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Journal articles on the topic 'Multipurpose trees'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

Arredondo, S., J. Aronson, C. Ovalle, A. del Pozo, and J. Avendaño. "Screening multipurpose legume trees in central Chile." Forest Ecology and Management 109, no. 1-3 (September 1998): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(98)00249-7.

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2

Araghi, Mojtaba, Oded Berman, and Igor Averbakh. "Minisum multipurpose trip location problem on trees." Networks 63, no. 2 (October 8, 2013): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/net.21531.

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3

GRIST, PETER, KEN MENZ, and ROHAN NELSON. "MULTIPURPOSE TREES AS IMPROVED FALLOW: AN ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT." International Tree Crops Journal 10, no. 1 (January 1999): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01435698.1999.9752989.

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4

Huxley, Peter A. "Systematic designs for field experimentation with multipurpose trees." Agroforestry Systems 3, no. 2 (1985): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00122643.

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5

Stewart, J. L., and R. Salazar. "A review of measurement options for multipurpose trees." Agroforestry Systems 19, no. 2 (August 1992): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00138507.

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6

Wiersum, K. F. "Trees in agricultural and livestock development." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 33, no. 2 (May 1, 1985): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v33i2.16856.

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A review of the use of trees outside the forest in tropical farming systems: the role of trees; traditional systems of farm tree management; the scope for multipurpose (especially nitrogen-fixing) trees; wood yields from scattered or hedgerow trees and from woodlots; and development opportunities and programmes. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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7

Plath, Mirco, Karsten Mody, Catherine Potvin, and Silvia Dorn. "Do multipurpose companion trees affect high value timber trees in a silvopastoral plantation system?" Agroforestry Systems 81, no. 1 (May 5, 2010): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-010-9308-9.

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8

Jemal, Omarsherif, Daniel Callo-Concha, and Meine van Noordwijk. "Local Agroforestry Practices for Food and Nutrition Security of Smallholder Farm Households in Southwestern Ethiopia." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 2, 2018): 2722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082722.

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Food and nutrition security (FNS) rests on five pillars: availability, access, utilization, stability, and sovereignty. We assessed the potentials of local agroforestry practices (AFPs) for enabling FNS for smallholders in the Yayu Biosphere Reserve (southwestern Ethiopia). Data was collected from 300 households in a stratified random sampling scheme through semi-structured interviews and farm inventory. Utility, edibility, and marketability value were the key parameters used to determine the potential of plants in the AFPs. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and correlation analysis were employed to determine the form, variation, and association of local AFP attributes. Homegarden, multistorey-coffee-system, and multipurpose-trees-on-farmlands are the predominant AFPs in Yayu. Multipurpose-trees-on-farmlands are used mainly for food production, multistorey-coffee-system for income-generation, and homegarden for both. The 127 useful plant species identified represent 10 major plant utility groups, with seven (food, fodder, fuel, coffee-shade, timber, non-timber-forest-products, and medicinal uses) found in all three AFPs. In total, 80 edible species were identified across all AFPs, with 55 being primarily cultivated for household food supply. Generally, household income emanates from four major sources, multistorey-coffee-system (60%), homegarden (18%), multipurpose-trees-on-farmlands (13%), and off-farm activities (11%). Given this variation in form, purpose, and extracted benefits, existing AFPs in Yayu support the FNS of smallholders in multiple ways.

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9

John, Jacob, and G. J. Shirmila. "Allelopathic Effect of Fresh Leaf Loppings of Multipurpose Trees A." Indian Forester 145, no. 1 (January 17, 2019): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.36808/if/2019/v145i1/142729.

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10

Singh, B., V. Jhaldiyal, and M. Kumar. "Effects of aqueous leachates of multipurpose trees on test crops." Estonian Journal of Ecology 58, no. 1 (2009): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/eco.2009.1.04.

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11

Basu, S. K., J. Dattagupta, and R. Dattagupta. "Ring-connected trees: a multipurpose VLSI architecture for parallel processing." Microprocessors and Microsystems 21, no. 5 (February 1998): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-9331(97)00050-1.

