Journal articles: 'Murashige and Skoog'

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Srilestari, Rina, and Suwardi Suwardi. "INDUCTION OF ABACA BANANA ROOTS BY IN VITRO USING KINDS OF MEDIA AND THIAMIN." Agrivet 26, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/agrivet.v26i1.4304.

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Abaca is a type a banana with high economic value with it stem fiber used in textile and paper industries. As a superior commodity, its number is relatively limited, with the need of a largeplanting area to meet the high market demand. The aim of the research was to observe the abaca banana explants response to various media and Thiamin. The experiment was done at Biotechnology laboratory, UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta. Treatments were arranged in completely randomized design with 2 factor. The first factor is the growing media: Murashige & Skoog, a half Murashige & Skoog media, Vacint & Went Media and the second factor is the Thiamin concentration: 2 mg/L; 3 mg/L; 4 mg/mL.The results showed there is an interactions on the parameters of planlet height, number of lenghth of root in the combination of Murashige and Skoog and thiamin 3 mg/L medium. Murashige and Skoog medium produced the highest fresh weight and dry weight and Thiamin concentration 3 mg/L produced fresh and dry weight in the highestKey words: abaka, root induction, various media, thiamin

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Arfa, Nadia Fakhriyati, Endang Nurcahyani, Zulkifli Zulkifli, and Tundjung Tripeni Handayani. "Nepenthes mirabilis (Lour.) Druce Planlet at a Various Levels of Murashige & Skoog Medium Density In Vitro." Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Eksperimen dan Keanekaragaman Hayati 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jbekh.v6i2.25.

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This study aims to determine the variation of the stomata index of the Kantong Semar (Nepenthes mirabilis) planlet at a various medium density of the Murashige and Skoog. This study used a Completely Randomized Design using one factor (medium density of the Murashige and Skoog). We used 5 levels of medium density, i.e.: 1/16 MS, 1/8 MS, 1/4 MS, 1/2 MS, and MS. Homogeneity test used Levene’s test of 5% significance level, then analysis of variance is carried out at 5% significance level and followed by Tukey test at 5% significance level. The results showed that the lower the level of Murashige and Skoog medium density on the Nepenthes mirabilis plantlet, the stomata index also increased.

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Shahriyar, Sayeed, Soleh Akram, Koushik Khan, Md Faruk Miya, and Md Abdur Rauf Sarkar. "In vitro plant regeneration of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) at the rate of different hormonal concentration." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 1, no. 2 (November 23, 2015): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v1i2.25625.

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One of the goals of the experiment is to standardization of HgCl2 treatment for explants sterilization. The objectives also include developing a reproducible cost effective protocol for large scale production of Solanum tuberosum of Cardinal variety plantlets from selectively better clones through plant in vitro propagation methods. Selection of growth regulators for proper multiple shoots regeneration, elongation and root induction. To produce genetically uniform plantlets within a short time capable surviving in natural condition raised in in vitro environment. Shoot tip and nodal segment explants from field grown plants were used as experimental materials in this investigation. All explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with various plant growth regulators. For surface sterilization of explants, HgCl2 (0.1%) for 2 minutes was found to be most effective for complete destroying of surface pathogens and getting healthy tissues. Shoot regeneration was observed from both shoot tips and nodal explants for the studied plant. Maximum number of shoot per culture (17) was recorded and it also obtained the highest average length of the shoot (5cm) in Murashige and Skoog medium containing no hormone. On the other hand 6-benzyl amino purine (0.2mg/l) in 3 media showed the highest rate of shoot multiplication (73%) and the highest average length (4cm). In case of Gibberellic acid (0.1mg/l) in Murashige and Skoog media showed its highest rate of shoot regeneration (82%) and the highest average length (4.5cm). From the overall experiment it was observed that shoot tips are more responsive for micro propagation. In root induction Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different concentration (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2mg/l) of indol-3-acetic acid and kinetin. Indol-3-acetic acid and kinetin (1.5+1.5 mg/l) showed its lowest rate of root regeneration (40%) and the average length of the root (1.5 cm). On the contrary Murashige and Skoog medium with no hormone showed the rate of root regeneration (96%) and the highest average length of the root (2.5 cm). The supplemented Murashige and Skoog media with no hormone showed the best performance for root regeneration.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 297-303

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Mederos, Sebastiana, Lucía San Andrés, and Javier G. Luis. "Rosmanol controls explants browing of Hypericum canariensis L. during the in vitro estabilishment of shoots." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 66, no. 3-4 (2014): 347–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1997.042.

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An efficient method for eradication of browning exudate was developed for Hypericum canariensis. For this purpose the effect of natural products on browning exudates were investigated in four types of culture media: Murashige and Skoog (MS, 1962); Gamborg's (B5, 1979); Woody Plant Medium (WPM, Lloyd and McCown 1981) and modified Quoirin and Lepoivre (QL.4) (Mederos 1991, Mederos et al. 1995) basal macroelements; these basal macroelements were supplemented with the microelement formula described by Murashige and Skoog (MS, 1962). During the establishment of shoots organogenesis potential was achieved in the Murashige and Skoog (MS, 1962) and modified Quoirin and Lepoivre (QL. 4) (Mederos 1991, Mederos et al. 1995) media after browning exudates was eliminated by rosmanol treatments. Rosmanol is a powerful diterpenic antioxidant isolated from Salvia canariensis L., a medicinal species endemic to the Canary Islands.

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Flinn, Barry S., David T. Webb, and Wanda Georgis. "In vitro control of caulogenesis by growth regulators and media components in embryonic explants of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus)." Canadian Journal of Botany 64, no. 9 (September 1, 1986): 1948–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b86-258.

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Horizontally oriented embryos of Pinus strobus (L.) produced shoots on Schenk and Hildebrandt medium containing cytokinin. Shoots developed primarily from cotyledons in contact with the medium. Seed pretreatments at 5 or 27 °C did not affect caulogenesis. N6-Benzyladenine (BA) and N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine (2iP) both induced caulogenesis, with BA being 10–20 times more potent than 2iP. High BA levels caused callus formation. BA exposures from 1 to 8 weeks were equally caulogenic with horizontal explants, but exposures longer than 2 weeks led to increased variability and callus formation. A 1-week, upside-down, vertical orientation during BA treatment increased the uniformity of cotyledon response and was as caulogenic as a 4-week horizontal BA exposure. Neither auxins nor triiodobenzoic acid induced or significantly enhanced shoot formation. Full-strength Schenk and Hildebrandt medium was superior to Murashige and Skoog medium for shoot induction. Dilution of Schenk and Hildebrandt medium had no significant effect on shoot production, but shoot elongation was suppressed on one quarter strength Schenk and Hildebrandt medium. Half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium was as caulogenic as Schenk and Hildebrandt medium. The NH4 level of the macronutrients was responsible for the difference between Schenk and Hildebrant medium and Murashige and Skoog medium. The higher NH4 concentration of Murashige and Skoog medium inhibited shoot formation.

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Das, P. "Mass cloning of Rose and Mussaenda, popular garden plants, via somatic embryogenesis." Horticultural Science 37, No. 2 (May 6, 2010): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/57/2009-hortsci.

