Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Murine Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection'
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Bouzid, Feriel. "La Canettose, une maladie infectieuse émergente dans la corne de l'Afrique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0548/document.
Full textTuberculosis is one of the most frequent deadly infectious diseases worldwide, caused by tuberculous mycobacteria including mainly M. tuberculosis. Our thesis focused on Mycobacterium canettii characterized by a smooth morphotype and a shorter generation time than M. tuberculosis. Our review of the literature showed that less than one hundred cases of M. canettii infection have been reported in Djibouti situated in the Horn of Africa. Then, our prospective microbiological study of pulmonary tuberculosis in Djibouti measured a prevalence of M. canettii lung infections of 4%. Through a mouse model by gavage, we observed the translocation of M. canettii from the intestines to the lymphatic and blood circulation; followed by dissemination mainly to the lungs and lymph nodes. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that M. canettii can follow the digestive tract to infect individuals and revealed also that M. canettii can interact with brown adipose tissue. Then, through cell infection models, we have shown that brown pre-adipocytes may be a potential target for tuberculous mycobacteria and that M. does not persist in mature adipocytes contrary to M. tuberculosis. In conclusion, this work allowed to bring new knowledge about M. canettii infection: its prevalence, its mode of transmission as well as new avenues on possible environmental reservoirs. All of these data suggest that M. canettii infection should be considered as a distinct clinical entity from tuberculosis. We propose to name "Canettosis" the M. canettii infection
Khor, Siew Yan. "The immunomodulating activity of levamisole and gamma-interferon on experimental murine infections with Mycobacterium microti and Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the influence of gamma-interferon on the bactericidal activity of Isoniazid and Rifampicin." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37744.
Full textGurcha, Sudagar Singh. "Mannan biosynthesis in mycobacterium tuberculosis." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324798.
Full textBarr, D. A. "Characterising HIV-associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis blood stream infection." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2018. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3028670/.
Full textMitchell, Joni. "Reinfection dynamics of mycobacterium tuberculosis." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1474.
Full textReinfection is an important mechanism leading to recurrent tuberculosis. Recently, molecular epidemiological studies have shown that in high incidence settings, recurrent tuberculosis may occur through reinfection. Animal model experiments have shown that a reinfecting mycobacterial strain is specifically targeted to existing granulomas and that these structures are more dynamic than was previously thought. In this study we hypothesised that primary infection with M. tuberculosis may reprogramme human macrophages thereby preventing or facilitating reinfection with a secondary mycobacterial strain. Two antibiotic-resistant M. tuberculosis H37Rv variants were generated by electrotransformation of marked plasmids, designated KanRand HygR . A THP1 human macrophage cell line was infected and reinfected with different combinations of these marked strains as well as a hypervirulent M. tuberculosis Beijing strain. Mycobacterial growth has been assessed by colony forming unit enumeration and confirmed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. In vitro growth curves of wild-type and differentially marked M. tuberculosis H37Rv Kan Rand HygR strains were compared in the BACTECTM mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGITTM) system in parallel with conventional liquid culturing. In vitro liquid culture growth curves of hypervirulent clinical Beijing strain isolates were also compared to M. tuberculosis H37Rv growth curves. Through this it was established that there was no fitness cost as result of plasmid integration and that these strains of varying virulence had similar growth curves. Competitive dynamics within THP1 human macrophage cells were then assessed and have shown that there were no significant differences in growth patterns between primary and secondary infecting strains during THP1 cell reinfection. The findings of this study answered fundamental questions regarding reinfection of mycobacterial strains. It was established here that human macrophages can indeed be reinfected with a second virulent mycobacterial strain.
Alexi, Nancy. "Interactions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv with murine peritoneal macrophages." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292725.
Full textKrüüner, Annika. "Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Estonia /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-455-0/.
Full textHamerman, Jessica Ann. "Macrophage activation during Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8359.
Full textMillington, Kerry. "Functional antigen-specific T cell responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437349.
