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León-Salas, Beatriz, Renata Linertová, Javier García-García, Pilar Pérez-Ros, Francisco Rivas-Ruiz, Ana Toledo-Chávarri, and María M. Trujillo-Martín. "PP230 Safety, Effectiveness, And Cost Effectiveness Of Interventions For Preventing Delirium In Hospitalized Patients." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 37, S1 (December 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462321001380.
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IntroductionDelirium is a prevalent syndrome in the hospital setting and the elderly are the most affected. The objective was to assess the safety, clinical effectiveness, and cost effectiveness of interventions for preventing delirium among people aged 65 years or older at hospital admission.MethodsA systematic review of available scientific literature (randomized controlled trials) on the safety, effectiveness, and cost effectiveness of the interventions was conducted. The overall effect size for each type of intervention was estimated through a meta-analysis. A cost-effectiveness study in the context of the Spanish National Healthcare System was performed.ResultsForty-nine studies were included for the effectiveness and safety assessment (25 on pharmacological interventions, 12 on perioperative interventions, 2 on non-pharmacological interventions, and 10 on multicomponent interventions). The following interventions reduced delirium incidence relative to usual care or placebo: hypnotics and sedatives (13 studies; risk ratio [RR] 0.54: 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36–0.80); perioperative interventions aimed at limiting opioid use (two studies; RR 0.50, 95% CI: 0.29–0.86); controlling the intensity of general anesthesia (three studies; RR 0.77, 95% CI: 0.59–0.99); and multicomponent interventions (10 studies; RR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.54–0.72). In addition, multicomponent interventions reduced the duration (mean difference −1.18, 95% CI: −1.95 - −0.40) and severity of delirium (standardized mean difference −0.98, 95% CI: −1.46 - −0.49), while dexmedetomidine reduced the duration of delirium (mean difference −0.70, 95% CI: −1.03 - −0.37).The economic analysis of a multicomponent preventive intervention estimated an average cost of EUR7,282 per patient, which was EUR140 per patient more expensive than usual care. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was EUR21,391 per quality-adjusted life-year, which is below the acceptability threshold used in Spain. The literature review yielded two economic evaluations that estimated the cost effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention in the United Kingdom and found that the multicomponent intervention was a dominant strategy.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggests that multicomponent interventions and dexmedetomidine are effective in reducing the incidence of delirium in hospitalized patients and that multicomponent interventions could be a cost-effective strategy in Spain.
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Radley, Keith C., Kate A. Helbig, Stefanie R. Schrieber, Mary E. Ware, and Evan H. Dart. "Superheroes Social Skills: A Comparison of Video Only and Full Curriculum on Social Skill Use." Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 36, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088357621989260.
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A substantial number of multicomponent interventions have been developed to address social functioning in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). For multicomponent interventions, identifying critical elements of the intervention related to behavior change is critical and may potentially improve the social validity of interventions. Such an analysis of the Superheroes Social Skills program was conducted. Three participants with ASD and one participant without a diagnosis participated in a 4-week intervention in which three target social skills were taught. Participants were first exposed to only the video-based elements of intervention, followed by participation in the full curriculum. Results of the study indicated that exposure to video elements often resulted in limited increases in skill accuracy, but the largest increases were observed during training with the full curriculum. Limitations and future directions are discussed with respect to multicomponent interventions for individuals with ASD.
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Aké Canul, Didier Francisco, Marco Esteban Morales Rojas, Sheila Mariela Cohuo Cob, Maricela Balam Gómez, and Gabriela Montserrat Chi Mex. "Intervención Multicomponente de Enfermería para Promover el Hábito del Lavado de Manos en Escolares." Notas de Enfermería 25, no. 44 (September 27, 2024): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.59843/2618-3692.v25.n44.46384.
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Diarrheal diseases and respiratory infections represent the main reasons for school absenteeism, which if complicated, will be part of the mortality statistics in children under five years of age. In this sense, it is important to focus on hand washing and multicomponent interventions with theoretical references for behavioral changes to promote sustained and long-term behavior, washing hands with soap and water has been shown to be a life-saving hygiene habit. The Nursing professional, through the Nursing Care Process (PAE), has the necessary skills to design, implement and evaluate multicomponent interventions. Objective: implement a PAE aimed at schoolchildren to promote the habit of handwashing, through a multicomponent intervention and the theory of disruptive behavior. Methodology: community case study with PAE, implemented in a public and rural primary school in Yucatán, Mexico. For the assessment, brainstorming techniques, non-participant observation and social cartography were used. For the diagnostic process, results and interventions, the NANDA 2021-2023 taxonomy, NOC Results Classification and NIC Intervention Classification was used. Results: we worked with a diagnosis, a result and three interventions on health education, community environmental management and behavior modification. Conclusions: through the PAE and the multicomponent intervention, it was possible for the school population to generate a more active and committed practice with handwashing.
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Huynh-Hohnbaum, Anh-Luu T., Valentine M. Villa, Maria P. Aranda, and Jorge Lambrinos. "Evaluating a Multicomponent Caregiver Intervention." Home Health Care Services Quarterly 27, no. 4 (December 11, 2008): 299–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621420802589777.
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Dorling, James L., Christoph Höchsmann, Catrine Tudor-Locke, Robbie Beyl, and Corby K. Martin. "Effect of an office-based intervention on visceral adipose tissue: the WorkACTIVE-P randomized controlled trial." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 46, no. 2 (February 2021): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-0175.
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Office-based activity reduces sedentariness, yet no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed how such activity influences visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This study examined the effect of an office-based, multicomponent activity intervention on VAT. The WorkACTIVE-P RCT enrolled sedentary office workers (body mass index: 31.4 (standard deviation (SD) 4.4) kg/m2) to an intervention (n = 20) or control (n = 20) group. For 3 months, the intervention group received an office-based pedal desk, further to an intervention promoting its use and increased walking. The control group maintained habitual activity. At baseline and follow-up, VAT, cardiometabolic disease risk markers, physical activity, and food intake were measured. Steps/day were not altered relative to control (P ≥ 0.51), but the pedal desk was utilized for 127 (SD 61) min/day. The intervention reduced VAT relative to control (−0.15 kg; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.29 to −0.01; P = 0.04). Moreover, the intervention decreased fasting glucose compared with control (−0.29 mmol/L; 95% CI = −0.51 to −0.06; P = 0.01), but no differences in other cardiometabolic disease markers or food intake were revealed (P ≥ 0.11). A multicomponent intervention decreased VAT in office workers who were overweight or obese. Though longer-term studies are needed, office-based, multicomponent activity regimens may lower cardiometabolic disease risk. Trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02561611). Novelty: In WorkACTIVE-P, a multicomponent activity intervention decreased visceral adipose tissue relative to control in office workers. The intervention also reduced glucose compared with control, though other metabolic risk markers and food intake were not altered. Such multicomponent interventions could help reduce cardiometabolic disease risk, but longer studies are needed.
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Laver, Kate, Rachel Milte, Suzanne Dyer, and Maria Crotty. "A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing Carer Focused and Dyadic Multicomponent Interventions for Carers of People With Dementia." Journal of Aging and Health 29, no. 8 (July 25, 2016): 1308–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264316660414.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two approaches: multicomponent interventions that focus on working with the carer and dyadic interventions that work with both the carer and the person with dementia. Method: A systematic review involving a search of Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO in October 2015 was performed. Randomized controlled trials involving carers of people with dementia and comparing multicomponent interventions with usual care were included. Results: Pooling of all studies demonstrated that multicomponent interventions can reduce depressive symptoms, improve quality of life, reduce carer impact, and reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia as well as caregiver upset with these symptoms. We were unable to find a significant difference in the effects of dyadic interventions in comparison with carer focused interventions for these outcomes. Discussion: Although effect sizes associated with intervention are small, multicomponent interventions are relatively inexpensive to deliver, acceptable, and widely applicable.
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Ayodele, Deborah, and Jennifer Oates. "Effectiveness of interventions to support weight loss in adults taking antipsychotics: a review." British Journal of Mental Health Nursing 8, no. 2 (May 2, 2019): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjmh.2019.8.2.88.
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Antipsychotic medication is effective in reducing psychotic symptoms but use is associated with weight gain. Weight gain is associated with an increased risk of a number of life threatening health conditions. Multicomponent lifestyle interventions are the recommended non-pharmacological way of tackling weight gain and its consequences. This literature review summarises the evidence for the effectiveness of multicomponent lifestyle interventions in reducing weight and waist circumference in adults taking antipsychotics. The review of eight studies found that such approaches are effective; however, multiple factors affect success, for example tailoring of information to the cognitive abilities of participants and the use of individual combined with group approaches. There were some unexpected results within studies, where some control groups lost weight or decreased waist circumference as well as intervention groups. Reasons for significant weight change in control groups was attributed to possible access to weight loss activities outside of the intervention programmes. Adherence to intervention programmes was also important for success. Nurses who support patients taking antipsychotics to lose weight should promote multicomponent approaches that are tailored to the specific needs of this group.
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Kim, Myeongshin, Eunyoung Shin, Seyoon Kim, and Sohyune Sok. "The Effectiveness of Multicomponent Intervention on Daily Functioning among the Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 12 (June 18, 2022): 7483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127483.
