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Zaporozhets, Yu, A. Ivanov, Yu Kondratenko, V. Tsurkin, and N. Batechko. "Innovative System of Computer Modelling of Multiphysics Processes for Controlled Electrocurrent Treatment of Melts." Science and Innovation 18, no. 4 (August 14, 2022): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/scine18.04.085.
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Introduction. The widespread use of cast products made of aluminum and its alloys requires ensuring a highquality structure of the castings, on which their operational properties depend. Controlling the process of forming a high-quality structure of castings is possible, in particular, by the method of electrocurrent treatment of melts.Problem Statement. The melt medium being inaccessible for direct measurement of the processing parameters, the only way to realize the control of treatment conditions is numerical simulation of these parameters. However, the complexity and interdependence of multiphysics processes of melt electrocurrent treatment have led to an unconventional approach to the formulation of their mathematical models and computational procedures. These circumstances have determined the features of the tasks for the construction of appropriate computer models and their application.Purpose. The development of a new pattern-modular system for computer modeling of multiphysics processes of electric current treatment of melts to control the conditions of the formation of a qualitative structure of castings.Materials and Methods. The material of the research is a set of model problems of multiphysical processes of electrocurrent treatment and their ontology, the integral equations and their properties, as well as databases on the parameters of simulated objects, which describe these processes. The method of ontological taxonomy has been used to create a taxonomic codifier, with the help of which model problems and mathematical tools for their solution have been systematized. Based on the signs of similarity, the method of formalization of integral equations of coupled multiphysics processes has been applied. Results. The unified patterns of basic algorithmic procedures and a library of program modules for computing operations of partial tasks, for which a unique code is assigned according to the codifier have been developed. Combining the patterns with different modules that are identified by the indicated codes has made it possible to form a wide range of computer models reflecting multiphysics processes. A flexible system for computer modeling of multiphysical processes has been built and its efficiency for simulating the modes of electrocurrent treatment of melts has been confirmed.Conclusions. The results obtained have enabled controlling the conditions of electrocurrent treatment of melts to form a highquality structure of cast metal.
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Lin, Yihao, Yang Qin, Bilin Gong, Can Yin, Liang Xia, Ganggang Liu, Kailin Pan, and Yubing Gong. "Analysis of the Parallel Seam Welding Process by Developing a Directly Coupled Multiphysics Simulation Model." Processes 12, no. 1 (December 28, 2023): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12010078.
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Parallel seam welding (PSW) is the most commonly employed encapsulation technology to ensure hermetic sealing and to safeguard sensitive electronic components. However, the PSW process is complicated by the presence of multiphysical phenomena and nonlinear contact problems, making the analysis of the dynamics of the PSW process highly challenging. This paper proposes a multiphysics simulation model based on direct coupling, enabling the concurrent coupling of the electric field, temperature field, and structural field to facilitate the analysis of the thermal and electrical dynamics within the PSW process. First, this paper conducts an in-depth theoretical analysis of thermal and electrical contact interactions at all contact interfaces within the PSW process, taking into account material properties related to temperature. Second, the acquired data are integrated into a geometric model encompassing electrode wheels and ceramic packaging components, facilitating a strongly coupled multiphysics simulation. Finally, the experimental results show that the simulated weld area deviates by approximately 6.5% from the actual values, and the highest component temperature in the model exhibits an approximate 10.8% difference from the actual values, thus validating the accuracy of the model. This directly coupled multiphysics simulation model provides essentially a powerful tool for analyzing the dynamic processes in the PSW process.
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Zhao, Xiaoyu, Guannan Wang, Qiang Chen, Libin Duan, and Wenqiong Tu. "An effective thermal conductivity and thermomechanical homogenization scheme for a multiscale Nb3Sn filaments." Nanotechnology Reviews 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2021-0015.
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Abstract A comprehensive study of the multiscale homogenized thermal conductivities and thermomechanical properties is conducted towards the filament groups of European Advanced Superconductors (EAS) strand via the recently proposed Multiphysics Locally Exact Homogenization Theory (LEHT). The filament groups have a distinctive two-level hierarchical microstructure with a repeating pattern perpendicular to the axial direction of Nb3Sn filament. The Nb3Sn filaments are processed in a very high temperature between 600 and 700°C, while its operation temperature is extremely low, −269°C. Meanwhile, Nb3Sn may experience high heat flux due to low resistivity of Nb3Sn in the normal state. The intrinsic hierarchical microstructure of Nb3Sn filament groups and Multiphysics loading conditions make LEHT an ideal candidate to conduct the homogenized thermal conductivities and thermomechanical analysis. First, a comparison with a finite element analysis is conducted to validate effectiveness of Multiphysics LEHT and good agreement is obtained for the homogenized thermal conductivities and mechanical and thermal expansion properties. Then, the Multiphysics LEHT is applied to systematically investigate the effects of volume fraction and temperature on homogenized thermal conductivities and thermomechanical properties of Nb3Sn filaments at the microscale and mesoscale. Those homogenized properties provide a full picture for researchers or engineers to understand the Nb3Sn homogenized properties and will further facilitate the material design and application.
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Giurgea, S., T. Chevalier, J. L. Coulomb, and Y. Marchal. "Unified physical properties description in a multiphysics open platform." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 39, no. 3 (May 2003): 1642–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2003.810182.
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Bukshtynov, Vladislav, and Bartosz Protas. "Optimal reconstruction of material properties in complex multiphysics phenomena." Journal of Computational Physics 242 (June 2013): 889–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2013.02.034.
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Mohammed Ali, Ali K. "CdSe and CdTe Mechanical Properties Revealed by COMSOL Multiphasics." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 34, no. 4 (December 30, 2023): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v34i4.1355.
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Two Metal chalcogenide compounds CdTe and CdSe have been studied in depth because they are used in many optoelectronic and electronic devices. High pressure causes structural phase transitions in semiconductor materials, which have been the subject of much research. CdTe is a direct band-gap IIeVI semiconductor. Cadmium-tellurium crystalline compound has been used in more and more industries. High dislocation density is one of the problems with bulk-grown CdTe. Comsol Multiphysics was used to evaluate mechanical stress on a material. COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5 allows you to access a database of physics simulations. (CdSe and CdTe) were simulated to show the effects of mechanical stress. We use a physical model called Solid Mechanics to model the effect of mechanical stress. The results show that when pressure was applied at different levels (50pa, 100pa, 200pa, 300pa, 400pa), the strain values of (CdSe or CdTe) were similar, but (CdSe) was more resistant to deformation than (CdTe).
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Sanfilippo, Danilo, Bahman Ghiassi, Alessio Alexiadis, and Alvaro Garcia Hernandez. "Combined Peridynamics and Discrete Multiphysics to Study the Effects of Air Voids and Freeze-Thaw on the Mechanical Properties of Asphalt." Materials 14, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 1579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14071579.
