Journal articles: 'Multimetal Deposition'

1

He, Yayun, Linru Xu, Yu Zhu, Qianhui Wei, Meiqin Zhang, and Bin Su. "Immunological Multimetal Deposition for Rapid Visualization of Sweat Fingerprints." Angewandte Chemie 126, no. 46 (July 30, 2014): 12817–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201404416.

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Schnetz, Bertrand, and P. Margot. "Technical note: latent fingermarks, colloidal gold and multimetal deposition (MMD)." Forensic Science International 118, no. 1 (April 2001): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00361-3.

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Neirinck, Bram, Xiaoshuang Li, and Matthias Hick. "Powder Deposition Systems Used in Powder Bed-Based Multimetal Additive Manufacturing." Accounts of Materials Research 2, no. 6 (May 14, 2021): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.1c00030.

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4

Stauffer, Eric, Andy Becue, Kanwar Vikas Singh, K. Ravindranathan Thampi, Christophe Champod, and Pierre Margot. "Single-metal deposition (SMD) as a latent fingermark enhancement technique: An alternative to multimetal deposition (MMD)." Forensic Science International 168, no. 1 (May 2007): e5-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.12.009.

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Charlton, Deborah T., Stephen M. Bleay, and Vaughn G. Sears. "Evaluation of the multimetal deposition process for fingermark enhancement in simulated operational environments." Analytical Methods 5, no. 20 (2013): 5411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ay40533h.

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Masuda, Atsushi, Kazuko Matsuda, Yasuto Yonezawa, Akiharu Morimoto, and Tatsuo Shimizu. "Mechanism of Stoichiometric Deposition of Volatile Elements in Multimetal-Oxide Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Ablation." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 35, Part 2, No. 2B (February 15, 1996): L237—L240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.35.l237.

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Becue, Andy, Aurèle Scoundrianos, Christophe Champod, and Pierre Margot. "Fingermark detection based on the in situ growth of luminescent nanoparticles—Towards a new generation of multimetal deposition." Forensic Science International 179, no. 1 (July 2008): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.04.008.

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8

Gelatos, A. V., A. Jain, R. Marsh, and C. J. Mogab. "Chemical Vapor Deposition of Copper for Advanced On-Chip Interconnects." MRS Bulletin 19, no. 8 (August 1994): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400047734.

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Continued dimensional scaling of the elements of integrated circuits places significant restrictions on the width, density, and current carrying capability of metallic interconnects. It is expected that, by the year 2000, the transistor channel length will be at 0.18 μm, while microprocessors will pack more than 15 million transistors over an area ~700 mm. To conserve area, interconnects will continue to be stacked at an increasing number of levels (six by the year 2000, versus four in today's leading microprocessors), and the minimum spacing and width within an interconnect layer will shrink to 0.3 μm. In addition, it is expected that future interconnects will need to sustain increasingly higher current densities without electromigration failures.Aluminum alloys are the conductors of choice in present-day interconnects, and much effort is focused on means to extend the usefulness of aluminum through improvements in reliability, either by new alloy formulations or by the development of complicated multimetal stacks. A more radical approach, which is gaining increased attention, is the replacement of aluminum altogether by copper. The bulk resistivity of copper is significantly lower than that of aluminum (1.7 μΩ cm for Cu versus 3.0 μΩ cm for Al-Cu), which is expected to translate to interconnects of higher performance because of reduction in signal propagation delay. In addition, the significantly higher melting temperature of copper (~1100°C versus ~600°C for Al-Cu alloys) and its higher atomic weight are expected to translate to improved resistance to electromigration.

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Ambati, Ramesh Babu. "Difference between conventional and modern methods for examination of fingerprints." Journal of Forensic Science and Research 5, no. 1 (August 10, 2021): 037–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jfsr.1001025.