Full textEstorninho, Megan. "Studies on mycobacterium tuberculosis transcriptional regulators involved in intracellular infection." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511105.
Full textRedford, Paul Stuart. "Regulatory mechanisms inhibiting anti-mycobacterial immunity following Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445023/.
Full textYates, T. A. "Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in Southern Africa : exploring patterns, locating transmission." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1532679/.
Full textMoshi, Noell Dominika. "Characterization of CD8 T cell responses in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis infection." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11785.
Full textBooty, Matthew Gregory. "Regulation of Effector CD8+ T Cells During Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17465317.
Full textMedical Sciences
Ault, Russell. "Extremes in Timing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection: Implications for Managing Human Susceptibility to Tuberculosis." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1584623051351308.
Full textFreches, Danielle. "Etude du rôle de l'Interleukine 17A dans la réponse immunitaire contre Mycobacterium tuberculosis dans le modèle murin et applications vaccinales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209679.
Full textDans la deuxième partie du travail, nous avons analysé l’effet de la neutralisation de l’IL-12 sur la susceptibilité de souris préalablement vaccinées avec le Bacille de Calmette et Guérin (BCG) à une infection par M. tuberculosis. La neutralisation de l’IL-12 a été réalisée en utilisant un auto-vaccin anti-IL-12. Les résultats ont confirmé le rôle essentiel de l’IL-12 dans la protection contre une infection primaire avec M. tuberculosis ;ils ont cependant également permis de démontrer que la neutralisation de l’IL-12 n’exerce qu’un effet très modeste sur la protection conférée par le vaccin BCG. Ainsi, la diminution d’IFN-γ induite par la neutralisation de l’IL-12 semble être compensée par une augmentation de la production de TNF-α, d’IL-6 et plus particulièrement de l’IL-17A.
En conclusion, notre travail indique que la réponse IL-17A est importante pour la protection contre M. tuberculosis que ce soit lors d’une infection primaire ou en cas de réponse mémoire. De plus, nos observations renforcent l’idée de plus en plus communément admise que l’IFN-γ seul n’est pas suffisant pour protéger contre M. tuberculosis/Tuberculosis is a contagious disease caused by infection with M. tuberculosis. Due to its high global incidence, the length and cost of antibiotic treatments, the emergence of antibiotics resistant strains and co-infection with HIV, Tuberculosis remains a major health problem. In addition, World Health Organization estimates that one-third of the world population is latently infected with M. tuberculosis. The development of an efficient vaccine could lead to a better control of this disease, but for that purpose a better understanding of the protective immune response against M. tuberculosis is essential. It is clear that Th1 immunity and IFN-γ play an essential role in protection against M. tuberculosis. However, numerous aspects of this immune response are still poorly understood, such as the role of the IL-17A response.
In this work, we have analyzed the susceptibility to M. tuberculosis infection in mice genetically inactivated in the IL-17 receptor.A subunit. We have shown that IL-17A signalling is required for long-term control of M. tuberculosis infection, even if the IFN-γ response is increased.
In the second part of this work, we have analyzed the effect of IL-12 in resistance against M. tuberculosis infection and in the protection conferred by the BCG vaccine. For that purpose, IL-12 was neutralized using an anti-IL-12 auto-vaccine. Our results confirm the essential role of IL-12 in the protection against a primary M. tuberculosis infection. Nevertheless, these results also demonstrate that IL-12 neutralization only marginally affect the protection conferred by the BCG vaccine. Indeed, the decreased IFN-γ production induced by IL-12 neutralization in BCG-vaccinated mice seems compensated by increased TNF-α, IL-6 and more specifically IL-17A production.