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12

Das, Bikash, Pradip Kumar Sarkar, Neelam Kumari, P. Dey, A. K. Singh, and B. P. Bhatt. "Biophysical Performance of Different Multipurpose Trees Species in Jharkhand, India." Current Science 116, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18520/cs/v116/i1/82-88.

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13

Lu, Tingting, Martin Brandt, Xiaoye Tong, Pierre Hiernaux, Louise Leroux, Babacar Ndao, and Rasmus Fensholt. "Mapping the Abundance of Multipurpose Agroforestry Faidherbia albida Trees in Senegal." Remote Sensing 14, no. 3 (January 29, 2022): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030662.

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Multi-purpose Faidherbia albida trees represent a vital component of agroforestry parklands in West Africa as they provide resources (fodder for livestock, fruits and firewood) and support water lifting and nutrient recycling for cropping. Faidherbia albida trees are characterized by their inverse phenology, growing leaf flowers and pods during the dry season, thereby providing fodder and shedding leaves during the wet season, which minimizes competition with pastures and crops for resources. Multi-spectral and multi-temporal satellite systems and novel computational methods open new doors for classifying single trees and identifying species. This study used a Multi-Layer Perception feedforward artificial neural network to classify pixels covered by Faidherbia albida canopies from Sentinel-2 time series in Senegal, West Africa. To better discriminate the Faidherbia albida signal from the background, monthly images from vegetation indices were used to form relevant variables for the model. We found that NDI54/NDVI from the period covering onset of leaf senescence (February) until end of senescence (leaf-off in June) to be the most important, resulting in a high precision and recall rate of 0.91 and 0.85. We compared our result with a potential Faidherbia albida occurrence map derived by empirical modelling of the species ecology, which deviates notably from the actual species occurrence mapped by this study. We have shown that even small differences in dry season leaf phenology can be used to distinguish tree species. The Faidherbia albida distribution maps, as provided here, will be key in managing farmlands in drylands, helping to optimize economic and ecological services from both tree and crop products.

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14

Jambulingam, R., and E. C. M. Fernandes. "Multipurpose trees and shrubs on farmlands in Tamil Nadu State (India)." Agroforestry Systems 4, no. 1 (March 1986): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01834699.

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15

Jim, C. Y. "Multipurpose Census Methodology to Assess Urban Forest Structure in Hong Kong." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 34, no. 6 (November 1, 2008): 366–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2008.050.

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Surveys of urban forests in the compact city environment of Hong Kong were initiated in 1985 and regularly updated thereafter. Roadside trees were evaluated first in a tree census and reported in this article followed by urban parks, public housing estates, and special habitats such as old stone walls or special specimens such as heritage trees. The survey method aimed at collecting comprehensive data to echo both tree conditions and tree–environmental interactions. Detailed information was gleaned, with the help of well-trained assistants, on tree sites, tree growing space, tree structure, and tree defects and disorders. A field record form was designed, pilot-tested, and refined to solicit responses to multiple choices or direct measurements to minimize subjectivity and errors in data recording and entry. The study also identified potential planting sites, registering suitability for tree growth, site characteristics, and dimensions. Data fields were designed to be quantitative or convertible to ordinal ranks to facilitate statistical analysis. Locations of trees and planting sites were marked on large-scale maps to permit spatial analysis. Besides statistical analysis, community ecology attributes and custom-designed indices were used to assess urban forest structure. The multipurpose method could be appropriately adjusted for use in other compact city areas.

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16

Agbana, Christian Tettey, and Elvis Wireko Boampong. "Aboveground Biomass Production and Nitrogen Content of Gliricidia Sepium under Different Pruning Regime- A Case Study at the Department of Agroforestry Farm (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology-KNUST)." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 9 - September 5, no. 9 (September 17, 2020): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20sep171.

