Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Multimodalité dans les interactions'
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Pietrzak, Thomas. "Contributions à la dissémination d'informations haptiques dans un environnement multimodal." Phd thesis, Université de Metz, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00390057.
Full textGonseth, Chloe. "Multimodalité de la communication langagière humaine : interaction geste/parole et encodage de distance dans le pointage." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENS011/document.
Full textDesignating an object for the benefit of another person is one of the most basic processes inlinguistic communication. It is most of the time performed through the combined use of vocaland manual productions. The goal of this work is to understand and characterize the interactionsbetween speech and manual gesture during pointing tasks, in order to determine howmuch linguistic information is carried by each of these two systems, and eventually to test themain models of speech and gesture production.The first part of the study is about the production of vocal and manual pointing. The originalaspect of this work is to look for distance encoding parameters in the lexical, acoustic,articulatory and kinematic properties of multimodal pointing, and to show that these differentcharacteristics can be related with each other, and underlain by a similar basic motor behaviour: designating a distant object induces larger gestures, be they vocal or manual. This motorpattern can be related with the phonological pattern that is used for distance encoding in theworld’s languages. The experimental design that is used in this study contrasts bimodal vs. vocalmonomodal vs. monomodal manual pointings, and a comparison between these conditionsreveals that the vocal and manual modalities act in bidirectional cooperation for deixis, sharingthe informational load when used together.The second part of the study explores the development of multimodal pointing. The propertiesof multimodal pointing are assessed in 6-12 year-old children, in an experimental task similarto that of the adults. This second experiment attests a progressive evolution of speech/gestureinteractions in the development of spatial deixis. It reveals that distance is preferentially encodedin manual gestures in children, rather than in vocal gestures (and especially so in youngerchildren). It also shows that the cooperative use of speech and manual gesture in deixis is alreadyat play in children, though with more influence of gesture on speech than the reversedpattern.The third part of the study looks at sensorimotor interactions in the perception of spatial deixis.This experimental study, based on an intermodal priming paradigm, reveals that manual gestureplays a role in the production/perception mechanism associated with the semantic processingof language. These results can be related with those of studies on the sensorimotor nature ofrepresentations in the processing of linguistic sound units.Altogether, these studies provide strong evidence for an integrated representation of speech andmanual gestures in the human linguistic brain, even at a relatively early age in its development.They also show that distance encoding is a robust feature, which is also present in all aspectsof multimodal pointing
Martin, Laurence. "S'entraîner à expliquer une procédure instrumentale : ethnographie multisituée d'un projet filmique mené avec des aides à domicile engagées dans une formation en français langue étrangère." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MON30023.
Full textThis research examines highly multimodal activities constituting a video project conducted in collaboration with home helpers, in the context of adult language training. The activities under study focus on explaining procedures carried out in various situations, weakly or heavily instrumented (spontaneous group oral, simulation, camera-facing shooting) and participate in the process of appropriation of the foreign language by placing the learner in an expert role. Participant observations in an ethnographic approach, supported by audiovisual recordings of these activities, brought together a corpus that we organized into two main collections. They are based primarily on these data. They deal with the dynamics of multi-sensory, situated actions and interactions (verbal actions, gestures, object manipulations, body placements, movements), as they were developed by the participants. They also discuss the Goffmanian notions of framework, position, commitment and reiteration. This ecological approach to human activity, relatively recent in language science, highlights the multimodality of the resources deployed in those educational situations, and shows their connection with the environment in its social and material dimensions
De, Koning Marieke. "La multimodalité comme ressource en interprétation de dialogue : une étude de simulations d'interactions médiées par interprète en (cours de) formation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALH015.
Full textThis PhD research focuses on multimodal interactional competences in interpreters’ education. Previous research has shown that non-verbal semiotic resources like gaze, gesture, and body positioning play an important role in communication outcome during interpreter-mediated interactions (Wadensjö 1998, 2001). The co-construction of coordinating actions (Baraldi & Gavioli, 2012) and the central position of the interpreter in these plurilingual triadic encounters require, in addition to translation skills, specific interactional skills which include the use of multimodality as a resource. However, this resource is rarely taken into account in interpreter training and education (Krystallidou, 2014). Consequently, we may question if and how interpreter students acquire these skills. To this end, a qualitative study was carried out with a group of 10 interpreter students at the University of Bologna. Their performances during the role play sessions in a learning context were filmed and analysed in order to answer the following research questions: what nonverbal semiotic resources are found in dialogue interpreting students when simulating interpreter-mediated interactions in a learning context? What purpose do they serve? How do they vary? After transcription and annotation with ELAN2 software, a descriptive analysis was carried out on students’ use of multimodal resources during role plays. This allowed a selection of excerpts to be analysed following a Multimodal Conversation Analysis Method (Mondada, 2018, 2019). This fine-grained analysis shed light on a series of salient situations and the different ways in which the embodied and situated actions impact their outcome. In addition, the students took part in semi-directed self-reflection interviews which were also recorded. These were designed to give us access to the students’ criteria and level of multimodal interactional awareness. The overall results show relatively little usage of multimodality as a resource. However, the analysis highlights numerous individual differences and allows identification of issues that should be considered in order to optimise role play activities in dialogue interpreter training with the inclusion of multimodality as a resource
Jacquet, Christophe. "Présentation opportuniste et multimodale d'informations dans le cadre de l'intelligence ambiante." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112267.