In conclusion, our data indicate that the IL-17A response is important in protection against M. tuberculosis, both in primary infection or in the case of memory responses. Moreover, our results emphasize the emerging idea that a functional IFN-γ response alone is not sufficient to protect against M. tuberculosis.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Johnstone-Robertson, Simon Peter. "Calculating the risk of infection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in endemic settings." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20195.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: The annual risk of infection (ARI), a measure of recent transmission, has been described as the most important parameter in tuberculosis (TB) epidemics. Nevertheless, mounting evidence suggests all factors contributing to TB transmission are not yet completely understood. This research was performed to investigate the role various parameters, e.g. overcrowding, period of infectivity, ventilation, and infectivity of source cases, play in TB transmission. An established airborne transmission risk model, the Wells-Riley equation (WRE), was modified to account for scenarios where unknown numbers of infectious individuals may be present. Subsequently, the ARI for three indoor locations conducive to TB transmission were calculated. Two locations (households and minibus taxis) were identified in a social mixing survey conducted within a South African community where TB is endemic as a part of this research. The third location (prison) was identified in an earlier independent study in the same community. The impact various interventions could have in reducing the ARI associated with each location was explored. Poor ventilation, severe overcrowding, extended exposure periods, and high incidence rates contributed to high TB transmission risks in each location. The household-associated ARI was related to the number of resident adults. Current TB control programs will only reduce the ARI if household ventilation levels are improved simultaneously. Similar reductions in the ARI could be achieved by trebling current ventilation levels or by separating child and adult sleeping areas. Neighbouring households can also contribute substantially to the ARI. The minibus taxi-associated ARI for drivers and commuters was considerable but readily reduced by opening windows or keeping the fresh-air fan on. Reducing TB case prevalence through active or passive case-finding would reduce the ARI substantially. The prison-associated ARI was proportional to levels of overcrowding. No single intervention, such as improved ventilation, decreased lock-up time, or improved case-finding, would decrease the ARI substantially, but concurrent implementation of all of them to meet national or international standards would. This research shows TB is not only transmitted in epidemics by highly infectious TB cases, but that any TB case, no matter how infectious, has the potential to infect susceptible people under the right conditions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:Die jaarlikse infeksierisiko (ARI) – maatstaf van onlangse siekteoordrag – word as die belangrikste parameter in tuberkulose- (TB-)epidemies bestempel. Nietemin dui toenemende bewyse daarop dat nie álle faktore wat tot TB-oordrag bydra, volledig verstaan word nie. Hierdie navorsing is onderneem om ondersoek in te stel na die rol van verskillende parameters – byvoorbeeld oorbevolking, tydperk van aansteeklikheid, ventilasie en die aansteeklikheid van brongevalle – in TB-verspreiding. Gevestigde model vir die raming van siekteverspreiding deur die lug, die Wells-Riley-vergelyking (WRE), is aangepas vir scenario’s waar onbekende aantal aansteeklike individue moontlik aanwesig is. Daarna is die ARI bereken vir drie ingeslote ruimtes wat TB-oordrag bevorder. Twee van die ruimtes (huishoudings en minibustaxi’s) is ten tyde van die navorsing uitgewys in sosialevermengingsopname in Suid-Afrikaanse gemeenskap waar TB endemies is. Die derde ruimte (gevangenisse) is uitgewys in vroeëre onafhanklike studie in dieselfde gemeenskap. Die navorser het gevolglik bepaal watter moontlike impak verskillende intervensies op die verlaging van die ARI in elke ruimte het. Swak ventilasie, ernstige oorbevolking, verlengde blootstellingstydperke en hoë voorkomsyfers het in elke ruimte tot hoë TB-oordragrisiko bygedra. Die huishoudingsverwante ARI het verband gehou met die aantal volwassenes wat in die huis woon. Huidige TB-beheerprogramme sal slegs die ARI kan verlaag indien huishoudelike ventilasievlakke terselfdertyd verbeter word. Drie keer beter ventilasievlakke of die skeiding van kinders en volwassenes se slaapareas kan soortgelyke verlagings in die ARI teweegbring. Buurhuishoudings kan ook aansienlik tot die ARI bydra. Die minibustaxi-verwante ARI vir bestuurders en pendelaars was beduidend, maar kan betreklik maklik verlaag word deur vensters oop te maak of die varslugwaaier aan te hou. Die vermindering van die voorkoms van TBgevalle deur aktiewe óf passiewe gevalle-opsporing kan die ARI ook beduidend verlaag. Die gevangenisverwante ARI het met vlakke van oorbevolking verband gehou. Geen enkele intervensie soos beter ventilasie, korter toesluittye of beter gevalle-opsporing sal die ARI aansienlik verlaag nie, maar die gelyktydige inwerkingstelling van ál hierdie intervensies in pas met nasionale of internasionale standaarde kan wél. Hierdie navorsing toon dat TB in epidemies nie net deur hoogs aansteeklike TB-gevalle oorgedra word nie, maar dat enige TB-geval, ongeag hoe aansteeklik, die siekte in die regte omstandighede na vatbare mense kan oordra.
