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Journal articles on the topic 'Multiferroics BiFeO3 Nanoparticles'

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Published: 7 September 2023

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1

Zhang, Yuan, Yi Zhang, Quan Guo, Dongwen Zhang, Shuaizhi Zheng, Ming Feng, Xiangli Zhong, et al. "Enhanced electromagnon excitations in Nd-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles near morphotropic phase boundaries." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 38 (2019): 21381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp04194j.

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2

Liu, Xian Ming, and Wen Liang Gao. "Synthesis and Characterization of Multiferroic NiFe2O4/BiFeO3 Nanocomposites by Modified Pechini Method." Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (February 2011): 456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.456.

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Spinel-perovskite multiferroics of NiFe2O4/BiFeO3 nanoparticles were prepared by modified Pechini method. The structure and morphology of the composites were examined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the composites consisted of spinel NiFe2O4 and perovskite BiFeO3 after annealed at 700°C for 2h, and the particle size ranges from 40 to 100nm. VSM and ME results indicated that the nanocomposites exhibited both tuning magnetic properties and a ME effect. The ME effect of the nanocomposites strongly depended on the magnetic bias and magnetic field frequency.
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3

Mukherjee, A., Sk M. Hossain, M. Pal, and S. Basu. "Effect of Y-doping on optical properties of multiferroics BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Applied Nanoscience 2, no. 3 (May 5, 2012): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13204-012-0114-8.

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4

Mahesh, Dabbugalla, and Swapan K. Mandal. "Multiferroicity in ZnO nanodumbbell/BiFeO3 nanoparticle heterostructures." International Journal of Modern Physics B 30, no. 12 (May 6, 2016): 1650074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979216500740.

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We report here on the multiferroic properties of ZnO–BiFeO3 (BiFeO3 referred hereinafter as BFO) nanocomposite structures obtained by using a facile solution-based synthesis route. ZnO is found to grow in the form of well-crystallized and self-assembled dumbbell-like structures. BFO nanoparticles (NPs) are deposited onto ZnO nanodumbbells (NDs) to obtain ZnO–BFO heterostructures. The nanocomposites show prominent ferroelectric polarization hysteresis loop along with enhanced magnetization in comparison to pure BFO NPs. The ordered alignment of spins along with the suppression of Fe–O–Fe antiferromagnetic super-exchange interactions at the ZnO/BFO interface plausibly gives rise to observed multiferroic properties.
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5

Wang, Xiong, Yin Lin, and Jin Guo Jiang. "Multiferroic Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles: Rapid Sintering Synthesis, Characterization, and Optical Properties." Advanced Materials Research 152-153 (October 2010): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.81.

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The homogeneous multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles with average particle size of 85 nm have been successfully synthesized by a simple sol-gel route. The prepared sample was characterized by a variety of techniques, such as X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimeter analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The obtained results shows that rapid sintering and subsequently quenching to room temperature are the two vital important factors for the preparation of pure BiFeO3. The magnetic phase transition (TN = 369 °C) and the ferroelectric phase transition (TC = 824.5 °C) were determined, revealing the antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric nature of the as-prepared BiFeO3 nanoparticles. The optical properties of the nanopowders were investigated. The strong band-gap absorption at 486 nm (2.55 eV) of the BiFeO3 nanoparticles may bring some novel applications.
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6

Apostolova, Iliana, Angel Apostolov, and Julia Wesselinowa. "Magnetoelectric Coupling Effects in Tb-Doped BiFeO3 Nanoparticles." Magnetochemistry 9, no. 6 (May 26, 2023): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry9060142.

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The magnetic, electric, and optical properties in Tb-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles as functions of size and doping concentrations were investigated using a microscopic model, taking into account both linear and quadratic magnetoelectric (ME) coupling. We observed improved multiferroic properties and band-gap tuning. The magnetization and polarization increased with the decreased nanoparticle size and increased Tb-doping substitution x. The Neel temperature remained nearly unchanged whereas the Curie temperature was reduced with the increased x. There was doping-induced ME coupling. The dielectric constant is discussed as a function of the size, doping, and the magnetic field. The band gap decreased with the decreased size or increased Tb dopants due to competing effects of the compressive strain, oxygen defects on the surface, and Coulomb interactions. Increasing the Tb dopants and decreasing the nanoparticle size improved the ME effect.
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7

Shirolkar, Mandar M., Changshan Hao, Xiaolei Dong, Ting Guo, Lei Zhang, Ming Li, and Haiqian Wang. "Tunable multiferroic and bistable/complementary resistive switching properties of dilutely Li-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles: an effect of aliovalent substitution." Nanoscale 6, no. 9 (2014): 4735–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3nr05973a.

