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Journal articles on the topic 'Multiaxial fatigue of rubber'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 27 April 2023

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1

Poisson, J. L., S. Méo, F. Lacroix, G. Berton, and N. Ranganathan. "MULTIAXIAL FATIGUE CRITERIA APPLIED TO A POLYCHLOROPRENE RUBBER." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 85, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3672431.

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Abstract Due to their interesting mechanical behavior and their diversity, rubber materials are more and more used in industry. Indeed, formulating a multiaxial fatigue criterion to predict fatigue lives of rubber components constitutes an important objective to conceive rubber products. An experimental campaign is developed here to study the multiaxial fatigue behavior of polychloroprene rubber. To reproduce multiaxial solicitations, combined tension–torsion tests were carried out on a dumbbell-type specimen (an axisymmetric rubber part bonded to metal parts with a reduced section at mid-height), with several values of phase angles between tension and torsion. A constitutive model is needed to calculate multiaxial fatigue criteria, and then analyze fatigue results. A large strain viscoelastic model, based on the tension–torsion kinematics, is then used to determine the material's stress–strain law. Dissipated energy density is introduced as a multiaxial fatigue criterion, and compared with those usually used in the literature. A multiaxial Haigh diagram is then built to observe the influence of Rd-ratio (ratio of the axial displacement's minimum to the axial displacement's maximum) on the multiaxial fatigue lives of polychloroprene rubber.

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2

Mars, W. V. "Multiaxial Fatigue Crack Initiation in Rubber." Tire Science and Technology 29, no. 3 (July 1, 2001): 171–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2135237.

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Abstract This paper describes a new model for predicting multiaxial fatigue crack initiation in rubber. The work is motivated by a need to predict crack initiation life in tires, based on strain histories obtained via finite element analysis. The new model avoids the need to explicitly include cracks in the finite element model, and applies when the cracks are small compared to the strain gradient. The model links the far-field strain state to the energy release rate of an assumed intrinsic flaw. This is accomplished through a new parameter, the cracking energy density. The cracking energy density is the portion of the total elastic strain energy density that is available to be released on a given material plane. The model includes an algorithm to select the material plane which minimizes the life prediction for a given strain history. The consequences of the theory for simple strain histories are presented, as well as predictions for more complicated histories. The theory is compared with published data, and with new results from recent combined axial/torsion fatigue experiments.

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3

ZINE, A., N. BENSEDDIQ, M. NAIT ABDELAZIZ, N. AIT HOCINE, and D. BOUAMI. "Prediction of rubber fatigue life under multiaxial loading." Fatigue Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 29, no. 3 (March 2006): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2005.00989.x.

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4

SAINTIER, N., G. CAILLETAUD, and R. PIQUES. "Multiaxial fatigue life prediction for a natural rubber." International Journal of Fatigue 28, no. 5-6 (May 2006): 530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2005.05.011.

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5

Ranganathan, Narayanaswami. "The Energy Based Approach to Fatigue." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 821–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.821.

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This paper presents the energy based approaches developed to describe different aspects of fatigue. Different topics covered include fatigue crack initiation, crack initiation at a notch, multiaxial fatigue and fatigue crack propagation. Specific examples treated include, crack initiation at a notch, cracking at solder joint in electronic application, fatigue life estimation in a synthetic rubber and fatigue crack propagation in a metallic material.

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6

Wang, Y. P., X. Chen, and W. W. Yu. "Microscopic mechanism of multiaxial fatigue of vulcanised natural rubber." Plastics, Rubber and Composites 40, no. 10 (December 2011): 491–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743289811y.0000000012.

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7

Tobajas, Rafael, Daniel Elduque, Elena Ibarz, Carlos Javierre, and Luis Gracia. "A New Multiparameter Model for Multiaxial Fatigue Life Prediction of Rubber Materials." Polymers 12, no. 5 (May 23, 2020): 1194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12051194.

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Most of the mechanical components manufactured in rubber materials experience fluctuating loads, which cause material fatigue, significantly reducing their life. Different models have been used to approach this problem. However, most of them just provide life prediction only valid for each of the specific studied material and type of specimen used for the experimental testing. This work focuses on the development of a new generalized model of multiaxial fatigue for rubber materials, introducing a multiparameter variable to improve fatigue life prediction by considering simultaneously relevant information concerning stresses, strains, and strain energies. The model is verified through its correlation with several published fatigue tests for different rubber materials. The proposed model has been compared with more than 20 different parameters used in the specialized literature, calculating the value of the R2 coefficient by comparing the predicted values of every model, with the experimental ones. The obtained results show a significant improvement in the fatigue life prediction. The proposed model does not aim to be a universal and definitive approach for elastomer fatigue, but it provides a reliable general tool that can be used for processing data obtained from experimental tests carried out under different conditions.