Full textThis research work takes place in the domain of human-computer interaction, and particularly multimodal interaction and ambient intelligence. It aims at specifying a theoretical model and a platform for the design and implementation of mobile users assistance systems. We introduce the KUP model, in which the system's functional core, the users and the presentation devices (screens, loudspeakers, etc. ) are represented by logical entities. This model is original because it imposes no spatial nor temporal coupling between information providing by the functional core to the user entity on the one hand, and information presentation by a suitable device on the other hand. Both phases are opportunistic: they happen fortuitously, as (physical) users move around. When a user is located at proximity of a number of presentation devices, the system must determine which device and which modality shall be used to convey information. First, an incremental algorithm is responsible for choosing a device while abiding by three ergonomic constraints: completeness, stability and display space optimization. Second, a tree-based algorithm selects and instantiates a modality while satisfying users' preferences. The KUP model and the algorithms have been implemented in the PRIAM platform (PResentation of Information in AMbient Intelligence), which has enabled us to carry out evaluations in mock-up environments. The evaluations have shown that dynamic display systems enable users to look up their information far more quickly than static displays
Pietrzak, Thomas. "Contributions à la dissémination d'informations haptiques dans un environnement multimodal." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ017S.
Full textMost of cumputer interfaces mostly rely on vision to transmit information to users. However some situations require interaction techniques allowing to display information in a non visual manner. We studied solutions using the sense of touch. After an overview of the interface design domain, in particular the notion of multimodality, we focussed on a particular modality: haptics, that uses the sense of touch. Our contribution to this domain begins with the design and the evaluation of tactile icons that allows to encode information with pin matrices. They have been used in a guidance system to help users to explore geometric shapes thanks to the sense of touch. We also designed and evaluated force feedback icons that use a robot arm. These two icon systems have been used in an electric circuits exploration application. This application allows visually impaired users and sighted users to explore electric schematics together in collaboration. They are provided visual and haptic information to understand circuits' shapes and components. This application uses a software architecture we design and detailed. This architecture provides building blocks to ease the design and development of multimodal applications, and especially applications using haptic feedback
Gonseth, Chloé. "Multimodalité de la communication langagière humaine : interaction geste/parole et encodage de distance dans le pointage." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00949090.
Full textFuchs, Yann. "Les quotatifs en interaction. Approche synchronique d'un paradigme en mouvement, dans un corpus d'anglais oral britannique et irlandais." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030139.
Full textThis thesis gives a synchronic account of the quotative paradigm in oral English, subsequently to the recent arrival of the new introducers GO and BE LIKE less than five decades ago. It stands in the wake of earlier studies that have aimed at analysing the quotative system of English since the earliest phases of this recently attested change in progress. The study was carried out on a corpus of original data, the Cambridge Student Corpus, which contains semi-guided dyadic conversations between British and Irish native speakers. This thesis examines, from an empirical point of view, the various pragmatic, interactional and discourse functions of quotatives in order to shed light on their complementary distribution in oral interaction. The chosen approach is polysystemic, multi-theoretic and multimodal. Language is a complex system, within which several sub-systems interact to participate in building spoken interaction. In order to account for this complexity, it is necessary to apply several methods of analysis and various linguistic theories simultaneously. This thesis also takes into account the multimodal aspects of oral interaction. It gives a qualitative and quantitative account of quotatives with respect to their functions of representation, reiteration of prior events and multimodal performance. It also examines various narrative strategies that these markers may implement as they participate together in the elaboration of sequences of dialogue. This work illustrates the notion that only through a combination of different methods can the analyst reduce the number of unexplained events that occur in oral interaction
Pelurson, Sébastien. "Navigation multimodale dans une vue bifocale sur dispositifs mobiles." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAM035/document.
Full textMobile devices are now ubiquitous in everyday computing. Technological advances and increasing mobile network performance allow users to manipulate more and more information on their mobile devices, changing the use they make of these types of devices, which are gradually replacing desktop computers. However mobile devices are not used in the same way as desktops and face specific constraints. In particular, smaller screens fail to display as much information as a computer screen. In addition, these screens, mostly tactile, are used as both input and output devices, leading to occlusion of a portion of the screen during touch interaction. These findings and limitations give rise to the problem of interactive visualization of large amounts of information on mobile devices.We addressed this problem by considering two related research axes: on the one hand information visualization and on the other hand interaction on mobile devices.For the first axis, we focused on visualization techniques that provide an overview of the information space and a detailed subset of it. Indeed, only one view of a subset of the information space makes it difficult to understand it because of the lack of context. Conversely, visualizing the complete information space on the screen of a mobile device makes it unreadable.For the second axis, we studied interaction techniques for navigating an information space. Facing the variety of sensors available in todays mobile devices, there is a vast set of possibilities in terms of interaction modalities.We provide two types of contribution: conceptual and practical.First we present a design space of navigation techniques on mobile devices: this design space enables us to describe, compare and design interaction modalities for the task of navigation in an information space. Second we propose a conceptual model of multimodal navigation for navigating a multiscale information space.Based on a state of the art of visualization techniques on mobile devices, we designed, developed and experimentally tested a bifocal view on a mobile device. By relying on our design space and by operationalizing our conceptual model of navigation, we designed developed and experimentally compared several multimodal interaction techniques for navigating a multiscale information space
Touileb, Djaid Nadia. "Contribution à la mise en œuvre d’une architecture ambiante d’interaction homme-robot-environnement. Dans le cadre de la robotique d’aide à la personne dépendante." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV037/document.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is to provide an ambient architecture for the human-robotenvironment interaction, as part of thedependent person robotics help. This architecture will enable the robot to take into account the changing context and continually provide a service to the user. The architecture uses the concept of ontology for the descriptionof the environment. We have chosen to use the open source PROTEGE because it allows the definition of the ontology and the fusion and fission engines. Indeed, multimodal inputs will be merged and subdivided into elementary tasks and sent tocontrol the wheelchair with the manipulated arm. This architecture will be validated by specifications and simulations via temporal and stochastic Petri nets
Nicolaev, Viorica. "L'apprentissage du FLE dans un dispositif vidéographique synchrone : étude des séquences métalinguistiques." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00793185.