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Gliricidia sepium is considered one of the commonly used multipurpose legume shade trees in Ghana. Different pruning regimes affect the nutrient content as the amount of biomass produced by many multipurpose trees. In this study, the aboveground biomass (both fresh and dry matter) production and nitrogen content in Gliricidia sepium under different pruning regimes (4, 8 and 12 weeks) was studied. The study was carried out in the demonstration farm of Department of Agroforestry in the Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources-KNUST. A total of nine (9) Gliricidia trees were selected. The pruning frequencies were assigned to the selected trees, after an initial pruning of 1.2m from the ground. The data collected include; new fresh weight, dry weight and nitrogen content at the various pruning time. Also, the amount of nitrogen (N) in the new biomass was estimated at each pruning time. The result shows that the aboveground biomass production increased from 4 weeks to 12 weeks regime. Overall nitrogen concentration increased from 2.61% to 3.58% upon reducing the pruning frequency from 4 to 12 weeks, and total nitrogen content was much higher in 12 weeks (36.01g) than in the other pruning frequencies, due to biomass production been larger. In conclusion, the study highlights the potential of Gliricidia biomass as a source of N and green manure for both agricultural and agroforestry purposes. Hence pruning regime of Gliricidia should be considered in managing it for nutrient and manure purposes.

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17

Sinébou, Viviane, Muriel Quinet, Bonaventure C. Ahohuendo, and Anne-Laure Jacquemart. "Reproductive traits affect the rescue of valuable and endangered multipurpose tropical trees." AoB Plants 8 (2016): plw051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plw051.

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18

El hassan, S. M., A. Lahlou Kassi, C. J. Newbold, and R. J. Wallace. "Chemical composition and degradation characteristics of foliage of some African multipurpose trees." Animal Feed Science and Technology 86, no. 1-2 (July 2000): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-8401(00)00158-9.

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19

Harrington, Robin A., and James H. Fownes. "Predicting spacing effects on growth and optimal rotations of tropical multipurpose trees." Agricultural Systems 50, no. 4 (January 1996): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-521x(95)00013-u.

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20

Von Carlowitz, Peter G. "Some considerations regarding principles and practice of information collection on multipurpose trees." Agroforestry Systems 3, no. 2 (June 1985): 181–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00122642.

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21

Mekoya, Abebe, Simon J. Oosting, Salvador Fernandez-Rivera, and Akke J. Van der Zijpp. "Farmers’ perceptions about exotic multipurpose fodder trees and constraints to their adoption." Agroforestry Systems 73, no. 2 (December 12, 2007): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-007-9102-5.

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22

Herzog, F. "Multipurpose shade trees in coffee and cocoa plantations in C�te d'Ivoire." Agroforestry Systems 27, no. 3 (September 1994): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00705060.

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23

Fadl, Kamal Eldin Mohammed. "Balanites Aegyptiaca (L.): A Multipurpose Fruit Tree in Savanna Zone Of Western Sudan." International Journal of Environment 4, no. 1 (February 22, 2015): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i1.12188.

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Underutilized fruit trees play a vital role in food security and economy of the rural population in a number of African countries. Beside the significant important of the underutilized fruit trees in food security and livelihood of the local population many applications can be summarized such as using of leaves for fodder, branches for fencing materials, fire wood and charcoal making, timber for furniture and constructing huts, controlling soil erosion and competing desert encroachments . In spite of their great potential little attention has been given to this species. Balanites aegyptiaca “soap berry tree; thorn tree, desert date” is an important multipurpose trees species in dry land Africa. The tree is a potential source of medicines, pesticides, edible oil, animal feed, nuts, soap, and fuel wood. The edible fruits are rich in saturated fatty acids which are used as cooking oil. The fruit also contains Stereoids (Saponins, Sapogenins, and Disogenins) which are used as row materials for industrial production of contraceptive pills and other sexual hormones. The excessive uses of the tree for fruit production and for other uses combined with scarcity of natural regeneration lead to drastic depletion of this species. The desert date tree is adapted to dry and hot climatic environment which are characterized by increasing of land and water resources. However, little information is available about propagation and domestication of this valuable tree species; therefore, studies are needed for sustainable use of underutilized fruit trees in general and for Balanites aegyptiaca in particular. This article aims at highlighting and summarizing information on different aspect of B. aegyptiaca to stimulate the scientist interest in this valuable tree species which is of economical importance for rural inhabitants of western Sudan and other African countries.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i1.12188International Journal of Environment Volume-4, Issue-1, Dec-Feb 2014/15, Page: 197-203

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24

Zhan, Zhi Yong, Yang Dong Wang, J. Shockey, Yi Cun Chen, Zhi Chun Zhou, Xiao Hua Yao, and Hua Dong Ren. "Breeding status of tung tree (Vernicia sp.) in China, a multipurpose oilseed crop with industrial uses." Silvae Genetica 61, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2012): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2012-0033.

