Journal articles: 'Multiband and wideband antenna'

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Yadav, Dorik Narayan. "Study of Multiband DRA for Mobile communication." Himalayan Physics 5 (July 5, 2015): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hj.v5i0.12876.

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The explosive demand for mobile communication and information transfer using personal devices such as mobile phone or notebook computer has caused the need for major advancements of antenna design. With the development of 3G and 4G technologies multiband and wideband antennas operating at additional frequency band such as UMTS and LTE are required. In this chapter it is initially presented the fundamental parameters of antenna to be taken into account while designing an antenna and determining the operating frequency bands. Multiband antennas which are used especially in mobile unit are described. The techniques to make an antenna convenient for multiband operations are given. There different antennas such as monopoles, PIFA are examined with several examples in the literatures. In the last part, the types of wideband antennas (micros strip patch antenna, DRA of planer) used in mobile communication which are more appropriate for base station or access point applications are presented. The Himalayan Physics Vol. 5, No. 5, Nov. 2014 Page: 75-77

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Gupta, Ankush, Hem Dutt Joshi, and Rajesh Khanna. "An X-shaped fractal antenna with DGS for multiband applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 5 (September 9, 2016): 1075–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078716000994.

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In this paper, an X-shaped fractal antenna with defected ground structure (DGS) is presented for multiband and wideband applications. The X shape is used due to its simple design and DGS is utilized to achieve size reduction with multiband and wideband features in the frequency range of 1–7 GHz. The proposed structure is fabricated on FR4 substrate with 1.6 mm thickness. We have proposed two different antennas both are having X-shaped fractal patch with a slotted ground plane to have more impedance bandwidth and better return loss. Various parameters like scale factor, width of ground plane, number of slots with their dimensions and feed line length are optimized to have size reduction and for enhancing the performance of antenna. Reflection coefficient shows the multiband and wideband features of proposed antenna. One of the proposed antennas covers various applications like IEEE802.11y at 3.65 and 4.9 GHz, IEEE 802.11a at 5.4 GHz, 802.11P at 5.9 GHz. Other antenna covers applications like IEEE802.16 at 3.5 GHz; 5 cm band for amateur radio and satellite and future 5 G communication systems over 6 GHz. The antenna designing was done using CST software and simulation results were compared with experimental results (using E5071C network analyzer).

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Raj, Tej, Ranjan Mishra, Pradeep Kumar, and Ankush Kapoor. "Advances in MIMO Antenna Design for 5G: A Comprehensive Review." Sensors 23, no. 14 (July 12, 2023): 6329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23146329.

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Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology has emerged as a highly promising solution for wireless communication, offering an opportunity to overcome the limitations of traffic capacity in high-speed broadband wireless network access. By utilizing multiple antennas at both the transmitting and receiving ends, the MIMO system enhances the efficiency and performance of wireless communication systems. This manuscript specifies a comprehensive review of MIMO antenna design approaches for fifth generation (5G) and beyond. With an introductory glimpse of cellular generation and the frequency spectrum for 5G, profound key enabling technologies for 5G mobile communication are presented. A detailed analysis of MIMO performance parameters in terms of envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), mean effective gain (MEG), and isolation is presented along with the advantages of MIMO technology over conventional SISO systems. MIMO is characterized and the performance is compared based on wideband/ultra-wideband, multiband/reconfigurable, circular polarized wideband/circular polarized ultra-wideband/circular polarized multiband, and reconfigurable categories. The design approaches of MIMO antennas for various 5G bands are discussed. It is subsequently enriched with the detailed studies of wideband (WB)/ultra-wideband (UWB), multiband, and circular polarized MIMO antennas with different design techniques. A good MIMO antenna system should be well decoupled among different ports to enhance its performance, and hence isolation among different ports is a crucial factor in designing high-performance MIMO antennas. A summary of design approaches with improved isolation is presented. The manuscript summarizes the various MIMO antenna design aspects for NR FR-1 (new radio frequency range) and NR FR-2, which will benefit researchers in the field of 5G and forthcoming cellular generations.

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Idris, Izni Husna, Mohamad Rijal Hamid, Kamilia Kamardin, Mohamad Kamal A. Rahim, and Huda A. Majid. "A multiband and wideband frequency reconfigurable slotted bowtie antenna." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 19, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 1399. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i3.pp1399-1406.

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A multiband and wideband frequency reconfigurable antenna is presented. A wideband from 3.5 GHz to 9.0 GHz is achieved by introducing one stripline in the middle of a slotted bowtie antenna, whereas multiband is obtained by integrating an additional two slotted arms at the end of bowtie-shaped. As a result, the antenna operated at multiband mode (1.7 GHz and 2.6 GHz) and wideband mode (3.5 GHz to 9.0 GHz) simultaneously. The reconfigurability of the antenna is attained through switches. Five states are achieved with three pairs of switches configurations. All results are presented and discussed, including S11, current distribution, radiation pattern, and gain. The antenna is suitable to be used in multimode communication systems.

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Abraham, Jacob, Kirthika Natarajan, Senthilkumar Andi, Jemin Vijayaselvan Mariyarose, Manjunathan Alagarsamy, and Kannadhasan Suriyan. "Frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna for multiband applications." International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) 13, no. 2 (July 1, 2024): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijres.v13.i2.pp472-482.

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Wireless communication technology is well-established, and several antennas have been developed and produced specifically for this purpose. However, antenna performance and communication system development need to be enhanced in order to adapt to the present era. The performance of the antenna is significantly influenced by its design. Thus, this work produced a novel wideband antenna design via the use of a frequency reconfigurable approach. In the recommended study, microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) were used in wideband applications to switch frequencies using shunt-series microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The suggested antenna, which has two switches built into it, is tested in ON-ON, OFF-ON, and OFF-OFF switching scenarios. Radiation pattern, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), gain, bandwidth, and return loss are among the antenna performance metrics used to assess the suggested antenna's performance in each switching situation. The simulation findings suggest that the optimal antenna design for usage in wireless communication systems is one that works well with a shunt-series MEMS switch.