Full textVidal, Julie. "Etude des séquences de rétroaction corrective dans un dispositif en ligne d'enseignement/apprentissage du français langue étrangère : une approche multimodale de l'oral." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2125.
Full textThis work aims to analyze six weeks of videoconferenced pedagogical interaction between trainee teachers enrolled in a master's degree in teaching French as a foreign language (FLE) at a French university (Lyon 2) and learners of French at a foreign university (Dublin City University). Corrective feedback is an important issue in foreign language pedagogy, renewed by the use of technologies. However, there has been little research on how teachers provide corrective feedback on learners' oral production in online interactions. Our qualitative study is based on the analysis of ecological data, organized into a complex corpus of video interactions transcribed and annotated using the ELAN software. We observed multimodal assessments made by the teachers, as well as participants' commentary containing their perception of the corrective feedback. We analyzed these data from a multimodal perspective according to which all the semiotic resources contribute to make meaning without automatically prioritizing one mode over another. In sum, this work aims to understand how teachers and learners co-construct corrective feedback sequences. We also want to update the effects of multimodality on the interactions in order to make pedagogical proposals for the training of future teachers of French as a foreign language
Touileb, Djaid Nadia. "Contribution à la mise en œuvre d’une architecture ambiante d’interaction homme-robot-environnement. Dans le cadre de la robotique d’aide à la personne dépendante." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV037.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is to provide an ambient architecture for the human-robotenvironment interaction, as part of thedependent person robotics help. This architecture will enable the robot to take into account the changing context and continually provide a service to the user. The architecture uses the concept of ontology for the descriptionof the environment. We have chosen to use the open source PROTEGE because it allows the definition of the ontology and the fusion and fission engines. Indeed, multimodal inputs will be merged and subdivided into elementary tasks and sent tocontrol the wheelchair with the manipulated arm. This architecture will be validated by specifications and simulations via temporal and stochastic Petri nets
Clay, Alexis. "La branche émotion, un modèle conceptuel pour l’intégration de la reconnaissance multimodale d’émotions dans des applications interactives : application au mouvement et `a la danse augmentée." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13935/document.
Full textComputer-based emotion recognition is a growing field which develops new needs in terms of software modeling and integration of existing models. This thesis describes a conceptual framework for designing emotionally-aware interactive software. Our approach is based upon conceptual results from the field of multimodal interaction: we redefine the concepts of modality and multimodality within the frame of passive emotion recognition. We then describe a component-based conceptual model relying on this redefinition. The emotion branch facilitates the design, development and maintenance of emotionally-aware systems. A multimodal, interactive, gesture-based emotion recognition software based on the emotion branch was developed. This system was integrated within an augmented reality system to augment a ballet dance show according to the dancer's expressed emotions
Rollet, Nicolas. "Analyse conversationnelle des pratiques dans les appels au Samu-Centre 15 : Vers une approche praxéologique d’une forme située « d’accord »." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030097/document.
Full textIn the context of a Conversational Analysis approach ethnographically oriented, my work deals withcoordination in the telephonic interaction of calls made to the French medical emergency call («15»). Two aspects of this coordination are explored : (1) organization of the questioning in the following ternary sequential format « Question-Answer-Acknowledgement » ; (2) coordination between the production of these ternary sequential formats and their interaction with the computerized system.This research is based on audio-visual data gathered at the Center of Reception and Regulation of Calls (in French : CRRA) of the SAMU of Versailles (France).The first aspect of the coordination (1) proposes an analysis of the various actions accomplished through an « OK » ( « d’accord », or its equivalent) which is itself the result of a question put to a caller (fireman, ambulance staff or a private individual) by the CRRA call takers ( »permanencière » in French). This response after an answer presents a wealth of prospective and retrospective features, in terms of the work performed by the participants to obtain and gather informations about a medical problem, to ensure coordination in order to advance step-by-step, to investigate further, to infer, and to establish transitions in the interaction.The second aspect of the coordination (2) illustrates the complexity of the activities of the CCRA staff who must, in a synchronized manner, be engaged in an exchange of a conversational nature, and at the same time organize the gathering of information on the medical problem, while using objects such as a computer mouse, a keyboard, notebooks
Avouac, Pierre-Alain. "Plateforme autonomique dirigée par les modèles pour la construction d'interfaces multimodales dans les environnements pervasifs." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENM084/document.