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This paper demonstrates the use of peridynamics and discrete multiphysics to assess micro crack formation and propagation in asphalt at low temperatures and under freezing conditions. Three scenarios are investigated: (a) asphalt without air voids under compressive load, (b) asphalt with air voids and (c) voids filled with freezing water. The first two are computed with Peridynamics, the third with peridynamics combined with discrete multiphysics. The results show that the presence of voids changes the way cracks propagate in the material. In asphalt without voids, cracks tend to propagate at the interface between the mastic and the aggregate. In the presence of voids, they ‘jump’ from one void to the closest void. Water expansion is modelled by coupling Peridynamics with repulsive forces in the context of Discrete Multiphysics. Freezing water expands against the voids’ internal surface, building tension in the material. A network of cracks forms in the asphalt, weakening its mechanical properties. The proposed methodology provides a computational tool for generating samples of ‘digital asphalt’ that can be tested to assess the asphalt properties under different operating conditions.
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Belov, A. V., O. V. Kopchenov, A. O. Skachkov, and D. E. Ushakov. "Solid-state explosion simulation in COMSOL Multiphysics." Multiphase Systems 14, no. 4 (2019): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21662/mfs2019.4.032.
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In this work, the propagation of blast waves in a rock mass caused by a short-term load is considered. Such loads are typical in the construction of tunnels and other excavations using blasting. For modeling by the finite element method, the cross-platform software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 was used. The explosion is reproduced in a steel tank whose steel grade is EN 1.7220 4CrMo4. The medium in the tank has the properties of granite rock (Young’s modulus E = 50 GPa, Poisson’s ratio ν = 2/7, Density ρ = 2700 kg/m3 ). The sphere is also a body having the properties of granite. Set to clarify the geometry of the explosion and the area where the mesh is indicated. The tank has dimensions: 10.39 m in length and diameter 2.9 m. The wall thickness of the tank is 0.01 m. To model the explosion, the Solid Mechanics interface was used, located in the Structural Mechanics branch, based on solving equations of motion together with a model for solid material. Results such as displacement, stress, and strain are calculated. The force per unit volume (Fv) is specified by the normal pressure in the sphere. Also, the tensile strength was calculated for this steel grade: upon reaching a certain pressure in the tank (7.26 MPa), the simulation stops, and the system notifies at what point in time the destruction occurred. A Time Dependent Study is used. Seconds are used as a unit of time. The task is calculated from 0 seconds (initial moment of time) to 0.003 seconds (final moment of time) with a construction step of 0.00005.
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Qu, Danqi, and Hui-Chia Yu. "Multiphysics Electrochemical Impedance Simulations of Complex Multiphase Electrodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 54 (December 22, 2023): 2548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02542548mtgabs.
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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a widely used technique for characterizing materials in electrochemical systems. However, directly connecting the obtained quantities to microstructure-level phenomena is challenging. In this work, we performed detailed electrochemical microstructure simulations to investigate the EIS behavior of phase-separating graphite electrodes. We employed the Cahn-Hilliard phase-field equation to model Li transport and phase transitions in the graphite particles. In single-phase graphite particles, the charge-transfer resistance reflected the total active surface areas. In two-phase coexistence graphite particles with phase boundaries present on the particle surfaces, the simulations exhibited an inductive loop on the EIS curve. In core-shell phase-morphology cases, the EIS measurements reflected only the properties of the shells. The resulting EIS curves were indistinguishable from those in the single-phase cases. While Fick's law of diffusion has been mistakenly employed to model Li transport in phase-separating graphite electrodes, our simulations showed that the EIS curves obtained using the Fickian diffusion model were very similar to those obtained using the Cahn-Hilliard phase-field model. This tool provides unprecedentedly detailed simulations to connect the intrinsic material properties, electrochemical processes in the microstructures, and resulting EIS behavior. Figure 1
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Nilboworn, Salakjit, Phairote Wounchoum, Warit Wichakool, and Wiriya Thongruang. "Electrical Properties Characterization and Numerical Models of Rubber Composite at High Frequency." Advanced Materials Research 844 (November 2013): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.844.429.
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This paper presents a numerical model of rubber composite using a COMSOL multiphysics program to simulate electrical properties of the rubber composite in the frequency range of 300 kHz to 30 MHz. The rubber composite was made of natural rubber vulcanized with carbon black and carbon nanotube. The chracterization was done by setting up a parallel plate capacitive structure in a shape of circular disk with a diameter of 38 mm and using the RF vector network analyzer to measure electrical properties in term of electrical impedance, specifically resistance (R) and reactance (X). Three different thinknesses of rubber composite sheets were used in the experiment, specifically 0.7 mm, 1.7 mm, and 2.9 mm. From the physical dimension of the test setup, capacitance (C), dissipation factor (D), relative permitivity (εr), and conductivity (σ) can be calculated. These extracted parameters together with the physical dimension of the test structure were used to create COMSOL multiphysics simulation models. The program can simulate non-linear modeling of the rubber composite under different electromagnetic constrains. The simulation results were compared to the measured results for all samples. Comparison results show that all electrical parameters were closly matched, indicating that the COMSOL multiphysics models were correctly generated. The results also indicate that the conductivity and the relative permittivity of the tested rubber composite change dramatically at the frequency above 10 MHz. The results indicate the physical limit of the tested rubber composite in the sensing application. The simulation model proposed in this paper can be used to design and possibly predict the geometical and electrical properties of the rubber composite in future applications.
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Neubauer, Justin, and Kwang J. Kim. "Multiphysics Modeling Framework for Soft PVC Gel Sensors with Experimental Comparisons." Polymers 15, no. 4 (February 9, 2023): 864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15040864.
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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gels have recently been found to exhibit mechanoelectrical transduction or sensing capabilities under compressive loading applications. This phenomenon is not wholly understood but has been characterized as an adsorption-like phenomena under varying amounts and types of plasticizers. A different polymer lattice structure has also been tested, thermoplastic polyurethane, which showed similar sensing characteristics. This study examines mechanical and electrical properties of these gel sensors and proposes a mathematical framework of the underlying mechanisms of mechanoelectrical transduction. COMSOL Multiphysics is used to show solid mechanics characteristics, electrostatic properties, and transport of interstitial plasticizer under compressive loading applications. The solid mechanics takes a continuum mechanics approach and includes a highly compressive Storakers material model for compressive loading applications. The electrostatics and transport properties include charge conservation and a Langmuir adsorption migration model with variable diffusion properties based on plasticizer properties. Results show both plasticizer concentration gradient as well as expected voltage response under varying amounts and types of plasticizers. Experimental work is also completed to show agreeance with the modeling results.
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Sengupta, Madhumita, Mark G. Kittridge, and Jean-Pierre Blangy. "Using digital rocks and simulations of pore-scale multiphysics to characterize a sandstone reservoir." Interpretation 5, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): SB33—SB43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2016-0068.1.
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The modeling and prediction of transport and elastic properties for sandstones are critical steps in the exploration and appraisal of hydrocarbon reservoirs, particularly in deepwater settings where seismic data are abundant and well costs are high. Reliable multiphysics modeling of reservoir rocks requires robust models that respect the underlying geologic character and microstructure of the geomaterial and honor the measured properties. We have developed a case study that integrates traditional laboratory measurements with computational methods to quantify and relate physical properties of reservoir sandstones. We evaluate the complementary use of digital rock simulations as a practical technology that adds physical insight into the development and calibration of rock-property relationships. We also determine the challenges faced while applying digital rock physics to interpret laboratory data, and the steps taken to overcome those limitations. Combining physical and computational methods, we achieve an improved understanding of the link between geologic properties (sorting, microporosity) with transport (single-phase permeability, electrical conductivity) and elastic properties (moduli). Combining physical measurements with numerical computations has enhanced our understanding of multiphysics relationships in a heterogeneous sandstone reservoir.