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The impression of frictional ridges of the finger is known as fingerprints. Owing to this uniqueness, the fingerprints have long been used to identify a person since Ancient times. In any crime scene the presence of fingerprint makes the identification of the Culprit very easy. The fingerprints can also easily be embedded on any item such as paper, Clothing and body of the victim. To utilize this uniqueness of fingerprints forensic experts devised many techniques to obtain a clear fingerprint. These come under two categories i.e. Conventional and modern methods. The conventional methods are although important but there are limitations of them. Just take the example of powder method. Powder method require different powders for different Surfaces and colors, but modern method like quantum dots method can easily detect Fingerprints on all surfaces regardless of their color giving great resolution in seconds. Other methods like physical developer method is very time consuming and expensive, carbon Black method creates mess and does not work on porous surface, iodine fuming and Naphthaloflavin does have an advantage that it can bring up prints on skin also but it does not Work on metallic surfaces. VMD also fails on heavy plastic polymers and body oils. But some modern methods like nanotechnology can obtain high resolution prints old and dried prints also within 3 minutes. Laser technology is very fast, accurate and can be used for Fingerprints up toten years old also on any surface without any mess. Multimetal deposition Method can even be used to identify smokers and drug addicts and can be used Porous, non-porous and wet surfaces.

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Kim, Mee Rahn, Dong Ki Lee, and Du-Jeon Jang. "Template-Based Electrochemically Controlled Growth of Segmented Multimetal Nanorods." Journal of Nanomaterials 2010 (2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/203756.

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Multisegmented one-dimensional nanostructures composed of gold, copper, and nickel have been fabricated by depositing metals electrochemically in the pores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. The electrodeposition process has been carried out using a direct current in a two-electrode electrochemical cell, where a silver-evaporated AAO membrane and a platinum plate have served as a working electrode and a counter electrode, respectively. The striped multimetal rods with an average diameter of about 300 nm have tunable lengths ranging from a few hundred nanometers to a few micrometers. The lengths and the sequence of metal segments in a striped rod can be tailored readily by controlling the durations of electrodeposition and the order of electroplating solutions, respectively.

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Ichimura, Masaya, and Dengbaoleer Ao. "Highly Sensitive Room Temperature Hydrogen Sensors Based on Photochemically Deposited SnO₂." Materials Science Forum 787 (April 2014): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.787.378.

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Highly sensitive room temperature hydrogen sensors based on undoped and Fe-doped SnO2 films were fabricated. The SnO2 films were deposited by the photochemical deposition using an aqueous solution containing SnSO4. For deposition of doped and undoped SnO2 films, a small amount of an aqueous solution was dropped on a glass substrate and irradiated by UV light. The sensors annealed at 200oC showed extremely high sensitivity to hydrogen, but the initial resistance was very high. The sensors annealed at 400oC had a much lower resistance, and thus the sensor response was able to be measured even by a pocket multimeter. The Fe-doped sample showed higher sensitivity compared with the undoped sample.

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Hardi, Anla Fet, and Dahyunir Dahlan. "Pengaruh Doping Al Pada ZnO Menggunakan Metode LPD Terhadap Efisiensi Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC)." Jurnal Fisika Unand 9, no. 3 (August 14, 2020): 360–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jfu.9.3.360-367.2020.