Bilton, Matthew. "Activation of MAIT cells, and their role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f6838397-c300-4d00-bac6-60914bc5a69c.
Full textParihar, Suraj P. "A role of statins against listeria monocytogenes and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14393.
Full textCarpenter, Stephen M. "Memory CD8+ T Cell Function during Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2016. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/860.
Full textLundwall-Roos, Theresa Anne. "An investigation into the role of collectins in tuberculosis infection." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50269.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Please see fulltext for abstract.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tuberkulose (TB) affekteer die hele wêreld, maar dit is veral in ontwikkelende lande 'n groot probleem. In Suid-Afrika, soos in baie ander lande, veroorsaak die immuun-paraliserende uitwerking van HIV -koïnfeksie dat die TB-epidemie voortwoeker. Daar is bewyse dat genetiese faktore in die gasheer die uitkoms van die siekte bepaal, aangesien slegs 10% van die individue wat deur Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M tuberculosis) geïnfekteer word, uiteindelik die aktiewe siekte ontwikkel. Die aangebore immuunsisteem is die liggaam se eerste verdedigingslinie, waarna die verworwe immuunreaksie geïnisieer word. Die bakterium se lotgevalle word moontlik bepaal in hierdie vroeë stadium pas nadat dit ingeasem is. Die kollektien-molekule is veral in die long 'n belangrike deel van die aangebore immuunrespons en sluit die mannose-bindende lektien en die surfaktantproteïene A (SP-A) en D (SP-D) in. Dit is al aangetoon dat hierdie drie kollektien-molekule in die gasheer 'n rol speel in die verdediging teen M tuberculosis. In hierdie ondersoek is veral klem gelê op die surfaktantproteïene, wat voorkom asof dit belangrike en kenmerkende rolle speel in die reaksie teen die ingeasemde bakterieë. SP-A versterk die aanhegting van M tuberculosis aan die alveolêre makrofage en verhoog fagositose, terwyl SP-D die bakterieë agglutineer en so verhoed dat dit deur die makrofage gefagositeer word. Gekontroleerde assosiasiestudies in pasiënte is gedoen deur polimorfismes in hierdie gene, wat geassosieer is met TB in ander bevolkings as ons eie, te bestudeer. 'n Polimorfisme in die amino-terminaal area van die SP-D-geen is positief geassosieer met vatbaarheid vir TB. 'n Familie-gebaseerde studie is ook gedoen om die resultate van die gekontroleerde assosiasiestudie te repliseer. Verskillende resultate is verkry en word moontlik bepaal deur die familiestruktuur wat gebruik is. Die aantal families wat bestudeer is, was relatief min en daarom kan daar nie afgelei word dat die assosiasie wat voorheen waargeneem is vals is nie. 