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8

Lone, Irfan H., Abul Kalam, Jahangeer Ahmed, Norah Alhokbany, Saad M. Alshehri, and Tokeer Ahmad. "Quenching Assisted Reverse Micellar Synthesis and Electrical Properties of High Surface Area BiFeO3 Nanoparticles." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 3823–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17527.

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Multiferroic compounds are prime important materials for future electronic and magnetic devices and overcome the fundamental limits of conventional materials. In present work, we reported the preparation of purely one phase of nano-sized BiFeO3 compound by microemulsion micellar method for the first time by employing rapid quenching of sample at 500 °C, that is the main driving force to get the pure phase of BiFeO3 nanoparticles at low temperature method. The nanoparticles that we obtained were almost uniform with sphere shaped and these prepare nanoparticles possess high surface. The increase in permittivity in the form of dielectric constants were reported that depends on temperature and frequency that supports the ferroelectric nature and was further confirmed by the ferroelectric loops even at the room temperature has been found in theses prepared nanoparticles.
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9

Shirolkar, Mandar M., Jieni Li, Xiaolei Dong, Ming Li, and Haiqian Wang. "Controlling the ferroelectric and resistive switching properties of a BiFeO3thin film prepared using sub-5 nm dimension nanoparticles." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 38 (2017): 26085–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp04341d.

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10

Wesselinowa, J. M., and I. Apostolova. "Theoretical study of multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Journal of Applied Physics 104, no. 8 (October 15, 2008): 084108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3006003.

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11

Basith, M. A., Nilufar Yesmin, and Rana Hossain. "Low temperature synthesis of BiFeO3 nanoparticles with enhanced magnetization and promising photocatalytic performance in dye degradation and hydrogen evolution." RSC Advances 8, no. 52 (2018): 29613–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra04599b.

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Multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles were synthesized using low temperature hydrothermal technique to assess their visible-light driven photocatalytic activity along with their applicability for the production of hydrogen via water splitting.
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12

VIJAYALAKSHMI, Dr R. P., N. Manjula, S. Ramu, and Amaranatha Reddy. "Magnetic and dielectric properties of BiFeO3 nanoparticles." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 7, no. 2 (January 31, 2015): 1393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v7i2.1697.

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Single crystalline nano-sized multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) powders were synthesized through simple chemical co-precipitation method using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as capping agent. We obtained pure phase BiFeO3 powder by controlling pHand calcination temperature. From X-ray diffraction studies the nanoparticles were unambiguously identified to have a rhombohedrally distorted perovskite structure belonging to the space group of R3c. No secondary phases were detected. It indicates single phase structure. EDX spectra indicated the appearance of three elements Bi, Fe, O in 1:1:3. From the UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrum, the absorption cut-off wavelength of the BFO sample is around 558nm corresponding to the energy band gap of 2.2 eV. The size (60-70 nm) and morphology of the nanoparticles have been analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).   Linear M−H behaviour and slight hysteresis at lower magnetic field is observed for BiFeO3 nanoparticles from Vibrating sample magnetometer studies. It indicates weak ferromagnetic behaviour at room temperature. From dielectric studies, the conductivity value is calculated from the relation s = L/RbA Sm-1 and it is around 7.2 x 10-9 S/m.
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13

Sheoran, Nidhi, Monika Saini, Ashok Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Tanuj Kumar, and Mukesh Sheoran. "Size dependent morphology, magnetic and dielectric properties of BiFeO3 nanoparticles." MRS Advances 4, no. 28-29 (2019): 1659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2019.167.