Full textN pervasive environments, with the proliferation of communicating devices in the environments (e.g., remoter controller, gamepad, mobile phone, augmented object), the users will express their needs or desires to an enormous variety of services with a multitude of available interaction modalities, expecting concurrently the environment and its equipment to react accordingly. Addressing the challenge of dynamic management at runtime of multimodal interaction in pervasive environments, our contribution is dedicated to software engineering of dynamic multimodal interfaces by providing: a specification language for multimodal interaction, an autonomic manager and an integration platform. The autonomic manager uses models to generate and maintain a multimodal interaction adapted to the current conditions of the environment. The multimodal interaction data-flow from input devices to a service is then effectively realized by the integration platform. Our conceptual solution is implemented by our DynaMo platform that is fully operational and stable. DynaMo is based on iPOJO, a dynamic service-oriented component framework built on top of OSGi and on Cilia, a component-based mediation framework
Colón, De Carvajal Isabel. "La mobilisation des artefacts technologiques dans l'interaction : Analyse linguistique et multimodale des pratiques professionnelles en centre d'appels." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00632408.
Full textStrub, Florian. "Développement de modèles multimodaux interactifs pour l'apprentissage du langage dans des environnements visuels." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I030.
Full textWhile our representation of the world is shaped by our perceptions, our languages, and our interactions, they have traditionally been distinct fields of study in machine learning. Fortunately, this partitioning started opening up with the recent advents of deep learning methods, which standardized raw feature extraction across communities. However, multimodal neural architectures are still at their beginning, and deep reinforcement learning is often limited to constrained environments. Yet, we ideally aim to develop large-scale multimodal and interactive models towards correctly apprehending the complexity of the world. As a first milestone, this thesis focuses on visually grounded language learning for three reasons (i) they are both well-studied modalities across different scientific fields (ii) it builds upon deep learning breakthroughs in natural language processing and computer vision (ii) the interplay between language and vision has been acknowledged in cognitive science. More precisely, we first designed the GuessWhat?! game for assessing visually grounded language understanding of the models: two players collaborate to locate a hidden object in an image by asking a sequence of questions. We then introduce modulation as a novel deep multimodal mechanism, and we show that it successfully fuses visual and linguistic representations by taking advantage of the hierarchical structure of neural networks. Finally, we investigate how reinforcement learning can support visually grounded language learning and cement the underlying multimodal representation. We show that such interactive learning leads to consistent language strategies but gives raise to new research issues
Rollet, Nicolas. "Analyse conversationnelle des pratiques dans les appels au Samu-Centre 15 : Vers une approche praxéologique d'une forme située " d'accord "." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00936177.
Full textColón, de Carvajal Isabelle. "La mobilisation des artefacts technologiques dans l’interaction : analyse linguistique et multimodale des pratiques professionnelles en centres d’appels." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20084/document.
Full textOur research focuses on the use of technology in interactions at work, particularly in the context of call centres. Our analyses draw on three theoretical domains: Ethnomethodology, Conversation Analysis and Workplace Studies. Our research seeks to contribute to current investigations on interactions mediated by technology in the workplace to reflect emerging practices of participants and to understand the complex sequential organization of interactions between councillor/operator and patient/user, based on the use of technological resources.The thesis comprises an introduction part and three analytical parts. The first part examines changes in participation framework taking into account the technological device as an anchor for the participant’s activity. For this, we distinguished two different configurations: i) the device is adjusted by the operator, or ii) the operator adjusts the device. The adjustment of the participation framework may be initiated through verbal or multimodal way, or by one or the other participant.In the second part, we analyze the integration of the screen as an interactional artefact in the participant’s activity. We noticed that they report oral information’s displayed on a screen, using introductory verbs such as "he said", which we found in the studies on reported speech in spoken interactions. We wanted to show the link between the course of action in which participants are engaged and the emergence of reported speech when referring to written messages that can transform the screens and the computer systems in “interactional agents”.The third part focuses on one type of call where a user call the service to solve a problem, and after verification by the operator, she notifies a status of his account. We noticed that the diagnosis activity reported by the operator is closely related to the user’s account information shown on the screen. These are data that allow the operator to diagnose and report the non-problematic status of the account
Alcade, Céline. ""Le solfège du service" : transmission-appropriation des compétences interactionnelles dans la formation aux métiers de service en restauration gastronomique." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2008.
Full textSince the pioneering involvement of the multidisciplinary network Langage et Travail [Language and Work] in the early 1980s, researchersin the fields of linguistics and occupational science have highlighted the growing importance of the language element and more broadly theinteractional element of work, especially with the increased importance of service activities.Our research is in the field of language studies involved in the area of vocational training, which has been developed over the last few yearsin the French-speaking sector. The first research work conducted in this field made it possible to better define the importance of language andinteractions in the training curriculum, both as vectors for the transmission of vocational practice and knowledge and as subjects to be taught.From a perspective inspired by the linguistic socialization paradigm, this work is based on a collaborative ethnography conducted over two yearswithin a vocational degree course (Bachelors) in Catering and Hotel Management at the Institut Paul Bocuse (Ecully, France). The aim was toanalyze, then improve the process of the transmission-acquisition of interactional skills in catering and restaurant service.In Part One we begin by analyzing, with a fairly broad focus, the place of interactional skills in the picture emerging from discussions aboutservice roles in restaurant catering, as well as that in the advice relating to different educational and professional sources and some types oftraining. Then in Part Two we studied, with a more specific focus, the way in which their transmission is handled in different training contexts(classes) of the above-mentioned course at the Institut Paul Bocuse. We focus even more closely in order to concentrate on training in the trainingrestaurants of the establishment studied, at the very specific level of the interactions between the students and others involved in the activity (headwaiter-instructors, chefs and customers). The results reveal a low level of responsibility for the transmission of these skills in the training practicescurrent in these restaurants used to emphasize the procedures and actions of service. In this respect, they bring to light in the service practicesshown in these dining rooms, a collective and shared dynamic that helps beginners to cooperate in the professional conduct of the activity andunderstand the different issues it covers for those involved. In the third part of the thesis, we present the approach to training engineeringconducted in close collaboration with the service staff instructors responsible for professional practice in the institution’s training restaurants. Theaim of this engineering approach is to fill in the “gaps in what is said” in training, and to implement exercises in the targeted skills, postulated asan intangible added value brought to the physical service of a meal, in the form of information, advice and more generally support for thecustomer’s culinary experience. To conclude this final part, we report on the effects observed in students’ service performance following theincorporation of the changes made to the training course.Located in the area where the educational sciences and language sciences intersect, ultimately this research is intended to make acontribution to the field of study, still little investigated, of the interactional element in vocational training
Anxionnat, René. "Méthodes et outils pour le détourage des malformations artério-veineuses cérébrales dans un contexte multimodalité." Nancy 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN10154.