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Bierwisch, C., A. Butz, B. Dietemann, A. Wessel, T. Najuch, and S. Mohseni-Mofidi. "PBF-LB/M multiphysics process simulation from powder to mechanical properties." Procedia CIRP 111 (2022): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2022.08.111.
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Ariffin, Shahrul A. B., U. Hashim, and Tijjani Adam. "Designing Microchannels Separator Mask for Lithography Process." Advanced Materials Research 795 (September 2013): 563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.795.563.
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Recently microfluidic has drawn attention from fellow research because of their unique properties and behavior in biotechnology, biomedical, micro and nanotechnology. Microfluidic is a combination from several components that consists from Microhannel, micromixer, microchamber, concentrator, separation and valve but component of microfluidic will be conduct in simulation is microfluidic separation and microchannel. This paper will elaborate more about design of microchannel separator by using COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5 software and base on the result from the COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5, we can create a detail design in the autoCAD software and lastly, as the result for this paper is an actual fabrication mask will be reveal for further fabrication process.
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Jamolov, Umid, Francesco Peccini, and Giovanni Maizza. "Multiphysics Design of an Automotive Regenerative Eddy Current Damper." Energies 15, no. 14 (July 11, 2022): 5044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145044.
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This research presents a finite element multi-physics design methodology that can be used to develop and optimise the inherent functions and geometry of an innovative regenerative eddy current (REC) damper for the suspension of B class vehicles. This methodology was inspired by a previous work which has been applied successfully for the development of an eddy current (EC) damper used for the same type of applications. It is based on a multifield finite element coupled model that can be used to fulfil the electromagnetic, thermal, and fluid dynamic field properties and boundary conditions of a REC damper, as well as its non-linear material properties and boundary conditions, while also analysing its damping performance. The proposed REC damper features a variable fail-safe damping force, while electric power is advantageously regenerated at high suspension frequencies. Its damping performance has been benchmarked against that of a regular hydraulic shock absorber (selected as a reference) by analysing the dynamic behaviour of both systems using a quarter car suspension model. The results are expressed in terms of damping force, harvested power, thermal field, comfort and handling, with reference to ISO-class roads. The optimisation analysis of the REC damper has suggested useful guidelines for the harmonisation of damping and regenerative power performances during service operation at different piston speeds.
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Yang, Jikun, Zhanmiao Li, Xudong Xin, Xiangyu Gao, Xiaoting Yuan, Zehuan Wang, Zhonghui Yu, Xiaohui Wang, Ji Zhou, and Shuxiang Dong. "Designing electromechanical metamaterial with full nonzero piezoelectric coefficients." Science Advances 5, no. 11 (November 2019): eaax1782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax1782.
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Designing topological and geometrical structures with extended unnatural parameters (negative, near-zero, ultrahigh, or tunable) and counterintuitive properties is a big challenge in the field of metamaterials, especially for relatively unexplored materials with multiphysics coupling effects. For natural piezoelectric ceramics, only five nonzero elements in the piezoelectric matrix exist, which has impeded the design and application of piezoelectric devices for decades. Here, we introduce a methodology, inspired by quasi-symmetry breaking, realizing artificial anisotropy by metamaterial design to excite all the nonzero elements in contrast to zero values in natural materials. By elaborately programming topological structures and geometrical dimensions of the unit elements, we demonstrate, theoretically and experimentally, that tunable nonzero or ultrahigh values of overall effective piezoelectric coefficients can be obtained. While this work focuses on generating piezoelectric parameters of ceramics, the design principle should be inspirational to create unnatural apparent properties of other multiphysics coupling metamaterials.
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Zinelabiddine, Mezache, Fatiha Benabdelaziz, Samir Seghaouil, and Walid Chaibi. "A comparative study of 2d nanostructureds chiral photonic crystal connected and disconnected in terahertz (THZ) re-gime." International Journal of Physical Research 6, no. 1 (February 26, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijpr.v6i1.9260.
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The 2D nanostructureds Chiral Photonic Crystal (CPC) connected and disconnected in terahertz (THz) regime, on silicon oxide SiO2 substrates, are comparatively studied via Comsol Multiphysics 5.0. Where properties of this nanostructureds are discussed based on transmission coefficient (S21) and reflection coefficient (S11).
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Garmendia, Iñaki, Haritz Vallejo, and Usue Osés. "Composite Mould Design with Multiphysics FEM Computations Guidance." Computation 11, no. 2 (February 17, 2023): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation11020041.
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Composite moulds constitute an attractive alternative to classical metallic moulds when used for components fabricated by processes such as Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM). However, there are many factors that have to be accounted for if a correct design of the moulds is sought after. In this paper, the Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to help in the design of the mould. To do so, a thermo-electrical simulation has been performed through MSC-Marc in the preheating phase in order to ensure that the mould is able to be heated, through the Joule’s effect, according to the thermal cycle specified under operating conditions. Mean temperatures of 120 °C and 100 °C are predicted for the lower and upper semi-mould parts, respectively. Additionally, a thermo-electrical-mechanical calculation has been completed with MSC-Marc to calculate the tensile state along the system during the preheating stage. For the filling phase, the filling process itself has been simulated through RTM-Worx. Both the uniform- and non-uniform temperature distribution approaches have been used to assess the resulting effect. It has been found that this piece of software cannot model the temperature dependency of the resin and a numerical trick must have been applied in the second case to overcome it. Results have been found to be very dependent on the approach, the filling time being 73% greater when modelling a non-uniform temperature distribution. The correct behaviour of the mould during the filling stage, as a consequence of the filling pressure, has been also proved with a specific mechanical analysis conducted with MSC-Marc. Finally, the thermo-elastic response of the mould during the curing stage has been numerically assessed. This analysis has been made through MSC-Marc, paying special attention to the curing of the resin and the exothermic reaction that takes place. For the sake of accuracy, a user subroutine to include specific curing laws has been used. Material properties employed are also described in detail following a modified version of the Scott model, with curing properties extracted from experiments. All these detailed calculations have been the cornerstone to designing the composite mould and have also unveiled some capabilities that were missed in the commercial codes employed. Future versions of these commercial codes will have to deal with these weak points but, as a whole, the Finite Element Method is shown to be an appropriate tool for helping in the design of composite moulds.
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Rabbani, Arash, Brittany Wojciechowski, and Bhisham Sharma. "Imaging based pore network modeling of acoustical materials." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (March 1, 2023): A361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0019165.