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AbstractNano-sized BiFeO3 were synthesized by sol-gel auto combustion method and report the effect of different annealing temperature (400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C) on phase formation, morphology, magnetic and dielectric properties of synthesized bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) nanoparticles. The phase formation of BFO nanoparticles were confirmed by X-ray diffraction pattern. Further, significant increment in particle size with increasing annealing temperature was estimated by field emission electron microscopy (FESEM). Magnetization curve showed the soft ferromagnetic behavior of the samples annealed at 400 OC and 500 OC that was explained on the basis of disturbance of spiral modulated long range antiferromagnetic order of bulk BFO. Dielectric response revealed decrease in dielectric constant with increasing annealing temperature. BFO is a room-temperature multiferroic material so it is potential candidate for various applications viz. Water waste treatment, gas sensors and photovoltaic cells in rural areas.
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14

Kang, Yu-Qing, Mao-Sheng Cao, Jie Yuan, and Xiao-Ling Shi. "Microwave absorption properties of multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Materials Letters 63, no. 15 (June 2009): 1344–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2009.03.010.

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15

SARDAR, K., K. ALI, S. ALTAF, M. SAJJAD, B. SALEEM, L. AKBAR, A. SATTAR, et al. "ENHANCED STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF BISMUTH FERRITE (BiFeO3) NANOPARTICLES." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 15, no. 1 (January 2020): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2020.151.51.

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Multiferroic Bismuth Iron Oxide (BiFeO3) nanoparticles was synthesized via sol gel method. This study demonstrated the preparation of nanoparticles of bismuth ferrite at 550ᵒC. In this method Bismuth nitrate [Bi (NO3)3.5H2O] and iron nitrate [Fe (NO3)3.9H2O] were used as starting chemical agent. In order to overcome the volatility of Bismuth at high temperature, different weight percentages of chemicals were used. Citric acid was used as chelating agent. Thermal treatment was given to the samples at 550ᵒC. Bismuth Ferrite nanoparticles showed obvious ferromagnetic properties. The size of Bismuth Ferrite nanoparticles reduced as magnetization increased. As the concentration of chemical increased at 550ᵒC the particle size was reduced due to recrystallization. Sol Gel method helped to control the size of crystals. The characterization of prepared samples of Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles was done by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and UV- visible for getting the information about surface morphology and crystallographic structure. X-ray diffraction result gave the information about the particle size and phase identification. UV- visible gave the information about the band gap energy of BiFeO3 nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscope result gave the information about surface morphology and grain size of nanoparticles at different resolutions.
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16

Mukherjee, A., S. Basu, L. A. W. Green, N. T. K. Thanh, and M. Pal. "Enhanced multiferroic properties of Y and Mn codoped multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Science 50, no. 4 (December 9, 2014): 1891–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8752-8.

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17

Suastiyanti, Dwita, Sri Yatmani, and YuliNurul Maulida. "A CHEMICAL ROUTE TO THE SYNTHESIS OF Bi1-xMgxFeO3 (x=0.1 and x=0.07) NANOPARTICLE WITH ENHANCED ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES AS MULTIFERROIC MATERIAL." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, no. 6 (March 20, 2020): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i6.2018.250.

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Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) is one of multiferroic material group, but it is difficult to produce BiFeO3 in single phase as multiferroic material because it occurs leakage of current arising from non stoichiometric. So, to minimize it, it has already been engineering processed to synthesis BiFeO3 doped by Mg to produce Bi0.9Mg0.1FeO3 and Bi0.93Mg0.07FeO3. It used sol-gel method to produce the ceramics. The result of TGA/DTA(Thermo Gravimetric Analysis/Differential Thermal Analysis) test shows that the temperature of calcination is about of 150 and 175oC and temperature of sintering is about of 650oC. Characterization of the powder has already been done by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test and electrical properties test. The results of XRD test show that the powder of Bi0.9Mg0.1FeO3has minimum impurities with total oxide of 6.9% (bismite 3.5% and silenite 3.4%) at calcination temperature of 175oC for 4 hours and sintering at 650oC for 6 hours. Meanwhile at same parameter, Bi0.93Mg0.07FeO3 has more oxide phases with total oxide of 14.5% which consists of silenite (2.5%) and Bi2O4 (12%). Presence of oxide phases could cause leakage of current decreasing electrical properties. The values of electrical saturation polarization for ceramic having minimum total oxide (Bi0.9Mg0.1FeO3) is higher than ceramic having more oxide (Bi0.93Mg0.07FeO3). The value of electric saturation polarization for Bi0.9Mg0.1FeO3 is of 0.26 kv/cm and for Bi0.93Mg0.07FeO3 is of 0.11 kV/cm.
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18