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Protocols were developed for propagation of Rosa hybrida cv. Landora and Mussaenda erythrophylla cv. Rosea via somatic embryogenesis by manipulating growth regulators and culture conditions. Calli were induced from young leaf explants of Rosa hybrida cv. Landora and Mussaenda erythrophylla cv. Rosea on Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine or kinetin along with indole-3-acetic acid or 2,4-dichloroacetic acid within four weeks of culture. The calli were subcultured either in the same medium or in a modified medium for induction of embryogenic callus. Embryogenic calli in rose were developed on Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 0.5–1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine, 2.0 mg/l 2,4-dichloroacetic acid, and 400–800 mg/l l-proline or l-glutamine. The results showed that stimulation of auxin-induced somatic embryogenesis by proline has a great impact on development of somatic embryos and secondary somatic embryogenesis in rose. In Mussaenda, embryogenic calli were developed on Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 0.5–1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine, 2.0–3.0 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid, and 10 mg/l ascorbic acid. Somatic embryos were isolated and transferred to half-strength Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 0.25–0.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine + 0.1 mg/l gibberelic acid + 5.0 mg/l adenine sulfate and 2% sucrose for maturation and germination. About 70% somatic embryos of Mussaenda germinated. The rose somatic embryos, however, did not germinate. The somatic embryos of rose, when incubated in the dark at 4°C for two weeks and transferred to 1/2 strength Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.25 mg/l gibberelic acid, and 2% sucrose, showed 60% germination. The seedlings showed a distinct shoot development but the radicles were blunt without well-defined root system. The shoots were harvested and cultured in the multiplication medium containing Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid for four weeks and then subcultured in the same medium for further multiplication. The somatic embryos of Mussaenda erythrophylla cv. Rosea germinated into normal plantlets with distinct shoot and well-developed root system. The somatic embryo-derived plantlets grew normally and flowered within two months of transfer to the field.

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Mpika, Joseph, Chanelle Bertille Mvoumbi Tete, Chrichina Mbon Nguekou, Blaise Pascal Ngondo, Laurine Valerie Mboutol-Mandavo, and Attibayeba a. "ORGANOGENESE IN VITRO DES FRAGMENTS DE TUBERCULES DE POMME DE TERRE (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L. VAR. AIDA) CULTIVES DANS LE DEPARTEMENT DES PLATEAUX (REPUBLIQUE DU CONGO)." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 08 (August 31, 2022): 1065–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15270.

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The production of potatoes rich in starch and essential nutrients does not cover the needs of Congolese consumers. This is due to strong genetic erosion and the absence of high-performance local varieties as well as the unavailability of seeds for new plantations. The seed produced by traditional techniques does not meet the demand of producers. This study aims to produce seed potatoes by the technique of in vitro culture. Tubers disinfected with 10% sodium hypochlorite are kept at 4Ã‚Â°C for 20 days to produce microtubers by bud burst others are placed in heat therapy conditions to produce micro-cuttings. Microtubers and microcuttings are taken, then cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog medium on the one hand and on Murashige and Skoog medium to which 0.05 mg/ml of indolylbutyric acid is added on the other hand. The cold favors the bud burst of the potato tubers after a week. On vitroplants from microtubers developing on Murashige and Skoog medium to which 0.05 mg / ml of indolylbutyric acid is added, 5 roots, 6 leaves and a stem with a height of 6.05 cm are recorded. On the medium of Murashige and Skoog, we observe 3 roots, 7 leaves and a stem 5.69 cm in height. Regarding microprogation, the results obtained showed that growth hormone plays an important role in the different stages of regeneration compared to the medium without phytohormone.

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Martini, Priscilla Cavalcante, Lilia Willadino, Gilberto Dias Alves, and Virgínia Maria Tenório Sabino Donato. "Propagação de orquídea Gongora quinquenervis por semeadura in vitro." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 36, no. 10 (October 2001): 1319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2001001000015.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a germinação e a organogênese in vitro em Gongora quinquenervis em dois meios nutritivos, Knudson "C" e Murashige & Skoog, com três concentrações de BAP (0,0, 0,5 e 1,0 mg L-1). Os protocormos cultivados no meio Knudson "C" necrosaram. A maioria dos embriões cultivados em meio Murashige & Skoog tendeu a diferenciar-se em calos. Estes calos apresentaram alto potencial morfogenético, regenerando grande número de plantas via organogênese indireta, sobretudo no material proveniente do tratamento desprovido de BAP. Foram formadas 41 plantas pela rota normal de germinação, contrastando com 715 plantas regeneradas via organogênese indireta.

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Abdelazeez, Walla Abdelmaksood, Landysh Zavdetovna Khusnetdinova, and Olga Arnoldovna Timofeeva. "Future outlook of plant growth regulators application influencing callus induction from different type explant Hyoscyamus muticus L. in vitro." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201873101.

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The article shows the results concerning the problem of the influence of the hormonal composition of the medium on callus induction in isolated from different explants of Egyptian henbane areas (on the example of Hyoscyamus muticus L.). The authors study 11 variants of Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different concentrations and combination of auxins and cytokinins. It was important to find nutrient medium modification of Murashige and Skoog for callus induction. The article describes the fact that callus formation from different explant types of Hyoscyamus muticus L. in vitro was observed on Murashige and Skoog medium fortified with benzylaminopurine and naphthylacetic acid. It shows that the maximum callus induction was observed from root explants on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l of benzylaminopurine and 1.0 mg/l of naphthylacetic acid. And minimal callus formation was observed in the area with benzylaminopurine. Callus induction of leaf and stem explants both on the hormone-free nutrient medium and with the benzylaminopurine only was not observed. Thus, the results show that the frequency of callus formation with culturing root segment is higher compared to leaf and stem segment explants (on the example of Egyptian henbane in culture in vitro ). This work aims to inducing callus formation from various explants of Egyptian henbane, which can be used for plant regeneration or as a source for in vitro production of secondary metabolites.

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López-Puc, Guadalupe, Adriana Canto-Flick, Felipe Barredo-Pool, Patricia Zapata-Castillo, María del C. Montalvo-Peniche, Felipe Barahona-Pérez, Nancy Santana-Buzzy, and Lourdes Iglesias-Andreu. "Direct Somatic Embryogenesis: A Highly Efficient Protocol for In Vitro Regeneration of Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)." HortScience 41, no. 7 (December 2006): 1645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.7.1645.

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To induce somatic embryogenesis in habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.), the cultivar BVll-03, belonging to the red type, was used. Different explants were evaluated, as were different culture media, the composition of which varied in the content of plant growth regulators. Results showed the formation of somatic embryos from cotyledons, zygotic embryos, germinated zygotic embryos, hypocotyls, and cotyledonary leaves. Explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2,4-D (9.05 μm). The somatic embryos always formed directly from the explant, without callus formation, and the greatest efficiency was obtained when segments of hypocotyls were cultured, obtaining 175 ± 20 somatic embryos per explant. Only the somatic embryos obtained on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2,4-D (9.05 μm) and treated with abscisic acid (ABA) (1.89 μm) before their transfer to the germination media (Murashige and Skoog + 1.1 μm GA3) emitted their radicule and expanded their cotyledonary leaves (60%), whereas the remaining embryos did not achieve germination because of different causes (abnormalities, delayed development). Not only is this protocol of somatic embryogenesis the first to be reported for this species (C. chinense Jacq.), but it is also the most efficient reported so far, within the Capsicum genus.

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ALARCÓN P., Juan C., Diego M. MARTINEZ M., and Andra SALAZAR-OSPINA. "In vitro PROPAGATION OF Heliconia curtispatha P, PLANT USED AGAINST SNAKEBITE BY SOME RURAL COMMUNITIES OF THE COLOMBIAN REGION OF URABÁ." Vitae 18, no. 3 (November 23, 2011): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.vitae.10650.

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Heliconia curtispatha Petersen (Zingiberales) commonly known as platanillo, is used in colombian traditional medicine by its anti-edema, antihaemorrhagic and neutralising action of Bothrops asper (mapaná, X) venom, responsible for 95% of snakebites in the country. The previous, emphasizes its utility and potential function as helper in the treatment of the ophidian accident. The in vitro propagation techniques becomes an interesting tool for plant and metabolites production, because of the hazardous accessibility to plants in their natural environment and the deficiency of previous studies on in vitro multiplication of the specie. In the present work, plantlets are obtained from seeds and its in vitro p ropagation is evaluated in Murashige & Skoog semi-solid and liquid medium without or in combination with citokinines-like. Experimentally, it promotes the propagation of Heliconia (2 weeks outbreaks -1) when using Murashige & Skoog liquid medium without added growth regulators or by using Murashige & Skoog semisolid adding 2 mg.L-1 6-benzylaminopurine 0.93 week outbreaks -1. This is the first report of in vitro propagation of H. curtispatha and the first step for the study of secondary metabolites with potential venom that can occur under such conditions.