'n Groter studie sal gedoen moet word. Die impak van hierdie polimorfisme is verder ondersoek om te bepaal of dit die totale struktuur van die proteïen beïnvloed. Die effekte van hierdie polimorfisme op die konsentrasie van SP-D in die serum van aktiewe TB-pasiënte is ondersoek en vergelyk met die van kontroles. Ons kon nie vasstel watter rol, indien enige, die polimorfisme in die totale struktuur van die SP-D-molekule speel nie, maar ons het bewys dat die serumkonsentrasie van SP-D beduidend verhoog was in aktiewe TB-pasiënte in vergelyking met kontroles (p < 0.0001). Verder het ons ook gedemonstreer dat die konsentrasie van SP-D beduidend verhoog was in die IT-genotipe van die aktiewe TB pasiënte vergeleke met die kontroles (p < 0.0001). Die IT-genotipe is al voorheen positief geassosieer met vatbaarheid vir TB (T. Roos, ongepubliseerde inligting). Verskeie alleliese variante is geïdentifiseer in die SP-A-gene (SP-A1 en SP-A2) wat saam die volle funksionele SP-A-proteïen vorm. Polimorfismes wat onlangs in die kollageen-agtige area van SP-A 1 en SP-A2 gevind is (Madan et al., 2002) en een nuwe polimorfisme wat in hierdie studie geïdentifiseer is, is ondersoek in 'n Suid-Afrikaanse bevolking. Ons het beduidende positiewe assosiasie tussen 'n polimorfisme in die kollageen-agtige area van die SP-A2 geen en vatbaarheid vir TB (p = 0.007) aangetoon. Ons bevindinge bewys die belangrikheid van die bestudering van mensgenetika, wat die immuunkompetensie rig, om vatbaarheid vir infektiewe siektes te verstaan.
Restis, Eva Marie. "Development of Drug Loaded Nanoparticles for Treatment of Mycobacterium avium Infection." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52565.
Full textPh. D.
LOPES, Lilian Kelly de Oliveira. "INFECÇÃO PELO Mycobacterium tuberculosis ENTRE OS PROFISSIONAIS DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM, EM UM HOSPITAL DE DOENÇAS INFECCIOSAS, GOIÂNIA - GO." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2006. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/742.
Full textAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), an hundred million of individuals are infected by M. tuberculosis, annually. Health care workers play an important role to control of tuberculosis, but they are also at high risk for this infection. Then, the objectives of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence of M tuberculosis infection in nursing professionals from the Tropical Diseases Hospital in Goiânia City, State of Goiás, to analyze the factors associated to tuberculin skin test (TST) positivity and to determine the TB infection incidence density in susceptible professionals Initially, the prevalence and factors associated to TST were investigated in 128 eligible individuals. Further, susceptible professionals (n=32) were followed up during three years (2001-2004) to detect TST conversion. Of the total individuals investigated, 69.5% (IC 95%: 60.7-77.2) were positive to TST. Two occupational factors were independently associated to skin test positivity: duration of profissional activity longer than 5 years (Adjustd OR = 6.3; 95% CI: 1.5-26.2) and occupational contact with a person with pulmonary TB ≤ 2 years (Adjusted OR = 12.2; 95% CI: 1.2-106.3). Seven profissionals showed tuberculinic conversion during the three years of follow up, and an incidence density of 11.5 new conversions to 100 persons-year was detected. All of them had taken care of patients during the period of the study. Two individuals developed tuberculosis disease. The data of this study ratify the high risk of tuberculosis in nursing team, and highlight the importance of this infection as an occupational disease to nursing professionals of our region.
De acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), cem milhões de pessoas são infectadas pelo M. tuberculosis, a cada ano. Os profissionais de saúde são importantes para o controle da tuberculose, mas também um grupo de risco elevado para esta infecção. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a prevalência da infecção causada pelo M. tuberculosis em profissionais de enfermagem de uma instituição especializada em doenças infecciosas, em Goiânia Go, analisar os fatores associados à positividade à prova tuberculínica nesta população e determinar a densidade de incidência da infecção pelo M. tuberculosis, nos profissionais susceptíveis. Inicialmente, verificou-se a prevalência e os fatores associados à positividade à PT. A seguir, os profissionais suscetíveis à infecção (n=32) foram acompanhados, por três anos (2001-2004), para detecção de conversão tuberculínica. Do total de profissionais investigados, 69,5% (IC 95%: 60,7- 77,2) foram positivos à PT. Dois fatores ocupacionais foram independentemente associados à positividade à PT: tempo de atividade profissional > 5 anos (OR ajustado = 6,3; IC 95%: 1,5-26,2) e último contato laboral com alguém com TB ≤ 2 anos (OR ajustado = 12,2; IC95%: 1,2-106,3). Sete profissionais apresentaram viragem tuberculínica, resultando em uma densidade de incidência de 11,5 novas conversões por 100 pessoas/ano. Todos desenvolviam atividades assistenciais, durante o período do estudo. Duas profissionais desenvolveram tuberculose doença. Os resultados, deste estudo, ratificam o elevado risco de tuberculose nos profissionais de enfermagem, e evidenciam a importância desta infecção como doença ocupacional para equipe de enfermagem de nossa região.
Augenstreich, Jacques. "Rôle et mécanismes moléculaires d'action des lipides de l'enveloppe de Mycobacterium tuberculosis dans la virulence." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30111/document.
Full textMycobacterium tuberculosis is the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis (TB), a severe respiratory disease. TB is a major public health threat; one third of the world's population is latently infected by M. tuberculosis, and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant forms of TB confirms that there is a need to develop new therapeutic approaches to control the spread of TB. However, in order to attain that goal, it is crucial to decipher the infectious mechanisms of M. tuberculosis. Research in the team of C. Guilhot focuses on lipids from the envelope of M. tuberculosis which are involved in virulence, in particular those implicated in the interaction of the bacteria with host macrophages. One of these lipids stands out for its crucial role in this interaction: Phthiocerol Dimycocerosate (DIM). Despite its importance, the molecular mechanism of action of DIM is still unknown. The objectives of my PhD were 1) to study the role of DIM in the intracellular trafficking of M. tuberculosis in macrophages, and 2) to decipher the molecular mechanism of action of DIM. By a combination of biological and biophysical techniques, we showed that DIM contributes to phagosomal rupture and induction of apoptosis in macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis, in collaboration with another major virulence factor: ESAT-6. At the molecular level, we confirmed that DIM is transferred to the membrane of the macrophage on contact with M. tuberculosis and induces a local membrane rigidification around the point of contact with the bacterium. We observed that DIM incorporated in membranes is able to promote the membranolytic activity of ESAT-6, and other yet unidentified bacterial factor(s). DIM has a pleiotropic role in the interaction between M. tuberculosis and macrophages, presumably through alterations of the membrane's biophysical properties that influence the activity of membrane effectors from both the bacteria and the host. Thus, this work paves the way for the study of the mechanisms of action of other virulence lipids, some of which could also be inserted in the macrophage membrane
Yang, Jason D. "Antigen Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Recognition During Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection." eScholarship@UMMS, 2018. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/968.
Full textMakatsa, Mohau Steven. "Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific Th22 cells in HIV-TB co-infection." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32398.
Full textKim, Jiae. "Effects of Surfactant Proteins A and D on Infection with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1428580276.
Full textJones, Shelby-Sara Ann. "The role of Lymphoblastic leukemia 1 (Lyl1) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33727.
Full textRothchild, Alissa Chen. "Antimicrobial Roles for iNKT Cells and GM-CSF in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11371.
Full textSchuck, Sebastian D. "Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T-cell responses in latent infection and active disease." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15916.