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8

MARS, W., and A. FATEMI. "Multiaxial stress effects on fatigue behavior of filled natural rubber." International Journal of Fatigue 28, no. 5-6 (May 2006): 521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2005.07.040.

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9

Zine, A., N. Benseddiq, and M. Naït Abdelaziz. "Rubber fatigue life under multiaxial loading: Numerical and experimental investigations." International Journal of Fatigue 33, no. 10 (October 2011): 1360–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2011.05.005.

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10

Poisson, J. L., S. Méo, F. Lacroix, G. Berton, M. Hosséini, and N. Ranganathan. "COMPARISON OF FATIGUE CRITERIA UNDER PROPORTIONAL AND NON-PROPORTIONAL MULTIAXIAL LOADING." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 91, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 320–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.18.82696.

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ABSTRACTOwing to their interesting mechanical behavior and their diversity, rubberlike materials are more and more used in the industry. Previous works (Poisson et al.) presented an important experimental investigation on the multiaxial fatigue of polychloroprene rubber, with both proportional and non-proportional combinations of tension and torsion loads (with a large range of loads and three different phase angles: 0°; 90°, 180°). A fatigue criterion, based on the dissipated energy density (DED) was introduced. Comparing this parameter to the most important criteria available on literature—which are the strain energy density (SED), the cracking energy density (CED), and the Eshelby tensor—in their accuracy allows one to predict fatigue life of rubberlike material. All the predictors are computed with an analytical viscoelastic model based on the kinematics of a combined tension and torsion loading applied on a cylinder. This cylinder represents the central part of the axisymetric dumbbell specimen, and the model was identified with a polychloroprene rubber. It is finally shown that the DED and CED reach more conclusive results, provided the structure, the material, and the loads investigated.

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11

MARS, W. V., and A. FATEMI. "Multiaxial fatigue of rubber: Part I: equivalence criteria and theoretical aspects." Fatigue Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 28, no. 6 (June 2005): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2005.00891.x.

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12

MARS, W. V., and A. FATEMI. "Multiaxial fatigue of rubber: Part II: experimental observations and life predictions." Fatigue Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 28, no. 6 (June 2005): 523–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2005.00895.x.

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13

SAINTIER, N., G. CAILLETAUD, and R. PIQUES. "Crack initiation and propagation under multiaxial fatigue in a natural rubber." International Journal of Fatigue 28, no. 1 (January 2006): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2005.03.006.

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14

VERRON, E., and A. ANDRIYANA. "Definition of a new predictor for multiaxial fatigue crack nucleation in rubber." Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 56, no. 2 (February 2008): 417–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2007.05.019.

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15

Mars, W. V. "Cracking Energy Density as a Predictor of Fatigue Life under Multiaxial Conditions." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 75, no. 1 (March 1, 2002): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547670.

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Abstract Rubber parts in service often experience complex strain histories that can cause mechanical failure. The ability to predict the effects of complex strain histories on fatigue life is therefore a critical need. This paper presents recent results of cyclic, combined tension/torsion fatigue experiments, and compares them with predictions based on a new parameter, the Cracking Energy Density. The Cracking Energy Density is the stored elastic energy density that is available to a crack on a given material plane, and can be calculated for an arbitrarily complex strain history. The ability of Cracking Energy Density to predict the fatigue life and cracking plane is evaluated for both in-phase and out-of-phase histories of combined axial and shear strain.

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16

Rublon, Pierre, Bertrand Huneau, Erwan Verron, Nicolas Saintier, Stéphanie Beurrot, Adrien Leygue, Cristian Mocuta, Dominique Thiaudière, and Daniel Berghezan. "Multiaxial deformation and strain-induced crystallization around a fatigue crack in natural rubber." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 123 (June 2014): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2014.04.003.

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17

Belkhiria, Salma, Adel Hamdi, and Raouf Fathallah. "Cracking energy density for rubber materials: Computation and implementation in multiaxial fatigue design." Polymer Engineering & Science 60, no. 9 (July 7, 2020): 2190–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.25462.

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18

Moon, Seong-In, Chang-Su Woo, and Wan-Doo Kim. "Study on the Determination of Fatigue Damage Parameter for Rubber Component under Multiaxial Loading." Elastomers and Composites 47, no. 3 (September 30, 2012): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.7473/ec.2012.47.3.194.