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Abstract As a developing country with the world’s largest population, China faces a serious challenge in satisfying its continuously increasing energy demands. Tung trees (Vernicia sp., especially V. fordii and V. montana), are multipurpose, perennial plants belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family. The unique chemical properties of tung seed oil make it one of the best known industrial drying oils. In this review, the breeding status of tung trees in China and some factors which limit the development of tung tree breeding will be summarised. Improvements in ecological performance and pathogen resistance, through to improved breeding methods, will help to rapidly expand the development and use of tung trees and their oil products in China. It is essential for tung tree breeding to advance in the future to keep pace with the increased demand.

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25

Reynolds, Len, and Mohammad Jabbar. "The Role of Alley Farming in African Livestock Production." Outlook on Agriculture 23, no. 2 (June 1994): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709402300206.

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The incorporation of livestock into alley farming systems, in which food or forage crops are grown between hedges of multipurpose trees that are regularly pruned for mulch and/or forage, has been studied for over 10 years in Africa. Prunings from leguminous trees such as Leucaena and Gliricidia can be used for mulch, increasing crop yields, but the trees may also be pruned for fodder, especially during fallow periods. The major benefit from supplementing the diet of free-roaming small ruminants in West Africa with the foliage of leguminous trees is increased survival, and the forage is best directed at late pregnant and lactating females. In East Africa crossbred dairy cows show a significant response in milk production to supplementation with Leucaena. Economic analyses of livestock production show that continuous alley farming is more profitable than alley farming with fallow, or conventional no-tree farming, even when the cost of clearing trees at the end of their useful life is included.

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26

Umrao, Rajiv, Arvind Bijalwan, M. Naugraiya, Biswarup Mehra, and C. Sharma. "Assessment of calorific values of multipurpose trees and forage grasses under silvipastural system." Indian Journal of Forestry 32, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 565–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2009-6en049.

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The paper deals with the assessment of calorific values of four Multipurpose Trees (MPTs) viz. Dalbergia sissoo, Gmelina arborea, Pongamia pinnata and Terminalia arjuna in combination with forage grasses under eleven year old established silvipatural system in Chhattisgarh plains during 2002-2003. The study illustrated that the combustible energy was recorded to be highest in the bole of T. arjuna (5196.23 cal kg-1) and lowest in the foliage of P. pinnata (1495.16 cal kg-1). The calorific values (k cal tree-1) of the trees accounts in order of D. sissoo (186473.8) > G. arborea (129973.25) > T. arjuna (96333.66) > P. pinnata (79355.49). Energy generated from grasses was found maximum under D. sissoo plots (29876.33 k cal m-2) and minimum under G. arborea plots (9044.89 k cal m-2).

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27

Addisu Wolde, Sissay Dessalgn. "Role of Sesbania sesban (L.) Merrill for Soil Fertility Improvement in Ethiopia: A Review." International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review 9, no. 1 (January 20, 2021): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2021.901.007.

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Most of world’s agricultural land is degrading rapidly, and productions of agricultural crops are declined in Ethiopia due to land degradation and reduction of soil fertility. Growing of fertilizer trees in agricultural lands is timely and cost efficient way to enhance soil fertility parameters. Fertilizer trees are used to improve the condition of soils used for farming. They capture nitrogen from the air and put it in the soil through their roots and falling leaves. Sesbania sesban, Gliricidia, Tephrosia, and Faidherbia albida are known as fertilizer trees. Sesbania sesban is multipurpose fast-growing, perennial legume tree and N-fixing shrub suitable as a soil quality improver. Sesbania sesban can grow as agroforestry component and alley cropping. It provides green manure and its leaves produce rich compost and this maintain soil fertility through Biological nitrogen fixation

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28

., M. M. Hossain, K. L. Hossain ., M. M. U. Miah ., and M. A. Hossain . "Performance of Wheat Cultivars as Understory Crop of Multipurpose Trees in Taungya System." Journal of Biological Sciences 6, no. 6 (October 15, 2006): 992–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2006.992.998.

