Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Multiaxia'
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Costecalde, Léna. "Data-Driven Model Identification for hyperelasticity : mapping the strain energy throughout multiaxial experiments." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ECDN0047.
Full textModeling the mechanical response of materials involves the derivation of a relationship (a model) between stresses andstrains, depending on parameters. These parameters are identified from experimental data obtained from mechanical tests. On the one hand, identification based on simple tests (uniaxial tension, for example) provides no information on the response of materials subjected to complex loading conditions. On the other hand, identification based on multiaxial tests is more costly numerically and requires the model to be chosen at the outset of the procedure. Recently, the possibility of representing themechanical behaviour of materials by a database rather than via a behaviour law has emerged through "Data-Driven Computational Mechanics". On this basis, the Data-Driven Identification (DDI) algorithm developed by Leygue et al. (Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 331, 184-196 (2018)) can be used to estimate the stress fieldduring a multiaxial test. The present thesis explores the complete kinematic and mechanical response of elastomer membranes subjected to multiaxial large strain, using an original experimental set-up involving a hexapod. The DDI method is then used to determine the stress response of the material during these multiaxial tests. Two developments are finally presented: an identification method combining DDI (model-free) and standard constitutive models, and a proposal forimproving sample geometries for multiaxial tests
Liu, Mu-Hsin. "Multiaxial Fatigue Testing Machine." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1266241731.
Full textLaverhne-Taillard, Karine. "Etude du comportement thermomécanique des alliages à mémoire de forme sous sollicitations multiaxiales complexes." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DENSA001.
Full textThe specific behaviour of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) is due to a solid-solid transformation called martensitic transformation. This reversible transformation consists mainly in a shear without volume change and is activated either by stress or temperature. Despite all the properties of SMA are well known for one-dimensional mechanical loadings, the modelling of the 3D behaviour remains difficult. In a first step, we consider the experimental validation of a conjecture concerning the proportionality of the equivalent transformation strain with the martensite volume fraction. Therefore we perform tension-compression-torsion tests coupled with electrical resistance measurements on a Cu-Al-Be SMA. The behaviour of this alloy is sharply influenced by its crystallographic texture. Otherwise, numerical simulations on different textures and for several multiaxial loadings are performed. The experimental database is so completed in order to validate the choices made for the modelling. Finally, we perform several tension-torsion proportional and non-proportional, non-isothermal tests on a Ni-Ti SMA. The existence of an equivalent stress, able to describe the yield stress for phase-R reorientation is so highlighted
Alsayed, Mahmoud Ibrahim. "Rock behaviour under multiaxial compression." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1565.
Full textTomlinson, Philip S. "Multiaxial deformation of AZ80 magnesium alloy." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45362.
Full textTriantafillou, Thanasis C. (Thanasis Christos). "Multiaxial failure criteria for celluar materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14315.
Full textGonçalves, Camilla de Andrade. "Fadiga multiaxial policíclica : modelagem e simulação." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2006. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/3638.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é o estudo de critérios de resistência à fadiga multiaxial de metais em regime de alto número de ciclos. Os modelos apresentados por vários autores propõem, como medidas principais, a contribuição das tensões normais e das tensões cisalhantes para a degradação por fadiga do componente, além dos parâmetros do material. A questão que se coloca no contexto de solicitações multiaxiais é: qual é a melhor medida para caracterizar a amplitude de tensões cisalhantes e como incorporar o efeito das tensões normais? O estudo desenvolve então, uma análise destas questões relacionadas à modelagem de um critério de resistência à fadiga. Tensões normais trativas contribuem de forma maléfica para a degradação por fadiga por agirem no processo de abertura de microtrincas; quase a totalidade dos modelos de fadiga multiaxial considera a tensão hidrostática como medida das tensões normais atuantes na solicitação à fadiga. Sabe-se que esta é basicamente uma média das tensões normais e propõe-se aqui a substituição desta, pela máxima tensão principal. A aplicação da proposta a um conjunto grande de resultados experimentais disponíveis na literatura confirmou a hipótese de que a pior situação, que corresponde à existência de uma micro-trinca ortogonalmente orientada à máxima tensão principal, deve ser considerada e fornece uma previsão de resistência à fadiga mais conservativa e portanto, a favor da segurança. Quanto às tensões cisalhantes, primeiro apresentam-se as propostas de alguns autores, destacando-se dentre elas a abordagem do envelope elíptico e do envelope prismático. As duas aproximações fornecem as mesmas boas previsões de resistência à fadiga para dados experimentais de carregamentos senoidais com ciclos de mesma freqüência. Avança-se a análise para carregamentos mais gerais cujas trajetórias se distanciam da forma de um elipsóide e verifica-se de maneira inédita que, para uma ampla faixa de histórias de carregamento, as medidas de amplitude de tensões cisalhantes obtidas pelo máximo envelope prismático são equivalentes às medidas correspondentes obtidas pelo mínimo envelope elíptico. Tal verificação foi comprovada considerando-se trajetórias com ciclos senoidais assíncronos proporcionais e fora de fase, e ciclos não senoidais selecionadas a partir de resultados experimentais relativos a situações limites de resistência à fadiga. ________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The aim of this work is to evaluate multiaxial high cycle fatigue criteria for metals. The models presented by many authors propose that the the normal and shear stresses are the main variables controlling the fatigue damage, as well as the materials parameters. In the multiaxial context, the fundamental question to be answered is: which is the best measure to characterize the shear stress amplitude and how the well known effect of the mean normal stresses can be incorporated in the modeling process? This work carries out an analysis of such issues! Tensile stresses reduce the fatigue strength of metals as they keep the crack faces opened. Almost the totally of the multiaxial fatigue models available in the literature considers the hydrostatic stress as a measure for the normal stresses acting upon the fatigue solicitation. The hydrostatic stress is basically an average of the normal stresses acting in three orthogonal planes passing through a material point. Here we claim that the worst situation in terms of fatigue solicitation corresponds to the existence of a micro-crack orthogonally oriented to the maximum principal stress. Therefore, the maximum principal stress rather than the hydrostatic stress should be considered as an appropriate measure of the mean normal stress effect on the fatigue solicitation. To validate this hypothesis available experimental data published in the literature were selected and compared with the estimates provided by a modified version of the Prismatic Hull criterion developed by Mamiya and Araujo. Concerning the shear stresses, some models which consider the Minimum Circunscribing Ellipsoid or the Maximum Prismatic Hull of the deviatoric stress path as an appropriate measure for the shear stress amplitude are presented. The analysis carried out considering different materials subjected to a broad range of loading paths involving sinusoidal loadings with distinct frequencies and non-harmonic loadings revealed the shear stress amplitudes measured by the prismatic hull are equivalent to the ones measured by the elliptic hull.