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The deterioration of physical and cognitive functioning in the elderly is an impairment to their independent self-management and to improving their ability to perform daily functions. Nurses should support the elderly to experience a healthy and a successful aging process by preventing dependence on daily functioning and understanding the care assistance that such persons need. This study aimed to gain insight into the evidence on the effectiveness of multicomponent intervention on the activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among the community-dwelling elderly without cognitive impairment. The design is a systematic review of a randomized controlled trial. The language of the published literature was English, and the search period was from January 2000 to December 2020. Articles were included under the PICO (population, intervention, comparison, and outcome) framework for: (a) community-dwelling elderly without cognitive impairment; (b) multicomponent intervention; (c) comparison group who did not receive the intervention; and (d) measurement of the effect of ADL and IADL. A total of 4413 references were found, 6 studies were included. Most studies (n = 5) reported that the multicomponent intervention exerted a beneficial effect on ADL and IADL. Only one study showed the highest methodology and reporting quality in the Cochrane review. Common components of the programs included: occupational therapy, physical therapy, exercise, memory training, cognitive–behavioral therapy, interdisciplinary intervention, and cognitive training. Multicomponent intervention may be a beneficial way to improve dependence on ADL and IADL as an important area of functional evaluation in the elderly. Considering the physical condition of the elderly, multicomponent interventions, including physical activity, exercise, occupational therapy, and especially individually customized coaching related to ADL and IADL training, may be useful.
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Zhou, Liying, Xinxin Deng, Kangle Guo, Liangying Hou, Xu Hui, Yanan Wu, Meng Xu, et al. "Effectiveness of Multicomponent Interventions in Office-Based Workers to Mitigate Occupational Sedentary Behavior: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 9 (July 26, 2023): e44745. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/44745.
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Background Sedentary time in workplaces has been linked to increased risks of chronic occupational diseases, obesity, and overall mortality. Currently, there is a burgeoning research interest in the implementation of multicomponent interventions aimed at decreasing sedentary time among office workers, which encompass a comprehensive amalgamation of individual, organizational, and environmental strategies. Objective This meta-analysis aims at evaluating the effectiveness of multicomponent interventions to mitigate occupational sedentary behavior at work compared with no intervention. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched from database inception until March 2023 to obtain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of multicomponent interventions on occupational sedentary behavior among office-based workers. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias by using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool. The average intervention effect on sedentary time was calculated using Stata 15.1. Mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs were used to calculate the continuous variables. Subgroup analyses were performed to determine whether sit-stand workstation, feedback, and prompt elements played an important role in multicomponent interventions. Further, the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence. Results A total of 11 RCTs involving 1894 patients were included in the analysis. Five studies were rated as low risk of bias, 2 as unclear risk of bias, and 4 as high risk. The meta-analysis results showed that compared with no intervention, multicomponent interventions significantly reduced occupational sitting time (MD=–52.25 min/8-h workday, 95% CI –73.06 to –31.44; P<.001) and occupational prolonged sitting time (MD=–32.63 min/8-h workday, 95% CI –51.93 to –13.33; P=.001) and increased occupational standing time (MD=44.30 min/8-h workday, 95% CI 23.11-65.48; P<.001), whereas no significant differences were found in occupational stepping time (P=.06). The results of subgroup analysis showed that compared with multicomponent interventions without installment of sit-stand workstations, multicomponent interventions with sit-stand workstation installment showed better effects for reducing occupational sitting time (MD=–71.95 min/8-h workday, 95% CI –92.94 to –51.15), increasing occupational standing time (MD=66.56 min/8-h workday, 95% CI 43.45-89.67), and reducing occupational prolonged sitting time (MD=–47.05 min/8-h workday, 95% CI –73.66 to –20.43). The GRADE evidence summary showed that all 4 outcomes were rated as moderate certainty. Conclusions Multicomponent interventions, particularly those incorporating sit-stand workstations for all participants, are effective at reducing workplace sedentary time. However, given their cost, further research is needed to understand the effectiveness of low-cost/no-cost multicomponent interventions.
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Van Kann, Dave H. H., Sanne I. de Vries, Jasper Schipperijn, Nanne K. de Vries, Maria W. J. Jansen, and Stef P. J. Kremers. "A Multicomponent Schoolyard Intervention Targeting Children’s Recess Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior: Effects After 1 Year." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 14, no. 11 (November 1, 2017): 866–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2016-0656.
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Background: The aim of the study was to test the 12-month effects of a multicomponent physical activity (PA) intervention at schoolyards on morning recess PA levels of sixth- and seventh-grade children in primary schools, using accelerometry and additional global positioning system data. Methods: A quasi-experimental study design was used with 20 paired intervention and control schools. Global positioning system confirmatory analyses were applied to validate attendance at schoolyards during recess. Accelerometer data from 376 children from 7 pairs of schools were included in the final analyses. Pooled intervention effectiveness was tested by multilevel linear regression analyses, whereas effectiveness of intervention components was tested by multivariate linear regression analyses. Results: Children exposed to the multicomponent intervention increased their time spent in light PA (+5.9%) during recess. No pooled effects on moderate to vigorous PA were found. In-depth analyses of intervention components showed that physical schoolyard interventions particularly predicted a decrease in time spent in sedentary behavior during recess at follow-up. Intervention intensity and the school’s commitment to the project strengthened this effect. Conclusions: The multicomponent schoolyard PA intervention was effective in making children spend a larger proportion of recess time in light PA, which was most likely the result of a shift from sedentary behavior to light PA.
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Suárez-Varela Úbeda, Juan Fernando, Sara Rodríguez-Vázquez, José Antonio Ordóñez Barranco, Gilberto Vega Caldera, Pedro Pablo Pérez Alvárez, and Francisco Buitrago. "Effectiveness of individual and group multicomponent interventions for smoking cessation in primary care: a quasi-experimental study." Family Practice 36, no. 5 (February 17, 2019): 627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmz005.
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Abstract Background The efficacy of smoking cessation interventions can be quite diverse in day-to-day clinical practice. Objective To analyse the effectiveness in smoking cessation of multicomponent interventions carried out in groups or individually in primary care practices. Methods A quasi-experimental, multicentre study of 12-month follow-up of patients treated in multicomponent smoking cessation interventions was carried out in Urban health care centres in Sevilla, Spain. Two hundred and twenty smoking patients, ≥18 years of age, participated either in a multicomponent intervention group (n = 145; mean age 51.7 years; 53.1% women) or in individual interventions (n = 77; mean age 50.5 years; 61.0% women). The abstinence or relapse status was computed from patient self-reports, confirmed by relatives or companions when possible and supplemented by CO-oxymetry tests in 89 patients. Results The overall percentage of smoking cessation was 36.9% (37.9% with group and 35.1% with individual intervention, P = 0.398). Patients who quit smoking were younger (48.7 versus 52.9 years old, P < 0.01), with fewer years of smoking (32.9 versus 36.8 years, P < 0.05), with higher education (39.0% versus 25.0%, P < 0.05) and had received pharmacological treatment (91.5% versus 67.9%, P < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, level of education [odds ratio (OR): 1.995; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.065–3.735, P < 0.01], group intervention (OR: 1.743; 95% CI: 1.006–3.287, P < 0.05) and drug prescription (OR: 2.368; 95% CI: 1.126–4.980, P < 0.05) were significantly associated with smoking cessation. Conclusions Our study found that multicomponent group and individual interventions in primary care were associated with an overall quit rate of smoking of 36.9% at 12-month follow-up, with higher probability of success among patients with higher education and those who received the group intervention and drug treatment.
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Malone, Victoria, James McLennan, and David Hedger. "Smoke-free hospital grounds." Australian Health Review 44, no. 3 (2020): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah19125.
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This study investigated whether the implementation of a multicomponent intervention project could improve compliance with the New South Wales (NSW) Health smoke-free healthcare policy. Environmental interventions were implemented on the hospital grounds for a 12-week period. Compliance was measured by a pre- and postintervention observational count of smokers on the hospital grounds. After implementation, there was a significant 73% reduction in people smoking on the hospital grounds, indicating improved compliance with the NSW smoke-free healthcare policy through the use of a non-punitive multicomponent intervention. What is known about the topic?Lack of compliance with the NSW Health smoke-free healthcare policy was reflected by the large numbers of smokers outside the front of an inner-city hospital in Sydney, Australia. This issue had been raised by staff, patients and visitors as an ongoing problem requiring a solution. What does this paper add?Designing and implementing a non-punitive multicomponent intervention using modelling, operant and associative learning principles can successfully increase compliance with policies designed to stop smoking on hospital grounds. What are the implications for practitioners?Implementing non-punitive multicomponent interventions to improve compliance with the NSW Health smoke-free healthcare policy may increase patients’ acceptance of smoking cessation support when offered. Healthcare staff need to be equipped with the knowledge and confidence to offer this support.
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Echeverria, Iñaki, Maria Amasene, Miriam Urquiza, Idoia Labayen, Pilar Anaut, Ana Rodriguez-Larrad, Jon Irazusta, and Ariadna Besga. "Multicomponent Physical Exercise in Older Adults after Hospitalization: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Short- vs. Long-Term Group-Based Interventions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2 (January 20, 2020): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020666.