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Hunková, Júlia, Gabriela Libiaková, Jozef Fejér, Tatjana Vujovic, and Alena Gajdosová. "Testing of different iron sources and concentrations on shoot multiplication of blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.)." Genetika 50, no. 1 (2018): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1801351h.

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The aim of this work was to evaluate shoot multiplication of two blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) cultivars ?Black Satin? and ?Loch Ness? on two culture media: Murashige & Skoog (MS) and its modification Murashige & Skoog Van der Salm medium (MS VDS) which differ only in iron source (FeNaEDTA, FeEDDHA, respectively). Statistical analyses showed no significant difference in shoot multiplication between different iron sources for both tested cultivars. For ?Black Satin? it was shown that double concentration of chelates FeNaEDTA and FeEDDHA in culture media negatively affected on shoot growth and multiplication. These results can be very useful for further optimization of micropropagation process for different Rubus cultivars.

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Qu, Yong, and Colin R. Norton. "Micropropagation of Meconopsis befonicifolia Franch. from Immature Seeds." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 4, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): 74–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-4.3.74.

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A system for micropropagation of Meconopsis betonicifolia Franch. was developed. Strength of Murashige and Skoog salts, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and cytokinin were varied to determine optimal treatments. Seedlings were used as explant material after root removal. One-third-strength Murashige and Skoog media produced greater survival than the same medium at full strength. Two or 5 mg 1−1 benzyladenine, kinetin or isopentenyladenine combined with 0.2 mg 1−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic accid induced the formation of multiple meristems and multiple shoots in Meconopsis. In the second subculture, explants originally cultured on benzyladenine or kinetin containing medium produced more multiple meristems and shoots than those originally cultured on isopentenyladenine containing media.

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GALATOWITSCH, M. W., and G. A. SMITH. "REGENERATION FROM UNFERTILIZED OVULE CALLUS OF SUGARBEET (Beta vulgaris L.)." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 70, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps90-010.

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Haploid, diploid, and tetraploid plants were regenerated from unfertilized ovule callus of the diploid (2n = 2x = 18) sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) breeding line FC 607. Callus was induced by culturing the ovules on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium containing 1 mg L−1 6(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino)-purine in the dark at 27 °C. Transferring callus to the light induced shoot formation. The incidence of shoot vitrification was reduced when Gamborg’s B5 salts were substituted for Murashige and Skoog salts in the regeneration medium. Shoots rooted readily when cultured on Gamborg’s B5 salts medium containing 5 mg L−1 naphthaleneacetic acid.Key words: Haploid sugarbeet, doubled-haploids

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Indriani, Mita, Erni Suminar, Noladhi Wicaksana, Denny Sobardini, Sulistyaningsih Sulistyaningsih, Anne Nuraini, Nursuhud Nursuhud, and Syariful Mubarok. "RESPONSE OF TURMERIC EXPLANT ON CYTOKININ AND AUXIN IN MURASHIGE AND SKOOG." Jurnal Penelitian Saintek 24, no. 1 (May 16, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jps.v24i1.19784.

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This study was aimed at determining the concentration of several types of cytokinins and auxin for the induction of turmeric shoots in vitro. The research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Seed Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor. The study was conducted from October 2017 to February 2018. The source of planting material is in the form of shoots from the turmeric rhizome. The source of explants or planting material came from the field collected at the Tissue Culture Seed Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University. Explants were taken from rhizome buds with a size of 0.6-2.0 cm. The experiment used a Completely Randomized Design which was analyzed using the Student’s T-test method. The number of experimental and control groups in this study were seven groups. Variation in treatment with different BAP, thidiazuron, zeatin, and NAA concentrations in each group. The results show that Thidiazuron 1 mgL-1 + NAA 1 mgL-1 gives better results on the percentage of live explants and number of shoots on turmeric plants (Curcuma domestica Val.) Clones 41 at the age of 14 weeks after planting.RESPONS EKSPLAN KUNYIT PADA SITOKININ DAN AUKSIN DALAM MEDIA MURASHIGE DAN SKOOGPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan salah satu konsentrasi dari beberapa jenis sitokinin dan auksin untuk induksi tunas kunyit secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Teknologi Benih, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian ini dimulai pada awal bulan Oktober 2017 sampai bulan Februari 2018. Sumber bahan tanam berupa tunas dari rimpang tanaman kunyit. Sumber eksplan atau bahan tanam berasal dari lapangan yang dikoleksi di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Teknologi Benih, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Eksplan diambil dari mata tunas rimpang dengan ukuran 0,6-2,0 cm. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang dianalisis menggunakan metode Student’s T-test. Jumlah kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol dalam penelitian ini adalah tujuh kelompok. Variasi perlakuan dengan penambahan konsentrasi BAP, thidiazuron, zeatin, dan NAA yang berbeda pada setiap kelompok. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Thidiazuron 1 mgL-1 + NAA 1 mgL-1 memberikan hasil yang lebih baik pada persentase eksplan hidup dan jumlah tunas pada tanaman kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) klon 41 pada umur 14 MST (Minggu Setelah Tanam).

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VOICU, Diana, Simona NEAGU, Anca Ioana LUCACI, Roxana COJOC, Robert RUGINESCU, and Madalin ENACHE. "IN VITRO CULTURE AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF Ocimum basilicum L. var. ʻSpicy globeʼ AND Artemisia eriantha Ten." AgroLife Scientific Journal 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17930/agl2022130.

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In this preliminary screening, we assessed the antibacterial activity of in vitro obtained plant material, namely shoots of Artemisia eriantha (Asteraceae) and callus of Ocimum basilicum L. var. ʻSpicy globeʼ, against two bacteria strains, the Gram-positive ones including Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Gram-negative, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 by the plate-counting method. Artemisia sprouted on the Murashige-Skoog medium added with 1.5 mg/L benzylaminopurine and ʻSpicy globeʼ basil developed callus on Murashige - Skook basal medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/L naphtylacetic acid (NAA). The method of using small pieces of vegetal material inoculated in Erlenmeyer flasks on liquid Luria-Bertani medium added with standardized microbial cell suspension was not effective against the pathogenic bacteria in the case of the Artemisia species, but the same method was efficient for basil cultivar ʻSpicy globeʼ.

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Uddin, M. Rafique, Martin M. Meyer Jr., and J. J. Jokela. "Plantlet production from anthers of Eastern cottonwood (Populusdeltoïdes)." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 7 (July 1, 1988): 937–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-142.

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Plantlets were obtained by organogenesis from cultured anthers of Populusdeltoides (Bartr.). Anthers formed callus in the dark on modified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 9.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 4.7 μM kinetin. Anther calli were differentiated into shoots by sequential transfer in the light onto Murashige and Skoog medium containing 4.4 μM benzylamino purine and 1.1 μM naphthaleneacetic acid for 4 weeks, followed by several transfers to woody plant medium with 2.2 μM benzylamino purine and 1.1 μM naphthaleneacetic acid. The shoots that formed were rooted by excising and transferring to woody plant medium supplemented with 1.0 μM indole-3-butyric acid. A few of these plants were found to be haploid. Two plants developed male terminal inflorescences, but died shortly thereafter.

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Dohnal, Barbara. "Investigations on some metabolites of Tecoma stans Juss. callus tissue. Part I. Tissue culture." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 45, no. 1–2 (2015): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1976.008.

