (AOTUS AZARAE INFULATUS) EM MURICI DOS PORTELAS - PI." In II Congresso Brasileiro de Biodiversidade Virtual. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e meio ambiente, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/ii-conbiv/6754.
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Introdução: Os Macacos da Noite (Aotus azarae infulatus), denomidados em inglês Feline Night Monkey ou Owl Monkey, são pequenos primatas da família Aotidae, encontrados na América do Sul, que vivem em pequenos grupos com comportamento arborícola. Alimentam-se principalmente de frutos, mas também podem comer folhas, flores e insetos. As principais ameaças à espécie são a destruição do habitat, a caça e a captura para criação como animais de estimação. Objetivo: atualizar a lista de espécies da fauna e flora presentes em propriedade rural privada em Murici dos Portelas-PI. Material e métodos: Percorreu-se a pé os limites da propriedade conhecida por Reserva Mamangaba, localizada em 3°15’46.96’’S 41°57’04.25’’O, em Murici dos Portelas-PI, onde se pretende estabelecer uma Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RRPN), quando a regularização documental permitir. O local possui 54 hectares, georreferenciados, com floresta estacional decídua e semidecídua, entre os Rios Parnaíba e Longá. Realizou-se 5 vistorias, por um biólogo e dois guias locais, na segunda quinzena de janeiro de 2022. Fez-se a confirmação das espécies avistadas por buscas na literatura científica e consultas a especialistas. Resultados: Avistou-se um pequeno grupo de Aotus azarae infulatus, com pelo menos 3 indivíduos. Ouviu-se também outros indivíduos, mas sem confirmação visual deles. O avistamento foi realizado às 12:35 (período da tarde), entretanto sem registro fotográfico, devido à rápida natureza do encontro. O pequeno grupo de macacos vinha da propriedade vizinha, de mais de 3.000 hectares, cruzando o aceiro através de galhos. Quanto as espécies vegetais, verificou-se a frutificação de Pau-marfim (Agonandra brasiliensis), Banha-de-galinha (Swartzia sp.), Cunduru (Ephedranthus pisocarpus), Taturapé (Eugenia sp.) e Tucum (Astrocaryum vulgare), mas sem confirmação da frugivoria destas pelos primatas. Conclusão: O avistamento de Aotus azarae infulatus amplia a área conhecida de distribuição desta espécie e soma-se aos registros realizados por pesquisadores da Universidade Federal do Amazonas, em 2016, nas cidades vizinhas de Buriti dos Lopes e Caxingó, ambas no Piauí. Também se faz evidente a necessidade de acelerar o processo de criação da RPPN, para garantir a preservação do habitat desses primatas, que apresentam tanto importância ecológica, na dispersão de sementes, como biomédica, em modelos de pesquisa científica.
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Carvalho, Braulio Fernandes de, and Gustavo Nogueira Barreto. "POTENCIAL ECONÔMICO SUSTENTÁVEL DE CRIAÇÃO DE ABELHAS INDÍGENAS SEM FERRÃO EM MURICI DOS PORTELAS-PI." In I Congresso Brasileiro On-line de Biologia de Insetos. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/rema/2292.