Full textAdaptive immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) are crucial for an efficient containment of the pathogen and protection against secondary tuberculosis (TB). Although key mediators like the Th1 cytokines IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha released by M. tuberculosis-specific T cells are known, the immunological correlates determining the outcome of infection remain elusive. A better understanding of the underlying immune processes and the identification of protective biomarkers for TB are central aims of this thesis. To address these topics adaptive immune responses to M. tuberculosis were analyzed in healthy LTBI and patients with active pulmonary TB. The recognition of M. tuberculosis derived antigens was studied by measuring the expression of IFN-gamma in CD4+ CD45RO+ memory T cells. A special hallmark was the inclusion of latency proteins associated with dormancy, reactivation and resuscitation of the pathogen. Seven days in vitro incubation of PBMC and two rounds of restimulation followed by FACS analysis revealed T cell mediated recognition of the majority of tested latency-associated proteins in donors with LTBI. Comparison between active TB and LTBI documented significantly higher T-cell responses against 7 of 35 tested M. tuberculosis latency-associated antigens in LTBI. Notably, T cells specific for one M. tuberculosis antigen, namely Rv3407, were exclusively detected in the subgroup of LTBI. Discrimination analysis revealed that the T-cell response against selected antigens with our novel assay is capable of distinguishing TB patients and LTBI with 82% accuracy using cross-validation. Again Rv3407 was by far the most influential component present in this cluster. Peptide pool stimulation in a similar fashion identified single distinct candidate epitopes within Rv3407 in four LTBI.
Veenstra, Hannelore F. U. "The investigation of peripheral blood cellular immune responses during infection with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1180.
Full textBegg, Douglas, and n/a. "Immune profiles in sheep following experimental infection with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis." University of Otago. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070427.142318.
Full textHill, Philip Campbell. "Evaluation of a T-cell assay for mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the Gambia." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5539.
Full textDowall, Stuart David. "Immune responses to BCG immunisation and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in non-human primates." Thesis, Open University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504257.
Full textMwandumba, Henry Charles. "Modulation of human alveolar microphage function during mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV co-infection." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443938.
Full textThawer, Narjis Khatoon G. "Investigating defects in monocyte responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV-TB co-infection." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5923.
Full textAthman, Jaffre Joseph. "Membrane vesicle trafficking of immune modulatory stimuli during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1473274168613373.
Full textJacques, Miye K. "Role of Tim3 in Mediating T Cell Exhaustion During Chronic Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection." eScholarship@UMMS, 2017. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/912.
Full textJacques, Miye K. "Role of Tim3 in Mediating T Cell Exhaustion During Chronic Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection." eScholarship@UMMS, 2007. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/912.
Full textDosanjh, Davinder. "Improving diagnosis of tuberculosis infection by detecting ex-vivo T cell responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis deleted region antigens." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440145.
Full textReuter, Helmuth. "The immunopathogenesis and treatment of tuberculous pericardial effusions in a population with a high prevalence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1411.
Full textGarnett, Benjamin Thomas. "Behavioural aspects of bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) transmission and infection in badgers (Meles meles)." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272050.
Full textBerry, M. P. R. "Transcriptional profiling of whole blood to survey the host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/19192/.
Full textBackus, Keriann Marie. "Incorporation of trehalose analogues into Mycobacterium tuberculosis : antigen 85 and probes of bacterial infection." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:882d8560-c0d3-471b-a896-224a6b22a0f0.
Full textKreutzfeldt, Kaj Maximiliane. "Characterisation of host determinants that influence host-pathogen interaction during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2015. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/9c2b2ddd-2ae7-4a8e-934a-a7e1dd28369a.
Full textDAIM, Sylvia. "Expression of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPE37 protein in Mycobacterium smegmatis induces low TNF-α and IL-6 production in murine macrophages." Kyoto University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/142100.
Full textIbrahim, Murad. "Evaluation of the bactericidal and sterilizing activity of diaryquinoline R207910 in murine model of tuberculosis." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066168.