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Telah dilakukan pendopingan aluminium pada ZnO untuk meningkatkan efisiensi Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC). Sintesis lapisan ZnO dilakukan menggunakan metode Liquid Phase Deposition (LPD) pada suhu 80 oC selama 10 jam dengan variasi doping aluminium sebesar 0%; 1,0%; 1,5%; 2,0%; dan 2,5%. Sampel dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD dan Spektroskopi UV-Vis sedangkan efisiensi DSSC diukur dengan menganalisis kurva I-V. Pola difraksi XRD lapisan ZnO tanpa dan dengan doping Al 1,5% memperlihatkan pola difraksi yang identik, yaitu terdapat puncak pada 2θ: 34o dan 36o yang menunjukkan karakteristik difraksi ZnO. Spektrum UV-Vis memperlihatkan absorpsi kuat pada panjang gelombang 280-380 nm yang berkaitan dengan energi gap 3,51; 3,50; 3,3; 3,11 dan 3,06 eV untuk doping 0%; 1,0%; 1,5%; 2,0% dan 2,5%, berturut-turut. Efisiensi DSSC sampel diukur menggunakan multimeter digital dan perangkat tambahan dengan intensitas cahaya 500-1500 Lux. Efisiensi tertinggi dihasilkan fotoanoda lapisan ZnO yang didoping aluminium 1,5%, yaitu sebesar 1,51% sedangkan terendah yaitu fotoanoda tanpa doping yaitu 0,33%. Sehingga pemberian doping 1,5% mampu meningkatkan efisiensi sebesar 463% dibandingkan DSSC tanpa doping. Doping of aluminium on ZnO has been done in order to increase the efficiency value of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC). Synthesis of the ZnO layer used the Liquid Phase Deposition (LPD) method at 80 oC for 10 hours with aluminum doping variation of 0%; 1.0%; 1.5%; 2.0%; and 2.5%. Sample characterization was performed by XRD and UV-Vis Spectroscopy, while DSSC efficiency was measured by analyzing I-V characteristics. The XRD diffraction patterns for undoped and 1.5% Al-doped samples display identical diffraction patterns, that there were peaks around 2θ: 34 and 36, which showed the characteristics of ZnO diffraction. The UV-Vis spectrum shows that strong absorption occurs in the wavelength range of 280-380 nm and the gap energy obtained is 3.51; 3.50; 3,3; 3.11 and 3.06 eV for 0%; 1.0%; 1.5%; 2.0% and 2.5%, respectively. The efficiency of DSSC samples was measured using a digital multimeter along enhancements with a light intensity of 500-1500 Lux. The highest efficiency is produced by 1.5% Al-doped ZnO of 1.51% while the lowest is undoped sample of 0.33%. The 1.5% Al-doped ZnO can increase efficiency by 463% compared to undoped one.

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13

Souza, C. S. de, J. R. R. Bortoleto, P. L. Sant Ana, and S. F. Durrant. "Measurement of the Surface Electrical Resistance of SnO2:F Thin Films." BOHR International Journal of Computer Science 1, no. 1 (2022): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54646/bijcs.018.

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In this work, thin films of tin oxide doped with fluorine and of nominal surface resistance between 30 Ω and 40 Ω were deposited by RF sputtering in a plasma deposition system and their surface electrical resistances were evaluated for different conditions. To measure the resistivity of the fluorine-doped tin oxide film using an aluminum PAD with the same thickness and the same width as the film, a Minipa digital multimeter acting as an ammeter, a DC voltage source, and wires with banana-alligator connectors were used at six intervals (between the aluminum measuring tips and the PADs). Thus, a linear approximation and verification of the resistance value for each measured distance were undertaken. Resistances ranging from 44.10 Ω/ to 88.10 Ω/ for separations of 6 and 1 cm, respectively, were found. With the values obtained, the respective graphs were plotted for the six separations. The four-point method was employed to obtain four measurements (M1 to M4), and the curves of voltage as a function of the current were obtained. Values of resistance ranged from 11.4 Ω (M4) to 29.1 Ω (M3).

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14

Arnaldi, Ugo. "Hadrontherapy in the World and the Programmes of the Tera Foundation." Tumori Journal 84, no. 2 (March 1998): 188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089169808400216.

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Hadrontherapy was born in 1938, when neutron beams were used in cancer therapy, but it has become an accepted therapeutical modality only in the last five years. Fast neutrons are still in use, even if their limitations are now apparent. Charged hadron beams are more favorable, since the largest specific energy deposition occurs at the end of their range in matter. The most used hadrons are at present protons and carbon ions. Both allow a dose deposition which conforms to the tumour target. Radiobiological experiments and the results of the first clinical trials indicate that carbon ions have, on top of this macroscopic property, a different way of interacting with cells at the microscopic level. There are thus solid hopes to use carbon beams of about 4500 MeV to control tumours which are radioresistant both to X-rays and protons. After discussing these macroscopic and microscopic properties of hadrontherapy, the hospital-based facilities, running or under construction, are reviewed. The conclusion is that, while in USA and Japan twelve of these centres will be running around the year 2001, in Europe very little is foreseen to use hadrontherapy to treat deep-seated tumours. The most advanced programme is the Italian one, which is described in the last Sections of the report. The main activities concern the construction, near Milano, of a centre for protons and carbon ions called CNAO (National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy) and the development of new type of proton accelerators. The Istituto Superiore di Sanità in Rome obtained the initial financing for constructing, in collaboration with ENEA, a 3 GHz linac, which eventually will accelerate protons to 200 MeV, so as to allow deep protontherapy. These, and other hadrontherapy centres in Italy and Europe, will be connected with oncology centres, hospitals and clinics by a multimedial network called RITA, so that before referral each patient's case can be discussed directly by doctors, even located far away, with the experts sitting in the hadrontherapy centres.