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Haider, N., D. Caratelli, and A. G. Yarovoy. "Recent Developments in Reconfigurable and Multiband Antenna Technology." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/869170.

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A comparative analysis of various reconfigurable and multiband antenna concepts is presented. In order to satisfy the requirements for the advanced systems used in modern wireless and radar applications, different multiband and reconfigurable antennas have been proposed and investigated in the past years. In this paper, these design concepts have been classified into three basic approaches: tunable/switchable antenna integration with radio-frequency switching devices, wideband or multiband antenna integration with tunable filters, and array architectures with the same aperture utilized for different operational modes. Examples of each design approach are discussed along with their inherent benefits and challenges.

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Dash, Rajib Kumar, Puspendu Bikash Saha, Dibyendu Ghoshal, and Gopinath Palai. "Design of triangular shaped slotted patch antennas for both wideband and multiband applications." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 68, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): 275–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-210098.

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In this article two fractal geometry-based slotted patch antennas are designed to achieve wideband response with multiband characteristics and reduced cross polarized radiation in both E- and H-plane for all the resonating bands. The proposed antennas are fed with microstrip line feeding formed on a FR4 substrate of size 0.25𝜆0 × 0.25𝜆0 × 0.02𝜆0 mm3 and loaded with a partial ground plane at the bottom of the substrate. HFSS is used to design and simulate both the antennas. Wideband behavior and impedance matching of Antenna-1 are improved by optimizing the factor of iteration and length of the ground plane. Due to addition of 3 identical split ring resonators (SRR) with the antenna geometry leads to achieve multiband response in Antenna-2. The dimensions of the SRR connectors and feedline have been optimized through parametric analysis to match the impedance properly at all the three resonating bands. It has been found that simulated and measurement results of both the antennas are properly matched.

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Kumar, Somesh, and Ms Monika. "Study of Effect of Variations in slot dimensions on Fractal Patch antenna Performance." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 1 (June 23, 2013): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v5i1.4385.

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An antenna is a device that is made to efficiently radiate and receive radiated Electromagnetic waves. Microstrip antennas are attractive due to their light weight, conformability and low cost. These antennas can be integrated with printed strip-line feed networks and active devices. This is a relatively new area of antenna engineering. For reducing the size of antenna, fractal geometries have been introduced in the design of patch antenna. Fractal antennas also called as space filling curves are very compact, multiband or wideband, and have useful applications in cellular telephone and microwave communications. In our research work, we have used IE3D software for designing the antenna. We study the effect of variations of slot dimensions on antenna performance so as to obtain good results. In this research work, four different fractal patch antennas are designed. The rectangular base geometry is same for the all four antennas but the elliptical slot dimensions differ. In simulation, S parameters of all four antennas are analyzed. From the S parameter displays, comparison of all four antennas is done on the basis of three parameters that are: Lowest frequency, Multiband and S11 values. The simulation results shows that as the elliptical slot dimension decreases on rectangular patch antenna, the performance of fractal patch antenna improves on the basis of three factors that are lowest frequency, multiband and s11 values.

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Nag, Vibha Raj, and Mrinal Sarvagya. "Review Paper on Different Dual Band Printed Slot Antenna for 5G Wireless Communication." International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) 7, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijict.v7i3.pp105-110.

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With advancement in communication technology over the past decade, there is an increasing demand for miniaturization, cost effective, multiband and wideband antennas. Dual band printed slot antenna designs can support in meeting these requirements. Various techniques, different shapes and geometries have been introduced for size reduction of dual band printed slot antennas. This paper is on various techniques for designing dual band printed slot antenna exhibits details of different geometries developed to get multiband behavior of printed slot antenna. In this paper geometry of the antenna and variousparameters such as return loss plot, gain plot, radiation pattern plot and VSWR plot are discussed. In this paper the review on various techniques of compactness by geometry on different shapes of printed slot antenna for 5G next generation wireless (NGW) mobile application are presented

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Wang, Y., M. Reit, and W. Mathis. "Entwurfskonzept einer Car2Car-Multiband-Dachantenne." Advances in Radio Science 10 (September 18, 2012): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-10-63-2012.

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Abstract. Due to the vastly increasing use of wireless services in the car, such as WiFi, Car2Car and LTE, the requirements on bandwidth and radiation pattern of the roof antenna systems become more challenging. In this work, a design concept for multi-band roof antenna systems is presented. We aim to get a higher bandwidth and an almost circular radiation pattern on the horizontal plane. Moreover, the antenna length is considered in order to fulfill the requirements set by construction ECE-regulations (ECE, 2010). The applicability of the design concept is not limited to multi-band roof antennas, it can also be used for a general wideband antenna design. For illustration of this concept, a multi-band roof antenna with a bandwidth of 780 MHz to 5.9 GHz and a near circular radiation pattern with an average gain of G = 3 dBi (at 5.9 GHz) on the horizontal plane is designed. The simulation and measurement results are presented.

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Al-Zabee, Ahmed Azeez Khudhair, Saba Qasim Jabbar, and Desheng Wang. "Fractal Antennas (Study and Review)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 15, no. 13 (November 30, 2016): 7387–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v15i13.31.

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In recent years, great demands for an antenna with many falsities like miniaturization, multiband and wideband antenna with high gain and low profile antenna for modern wireless communication services and applications. Fractal antenna paves the way for these requirements. In this survey, we will attempt to study and review the existing fractal antennas designs and to classify them with different techniques used and additional insight into these unique structures with the most used simulation softwares for designing of fractal antenna applications.

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T P Madhav, B., and M. Purna Kishore. "Bandwidth enhanced CPW fed elliptical wideband antenna with slotted defected ground structure." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.8 (March 19, 2018): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.8.10464.

