Academic literature on the topic 'Multifactor Offender Readiness Model'

This research aimed to determine whether completers, non-completers, and non-starters of community-based offending behavior programs could be differentiated by their levels of internal “treatment readiness.” The Corrections Victoria Treatment Readiness Questionnaire (CVTRQ) measures offenders’ Attitudes and Motivation, Emotional Reactions, Offending Beliefs, and Efficacy which, according to the Multifactor Offender Readiness Model (MORM), are internal dimensions of an offender’s readiness to engage with treatment. Participants were offenders who had been court-mandated to attend a community-based cognitive skills offending behavior program. There were no significant differences between groups in respect of the CVTRQ total score. After controlling for risk of reconviction, however, the Self Efficacy construct differentiated program non-starters from program completers, while the Emotional Reactions construct differentiated program non-completers from program completers. In conclusion, the CVTRQ failed to differentiate program completion groups with the same success as elsewhere.

A systematic review of the reasons why detained adult offenders fail to attend or successfully complete treatment programme(s) was conducted. An initial search of the literature identified 2,827 articles, which following evaluation against explicit inclusion/exclusion criteria and a quality assessment was reduced to 13 studies. Extracted data from the 13 studies were synthesised using a qualitative approach. Despite the 13 studies being heterogeneous in design, there was consensus on the reasons offenders gave for completion/noncompletion of treatment. The majority were consistent with the factors outlined in the Multifactor Offender Readiness Model (MORM) and included a perceived lack of self-efficacy, negative perceptions of treatment, staff and peers, an inability to regulate emotions, and a lack of perceived choice and control. A lack of opportunity to engage in established, professionally run, groups, as well as perceived inadequate support from members of staff, was also associated with poor engagement and noncompletion of treatment.

Background:The development of motivational programmes that are able to successfully enhance offenders’ readiness for treatment could mean that more individuals may decide to partake in programmes.Aims:The aim of this research is to explore the existing evidence on the topic in order to answer two main questions: 1) What factors are associated with motivation to engage in interventions?; 2) What works as best practice for motivation and readiness enhancement?Method:This study utilised a Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) methodology, looking in particular at the existing studies with the following characteristics: English language, published globally, between the years 2005–2020, and Peer-reviewed-only.Results:From a total of 3596 papers obtained with the initial searches, a total of six studies were eventually selected as the most suitable for this review overall. These covered three main areas: (1) assessments tools currently available; (2) factors specifically associated with motivation and readiness; and (3) relevant processes/interventions that directly affect motivation or readiness.Conclusions/Implications for practice:With regards to the factors (and barriers) linked to motivation and readiness to engage with treatment, the evidence presented in this review confirmed the multi-factorial nature of these concepts. The proposed synthesis seems to be in line with what is outlined within the Multifactor Offender Readiness Model (MORM; Ward et al., 2004) and the main point that emerged from this review is that offenders’ motivation and readiness is best understood through aspects that are both internal to the person or that depend on individuals, and external, in the features of the context, environment and people that surround them. As regards interventions to enhance readiness and motivation, the evidence is rather limited and mainly restricted to specific types of offenders; based on what is available, it appears that some interventions with this purpose can have positive effects on individuals.

This paper presents a model of the implementation of mediation in cases where a power disbalance between partners exists. The model includes relevant theoretical concepts which are important for understanding of violence phenomenon in the family, and the contemporary approaches to the work on balancing unequal power in relationships. In creating the model of family mediation in cases including violence, some basic concepts of mediation procedures are modified or adjusted (neutrality, confidentiality), as well as the concept of circular causality and complementary relationships from a systemic perspective. Implementation of interdisciplinary approach is proposed for efficient work on balancing the power in relations and using various working domains. The confession of violent behavior and the acceptance of personal responsibility by the offender, and the readiness of both sides to take part in restoration of a relationship are basic principles of restorative justice that is fundamental for victim- offender mediation. Therefore, those conditions are also necessary for a family mediation in cases including elements of violence, if the security for the victim is provided and guaranteed.

Using the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) data set, the current study examined the relationship between internal change factors, including agency, readiness for change, and legal cynicism, and four reentry outcomes (recidivism, reincarceration, drug use, and treatment participation). The study also assessed the impact of external change factors, such as family support and perceived neighborhood quality on reentry outcomes. Using a hybrid model approach, we found that within-individual changes in agency and family emotional support were significantly related to decreased self-reported recidivism and reincarceration over time. Within-individual changes in family emotional support were also significantly related to reductions in self-reported drug use and within-individual changes in readiness for change were positively associated with treatment participation across the postrelease waves of the SVORI data. Between-individual results further demonstrate the salience of change factors on reentry outcomes. Study findings inform desistance models and identify some promising targets for reentry programming.