Full textRadiosurgery of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM) requires a precise localization of the volume of the AVM. This volume is at present reconstructed by cone intersection from the manual delineations performed by a medical expert in 2D digital subtracted angiographic (2DSA) views. Regarding the often complex shape of the AVM and the few number of views the resulting volume is far from the actual shape. Moreover the difficulties in the delineation led to an important inter and intra-observer variability. The aim of this study was to develop a new method using 3D imaging and improving the accuracy of this volume determination. We first focused on the validation of 3D X-ray angiography (3DXA) as a 3D imaging modality for delineation of the AVM. This validation presented with difficult problems of methodology. We compared the delineations performed in 3DXA with those performed in 2DSA taken as the reference. In practice we constructed statistical models derived from a set of 3 experts delineations on 2DSA in a clinical database of AVMs treated by radiosurgery. Then, using this shape database as a reference, we evaluate 3DXA delineations performed by the same experts. For that purpose we designed a statistical test for acceptation/rejection of these 3DXA delinations. The results proved that 3DXA could be used for AVMs delineation. We then developed a new method using deformable surfaces applied to 3DXA volume in order to refine the initial estimate of the volume provided by the delineations in 2DSA views. The resulting volumes well matched the reference shape database and demonstrated an important reduction of the inter-observer variability. We now plan to test this method on a large range of MAVs. Moreover we have to keep on the beginning works on the use of 3D MRI
Rodriguez, Bertha Helena. "Modèle SOA sémantique pour la multimodalité et son support pour la découverte et l'enregistrement de services d'assistance." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0006/document.
Full textUnimodal inputs and outputs in current systems have become very mature with touch applications or distributed services for geo-localization or speech, audio and image recognition. However, the integration and instantiation of all these modalities, lack of an intelligent management of the acquisition and restitution context, based on highly formalized notions reflecting common sense. This requires a more dynamic behavior of the system with a more appropriate approach to manage the user environment.However, the technology required to achieve such a goal is not yet available in a standardized manner, both in terms of the functional description of unimodal services and in terms of their semantic description. This is also the case for multimodal architectures, where the semantic management is produced by each project without a common agreement in the field to ensure inter-operability, and it is often limited to the processing of inputs and outputs or fusion / fission mechanisms. To fill this gap, we propose a semantic service-oriented generic architecture for multimodal systems. This proposal aims to improve the description and the discovery of modality components for assistance services: this is the architecture SOA2m. This architecture is fully focused on multimodality and it is enriched with semantic technologies because we believe that this approach will enhance the autonomous behavior of multimodal applications, provide a robust perception of the user-system exchanges, and help in the control of the semantic integration of the human-computer interaction.As a result, the challenge of discovery is addressed using the tools provided by the field of the semantic web services
Sassi, Hajer. "Assistance et conseil aux utilisateurs dans le cadre d'une intelligence ambiante : une étude des usages en contexte : X-CAMPUS." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10183/document.
Full textThis thesis is part of a multidisciplinary context on the border between the domains of the ambient intelligence, the human-machine interaction and the conversational agents. We study the problem of contextual proactive assistance in the course of the ambient computing. In this regard, our challenge is to provide to the user who wish have a virtual assistant, a proactive services which can communicate according to the user’s context. However proactive ambient intelligence, or contextual proactive assistance, did not follow an important development as reactive ambient intelligence where the user must explicitly express their needs. This is why the objective of this CIFRE thesis is to study and evaluate the concept of contextual proactive assistance through the implementation of an online conversational agent named X-CAMPUS. This acronym stands for eXtensible Proactive Multichannel Conversational Agent for Ubiquitous Services. This system aims to assist the user in their daily tasks thanks to its ability to perceive the state of the environment and interact effectively according to user’s needs (weather, TV programs, etc.). We conducted an experimental study to investigate the interest of X-CAMPUS and evaluate the satisfaction that it provides to users. We describe quantitative and qualitative results of this study obtained through a set of scenarios using different parameters of interaction (multimodal, multi-channels, behavior reactive/proactive agent, type of sensors, context mono/multi-user…)
Collignon, Nathalie. "L'humour dans les interactions langagières." Nancy 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN21025.
Full textHamon, Laurence. "L'aide à la compréhension dans les environnements multimédias d'apprentissage du français langue étrangère : le rôle de la multimodalité." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00479670.