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In this article, a simple curved elliptical coplanar wave guide fed antenna is proposed for wideband applications. An elliptical shaped model of multiband antenna is converted as notch band antenna with placement of slots in the radiating structure and by incorporating defected ground structure, bandwidth enhancement isattained in the proposed model. In short, the multiband antennais modelled in to wideband antenna with bandwidth of 17.8 GHz and impedance bandwidth of 67%.By placing defected ground structure adjacent to feed line on the ground plane, additional resonant frequencies are raised and enhancement in the bandwidth is obtained. The measured results are providing excellent correlation with simulation results obtained from HFSS and CST tools.

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Navarajan, J., M. R. Ebenezar Jebarani, and V. Gokula Krishnan. "Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch Antenna for Multiband Applications with Shunt-Series MEMS Switch." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 10, no. 12 (December 31, 2022): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v10i12.5893.

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The wireless communication system is well developed and lots of antennas are designed and fabricated for this application. Still, the evolution of the communication system, the performance of the antenna is required to enhance to adopt the present era. The design of the antenna is most important for the performance of the antenna. Therefore, this work is designed and developed a novel antenna design for wideband application by utilizing frequency reconfigurable technique. The proposed work utilized microstrip patch antenna for the application of wideband and the Shun-series MEMS switch is applied for switching the frequency. The proposed antenna is designed with two switches and investigated with the switching conditions like ON-ON, OFF-ON, and OFF-OFF. The performance of the proposed antenna is validated by utilizing the antenna performance metrices such as Return loss, bandwidth, gain, VSWR, and radiation pattern for each switching condition. The simulation results are shows that the proposed antenna design with shunt-series MEMS switch is effectively performed and it is most suitable for the application of wireless communication system..

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Sarade, Shrenik Suresh, and S. D. Ruikar. "A Different Shaped Radiating Element Wide Band Multi-Band Massive MIMO Antenna for 5G/WLAN applications with Enhanced Correlation Coefficient." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1187, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1187/1/012017.

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Abstract In this paper, a different shaped 8-element multiband multiple input multiple output (MIMO) massive antenna is investigated for 5G and various applications. It can be operated on various wireless communication application such as WLAN (5.15GHz to 5.30GHz and 5.73GHz to 5.85GHs) and 5G band & C-band (4 to 8GHz) for satellite communication with wideband. The 8-element Massive MIMO antenna is designed for 6GHz. This antenna is working on multiband with wideband bandwidth. The defected ground structure (DGS) systems are used for enhancement of return loss, isolation, total active reflection coefficients (TARC), correlation coefficients (CC) and envelope correlation coefficients (ECC). The rectangular shaped DGS is used in the ground plane for improvement of various parameter of antenna. This antenna provides return loss (RL) and isolation is less than -10dB.

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Rao, Neeraj, Ankit Malik, Rahul Kumar, Shobhit Goel, and Dinesh Kumar V. "Novel star-shaped fractal antenna for multiband applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 2 (November 23, 2015): 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078715001592.

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Fractals have unique properties such as self-similarity and space-filling. The use of fractal geometry in antenna design provides a good method for achieving the desired miniaturization, multi-band, and wideband properties. In this communication, novel fractal geometry is proposed based on which a multiband antenna is designed. The proposed antenna has fractal patches which are shaped as different iterations of an eight-pointed star. The multiband behavior is in the frequency range from 4.50 to 17.00 GHz. The proposed antenna is designed on a dielectric substrate Roggers RO4003 lossy with a dielectric constant of εr = 3.55. The antenna has applications in commercial and military communication system.

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Thuy. "A WIDEBAND ANTENNA ARRAY FOR RF ENERGY HARVESTING." Journal of Military Science and Technology, no. 72A (May 10, 2021): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.72a.2021.39-45.

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In this paper, we introduce a wideband antenna array for RF energy harvesting from 3G/4G and Wi-Fi. The array consists of four parallelly linked wideband antenna elements and a metallic reflector to enhance gain and suppress back lobe radiation. In measurement, the antenna array possesses a wide bandwidth spanning from 1.6 GHz to 2.5 GHz, fully cover the three harvested bands, and the high gains between 13.5 dBi and 14 dBi. The antenna is employed in a multiband rectenna for energy harvesting and placed in the ambience. The rectenna was able to collect up to 0.27 mW power.

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Ramalakshmi, Gudla, and P. Mallikarjuna Rao. "A Novel Metamaterial Inspired 2^nd Iteration Koch Fractal Antenna for Wi-Fi, WLAN, C band and X band Wireless Communications." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2062, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2062/1/012004.

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Abstract The rapid advancements in wireless technology desires compact, miniaturized, multiband and ultra wideband antennas. Fractal antennas have been proved as a source for fulfilling these demands. In this paper a 2nd order Koch fractal antenna of size 29.6 × 35.7mm2 designed on FR4-epoxy substrate material of dielectric constant (ɛr) 4.4 with a height of 1.6mm. This antenna is named as ANTENNA-1. To increase this antenna’s performance a meta material unit cell has been placed on the ground plane to serve multi band applications and is named as ANTENNA-2, which is the proposed antenna in this paper. The simulations have been carried out for both the antennas using ANSYS HFSS tool over the frequency sweep of (1-12GHz). The simulation results of proposed antenna producing 7 frequency bands which serves Wi-Fi, WLAN, C-band, and X band wireless communications. The simulation results like return loss, VSWR values have a good matching with the measured return loss, VSWR results of the fabricated antenna

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Park, Ikmo. "Application of metasurfaces in the design of performance-enhanced low-profile antennas." EPJ Applied Metamaterials 5 (2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjam/2018008.