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Callus tissue satisfactorily growing was established from Tecoma stans Juss. seedlings in static and suspension cultures on Murashige medium modified by Mei-Lie-Lin (M-L) and on Murashige-Skoog Revised Tobacco Medium supplemented with 0.3 ppm kinetin (RT-k). Faster growth, better growth efficiency and higher anatomical organization of the cultured tissue were observed on RT-k medium.

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Górecka, K., W. Srzednicka, and L. S. Jankiewicz. "Tissue culture of horse-radish (Cochlearia armoracia L.) meristems: sterilization of buds and comparison of media." Acta Agrobotanica 31, no. 1–2 (2015): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.1978.018.

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The attempt was made to cultivate horse-radish meristems taken from buds removed from roots. The lowest per cent of contamination was found after the buds had been soaiked in 80% ethanol for 6 minutes and then in 5%, 7.5% or 10% chloramine for 30, 30 or 15 minutes, respectively. Both agar media: Murashige-Skoog and Linsmaier-Skoog, were equally good, providing a moderate number of developing plants. The Linsmaier-Skoog medium was more satisfactory when solidified with agar; the results with liquid medium and filter-paper bridges were not as good.

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Camacho Camacho, Heimy Jerylee, Christian Andrei Chacín Zambrano, and Leydy Gabriela Rodríguez. "Evaluation of the in vitro growth of the culture of oregano (origanum vulgare) from organogenesis’s technology." Respuestas 23, no. 2 (July 1, 2018): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22463/0122820x.1726.

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There was evaluated the in vitro growth of the culture of Origanum vulgare from Organogénesis’s technology. Three treatments of disinfection were applied for the explantes, with modifications in the time of dip, etc., evaluating the following variables: percentage of explantes prosperous, contaminated and oxidized. For the phase of establishment and multiplication, there were evaluated five and three means of culture Murashige and Skoog respectively, modifying the concentrations of the hormones. In agreement to the evaluation of the treatments of disinfection, one determined that the treatment one (T1), generated 100 % of explantes prosperous, opposite to the treatments other treatments. As for the means of culture Murashige and Skoog used in the phase of establishment the half number four (Ms4) possesses a significant difference in the percentage of germination, opposite to other means of culture evaluated. In the stage of multiplication the half number three (Mn3) with regard to the variable of height of the stem obtained a significant difference in relation with other evaluated means. Finally, in the phase of establishment the way Ms4 obtained the best performance in the germination of the seeds of oregano, in the stage of multiplication of the plántulas there was demonstrated a relation of 1:20, demonstrating a massive multiplication from a plant boss in the way of culture Murashige and Skoog Mn3, vitroplantas free of pathogenic.

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Karjadi, A. K., and N. Gunaeni. "Effect of Added PPM on Murashige and Skoog Media for Shallot Meristematic Proliferation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 752, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/752/1/012010.

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22

Latifah, Rianti, Titien Suhermiatin, and Netty Ermawati. "Optimasi Pertumbuhan Plantlet Cattleya Melalui Kombinasi Kekuatan Media Murashige-Skoog dan Bahan Organik." Agriprima, Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences 1, no. 1 (March 27, 2017): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25047/agriprima.v1i1.20.

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Salah satu teknik untuk mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan Anggrek Cattleya yaitu menggunakan kultur in vitro dengan cara menyusun isi media. Nutrisi di dalam media sangat penting untuk menentukan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anggrek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan komposisi media alternatif yang rendah biaya, bahan-bahan mudah ditemukan dan mampu memenuhi kebutuhan tanaman. Penyusunan media dilakukan dengan kekuatan media Murashige-Skoog (MS) dan bahan organik yang berbeda seperti ekstrak wortel dan air kelapa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi media MS yang berbeda, dan faktor kedua adalah komposisi kombinasi filtrat wortel dan air kelapa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ¼ MS dan media penuh MS tidak memberikan pengaruh perbedaan yang nyata terhadap semua parameter. Kombinasi terbaik dan berbeda nyata ditunjukkan ½ MS + 50 ml/L filtrat wortel + 200 ml/L air kelapa yang menghasilkan interaksi yang sangat berbeda nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman dan jumlah akar berbeda secara nyata pada 16 minggu setelah tanam. Selain itu, bahan organik dengan 50 ml/L filtrat wortel + 200 ml/L air kelapa menghasilkan tinggi tanaman yang berbeda sangat nyata dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.

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Siatka, Tomáš. "Production of Anthocyanins in Callus Cultures of Angelica archangelica." Natural Product Communications 13, no. 12 (December 2018): 1934578X1801301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1801301219.

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Anthocyanins have been used as food color additives, but they also possess many properties beneficial to health. Plant tissue culture technology is an attractive alternative for obtaining these valuable natural pigments. In this work, dark-grown anthocyanin producing callus cultures of Angelica archangelica were established. They were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.4 mg/L benzylaminopurine. Anthocyanin contents in cultures were around 2%, i.e. one order of magnitude higher than in the intact plant that contains up to 0.17% anthocyanins. Growth and production characteristics of the culture were determined – fresh and dry biomass as well as anthocyanin levels reached a maximum on day 30. Effects of basal nutrient media on callus proliferation and anthocyanin accumulation were tested. Culture growth (fresh weight) achieved 105%, 102%, 141%, 129%, 54%, and 26%, and anthocyanin contents attained 114%, 41%, 33%, 31%, 25%, and 15% on Linsmaier and Skoog, Gamborg B5, Schenk and Hildebrandt, Woody plant, Nitsch and Nitsch, and Heller medium, respectively, in comparison with that of Murashige and Skoog.

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Goyal, A. K., K. Ganguly, T. Mishra, and Arnab Sen. "In vitro multiplication of Curcuma longa Linn.-an important medicinal zingiber." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 4, no. 1 (2010): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2010.v04i01.003.

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Curcuma longa Linn. is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. In viro protocol for the regeneration of plantlets from the sprouted rhizomes of turmeric was optimized. Murashige and Skoog media supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of cytokinins and varied percentage of sucrose were experimented. Murashige and Skoog media supplemented with benzyl amino benzene (BAP) at the concentration of 2mg/l and sucrose 3% showed the best regeneration in comparison to Kinetin when used singly. Combination of 2mg/1 BAP and 3mg/ Kinetin resulted in highest number of shoots. The same media showed spontaneous rooting. Healthy regenerated plantlets were selected for hardening in sterile mixture of garden soil and sand in the ratio of 1:1. Ninety three percent of the micropropagated plantlets survived to maturity when transferred to soil.

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Goyal, A. K., K. Ganguly, T. Mishra, and Arnab Sen. "In vitro multiplication of Curcuma longa Linn.-an important medicinal zingiber." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 4, no. 1 (2010): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2010.v04i01.003.

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Curcuma longa Linn. is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. In viro protocol for the regeneration of plantlets from the sprouted rhizomes of turmeric was optimized. Murashige and Skoog media supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of cytokinins and varied percentage of sucrose were experimented. Murashige and Skoog media supplemented with benzyl amino benzene (BAP) at the concentration of 2mg/l and sucrose 3% showed the best regeneration in comparison to Kinetin when used singly. Combination of 2mg/1 BAP and 3mg/ Kinetin resulted in highest number of shoots. The same media showed spontaneous rooting. Healthy regenerated plantlets were selected for hardening in sterile mixture of garden soil and sand in the ratio of 1:1. Ninety three percent of the micropropagated plantlets survived to maturity when transferred to soil.

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26

Dornelles, Liane T., and José Antônio Peters. "Regeneração de plantas a partir de panículas imaturas de arroz (Oryza sativa L.)." Acta Botanica Brasilica 6, no. 2 (December 1992): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33061992000200006.