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29

Ariga, Emmanuel Safary. "Availability and Role of Multipurpose Trees and Shrubs in Sustainable Agriculture in Kenya." Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 10, no. 2-3 (April 22, 1997): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j064v10n02_05.

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30

Fuwape, Joseph A., and Shadrach O. Akindele. "Biomass yield and energy value of some fast-growing multipurpose trees in Nigeria." Biomass and Bioenergy 12, no. 2 (January 1997): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0961-9534(96)00061-x.

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31

Puri, Sunil, K. S. Bangarwa, and Shambhu Singh. "Influence of multipurpose trees on agricultural crops in arid regions of Haryana, India." Journal of Arid Environments 30, no. 4 (August 1995): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jare.1995.0038.

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32

Maghembe, Jumanne A., and Hendrik Prins. "Performance of multipurpose trees for agroforestry two years after planting at Makoka, Malawi." Forest Ecology and Management 64, no. 2-3 (April 1994): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(94)90291-7.

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33

Jama, Bashir, P. K. R. Nair, and P. W. Kurira. "Comparative growth performance of some multipurpose trees and shrubs grown at Machakos, Kenya." Agroforestry Systems 9, no. 1 (August 1989): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00120152.

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34

Isaac, Sheeba Rebecca, and M. Achuthan Nair. "Litter dynamics of six multipurpose trees in a homegarden in Southern Kerala, India." Agroforestry Systems 67, no. 3 (July 2006): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-005-1107-3.

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35

Cornelius, J. P., C. Sotelo Montes, L. J. Ugarte-Guerra, and J. C. Weber. "The effectiveness of phenotypic selection in natural populations: a case study from the Peruvian Amazon." Silvae Genetica 60, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2011): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2011-0027.

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AbstractPhenotypic selection is commonly used in agroforestry, both in genetic improvement and as a component of “good practice” in seed collection. In the first case, the aim is to secure genetic gain. In the second case, selection is used to ensure that seed supplies meet given minimum quality standards, or that poor quality sources are avoided. Here we examine the effectiveness of phenotypic selection in natural forest stands of the Amazonian timber and multipurpose treeCalycophyllum spruceanumBenth.. We ask (a) whether mothertrees with high estimated annual height and diameter increments had faster growing progeny than mothertrees with low values; (b) whether forked mother-trees tended to have higher proportions of forked progeny than unforked trees; (c) whether spatially isolated mother-trees tend to produce slower growing progeny than mother-trees growing together with conspecifics. In each case, we found no evidence of differences between the respective groups. We offer explanations for these findings and discuss their implications for tree improvement and seed collection.

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36

Ky-Dembele, Catherine, Mulualem Tigabu, Jules Bayala, Patrice Savadogo, Issaka Joseph Boussim, and Per Christer Odén. "Clonal Propagation ofKhaya senegalensis: The Effects of Stem Length, Leaf Area, Auxins, Smoke Solution, and Stockplant Age." International Journal of Forestry Research 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/281269.

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Khaya senegalensisis a multipurpose African timber species. The development of clonal propagation could improve plantation establishment, which is currently impeded by mahogany shoot borer. To examine its potential for clonal propagation, the effects of cutting length, leaf area, stockplant maturation, auxin, and smoke solution treatments were investigated. Leafy cuttings rooted well (up to 80%) compared to leafless cuttings (0%). Cuttings taken from seedlings rooted well (at least 95%), but cuttings obtained from older trees rooted poorly (5% maximum). The rooting ability of cuttings collected from older trees was improved (16% maximum) by pollarding. Auxin application enhanced root length and the number of roots while smoke solution did not improve cuttings' rooting ability. These results indicate that juvenileK. senegalensisis amenable to clonal propagation, but further work is required to improve the rooting of cuttings from mature trees.

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37

Yao, Shengrui, Robert Heyduck, Steven Guldan, and Govinda Sapkota. "Early Performance of Jujube Drying and Multipurpose Cultivars in the Southwestern United States." HortScience 55, no. 11 (November 2020): 1804–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15344-20.