Lotey, Gurmeet Singh, and N. K. Verma. "Magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic Tb-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Materials Letters 111 (November 2013): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2013.08.022.

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19

El-Desoky, M. M., M. M. Mostafa, M. S. Ayoub, and M. A. Ahmed. "Transport properties of Ba-doped BiFeO3 multiferroic nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 26, no. 9 (June 3, 2015): 6793–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-015-3291-x.

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20

Zhang, Hong, Weifang Liu, Ping Wu, Xiao Hai, Minchen Guo, Xiaojuan Xi, Ju Gao, et al. "Novel behaviors of multiferroic properties in Na-Doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Nanoscale 6, no. 18 (2014): 10831–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr02557a.

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21

Annapureddy, V., N. P. Pathak, and Rabinder Nath. "Structural, Optical and Ferroelectric Properties of BiCoO3:BiFeO3 Composite Films." Advanced Materials Research 585 (November 2012): 260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.585.260.

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Multiferroic materials, which simultaneously exhibit ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism, have recently stimulated a sharply increasing number of research activities for their scientific interest and significant technological promise in the novel multifunctional devices. Natural multiferroic single phase compounds are rare, and their magnetoelectric response are relatively weak at room temperature. In contrast, multiferroic composites improve the magnetoelectric coupling at room temperature which can have potential applications in data storage, sensors, spintronics and filters. In view of this, Multiferroic BiFeO3 –BiCoO3 (BF-BC) composite thin films have been prepared by the spray pyrolysis method, where (110) - oriented texture was obtained. X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed that BF-BC composite films were highly (110) textured. The AFM images show that the films were uniform, dance and of nearly spherical shape nanoparticle with size of 18 nm. The (110) - texture BF-BC composite films exhibits improvement in remanent polarization and coercive field with very low leakage current. The optical properties of the composite films have been studied and correlated with their structural parameters.
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22

Li, Xing Ao, Wei Wei Mao, Xing Fu Wang, Xi Wang Wang, Yong Tao Li, Tao Yang, and Jian Ping Yang. "Effects of Single-Substitution and Co-Substitution on BiFeO3 Nanoparticles." Key Engineering Materials 602-603 (March 2014): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.602-603.23.

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Multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles have been prepared by solgel method. The effects of single-substituted and co-substituted on the structures and magnetism of all the samples are investigated systematically. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra results confirm that the samples simulate from a distorted rhombohedral structure to a cubic structure. Surface morphology of the samples were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The ferroelectric and magnetic hysteresis loops shows coexistence of magnetism and ferroelectricity in the room temperature. The structure transition may be the main cause for the origin of improved magnetic and ferroelectric properties.
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23

Apostolova, I., and J. M. Wesselinowa. "Magnetic control of ferroelectric properties in multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Solid State Communications 147, no. 3-4 (July 2008): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2008.05.003.

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24

Francis, P. Nisha, S. Dhanuskodi, M. S. Jayalakshmy, M. Muneeswaran, J. Philip, and N. V. Giridharan. "Optical limiting and magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Materials Chemistry and Physics 216 (September 2018): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.05.062.

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25

Singh, Satyendra, and S. B. Krupanidhi. "Fabrication, Structural Characterization and Formation Mechanism of Multiferroic BiFeO3 Nanotubes." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.18136.