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This paper presents a review of metasurface-based antennas conducted at the Microwave Communication Laboratory (MCL) of Ajou University in the Republic of Korea. In this paper, profile miniaturization, bandwidth enhancement, multiband operation, and radiation pattern control of metasurface-based antennas are considered. The paper first presents metasurface-based antennas implemented by placing various radiators on top of the metasurface. It then presents antennas implemented by placing the radiators below the metasurface with and without the ground plane. Metasurface-based antennas are not only able to achieve high efficiency with a low profile but they are also able to generate extra resonances from the metasurface structures, which significantly enhances the overall performance of the antennas. These additional resonances were utilized in multiband and/or wideband operations. In addition, the design of a planar compact wide-gain-bandwidth metasurface-based antenna and its radiation characteristics are presented at a terahertz (THz) frequency range. The THz antennas were designed with metasurfaces and a planar leaky-wave feeding structure. Finally, the outlook on future research at the MCL for antenna-related work and their applications using metasurfaces is provided.

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Shawan, Md Shafikul Islam, Md Abdullah Kawser, Fatema Tuz Zohra, Sorup Kumer Das, and Md Hazrat Ali. "Recent Advancements in Modern Antenna Design for Wearable Devices." Aug-Sept 2023, no. 35 (August 7, 2023): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jaimlnn.35.14.27.

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The rapid growth of wearable technologies within wireless body area networks (WBANs) has increased the demand for advanced wearable antennas. The human body's presence creates significant challenges for these antennas since it behaves differently as a wave propagation medium. It is necessary to prioritize specific requirements for antenna design, such as size, frequency, efficiency, wideband and multiband operation, because of body interaction and signal attenuation. The development of novel methodologies, the use of state-of-the-art fabrication methods, and the advancement of antenna designs have been the main areas of attention for researchers in this field in recent years. This research investigates contemporary advancements in wearable antennas, particularly emphasizing utilizing recent materials, fabrication processes, and new techniques. It also highlights the unique applicability of these antennas in advanced WBAN systems.

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Srishti, Sneha, Siddhi Jain, and Rahul Gowda. "Design and Analysis of MSPA using FR-4 Epoxy Dielectric for Wireless Broadband Application." Middle East Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 3, no. 1 (January 21, 2023): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/merjet.2023.v03i01.003.

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In modern communication devices, microstrip patch antennas are preferred to conventional antennas due to their size. In this review, a survey of commonly used techniques and designs for microstrip antennas is conducted. These techniques and designs were used by the authors to design an effective, low-profile, small, compatible, and affordable microstrip antenna. They were mostly used to design reconfigurable, multiband, and wideband antennas. After that, a initiator patch design with dimensions is provided on which technique will be used to analyze various antenna parameters. In recent years, research into microstrip patch antennas has made significant progress. Microstrip patch horns outperform conventional microstrip patches in a number of ways, including their low cost, ease of integration with integrated microwave circuits (MICs), low volume, small size, high performance, and low weight.

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Hussain, Niamat, Adnan Ghaffar, Syeda Iffat Naqvi, Adnan Iftikhar, Dimitris E. Anagnostou, and Huy H. Tran. "A Conformal Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna with Multiband and Wideband Characteristics." Sensors 22, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 2601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072601.

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A compact flexible multi-frequency antenna for smart portable and flexible devices is presented. The antenna consists of a coplanar waveguide-fed slotted circular patch connected to a rectangular secondary resonator (stub). A thin low-loss substrate is used for flexibility, and a rectangular stub in the feedline is deployed to attain wide operational bandwidth. A rectangular slot is etched in the middle of the circular patch, and a p-i-n diode is placed at its center. The frequency reconfigurability is achieved through switching the diode that distributes the current by changing the antenna’s electrical length. For the ON state, the antenna operates in the UWB region for −10 dB impedance bandwidth from 2.76 to 8.21 GHz. For the OFF state of the diode, the antenna operates at the ISM band (2.45/5.8 GHz), WLAN band (5.2 GHz), and lower X-band (8 GHz) with a minimum gain of 2.49 dBi and a maximum gain of 5.8 dBi at the 8 GHz band. Moreover, the antenna retains its performance in various bending conditions. The proposed antenna is suitable for modern miniaturized wireless electronic devices such as wearables, health monitoring sensors, mobile Internet devices, and laptops that operate at multiple frequency bands.

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Srivastava, Kunal, Ashwani Kumar, Binod K. Kanaujia, Santanu Dwari, and Sachin Kumar. "Multiband integrated wideband antenna for bluetooth/WLAN applications." AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 89 (May 2018): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2018.03.027.

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Chun, Joong-Chang. "Wideband cylindrical monopole antenna for multiband wireless applications." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 51, no. 1 (November 13, 2008): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.23981.

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Parkash, Davinder, and Rajesh Khanna. "Multiband rectangular-shaped ring antenna embedded with inverted S- and C-shaped strips for WLAN/WiMAX/UWB applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 7, no. 1 (April 1, 2014): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078714000440.

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This research work presents a microstrip-fed antenna that is small, low-profile, planar, and suitable for WLAN/WiMAX and partially ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The radiating element of the proposed antenna consists of rectangular-shaped ring embedded with a three inverted “S”-shaped and inverted “C”-shaped strips. This antenna is capable of generating penta bands having good impedance matching with wideband characteristics. Prototype of the proposed antenna has been designed, simulated, fabricated, and tested. The overall small size of the antenna is 24.75 mm × 27.39 mm × 1.6 mm with volumetric size of 1 cm3. To understand the characteristics of the proposed antenna, the parametric studies are being performed. The return loss of the proposed antenna shows fair agreement with the simulated and measured results.

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Gupta, Sumit Kumar, Bhawna Shukla, and Soma Das. "A Frequency Reconfigurable Fractal UWB Antenna Using Ground Stub and PIN." Advanced Engineering Forum 48 (January 10, 2023): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-20um91.

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A hexagonal shaped repeated loop structure with reconfigurable ground stub technique is proposed for ultra-wideband (UWB) application. Effects of repeated loops in the fractal structure and position of reconfigurable ground stub are optimized for ultra-wideband characteristics with better performance of the antenna. Two PIN diodes are used in the ground stub to achieve reconfigurability. The proposed fractal antenna is designed with FR4 substrate with an overall dimension of 40×44×1.6 mm3. The design shows frequency reconfiguration from Ultra-wideband characteristics to multiband for different possible switching conditions. The entire design is carried out in CST 2018 environment and the simulated results show that the proposed design is suitable for sub 6GHz wireless LAN, Bluetooth, WiMAX and other wireless applications.