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Jujube cultivars have been imported into the United States for more than 100 years, but cultivar trials have been limited. To accurately recommend cultivars for each region, trials have to be conducted. We have set up jujube cultivar trials at the New Mexico State University (NMSU) Alcalde (2015, USDA hardiness zone 6a), Los Lunas (2015, 7a), and Leyendecker (2017, 8a) Centers with over 35 cultivars at each site with two replicates and a complete random block design. We reported the early performance of fresh-eating cultivars in 2019. Here we report the performance of 19 drying and multipurpose jujube cultivars. Between 40% and 100% of jujube trees produced a few fruit to more than 100 fruit in the planting year, depending on cultivar and location. Trees were more upright at Los Lunas than at Alcalde. ‘Kongfucui’ (KFC) was the most productive cultivar at Alcalde with 13.3 kg/tree in 2019, followed by ‘Chaoyang’, ‘Jinkuiwang’ (JKW), ‘Pitless’, and ‘Lang’. The yield at Los Lunas was lower than Alcalde for the first 3 years after planting; however, ‘Jinsi 2’, ‘Jinsi 4’, ‘Jixin’, ‘Sherwood’, ‘Sihong’, and ‘Xiangzao’ produced higher yields at Los Lunas than Alcalde in 2019. All cultivars produced higher yields and contained higher soluble solids at Leyendecker than Alcalde and Los Lunas at similar ages. ‘JKW’ was the most vigorous and productive cultivar at Leyendecker. ‘JKW’, ‘Xiangzao’, and ‘Lang’ produced more than 3.0 kg/tree in their second year after planting. ‘JKW’ yielded 12.3 kg/tree in its third year after planting. Among the three locations, drying cultivars are not recommended for commercial production at Alcalde. However, home gardeners can plant multipurpose and early-drying cultivars at Alcalde. Leyendecker produced the best dry fruit with larger fruit size, rich color, and meaty fruit; dry fruit quality was acceptable in most years at Los Lunas except 2019. We preliminarily recommend some drying and multipurpose cultivars for each location. As trees mature and produce more fruit, we will fine-tune the cultivar recommendations. We also discuss the jujube cultivar zoning information in New Mexico and fruit uses.

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38

Ahmad, Anees, Naseem Ahmad, Mohammad Anis, Mohammad Faisal, Abdulrahman A. Alatar, Eslam M. Abdel-Salam, Ram Pratap Meena, and Iyyakkannu Sivanesan. "Biotechnological Advances in Pharmacognosy and In Vitro Manipulation of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb." Plants 11, no. 3 (January 18, 2022): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11030247.

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Trees are vital resources for economic, environmental, and industrial growth, supporting human life directly or indirectly through a wide variety of therapeutic compounds, commodities, and ecological services. Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. (Fabaceae) is one of the most valuable multipurpose forest trees in India and Sri Lanka, as it is cultivated for quality wood as well as pharmaceutically bioactive compounds, especially from the stem bark and heartwood. However, propagation of the tree in natural conditions is difficult due to the low percentage of seed germination coupled with overexploitation of this species for its excellent multipurpose properties. This overexploitation has ultimately led to the inclusion of P. marsupium on the list of endangered plant species. However, recent developments in plant biotechnology may offer a solution to the overuse of such valuable species if such advances are accompanied by technology transfer in the developing world. Specifically, techniques in micropropagation, genetic manipulation, DNA barcoding, drug extraction, delivery, and targeting as well as standardization, are of substantial concern. To date, there are no comprehensive and detailed reviews of P. marsupium in terms of biotechnological research developments, specifically pharmacognosy, pharmacology, tissue culture, authentication of genuine species, and basic gene transfer studies. Thus, the present review attempts to present a comprehensive overview of the biotechnological studies centered on this species and some of the recent novel approaches for its genetic improvement.

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Patel, K. N., R. R. Shakhela, and J. R. Jat. "Growth, Biomass Production and CO2 Sequestration of Some Important Multipurpose Trees under Rainfed Condition." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 10 (October 10, 2017): 1943–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.610.234.