Full textHamon, Laurence. "L'aide à la compréhension dans les environnements multimédias d'apprentissage du Français Langue Etrangère : le rôle de la multimodalité." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20026.
Full textRodriguez, Bertha Helena. "Modèle SOA sémantique pour la multimodalité et son support pour la découverte et l'enregistrement de services d'assistance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0006.
Full textUnimodal inputs and outputs in current systems have become very mature with touch applications or distributed services for geo-localization or speech, audio and image recognition. However, the integration and instantiation of all these modalities, lack of an intelligent management of the acquisition and restitution context, based on highly formalized notions reflecting common sense. This requires a more dynamic behavior of the system with a more appropriate approach to manage the user environment.However, the technology required to achieve such a goal is not yet available in a standardized manner, both in terms of the functional description of unimodal services and in terms of their semantic description. This is also the case for multimodal architectures, where the semantic management is produced by each project without a common agreement in the field to ensure inter-operability, and it is often limited to the processing of inputs and outputs or fusion / fission mechanisms. To fill this gap, we propose a semantic service-oriented generic architecture for multimodal systems. This proposal aims to improve the description and the discovery of modality components for assistance services: this is the architecture SOA2m. This architecture is fully focused on multimodality and it is enriched with semantic technologies because we believe that this approach will enhance the autonomous behavior of multimodal applications, provide a robust perception of the user-system exchanges, and help in the control of the semantic integration of the human-computer interaction.As a result, the challenge of discovery is addressed using the tools provided by the field of the semantic web services
Wikström, Petra. "INTERNET - une ressource dans l'enseignement du français? : Une étude sur les pensées des élèves au lycée concernant l’utilisation des TICE." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för moderna språk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67947.
Full textAngélique, Deboeuf. "Interactions hydrodynamiques dans les suspensions macroscopiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00423044.
Full textLa première, de nature rhéologique, vise à caractériser les contraintes de la phase particulaire dans une suspension isodense cisaillée. Elle met en évidence une pression des particules, proportionnelle au cisaillement imposé, analogue à la pression osmotique, proportionnelle à la température dans les systèmes Browniens. Les résultats obtenus pour des concentrations en particules allant de 0.30 à 0.50, indiquent que les contraintes normales induites dépendent fortement de la concentration.
La seconde expérience concerne des suspensions bidisperses fluidisées de particules plus denses que le fluide. L'efficacité de la fluidisation à ségréger ou à mélanger les particules de tailles différentes est testée pour différents débits imposés. Pour des rapports de tailles assez grands et quelle que soit la concentration, il existe un état ségrégé stationnaire (grosses billes seules surmontées de petites seules). Les vitesses de fronts de ségrégation permettent de discriminer les modèles empiriques proposés dans la littérature : le modèle de Funamizu & Takakuwa rend compte des mesures, avec un seul paramètre ajustable. En revanche, lorsque le rapport de tailles est inférieur à 4/3, et pour une certaine gamme de concentration, aucun état stationnaire n'est observé. Les suspensions oscillent entre états mélangés et états partiellement ségrégés avec une période variant avec la composition et la concentration : le processus de ségrégation est interrompu par un phénomène de mélange encore inexpliqué.
Debœuf, Angélique. "Interactions hydrodynamiques dans les suspensions macroscopiques." Paris 6, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00423044.
Full textYaya, Abu. "Interactions faibles dans les nanosystèmes carbones." Nantes, 2011. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=f1e38479-78b7-4d42-9bed-71420c161382.
Full textThis thesis uses the ab initio density functional modeling programme AIMPRO to study several important examples of weak intermolecular interactions in carbon nanomaterials. At the quantum mechanical level, our calculations give a reliable and improved understanding of the role and feature of weak intermolecular interactions, which cannot be accurately predicted by conventional methods such as classical interatomic potentials. First, the geometry and binding of bromine physisorbed on carbon nanomaterials (graphene, graphite and single walled nanotubes) is studied. In graphene, we find a new Br2 form which is reported for the first time in this thesis, where the molecule sits perpendicular to the graphene sheet with an extremely strong molecular dipole. Bromination opens a small (86- meV) band gap and strongly dopes the graphene. In graphite Br2 is stable parallel to the carbon layers with less charge transfer and no molecular dipole. At higher Br2 concentrations polybromide chain structures are thermodynamically favoured, but will not occur spontaneously due to an appreciable formation barrier (27. 01 kJ/mol). For single walled nanotubes Br2 lies perpendicular to the tube surface similar to graphene, while in bundles Br2 intercalates similar to graphite. Experimental Raman spectra are recorded to verify this result. We next study π-π stacking interactions between benzene and PPV oligomer chains with various carbon nanomaterials. For the benzene dimer we successfully reproduce high level theory stable structures, and for benzene on graphene and SWCNTs, the stacking arrangement matches AB- stacking in graphite. The orientation of the interaction between PPV/PPV is different from PPV/nanotube or PPV/graphene. In the former the molecular planes are orthogonal, similar to the crystal packing in PPV, as well as in other polyaromatic hydrocarbons. In the others the PPV plane lies (axially) parallel to the substrates, attributed to π-π stacking effects. Wavefunction analysis suggests very little electronic coupling between the PPV and SWCNTs near to the Fermi level. Predicted differences in interaction between PPV and semi-conducting or metallic tubes suggest a new route to experimental ultraefficient composite PPV-SWCNT organic light emitting device design
Walrand, Stéphan. "Interactions hydrodynamiques dans les solutions concentrées." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601791p.