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The acoustical behavior of porous materials is dictated by their underlying pore network geometry. Given the complexity of accurately characterizing the various pore network features, current acoustical models instead rely on indirectly incorporating these features by accounting for them within acoustical transport properties, such as tortuosity, viscous and thermal characteristic lengths, and flow resistivity. In turn, these transport properties are currently identified using inverse characterization techniques or using multiphysics modeling techniques. Here, we propose the use of advanced image processing methods to characterize the pore network of acoustical materials and allow the direct calculation of their transport and acoustical properties. To establish the feasibility of this idea, we create 3D printable CAD models of porous materials with controlled pore geometries and use a Matlab-based watershed segmentation technique to calculate their effective pore and throat size distributions. These distributions are then used to calculate their transport properties and predict their sound absorption coefficients using the Johnson–Champoux–Allard model. For comparison, we calculate the transport properties using the hybrid multiphysics modeling technique and the inverse characterization method. The predictions from the three different methods are then compared with experimental measurements obtained by printing and testing the models using an impedance tube.
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Mezghani, Fadhil, Dominique Barchiesi, Abel Cherouat, Thomas Grosges, and Houman Borouchaki. "Comparison of 3D Adaptive Remeshing Strategies for Finite Element Simulations of Electromagnetic Heating of Gold Nanoparticles." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/469310.
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The optical properties of metallic nanoparticles are well known, but the study of their thermal behavior is in its infancy. However the local heating of surrounding medium, induced by illuminated nanostructures, opens the way to new sensors and devices. Consequently the accurate calculation of the electromagnetically induced heating of nanostructures is of interest. The proposed multiphysics problem cannot be directly solved with the classical refinement method of Comsol Multiphysics and a 3D adaptive remeshing process based on ana posteriorierror estimator is used. In this paper the efficiency of three remeshing strategies for solving the multiphysics problem is compared. The first strategy uses independent remeshing for each physical quantity to reach a given accuracy. The second strategy only controls the accuracy on temperature. The third strategy uses a linear combination of the two normalized targets (the electric field intensity and the temperature). The analysis of the performance of each strategy is based on the convergence of the remeshing process in terms of number of elements. The efficiency of each strategy is also characterized by the number of computation iterations, the number of elements, the CPU time, and the RAM required to achieve a given target accuracy.
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Samon, Jean, Jemimah Ndomou, and Damasse Fotsa. "Analysis of coupling methods: a review." Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences 15, no. 3 (October 30, 2022): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v15i3.835.
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The multiphysics field is a branch of physics whose objective is to couple at least two physical systems. Each is governed by its own principles of evolution or equilibrium such as balance laws or constitutive laws. Many engineering problems can only be described correctly by coupling fields of physics that have historically been developed and taught separately. These problems require on the one hand a good understanding of each physical domain, but above all an analysis of the coupling mechanisms of these physical domains, in order to propose a relevant model capable of solving the problem. A challenge in the multiphysics (mechatronics) field is the construction of coupled multiphysics models from experimental observations, as well as the analysis of their mathematical properties. The mathematical analysis of the coupled model must be able to show the well-posedness of the problem at the defined boundary and initial values. For this reason, we have identified several coupling methods: Newton, Gauss-Seidel, JNFK, and direct and explicit coupling. From these methods, it appears that the Newton method is suitable for the coupling of the different disciplines of Mechatronics. A summary table shows the comparative advantages of each method.
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Andreenkov, Evgeniy S., Vaclav E. Skorubskiy, and Sergey A. Shunaev. "On the issue of modeling a high-voltage insulator in the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 soft package." Journal Of Applied Informatics 16, no. 95 (October 29, 2021): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37791/2687-0649-2021-16-5-126-135.
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The article discusses the main aspects of modeling suspended polymer high-voltage insulation of overhead power lines (PTL) in the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 software package. Analytical expressions of the mathematical model of the electromagnetic field around the insulator are given, on the basis of which a numerical solution is formed within the software package that allows you to build a model of the electric field in two-dimensional and three-dimensional space. There are three main stages of working with the program interface. At the first stage, the task of the geometric dimensions of the model and the surrounding area is considered, attention is paid to the formation of the design features of polymer insulators. In the second stage, the physical properties of the structural materials of the insulator, as well as the surrounding space, are described. The third stage is reduced to the determination of boundary conditions for solving the Poisson differential equation. Recommendations for finite element mesh density are given. A gradient picture of the distribution of the electric potential near the surface of the insulator is presented. The graphs of the distribution of the normal component of the electric field strength along the surface of the insulator are also plotted. On the basis of the obtained results, the influence of external factors on the properties of the polymer insulator is studied. A possible variant of modeling influencing factors, such as pollution and moisture, by making changes in the description of the physical properties of the insulator surface, namely by including a uniform and continuous layer with a given conductivity, is described. The distribution of the normal component of the electric field strength along the surface of the insulator with contamination is obtained. The results of modeling the electric field distribution with the presence of contamination on the surface of the insulator and its absence are summarized in the table where the electric field strength is indicated depending on the distance to the traverse. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, an assumption is made about the overestimated level of the maximum electric field on the insulators recommended by the manufacturers. The convergence of the considered models with the experimental data obtained in the course of long-term observation of the dynamics of the degradation and aging processes of the surface of polymer suspended insulators of overhead transmission lines is discussed.
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Dai, Jing, Zhi Xiong Huang, Zhuo Chen, Rong Yang Dou, and Min Xian Shi. "Analysis of Active Vibration Control in Damping Cantilever Beam by ANSYS with Material Properties." Applied Mechanics and Materials 252 (December 2012): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.252.102.
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It is possible to model transient dynamic analysis of different composite foam cantilever beams by ANSYS/Multiphysics. By the piezoelectric material's positive piezoelectric effect and negative piezoelectric effect, the active vibration control of damping cantilever beam has achieved through the APDL program. The analysis of the results indicates when the control ratio K kept constant, the vibration stop times and the material damping ratio were closely connected.
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Yu, Minghao, Zeyang Qiu, Bo Lv, and Yusuke Takahashi. "Multiphysics Mathematical Modeling and Flow Field Analysis of an Inflatable Membrane Aeroshell in Suborbital Reentry." Mathematics 10, no. 5 (March 5, 2022): 832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10050832.
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In the present study, a multiphysics mathematical model for reproducing the flow field characteristics of an inflatable aeroshell was developed to study the aerodynamic properties of the flow around a membrane reentry vehicle. Firstly, the configuration and flight sequence of a membrane reentry vehicle used in the experiment were introduced. Secondly, mathematical equations of multiphysics fields, such as the Navier–Stokes equations, the heat conduction equation, and the membrane deformation equation, were introduced and numerically solved. The variation characteristics of the flow properties during the aerodynamic heating of a membrane vehicle were studied and discussed in detail under the conditions of different flight altitudes. The results showed that for the membrane vehicle, the high-temperature flow field at the front of its capsule was in a state of thermal non-equilibrium with the decrease of flight altitude and its membrane deformation degree was proportional to the pressure. The translational temperature and electron number density of the plasma flow around the aeroshell remained at a relatively low level for the membrane vehicle so that the blackout phenomenon scarcely occurred during its atmospheric reentry.