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Introdução: No Brasil existem cerca de 250 espécies de abelhas da tribo Meliponini, muitas das quais estão ameaçadas de extinção, seja pela coleta e destruição de seus ninhos, corte de árvores usadas na nidificação e forrageio e pelo uso de agrotóxicos. Garantir áreas de vegetação nativa protegidas do desmatamento e do uso de agrotóxicos é essencial para garantir a sobrevivência dessas abelhas e os seus serviços ecossistêmicos, como a polinização de plantas nativas e culturas agrícolas. Objetivo: Identificar espécies de abelhas indígenas adequadas para criação em propriedade rural privada, em Murici dos Portelas-PI, onde se pretende criar Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN), em parte desta. Material e métodos: Analisou-se imagens da propriedade, de 52 ha, localizada em 3°15’46.96’’S e 41°57’04.25’’, através de dados obtidos pelo software Google Earth PRO; fez-se 3 visitas ao local, de junho a setembro de 2021, para identificação de fitofisionomia; realizou-se estudo de artigos científicos para identificação de espécies de meliponíneos nativos com ocorrência no estado do Piauí. Resultados: A área consiste em vegetação arbórea de médio porte, dos domínios de Cerrado e Caatinga. A pesquisa bibliográfica identificou as seguintes espécies de abelhas sem ferrão descritas para o Piauí: Mombuca-vermelha (Camargoia nordestina), Moça-branca (Friesiomelitta doederleini), Friesiomelitta flavicornis, Frieseomelitta silvestrii, Mombuca (Geotrigona mombuca), Iraxim (Lestrimelitta rufipes), Manduri (Melipona asilvai), Tiúba (Melipona compressipes), Uruçu-boi (Melipona fuliginosa), Tiúba-grande (Melipona fasciculata), Mandaçaia (Melipona mandacaia), Munduri (Melipona marginata), Mandaçaia (Melipona quadrifasciata), Bugia (Melipona rufiventris), Mandaçaia-da-terra (Melipona quinquefasciata), Uruçu (Melipona scutellaris), Jandaíra (Melipona subnitida), Mirim-da-terra (Paratrigona lineata), Cupira (Partamona ailyae), Boca-de-barro (Partamona chapadicola), Jati (Plebeia flavocincta), Imrê-ti (Scaptotrigona polysticta), Mandaguari (Scaptotrigona postica), Tuibá (Scaptotrigona tubiba), Borá (Tetragona clavipes), Arapuá (Trigona spinipes), Xupé (Trigona hyalinata), Feiticeira (Trigona recursa),Trigonisca sp.. Conclusão: Sugere-se criação das espécies listadas na propriedade, levando-se em conta fatores ambientais e biológicos envolvidos na manutenção da viabilidade de cada espécie. Recomenda-se obtenção de matrizes em criadouros autorizados e iniciar criação comercial, com produção de mel e multiplicação de colmeias. A atividade tem potencial econômico sustentável e poderia ser realizada na área não transformada em RPPN, contribuindo para a economia local e conservação de abelhas indígenas.
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Zhang, Qingwei, Wei Zhang, Donggang Yao, Peter I. Lelkes, and Jack G. Zhou. "The Co-Continuous Micro-Porous PLLA Scaffolds and Their Application for ACL Reconstruction." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-38291.
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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructive surgery is a major health concern world-wide because of a large aging population and increased occurrence of sport-related damage. Tissue engineering is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field that offers a promising new approach for ACL repair. In order to overcome the shortages of current existing surgical fixation devices, we are combining gradient cellular structure (GCS) injection molding technique and biomedical engineering to develop novel surgical fixation devices (screw, anchor, plate, pin, staple, etc.) that not only incorporate bioactive materials such as growth factors, healing drugs and cells, but have natural bone GCS structure, intended to mimic the natural bone and promote bone tissue growth and eventually eliminate the defects associated with existing surgical fixation devices. In this work, a series of novel poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffolds with micro-porous structure were prepared by injection molding an immiscible polymer blend, with spatially controlled thermal conditioning to adjust the phase size from core to surface. The produced scaffolds were observed under SEM, which shows a co-continuous structure was created successfully through our method. The biocompatibility and the feasibility of produced micro-porous structural PLLA and PLLA/HA scaffolds as a matrix supporting cell growth tested by culturing murine osteoblasts cell line (7F2) for up to 9 days were assessed by Alamar Blue™ assay, which showed that the manufacturing process had no negative effects on cell proliferation. The cell attachment, spreading, migration and proliferation to confluence were assessed by fluorescent nuclear staining with Hoechst 33258. In order to evaluate the functional and cell biological applicability of the micro-porous structural PLLA scaffolds, a subcutaneous biodegradation test was performed through rat model for 1 week and 1 month time period, respectively. Our results showed that the micro-porous structural PLLA scaffolds are non-toxic, and they showed a mild foreign body reaction and complete fibrous encapsulation after implantation. Well created interconnected porous structure and biocompatibility suggest great potential of the micro-porous PLLA scaffolds in application for ACL reconstruction.