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Multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) nanotubes have been successfully fabricated by the modified sol–gel method within the nanochannels of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. The morphology, structure and composition of the nanotubes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), high resolution TEM, (HRTEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Postannealed (650 °C for 1 h), BFO nanotubes were polycrystalline and X-ray diffraction study revealed that they are of the rhomohedrally distorted perovskite crystal structure. The results of SEM and TEM revealed that BFO nanotubes possessed a uniform length (up to 60 μm) and diameter (about 200 nm), which were controlled by the thickness and the pore diameter of the applied AAO template, respectively and the thickness of the wall of the BFO nanotube was about 15 nm. Y-junctions in the BFO nanotubes were observed. EDX analysis demonstrated that stoichiometric BiFeO3 was formed. HRTEM analysis confirmed that the obtained BFO nanotubes made up of nanoparticles (3–6 nm). The possible formation mechanism of BFO nanotubes was discussed.
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26

Hu, Yongming, Linfeng Fei, Yiling Zhang, Jikang Yuan, Yu Wang, and Haoshuang Gu. "Synthesis of Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles via a Wet Chemical Route at Low Temperature." Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/797639.

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Nanoparticles (NPs) of multiferroic bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) with narrow size distributions were synthesized via a wet chemical route using bismuth nitrate and iron nitrate as starting materials and excess tartaric acid and citric acid as chelating agent, respectively, followed by thermal treatment. It was found that BiFeO3NPs crystallized at∼350∘Cwhen using citric acid as chelating agent. Such crystallization temperature is much lower than that of conventional chemical process in which other types of chelating agent are used. BiFeO3NPs with different sizes distributions show obvious ferromagnetic properties, and the magnetization is increased with reducing the particle size.
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27

Dzul-Kifli, Nur Athirah Che, Mohd Mustafa Awang Kechik, Hussein Baqiah, Abdul Halim Shaari, Kean Pah Lim, Soo Kien Chen, Safia Izzati Abd Sukor, et al. "Superconducting Properties of YBa2Cu3O7−δ with a Multiferroic Addition Synthesized by a Capping Agent-Aided Thermal Treatment Method." Nanomaterials 12, no. 22 (November 10, 2022): 3958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12223958.

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A bulk YBa2Cu3O7−δ (Y-123) superconductor synthesized by a thermal treatment method was added with different weight percentages (x = 0.0, 0.2, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 wt.%) of BiFeO3 (BFO) nanoparticle. X-ray diffraction (XRD), alternating current susceptibility (ACS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to determine the properties of the samples. From the XRD results, all samples showed an orthorhombic crystal structure with a Pmmm space group. The sample x = 1.0 wt.% gave the highest value of Y-123. The high amounts of BFO degraded the crystallite size of the sample, showing that the addition did not promote the grain growth of Y-123. From ACS results, the Tc-onset value was shown to be enhanced by the addition of the BFO nanoparticle, where x = 1.5 wt.% gave the highest Tc value (91.91 K). The sample with 1.5 wt.% showed a high value of Tp (89.15 K). The FESEM analysis showed that the average grain size of the samples decreased as BFO was introduced. However, the small grain size was expected to fill in the boundary, which would help in enhancing the grain connectivity. Overall, the addition of the BFO nanoparticles in Y-123 helped to improve the superconducting properties, mainly for x = 1.5 wt.%.
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28

Du, Yi, Zhen Xiang Cheng, Shi Xue Dou, Darren Jon Attard, and Xiao Lin Wang. "Fabrication, magnetic, and ferroelectric properties of multiferroic BiFeO3 hollow nanoparticles." Journal of Applied Physics 109, no. 7 (April 2011): 073903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3561377.

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29

Chauhan, Sunil, Manoj Kumar, Sandeep Chhoker, S. C. Katyal, Hemant Singh, Mukesh Jewariya, and K. L. Yadav. "Multiferroic, magnetoelectric and optical properties of Mn doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Solid State Communications 152, no. 6 (March 2012): 525–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2011.12.037.

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30

Hossain, MN, MA Matin, MM Rhaman, MA Ali, MA Hakim, and SK Roy. "Structural and Dielectric Progression of 5 % Gd Doped BiFeO3 Nanoparticles Through Cr (2-8%) Doping." Journal of Engineering Science 12, no. 3 (January 10, 2022): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jes.v12i3.57483.