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Com o objetivo de verificar o potencial de regeneração direta e indireta, panículas imaturas de duas cultivares de arroz (BR IRGA 410 e 414) foram cultivadas em meio mineral de Murashige & Skoog, contendo lmg/1 e 2mg/l de 2,4-D ou 2mg/l de 2,4-D mais 0,2mg/l de K para indução de calos e lmg/l de ANA e 4 mg/l de K para regeneração direta de gemas. Em ambos os genótipos 100% das panículas formaram calos, porém sua regeneração foi dependente do meio de formação dos calos. Na regeneração direta 100% das panículas nas duas cultivares formaram gemas, com médias de 5,8 gemas/panículas. ABREVIATURAS: MS - meio básico de Murashige & Skoog; 2,4-D - ácido 2,4 diclorofenoxiacético; K - cinetina; AIA - ácido 3-indolacético; ANA - ácido naftalenoacético;

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27

Malahayati, Siti, Noval Noval, and Setia Budi. "Inisiasi Protocorm Like Bodies (PLB) Dendrobium sylvanum." Journal Pharmaceutical Care and Sciences 2, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33859/jpcs.v2i2.184.

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Anggrek genus Dendrobium menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yang berkhasiat obat yaitu alkaloid, alkaloid yang utama pada Dendrobium yaitu dendrobine. Bagian tanaman anggrek yang mengandung metabolit sekunder dalam jumlah besar yaitu dalam bentuk protocorm like bodies (PLB). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan inisiasi PLB dari eksplan biji anggrek Dendrobium sylvanum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi giberelin dalam medium Murashige and Skoog untuk inisiasi PLB yang optimal. Kultur biji dilakukan pada medium Murashige and Skoog dengan penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh giberelin (GA3). Optimasi kultur biji dilakukan dengan penambahan 3 variasi konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh, yaitu GA3 1 ppm, GA3 2 ppm, dan GA3 4 ppm. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi yang paling baik untuk inisiasi PLB adalah GA3 1 ppm berdasarkan waktu muncul PLB, warna PLB, diameter PLB, indeks pertumbuhan PLB, dan anatomi PLB.

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28

Da Silva, Simone, Ester Neta Pinheiro, Laís Medeiros Assunção, Efigênia Lopes Silva, Daniele Carvalho Rodrigues, Flávio Freires Ferreira, Vitor Rafael Pereira Marinho, and Spartaco Astolfi-Filho. "In vitro propagation of Psychotria ipecacuanha (Brot.) Stokes under different concentrations of Indoleacetic Acid." Revista Fitos 12, no. 3 (October 29, 2018): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/2446-4775.2018.620.

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Psychotria ipecacuanha, é uma planta medicinal nativa da América com a maior área de ocorrência no Estado de Mato Grosso - Brasil, críticamente ameaçada devido à sobreexploração das populações naturais. Devido à dificuldades na propagação convencional, o objetivo deste estudo foi a avaliação do efeito de diferentes concentrações do regulador de crescimento ácido indolacético (AIA) na propagação in vitro de P. ipecacuanha. Segmentos nodais foram cultivados em meio de Murashige e Skoog (MS) sem reguladores de crescimento (controle) e suplementado com quatro concentrações (0,05; 0,5; 1,5 e 2,0 mg.L-1) de AIA, em meios semi-sólidos. Após 60 dias de cultivo, segmentos nodais (n=30) cultivados em meio de Murashige & Skoog (MS) suplementado com 0,05 mg.L-1 de AIA produziram, em média, 4,56 segmentos nodais por explante, cujas plântulas foram aclimatizadas com sucesso, sem exibição de qualquer anomalia morfológica ou variação.

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Mello, Marcia O., Murilo Melo, and Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória. "Histological analysis of the callogenesis and organogenesis from root segments of Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 44, no. 2 (June 2001): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132001000200014.

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Callus was induced from root segments taken from in vitro grown plants of Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe. The explants were cultured on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 13.4muM of alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid and 2.2muM of 6-benzylaminopurine at 25ºC in the dark. Histological analysis revealed that callus was formed from the hypertrophied cortical parenchyma cells of the explant. Some of these cells underwent division while the surrounding cells accumulated starch. Callus was capable of shoot bud regeneration after 70 days when it was transfered to liquid medium of the same composition. After 30 days in liquid medium, buds developed from nodular structures. The adventitious shoots developed extensive root systems when they were placed on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium without growth regulators at 25º C in the light. The establishment of these plantlets in soil was about 95%.

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30

Shevaha, H. M., M. M. Kyryk, V. M. Hunchak, and T. M. Oliinyk. "THE OPTIMIZATION OF JELLIFYING AGENT COMPOSITION ON REGENERATION OF IN VITRO OBTAINED POTATO MICROPLANTS." Agriciltural microbiology 24 (October 9, 2016): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.24.79-82.

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Results of studies on the optimization of Murashige and Skoog culture medium withmodified maize starch for the acceleration of potato plants micropropogation are provided. Ithas been established that the method modification increases surveillance parameters, promotesactive in vitro growth and development of potato springs.

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Adelberg, Jeffrey W., Maria P. Delgado, and Jeffery T. Tomkins. "Spent medium analysis for liquid culture micropropagation of Hemerocallis on Murashige and Skoog medium." In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant 46, no. 1 (October 29, 2009): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11627-009-9247-1.

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Madke, Shilpa S., Konglanth J. Cherian, and Rupesh S. Badere. "A modified Murashige and Skoog media for efficient multipleshoot induction in G. arborea Roxb." Journal of Forestry Research 25, no. 3 (January 18, 2014): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-014-0449-y.

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Yu, Chang-Yeon, and John Masiunas. "IMPROVED PLANT REGENERATION OF SOLANUM AND LYCOPERSICON GENOTYPES FROM LONG-TERM CALLUS CULTURE." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1121b—1121. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1121b.

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Repeated callus sub-culture reduce the regeneration capacity in many species. Our studies determined the effect of genotype and medium on regeneration of several Solanum and Lycopersicon genotypes from long-term callus cultures. In the first study, 13 genotypes were transferred to regeneration medium, including: Murashige and Skoog plus Gamborg Vitamins (MG); Murashige and Skoog (MS); Gamborg (GM); and white (WM). The greatest shoot regeneration was on the MG medium, containing the highest levels of thiamine. Shoot differentiation was greatest with 0.2 mg/l IAA and 2 mg/l BA. No plants were regenerated on GM or WM medium. In a second study, the effect of thiamine (0 to 200 mg/l) on shoot regeneration of the L. peruvianum genotypes PI199380, PI126945, PI251301, and PI128652, along with Solanum ptycanthum, Solanum nigrum, and L. esculentum `Diego' was evaluated. Shoot regeneration of Solanum ptycanthum, Solanum nigrum, L. peruvianum PI 199380 and PI25301 was best with 20 mg/l of thiamine.

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Tóth, Szilárd, and Pál Pepó. "Nutrient Uptake of Miscanthus in vitro Cultures." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (May 12, 2002): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/3531.

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The large biomass production and the low necessary input fertilizer make Miscanthus an interesting, potential non-food crop with broad applications, e.g. for fuel and energy, for thatching, fiber production, for the paper and car industries, as well as for ethanol production.Axillary buds of Miscanthus x giganteus were placed on a shoot inducing nutrient solution (modified Murashige and Skoog, 1962), basic medium supplemented with 0,3 mg l-1 6-Benzylaminopurin. After 40 days of culturing, the axillary buds produced three times more shoots than could normally be harvested. The nutrient content (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) was measured several times during culturing. The results showed that, after 35 days, nitrogen and phosphate were nearly completely taken up. From that time, shoot growth was not observed.After shoot propagation, the plants were transfered into a nutrient solution for root formation (modified Murashige and Skoog, 1962), basic medium supplemented with 0,5 mg l-1 Indole- 3-Butyric acid, and could be potted in soil after about 14 days.

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Mehta, Nikhil, Priyanka Rao, and Raman Saini. "Thiol Compounds, Pre-Conditioning and Orientation of Explants – Important Factors Affecting Regeneration from Cotyledons of Legume Crop Sesbania Aculeata." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 67, no. 3 (October 1, 2021): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2021-0009.