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Multicomponent physical exercise is effective in curbing the effect of hospitalization in older adults. However, it is not well established which characteristics of the exercise interventions would optimize intervention sustainability and efficacy. This study compared the effects of two group-based multicomponent exercise interventions of different lengths in older adults after hospitalization. Fifty-five participants were randomly assigned to a short-term group-based branch (SGB, n = 27) or to a long-term group-based branch (LGB, n = 28). The SGB participated in a six-week multicomponent group-based exercise-training program followed by 18 weeks of home-based exercise. The LGB completed 12 weeks of each phase. Physical function, physical activity, quality of life, anthropometrics, and nutritional status were assessed at baseline, after 12 weeks, and after 24 weeks of intervention. Both groups improved physical function and nutritional status and increased physical activity after 12 weeks of intervention (paired student’s t-test, p < 0.01), and maintained the positive effects during the following 12 weeks. No group-by-time interaction was observed in any of the studied variables using mixed-model ANOVA. Based on these findings, we determined that 6 weeks of a group-based exercise intervention caused similar functional and nutritional benefits to a longer group-based intervention of 12 weeks when both are continued at home until 24 weeks.
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Jin, Huajie, Oluwafunso Kolawole, and Zhengwei Wang. "Cost-effectiveness analysis of physical activity interventions for people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: systematic review." British Journal of Psychiatry 223, no. 2 (August 2023): 362–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2023.52.
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BackgroundClinical guidelines recommend providing physical activity interventions (PAIs) to people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder for weight management. However, the cost-effectiveness of PAIs is unknown.AimsTo evaluate the availability and methodological quality of economic evaluations of PAIs for people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.MethodFour databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo and Scopus) were searched on 5 July 2022. Based on the retrieved studies, forward and backward citation searches were conducted. Two reviewers independently selected studies for inclusion. Study quality was assessed using the Drummond checklist. Review results were presented using narrative synthesis.ResultsFourteen articles reporting nine studies were included. All included studies assessed PAIs within a multicomponent lifestyle intervention. Mixed findings were reported on the cost-effectiveness of multicomponent lifestyle intervention: three studies reported it as cost-effective; four studies reported it as not cost-effective; and two studies did not conclude whether it was cost-effective or not. Very limited evidence suggests that certain patient subgroups might be more likely to benefit from multicomponent lifestyle interventions with a PAI component: men; individuals with comorbid type 2 diabetes; and individuals who have been psychiatric hospital in-patients for ≥1 year. The quality of included studies ranged from moderate to high.ConclusionsThe current economic evidence suggests that not all modalities of multicomponent lifestyle intervention including a PAI component are cost-effective for people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder; and not all people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder would benefit equally from the intervention. Future research is urgently needed to identify the cost-effective modality of PAI for different patient subgroups.
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Jafar, Tazeen H., Saeideh Tavajoh, H. Asita de Silva, Aliya Naheed, Imtiaz Jehan, Chamini Kanatiwela de Silva, Nantu Chakma, Maryam Huda, and Helena Legido-Quigley. "Post-intervention acceptability of multicomponent intervention for management of hypertension in rural Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka- a qualitative study." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (January 19, 2023): e0280455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280455.
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Background COBRA-BPS (Control of Blood Pressure and Risk Attenuation-Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka), a multicomponent, community health-worker (CHW)-led hypertension management program, has been shown to be effective in rural communities in South Asia. This paper presents the acceptability of COBRA-BPS multicomponent intervention among the key stakeholders. Methods We conducted post-implementation interviews of 87 stakeholder including 23 community health workers (CHWs), 19 physicians and 45 patients in 15 rural communities randomized to COBRA-BPS multicomponent intervention in in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. We used Theoretical Framework for Acceptability framework (TFA) with a focus on affective attitude, burden, ethicality, intervention coherence, opportunity cost, perceived effectiveness and self-efficacy. Results COBRA-BPS multicomponent intervention was acceptable to most stakeholders. Despite some concerns about workload, most CHWs were enthusiastic and felt empowered. Physicians appreciated the training sessions and felt trusted by their patients. Patients were grateful to receive the intervention and valued it. However, patients in Pakistan and Bangladesh expressed the need for supplies of free medicines from the primary health facilities, while those in Sri Lanka were concerned about supplies’ irregularities. All stakeholders favoured scaling-up COBRA-BPS at a national level. Conclusions COBRA-BPS multicomponent intervention is acceptable to the key stakeholders in Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Community engagement for national scale-up of COBRA-BPS is likely to be successful in all three countries.
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Sharp, Kendall J., Charles C. South, Cherise Chin Fatt, Madhukar H. Trivedi, and Chad D. Rethorst. "Pilot Studies to Evaluate Feasibility of a Physical Activity Intervention for Persons With Depression." Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology 42, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2019-0248.
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Exercise reduces depressive symptoms and improves physical health in persons with depression. However, the interventions implemented in research studies require significant resources, limiting adoption into clinical practice and suggesting the need for more efficient interventions. In two nonrandomized pilot studies, the authors evaluated the feasibility of a multicomponent intervention (group educational sessions, Fitbit, and access to exercise facility) in adult persons with depression and breast cancer survivors with depression. The participants in both pilot studies completed 12 weeks of group educational sessions to increase physical activity levels, were provided with self-monitoring devices, and were provided access to on-site exercise facilities. Depressive symptoms significantly decreased postintervention, and over 90% of the participants reported that they had benefited from the intervention. These results indicate that implementing a multicomponent intervention is feasible and may reduce depressive symptoms and improve other psychosocial outcomes.
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Funada, Satoshi, Yan Luo, Ryuji Uozumi, Norio Watanabe, Takayuki Goto, Hiromitsu Negoro, Kentaro Ueno, et al. "Multicomponent Intervention for Overactive Bladder in Women." JAMA Network Open 7, no. 3 (March 13, 2024): e241784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.1784.
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ImportanceAlthough the cognitive components of behavioral therapy for overactive bladder (OAB) are widely recognized, there is a lack of studies evaluating the effectiveness of multicomponent interventions that include cognitive components as a treatment for OAB.ObjectiveTo examine the efficacy of a multicomponent intervention in improving health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for women with moderate to severe OAB.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial was conducted in Japan among women aged 20 to 80 years who had moderate to severe OAB. Participants were recruited from 4 institutions between January 16, 2020, and December 31, 2022, through self-referral via advertisement or referral from the participating institutions.InterventionsParticipants were randomized 1:1 by minimization algorithm using an internet-based central cloud system to four 30-minute weekly sessions of a multicomponent intervention or waiting list. Both groups continued to receive baseline treatment throughout the study period.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the least-squares mean changes from baseline through week 13 in HRQOL total scores of the OAB questionnaire between 2 groups. Secondary outcomes included OAB symptom score and frequency volume chart.ResultsA total of 79 women were randomized to either the intervention group (39 participants; mean [SD] age, 63.5 [14.6] years) or the waiting list control group (40 participants; mean [SD] age, 63.5 [12.9] years). One participant from each group dropped out from the allocated intervention, while 5 participants in the intervention group and 2 in the control group dropped out from the primary outcome assessment at week 13. Thirty-six participants (92.3%) in the intervention group and 35 (87.5%) in the control group had moderate OAB. The change in HRQOL total score from baseline to week 13 was 23.9 points (95% CI, 18.4-29.5 points) in the intervention group and 11.3 points (95% CI, 6.2-16.4 points) in the waiting list group, a significant difference of 12.6 points (95% CI, 6.6-18.6 points; P &lt; .001). Similar superiority of the intervention was confirmed for frequency of micturition and urgency but not for OAB symptom score.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings demonstrate that a multicomponent intervention improves HRQOL for women with moderate to severe OAB and suggest that the cognitive component may be an effective treatment option for women with OAB.Trial RegistrationUMIN Clinical Trials Registry Identifier: UMIN000038513
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Eckstein, Claudia, and Heinrich Burkhardt. "Multicomponent, nonpharmacological delirium interventions for older inpatients." Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie 52, S4 (October 18, 2019): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00391-019-01627-y.
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Abstract Background Older people represent a risk group for acquiring or further development of delirium during hospitalization, therefore requiring suitable nonpharmacological delirium interventions. Objective This scoping review analyzed nonpharmacological intervention programs for older inpatients with or without cognitive decline on regular or acute geriatric wards to present the range of interventions. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using scientific databases. A total of 4652 records were screened by two independent reviewers, leaving 81 eligible articles for full-text screening and 25 studies were finally included. Inclusion criteria were older patients ≥65 years in regular or acute geriatric wards and nonpharmacological multicomponent interventions. Results More than a half of the included studies (14, 56%) recruited patients with pre-existing cognitive decline as part of the study population and 12% focused exclusively on patients with cognitive decline. On average 11 intervention components were integrated in the programs and two programs included full coverage of all 18 identified components. Conclusion Only few programs were described for older inpatients and even fewer regarding pre-existing cognitive decline. The low numbers of interventions and data heterogeneity restricted the assessment of outcomes; however, delirium incidence, as reported by two thirds of the studies was reduced by nonpharmacological multicomponent interventions.
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Nakada, Tsubasa, Kayo Kurotani, Takako Kozawa, Satoshi Seino, Shinichi Murota, Miki Eto, Junko Shimasawa, et al. "A Real-Time Web-Based Intervention with a Multicomponent Group-Based Program for Older Adults: Single-Arm Feasibility Study." Healthcare 12, no. 23 (November 26, 2024): 2365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232365.