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Liu, Bin, Jianghong Han, Songhua Hu, and Li Zhang. "Novel Multiband Metal-Rimmed Antenna for Wearable Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/319894.

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A novel multiband antenna with an unbroken metal rim for wearable applications is presented. In order to achieve a wideband behavior, minimizing at the same time the size of the clearance area on the antenna ground plane, a novel feeding structure is proposed. This is achieved by connecting the metal rim to the ground plane thus allowing generating one lower-frequency resonance without occupying a large area. An additional resonance is then obtained using a suitable shorting patch. In this way, the proposed antenna presents a broadband behavior, while the width of the clearance area on the ground plane is of only 2 mm. The antenna performances in free-space and on a human phantom simulating a human body are analyzed by means of numerical simulations. Finally, the specific absorption rate (SAR) is analyzed to establish the antenna reliability in wearable applications. The experimental results demonstrate superior and stable performances of the metal-rimmed antenna when it is employed in wearable applications.

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Mohan, Anand, and M. Sundararajan. "FRACTAL ANTENNA – WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NEW BEGINNING BREAKTHROUGH IN DIGITAL ERA." Acta Informatica Malaysia 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2020): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/aim.01.2020.01.06.

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In this digital era, we are subject to cellular gadgets, there has been an expanding demand in antennas that are smaller, conformal, and broadband. Fractal antenna wire utilizes a self-comparative structure to expand the length of a material in an all-out surface zone. Fractal Antenna Systems creates and constructs the smaller, most astounding execution Wideband/multiband antennas on the planet. These antennas are regularly two to multiple times smaller than conventional aerials, while accomplishing remarkable recurrence inclusion and magnificent gains and power designs. Fractal Antenna’s items have been demonstrated in the toughest business, military, and government applications. Fractal antennas apparatuses depend on mind boggling rehashing geometrical shape shaving novel traits that make them particularly significant for broadcast communications and different remote needs. Their requirements are not well met by Traditional antennas apparatuses. Applications for fractal geometries in cell gadgets have turned out to be hotly debated issues of research in science and building due to buyer request.

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Singh, Ajit Kumar, Santosh Kumar Mahto, Rashmi Sinha, Mohammad Alibakhshikenari, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi, Ashfaq Ahmad, Lida Kouhalvandi, Bal S. Virdee, and Mariana Dalarsson. "Low-Loss Paper-Substrate Triple-Band-Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Antenna for Sub-7 GHz Applications." Sensors 23, no. 21 (November 6, 2023): 8996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23218996.

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In this paper, a low-cost resin-coated commercial-photo-paper substrate is used to design a printed reconfigurable multiband antenna. The two PIN diodes are used mainly to redistribute the surface current that provides reconfigurable properties to the proposed antenna. The antenna size of 40 mm × 40 mm × 0.44 mm with a partial ground, covers wireless and mobile bands ranging from 1.91 GHz to 6.75 GHz. The parametric analysis is performed to achieve optimized design parameters of the antenna. The U-shaped and C-shaped emitters are meant to function at 2.4 GHz and 5.9 GHz, respectively, while the primary emitter is designed to operate at 3.5 GHz. The proposed antenna achieved peak gain and radiation efficiency of 3.4 dBi and 90%, respectively. Simulated and measured results of the reflection coefficient, radiation pattern, gain, and efficiency show that the antenna design is in favorable agreement. Since the proposed antenna achieved wideband (1.91–6.75 GHz) using PIN diode configuration, using this technique the need for numerous electronic components to provide multiband frequency is avoided.

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Kumar, Tarun, and Hamid Ali. "A Parabolic Planer Monopole Fractal Antenna with Koch." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 10 (October 31, 2022): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46941.

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Abstract: Modern telecommunication systems require antenna with wider bandwidth and smaller dimensions. Various antennas for wideband operation have been studied for communication and radar system. The fractal antennas are preferred due to small size, light weight and easy installation. In this paper a parabolic planer monopole antenna using the Koch based fractal geometry is introduced for multiband operation. The design achieves a good input impedance match and linear phase of S11 throughout the pass band (1—3.5 GHz and -10dB criterion for impedance bandwidth). The use of fractal pattern in this paper provides a simple and efficient method for obtaining the compactness. Various bands are 1.2GHz and 2.3 GHz. The antenna has a promising peak gain of 5.3 dBi with 5.5 dBi directivity in pass band. The pass band has VSWR in between 1 and 2. The proposed antenna has enormous high bandwidth (1.124GHz) that suits the many wireless applications like WLAN, Bluetooth, analog radio and GPS system and it can also be used for microwave devices communication.

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Velicheti, Swetha, and Mallikarjuna Rao Prudhivi. "Design of Log Periodic Dipole Array with FEM and FDTD Based Analysis for GSM, PCS, Industry Standard Medical and Wi-Fi Communication Applications." Ingénierie des systèmes d information 27, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 665–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/isi.270418.

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There is a need of low profile and multiband antennas in various fields of wireless communication lower band applications. Suitable gain with higher data rates for future communication modules in compact range is most challenging for design engineers. In this paper, Log Periodic Dipole Array antenna was designed and proposed for frequency range from 900 MHz to 2.6 GHz, operating frequency for the proposed antenna is 0.9 GHz (GSM), 2.1 GHz (PCS) and 2.4 GHz Industry standard Medical (ISM) and Wi-Fi applications. The modelled antenna constructed on FR4 substrate with height of 1.6mm, and analysed with electromagnetic simulation software like Magus, CST (Computer Simulation Technology) and HFSS (High Frequency structure simulator) tools. The proposed antenna has advantages like wideband, simple design, antenna results indicate the reflection coefficient value below -10dB for whole band from 900 MHz to 2600 MHz. The proposed antenna showing overall gain of 6 dB. Several antenna parameters are evaluated in Finite Element Method (FEM) and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) and provided comparative analysis in this work.