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Carvalho, Braulio Fernandes de, and Gustavo Nogueira Barreto. "MANEJO SUSTENTÁVEL PARA PRODUÇÃO DE NATUREZA EM PROPRIEDADE RURAL PARTICULAR EM MURICI DOS PORTELAS-PI, BRASIL." In I Congresso Brasileiro On-line de Biologia de Insetos. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/rema/3145.
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Introdução: A conservação pode ser feita passivamente, pela proteção de unidades de conservação, o que permite à sucessão ecológica recuperar uma área, a seu tempo. Ou pode ser encarada de forma intervencionista, onde a introdução e manejo de elementos bióticos e abióticos visa a aceleração de processos biológicos e aumento da complexidade ecológica, chamado produção de natureza. A ONU declarou 2021-2030 a Década das Nações Unidas sobre Restauração de Ecossistemas, no qual a produção de natureza pode ser essencial, principalmente em locais sem corredores ecológicos, matrizes biológicas ou condições ambientais favoráveis. Objetivos: Analisar as condições bióticas e abióticas de propriedade rural particular e propor plano de produção de natureza em Murici dos Portelas-PI, Brasil. Material e métodos: Fez-se 4 visitas ao local, localização 3°15’46.96’’S 41°57’04.25’’O, onde identificou-se Floresta Estacional Semidecidual de Mata dos Cocais, zona ecotonal de Cerrado, Caatinga e sob influência pré-amazônica. A propriedade possui 52 hectares, dos quais 47 serão destinados a criação de Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural e cadastro de Áreas de Soltura de Animais Silvestres, e 5 para uso direto dos recursos naturais. Verificou-se as condições ambientais e consultou-se literatura para planejamento da produção de natureza. Buscou-se elaborar proposta para acelerar a incorporação de matéria orgânica e nutrientes ao solo, o estabelecimento de microbiota, o favorecimento da sucessão ecológica e a criação de abrigo e forrageio para a fauna. Resultados: Flora indicada é Amburana cearensis, Anacardium occidentale, Andira fraxinifolia, Astrocaryum vulgare, Attalea speciosa, Cecropia palmata, Ceiba glaziovii, Cenostigma pyramidale, Cenostigma macrophyllum, Commiphora leptophloeos, Dipteryx lacunifera, Enterolobium contortisiliquum, Inga vera, Ficus pakkensis, Genipa americana, Solanum paniculatum, Tabernaemontana catingae, Spondias tuberosa, Sterculia striata, Syagrus coronata, Syagrus cearensis. Fauna beneficiada: Apidae, Apocrita, Apodiformes, Canidae, Chiroptera, Corvidae, Dasyproctidae, Didelphidae, Falconidae, Isoptera, Lepidoptera, Ophidia, Orthoptera, Pilosa, Procyonidae, Psittacidae, Strigidae. A introdução e cuidado de espécies deve obedecer boas práticas de manejo. Conclusão: Deve-se evitar entrada de animais exóticos, roubo de madeira e caça. Além disso, recomenda-se poda planejada para criação de tocas e a implantação de bebedouros e abrigos artificiais para espécies mais delicadas. O local possui alto potencial para ecoturismo, educação ambiental, pesquisa e conservação da biodiversidade.
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Carvalho, Braulio Fernandes de, and Gustavo Nogueira Barreto. "POTENCIAL ECONÔMICO SUSTENTÁVEL DE CRIAÇÃO DE MAMANGABAS EM PROPRIEDADE PARTICULAR NO MUNICÍPIO DE MURICI DOS PORTELAS-PI." In I Congresso Brasileiro On-line de Ensino em Zoologia. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/rema/3093.