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Ramadan, E. M., Ahmed E.Hussien, Amro M.Youssef, and Tarek M. Abd El-Badia. "Numerical Simulation of Wear in Aircraft Carbon-Carbon Composite Disk Brake." Journal of Engineering and Science Research 6, no. 6 (December 30, 2022): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26666/rmp.jesr.2022.6.9.
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Friction and wear are two major factors affecting the disk brake service life. Carbon-carbon composite materials have good stable friction properties, which enable them to operate as friction material in aircraft brakes application. This article discusses a wear simulation method for predicting the wear amount of c/c composite aircraft brakes under simulated operating conditions. A modified version of Archard’s wear equation is used in 2-D axisymmetric finite element model in order to predict the disk brake friction surfaces wear progression. The finite element commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5 is used to simulate wear and is presented in this paper. Wear law was implemented as a boundary ordinary differential equation (ODE) in a COMSOL Multiphysics simulation, considering wear depth (thickness) as the independent variable. Frictional heat generation is simulated as heat affects on material thermal properties and as a result surface deformation. Element removal technique is used to simulate the brake disk geometry thickness change due to the material loss during wear. Wear progression with time is presented. Wear model is verified using experimental work from literature.
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Alhammadi, Ayoob, Abdulmonem Fetyan, Rahmat Agung Susantyoko, and Musbaudeen O. Bamgbopa. "Understanding Characteristic Electrochemical Impedance Spectra of Redox Flow Batteries with Multiphysics Modelling." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 25 (August 28, 2023): 1678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01251678mtgabs.
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Abstract Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a non-destructive technique for analyzing electrochemical systems (such as redox flow batteries – RFBs). Battery researchers widely adopt equivalent circuit models (ECMs) to analyze EIS spectra of RFBs and attempt to use the circuit to deduce prevalent transport and kinetic properties [1]. Straightforward adoption of these ECMs suffers from some setbacks which need rectifying. There is a major issue of poor or inconsistent physical interpretation of the different circuit elements. ECMs of batteries are commonly used in real-time applications due to their simplicity and importance for determining properties like state-of-charge. However, prediction performance in low state-of-charge areas has to be improved [2], which reinforces the need to relate recorded spectra to the physical properties of cell components. Using an experimentally validated full Multiphysics model of single-cell vanadium RFB analyzed in the frequency domain, we approach understanding the EIS spectra characteristics based on the influence of cell features and operating parameters. To achieve our analyses, we investigate the effects of different cell properties and operating parameters on the Multiphysics model produced EIS spectra and the resulting ECM circuit element parameters that fit the spectra. Five different values for each cell property or operating parameter are considered for the following components: Electrode: Electrical conductivity, porosity vis a vie specific surface area and hydraulic permeability, reaction rate constants for the positive and negative sides. Membrane: Ionic conductivity, fixed charge concentration, porosity, and hydraulic permeability. Electrolyte: State-of-charge, Composition vis a vie bulk diffusion coefficients of species, density, and viscosity. References [1] A.K. Tripathi, D. Choudhury, M.E. Joy, M.J.J.o.T.E.S. Neergat, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic Investigation of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery, 169 (2022) 050513. [2] Y.A. Gandomi, D. Aaron, T. Zawodzinski, M.J.J.o.T.E.S. Mench, In situ potential distribution measurement and validated model for all-vanadium redox flow battery, 163 (2015) A5188.
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Lomte, Amulya, and Bhisham Sharma. "Effect of geometrical defects on the acoustical transport properties of periodic porous absorbers manufactured using stereolithography." Noise Control Engineering Journal 71, no. 5 (September 1, 2023): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1/377129.
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Additive manufacturing allows the fabrication of acoustical materials with previously unrealizable micro- and macrostructural complexities. However, the still nascent understanding of various geometrical defects occurring during the additive process remains a barrier to accurately predicting the acoustical behavior of such complex absorbers. In this study, we present the results from our efforts on numerically modeling the absorption behavior of periodic porous absorbers fabricated using the stereolithography (SLA) technique using the hybrid micro-macro multiphysics approach. Specifically, we focus on understanding the role played by the expansion or shrinkage of the solid ligaments during the SLA process on the acoustical properties of the final printed samples. First, the periodic absorbers are modeled using COMSOL multiphysics, where the transport properties are derived using the micro-modeling method and sound absorption behavior using the Johnson-Champoux-Allard-Lafarge-Pride semi-empirical model. Then, results from the expansion study guide the changes in the ligament sizes in the unit cell modeling. Finally, the fabricated samples are tested using an impedance tube, and the measured absorption properties are compared to the a priori numerical predictions. Results indicate that accounting for fabrication defects within the numerical modeling schema can provide reliable sound absorption predictions for additively manufactured porous absorbers.
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Lomte, Amulya, and Bhisham Sharma. "Effect of geometrical defects on the acoustical and transport properties of periodic porous absorbers manufactured using stereolithography." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 266, no. 2 (May 25, 2023): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/nc_2023_0039.
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Additive manufacturing allows the fabrication of acoustical materials with previously unrealizable micro- and macrostructural complexities. However, the still nascent understanding of various geometrical defects occurring during the additive process remains a barrier to accurately predicting the acoustical behavior of such complex absorbers. In this study, we present the results from our efforts on numerically modeling the absorption behavior of periodic porous absorbers fabricated using the stereolithography (SLA) technique using the hybrid micro-macro multiphysics approach. Specifically, we focus on understanding the role played by the expansion or shrinkage of the solid ligaments during the SLA process on the transport parameters of the final printed samples. First, the periodic absorbers are modeled using COMSOL multiphysics, where the transport properties are derived using the Johnson-Champoux-Allard-Lafarge-Pride (JCALP) semiempirical model. Results from the parametric study guide the design and fabrication of test articles that closely match the initial design requirements. Finally, the fabricated samples are tested using an impedance tube, and the obtained absorption properties are compared to the a priori numerical predictions. Results indicate that accounting for fabrication defects within the numerical modeling schema can provide reliable sound absorption predictions for additively manufactured porous absorbers.
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Taylor Parkins, Shannara Kayleigh, Swathi Murthy, Cristian Picioreanu, and Michael Kühl. "Multiphysics modelling of photon, mass and heat transfer in coral microenvironments." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 18, no. 182 (September 2021): 20210532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2021.0532.
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Coral reefs are constructed by calcifying coral animals that engage in a symbiosis with dinoflagellate microalgae harboured in their tissue. The symbiosis takes place in the presence of steep and dynamic gradients of light, temperature and chemical species that are affected by the structural and optical properties of the coral and their interaction with incident irradiance and water flow. Microenvironmental analyses have enabled quantification of such gradients and bulk coral tissue and skeleton optical properties, but the multi-layered nature of corals and its implications for the optical, thermal and chemical microenvironment remains to be studied in more detail. Here, we present a multiphysics modelling approach, where three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations of the light field in a simple coral slab morphology with multiple tissue layers were used as input for modelling the heat dissipation and photosynthetic oxygen production driven by photon absorption. By coupling photon, heat and mass transfer, the model predicts light, temperature and O 2 gradients in the coral tissue and skeleton, under environmental conditions simulating, for example, tissue contraction/expansion, symbiont loss via coral bleaching or different distributions of coral host pigments. The model reveals basic structure–function mechanisms that shape the microenvironment and ecophysiology of the coral symbiosis in response to environmental change.