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Abstract Sesbania aculeata is a multipurpose legume crop grown primarily for green manuring in the rice-based cropping system. Besides this, it is an industrial crop and is also used as food in many parts of the world. The present work reports for optimization of various parameters (growth medium, plant growth regulators, pre-conditioning, orientation of explant, and presence of thiol compounds) affecting in vitro regeneration using mature cotyledon explants. The 5-day-old mature cotyledon explants excised from seedlings grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts and Gamborg (B5) vitamins medium containing 15 μM 6-benzylaminopurine were cultured with its adaxial side facing on medium containing 2.5 μM 6-benzylaminopurine and 50 mg/L thiourea and produced multiple shoots (7 ‒ 8) in 100% cultures within 28 days. Healthy shoots were rooted on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts and full-strength vitamins medium augmented with 2.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid.

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MARKOVIĆ, Marija, Mihailo GRBIĆ, and Matilda DJUKIĆ. "Micropropagation of the Endangered and Decorative Specie Dianthus serotinus Waldst. et Kit." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 41, no. 2 (December 6, 2013): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha4129265.

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During past decades, great attention has been paid to propagation of endangered plant taxa in order to preserve biodiversity. The aim of this study was to optimize a protocol for in vitro propagation of the critically endangered and decorative species Dianthus serotinus Waldst. et Kit. The effects of different concentration of MS salt (Murashige and Skoog) of the culture, medium pH and different carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) on shoot multiplication were examined. The best results were obtained on half-strength MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium, whose pH was 5.8, with sucrose supplied at a concentration of 3%, when shoots with 1-2 nodes or shoot tips (with terminal buds only) were used as explants. The shoots were rooted (76.7%) on half-strength MS medium containing 0.5 mg∙L-1 NAA (1-naphthaleneacetic acid). The obtained plantlets were successfully acclimatized (89%) in a 4:1 mixture of peat and sand and they flowered the following year. Presented protocol enables successful in vitro propagation of D. serotinus.

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Křižan, Břetislav, Eva Ondrušiková, and Jana Moudrá. "The effect of media composition on multiplication of grape rootstocks in vitro." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 8 (2012): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260080141.

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The current demand for in vitro cultures of grape rootstocks, not only for mass production of plants, but also for genetic engineering is evident. The study on micropropagation of grape rootstock genotypes namely Kober 5BB, Kober 125AA and Teleki 5C was performed. The aim of the study was to develop an optimized protocol to obtain large quantity of plant material. Protocol is based on regeneration via organogenesis, considering that grape embryogenic calluses are laborious to establish and the genotype of the regenerated plants can be altered. Using of Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut media for the establishing of proliferating cultures gave better results than Murashige Skoog media in case of all used rootstocks. Subsequent cultivation on modified Murashige Skoog media with 1-naphtalene acetic acid and increased concentration of cytokynin was characterized by multiplication of cultures and formation of clusters with high multiplication capability. The clusters obtained from rootstock genotypes were suitable for mass propagation as well as for genetic transformation due to their high ability of regeneration.

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Aryal, Saraswoti, and Sanu Devi Joshi. "Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Rauvolfia Serpentina (L.) Benth Ex. Kurz." Journal of Natural History Museum 24 (October 9, 2009): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v24i1.2245.

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Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) ex. Kurz is an important medicinal plant. Callus induction and regeneration was studied from stem explant of in-vitro grown plant of Rauvolfia serpentina(L.) Benth. ex Kurz (Apocynaceae) on Murashige Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 1mg/l 2,4-Dichlorophenocy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 1mg/l Kinetin (Kn). Vigorous growth of callus occurs after 4 weeks of culture. Callus was sub-cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentration of 2, 4-D (0.5-3.0 mg/l) and 10% coconut milk. Regeneration of plantlets occurred on MS medium containing 3 mg/1 of 2, 4-D and 10% coconut milk. These plantlets were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l IAA .The regenerated plantlets were able to grow on soil after short period ofacclimatization. Key words: Explant; In-vitro culture; MS medium; 2, 4 Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid; Kinetin; Callus; Tissue culture; Coconut milk. Journal of Natural History Museum Vol. 24, 2009 Page: 82-88

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Kathiravan, K., A. Shajahan, and A. Ganapathi. "REGENERATION OF PLANTLETS FROM HYPOCOTYL DERIVED CALLUS OF MORUS ALBA." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 43, no. 3 (May 13, 1995): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1995.10676610.

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Plantlets were regenerated from hypocotyl callus of Morus alba cv. MR2. Calli were established from hypocotyl segments on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with indoleacetic acid (0.5 mg/1) and benzyladenine (BA) (0.5 mg/1). They were transferred to MS medium with different concentrations of naphthaleneacetic acid NAA and BA for four weeks. Adventitious shoot buds were observed by transferring callus onto fresh Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) medium containing NAA (0.5 mg/1) and BA (0.75 mg/1). Shoots produced in vitro were rooted on MS medium with indolebutyric acid (0.75 mg/1).

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Stimela, Tebogo, Remmy W. Kasili, and Edward G. Mamati. "Pomegranate Micropropagation, Callogenesis and Genetic Integrity Assessment Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 1 (December 15, 2018): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n1p237.

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In recent years, the awareness of pomegranate health benefits has grown exponentially; nonetheless the existing propagation methods remain a challenge to supply adequate suitable planting materials needed for commercial production. Micropropagation can lead to mass production of plantlets and callus-mediated in vitro regeneration can open avenues for the use of genetic engineering to improve this crop. The aim of this study was to evaluate appropriate conditions for pomegranate micropropagation, callogenesis and use Simple Sequence Repeat markers to screen for somaclonal variation. Cytokinins (Benzylaminopurine, Kinetin and Thiadiazol-5ylurea) were tested for shoot induction from nodal explants while auxins (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid, Indole-3-butyric acid and Indole-3-acetic acid) were tested for root induction of in vitro regenerated shoots. 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid combined with Benzylaminopurine was assessed for their ability to induce callus from cotyledon and leaf explants. Genetic integrity between mother plant, callus and in vitro regenerated shoots were assessed using eight Simple Sequence Repeat markers. Maximum number of shoots and leaves were obtained on full strength Murashige and Skoog media with 6.9 µM kinetin. The highest number of roots was achieved on half strength Murashige and Skoog media with 4.9 µM Indole-3-butyric acid and the longest root was got on half strength Murashige and Skoog media with 5.3 µM Indole-3-acetic acid. Leaves and cotyledons demonstrated to be potential explants for callus formation at all hormonal combination levels tested. Eight out of 13 amplified alleles were polymorphic. A wider genetic variation was found with similarity coefficient range of 0.46-0.92. More somaclonal variation was in regenerated shoots compared to callus.

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Suryaningsih, Dwie Retna. "Morfogenesis Kalus Sorgum Pada Berbagai Media Secara In Vitro." Journal of Applied Plant Technology 1, no. 1 (November 24, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/japt.v1i1.25.

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Sorghum has great potential to be developed as a food source in Indonesia because it has many benefits. Sorghum has various potentials and uses, such as as a source of functional food, industrial raw materials and also animal feed. All parts of the sorghum plant can be utilized. Genetic transformation will be successful and beneficial if a plant regeneration system has been obtained in vitro culture. In its implementation, the selection of explants is an important first step to support the success of in vitro culture. Generally, the explants used for tissue culture are shoot tips, lateral shoots, and epicotyls. This study aims todetermine the morphogenesis of sorghum in vitro, from tissue culture. The analysis method in this study used 3 treatments, namely Murashige & Skoog (MS), Vacint & Went (VW) and Nagata & Takebe (NT) media with repeated 5 times. The method of analysis with data on the percentage of living callus and observing the morphogenesis of growing shoots and calluses. The result of this study is that the treatment of Murashige & Skoog (MS) media affects the morphogenesis of buds in the form of the number of perexplant shoots, the number of leaves, and the length of the shoots with the best treatment. The number of shoots per growing explant by 85%. The treatment of Vacint & Went (VW) and Nagata & Takebe (NT) media did not have enough effect on callus induction in the form of growth and development of callus planted in-vitro. So that the morphagenics of sorghum plants are good in the growth of shoots on Murashige & Skoog (MS) media.