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19

Ayoub, G., M. Naït-abdelaziz, F. Zaïri, and J. M. Gloaguen. "Multiaxial fatigue life prediction of rubber-like materials using the continuum damage mechanics approach." Procedia Engineering 2, no. 1 (April 2010): 985–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2010.03.107.

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20

Luo, Robert Keqi. "Effective stress criterion for rubber multiaxial fatigue under both proportional and non-proportional loadings." Engineering Failure Analysis 121 (March 2021): 105172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.105172.

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21

Mars, W. V., and A. Fatemi. "Nucleation and growth of small fatigue cracks in filled natural rubber under multiaxial loading." Journal of Materials Science 41, no. 22 (October 17, 2006): 7324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0962-2.

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22

Le Cam, Jean-Benoît, Bertrand Huneau, and Erwan Verron. "Fatigue damage in carbon black filled natural rubber under uni- and multiaxial loading conditions." International Journal of Fatigue 52 (July 2013): 82–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2013.02.022.

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23

Ebbott, T. G. "An Application of Finite Element-Based Fracture Mechanics Analysis to Cord-Rubber Structures." Tire Science and Technology 24, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 220–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2137520.

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Abstract A finite element-based method to analyze the severity of internal cracks in cord-rubber structures is presented. The method includes materials testing to characterize rubber fatigue behavior, a global-local finite element analysis to provide the detail necessary to model explicitly an internal crack, and use of the J-integral and virtual crack closure techniques for energy release rate evaluation. Analysis of the multiaxial and cyclic fracture situation is carried out by considering the cycle of each mode of fracture separately and then combining the effect of each mode to determine the total effect. Crack growth rates in the structure are assumed to be the same as the crack growth rate in a laboratory specimen at the same level of cyclic energy release rate. Results are presented for a material change in a critical tire region.

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24

Gosar, Ales, Marko Nagode, and Simon Oman. "Continuous fatigue damage prediction of a rubber fibre composite structure using multiaxial energy-based approach." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 42, no. 1 (August 20, 2018): 307–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ffe.12908.

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25

Mars, W. V., and A. Fatemi. "The Correlation of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates in Rubber Subjected to Multiaxial Loading Using Continuum Mechanical Parameters." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 80, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3548164.

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Abstract Although both the crack nucleation and growth stages of the fatigue failure process in rubber are manifestations of the same characteristic material behavior, the nucleation stage deserves special attention. In this case, continuum mechanical parameters may be used to characterize the driving forces of small cracks, without reference to the geometry of the test piece. The ability to estimate crack driving forces from continuum mechanical parameters during the growth process of small cracks has been investigated by correlating three different parameters (maximum principal strain, strain energy density, and cracking energy density) to rates of crack growth observed photographically during fatigue tests on initially uncracked specimens. Significant scatter in crack growth rates was observed resulting from high crack density and crack interactions. These results are also compared to crack growth measurements made on a pure shear (planar tension) test piece. The difference between continuum parameters that refer to a specific material plane, and those that do not is emphasized. Generally, the maximum principal strain and cracking energy density parameters provided similar levels of correlation. The strain energy density parameter consistently gave the poorest correlation. An advantage of the cracking energy density is that it considers the experiences of specific planes embedded in the material (i.e. it is a plane-specific parameter).

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26

Ayoub, G., M. Naït-Abdelaziz, F. Zaïri, J. M. Gloaguen, and P. Charrier. "A continuum damage model for the high-cycle fatigue life prediction of styrene-butadiene rubber under multiaxial loading." International Journal of Solids and Structures 48, no. 18 (September 2011): 2458–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2011.04.003.

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27

Mars, William V., Yintao Wei, Wang Hao, and Mark A. Bauman. "Computing Tire Component Durability via Critical Plane Analysis." Tire Science and Technology 47, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 31–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/tire.19.150090.