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This study reports the structural modifications in undoped multiferroic BiFeO3 (bismuth ferrite or BFO) nanoparticles caused by doping at both the A-site (by 5% Gd) and B-site (by 2-8% Cr) and the resulting improvements in dielectric characteristics. Both un-doped and doped BFO nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel technique and annealed at 600°C for crystallization. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) reveals a phase transition from rhombic (R3c) to orthorhombic (Pn21a). Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) study shows the production of nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 80 to 130 nm. Impedance analyzer experiments (100 Hz-10 MHz) show that the dielectric characteristics of doubly doped BFO are very stable over a wide frequency range. The dielectric permittivity of co-doped BFO decreases with Cr doping concentration up to x = 0.06 before reversing. The conductivity drops dramatically as the Cr content rises. Journal of Engineering Science 12(3), 2021, 101-110
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31

Dhir, Gitanjali, Poonam Uniyal, and N. K. Verma. "Multiferroic properties of Sr-doped BiFeO 3 nanoparticles." Physica B: Condensed Matter 531 (February 2018): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2017.12.004.

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32

Ahmed, M. A., S. F. Mansour, S. I. El-Dek, and M. Abu-Abdeen. "Conduction and magnetization improvement of BiFeO3 multiferroic nanoparticles by Ag+ doping." Materials Research Bulletin 49 (January 2014): 352–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2013.09.011.

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33

Priyadharsini, P., A. Pradeep, B. Sathyamoorthy, and G. Chandrasekaran. "Enhanced multiferroic properties in La and Ce co-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 75, no. 7 (July 2014): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2014.03.001.

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34

Khalid, Ayesha, Shahid Atiq, Shahid M. Ramay, Asif Mahmood, Ghulam M. Mustafa, Saira Riaz, and Shahzad Naseem. "Magneto-electric characteristics in (Mn, Cu) co-doped BiFeO3 multiferroic nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 27, no. 9 (May 3, 2016): 8966–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4927-1.

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35

Wei Jie, Chen Yan-Jun, and Xu Zhuo. "Study on the size-dependent magnetic properties of multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Acta Physica Sinica 61, no. 5 (2012): 057502. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.61.057502.

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36

Sone, Keita, Sho Sekiguchi, Hiroshi Naganuma, Takamichi Miyazaki, Takashi Nakajima, and Soichiro Okamura. "Magnetic properties of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles distributed in a multiferroic BiFeO3 matrix." Journal of Applied Physics 111, no. 12 (June 15, 2012): 124101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729831.

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37

Hait, Swarnali, Anupam Gorai, and Kalyan Mandal. "Barium and Yttrium Co-doping in Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles to Enhance Microwave Properties." Physica Scripta 98, no. 9 (August 22, 2023): 095940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/acee28.

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Abstract The microwave properties of multiferroic Bismuth Ferrite have been widely studied and focus has been placed on the improvement of microwave absorption, impedance matching, effective bandwidth through doping with suitable elements, and formation of nanostructures. In this work, Barium and Yttrium co-doping at the Bi site of BiFeO3 nanoparticles (BayBi1-x-yYxFeO3) were observed to be effective in enhancing the dielectric and magnetic properties of the sample with x = 0.03 and y = 0.1. A minimum reflection loss of −61.7 dB was achieved in the sample for a composite absorber length of 7.5 mm attributed to the best balance observed between dielectric loss (tanδ ε ) and magnetic loss (tanδ μ ) based on the match equation, tanδ ε = tanδ μ . The best impedance matching observed in this sample also supports the observed high microwave absorption required for practical application as microwave absorption material.
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38

Arafat, M. Y., N. Anjum, and S. N. E. Lamia. "Experimental investigation on multiferroic properties of Ti-doped BiFeO3 bulk and nanoparticles." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1091, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1091/1/012006.

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39

Harijan, Pappu Kumar, Anar Singh, Chandan Upadhyay, and Dhananjai Pandey. "Néel transition in the multiferroic BiFeO3-0.25PbTiO3 nanoparticles with anomalous size effect." Journal of Applied Physics 125, no. 2 (January 14, 2019): 024102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5052177.

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40

Arora, Manisha, Sunil Chauhan, P. C. Sati, Manoj Kumar, Sandeep Chhoker, and R. K. Kotnala. "Spin-phonon coupling and improved multiferroic properties of Zr substituted BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 25, no. 10 (July 17, 2014): 4286–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-014-2163-0.