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Background/Objective: Frailty is a growing public health challenge in Japan’s rapidly aging population, where 28.8% are aged ≥ 65. While multicomponent interventions have shown potential in preventing frailty, traditional face-to-face programs face accessibility challenges. This study evaluated the feasibility and short-term changes of an online multicomponent intervention on frailty-related factors among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: In this single-arm feasibility study, 132 participants (mean age 75.7; standard deviation 4.8 years, 65.2% women) completed a six-week online intervention combining exercise, nutrition education, cognitive activities, and the Coimagination Method to foster social connections, meeting weekly for 75 min sessions in groups of up to 10 participants. Results: The intervention demonstrated feasibility with a 96.4% retention rate and a 94.0% average participation rate. While no significant changes were observed in physical activity levels, autonomic nervous system indicators, or cognitive function, carotenoid scores and hemoglobin concentration improved significantly, with more pronounced improvements among women than men. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the high feasibility of online multicomponent interventions for older adults and suggests potential benefits for nutritional status markers, particularly among women. These findings indicate a promising and accessible approach to frailty prevention, though randomized controlled trials with longer intervention periods and direct frailty assessments are required to establish effectiveness conclusively. Study Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000053089).
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Pizarro-Mena, Rafael, Samuel Duran-Aguero, Solange Parra-Soto, Francisco Vargas-Silva, Sebastian Bello-Lepe, and Mauricio Fuentes-Alburquenque. "Effects of a Structured Multicomponent Physical Exercise Intervention on Quality of Life and Biopsychosocial Health among Chilean Older Adults from the Community with Controlled Multimorbidity: A Pre–Post Design." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (November 28, 2022): 15842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315842.
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Structured multicomponent physical exercise (PE) for older adults, with a combination of strength, aerobic, flexibility, and balance exercises, has been shown to have benefits for physical, cognitive, social, and metabolic functioning, as well as counteracting chronic pathologies and geriatric syndromes. However, little is known about the effect of these interventions in Chilean older adults. Our objective was to determine the effect of a structured multicomponent PE intervention on the quality of life (QoL) and biopsychosocial factors of community-living older adults. We conducted a pre–post intervention without control group, with a face-to-face structured multicomponent PE intervention (cardiovascular, strength/power, flexibility, static and dynamic balance, other psychomotor components, and education), based on FITT-VP principles (frequency, intensity, type, time, volume, and progression of exercise), at moderate intensity, 60 min per session, three times per week, and 12 weeks in duration, among 45 persons with an average age of 70.74 years. Participants were evaluated at the beginning and end of the intervention with different instruments of comprehensive gerontological assessment (CGA). Post intervention, participants (83.70% average attendance) significantly improved scores in QoL, biological and biopsychosocial frailty, sarcopenia, functionality in basic, instrumental, and advanced activities of daily living, dynamic balance, cognitive status and mood, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, weight, body mass index, strength and flexibility clinical tests of lower and upper extremity, aerobic capacity, agility, and tandem balance. The indication and prescription of structured multicomponent PE based on FITT-VP principles, as evaluated with the CGA, improved the QoL and biopsychosocial health of older adults. This intervention could serve as a pilot for RCTs or to improve PE programs or services for older adults under the auspices of existing public policy.
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Oh, Gahee, Il-Young Jang, Heayon Lee, Hee-Won Jung, Eunju Lee, and Dae Hyun Kim. "LONG-TERM EFFECT OF A MULTICOMPONENT INTERVENTION ON PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE AND FRAILTY IN OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S919—S920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3351.
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Abstract Multicomponent interventions improve physical function and frailty in older adults, but their long-term benefit remains uncertain. We report the 30-month outcomes of a 24-week multicomponent intervention versus usual care in community-dwelling older adults. This prospective non-randomized study was conducted in 383 older Koreans (mean age, 76.8 years; female 72.3%) living alone or receiving medical aid in rural communities. Of these, 187 received a 24-week multicomponent intervention that consisted of group exercise, nutritional supplements, depression management, deprescribing, and home hazard reduction. The remaining 196 individuals received usual care. After 1:1 propensity score matching, we compared the short physical performance battery (SPPB) score (0-12 points), frailty phenotype scale (0-5 points), and deficit-accumulation frailty index (0-1) at 6, 18, and 30 months. Restricted mean survival time was estimated for death and institutionalization-free survival time at 30 months. The intervention group had higher SPPB scores than the comparison group at 6 months (difference 3.2; 95% CI, 2.5-3.8), 18 months (1.2; 95% CI, 0.5-1.9), and 30 months (1.1; 95% CI, 0.5-1.8). They had lower frailty phenotype scale (-0.6; 95% CI -0.9 to -0.3) and frailty index (-0.04; -0.07 to -0.02) only at 6 months, but similar scores at 18 and 30 months. Death and institutionalization-free survival time over 30 months was 28.5 months (95% CI, 27.7-29.3) in the intervention group versus 24.2 months (95% CI, 22.3-26.1) in the comparison group (difference, 5.2 months; 95% CI, 3.0-7.3). The 24-week multicomponent intervention showed sustained improvement in physical function for 30 months, but only temporary reduction in frailty.
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Jensen, Lorraine, Sarah M. Troster, Kimberly Cai, Avram Shack, Ying-Ju Ruby Chang, Dorothy Wang, Ji Soo Kim, Diva Turial, and Arlene S. Bierman. "Improving Heart Failure Outcomes in Ambulatory and Community Care: A Scoping Study." Medical Care Research and Review 74, no. 5 (June 26, 2016): 551–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077558716655451.
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Despite a large body of literature testing interventions to improve heart failure care, care is often suboptimal. This scoping study assesses organizational interventions to improve heart failure outcomes in ambulatory settings. Fifty-two studies and systematic reviews assessing multicomponent, self-management support, and eHealth interventions were included. Studies dating from the 1990s demonstrated that multicomponent interventions could reduce hospitalizations, readmissions, mortality, and costs and improve quality of life. Self-management support appeared more effective when included in multicomponent interventions. The independent contribution of eHealth interventions remains unclear. No studies addressed management of comorbidities, geriatric syndromes, frailty, or end of life care. Few studies addressed risk stratification or vulnerable populations. Limited reporting about intervention components, implementation methods, and fidelity presents challenges in adapting this literature to scale interventions. The use of standardized reporting guidelines and study designs that produce more contextual evidence would better enable application of this work in health system redesign.
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Rezola-Pardo, Chloe, Ana Rodriguez-Larrad, Julen Gomez-Diaz, Garbiñe Lozano-Real, Itxaso Mugica-Errazquin, Maria Jesus Patiño, Iraia Bidaurrazaga-Letona, Jon Irazusta, and Susana María Gil. "Comparison Between Multicomponent Exercise and Walking Interventions in Long-Term Nursing Homes: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Gerontologist 60, no. 7 (December 17, 2019): 1364–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz177.
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Abstract Background and Objectives There is evidence that exercise interventions counteract the functional and cognitive decline experienced by long-term nursing home (LTNH) residents. To determine the most effective exercise intervention, we compared the effects of a multicomponent exercise intervention and a walking intervention on physical and cognitive performance, habitual physical activity, affective function, and quality of life among older adults living in LTNHs. Research Design and Methods This 3-month single-blind randomized controlled trial (NCT03996083) involved 81 participants at 9 LTNHs randomly assigned to a multicomponent (MG) or a walking (WG) group. The MG participated in a twice-a-week individualized and progressive program composed of strength and balance exercises for 3 months. The WG was also individualized and participants walked up to 20 min per day. The primary outcome was the score on the short physical performance battery (SPPB). Secondary outcomes included other physical performance tests, habitual physical activity, cognitive performance, affective function, and quality of life. Results Compared with the WG, the MG group showed greater improvements in physical performance, including the SPPB (p < .05). No significant differences were observed in cognitive performance or habitual physical activity. Both groups showed improvements in anxiety and quality of life (p < .05). Discussion and Implications Although both interventions were effective in maintaining or improving affective function, the MG conferred greater improvements in physical function. Therefore, multicomponent interventions would be preferable over walking-only interventions. Otherwise, individualized and progressive walking interventions should be implemented to face the rapid decline in functionality encountered in LTNHs.
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Schaller, Andrea, and Carina Hoffmann. "Impact Model-Based Physical-Activity Promotion at the Workplace: Study Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study in Germany (KomRueBer Study)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (June 4, 2021): 6074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116074.
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There is great potential for the implementation of physical-activity measures at the workplace, especially in smaller companies. The present paper describes the study protocol for evaluating an impact-model-based multicomponent intervention promoting physical activity at the workplace within a cross-company network. The evaluation is based on a logic model focusing on outputs and short-term outcomes for the purpose of physical-activity promotion, physical-activity-related health competence, and knowledge about physical activity. A mixed-methods approach is applied. The quantitative evaluation is conducted as a natural design, and combines a retrospective evaluation of the acceptance, usage, and satisfaction (output) at the end of the measures, and two surveys that capture physical activity, knowledge about physical activity, and physical-activity-related health competence (outcome) of the employees in the form of a trend study. The qualitative evaluation comprises semistructured interviews to investigate knowledge of the existence of and attitude towards the content of the multicomponent intervention and the study. The challenges evaluating complex interventions are widely debated. Through an impact-model-based approach, the study will provide a promising framework for the systematic evaluation of a multicomponent intervention promoting physical activity.
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McDonough, Daniel J., Xiwen Su, and Zan Gao. "Health wearable devices for weight and BMI reduction in individuals with overweight/obesity and chronic comorbidities: systematic review and network meta-analysis." British Journal of Sports Medicine 55, no. 16 (March 17, 2021): 917–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-103594.