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Introdução: Mamangabas ou mamangavas são polinizadores importantes para plantas nativas e culturas agrícolas, como as do maracujá, do feijão-caupi e da acerola. São abelhas grandes, de vida solitária ou em colmeias pouco organizadas. Apesar de protegidas por lei, seus ninhos são comumente destruídos, principalmente devido ao medo de acidentes, já que essas abelhas possuem ferrão grande e reutilizável. Faz-se necessário preservar áreas com vegetação nativa e sem agrotóxicos, para garantir a continuidade das diversas espécies de mamangabas e os seus serviços ecossistêmicos, notadamente a polinização. Objetivos: Identificar espécies de mamangabas com potencial para criação voltada ao comércio e conservação em propriedade rural particular no município de Murici dos Portelas-PI, onde se pretende criar uma Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN). Material e métodos: Fez-se análise visual de imagens de satélite da propriedade, obtidas pelo software Google Earth PRO; visitou-se a propriedade 3 vezes, de junho a setembro de 2021; realizou-se estudo bibliográfico para seleção de espécies de mamangabas relatadas no estado do Piauí. Resultados: Identificou-se 3 gêneros com ocorrência no Piauí, sendo estes Bombus sp., Centris sp. e Xylocopa sp.. Conclusão: A criação e comercialização legalizada de mamangabas pode ser uma alternativa econômica sustentável e interessante a ser realizada na propriedade, com benefício aos ambiental estendido para o entorno e para os produtores agrícolas compradores desses polinizadores. A criação de uma RPPN em parte da propriedade poderia agregar valor à atividade e complementar nos esforços de conservação de abelhas nativas, além de propiciar a realização de ecoturismo, pesquisa científica e educação ambiental. É importante salientar que a Lei 14.119/21 permite o pagamento por serviços ambientais, o que forneceria renda extra aos proprietários, mas o Piauí carece de regulamentação específica. Faltam estudos sobre a distribuição das mamangabas, a multiplicação de colmeias e a biologia comportamental, notadamente quanto a interações com espécies invasoras, o que reitera a importância de se criar refúgios para garantir a sobrevivência dessas espécies e preservar seu banco genético e serviços ecossistêmicos.
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Zhang, Qingwei, Ioannis Neitzel, Vadym N. Mochalin, Isabel Knoke, David M. Wootton, Yury Gogotsi, Peter I. Lelkes, and Jack G. Zhou. "PLLA-Nanodiamond Composites and Their Application in Bone Tissue Engineering." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13336.
Full textAbstract:
Nanodiamond (ND) is an attractive nanomaterial for reinforcement of polymers [1] due to the ND’s superior mechanical and chemical properties, and low biotoxicity. A novel composite material has been produced for bone scaffolds utilizing the biodegradable polymer, poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), and octadecylamine-functionalized nanodiamond (ND-ODA) [2]. Composites were prepared by admixing to a PLLA/chloroform solution chloroform suspensions of ND-ODA at concentrations of 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 (w/w). Dispersion of ND-ODA in the composites was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The lower-resolution TEM micrograph of 1% wt ND-ODA/PLLA film (Fig. 1a) shows nanodiamond particles dispersed in PLLA film on amorphous carbon support. Due to long hydrocarbon chains of ODA the ND-ODA particles have good wettability with the PLLA so there is no segregation of ND-ODA and PLLA, and the polymer completely surrounds the particles. The high-resolution TEM image (Fig. 1b) shows ND crystals with attached organic material that can be ODA or PLLA. Nanoindentation tests show that the mechanical strength of ND-ODA/PLLA composites improves upon addition of ND (Table 1). Even at low concentrations (1% wt) the ND-ODA increased the hardness of the composite by 60% and Young’s modulus by 20% over neat PLLA. Based on our preliminary observations, we conclude that further additions of ND-ODA resulted in smaller changes with subsequent saturation in the mechanical properties at ∼7% wt (see Table 1). ND is relatively novel nanomaterial. Establishing its biocompatibility requires further studies, especially for modified ND. We studied the biocompatibility of 5–10nm ND and ND-ODA in experiments with a murine osteoblast cell line (7F2, from ATCC). Incubation of a cultured osteoblasts with 1–100μg/ml of ND or ND-ODA particles for 4 hours did not show much influence on the cell viability (Fig. 2), as inferred from an alamarBlue™ assay. To test the feasibility of ND-ODA/PLLA as a matrix material supporting cell growth, osteoblasts were cultured on the composites for 6 days. The attactment and proliferation of 7F2 cells on the scaffolds were assessed, respectively, by fluorescent nuclear staining with Hoechst 33258 and the alamarBlueTM assay. Our results showed that the addition of ND-ODA had only a negligibly small effect on cell proliferation, which is indicative of good biocompatibility of the composites (Fig. 3). The morphology of 7F2 cells growing on all ND-ODA/PLLA composite scaffolds was assessed by SEM. The data (not shown) confirm that the osteoblasts spread on the scaffolds similar to their spreading on TCP (tissue culture plastic). To summarize, the improved mechanical properties of the PLLA/ND-ODA composites and their good biocompatibility suggest that these materials may be suitable for applications in musculoskeletal tissue engineering.