Full textBarriere, Valentin. "Analyse d'opinion dans les interactions orales." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT016/document.
Full text2588/5000Recognizing a speaker's opinions in an oral interaction is a crucial step in improving communication between a human and a virtual agent. In this thesis, we find ourselves in a problematic of automatic speech processing (APT) on opinion phenomena in natural spontaneous oral interactions. Opinion analysis is a task that is not often addressed in TAP that focused until recently on emotions using voice and non-verbal content. In addition, most existing legacy systems do not use the interactional context to analyze the speaker's opinions. In this thesis, we focus on these topics.We are in the context of automatic detection using statistical learning models. A study on modeling the dynamics of opinion by a model with latent states within a monologue, we study how to integrate the context interactional dialogical, and finally to integrate audio to text with different types of fusion. We worked on a basic Vlogs data at a global sense, and on the basis of multimodal data dyadic interactions composed of open conversations, at the turn of speech and word pair of towers. Finally, we annotated database in opinion because existing database were not satisfactory vis-à-vis the task addressed, and did not allow a clear comparison with other systems in the state art.At the dawn of significant change brought by the advent of neural methods, we study different types of representations: the ancient representations built by hand, rigid, but precise, and new representations learned statistically, and general semantics. We study different segmentations to take into account the asynchronous nature of multi-modality. Recently, we are using a latent state learning model that can adapt to a small database, for the atypical task of opinion analysis, and we show that it allows both an adaptation of the descriptors of the written domain to the oral domain, and serve as an attention layer via its clustering power. Complex multimodal fusion is not well managed by the classifier used, and audio being less impacting on opinion than text, we study different methods of parameter selection to solve these problems
Barriere, Valentin. "Analyse d'opinion dans les interactions orales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT016.
Full text2588/5000Recognizing a speaker's opinions in an oral interaction is a crucial step in improving communication between a human and a virtual agent. In this thesis, we find ourselves in a problematic of automatic speech processing (APT) on opinion phenomena in natural spontaneous oral interactions. Opinion analysis is a task that is not often addressed in TAP that focused until recently on emotions using voice and non-verbal content. In addition, most existing legacy systems do not use the interactional context to analyze the speaker's opinions. In this thesis, we focus on these topics.We are in the context of automatic detection using statistical learning models. A study on modeling the dynamics of opinion by a model with latent states within a monologue, we study how to integrate the context interactional dialogical, and finally to integrate audio to text with different types of fusion. We worked on a basic Vlogs data at a global sense, and on the basis of multimodal data dyadic interactions composed of open conversations, at the turn of speech and word pair of towers. Finally, we annotated database in opinion because existing database were not satisfactory vis-à-vis the task addressed, and did not allow a clear comparison with other systems in the state art.At the dawn of significant change brought by the advent of neural methods, we study different types of representations: the ancient representations built by hand, rigid, but precise, and new representations learned statistically, and general semantics. We study different segmentations to take into account the asynchronous nature of multi-modality. Recently, we are using a latent state learning model that can adapt to a small database, for the atypical task of opinion analysis, and we show that it allows both an adaptation of the descriptors of the written domain to the oral domain, and serve as an attention layer via its clustering power. Complex multimodal fusion is not well managed by the classifier used, and audio being less impacting on opinion than text, we study different methods of parameter selection to solve these problems
Caroline, Vincent. "Interactions pédagogiques "fortement multimodales" en ligne: le cas de tuteurs en formation." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines - ENS-LSH Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01066562.
Full textVincent, Caroline. "Interactions pédagogiques "fortement multimodales" en ligne : le cas de tuteurs en formation." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00765986.
Full textLe, Galliard Jean-François. "Interactions sociales et dispersion dans les populations structurées dans l'espace." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066539.
Full textSaget, Guillaume. "Interactions et résonances dans les systèmes quantiques." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCK024/document.
Full textThis thesis book is concerned with the interactions and resonances in quantum systems and is subdivided into three thematics. First, our work is aimed at constructing in the local limit a systematic method for a normalized vibrational Hamiltonian for a strongly excited n-degree-of-freedom molecular system from the generators of the Lie algebra, the algebra of the invariant polynomials built in classical mechanics from the the kernel of the adjoint operator adH0 . We present both the method of construction in case of absence and in case of a p : q resonance system with n degrees of freedom. Application to the non-linear triatomic molecule ClOH is then given.On the other hand, by using the LTPA Algorithm, we realize normalisation of linear triatomic molecules and we compare in case of the CO2 molecule our results to those of authors who used to another approaches. Then, we are dealing with the Fermi interaction in order to show analogously to the building of Hamiltonians of non-linear molecules AB2, that this interaction is able to describe the transition of a atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) to a molecular one.Finally, in the last chapter, we explore the non-adiabatic dynamics of a two-state system subject to excitation by a specific constant-amplitude periodic level-crossing model and we show that the evolution of the probability amplitudes of states is deduced from the Heun equation for a particular class of solutions. We also highlight three different behaviors for the detuning : non-crossing, crossing and level-glancing. For these two last behaviors, a 1 : 1 resonance occurs periodically between the system and the field
Salembier, Pascal. "Le diagnostic cognitif dans les interactions tutorielles." Paris, CNAM, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CNAM0181.