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ObjectiveTo analyse the comparative effectiveness of different health wearable-based physical activity (PA) promotion intervention strategies against each other and control for reducing body weight and body mass index (BMI) in individuals with overweight/obesity and chronic comorbidities.DesignSystematic review and network meta-analysis (PROSPERO identifier: CRD42020158191).Data sourcesWe performed two independent searches from December 2019 to September 2020 in PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases for articles published in English between 2007 and 2020.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesInclusion criteria were based on the PICOS framework. We included randomised controlled trials of health wearable-based interventions using two or more PA intervention arms/strategies and compared their effects on participants’ body weight (kg) and BMI (kg/m2) with a control group. Data were analysed using a Bayesian network meta-analysis to directly and indirectly compare the effects of the six different intervention strategies (comparators). The six comparators were: (1) control group (ie, usual care, waitlist); (2) comparison group (ie, traditional, non-health wearable PA interventions); (3) commercial health wearable-only intervention (eg, Fitbit, Polar M400); (4) research grade health wearable-only intervention (ie, accelerometers or pedometers); (5) multicomponent commercial health wearable intervention (eg, Fitbit + nutrition counselling); and (6) multicomponent research grade health wearable intervention. The results were reported as standardised mean differences (SMDs) with associated 95% credible intervals (CrIs).ResultsFrom 641 screened records, 31 studies were included. For body weight reduction in individuals with overweight/obesity and chronic comorbidities, accelerometer/pedometer-only (SMD −4.44, 95% CrI −8.94 to 0.07) and commercial health wearable-only (SMD −2.76, 95% CrI −4.80 to −0.81) intervention strategies were the most effective compared with the three other treatments and control. For BMI reduction, multicomponent accelerometer/pedometer (SMD −3.43, 95% CrI −4.94 to −2.09) and commercial health wearable-only (SMD −1.99, 95% CrI −4.95 to 0.96) intervention strategies were the most effective compared with the other four conditions.ConclusionHealth wearable devices are effective intervention tools/strategies for reducing body weight and BMI in individuals with overweight/obesity and chronic comorbidities.
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Garrote, Ariana, and Rachel Sermier Dessemontet. "Social Participation in Inclusive Classrooms: Empirical and Theoretical Foundations of an Intervention Program." Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 14, no. 3 (2015): 375–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1945-8959.14.3.375.
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Improving the social participation of children with special educational needs (SEN) is one of the central goals of inclusive education. However, studies consistently show that children with SEN included in general education classrooms are at risk of being socially excluded by their peers. Interventions are required to promote every child’s social participation. This article reviews skill-based, environment-based, and multicomponent interventions promoting the social participation of children with SEN included in general education classrooms. It then describes a multicomponent intervention program encompassing intervention strategies taking place at the individual, group, and teacher level. A first strategy is to provide pupils with opportunities to learn social skills in peer learning dyads. A second aims at forging a common group identity by holding regular group meetings to discuss common social goals. A third consists of supporting teachers to improve their feedback.
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Gyimah, Emmanuel, Patricia Kohl, Sherlie Dulience, Jenna Diaz, F. Matthew Kuhlmann, Fithi Embaye, Jennifer Nicholas, et al. "Grandi Byen—Integrated Responsive Parenting, Nutrition, and Hygiene for Child Growth and Development: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac072.013.
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Abstract Objectives Grandi Byen—to grow well in Haitian Creole—tests the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention encompassing nutrition, responsive parenting, and WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene) during the complementary feeding period on child growth and neurobehavioral development. Methods This study is a three-arm, longitudinal randomized controlled trial. Mothers/caregiver and their infants (ages 6–8 months at baseline) living in Cap-Haitien, Haiti (N = 600 dyads) will be randomly and equally assigned into the following groups: 1) standard well-baby care (control); 2) nutrition intervention (one egg per day for 6 months); and 3) multicomponent Grandi Byen intervention (one egg per day for 6 months + 12-week psychoeducational intervention on responsive parenting, nutrition, and WASH practices). Results Primary outcomes for this study are child growth (length-for-age-, weight-for-age-, and weight-for-length Z scores) and development (cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional). Secondary outcomes that are hypothesized as mediators to the primary outcomes are child health (bone maturation, brain growth, diarrheal morbidity and allergies, dietary intake, nutrient biomarkers) and parent-specific outcomes (responsive parenting and parental mental health). Targeted genomics will also highlight potential interactions between host genetics, enteric pathogens, gut microbiota, and overall child development. Findings will demonstrate the reproducibility and feasibility of egg-based interventions, while testing their impact on reducing child stunting and suboptimal development. Additionally, the multicomponent intervention will demonstrate whether stimulating care and WASH education induces any incremental benefits on child nutrition and developmental outcomes. Conclusions This project shifts from the norm of single-component nutrition interventions (e.g., single nutrient supplements and other food-based interventions) in child health research. The Grandi Byen concept approaches child well-being holistically by addressing poor child growth and development through nutrition along with proximal environmental and psychosocial determinants of child development. Funding Sources Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development (NICHD).
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Cimarolli, Verena, Richard Chunga, Kathrin Boerner, and Sara Czaja. "PRELIMINARY EFFICACY OF A MULTICOMPONENT INTERVENTION DESIGNED FOR LONG-DISTANCE FAMILY CAREGIVERS." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (December 2024): 724–25. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.2362.
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Abstract Research on family caregiving to older adults with dementia has produced a number of evidence-based interventions designed to reduce caregiver burden and negative mental health consequences of caregiving. However, almost all existing research has focused on geographically close caregivers and evidence-based interventions were designed and tested with these proximate caregivers, not considering the unique circumstances of long-distance family caregivers (LDCs) who live more than two hours away from their care recipient. Long-distance caregiving is a common and growing phenomenon. Like geographically close caregivers of persons living with dementia, LDCs experience significant caregiving burden and strains. Yet, there are no interventions designed to address the specific needs of LDCs and to reduce caregiver burden among LDCs. This project developed and feasibility tested such an intervention called LDCare - a 7-session remotely delivered multi-component intervention combining psychoeducation with peer support designed to reduce burden in LDCs. Forty LDCs participated in the intervention and feasibility study which used a one-arm pre-post-intervention trial design and administered several caregiver burden and strain measures pre- and immediately post-intervention. Non-parametric equivalents of paired t-tests (Wilcoxon tests) were run to determine changes on burden/strain measures from pre- to post-intervention. Results show significant reductions from pre- to post-intervention in caregiver burden (Zarit Burden Interview-12), family conflict, job caregiving conflict, and role captivity (Pearlin Scales), and in a 9-item scale assessing difficulty of providing care. This study provides preliminary evidence for the efficacy of a multi-component intervention specifically designed for the needs of LDCs and for reducing burden among LDCs.
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Shuhaimi, Syafiqah, and Azliyana Azizan. "The Effectiveness of Multicomponent Exercise Combined with Art Therapy on Balance, Stress and Anxiety Among Community Dwelling Elderly: A Pilot Study." Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences 9, no. 2 (September 1, 2024): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jchs.v9i2.22772.
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Introduction: According to the Department of Statistics Malaysia, the population aged 60 years and above has rose and Malaysia is estimated to be an aging country by 2030 as 15% of the population are elderly. As Malaysia's aging population increase, the physically inactive population increases. This study is to assess the effectiveness of eight weeks intervention of multicomponent exercise combined with art therapy on balance, stress, and anxiety among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A single randomized trial control pilot study was conducted on 37 community-dwelling older adults were randomly allocated into three groups (i) multicomponent exercise (Exercise, n=12), (ii) multicomponent exercise combined with art therapy (Combined, n=13), (iii) art therapy (Art, n=12). Participants were given tasks according to groups allocated and needed to complete the task within eight weeks. Balance performance was measured via Time Up and Go test (TUG), while stress and anxiety were assessed via components in the Bahasa Malaysia version of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (BM DASS-21). A repeated-measure ANOVA was used for data analysis. Results: Compared to the pre-intervention, all three groups showed a significant effect of time for balance performance, stress, and anxiety, (p<0.05) but no statistically significant differences in the three variables were found between the three groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Eight weeks intervention of multicomponent exercise combined with art therapy had shown positive effect on balance, stress, and anxiety among community dwelling older adults. This study recommends integrating multicomponent interventions into rehabilitation program among older adults by healthcare practitioner particularly physiotherapist to achieve healthy aging.
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Shaffer, Paige M., David Smelson, Abigail Helm, Ayorkor Gaba, Sarah Marcus, and Howard J. Shaffer. "Reentry Service Engagement Among a Reentry Population with Co-occurring Mental Health and Opioid Use Disorders in Massachusetts Jails." Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research 10 (November 28, 2023): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.12974/2313-1047.2023.10.08.
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Aim: Co-occurring opioid use and mental health disorders (COD) are common among people with criminal legal involvement. Reentry is a vulnerable period with low treatment engagement, often resulting in relapse, reincarceration, and overdose. While both linkage and multicomponent COD wraparound interventions have supported reentry, little is known about which are most effective for treatment engagement post release.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study included 293 nonrandomized persons involved in the criminal legal system enrolled in a multicomponent COD intervention (n=173) or a linkage only model (n=120) for treatment. Kaplan Meier Curves and Cox Proportional Hazards were computed to determine differences in engagement.