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ABSTRACT Tire developers are responsible for designing against the possibility of crack development in each of the various components of a tire. The task requires knowledge of the fatigue behavior of each compound in the tire, as well as adequate accounting for the multiaxial stresses carried by tire materials. The analysis is illustrated here using the Endurica CL fatigue solver for the case of a 1200R20 TBR tire operating at 837 kPa under loads ranging from 66 to 170% of rated load. The fatigue behavior of the tire's materials is described from a fracture mechanical viewpoint, with care taken to specify each of the several phenomena (crack growth rate, crack precursor size, strain crystallization, fatigue threshold) that govern. The analysis of crack development is made by considering how many cycles are required to grow cracks of various potential orientations at each element of the model. The most critical plane is then identified as the plane with the shortest fatigue life. We consider each component of the tire and show that where cracks develop from precursors intrinsic to the rubber compound (sidewall, tread grooves, innerliner) the critical plane analysis provides a comprehensive view of the failure mechanics. For cases where a crack develops near a stress singularity (i.e., belt-edge separation), the critical plane analysis remains advantageous for design guidance, particularly relative to analysis approaches based upon scalar invariant theories (i.e., strain energy density) that neglect to account for crack closure effects.

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28

Ayoub, G., M. Naït-Abdelaziz, and F. Zaïri. "Multiaxial fatigue life predictors for rubbers: Application of recent developments to a carbon-filled SBR." International Journal of Fatigue 66 (September 2014): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2014.03.026.

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29

Abrate, S. "The Mechanics of Short Fiber-Reinforced Composites: A Review." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 59, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 384–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538207.

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Abstract Proper constitutive equations and transformation laws to describe short-fiber-reinforced composites have been reviewed. The mechanisms of load transfer between matrix and fibers have been presented. Micromechanics analyses were discussed in order to predict mechanical properties of the composite given those of the constituents. Such approaches have been used successfully for cord-rubber and particulate-filled elastomeric composites. The use of such methods for short-fiber reinforcement has been limited so far. The problem is more complex in this case, but the need for a reliable method is even stronger in order to evaluate the influence of a parameter change on the various mechanical properties. Elastomeric composites pose a greater change due to the large ratio of fiber-to-matrix moduli, and predictions may not always be accurate. However, the interest of micromechanics approaches is that they allow determination of the effect of a perturbation in the parameters about a given level. Areas for future work include the development of micromechanics methods to determine viscoelastic constants and strength under various loading conditions. The development of a multiaxial strength criterion is needed, and basic fatigue failure mechanisms have to be studied.

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30

Xu, Zongchao, Stephen Jerrams, Hao Guo, Yanfen Zhou, Liang Jiang, Yangyang Gao, Liqun Zhang, Li Liu, and Shipeng Wen. "Influence of graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes on the fatigue properties of silica/styrene-butadiene rubber composites under uniaxial and multiaxial cyclic loading." International Journal of Fatigue 131 (February 2020): 105388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2019.105388.

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31

Luo, Robert Keqi. "Effective strain criterion under multimode and multiaxial loadings – A rubber S–N curve with the scatter-band factor of 1.6 from 90 fatigue cases." Express Polymer Letters 16, no. 2 (2022): 130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2022.11.

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32

Ayoub, G., M. Naït-Abdelaziz, F. Zaïri, J. M. Gloaguen, and P. Charrier. "Fatigue life prediction of rubber-like materials under multiaxial loading using a continuum damage mechanics approach: Effects of two-blocks loading and R ratio." Mechanics of Materials 52 (September 2012): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2012.03.012.

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33

Shang, De Guang, Guo Qin Sun, Jing Deng, and Chu Liang Yan. "Multiaxial Fatigue Damage Models." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 747–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.747.

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Two multiaxial damage parameters are proposed in this paper. The proposed fatigue damage parameters do not include any weight constants, which can be used under either multiaxial proportional loading or non-proportional loading. On the basis of the research on the critical plane approach for the tension-torsion thin tubular multiaxial fatigue specimens, two multiaxial fatigue damage models are proposed by combining the maximum shear strain and the normal strain excursion between adjacent turning points of the maximum shear strain on the critical plane. The proposed multiaxial fatigue damage models are used to predict the fatigue lives of the tension-torsion thin tube, and the results show that a good agreement is demonstrated with experimental data.

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34

Ellyin, Fernand. "Multiaxial Fatigue--A Perspective." Key Engineering Materials 345-346 (August 2007): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.205.

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Research on the fatigue resistance of mechanical components/structures has been proceeding for nearly a century and a half. Yet, there is no universally agreed upon theory that can predict most aspects of fatigue failure. The reason is the complexity of phenomenon and its dependence on the microstructure. Here, we present a strain energy based damage parameter which has an underlying microscopic basis. A master life curve is subsequently defined which correlates very well with experimental data.

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35

Socie, D. "Multiaxial Fatigue Damage Models." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 109, no. 4 (October 1, 1987): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3225980.