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15

Luan, Yan Yan, Xue Feng Liu, Zhan Nan Peng, and Jian Xin Xie. "Preparation and Mechanism of Cu/Nano-TiO₂/PBO Composite Fibers by Photocatalysis Electroless Plating." Materials Science Forum 749 (March 2013): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.749.205.

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Cu/nanoTiO2/PBO composite fiber with low density, high strength, toughness and conductivity was prepared with a photocatalysis electroless plating method by reduction depositing Cu2+ on the surface of nanoTiO2/PBO composite fiber. The process parameters on the preparation of Cu/nanoTiO2/PBO composite fiber were optimized by the characterization of surface morphology, phase, composition, pull-out strength and resistivity of Cu/nanoTiO2/PBO composite fibers using SEM, XRD, EDS, electronic tester of tensile strength and multimeter, respectively. The mechanism of Cu coating nanoTiO2/PBO composite fiber was also discussed in this study. The results showed that Cu/nanoTiO2/PBO composite fibers were well prepared under the bath composition of CuSO45H2O 16gL-1, KNaC4H4O64H2O 15 gL-1, Na2EDTA2H2O 24 gL-1, HCHO 16 mlL-1, NaOH 14 gL-1, C10H8N2 24 mgL-1 and K4Fe (CN)6H2O 12 mgL-1 by the UV-light irradiated for 30 min. The diameter, pull-out strength and resistivity of Cu/nanoTiO2/PBO composite fiber were 20.2 μm, 2.25 GPa and 0.02864 Ωmm2m-1, respectively. Cu2+ ions on the surface of nanoTiO2/PBO composite fiber were reduced to Cu by photo-electrons which were generated of nanoTiO2 under the UV-light irradiated, and the primary Cu layer as a catalytic center promoted the reduction reactions of producing Cu/nanoTiO2/PBO composite fiber further.

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16

He, Yayun, Linru Xu, Yu Zhu, Qianhui Wei, Meiqin Zhang, and Bin Su. "Immunological Multimetal Deposition for Rapid Visualization of Sweat Fingerprints." Angewandte Chemie International Edition, July 30, 2014, n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201404416.

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17

Sodhi, Gurvinder S., and Jasjeet Kaur. "Multimetal deposition method for detection of latent fingerprints: a review." Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences 7, no. 1 (November 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41935-017-0017-7.

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18

Himes, Jennifer A., James R. Willis, and Daniel A. Gulino. "Effect of Externally-Imposed Radial Strain on the Piezoelectric Response of MOCVD-Grown Gallium Nitride." MRS Proceedings 639 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-639-g11.58.

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ABSTRACTThe large piezoelectric constants of GaN suggest possible application of GaN-based materials in piezoelectric sensors, among other areas. GaN's wide band gap implies that these sensors will fare well over a broad temperature range and/or in a harsh environment.In this work, films of gallium nitride approximately 0.75 micron thick and grown by MOCVD were subject to an externally-imposed radial stress condition. Deposition was performed in a commercial MOCVD reactor (CVD, Inc.) at 1323K using trimethylgallium and ammonia as the chemical precursors. The substrate was one-inch diameter silicon (111). After deposition, titanium dots were deposited in various locations, including the wafer center, by evaporation. Stress was applied to the film/substrate system using a modified micrometer head (Mitutoyo) mounted to an Ionic Systems Basic Stressgauge (model 30285). Stress levels were calculated based on the magnitude of the imposed deflection as read from the micrometer head display, and the piezoelectric response at any particular dot with respect to the center dot was measured by measuring the voltage difference using a digital multimeter (Keithley 175). The micrometer head impinged on the center dot and served as one electrical contact point.Effective piezoelectric coefficients were measured as a function of imposed radial stress. Applied stresses in the range of 1 to 5 GPa resulted in effective piezoelectric coefficients ranging from –0.6 to –2.0 × 10-5 C/m2

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19

Cook, Suh Hee T., and Jessica Gluck. "Abstract P359: Electroconductive Scaffolds To Mature Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes For Cardiac Tissue Engineering." Circulation Research 129, Suppl_1 (September 3, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/res.129.suppl_1.p359.