Full textThis thesis brings up some methodological and epistemological implications that result from a study based on the analysis of a congnitive diagnosis task. It attempts to emphasize the importance of the analysis of cognitive activities in complex work situations. It shows that these field studies can provide some elements for the investigation of research topics in cognitive science, and for the development of models capable of taking into account the contextual aspects of cognitive activities. We assume that they are also able to provide elements for the discussion of the logicist views of cognition, which regard certain cognitive structure (e. G. Stereotypes) solely as the manifesation of an imperfect rationality
Waelbroeck, Patrick. "Processus d'innovation, interactions et diffusion dans l'economie." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010082.
Full textAdjimi, Mohamed. "Comportement stérique du méthyle dans ses interactions." Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX30068.
Full textPierre, Frédéric. "Interactions electron-electron dans les fils mesoscopiques." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066375.
Full textPasol, Laurentiu. "Interactions hydrodynamiques dans les suspensions : effets collectifs." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066248.
Full textLe, Meur Karim. "Interactions neurones-glies dans l’hippocampe de rat." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066179.
Full textTrabolsi, Ali. "Etudes des interactions dans des édifices supramoléculaires." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR13210.
Full textThe research data presented in this PhD dissertation contribute to a better understanding of the ionic and molecular recognition mechanisms, which are involved in the self-assembly of novel photochemical supramolecules. We first have focused our attention on strapped Zn(II) porphyrinic receptors which possess a fine-tuned and appropriate architecture for the strong and selective recognition of imidazole substrates. The flexibility of these receptors associated to a set of strong (Zn-N coordination bond) and weak (hydrogen bond, - and CH- interactions) intramolecular interactions are responsible of the specificity and efficiency of the binding processes. The efficiency of the recognition processes is adjusted and controlled by the nature and bulkiness of the substituents. Our physico-chemical approach thus helped to guide the synthesis toward new imidazole-porphyrin substrates and was an essential stage toward the development of stable photochemical devices for which the photoinduced energy migration processes are very efficient. We also explored the possibility to pair C60 and polyphenylnevinylene oligomers or metalloporphyrins using a supramolecular approach. Axial coordination of nitrogen bases on Zn(II) porphyrins and ionic recognition of ammoniums by 18C6 crown-ethers were chosen as primary interactions. To strengthen these edifices, assembly strategies with polytopic receptors were processed and successfully led to the formation of stable edifices. The photoinduced processes within these new supramolecules were studied. The first strategy relies on positively cooperative association of two substrates, which mainly results from secondary - interactions between two C60 units positioned in a syn conformation. The second strategy uses multivalent supramolecular chemistry and is based on the macrocyclization process of bivalent substrates with ditopic receptors
Zaragosa, Serge. "Interactions verbales dans le processus de dévolution." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H090.
Full textGaspard, Vincent. "Interactions Hydrogène – Plasticité dans les Alliages Ferritiques." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EMSE0730/document.
Full textThe development of electrical vehicles powered by hydrogen fuel cells requires the large scaledeployment of hydrogen storage and transport infrastructures. This in turn requires theassessment of the sensitivity of structural materials to hydrogen embrittlement phenomena.These damage modes, while being well described experimentally for since several decades,are still highly debated when it comes to elementary physical processes, mainly because of thelack of quantitative models for these elementary processes. More precisely, the role of the(micro-)plasticity developing at the tip of structural defects, while being well establishedexperimentally, is still poorly accounted for in the available micro-mechanical models. TheScience of Materials and Structures division of ENSM.SE already proposed originalmodelling approaches for hydrogen – dislocation interactions, that have been experimentallyvalidated in face-centred cubic materials. This project aims at applying the same type ofapproach to body-centred cubic metals. This will be achieved by means ofdeformation tests on hydrogen-charged model body centred cubic alloys, investigations of thedislocation microstructures by transmission electron microscopy and the development ofsemi-analytical models of hydrogen-dislocation interactions
Adjimi, Mohamed. "Comportement stérique du méthyle dans ses interactions." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611171m.
Full textBéchade, Lucile. "L'humour dans les interactions sociales homme-robot." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS077/document.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation is about the improvement of social capacities of a conversationnal system to interact with humans. When the system is not dedicated to one particular task, it must take into account the inherent difficulties of social interaction it-self. Humor is a natural mechanism present in social interactions. We consider humour in a robotic system as a simulation of simplified behaviors from human humor : derision, jokes, puns. This work is based on theories issued from various research domains as sociology, psychology, neurosciences and linguistics to enable integration of humor in a robotic system. Implemented in some dialog systems, humorous capacities are however rarely used when programming the robot’s behavior. In our study, the humourous behavior is implemented in the system by using the ritual theory of face-work. The face analysis of the interlocutor can be used to direct the robot’s reactions during a casual humorous talk. In order to evaluate the faces of participants in interaction, we study, using data collections created for this purpose, the participant’s behavior, emotionnal and expressive responses to different types of humor (humorous act targeting the robot, the participant or a neutral subject). Participant's reaction to humor are made upon a multi-level processing of emotionnal, linguistic and behavioral cues.Machine learning is used to extract rules defining appreciation or not and update the participant's face evaluation in regards of the humorous act produced by the robot. An implementation of these rules in an automatic dialog system allows us to evaluate their accuracy. Numerous experiments were carried out on various populations : elderly persons, adults, teenagers. Finally, the use of the participant’s preferences in the conversation raises ethical questions, in particular against the persuasive and manipulative power of humor