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Two multiaxial fatigue damage models are proposed: a shear strain model for failures that are primarily mode II crack growth and a tensile strain model for failures that are primarily mode I crack growth. The failure mode is shown to be dependent on material, strain range and hydrostatic stress state. Tests to support these models were conducted with Inconel 718, SAE 1045, and AISI Type 304 stainless steel tubular specimens in strain control. Both proportional and non-proportional loading histories were considered. It is shown that the additional cyclic hardening that accompanies out of phase loading cannot be neglected in the fatigue damage model.

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36

Ellyin, F., and K. Golos. "Multiaxial Fatigue Damage Criterion." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 110, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3226012.

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A multiaxial fatigue failure criterion is proposed based on the strain energy density damage law. The proposed criterion is hydrostatic pressure sensitive; includes the effect of the mean stress, and applies to materials which do not obey the idealized Masing type description. The material constants can be evaluated from two simple test results, e.g., uniaxial tension, and torsion fatigue tests. The predicted results are compared with biaxial tests and the agreement is found to be fairly good. A desirable feature of this criterion is its unifying nature for both short and long cyclic lives. It is also consistent with the crack initiation and propagation phases of the fatigue life, in the sense that both of these phases can be related to the strain energy density either locally or globally.

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37

Chateauminois, Antoine. "Multiaxial fatigue and fracture." Tribology International 34, no. 10 (October 2001): 725–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-679x(01)00060-3.

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38

Ainsworth, R. A. "Multiaxial Fatigue and Fracture." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 77, no. 7 (June 2000): 435–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-0161(00)00039-9.

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39

Hales, R. "Multiaxial creep-fatigue rules." Nuclear Engineering and Design 153, no. 2-3 (January 1995): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(94)00832-j.

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40

Hales, R., and R. A. Ainsworth. "Multiaxial creep–fatigue rules." Nuclear Engineering and Design 153, no. 2-3 (January 1995): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(95)90017-9.

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41

Radhakrishnan, V. M. "Multiaxial fatigue — An overview." Sadhana 20, no. 1 (February 1995): 103–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02747286.

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42

Lu, Chun, Jiliang Mo, Ruixue Sun, Yuanke Wu, and Zhiyong Fan. "Investigation into Multiaxial Character of Thermomechanical Fatigue Damage on High-Speed Railway Brake Disc." Vehicles 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vehicles3020018.

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The multiaxial character of high-speed railway brake disc thermomechanical fatigue damage is studied in this work. Although the amplitudes and distributions of temperature, strain and stress are similar with uniform and rotating loading methods, the multiaxial behavior and out-of-phase failure status can only be revealed by the latter one. With the help of a multiaxial fatigue model, fatigue damage evaluation and fatigue life prediction are implemented, the contribution of a uniaxial fatigue parameter, multiaxial fatigue parameter and out-of-phase failure parameter to the total damage is discussed, and it is found that using the amplitude and distribution of temperature, stress and strain for fatigue evaluation will lead to an underestimation of brake disc thermomechanical fatigue damage. The results indicate that the brake disc thermomechanical fatigue damage belongs to a type of multiaxial fatigue. Using a uniaxial fatigue parameter causes around 14% underestimation of fatigue damage, while employing a multiaxial fatigue parameter without the consideration of out-of-phase failure will lead to an underestimation of about 5%. This work explains the importance of studying the thermomechanical fatigue damage of the brake disc from the perspective of multiaxial fatigue.

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43

Liu, Jianhui, Xin Lv, Yaobing Wei, Xuemei Pan, Yifan Jin, and Youliang Wang. "A novel model for low-cycle multiaxial fatigue life prediction based on the critical plane-damage parameter." Science Progress 103, no. 3 (July 2020): 003685042093622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850420936220.

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Multiaxial fatigue of the components is a very complex behavior. This analyzes the multiaxial fatigue failure mechanism, reviews and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the classic model. The fatigue failure mechanism and fatigue life under multiaxial loading are derived through theoretical analysis and formulas, and finally verified with the results of multiaxial fatigue tests. The model of multiaxial fatigue life for low-cycle fatigue life prediction model not only improves the prediction accuracy of the classic model, but also considers the effects of non-proportional additional hardening phenomena and fatigue failure modes. The model is proved to be effective in low-cycle fatigue life prediction under different loading paths and types for different materials. Compared with the other three classical models, the proposed model has higher life prediction accuracy and good engineering applicability.

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44

Li, C. G., and P. S. Steif. "Multiaxial Cyclic Response of Filled Rubber." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 73, no. 2 (May 1, 2000): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547584.