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Stepanov, Sergei, Djulustan Nikiforov, and Aleksandr Grigorev. "Multiscale Multiphysics Modeling of the Infiltration Process in the Permafrost." Mathematics 9, no. 20 (October 11, 2021): 2545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9202545.
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In this work, we design a multiscale simulation method based on the Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method (GMsFEM) for numerical modeling of fluid seepage under permafrost condition in heterogeneous soils. The complex multiphysical model consists of the coupled Richards equation and the Stefan problem. These problems often contain heterogeneities due to variations of soil properties. For this reason, we design coarse-grid spaces for the multiphysical problem and design special algorithms for solving the overall problem. A numerical method has been tested on two- and three-dimensional model problems. A a quasi-real geometry with a complex surface is considered for the three-dimensional case. We demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method using several representative numerical results.
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Voznesensky, A. S., and L. K. Kidima-Mbombi. "Formation of synthetic structures and textures of rocks when simulating in COMSOL Multiphysics." Gornye nauki i tekhnologii = Mining Science and Technology (Russia) 6, no. 2 (July 14, 2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2021-2-65-72.
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Rock texture and structure play an important role in the formation of the rock physical properties, and also carry information about their genesis. The paper deals with the simulation of geometric shapes of various structures and textures of rocks by the finite-element method (FEM). It is carried out by programmed detailing of the element properties and their spatial location in the simulated object. When programming structures, it is also possible to set the physical properties of various parts of the model, grids, initial and boundary conditions, which can be changed in accordance with the scenarios for numerical experiments. In this study, on the basis of FEM, simulation of various structures and textures of rocks with inclusions and disruptions was implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics in conjunction with Matlab. Such structures are used to conduct computer generated simulations to determine physical properties of geomaterials and study the effect on them of agents of various physical nature. The building of several models was considered: a rock specimen with inclusions in the form of ellipses of equal dimensions with different orientations; a sandstone specimen containing inclusions with high modulus of elasticity in cement matrix when deforming; a limestone specimen with fractures filled with oil and saline water when determining its specific electrical resistance. As an example of a fractured structure analysis, the influence of the filler on the electrical resistance of the limestone specimen containing a system of thin elliptical predominantly horizontal fractures was considered. The change in the lines of current flow at different ratios between the matrix and the fracture filler conductivities and their effect on the effective (averaged) conductivity of the rock specimen was clearly demonstrated. The lower conductivity of the fracture filler leads to increasing the length and decreasing the cross-section of the current flow lines that, in turn, leads to significant decrease in the conductivity of the fractured rock specimen. The higher filler conductivity results in a slight increase in the conductivity of the fractured specimen compared to that of the homogeneous isotropic specimen. The resulting structures can be used for numerical experiments to study physical properties of rocks.
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Högblom, Olle, and Ronnie Andersson. "Multiphysics CFD Simulation for Design and Analysis of Thermoelectric Power Generation." Energies 13, no. 17 (August 22, 2020): 4344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174344.
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The multiphysics simulation methodology presented in this paper permits extension of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to account for electric power generation and its effect on the energy transport, the Seebeck voltage, the electrical currents in thermoelectric systems. The energy transport through Fourier, Peltier, Thomson and Joule mechanisms as a function of temperature and electrical current, and the electrical connection between thermoelectric modules, is modeled using subgrid CFD models which make the approach computational efficient and generic. This also provides a solution to the scale separation problem that arise in CFD analysis of thermoelectric heat exchangers and allows the thermoelectric models to be fully coupled with the energy transport in the CFD analysis. Model validation includes measurement of the relevant fluid dynamic properties (pressure and temperature distribution) and electric properties (current and voltage) for a turbulent flow inside a thermoelectric heat exchanger designed for automotive applications. Predictions of pressure and temperature drop in the system are accurate and the error in predicted current and voltage is less than 1.5% at all exhaust gas flow rates and temperatures studied which is considered very good. Simulation results confirm high computational efficiency and stable simulations with low increase in computational time compared to standard CFD heat-transfer simulations. Analysis of the results also reveals that even at the lowest heat transfer rate studied it is required to use a full two way coupling in the energy transport to accurately predict the electric power generation.
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Odette, G. R., B. D. Wirth, D. J. Bacon, and N. M. Ghoniem. "Multiscale-Multiphysics Modeling of Radiation-Damaged Materials: Embrittlement of Pressure-Vessel Steels." MRS Bulletin 26, no. 3 (March 2001): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2001.39.
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Radiation damage, and its attendant effect on a wide spectrum of materials properties, is a central issue in many advanced technologies ranging from ion-beam processing to the development of fusion power. Indeed, the various challenges presented by irradiation effects are too numerous to discuss in this brief article.
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Wang, Weijie, Yannan Liu, Zhenguo Zhao, and Haijing Zhou. "Parallel Multiphysics Simulation of Package Systems Using an Efficient Domain Decomposition Method." Electronics 10, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10020158.
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With the continuing downscaling in feature sizes, the thermal impact on material properties and geometrical deformations can no longer be ignored in the analysis of the electromagnetic compatibility or electromagnetic interference of package systems, including System-in-Package and antenna arrays. We present a high-performance numerical simulation program that is intended to perform large-scale multiphysics simulations using the finite element method. An efficient domain decomposition method was developed to accelerate the multiphysics loops of electromagnetic–thermal stress simulations by considering the fact that the electromagnetic field perturbations caused by geometrical deformation are small and constrained in one or a few subdomains. The multi-level parallelism of the algorithm was also obtained based on an in-house developed parallel infrastructure. Numerical examples showed that our algorithm is able to enable simulation with multiple processors in parallel and, more importantly, achieve a significant reduction in computation time compared with traditional methods.
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Lemaire, T., J. Kaiser, S. Naili, and V. Sansalone. "Three-Scale Multiphysics Modeling of Transport Phenomena within Cortical Bone." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/398970.
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Bone tissue can adapt its properties and geometry to its physical environment. This ability is a key point in the osteointegration of bone implants since it controls the tissue remodeling in the vicinity of the treated site. Since interstitial fluid and ionic transport taking place in the fluid compartments of bone plays a major role in the mechanotransduction of bone remodeling, this theoretical study presents a three-scale model of the multiphysical transport phenomena taking place within the vasculature porosity and the lacunocanalicular network of cortical bone. These two porosity levels exchange mass and ions through the permeable outer wall of the Haversian-Volkmann canals. Thus, coupled equations of electrochemohydraulic transport are derived from the nanoscale of the canaliculi toward the cortical tissue, considering the intermediate scale of the intraosteonal tissue. In particular, the Onsager reciprocity relations that govern the coupled transport are checked.
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Pettersen, Fred-Johan, and Jan Olav Høgetveit. "From 3D tissue data to impedance using Simpleware ScanFE+IP and COMSOL Multiphysics – a tutorial." Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance 2, no. 1 (July 23, 2019): 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/jeb.173.