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SINGH, BALRAM, BHAVESH GAJERA, PARTH DESAI, ARPAN MODI, GHANSHYAM PATIL, and SUBHASH NARAYANAN. "Micropropagation protocol for Stevia rebaudiana through axillary shoot proliferation." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 3 (June 22, 2020): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i3.101454.

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The present investigation was carried out at Anand Agricultural University, Gujarat during the year 2016 to develop a micropropagation protocol for mass multiplication of medicinally rich stevia plants. Axenic culture was established by sequential application of 200 mg/l Kanamycin, 200 mg/l Carbendazim-50% and 1000 mg/l HgCl2. Out of two different basal media, viz. Gamborg (B5) and Murashige and Skoog (MS) used, full strength MS gave highest (98%) culture establishment. Out of three different basal media, viz. Gamborg’s (B5), Linsmair and Skoog (LS), Murashige and Skoog (MS) and four different cytokinins, viz. 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), Kinetin (Kn), Thiadiazuron (TDZ), Zeatin (Zn) tested for multiple shoot induction, full strength MS medium and 2 mg/l BAP, respectively, promoted maximum shoot formation. In the experiment to study the effect of varying strength of MS media and various plant growth regulators, viz. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on in vitro rooting, ½ strength MS and 1 mg/l NAA, respectively, gave superior response. Among the 26 different combinations of potting mixtures used for primary acclimatization of in vitro rooted plants, cocopeat based substrates yielded highest survival rate (75.06%). Secondary acclimatization was carried out in the soil bags in the poly house. Thus, a reproducible and reliable micropropagation protocol for mass multiplication of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni using nodal segments has been developed.

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Royani, Ida. "INDUKSI PLANLET ANGGREK Cattlyea Sp SECARA IN-VITRO PADA MEDIA MURASHIGE-SKOOG DAN BAHAN ORGANIK." Jurnal Ilmiah Mandala Education 5, no. 2 (October 19, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/jime.v5i2.750.

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Latar belakang dari penelitian ini mahalnya zat pengatur tumbuh sintetik yang menjadi salah satu penghalang dalam perbanyakan tanaman secara in-vitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan formula yang tepat dengan penggunaan ekstrak wortel dan air kelapa (bahan organik) dalam induksi planlet anggrek Cattleya sp secara in-vitro. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan BBI-PPH Narmada Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor, masing masing faktor terdiri dari 3 level. Faktor 1, Konsentrasi Media MS (M) dengan 3 level: M1: MS Full; M2: ½ MS; M3: ¼ MS. Faktor 2, Komposisi Bahan Organik (O) terdiri dari: O1: Ekstrak wortel 40 ml/L + Air kelapa 150 ml/L; O2: Ekstrak wortel 50 ml/L + Air kelapa 200 ml/L; O3: Ekstrak wortel 60 ml/L + Air kelapa 250 ml/L. Hasil penelitian pada parameter jumlah daun terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan MS full + 40 ml/L ekstrak wortel + 150 ml/L air kelapa dengan rata-rata 5,44 daun. Jumlah tunas terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan 1/2 MS + 40 ml/L ekstrak wortel + 150 ml/L air kelapa dengan rata-rata 3,49. Jumlah akar terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan ½ MS + 40 ml/L ekstrak wortel + 150 ml/L air kelapa dengan rata-rata 12,06.

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Royani, Ida. "INDUKSI PLANLET ANGGREK Cattlyea Sp SECARA IN-VITRO PADA MEDIA MURASHIGE-SKOOG DAN BAHAN ORGANIK." Jurnal Ilmiah Mandala Education 5, no. 2 (October 19, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.58258/jime.v5i2.750.

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Latar belakang dari penelitian ini mahalnya zat pengatur tumbuh sintetik yang menjadi salah satu penghalang dalam perbanyakan tanaman secara in-vitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan formula yang tepat dengan penggunaan ekstrak wortel dan air kelapa (bahan organik) dalam induksi planlet anggrek Cattleya sp secara in-vitro. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan BBI-PPH Narmada Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor, masing masing faktor terdiri dari 3 level. Faktor 1, Konsentrasi Media MS (M) dengan 3 level: M1: MS Full; M2: ½ MS; M3: ¼ MS. Faktor 2, Komposisi Bahan Organik (O) terdiri dari: O1: Ekstrak wortel 40 ml/L + Air kelapa 150 ml/L; O2: Ekstrak wortel 50 ml/L + Air kelapa 200 ml/L; O3: Ekstrak wortel 60 ml/L + Air kelapa 250 ml/L. Hasil penelitian pada parameter jumlah daun terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan MS full + 40 ml/L ekstrak wortel + 150 ml/L air kelapa dengan rata-rata 5,44 daun. Jumlah tunas terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan 1/2 MS + 40 ml/L ekstrak wortel + 150 ml/L air kelapa dengan rata-rata 3,49. Jumlah akar terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan ½ MS + 40 ml/L ekstrak wortel + 150 ml/L air kelapa dengan rata-rata 12,06.

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Miachir, Jeanette Inamine, Vera Lúcia Moretti Romani, Antônio Francisco de Campos Amaral, Marcia Ometto Mello, Otto Jesu Crocomo, and Murilo Melo. "Micropropagation and callogenesis of Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe." Scientia Agricola 61, no. 4 (2004): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162004000400012.

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Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe (zedoary) is a medicinal properties-bearing Zingiberaceae from which rhizomes are commercially exploited. The objective of this work was to establish an in vitro protocol for micropropagation and callogenesis of Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe as alternative to improve plant production, turning economically feasible the exploitation of its secondary metabolites which present medicinal properties. Micropropagation by using shoot apexes produced by rhizome and from in vitro plants were carried out on Murashige & Skoog medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 benzyl amino purine and 30 g L-1 sucrose. Plantlets were satisfactorily acclimated to greenhouse conditions by using plastic cover for at least 10 days. Treatment with endomycorrhiza at the ex vitro transferring time was beneficial to acclimatization, improving plant growth and development. Callus induction and growth were obtained by inoculating root segments on Murashige & Skoog medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 naphtalene acetic acid and incubation in the dark at 25 ± 2ºC. Cell suspension cultures were established on liquid medium of same chemical composition and same culture conditions and a growth curve was obtained.

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Jan, Mahroofa, Seema Singh, Zahoor A. Kaloo, and Farhana Maqbool. "Callus induction and multiple shoot regeneration in Ajuga bracteosa Wall ex. Benth.-An important medicinal plant growing in Kashmir Himalaya." Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research 3, no. 3 (June 25, 2014): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2014.3308.

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Ajuga bracteosa Wall ex. Benth is an important medicinal plant growing in Kashmir Himalaya. During the present study an efficient and rapid in vitro protocol has been established viz; Callus induction and multiple shoot regeneration. Callus induction has been achieved from different explants viz., leaf, petiole and internodal cuttings. Maximum callus production was obtained when leaf explants were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with BAP (benzylaminopurine 5.0 mg/l) after 19 days of inoculation. In the petiole explant callus was induced on MS (Murashige and Skoog ) medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/l) + IAA ( Indole-3-acetic acid 3.0 mg/l) after 51 days of inoculation and from internodal explant callus was induced on MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/l) + NAA(α-Naphthalene acetic acid 5.0 mg/l) after 35 days of inoculation. Callus derived from leaf explants differentiated into multiple shoots on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of auxins (IAA, NAA) and cytokinins (BAP, Kinetin). Maximum multiple shoots regenerated on MS medium supplemented with BAP (5.0 mg/l) after 28 days of inoculation.