Reports on the topic "Murine SIM"
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Shpigel, Nahum Y., Ynte Schukken, and Ilan Rosenshine. Identification of genes involved in virulence of Escherichia coli mastitis by signature tagged mutagenesis. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7699853.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Mastitis, an inflammatory response of the mammary tissue to invading pathogenic bacteria, is the largest health problem in the dairy industry and is responsible for multibillion dollar economic losses. E. coli are a leading cause of acute mastitis in dairy animals worldwide and certainly in Israel and North America. The species E. coli comprises a highly heterogeneous group of pathogens, some of which are commensal residents of the gut, infecting the mammary gland after contamination of the teat skin from the environment. As compared to other gut microflora, mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) may have undergone evolutionary adaptations that improve their fitness for colonization of the unique and varied environmental niches found within the mammary gland. These niches include competing microbes already present or accompanying the new colonizer, soluble and cellular antimicrobials in milk, and the innate immune response elicited by mammary cells and recruited immune cells. However, to date, no specific virulence factors have been identified in E. coli isolates associated with mastitis. The original overall research objective of this application was to develop a genome-wide, transposon-tagged mutant collection of MPEC strain P4 and to use this technology to identify E. coli genes that are specifically involved in mammary virulence and pathogenicity. In the course of the project we decided to take an alternative genome-wide approach and to use whole genomes bioinformatics analysis. Using genome sequencing and analysis of six MPEC strains, our studies have shown that type VI secretion system (T6SS) gene clusters were present in all these strains. Furthermore, using unbiased screening of MPEC strains for reduced colonization, fitness and virulence in the murine mastitis model, we have identified in MPEC P4-NR a new pathogenicity island (PAI-1) encoding the core components of T6SS and its hallmark effectors Hcp, VgrG and Rhs. Next, we have shown that specific deletions of T6SS genes reduced colonization, fitness and virulence in lactating mouse mammary glands. Our long-term goal is to understand the molecular mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions in the mammary gland and to relate these mechanisms to disease processes and pathogenesis. We have been able to achieve our research objectives to identify E. coli genes that are specifically involved in mammary virulence and pathogenicity. The project elucidated a new basic concept in host pathogen interaction of MPEC, which for the best of our knowledge was never described or investigated before. This research will help us to shed new light on principles behind the infection strategy of MPEC. The new targets now enable prevalence and epidemiology studies of T6SS in field strains of MPEC which might unveil new geographic, management and ecological risk factors. These will contribute to development of new approaches to treat and prevent mastitis by MPEC and perhaps other mammary pathogens. The use of antibiotics in farm animals and specifically to treat mastitis is gradually precluded and thus new treatment and prevention strategies are needed. Effective mastitis vaccines are currently not available, structural components and effectors of T6SS might be new targets for the development of novel vaccines and therapeutics.