Introduction. The paper presents the research findings of investigating the problem of training healthcare leaders in the management of sustainable development. The purpose of the article is to analyze the international practice of training managers in various industries and to assess the effectiveness of using ‘Process Factory’ in the development of professional competencies related to quality management of healthcare settings. Materials and Methods. The study used general empirical and theoretical research methods, general logical methods and techniques, as well as methods of system analysis, comparison and analogy, and generalization. The key criterion for selecting research papers was focusing on the problems of training healthcare managers in the quality of medical care in the context of sustainable development management. In order to solve this problem, a business game called ‘Quality management of medical care’ based on the ‘Process Factory’ was developed. The empirical data were processed using a standard software package. Results. The authors have identified the following problems in the quality of training healthcare managers: low involvement in the educational process, denial of the best experiences, and an authoritarian management style. At the same time, the research has shown that managers need professional competencies in the field of analysis of multifactor processes, team management, projects, skills to integrate strategic development tasks into the current activities of the organization. The business game developed by the authors is based on the model of training in ‘learning factories’ as the foundation for training in lean manufacturing. Using the business game has led to the following outcomes: the interest of trainees increased by 9 times, involvement in the educational process-by 20 times, mastering skills – by 2 times, performing skills – by 8 times, readiness to apply the obtained skills – by 17 times. Conclusions. The article concludes that the constant implementation of changes in the healthcare system requires non-standard solutions from the leaders. The conducted educational experiment showed that the proposed educational technology makes it possible to model various situations in the learning environment. In the process of conducting a business game, the leader acquires competencies aimed at conflict management, encouragement of personnel, and receiving reliable information about the activities of the healthcare organization.

The Association Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine is a new format of relations aimed at creating a deep and comprehensive free trade area (DCFTA) between Ukraine and the EU with the gradual integration of Ukraine into the internal market of the European Union. Focusing on the experience of rule-making of the EU member states, it is necessary to define and implement the legal rules and principles of the national judiciary, taking into account the rules and principles of European law (Chornomaz, 2016). In accordance with the strategy of European integration of our country, the adaptation of Ukrainian legislation is to approximate it with the modern European legal system, which will ensure the development of the political, entrepreneurial, social, cultural activity of Ukrainian citizens, economic development of the state within the EU to facilitate the increase of standards of living of the population. The implementation of the provisions of European legislation provided by the economic part of the Association Agreement (AA) is extremely important in the context of reforms, as the provisions can and should serve as a basis for a new model of socio-economic development of Ukraine. The deepening of the processes of humanization and democratization of Ukrainian society, the gradual introduction of principles and rules of European law into the national judiciary through reforms in the field of justice, inter alia, have led to qualitative updating of criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine, in particular: use of differentiated approach to legal conflicts between persons who have committed criminal offences, which do not pose a great public danger, and victims; simplification and reduction of the procedure of criminal proceedings; ensuring procedural savings; reduction of the caseload; allowing the parties of the conflict to resolve issues of exemption from criminal liability in case of reconciliation between the offender and the victim independently, the appointment of the negotiated punishment and release from serving with probation, etc. Given the specifics of the approach to improving relations with neighbouring countries on a differentiated basis, the EU seeks to identify and base on existing positive sources of sustainability, as well as to monitor and respond to weaknesses with the appropriate set of methods and resources at its disposal. The purpose of the article is to study a theoretical and practical definition of challenges of adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to the legislation of the European Union, institutional and organizational mechanisms of DCFTA implementation in the field of justice and certain norms of the current criminal procedure legislation. Ukraine is undergoing the second phase of radical reform of government structures; it has been continuing for 15 years but, unlike other countries, it is much more difficult for Ukraine to get rid of the burden of past problems. Judicial reform is also underway and domestic legislation is being significantly changed, including the transformation of the judicial proceedings. The topical issue of the development of judicial reforms is an imperfection, and sometimes a contradiction of regulations, which negatively affects the process of realization of rights and responsibilities of all subjects of public relations, slows down the development of Ukraine as a state governed by the rule of law. However, the introduction of institutions of concluding agreements, simplified proceedings, probation, and later mediation, into the criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine indicates the readiness of our state to change the concept of criminal procedure in accordance with the European standards, which will improve the situation of all parties to criminal proceedings. However, they need further completion and improvement. We are convinced that the introduction of such institutions will contribute to the legal development of society to achieve the European standards of restorative justice, which will encourage the further introduction of the latter in the legislation of Ukraine, resolving criminal conflicts by reaching a compromise between parties in cases specified by law. One of the ways to solve this problem in Ukraine is to regulate the process of adoption of regulations by the subjects of rule-making and taking into account the provision that legality as an objective property of law, in general, is the necessary condition and the main principle of the rule-making process.