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Kumar, A., and A. P. S. Pharwaha. "Triple Band Fractal Antenna for Radio Navigation and Fixed Satellite Services using Dragonfly Optimization." Advanced Electromagnetics 8, no. 3 (June 10, 2019): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v8i3.1083.

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This study reports the design of a coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed triple band fractal antenna for radio navigation and fixed satellite services. Reported antenna has low profile, multiband and wideband performance which make it suitable for the radio navigation and fixed satellite services in S band, C bandand X band. Proposed antenna resonates at 2.6GHz, 4.4GHz, and 8.7 GHz having bandwidth of 0.2457GHz, 0.700GHz, and 4.1980 GHz respectively. Maximumgain for the resonating bands is 3.6 dB, 5.5 dB, and 7.3 dB respectively. Simulated performance parameter of proposed antenna is verified experimentally by testing the fabricated antenna. Measured and simulated results are in good agreement

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Kabir, Syed Salman, Mehedi Hassan Khan, and Saeed I. Latif. "A Multi-Band Circularly Polarized-Shared Aperture Antenna for Space Applications at S and X Bands." Electronics 12, no. 21 (October 28, 2023): 4439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12214439.

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In this article, a compact multiband antenna design and analysis is presented with a view of ensuring efficient uplink/downlink communications at the same time from a single antenna for CubeSat applications. This design shares the aperture of an S-band slot antenna to accommodate a square patch antenna operating in the X-band. Shared aperture antennas, along with an air gap and dielectric loading, provided good gain in both frequency bands. The S-band patch had an S11 = −10 dB bandwidth of 30 MHz (2013–2043 MHz, 1.5%), and the X-band antenna demonstrated a bandwidth of 210 MHz (8320–8530 MHz, 2.5%). The Axial Ratio (<3 dB) bandwidth of the slot antenna in the S-band is 7 MHz (2013–2020 MHz, 0.35%), and it is 67 MHz (8433–8500 MHz, 0.8%) in the case of patch antenna in the X-band. While the maximum gain in the S-band reached 7.7 dBic, in the X-band, the peak gain was 12.8 dBic. This performance comparison study shows that the antenna is advantageous in terms of high gain, maintains circular polarization over a wideband, and can replace two antennas needed in CubeSats for uplink/downlink, which essentially saves space.

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Sabban, Albert. "Novel Meta-Fractal Wearable Sensors and Antennas for Medical, Communication, 5G, and IoT Applications." Fractal and Fractional 8, no. 2 (February 6, 2024): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8020100.

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Future communication, 5G, medical, and IoT systems need compact, green, efficient wideband sensors, and antennas. Novel linear and dual-polarized antennas for 5G, 6G, medical devices, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, and healthcare monitoring sensors are presented in this paper. One of the major goals in the evaluation of medical, 5G, and smart wireless communication devices is the development of efficient, compact, low-cost antennas and sensors. Moreover, passive and active sensors may be self-powered by connecting an energy-harvesting unit to the antenna to collect electromagnetic radiation and charge the wearable sensor battery. Wearable sensors and antennas can be employed in smart grid applications that provide communication between neighbors, localized management, bidirectional power transfer, and effective demand response. A low-cost wearable antenna may be developed by etching the printed feed and matching the network on the same substrate in the printed antenna. Active modules may be placed on the same dielectric board. The antenna design parameters and a comparison between the computation and measured electrical performance of the antennas are presented in this paper. The electrical characteristics of the new compact antennas in the vicinity of the patient’s body were simulated by using electromagnetic simulation techniques. Fractal and metamaterial efficient antennas and sensors were evaluated to maximize the electrical characteristics of smart communication and medical devices. The dual- and circularly polarized antennas developed in this paper are crucial to the evaluation of wideband and multiband compact 5G, 6G, and IoT advanced systems. The new efficient sensors and antennas maximize the system’s dynamic range and electrical characteristics. The new efficient wearable antennas and sensors are compact, wideband, and low-cost. The operating resonant frequency of the metamaterial antennas with circular split-ring resonators (CSRRs) may be 5% to 9% lower than the resonant frequency of the sensor without CSRRs. The directivity and gain of the metamaterial fractal antennas with CSRRs may be up to 3 dB higher than the antennas without CSRRs. The directivity and gain of the metamaterial fractal passive sensors with CSRRs may be up to 8.5 dBi. This study presents new wideband active meta-fractal antennas and sensors. The bandwidth of the new sensors is around 9% to 20%. At 2.83 GHz, the receiving active sensor gain is 13.5 dB and drops to 8 dB at 3.2 GHz. The receiving module noise figure with TAV541 LNA is around 1dB.

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Lee, Chieh-Sen, Chi-Lin Tsai, and Chin-Lung Yang. "Novel Cross-Type Network for Wide-Tuning-Range Reconfigurable Multiband Antennas." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/741960.

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This paper presents a cross-type network design with a novel reconfigurable functionality to realize a tunable multiband antenna. By attaching a reconfigurable network at the feeding port of a broadband antenna, multi-input impedance adjustment enables the production of multimatching operating bands. Each band can be independently controlled by a single component with a considerably wide tuning range and high selectivity. The experiments in this study involved using an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna connected to the proposed cross-type network. The tunable antenna operates in a dual band offL(1.39 to 2.34 GHz) andfH(2.1 to 3.6 GHz) with tunable frequency ratios of 168% and 132%, respectively. The average bandwidths atfLandfHare approximately 50 MHz and 148 MHz, respectively, implying narrowband operation. The measured radiation pattern revealed that the tunable antenna exhibits a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern at both 1.8 and 3.5 GHz. The network circuit architecture can be extended to the multiband function type by adopting this matching approach. The amount of shunt matches determines the number of operation bands.

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Shaik, Latheef A., Chinmoy Saha, Jawad Y. Siddiqui, and Yahia M. M. Antar. "Ultra‐wideband monopole antenna for multiband and wideband frequency notch and narrowband applications." IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 10, no. 11 (August 2016): 1204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2016.0063.