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Heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) aims to repair and replace heart tissue, offering a solution. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) could revolutionize CTE due to their theoretical ability to supply limitless patient-specific CMs. However, iPSC-CMs are electrophysiologically immature compared to functional adult CMs, and therefore incapable of sustaining a heartbeat. Thus, a scaffold capable of electrophysiologically maturing iPSC-CMs is needed. My research increases the electroconductivity of electrospun (ES) scaffolds by incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which I hypothesize will mature iPSC-CMs seeded onto them due to their excellent electroconductive properties. Morphological, biocompatibility, and electrical analyses have been performed on ES polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin scaffolds with CNTs incorporated via a ‘sandwich’ and dual deposition method in order to increase electroconductivity. Morphological analyses were performed via ImageJ on SEM images. Fiber diameter and pore size quantification confirmed the ability to exert morphological control by modifying solution properties and ES parameters, which is crucial to achieve biomimicry of the cardiac extracellular matrix. Live/dead assays and immunofluorescence revealed the CNT scaffolds offer high biocompatibility for NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, which attach, proliferate, and migrate well. Electrical analysis performed with a multimeter and two-probe resistance measurement confirms that inclusion of CNTs significantly increases scaffold conductivity, moreso for dual deposition scaffolds than ‘sandwich’ ones, and moreso parallel to the CNT arrays than orthogonally. These results prove the feasibility of using such scaffolds as a method for in vitro electrophysiological iPSC-CM maturation. Next steps include optimization of scaffolds, analysis of iPSC-CM biocompatibility and response, and recapitulation and manipulation of the electrophysiology of cardiac tissue, including quantification of markers for cardiac function and maturity, and assessment of iPSC-CM + scaffold response to electrical pacing.

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20

"Enhancement Open Circuit Voltage of Calcium Titanate AR Coated Magnesium Solar Cell." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 4 (November 30, 2019): 1272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.c6660.118419.

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The present research aims to enhance the open circuit voltage of fabricated solar cell through Anti–Reflection (AR) coating on the cell substrate. Solar cell is fabricate using ITO Glass, titanium dioxide, magnesium and redox. Calcium Titanium Oxide (CaTiO3) is chosen as the AR coating material for constructing thin film layer on fabricated solar cell. Selected AR coating material have unique features such as orthorhombic, biaxial, non-radioactive and non-magnetic with electron bulk density of 3.91 g/cm3 respectively. Commonly, voltage generation of the multi crystalline solar cell is low (12% to 14%) due to much reflection of inward sun radiation. Deposition of AR coating on the substrate (fabricated solar cell) can minimize the reflection loss of sun radiation. The maximum improvement in solar cell efficiency after AR coating has been reported as 19.3%. Sputter coating technique is more favorable for thin film coating due to its salient features like uniform coating thickness controlled by time. This uniform coating thickness absorbs more sun radiation. Radio Frequency (RF) magnetron sputter coating technique is utilized in the current research to deposit CaTiO3 on solar cells. Prior to coating, the AR material is pelletized using Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The substrate are coated under varying time duration of 15-minutes, 30-minutes and 45-minutes in order to analyze the variation in open circuit voltage. The deposition of coating on the substrate are confirmed using SEM and FESEM. Open circuit voltage of controlled atmosphere studies for pure and AR coated solar cells (fabricated) are examined. Controlled atmosphere tests of AR coated thin films are conducted by placing the substrate inside a solar simulator and the solar simulator consist of IR thermometer (To measure Temperature), solar power meter (To measure Radiation) and multimeter (To measure Open circuit voltage). Neodym daylight lamp is used to control the radiation in solar simulator. The improvement in cell voltage proves that thin film AR coating considerably minimizes the reflective loss.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Multimetal Deposition'

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