Results: Engagement was significantly different between interventions (X2=58.33, P <.0001). We observed a 73.3% reduction in hazard of early discharge for participants receiving the multicomponent COD intervention as compared to the linkage only model (P<.0001) and a higher 12-month engagement rate (51.5%) compared to the linkage only model (20.8%).
Conclusions: Future research should include a randomized controlled trial to examine factors that influence post-release engagement as well as treatment effects and outcomes. We suggest that programs consider both interventions and assess client reentry needs in advance of release to match to the best suited post-release COD treatment.
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Truong, Kim, Sandra Park, Margarita D. Tsiros, and Nikki Milne. "Physiotherapy and related management for childhood obesity: A systematic scoping review." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 14, 2021): e0252572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252572.
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Introduction Despite targeted efforts globally to address childhood overweight/obesity, it remains poorly understood and challenging to manage. Physiotherapists have the potential to manage children with obesity as they are experts in movement and physical activity. However, their role remains unclear due to a lack of physiotherapy-specific guidelines. This scoping review aims to explore existing literature, critically appraising and synthesising findings to guide physiotherapists in the evidence-based management of childhood overweight/obesity. Method A scoping review was conducted, including literature up to May 2020. A review protocol exists on Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/fap8g/. Four databases were accessed including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Medline via OVID, with grey literature searched through google via “file:pdf”. A descriptive synthesis was undertaken to explore the impact of existing interventions and their efficacy. Results From the initial capture of 1871 articles, 263 intervention-based articles were included. Interventions included qualitative focused physical activity, quantitative focused physical activity and multicomponent interventions. Various outcome measures were utilised including health-, performance- and behaviour-related outcomes. The general trend for physiotherapy involvement with children who are obese appears to favour: 1) multicomponent interventions, implementing more than one component with environmental modification and parental involvement and 2) quantitative physical activity interventions, focusing on the quantity of bodily movement. These approaches most consistently demonstrated desirable changes across behavioural and health-related outcome measures for multicomponent and quantitative physical activity interventions respectively. Conclusion When managing children with obesity, physiotherapists should consider multicomponent approaches and increasing the quantity of physical activity, given consistent improvements in various obesity-related outcomes. Such approaches are well suited to the scope of physiotherapists and their expertise in physical activity prescription for the management of childhood obesity. Future research should examine the effect of motor skill interventions and consider the role of environmental modification/parental involvement as factors contributing to intervention success.
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Simmons, Laura, Arwel W. Jones, Niro Siriwardena, and Christopher Bridle. "Interventions to reduce sickness absence among healthcare workers: a systematic review." International Journal of Emergency Services 8, no. 2 (August 5, 2019): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijes-05-2018-0028.
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Purpose Sickness absence is a major concern for healthcare services and their employees with healthcare workers having higher sickness absence rates compared to the general population. The purpose of this paper is to systematically review randomised control trials (RCTs) that aimed to reduce sickness absence among healthcare workers. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review was conducted that aimed to include RCTs with study participants who were employed in any part of the healthcare sector. This review included any type of intervention with the primary outcome measure being sickness absence. Findings Seven studies were included in the review and consisted of one exercise-only intervention, three multicomponent intervention programmes, two influenza vaccination interventions and one process consultation. Three studies (exercise-only, one multicomponent intervention programme and one influenza vaccination intervention) were able to demonstrate a reduction in sickness absence compared to control. Research limitations/implications Due to the lack of high-quality evidence, this review identified that there are currently no interventions that healthcare organisations are able to use to effectively reduce sickness absence among their employees. This review also highlights the importance of a standardised measure of sickness absence for healthcare staff, such as shifts. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first systematic review to synthesise such evidence among healthcare workers.
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Shrivastava, Usha, Mahrukh Fatma, Smriti Mohan, Padam Singh, and Anoop Misra. "Randomized Control Trial for Reduction of Body Weight, Body Fat Patterning, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight Worksite Employees in Delhi, India." Journal of Diabetes Research 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7254174.
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Background. We studied the impact of the multicomponent interventions on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight individuals working in corporate worksites.Methods. Overweight (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2) subjects were recruited from four randomised worksites [two active intervention (n, recruited, 180, completed 156) and two control (n, recruited 130, completed 111)]. Intensive intervention was given at intervention worksite.Results. High prevalence (%) of obesity (90.9, 80.2), abdominal obesity (93.5, 84.3), excess skinfold thickness (70.3, 75.9), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels (56.8, 63.7) were seen in the intervention and the control group, respectively. At the end of intervention, the following significant changes were observed in the intervention group: decrease in weight, BMI, waist circumference, serum triglycerides, and increase in HDL-c. Weight loss of more than 5% was seen in 12% and 4% individuals in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Most importantly, the sum of all the skinfold measurements (mm) in the intervention group decreased significantly more than the control group (12.51 ± 10.38 versus 3.50 ± 8.18, resp.).Conclusion. This multicomponent worksite trial showed a reduction in weight, excess subcutaneous fat, and cardiometabolic risk factors after 6 months of active intervention in overweight Asian Indians.Trial Registration. This trial is registered withNCT03249610.
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Nevid, Jeffrey S., and Rafael A. Javier. "Preliminary Investigation of a Culturally Specific Smoking Cessation Intervention for Hispanic Smokers." American Journal of Health Promotion 11, no. 3 (January 1997): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-11.3.198.
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Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare a culturally specific, multicomponent behavioral smoking cessation program for Hispanic smokers with a low-intensity, enhanced self-help control condition. Design. Participants who completed pretreatment assessment were randomly assigned to treatment conditions. Smoking status was evaluated at posttreatment, 6-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up intervals. Setting. The study was based in predominantly Hispanic neighborhoods in Queens, New York. Participants. Ninety-three Hispanic smokers participated: 48 men and 45 women. Intervention. The multicomponent treatment involved a clinic-based group program that incorporated a culturally specific component consisting of videotaped presentations of culturally laden smoking-related vignettes. The self-help control program was enhanced by the use of an introductory group session and follow-up supportive telephone calls. Measures. Smoking outcomes were based on cotinine-validated abstinence and self-reported smoking rates. Predictors of abstinence were examined, including sociodemographic variables, smoking history, nicotine dependence, acculturation, partner interactions, reasons for quitting, self-efficacy, and linguistic competence. Results. Significant group differences in cotinine-validated abstinence rates in favor of the multicomponent group were obtained, but only at posttreatment. With missing data included and coded for nonabstinence, validated abstinence rates at posttreatment were 21% for the multicomponent group and 6% for the self-help group. At the 6-month follow-up, the rates were 13% for the multicomponent group and 9% for the self-help group. By the 12-month follow-up, the rates declined to 8% and 7% for the multicomponent and self-help groups, respectively. A dose-response relationship between attendance at group sessions and abstinence status was shown at posttreatment and 6-month follow-up intervals. Conclusions. The results of the present study failed to show any long-term benefit from use of a clinic-based, culturally specific multicomponent smoking cessation intervention for Hispanic smokers relative to a minimal-contact, enhanced self-help control.
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Conijn, D., L. van Bodegom-Vos, WG Volker, BJA Mertens, HM Vermeulen, VAL Huurman, J. van Schaik, TPM Vliet Vlieland, and JJL Meesters. "A multicomponent intervention to decrease sedentary time during hospitalization: a quasi-experimental pilot study." Clinical Rehabilitation 34, no. 7 (May 31, 2020): 901–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215520920662.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effects of a multicomponent intervention to decrease sedentary time during and shortly after hospitalization. Design: This is a quasi-experimental pilot study comparing outcomes in patients admitted before and after the implementation of the intervention. Setting: The study was conducted in a university hospital. Subjects: Participants were adult patients undergoing elective organ transplantation or vascular surgery. Interventions: In the control phase, patients received usual care, whereas in the intervention phase, patients also received a multicomponent intervention to decrease sedentary time. The intervention comprised eight elements: paper and digital information, an exercise movie, an activity planner, a pedometer and Fitbit Flex™, a personal activity coach and an individualized digital training program. Measures: Measures of feasiblity were the self-reported use of the intervention components (yes/no) and satisfaction (low–high = 0–10). Main outcome measure was the median % of sedentary time measured by an accelerometer worn during hospitalization and 7–14 days thereafter. Results: A total of 42 controls (mean age = 59 years, 62% male) and 52 intervention patients (58 years, 52%) were included. The exercise movie, paper information and Fitbit Flex were the three most frequently used components, with highest satisfaction scores for the fitbit, paper information, exercise movie and digital training. Median sedentary time decreased from 99.6% to 95.7% and 99.3% to 91.0% between Days 1 and 6 in patients admitted in the control and intervention phases, respectively. The difference at Day 6 reached statistical significance (difference = 41 min/day, P = 0.01). No differences were seen after discharge. Conclusion: Implementing a multicomponent intervention to reduce sedentary time appeared feasible and may be effective during but not directly after hospitalization.
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Muñoz-Padros, Jordina, Maite Garolera, Anna Bartes, Sarah Anderson, Fabian Contreras-Briñez, Sonia Jimenez-Fuentes, Yemila Plana-Alcaide, and Quintí Foguet-Boreu. "Effectiveness of online psychological intervention for caregivers on the quality of life of people with Alzheimer disease: a randomized clinical trial protocol." International Journal of Clinical Trials 10, no. 3 (July 26, 2023): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20232195.