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41

Shu, Huazhong, Yuhui Ma, Zhongcao Wang, Weiwei Mao, Liang Chu, Jianping Yang, Qiang Wu, Yonggang Min, Rongfang Song, and Xing’ao Li. "Structural, Optical and Multiferroic Properties of (Nd, Zn)-Co-doped BiFeO3 Nanoparticles." Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 30, no. 11 (April 27, 2017): 3027–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10948-017-4129-y.

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42

Vasudevan, R. K., K. A. Bogle, A. Kumar, S. Jesse, R. Magaraggia, R. Stamps, S. B. Ogale, H. S. Potdar, and V. Nagarajan. "Ferroelectric and electrical characterization of multiferroic BiFeO3 at the single nanoparticle level." Applied Physics Letters 99, no. 25 (December 19, 2011): 252905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3671392.

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43

Xu, Xin, Qi Fu Yao, Sheng Peng, Long Kai Fang, Wei Wei Mao, Jian Ping Yang, and Xing Ao Li. "Effects of Eu and Ca Co-Substitution for the Improvement of Multiferroic Properties of BiFeO3." Key Engineering Materials 697 (July 2016): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.697.288.

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Pure BiFeO3 (BFO), Ca-doped and Eu/Ca-codoped BFO nanoparticles were prepared by using a sol–gel method. The effects of Eu/Ca-codoped on the structural, magnetic and ferroelectric properties of the samples were studied. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals a structure transition in the codoped samples. Co-doped samples were obtained with the best ferromagnetic properties, with the largest remaining magnetization Mr = 0.20 emμ/g. The structure transition may be the main cause for the origin of improved magnetic properties, which destroys the space modulated spin structure of BFO and releases the locked magnetic. In addition, the doping of Eu into BFO can reduce the leakage current and enhance the ferroelectric properties.
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44

Niloy, Naimur R., M. I. Chowdhury, S. Anowar, J. Islam, and M. M. Rhaman. "Structural and Optical Characterization of Multiferroic BiFeO3 Nanoparticles Synthesized at Different Annealing Temperatures." Journal of Nano- and Electronic Physics 12, no. 5 (2020): 05015–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/jnep.12(5).05015.

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45

Li, Xing'ao, Xiwang Wang, Yongtao Li, Weiwei Mao, Peng Li, Tao Yang, and Jianping Yang. "Structural, morphological and multiferroic properties of Pr and Co co-substituted BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Materials Letters 90 (January 2013): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2012.09.038.

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46

Wang, Zhongchao, Yuhui Ma, Yunhua Zhou, Ruiyuan Hu, Weiwei Mao, Jian Zhang, Yonggang Min, Jiangping Yang, Xing’ao Li, and Wei Huang. "Multiferroic- and bandgap-tuning in BiFeO3 nanoparticles via Zn and Y co-doping." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 28, no. 15 (April 12, 2017): 11338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-6927-1.

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47

Kaur, Manpreet, K. L. Yadav, and Poonam Uniyal. "Multiferroic and optical studies on the effects of Ba2+ ions in BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 27, no. 5 (January 18, 2016): 4475–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4320-0.

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48

Han, Y. L., W. F. Liu, X. L. Xu, M. C. Guo, X. N. Zhang, P. Wu, G. H. Rao, and S. Y. Wang. "Room-temperature multiferroic and optical properties in Ba and Rb codoped BiFeO3 nanoparticles." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 695 (February 2017): 2374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.11.123.

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49

Dhir, Gitanjali, Poonam Uniyal, and N. K. Verma. "Effect of Particle Size on the Multiferroic Properties of Tb-Doped BiFeO3 Nanoparticles." Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 29, no. 10 (June 9, 2016): 2621–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10948-016-3582-3.

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50

Arora, Manisha, P. C. Sati, Sunil Chauhan, Sandeep Chhoker, A. K. Panwar, and Manoj Kumar. "Structural, Optical and Multiferroic Properties of BiFeO3 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Soft Chemical Route." Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 26, no. 2 (September 5, 2012): 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10948-012-1761-4.

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