Full textRationale: tuberculosis is the second-ranked infectious disease leading to mortality after AIDS. There are 9. 2 million people develop new disease yearly, and 1. 7 million died from TB in 2006. The efficacy of TB treatment is limited by its length, complexity (4 drugs for 6 months) and by drug resistant tuberculosis. New drugs that are more active than those available today, and that allow shortening of the treatment duration are being developed. R207910 belongs to a new family of antituberculosis drug, the diarylquinolines, inhibiting ATP synthase. Objectives: we evaluated the bactericidal and sterilizing activity of R207910 alone and included in drug combinations. Materials and Methods: Swiss mice were infected by intravenous route with M. Tuberculosis H37Rv. Treatment efficacy was assessed by colony forming units (CFU) counts in lungs and/or spleens at the end of treatment (bactericidal activity) or after 3 months of follow-up period without treatment (sterilizing activity). Results: R207910 at a dose of 25 mg/kg demonstrated bactericidal activity after 4 days. After 2 months of treatment, R207910 (25 mg/kg 5 days/week, 50 mg/kg 2 days/week, 100 mg/kg 1 day/week) decreased bacillary load by 5 log10 CFU, and was more active than the currently available antituberculous drugs. Thus, R207910 could be given once weekly with a bactericidal activity equivalent to daily treatment given that total weekly dose was the same. Due to the synergism between R207910 and pyrazinamide, 2 months of treatment with double or triple combinations R207910+pyrazinamide±isoniazid or rifampin or moxifloxacin led to lung culture negativity 70 to 100% of mice. On the other hand only 30% of lungs were culture negative among mice treated with regimens containing R207910 but not pyrazinamide. When R207910 was combined with first line antituberculous drugs, the duration of treatment and relapse rate were reduced. The sterilizing activity of four drug combination containing R207910, isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide was equivalent in 4 months to the sterilizing activity of isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide in 6 months (6% vs 17% relapse rate). We also demonstrated that, when R207910 was combined with rifapentine and pyrazinamide, this combination given once weekly rendered 9 of 10 mice culture negative in only 2 month. Such activity was not obtained with any other intermittent regimen and was even superior to standard daily treatment (isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide). Conclusion: in murine tuberculosis, R207910 demonstrated potent activity in both initial and continuation phase of treatment. Four months of treatment of certain combinations containing R207910 are as active as 6 months of standard treatment
Bastos, Gisele Medeiros. "Papel da proteína HspX do Mycobacterium tuberculosis na regulação de genes relacionados à adaptação morfológica de micobactérias ao período de dormência, utilizando Mycobacterium smegmatis como organismo modelo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-25042013-152531/.
Full textThe maintenance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection latent (TBIL) may be attributed to its ability to persist for years in the host in a non-replicative state (dormant). The HspX protein from M. tuberculosis, induced under hypoxic, is strongly associated with maintaining the bacillus viability in TBIL. This study aims to determine if HspX overexpression chances the expression of genes involved in the synthesis of cell wall components, DNA replication and cell division of bacilli, as well as, the expression of genes involved in innate immune response of macrophages infected. The gene hspX was amplified by PCR from DNA of M. tuberculosis H37Rv, and cloned into the expression vector pFPCA1GFP. The HspX was expressed in M. smegmatis mc2155 and the recombinant protein was confirmed by Western blot. The bacterias expressing HspX were used for gene expression analysis both in bacteria and in infected macrophages by RT-PCRq. In bacterias expressing HspX, it was observed a reduction in expression of genes involved in DNA replication and cell division, and with cells more filamentous and smaller colonies, compared with controls. In addition, in macrophages infected with bacillus expressing HspX, there was an increase in both mRNA expression and secretion of IL-1b, an important cytokine for granuloma stability, and a reduction in expression of IRGM, an autophagic gene, important for host defense mechanism against intracellular bacteria. Together, these results suggest a direct or indirect contribution of HspX protein for metabolic and morphological adaptation of dormant bacteria in TBIL, and for the innate immune response in infected macrophages, improving the bacteria intracellular viability.
Mawa, P. A. "The impact of maternal infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis on the infant response to BCG immunisation." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2017. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/3928321/.
Full textJaeckel, Gilta. "Immunopathogenesis of chronic Mycobacterium marinum infection in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20897.
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