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Dong, Qin, and Mo. "Low-Cost Multi-Objective Optimization of Multiparameter Antenna Structures Based on the l1 Optimization BPNN Surrogate Model." Electronics 8, no. 8 (July 26, 2019): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8080839.

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The development of modern wireless communication systems not only requires the antenna to be lightweight, low cost, easy to manufacture and easy to integrate but also imposes requirements on the miniaturization, wideband, and multiband design of the antenna. Therefore, designing an antenna that quickly and effectively meets multiple performance requirements is of great significance. To solve the problem of the large computational cost of traditional multi-objective antenna design methods, this paper proposes a backpropagation neural network surrogate model based on l1 optimization (l1-BPNN). The l1 optimization method tends to punish larger weight values and select smaller weight values so as to preserve a small amount of important weights and reset relatively unimportant weights to zero. By using l1 optimization method, the network mapping structure can be automatically adjusted to achieve the most suitable and compact structure of the surrogate model. Furthermore, for multi-parameter antenna design problems, a fast multi-objective optimization framework is constructed using the proposed l1-BPNN as a surrogate model. The framework is illustrated using a miniaturized multiband antenna design case, and a comparison with previously published methods, as well as numerical validation, is also provided.

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Dong, Xueshuang, Zhouying Liao, Jiabin Xu, Qibo Cai, and Gui Liu. "MULTIBAND AND WIDEBAND PLANAR ANTENNA FOR WLAN AND WIMAX APPLICATIONS." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 46 (2014): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl14050103.

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Nguyen, Hong Quang, and Minh Thuy Le. "Multiband Ambient RF Energy Harvester with High Gain Wideband Circularly Polarized Antenna toward Self-Powered Wireless Sensors." Sensors 21, no. 21 (November 8, 2021): 7411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21217411.

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In this work toward a sustainable operation of a self-powered wireless sensor, we investigated a multiband Wi-Fi/3G/4G/5G energy harvester based on a novel wideband circularly polarized antenna, a quadplexer, and rectifiers at four corresponding bands. This proposed antenna consisted of four sequentially rotated dual-dipoles, fed by a hybrid feeding network with equal amplitude and an incremental 90° phase delay. The feeding network was composed of three Wilkinson power dividers and Schiffman phase shifters. Based on the sequential rotation method, the antenna obtained a −10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidth of 71.2% from 1.4 GHz to 2.95 GHz and a 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 63.6%, from 1.5 GHz to 2.9 GHz. In addition, this antenna gain was higher than 6 dBi in a wide bandwidth from 1.65 GHz to 2.8 GHz, whereas the peak gain was 9.9 dBi. The quad-band rectifier yielded the maximum AC–DC conversion efficiency of 1.8 GHz and was 60% at −1 dBm input power, 2.1 GHz was 55% at 0 dBm, 2.45 GHz was 55% at −1 dBm, and 2.6 GHz was 54% at 0.5 dBm, respectively. The maximum RF–DC conversion efficiency using the wideband circularly polarized antenna was 27%, 26%, 25.5%, and 27.5% at −6 dBm of input power, respectively.

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Bist, Sunil, and Dr Rajveer Singh Yaduvanshi. "Investigations into Hybrid Magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) Antenna." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 4, no. 2 (October 30, 2005): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v4i2b2.3306.

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Dielectric Resonator Antennas (DRAs) have received lots of attention in the last two decades due to several attractive characteristics such as high radiation efficiency, light weight, and low profile. There is also increasing challenges for the design of high bandwidth and multi-bands antennas which can be achieved using MHD Antennas for high speed and reconfigurable applications in wireless communication. In this work the objective is to design and develop a cylindrical MHD antenna with circular patch and two annular rings. Magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) Antenna is a Fluid based Antenna in which the fluid resonator provides excellent coupling of RF energy into fluid. Fluid resonator volume, chemical properties, electric field and magnetic fields are the factors of resonant frequency, gain and return loss. The proposed antenna shall be tuned in the wide band of frequency range between 7.9 â€“ 27 GHz. Simulations using HFSS and measurements have been carried out in respect of design prototype for â€˜Airâ€™ and BSTO (Barium Strontium Titanate Oxide) microwave fluid. The findings in this work that the Fluid Resonator based hybrid approach for antenna enhances the bandwidth by a large factor and annular rings with circular patch in proper geometry provides multiband operation. Variation in the volume of the fluid shifts the resonant frequency of the solid structure in the wideband. When magnetic field is applied, significant improvement has been noticed in return loss of the proposed antenna.

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Nejdi, Ibrahime Hassan, Youssef Rhazi, Mustapha Ait Lafkih, Seddik Bri, and Lamsalli Mohammed. "A novel multi-resonant and wideband fractal antenna for telecommunication applications." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 4 (August 1, 2022): 3850. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i4.pp3850-3858.

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This letter presents the design, simulation, and measurement of a novel multiband fractal circular antenna for wireless applications. In the antenna design, we used a circular antenna where we took a ring. Then, in the first iteration, we added a new ring divided into two of the same size. For the second iteration, we added a ring of the same size after dividing it into two halves. In the third iteration, we added the third ring of the same size after dividing it into four. Due to the resonator defection, we were able to reduce the size of the starting antenna from 60×70×2 mm3 to 50×50×1.6 mm3, to get the frequency of 2.48 GHz, and we generated new bandwidths with a high gain that reaches 5.02 dB. The proposed antenna radiation characteristics, such as the impedance matching, the gain, the radiation pattern, and the surface current distribution are presented and discussed. We find that the simulated and measured results are in acceptable agreement and affirm the good performance of the proposed antenna. The results obtained affirm that the proposed fractal antenna is a better candidate for integration into wireless communication circuits.

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Rao, B. Venkateshwar, and Sunita Panda. "Design and Analysis of Compact Multiband Patch Antennas Using Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure for Wideband Applications." International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/ijcsmc.2020.v09i01.001.