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Mukherjee, Pranit Kumar, Raju Mondal, Sourav Dutta, Kanti Meena, Madhumita Roy, and Asit Baran Mandal. "In vitro micropropagation in Boehmeria nivea to generate safe planting materials for large-scale cultivation." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 54, No. 4 (November 7, 2018): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/79/2017-cjgpb.

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An efficient in vitro micropropagation protocol has been developed using nodal explants of ramie (Boehmeria nivea), with maximum shoots (42) per explant in 5 passages (passage duration: 21 days) on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 6-benzyladenine and 2.0 mg/l AgNO3. ½ Murashige and Skoog medium containing 40% sucrose was found to be most effective for the rooting of in vitro developed shoots. Those plantlets were acclimatized and transferred to pots for hardening under glasshouse conditions. About 91% of mericlones survived and showed no ectopic expression in respect of any morphological character in comparison with the parental stock. Furthermore, clonal fidelity of the mericlones was confirmed by using DNA markers (random amplified polymorphic DNA and inter simple sequence repeats) and by polypeptide profiling through SDS-PAGE at a genomic and protein level, respectively, which showed the true-to-type nature of the in vitro micropropagated plants. Thus the protocol developed can be used to generate safe planting material for large-scale cultivation of ramie.

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Kubicki, B., J. Telżyńska, and E. Milewska-Pawliczuk. "Induction of embryoid development from apple pollen grains." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 44, no. 4 (2015): 631–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1975.057.

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Globular 32 and 64 celled embryoids were obtained from uninucleate apple microspores (cultivar Jonathan) after 5 weeks of culture on a modified Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium. A similar induction of microspore development was not observed in younger or older stages of anther development. In such anthers only callus was formed from diploid tissues.

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Azizah Romadhoni, Nur, Erni Suminar, Anne Nuraini, and Syariful Mubarok. "MULTIPLICATION EXAMINATION OF TURMERIC EXPLANTS USING AUXIN AND CYTOKININ TO MODIFIED MEDIA." Jurnal Penelitian Saintek 24, no. 1 (May 16, 2019): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jps.v24i1.19503.

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This study was aimed at obtaining the type and concentration of cytokines as well as the optimal concentration of auxin for the multiplication of turmeric shoots in vitro. The trial was conducted in September 2017 until February 2018 at the Tissue Culture Seed Technology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University. The materials used in this study were Murashige and skoog modified multiplication medium, jelly, sterile distilled water, HgCl2, 70% alcohol, clorox, tween 80 and fungicide and bactericidal. Growth Regulating Substances (GRS) used are BAP, TDZ, Zeatin and NAA. The explant source used was derived from the shoot of turmeric clones from Bogor. The experimental design in this study was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatments and four replications. The planting medium used was Murashige Skoog Modification (MS) with the addition of Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) 9 mg L-1, Thidiazuron (TDZ) 1 mg L-1, Zeatin 0.1 mg L-1 and NAA (0.01 mg L-1, 1 mg L-1). The results show that the combination of BAP 9 mg L-1 and NAA 0.01 mg L-1 produced the highest shoot induction at 12 weeks after planting. Giving zeatin 0.1 mg L-1 and NAA 1 mg L-1 produces the highest shoot length at 12 weeks after planting.PENGUJIAN MULTIPLIKASI EKSPLAN KUNYIT DENGAN PENAMBAHAN AUKSIN DAN SITOKININ PADA MODIFIKASI MEDIAPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis dan konsentrasi sitokinin serta konsentrasi auksin yang optimal untuk multiplikasi tunas kunyit secara in vitro. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2017 sampai Februari 2018 di laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Teknologi Benih Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah murashige dan skoog modified multiplication medium, agar-agar, aquades steril, HgCl2, alkohol 70%, clorox, tween 80, fungisida, dan bakterisida. Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) yang digunakan yaitu BAP, TDZ, Zeatin, dan NAA. Sumber eksplan yang digunakan yaitu berasal dari tunas kunyit klon asal Bogor. Rancangan percobaan pada penelitian ini yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tujuh perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Media tanam yang digunakan yaitu Murashige Skoog Modifikasi (MS) dengan penambahan Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) 9 mg L-1, Thidiazuron (TDZ) 1 mg L-1, Zeatin 0,1 mg L-1, dan NAA (0,01 mg L-1, 1 mg L-1). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi BAP 9 mg L-1 dan NAA 0,01 mg L-1 menghasilkan induksi tunas tertinggi pada 12 MST. Pemberian zeatin 0,1 mg L-1 dan NAA 1 mg L-1 menghasilkan panjang tunas tertinggi pada 12 MST.

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Hernández Rendón, César Augusto, Yesica Salazar Marín, and Luis Fernando Restrepo Betancur. "Rescate de embriones para la obtención de vitroplantas de vid (Vitis vinífera L.)." Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v15n2.41838.

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Título en ingles: Embryos rescue for the obtaining of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) vitroplantsResumen: Este trabajo es la primera fase de un macroproyecto sobre la optimización de un protocolo para la obtención de metabolitos secundarios de interés comercial mediante la utilización de suspensiones celulares de Vid (Vitis vinífera L.). Se investigó el rescate de embriones como alternativa para la obtención de vitroplantas de vid (Vitis vinífera L.). El material vegetal utilizado se obtuvo de frutos de vid variedad Red Globe comerciales. Las semillas se desinfectaron sumergiéndolas en 5 g/l de ácido dicloroisocianúrico (NaDCC) por 15 min y luego en 2 g/l de Benomyl® por 15 min, con una efectividad del 92%. Se realizaron diferentes tratamientos para la obtención de plántulas utilizando semillas como explantes, las cuales se cultivaron en el medio Murashige Skoog suplementado con diferentes concentraciones de ácido indolacético (AIA) en combinación con ácido giberélico (AG3) y kinetina (K) sin obtener respuesta favorable para la germinación. Como alternativa, se extrajeron semillas inmaduras de frutos de la planta y se colocaron en el mismo medio pero suplementado con 100 mg/l de polivinilpirrolidona (PVP), 0.35 mg/l de AG3 y 1.75 mg/l de AIA por un mes. Posteriormente, se abrieron las semillas y se realizó el rescate de embriones, sembrándolos bajo condiciones de oscuridad por ocho días en los medios de cultivo Murashige Skoog 1 y 2 modificados, encontrando la formación de vitroplantas en un 40% al mes de cultivo. Abstract: This work is the first phase of a macroproyect about the optimization of a protocol for the obtaining of secondary metabolites of commercial interest by means of the use of cellular suspensions of Vitis vinífera L. The embryos rescue was investigated as alternative for the obtaining of grapevine (Vitis vinífera L.) vitroplants. The vegetable material used was obtained from commercial fruits of grapevine Red Globe variety. The seeds were disinfected submerging them in 5 g/l of dicloroisocianuric acid (NaDCC) for 15 min, and then in Benomyl® 2 g/l for 15 min, with an effectiveness of 92%. Different treatments were performed to obtain plants using seeds as explants, which were cultured on Murashige Skoog medium supplemented with different concentrations of indole acetic acid (AIA) in combination with gibberellic acid (AG3) and kinetin (K) without obtaining favorable answer for the germination. As alternative, immature seeds were extracted from grape fruits and placed on Murashige Skoog medium supplemented with 100 mg/l polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), 0.35 mg/l of gibberellic acid and 1.75 mg/l of indol acetic acid for a month. Seeds were then opened and performed embryo rescue, planting them under dark conditions for eight days in the culture media Murashige Skoog 1 and 2 modified, finding plants formation by 40% a month after growing.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Murashige and Skoog'

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