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Abstract Tools such as Simpleware ScanIP+FE and COMSOL Multiphysics allow us to gain a better understanding of bioimpedance measurements without actually doing the measurements. This tutorial will cover the steps needed to go from a 3D voxel data set to a model that can be used to simulate a transfer impedance measurement. Geometrical input data used in this tutorial are from MRI scan of a human thigh, which are converted to a mesh using Simpleware ScanIP+FE. The mesh is merged with electrical properties for the relevant tissues, and a simulation is done in COMSOL Multiphysics. Available numerical output data are transfer impedance, contribution from different tissues to final transfer impedance, and voltages at electrodes. Available volume output data are normal and reciprocal current densities, potential, sensitivity, and volume impedance sensitivity. The output data are presented as both numbers and graphs. The tutorial will be useful even if data from other sources such as VOXEL-MAN or CT scans are used.
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Zhapbasbayev, U. K., and A. D. Kudaibergen. "Modeling of heat transfer in a fuel pellet based on uranium dioxide and ceramics (beryllium oxide)." Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu 318, no. 3 (September 12, 2021): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2021/6445.31.
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The results of heat transfer mathematical model calculations in the “UO2-BeO” pellet are presented. The fuel pellet consists of uranium dioxide (UO2) and beryllium oxide (BeO) ceramics. Modeling of heat transfer was carried out by a system of generalized heat conduction equations with variable thermophysical properties. The calculated data of the temperature field in the fuel pellet were obtained using the COMSOL Multiphysics software code. The results of temperature calculations were compared with the data of other authors. The agreement of the calculated data shows the mathematical model and the COMSOL Multiphysics code algorithms correctness. Various arrangements of beryllium oxide ceramics BeO in a fuel pellet are considered. The arrangement of the BeO ceramics in the centre of the fuel pellet showed a noticeable decrease in temperature in the energy release zone. Calculations have shown that the composite fuel “UO2-BeO” is the most effective for regulating the thermal regime of fuel elements.
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Liu, Chenran, Ke Xu, Jian Feng, and Ming Fang. "Investigation of Giant Nonlinearity in a Plasmonic Metasurface with Epsilon-Near-Zero Film." Photonics 10, no. 5 (May 19, 2023): 592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10050592.
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Plasmonic metamaterials can exhibit a variety of physical optical properties that offer extraordinary nonlinear conversion efficiency for ultra-compact nanodevice applications. Furthermore, the optical-rectification effect from the plasmonic nonlinear metasurfaces (NLMSs) can be used as a compact source of deep-subwavelength thickness to radiate broadband terahertz (THz) signals. Meanwhile, a novel dual-mode metasurface consisting of a split-ring resonator (SRR) array and an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) layer was presented to boost the THz conversion efficiency further. In this paper, to explore the mechanism of THz generation from plasmonic NLMSs, the Maxwell-hydrodynamic multiphysics model is adopted to investigate complex linear and intrinsic nonlinear dynamics in plasmonics. We solve the multiphysics model using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the numerical results demonstrate the physical mechanism of the THz generation processes which cannot be observed in our previous experiments directly. The proposed method reveals a new approach for developing new types of high-conversion-efficiency nonlinear nanodevices.
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ISHIOKA, Tomohiro, Yoji SHIBUTANI, and Ryuichi TARUMI. "418 Electron Beam-induced Acoustic Wave Properties by Multiphysics Analyses of Thermo-electroelastic Field." Proceedings of Conference of Kansai Branch 2013.88 (2013): _4–18_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekansai.2013.88._4-18_.
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Liu, Rong, Wenzhong Zhou, Andrew Prudil, and Paul K. Chan. "Multiphysics modeling of UO2-SiC composite fuel performance with enhanced thermal and mechanical properties." Applied Thermal Engineering 107 (August 2016): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.06.173.
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Cumbunga, Judice, Said Abboudi, and Dominique Chamoret. "Numerical Modeling and Simulation of Microstructure Evolution during Solid-State Sintering: Multiphysics Approach." Key Engineering Materials 969 (December 12, 2023): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-idpi6f.
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A multiphysics numerical approach based on a coupling of heat conduction equation, mechanical field (effect of gravity), and phase-field equations is proposed as an alternative to predict the microstructure evolution of 316L stainless steel during the pressureless solid-state sintering process. In this context, a numerical model based on the finite element method has shown to be suitable for evaluating the impact of the thermal field, as the activation force of the sintering process, on the microstructure field evolution and, in turn, the impact of the evolution of phase field variables on the material properties. The model was validated by comparison with literature results and applied to simulate the microstructure evolution for different sintering temperatures and particle sizes to evaluate the influence of these parameters on microstructure evolution. The results proved that model can be used to analyze the microstructure evolution, both from a quantitative and quality point of view, which makes it suitable for evaluating the impact of sintering parameters on material properties.
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Schneider, Olga, Diego Gonzalez, and Arnd Ehrhardt. "Multiphysical Simulation of Impulse Current Arcs in Spark Gaps for Industrial Applications." PLASMA PHYSICS AND TECHNOLOGY 10, no. 3 (September 4, 2023): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ppt.2023.3.119.
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Digital prototyping enables cost-effective production and modular optimization of surge protection devices (SPD). Numerical model of SPD prototypes involves complex multiphysics phenomena. However, the processes related to impulse current arcs in spark gaps are not well understood so far. Limited knowledge exists regarding hydrodynamic effects, plasma states, and radiation properties. This work studies an impulse current 8/20 µs with an amplitude of about 5 kA in experiment and simulation.
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Hou, Guangfeng, Vianessa Ng, Yi Song, Lu Zhang, Chenhao Xu, Vesselin Shanov, David Mast, Mark Schulz, and Yijun Liu. "Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Carbon Nanotube Sock Formation." MRS Advances 2, no. 1 (December 20, 2016): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.632.
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ABSTRACTFormation of the carbon nanotube (CNT) sock, which is an assemblage of nanotubes in a thin cylindrical shape, is a prerequisite for continuous production of thread and sheet using the floating catalyst growth method. Although several studies have considered sock formation mechanisms, the dynamics of the sock behavior during the synthesis process are not well understood. In this work, a computational technique is utilized to explore the multiphysics environment within the nanotube reactor affecting the sock formation and structure. Specifically the flow field, temperature profile, catalyst nucleation, and residence time are investigated and their influence on the sock formation and properties are studied. We demonstrate that it is critical to control the multiphysics synthesis environment in order to form a stable sock. Sock production rate was studied experimentally and found to be linearly dependent on the amount of effective catalyst (iron in the sock) inside the reactor. To achieve a high sock production rate, the proportion of effective iron has to be high when increasing the total amount of catalyst in the reactor. Based on the analysis, we suggest that using small size catalyst and growing longer CNTs by increasing temperature, increasing residence times etc. will increase the CNT production rate and improve the properties of CNT thread/sheet produced from the sock.
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Ech-Cheikh, Fouad, Abdelghani Matine, and Monssef Drissi-Habti. "Preliminary Multiphysics Modeling of Electric High-Voltage Cable of Offshore Wind-Farms." Energies 16, no. 17 (August 29, 2023): 6286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16176286.