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Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a significant impact on the quality of life (QOL) and interventions aimed at their improvement show inconclusive results. Objectives were study protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent caregiver intervention on the QOL of persons with AD. Methods: The design is a randomized clinical trial with blinded assessment of response variables. Ninety-four dyads of informal caregivers and their relatives with AD will be recruited in the Osona and Ripollès territorial service of geriatrics and palliative care of the Consorci Hospitalari de Vic (Osona, Spain) and randomized into experimental (EG) and control group (CG). An 8-week online multicomponent psychological intervention including psychoeducation and mindfulness will be provided to the EG caregivers. The CG will perform the usual care. Outcome will be the QOL of persons with AD assessed with the QOL-AD. Conclusions: The multicomponent online caregiver research detailed in this protocol could be incorporated into health and care facilities for persons with AD and their families to improve caregiving and QOL.
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Sok, Sohyune, Seyoon Kim, Eunyoung Shin, Myeongshin Kim, and Youngmi Cho. "Effects of Multicomponent Oriental Integrative Intervention on Cognitive Function, Health Status, Life Satisfaction, and Yangsaeng of Community-Dwelling Elderly." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19 (September 24, 2022): 12113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912113.
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The elderly population in South Korea is rapidly increasing. The elderly living in the community are looking for alternative and complementary methods to improve their healthy longevity and quality of life. This study aimed to examine the effects of Multicomponent Oriental Integrative Intervention on the cognitive function, health status, life satisfaction, and Yangsaeng of the Korean elderly living in the community. A quasi-experimental study design using a pretest–posttest control group was employed. Study participants were a total of 74 elderly (intervention: n = 37, control: n = 37) in Seoul, South Korea. Multicomponent Oriental Integrative Intervention was scheduled to hold two sessions a week, a total of sixteen sessions in 8 weeks, lasting 60 min per session. The measures were the general characteristics of the study participants, the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K), the Korean health status measure for the elderly, the Korean elderly life satisfaction scale, and the Yangsaeng measurement tool. Data were collected from March 2022 to May 2022. There were statistically significant differences in cognitive function, health status, life satisfaction, and Yangsaeng between the two groups. Multicomponent Oriental Integrative Intervention might be an effective intervention for improving the cognitive function, health status, life satisfaction, and Yangsaeng of the elderly living in the community. Health care providers need to pay attention to Multicomponent Oriental Integrative Intervention for the elderly living in the community.
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Evans, Isabelle, Ria Patel, Charlotte R. Stoner, Mel Melville, and Aimee Spector. "A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions for Informal Caregivers of People Living with Dementia in Low and Middle-Income Countries." Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 3 (February 24, 2024): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs14030177.
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Objectives: With the increasing prevalence of dementia worldwide, there is a growing need for an integrated approach to dementia care. Little is known at present about the benefits of educational interventions for informal caregivers of people living with dementia (PLWD) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review aimed to identify and synthesise the current research on these interventions. Method: Four databases (PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Sciences and Scopus) were searched, alongside Google Scholar and reference lists. The Downs and Black checklist was used for quality assessment and data relating to intervention characteristics, outcomes, and educational component features were compared. Results: Eighteen papers detailing 17 studies were included. All studies presented found at least one significant outcome/effect. Study comparison was difficult due to diverse methodologies, intervention structures, and outcomes. Study quality was also variable. Four studies had education as the primary focus, and most interventions utilised multicomponent and group-based designs. Interventions that included group delivery tended to find more significant results than individual approaches. Intervention length did not appear to influence efficacy. Regular delivery and an average intervention dosage of around 12 h appeared most effective. Conclusions: Research into educational interventions for caregivers in LMICs appears to be promising and can help guide future interventions towards clinical implementation. A multicomponent group intervention trialled in Egypt provided particularly favourable findings. Future studies should focus on understanding the active mechanisms within such interventions to optimize their effectiveness. Collaboration between LMICs, high-income countries (HICs), and caregivers is crucial in developing interventions tailored to meet caregiver needs whilst accounting for feasibility and equity for dementia care worldwide.
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Rios-Escalante, Violeta, Juan Carlos Perez-Barba, Maria Claudia Espinel-Bermudez, Ana Bertha Zavalza-Gomez, Elva Dolores Arias-Merino, Maria G. Zavala-Cerna, Sergio Sanchez-Garcia, Xochitl Trujillo, and Arnulfo Hernan Nava-Zavala. "Effects of a Multicomponent Preventive Intervention in Women at Risk of Sarcopenia: A Pilot Study." Healthcare 12, no. 12 (June 13, 2024): 1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12121191.
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Sarcopenia is defined by the presence of decreased skeletal muscle mass, strength, and functionality in older people. Multicomponent interventions represent an alternative to non-pharmacological treatment for preventing disease progression. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a multicomponent intervention approach in women at risk of sarcopenia. Methods: A quasi-experimental pilot study of 12 weeks was conducted, with 24 sessions of dancing and resistance exercises and 12 sessions of nutritional education. The outcomes were changes in muscle mass, grip strength, gait speed, and body composition. The project was registered on Clinical Trials: NCT06038500 (14 September 2023). Results: Twelve women aged 55–75 years participated in this study; after the intervention, changes were found in the following variables: grip strength, from 18.70 (17.98–19.23) at baseline to 21.57 (20.67–23.16) kg (p = 0.002); gait speed, from 0.95 (0.81–1.18) at baseline to 1.34 (1.20–1.47) m/s (p = 0.003); and hip circumference, from 99.75 (94.75–110.37) at baseline to 97.65 (93.92–109.50) cm (p = 0.023). Other measurements that appeared without changes were appendicular skeletal muscle mass, from 21.17 (18.58–22.33) at baseline to 20.77 (18.31–22.39) kg (p = 0.875), and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index, from 8.64 (8.08–9.35) at baseline to 8.81 (7.91–9.38) kg/m2 (p = 0.875) after the intervention. Conclusions: The three-month multicomponent intervention in women at risk of sarcopenia improved their grip strength and gait speed.
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Kozlov, Elissa, Bahar Niknejad, and M. C. Reid. "Palliative Care Gaps in Providing Psychological Treatment: A Review of the Current State of Research in Multidisciplinary Palliative Care." American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® 35, no. 3 (August 8, 2017): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049909117723860.
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Background: Patients with advanced illness often have high rates of psychological symptoms. Many multicomponent palliative care intervention studies have investigated the efficacy of overall symptom reduction; however, little research has focused explicitly on how interventions address psychological symptoms associated with serious illness. Methods: The current study reviewed 59 multicomponent palliative care intervention articles and analyzed the mental health components of palliative care interventions and their outcomes in order to better understand the current state of psychological care in palliative care. Results: The majority of articles (69.5%) did not provide any details regarding the psychological component delivered as part of the palliative care intervention. Most (54.2%) studies did not specify which provider on the team was responsible for providing the psychological intervention. Studies varied regarding the type of outcome measure utilized; multi-symptom assessment scales were used in 54.2% of studies, mental health scales were employed in 25.4%, quality of life and distress scales were used in 16.9%, and no psychological scales were reported in 28.8%. Fewer than half the studies (42.4%) documented a change in a psychological outcome. Discussion and Conclusion: The majority of analyzed studies failed to describe how psychological symptoms were identified and treated, which discipline on the team provided the treatment, and whether psychological symptoms improved as a result of the intervention. Future research evaluating the effects of palliative care interventions on psychological symptoms will benefit from using reliable and valid psychological outcome measures and providing specificity regarding the psychological components of the intervention and who provides it.
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Medeiros, Larissa Borges, Juliana Hotta Ansai, Marcele Stephanie de Souza Buto, Verena De Vassimon Barroso, Ana Claudia Silva Farche, Paulo Giusti Rossi, Larissa Pires de Andrade, and Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros Takahashi. "Impact of a dual task intervention on physical performance of older adults who practice physical exercise." Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance 20, no. 1 (March 14, 2018): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2018v20n1p10.
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Physical exercises, especially multicomponent training, can improve cognitive functions and physical impairments in older adults. The aim this study was to purpose of this two-arm clinical trial was to investigate the effects of the addition of a dual task to multicomponent training on physical performances of community-dwelling older adults who practice physical exercise. Seventy-one older adults were divided into a control group (CG) and intervention group (IG). Participants of the CG performed isolated multicomponent training, participants of the IG performed multicomponent training associated with cognitive tasks and both protocols lasted 12 weeks. The assessment consisted of flexibility, handgrip strength, lower limb strength, balance, functional mobility and aerobic capacity. The CG presented greater flexibility than the IG, regardless of time. There was a worse performance in lower limb strength, regardless of group. The addition of a dual task to the multicomponent training was not able to improve physical performances of older adults. Further studies are needed to confirm whether the dual task training contributes to both cognitive and physical benefits in older adults who practice physical exercise.
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Teshome, Destaw Fetene, Shitaye Alemu, Tadesse Awoke Ayele, Asmamaw Atnafu, and Kassahun Alemu Gelaye. "Effect of health extension workers-led home-based multicomponent intervention on blood pressure reduction among hypertensive patients in rural districts of northwest Ethiopia: a cluster-randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 14, no. 8 (August 2024): e084029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084029.