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Newbold, C. J., S. M. El Hassan, R. J. Wallace, X.-B. Chen, A. V. Goodchild, and L. Arthaud. "Influence of African Multipurpose Trees on Activity of Rumen Protozoa and Bacteria in Vitro." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1994 (March 1994): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600026817.

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The engulfment and digestion of bacteria by ciliate protozoa leads to elevated ruminal ammonia concentrations and reduced microbial protein flow from the rumen. Thus it has been suggested that the removal of protozoa from the rumen (defaunation) may be beneficial in animals fed low protein diets (Bird and Leng, 1978). However, existing laboratory methods for defaunation are unsuitable for practical usage. Here we investigated the effects of leaves from various African multipurpose trees (MPT) on the activities of rumen bacteria and protozoa in the hope of identifying naturally occurring defaunating agents.Protozoa are responsible for over 90% of the bacterial protein turnover in the rumen (Wallace and McPherson, 1987), thus the breakdown of bacterial protein was used as an assay of protozoal activity. [14CJ-Leucine-labelled Selenomonas ruminantium was incubated in vitro with rumen fluid taken from four rumen-fistulated sheep receiving a diet of hay, molasses, fishmeal and a mineral and vitamin mixture (500, 299.5,100,91 and 9.5 g/kg respectively). Wheat straw (40 mg/ml) or a 70:30 mixture of straw and MPT was added 2 h before the addition of labelled bacteria. Samples were removed hourly for up to 4 h to follow bacterial degradation. Unlabelled leucine (2.5 mM) was added to the rumen fluid to prevent reincorporation of [14C]-leucine.

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Newbold, C. J., S. M. El Hassan, J. Wang*, M. E. Ortega, and R. J. Wallace. "Influence of foliage from African multipurpose trees on activity of rumen protozoa and bacteria." British Journal of Nutrition 78, no. 2 (August 1997): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19970143.

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Samples and extracts of foliage from African multipurpose trees were screened for their effects on rumen protozoa and bacteria with a view to predicting their safety as feed supplements and for identifying species with potential antiprotozoal activity. The species tested wereAcacia aneura, Charnaecytisus palmensis, Brachychiton populneum, Flindersia maculosa, Sesbania sesban, Leucaena leucocephalaandVernonia amyedalina. Antimicrobial effects were mild except forS. sesban, which was highly toxic to rumen protozoain vitro, andA. aneura, which was toxic to rumen bacteria. The antiprotozoal factor inS. sesbanwas apparently associated with the fraction of the plant containing saponins. WhenS. sesbanwas fed to sheep, protozoal numbers fell by 60 % after 4 d, but the population recovered after a further 10 d.In vitroexperiments demonstrated that washed protozoa from later times were no more resistant toS. sesbanthan on initial exposure, suggesting that other micro-organisms, probably the bacteria, adapted to detoxify the antiprotozoal agent. ThusS. sesbanmay be useful in suppressing protozoa and thereby improving protein flow from the rumen, but only if the bacterial metabolism of the antiprotozoal factor can be avoided.

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Rodrigues‐Corrêa, Kelly Cristine da Silva, Júlio César Lima, and Arthur Germano Fett‐Neto. "Pine oleoresin: tapping green chemicals, biofuels, food protection, and carbon sequestration from multipurpose trees." Food and Energy Security 1, no. 2 (November 2012): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fes3.13.

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Zayed, Mohamed Z., Sobhy M. A. Sallam, and Nader D. Shetta. "REVIEW ARTICLE ON LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA AS ONE OF THE MIRACLE TIMBER TREES." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i1.18250.

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Leucaena leucocephala trees are commonly known as White Lead tree. It is native to Southern Mexico and Northern Central America and spread across many tropical and sub-tropical locations. It has multipurpose uses, such as generation of firewood, timber, greens, fodder, and green manure, as well as to provide shade and control soil erosion. It has been used for medicinal purposes because of possessing multiple pharmacological properties. Studies have shown the presence of various secondary metabolites such as alkaloid, cardiac glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and glycosides in this species. In traditional medicine, it is used to control stomach ache and as contraception and abortifacient. In the present study, the global distribution, taxonomy, chemical composition, pharmacological activities, and potential uses of Leucaena leucocephalaare discussed.