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Abstract Cyclic response of filled rubber to simultaneous combinations of shear and extension is studied experimentally. Both in-phase (elastic) and out-of-phase (dissipative) portions of the response are measured for simple shear, uniaxial tension, and combinations of the two. As noted by other researchers, the response is nonlinear, with a strong dependence on strain amplitude. However, it is shown that the response to tension and to combinations of strains can be approximately related to the response to simple shear. Such correlations are useful in predicting the response of rubber-based components subjected to complex strain cycles when only experimental data on shear is available.

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45

Wang, Lei, Wu Zhen Li, and Tian Zhong Sui. "Review of Multiaxial Fatigue Life Prediction Technology under Complex Loading." Advanced Materials Research 118-120 (June 2010): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.118-120.283.

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The research on multiaxial fatigue life prediction methods is reviewed in the present paper from two aspects of experiment and theory. It is pointed out that the reasonable methods of the critical plane determining, multiaxial cycle counting and multiaxial fatigue damage parameter fixing are necessary if the fatigue life prediction models established under the multiaxial constant amplitude loading were applied to the life prediction of the complex multiaxial load. The shortcomings of existing researches are discussed. In the aspect of experiment, it is devoid of the multiaxial fatigue test that the loading components acted with different frequencies, and in the aspect of theory, the additional hardening effect of the multiaxial out-of-frequency loading is not considered. Both in the theoretical research and practical engineering applications, the problem of the out-of-frequency multiaxial loading is a pressing issue.

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Zhao, Er Nian, and Wei Lian Qu. "Multiaxial Fatigue Life Prediction of Metallic Materials Based on Critical Plane Method under Non-Proportional Loading." Key Engineering Materials 730 (February 2017): 516–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.730.516.

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The critical plane method is widely discussed because of its effectiveness for predicting the multiaxial fatigue life prediction of metallic materials under the non-proportional loading conditions. The aim of the present paper is to give a comparison of the applicability of the critical plane methods on multiaxial fatigue life prediction. A total of 205 multiaxial fatigue test data of nine kinds of metallic materials under various strain paths are adopted for the experimental verification. Results shows that the von Mises effective strain parameter and KBM critical plane parameter can give well predicted fatigue lives for multiaxial proportional loading conditions, but give poor prediction lives evaluation for multiaxial non-proportional loading conditions. However, FS parameter shows better accuracy than the KBM parameter for multiaxial fatigue prediction for both proportional and non-proportional loading conditions.

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Karolczuk, Aleksander, and Ewald Macha. "Critical Planes in Multiaxial Fatigue." Materials Science Forum 482 (April 2005): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.482.109.

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The paper includes a review of literature on the multiaxial fatigue failure criteria based on the critical plane concept. The criteria were divided into three groups according to the distinguished fatigue damage parameter used in the criterion, i.e. (i) stress, (ii) strain and (iii) strain energy density criteria. Each criterion was described mainly by the applied the critical plane position. The multiaxial fatigue criteria based on two critical planes seem to be the most promising. These two critical planes are determined by different fatigue damage mechanisms (shear and tensile mechanisms).

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Alexander Araújo, José, Gabriel Magalhães Juvenal Almeida, Fábio Comes Castro, and Raphael Araújo Cardoso. "Multiaxial High Cycle Fretting Fatigue." MATEC Web of Conferences 300 (2019): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930002002.

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The aim of this work is to show that multiaxial fatigue can be successfully adpted to model fretting problems. For instance, the paper presents (i) the critical direction method, as an alternative to the critical plane concept, to model the crack initiation path under fretting conditions and (ii) studies on size effects considering the influence of incorporating fretting wear on the life estimation. A wide range of new data generated by a two actuators fretting fatigue rig considering Al 7050-T7451 and of Ti-6Al-4V aeronautical alloys is produced to validate these analyses. It is shown that, the development of appropriate tools and techniques to incorporate the particularities of the fretting phenomenon into the multiaxial fatigue problem allow an accurate estimate of the fretting fatigue resistance/life in the medium high cycle regime. Such tools and techniques can be extended to the design of other mechanical components under similar stress enviroments.

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Fernando, U. S., K. J. Miller, and M. W. Brown. "COMPUTER AIDED MULTIAXIAL FATIGUE TESTING." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 13, no. 4 (July 1990): 387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1990.tb00609.x.

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Junyi, Feng, Bian Mengxin, and Dang Zijou. "THERMAL FATIGUE UNDER MULTIAXIAL STRESSES." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 13, no. 5 (September 1990): 525–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1990.tb00622.x.

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