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ObjectivesTo evaluate effects of health extension workers-led home-based multicomponent intervention on blood pressure change in hypertensive patients in rural districts of northwest Ethiopia.DesignTwo-arm cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted.ParticipantsHypertensive patients’ age ≥25 years were included. 20 clusters or kebeles with 456 participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (10 clusters with 228 participants) and the control group (10 clusters with 228 participants).InterventionsParticipants in the intervention kebeles received health extension workers-led home-based multicomponent interventions every other month for 40–60 min for 9 months.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcomes were the differences in mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) changes from baseline between patients in the intervention and control groups. Intention-to-treat analysis was used for the primary analyses. Linear mixed effect model was used to evaluate the intervention’s effect on change in mean SBP and DBP. Effect sizes of mean difference and relative benefit increase were used.ResultsAt 9 months, the mean SBP decreased by 15.8 mm Hg (95% CI: 13.5, 18.1) in the intervention and 10.8 mm Hg (95% CI: 8.7, 12.9) in the control groups; with a 5.0 mm Hg (95% CI: 1.9, 8.1) greater reduction in the intervention group. The mean DBP decreased by 12.1 mm Hg (95% CI: 10.6, 13.5) in the intervention and 8.4 mm Hg (95% CI: 7.0, 9.8) in the control group. The proportion of optimal blood pressure control was higher in the intervention group (45.8%) than the control group (28.2%) with percentage difference of 17.6% (95% CI: 8.5, 26.7).ConclusionsHealth extension workers-led home-based multicomponent intervention has resulted significant reduction of blood pressure and achieved a higher proportion of optimal blood pressure control. This strategy is effective, but further research is needed to determine its cost effectiveness for scaling up and integrating in primary care settings.Trial registrationThe trial is registered with Pan African clinical trial registry (PACTR202102729454417).
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Martínez-Velilla, Nicolas, Arkaitz Galbete, Albert Roso-Llorach, Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi, Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu, Mikel Izquierdo, Davide L. Vetrano, and Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga. "Specific multimorbidity patterns modify the impact of an exercise intervention in older hospitalized adults." Journal of Multimorbidity and Comorbidity 12 (January 2022): 263355652211454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26335565221145461.
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Background Different multimorbidity patterns present with different prognoses, but it is unknown to what extent they may influence the effectiveness of an individualized multicomponent exercise program offered to hospitalized older adults. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial conducted in the Department of Geriatric Medicine of a tertiary hospital. In addition to the standard care, an exercise-training multicomponent program was delivered to the intervention group during the acute hospitalization period. Multimorbidity patterns were determined through fuzzy c-means cluster analysis, over 38 chronic diseases. Functional, cognitive and affective outcomes were considered. Results Three hundred and six patients were included in the analyses (154 control; 152 intervention), with a mean age of 87.2 years, and 58.5% being female. Four patterns of multimorbidity were identified: heart valves and prostate diseases (26.8%); metabolic diseases and colitis (20.6%); psychiatric, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases (16%); and an unspecific pattern (36.6%). The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test improved across all patterns, but the intervention was most effective for patients in the metabolic/colitis pattern (2.48-point difference between intervention/control groups, 95% CI 1.60-3.35). Regarding the Barthel Index and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the differences were significant for all multimorbidity patterns, except for the psychiatric/cardio/autoimmune pattern. Differences concerning quality of life were especially high for the p sychiatric/cardio/autoimmune pattern (16.9-point difference between intervention/control groups, 95% CI 4.04, 29.7). Conclusions Patients in all the analyzed multimorbidity patterns improved with this tailored program, but the improvement was highest for those in the metabolic pattern. Understanding how different chronic disease combinations are associated with specific functional and cognitive responses to a multicomponent exercise intervention may allow further tailoring such interventions to older patients’ clinical profile.
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Zoski, Jennifer L., and Karen A. Erickson. "Multicomponent Linguistic Awareness Intervention for At-Risk Kindergarteners." Communication Disorders Quarterly 38, no. 3 (August 12, 2016): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1525740116660817.
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This study investigated the feasibility of multicomponent linguistic awareness intervention on early literacy skills in at-risk kindergarteners. Seventeen students, including native Spanish-speaking English language learners ( n = 10) and native English speakers ( n = 7), participated in a 6-week small-group therapy program, for a total of 12 intervention hours. Students received therapy in one of the following: phonological awareness and letter knowledge; morphological awareness; or a three-pronged intervention that addressed all three areas. Students demonstrated moderate to large gains in word reading ( d = 1.79–2.19), phonological awareness ( d = 0.73–1.59), morphological awareness ( d = 0.57–3.96), and morphological spelling ( d = 0.77–3.0). Analyses revealed no significant differences based on the type of intervention received. These results provide preliminary evidence for the feasibility of three-pronged linguistic awareness instruction for kindergarten students at risk for later reading difficulties, including English language learners, in intensive intervention programs.
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Baldwin, Steve, and Nick Heather. "Controlled smoking: Single case study with multicomponent intervention." Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 17, no. 4 (December 1986): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-7916(86)90066-2.
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Beal-Alvarez, Jennifer S., and Susan R. Easterbrooks. "Increasing Children’s ASL Classifier Production: A Multicomponent Intervention." American Annals of the Deaf 158, no. 3 (2013): 311–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aad.2013.0028.
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Rezola-Pardo, Chloe, Haritz Arrieta, Susana María Gil, Idoia Zarrazquin, José Javier Yanguas, Maria Antonia López, Jon Irazusta, and Ana Rodriguez-Larrad. "Comparison between multicomponent and simultaneous dual-task exercise interventions in long-term nursing home residents: the Ageing-ONDUAL-TASK randomized controlled study." Age and Ageing 48, no. 6 (October 9, 2019): 817–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz105.
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Abstract Background the potential benefits of dual-task interventions on older adults living in long-term nursing homes (LTNHs) from a multidimensional perspective are unknown. We sought to determine whether the addition of simultaneous cognitive training to a multicomponent exercise program offers further benefits to dual-task, physical and cognitive performance, psycho-affective status, quality of life and frailty in LTNH residents. Design: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Setting nine LTNHs in Gipuzkoa, Spain. Subjects 85 men and women (ACTRN12618000536268). Methods participants were randomly assigned to a multicomponent or dual-task training group. The multicomponent group performed two sessions per week of individualized and progressive strength and balance exercises for 3 months. The dual-task group performed simultaneous cognitive tasks to the same tasks as in the multicomponent group. Gait speed under single- and dual-task conditions, physical and cognitive performance, psycho-affective status, quality of life and frailty were measured at baseline and after 3 months of intervention. Results both groups showed clinically significant improvements on gait performance under single- and dual-task conditions and on the short physical performance battery (P < 0.05). Both interventions were effective in maintaining cognitive function (P > 0.05). Only the multicomponent group significantly improved quality of life, and reduced anxiety and Fried frailty score (P < 0.05). No group-by-time interactions were found except for the chair-stand test in favour of the multicomponent group (P < 0.05). Conclusions the addition of simultaneous cognitive training does not seem to offer significantly greater benefits to the evaluated multicomponent exercise program in older adults living in LTNHs.
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Roberts, David L., and Dawn I. Velligan. "Can Social Functioning in Schizophrenia Be Improved through Targeted Social Cognitive Intervention?" Rehabilitation Research and Practice 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/742106.
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Efforts to use cognitive remediation in psychosocial intervention for schizophrenia have increasingly incorporated social cognition as a treatment target. A distinction can be made in this work between “broad-based” interventions, which integrate social cognitive training within a multicomponent suite of intervention techniques and “targeted” interventions; which aim to enhance social cognition alone. Targeted interventions have the potential advantage of being more efficient than broad-based interventions; however, they also face difficult challenges. In particular, targeted interventions may be less likely to achieve maintenance and generalization of gains made in treatment. A novel potential solution to this problem is described which draws on the social psychological literature on social cognition.
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Niolon, Phyllis Holditch, Daniel J. Whitaker, Lynette Feder, Jacquelyn Campbell, Jan Wallinder, Shannon Self-Brown, and Sarah Chivers. "A multicomponent intervention to prevent partner violence within an existing service intervention." Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 40, no. 3 (June 2009): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0013422.
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Bergmann, Gabriel Gustavo, Lorena Rodrigues Silva, Franciéle da Silva Ribeiro, Vivian Hernandez Botelho, Gabriel Barros da Cunha, Gustavo Dias Ferreira, and Eraldo dos Santos Pinheiro. "Methodological approach of Sport and Health for Overweight children (SHOW) intervention study." Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde 26 (October 29, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.26e0224.
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Prevention and treatment of overweight among children have been a global challenge. A better understanding of different interventions to improve overweight children’s health is needed. This paper describes the methodological approach of Sport and Health for Overweight children (SHOW) study, which investigated the effects of a multicomponent intervention on health markers of overweight children. The SHOW study is a non-randomized clinical trial performed during 16 weeks enrolling 72 overweight children aged eight to 12 years in an intervention (IG = 35) and control group (CG = 37). It is a multicomponent intervention program including generalized sport initiation, health education, and weekly communication between parents and researchers. Besides characterizing the participants’, several health outcomes were analyzed in the SHOW study. Primary outcomes were accelerometer based physical activity and anthropometric indicators of overweight and obesity. Secondary outcomes were made up of cardiometabolic, fitness, behavioral, and psychological health indicators. We hypothesize that the SHOW study improves health outcomes and can be replicated in other settings as well as implemented by public policies.