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During manufacture, handling, transportation, installation and operation, mechanical overstress can affect the electrical and thermal properties of the conductor. As the wires in general are made of copper, which is a very plastically deforming material, these stresses will gradually generate plastic deformations of the copper until the wires start to fail. The objective of this article is to study, by numerical modeling (using Comsol and Abaqus), the impact of damage mechanisms on the electrical and thermal properties of a submarine cable phase. The influence of plasticity and gradual copper wire failure on the physical behavior (electric and thermal) of the phase was assessed. The heat differences between a healthy conductor vs. a damaged one (either deformed plastically and/or with failed wires) derived from the numerical model may be an accurate indicator of the level of damage of wires, thus furthering advanced warning before being obliged to stop the exploitation because a mandatory heavy maintenance of the cables must be scheduled. Note that this can also be achieved by using an optical fiber as a sensor for structural health monitoring. This study will then make it possible to evaluate the impact of the modification of the resistance on the thermal behavior of the cable. All of these simulations will be carried out on one phase of a 36 kV 120 mm² copper submarine cable. Colloquially these are called “copper cables”, meaning cables with Cu conductors (120 mm2 is the smallest conductor cross-section for array cables, which are usually 3-phase cables).
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Alazzam, Malik Bader, Fahima Hajjej, Ahmed S. AlGhamdi, Sarra Ayouni, and Md Adnan Rahman. "Mechanics of Materials Natural Fibers Technology on Thermal Properties of Polymer." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (January 7, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7774180.
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The thermal characteristics of polymathic methacrylate combined with unsaturated polyester were determined by numerical and experimental research. Models for numerically investigating the parameters of thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and thermal diffusivity were developed using COMSOL Multiphysics. The numerical data were then compared to experimental results for the same material using the same measurements to ensure that they were correct. By comparing the thermal conductivity data to two sets of theoretical data, the results were confirmed. The COMSOL models were quite close to the experimental data, with just minor differences between the three models. One set of theoretical data coincided with the mean of the other data, while the second set revealed a significant departure below the other data.
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Huang, Xue Yun, Ting Ting Zhang, and Xi Zhang. "Modeling of Direct Current Atmospheric Pressure Argon Discharge in Two-Dimensional." Advanced Materials Research 852 (January 2014): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.852.597.
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The finite element computational package COMSOL multiphysics were used to simulate a bar plate dc discharge in argon at atmospheric pressure. The basic plasma properties such as electron density, ion density, metastable atom density, electron temperature, electric voltage and electric field were studied. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of numerical model is in good agreement well with experimental data. This model is simple and insightful as a theoretical tool for argon atmospheric pressure discharges.
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Bouherine, Keltoum, and Olivier Leroy. "Numerical investigation of characteristics and excitation effects on discharge properties in an inductively coupled plasma torch." AIP Advances 13, no. 4 (April 1, 2023): 045015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0139959.
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This paper focuses on an atmospheric-pressure inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch sustained by an argon discharge. A two-dimensional axisymmetric model is developed for the numerical simulation of the device. Maxwell equations and fluid equations were solved as the governing equations using the COMSOL Multiphysics software. The result presents the electromagnetic fields generated by the ICP, plasma parameters (electron density and temperature), and gas characteristics (gas flow and gas temperature). The study of the effects of excitation parameters (coil current, coil geometry, and coil turns) on plasma characteristics is analyzed.
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Ulkir, Osman, Ishak Ertugrul, Oguz Girit, and Sezgin Ersoy. "Modeling and thermal analysis of micro beam using COMSOL multiphysics." Thermal Science 25, Spec. issue 1 (2021): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci200529005u.
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In this study, the design and analysis of the micro beam is carried out using COMSOL multiphysics. The current passing through the beam distributes the heat energy due to its resistance that pushes the entire micro beam to the desired distance through thermal expansion. This expansion varies depending on the amount of current passing through the beam and the emitted temperature. The purpose of the model created is to estimate the amount of current and temperature increase required to cause displacement in the proposed micro beam using analysis software. In addition, displacements and temperature data produced in micro beams for different metallic materials (Al, Cu, Ni, and Pt) and different input potentials (0.3 V, 0.6 V, and 0.9 V) are reported. These materials are used as functional materials in the field of micro-electro-mechanical-system because of their important physical and electrical properties. As a result of the simulation studies, increasing the voltage increased the displacement in the materials and the resulting temperature. While there is a serious difference between the displacement data of the materials, the temperatures are close to each other. When 0.9 V voltage is applied, the highest displacement values for Al, Cu, Ni, and Pt are; 7.88 ?m, 5.36 ?m, 3.62 ?m, and 2.72 ?m, respectively. As a result, it has been observed that aluminum used in micro beam design gives a significant amount of dis?placement for the proposed geometry when compared to other metallic beams.
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Zhang, Wenqian, Xupeng Chen, Chongwen Yang, Xuelin Wang, Yansong Zhang, Yongchun Li, Huan Xue, and Zhong Zheng. "A Multiphysics Model for Predicting Microstructure Changes and Microhardness of Machined AerMet100 Steel." Materials 15, no. 13 (June 21, 2022): 4395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15134395.
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The machined-surface integrity plays a critical role in corrosion resistance and fatigue properties of ultra-high-strength steels. This work develops a multiphysics model for predicting the microstructure changes and microhardness of machined AerMet100 steel. The variations of stress, strain and temperature of the machined workpiece are evaluated by constructing a finite-element model of the orthogonal cutting process. Based on the multiphysics fields, the analytical models of phase transformation and dislocation density evolution are built up. The white layer is modeled according to the phase-transformation mechanism and the effects of stress and plastic strain on real phase-transformation temperature are taken into consideration. The microhardness changes are predicted by a model that accounts for both dislocation density and phase-transformation evolution processes. Experimental tests are carried out for model validation. The predicted results of cutting force, white-layer thickness and microhardness are in good agreement with the measured data. Additionally, from the proposed model, the correlation between the machined-surface characteristics and processing parameters is established.
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Lanin, V. L., V. T. Pham, and A. I. Lappo. "Through-silicon-via formation of 3D electronic modules by laser radiation." Doklady BGUIR 19, no. 3 (June 2, 2021): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2021-19-3-58-65.
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Laser heating is a promising method for through-silicon-via (TSV) formation in assembling highdensity 3D electronic modules due to its high specific energy and local heating ability. Using laser radiation for the formation of TSV makes it possible to reduce its diameter, indirectly increases the density of elements in 3D electrical modules. Laser system selection depends on the physical and mechanical properties of the processed materials and on the technical requirements for laserprocessing. The reflectivity of most materials increases with the laser wavelength. It was found that with an increase in the initial temperature of the substrate, the TSV taper becomes larger. Simulation was performed in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 to conduct thermal distribution during TSV laser formation. By modeling thermal fields in the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 software for laser processing of silicon substrates and experimental studies, the parameters of laser radiation have been optimized to obtain a minimum hole taper coefficient in the substrates of 3D electronic modules. The optimal duration of exposure to laser radiation with a wavelength of 10.64 microns is less than 2 s with holes taper 0.1–0.2.