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This article presents the structural design of compact multiband operational antenna system using electromagnetic band gap (EBG) periodic structures. The proposed design is analyzed for covering WLAN and C band applications with resonating frequencies of 3.32, 4.81 and 6.9 GHz respectively. The antenna designed shows a good approximation to achieve a better return loss and other antenna parameters like bandwidth, gain, directivity and efficiency. The compact antenna suggested is grounded on a substrate material of FR4 epoxy having relative permittivity of 4.4 & dielectric loss tangent of 0.02 maintained with a height of 1.6mm. When periodic EBG structures are placed on either side of the feed line provide enhance in the antenna parameters by suppressing surface waves. The optimal position of EBG structures are analyzed using parametric analysis, which is placed at a distance (g) of 1.45mm on both sides from the feed line. It is observed that, there is an improvement in return loss of 9 dB when compared to the antenna structure of without EBG structure. The entire antenna design performance is analyzed using high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) tool.

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Mrityunjay, Kumar, Chandan, Tiwari Parimal, and Singh Umesh. "Dual-band microstrip patch antenna for IoT application." i-manager’s Journal on Electronics Engineering 12, no. 3 (2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jele.12.3.18963.

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Internet of Things (IoT) primarily based application requires integration with the wireless communication technology to make the application data with ease available. In this paper, a modified 12 mm x 16 mm x 1.6 mm micro strip patch antenna has been proposed for IoT applications at 2.4 Giga Hertz (GHz) in the Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) band. This wideband antenna is designed using Flame Retardant4 (FR4) material as the substrate. The multiband operating characteristics have been achieved by radiating strips to the 50 feed line. Proposed wideband antenna covers frequencies ranging from 1.8 GHz to 3 GHz and 5.3 GHz to 6.9 GHz for -10 dB return loss. The results are analyzed and discuss in term of return loss, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), efficiency and gain. The proposed design has a maximum losses of -31.59 dB at 2.4 GHz and -16.94 dB at 6 GHz. The developed antenna can be useful for several wireless communication applications, such as 2.4 GHz Bluetooth, Wireless Local-Area Network (WLAN) (2.4/5.8 GHz), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) (5.5 GHz), ISM band and IoT applications.

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Kim, Sang-Hyeong, Zhe-Jun Jin, Yoon-Byung Chae, and Tae-Yeoul Yun. "Small Internal Antenna Using Multiband, Wideband, and High-Isolation MIMO Techniques." ETRI Journal 35, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4218/etrij.13.0112.0183.

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Abutarboush, H. F., H. Nasif, R. Nilavalan, and S. W. Cheung. "Multiband and Wideband Monopole Antenna for GSM900 and Other Wireless Applications." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 11 (2012): 539–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2012.2198429.

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Zhang, X., Y. Song, Z. H. Yan, J. B. Jiang, and Y. Y. Xia. "Design of Wideband Microstrip-Fed Plannar Monopole Antenna for Multiband Applications." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 22, no. 11-12 (January 2008): 1623–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939308786390193.

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Ji, Jeong Keun. "Compact multiband antenna employing wideband dual ZOR for mobile handset applications." ICT Express 3, no. 2 (June 2017): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2017.05.001.

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Ebnabbasi, Khabat, and Marjan Mohebbi. "A Compact Multiband and Wideband Bioinspired Antenna for Wireless Mobile Devices." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 55, no. 12 (September 23, 2013): 3019–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.27993.

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Lee, Won-Woo, and Seokjin Hong. "A multiband and wideband antenna using RF switch for mobile application." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 57, no. 6 (March 27, 2015): 1491–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.29122.

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Januszkiewicz, Łukasz, Paolo Di Barba, Łukasz Jopek, and Sławomir Hausman. "Many-Objective Automated Optimization of a Four-Band Antenna for Multiband Wireless Sensor Networks." Sensors 18, no. 10 (October 2, 2018): 3309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18103309.

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This paper describes a new design and an optimization framework for a four-band antenna to be used in wireless sensor networks. The antenna is designed to operate effectively in two open frequency bands (ISM—Industrial, Scientific, Medical), 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz, as well as in two bands allocated for the fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks, 0.7 GHz and 3.5 GHz. Our initial design was developed using the trial and error approach, modifying a circular disc monopole antenna widely used in ultra wideband (UWB) systems. This initial design covered the three upper bands, but impedance matching within the 700 MHz band was unsatisfactory. The antenna performance was then improved significantly using an optimization algorithm that applies a bi-objective fully-Paretian approach to its nine-parameter geometry. The optimization criteria were impedance matching and radiation efficiency. The final design exhibits good impedance matching in all four desired bands with the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) value below 2 and radiation efficiency of 88%. The simulated antenna performance was verified experimentally.

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Saluja, Nitin, and Rajesh Khanna. "Design analysis and fabrication of novel coplanar waveguide -fed hybrid fractal-based Broadband antenna." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 5, no. 6 (August 7, 2013): 749–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078713000706.

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In this paper, a new compact hybrid fractal antenna with ultrawideband (UWB) behavior is proposed. Two merged fractals shapes, i.e. Sierpinski carpet and Sierpinski Gasket fed with coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed make patch as multiband and broadband antenna. The antenna is optimized using particle swarm optimization for side length of Sierpenski Gasket fractal and bandwidth. The overall width of the patch is taken as a parameter for optimizing bandwidth. The total size of presented antenna is 59 × 29 mm2. The antenna resonates at 2–5.2 GHz, so that wideband operation is observed. Antenna with this type of characteristics can be used when UWB response at lower frequencies is required. Sierpenski Gasket performs two functions in the proposed design, i.e. to radiate as well as impedance transformer to Sierpenski carpet. The proposed design presents novelty in design to achieve proper impedance matching to edge of Sierpenski carpet design with CPW feed by making Sierpenski Gasket as impedance transformer.

Journal articles on the topic 'Multiband and wideband antenna'

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