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OLIVAL, Alexandre de Azevedo, Saulo Eduardo Xavier Franco de SOUZA, Jozivaldo Prudêncio Gomes de MORAES, and Mariana CAMPANA. "Effect of Amazonian tree species on soil and pasture quality in silvopastoral systems." Acta Amazonica 51, no. 4 (December 2021): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202004692.

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ABSTRACT With the expansion of livestock in the Amazon region, a high percentage of pasture areas are degraded and unproductive. Novel strategies are needed, including the use of native tree species, to simultaneously achieve economic and ecosystem benefits. This study aimed at assessing the effects of five multipurpose native tree species on soil fertility and forage quality of Urochloa brizantha pastures in the southern Amazon. Soil and forage samples were collected under the crown and adjacent to 25 isolated trees belonging to five species during a dry and a rainy season. The presence of native trees positively affected the level of potassium, calcium and manganese in the soil, as well as the mineral matter and crude protein of the forage, especially in the dry season, suggesting a protective effect against the seasonal drought. The tree species had variable effects on soil fertility and forage quality. Soil under Apeiba tibourbou had higher potassium levels, while the forage under Handroanthus serratifolius had higher protein and fiber content. Our results indicate that it is important to diversify silvopastoral systems in the Amazon through the use of native tree species, contributing to the design of novel silvopastoral strategies in the region. Common multipurpose tree species with widespread natural distribution could be used as a complementary aspect of pasture management to provide a protective effect against drought, contribute to enhanced nutrient cycling and even increase forage quality.

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Marsoem, Sri Nugroho, Harry Feryanto, and Hiroyuki Yamamoto. "Cell Proportion and Dimension of Sukun (Breadfruit) (Artocarpus communis FORST) Wood “A Potential Multipurpose Tree Species”." Wood Research Journal 4, no. 1 (April 19, 2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.51850/wrj.2013.4.1.1-6.

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Sukun (Artocarpus communis FORST), also known as breadfruit, is a multipurpose tree and is mostly grown in community forest. In an effort to increase the added value of Sukun trees grown in community forest, a study on the cell proportion and dimension of the wood was conducted by using Sukun trees grown on Karangmojo Village, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. Samples for the study were taken from pith to bark in the north direction of the stem. Cell proportion as well as fiber dimension were then observed. The properties observed were analyzed by analysis of variance using a Completely Randomized Design. The result shows that the wood was composed of fiber of only 37.91%, while its rays, parenchyma, and vessel are of 26.60%, 23.85% and 11.61% respectively. The wood had a rather long average fiber length that is 1.65 mm and fiber diameter of 42.48 µm, lumen diameter of 37.28 µm and cell-wall thickness of 2.60 µm.

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Hossain, M. B., M. K. Hasan, S. A. K. Hemel, N. A. Roshni, and S. R. Sadik. "Shading effect of multipurpose trees on growth and yield of Boro rice cv. BRRI dhan29." Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment 02, no. 01 (2021): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2021.2115.

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Kisangau, Patrick D., Jacinta M. Kimiti, Mary W. K. Mburu, and Denyse J. Snelder. "Factors influencing use of multipurpose trees and shrubs in arid and semiarid lands of Kenya." Rangeland Ecology & Management 74 (January 2021): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2020.10.002.

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Herrero-Jáuregui, Cristina, Manuel R. Guariguata, Dairon Cárdenas, Emilio Vilanova, Marco Robles, Juan Carlos Licona, and Walter Nalvarte. "Assessing the extent of “conflict of use” in multipurpose tropical forest trees: A regional view." Journal of Environmental Management 130 (November 2013): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.044.

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Datt, Chander, M. Datta, and N. P. Singh. "Assessment of fodder quality of leaves of multipurpose trees in subtropical humid climate of India." Journal of Forestry Research 19, no. 3 (August 20, 2008): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-008-0035-2.

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Roy, K. C., M. A. Salam, M. S. Bari, and M. F. Hossain. "Performance of multipurpose trees and field crops under different management practices in an agroforestry system." Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka 34, no. 1 (March 27, 2006): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jnsfsr.v34i1.2071.

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