Phillips, Peter Louis. "Integrated Multiaxial Experimentation and Constitutive Modeling." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1492598070791388.
Full textHausding, Jan. "Entwicklung einer Verfestigungseinrichtung an einer Multiaxial-Nähwirkmaschine." Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1161074776507-67779.
Full textThe additional stabilization of open grid warp knits provides a better exploitation of the reinforcing yarns. To realize such an additional stabilization, various possible methods have been examined and assessed. Three different types of stabilization installations have been developed by combining the most promising technologies (infrared radiation, combination of heat and pressure, roll coater) and binding agents (thermoplastics, liquid agents). These installations offer special fea-tures for different needs: production, laboratory and least expense
Le, Viet Duc. "Etude de l’influence des hétérogénéités microstructurales sur la tenue en fatigue à grand nombre de cycles des alliages d’aluminium de fonderie." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0012/document.
Full textThis work treats the influence of the microstructural heterogeneities on the multiaxial high cycle fatigue (HCF) strength of cast aluminium alloys used in an automobile context. The characteristic microstructural heterogeneities present in this family of materials are the aluminium matrix (often characterised by the SDAS and/or the DAS and the precipitation hardening level), inclusions (silicon particles and intermetallics) and casting defects (oxide films and casting porosity).In order to clearly decouple these effects, three cast Al-Si alloys, obtained thank to different casting processes (gravity die casting and lost foam die casting) and associated with several heat treatments (T7 and Hot isostatic pressing-HIP), have been investigated. The HIP treatment is used in order to obtain a porosity free alloy. A vast experimental HCF campaign, including four loading modes (uniaxial (R=-1), torsion (R=-1), combined tension-torsion (R=-1) and equibiaxial tension (R=0.1)) has been undertaken. The following effects on the HCF behaviour have been characterised for the porosity free alloy as well as porosity containing alloys: (a) the effect of the multiaxiality (for the loading modes at R=-1), (b) the effect of the mean stress and (c) the effect of the biaxality (for equibiaxial tensile loads at R=0.1). The fatigue damage mechanisms have been studied in order to highlight the roles of the casting pores, the aluminium matrix and the inclusions on the fatigue damage mechanisms.Two analytical fatigue models are proposed. The first one concerns the effect of the loaded volume on the uniaxial fatigue strength of the porosity containing alloys using an approach to predict of the maximum pore size in a given volume. The second model, based on a probabilistic approach, takes into account the competition between the different observed damage mechanisms and leads to a Kitagawa-Takahashi type diagrams for different loading modes. It is shown that these analytical models result in good predictions for the three materials investigated and the four loading modes.A numerical study, presented in the last section, is related to the 3D finite element analysis of real pores. Real pore geometries are obtained thank to micro-tomography observations. The principal aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of predicting the fatigue strength at the macroscopic scale thanks to the local mechanical behaviour around critical pores
Cherif, Chokri, Jan Hausding, Ulrike Berger, Ayham Younes, and Roland Kleicke. "Textile Betonbewehrungen auf Basis der Multiaxial-Kettenwirktechnik." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-77780.
Full textThis paper provides an overview on the results of textile concrete achieved in twelve years of research at the Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology (ITM) in the field of textile reinforcements for concrete based on the multiaxial stitch-bonding technology. During the early years the research focused on the development of the textile manufacturing process and the integration of additional functions in stitch-bonding machines. With the introduction of new fiber materials this was shifted towards the description of the material behavior of glass and carbon fibers under different load scenarios. Based on the results of this research, multiaxial multi-ply fabrics are available now as reinforcements for concrete, covering a broad range of applications. These fabrics can be produced with high quality and productivity and enable the practical usage of textile reinforced concrete
Lousberg, Henri Béatrice. "Chronic pain multiaxial assessment and behavioral mechanisms /." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1994. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6589.
Full textHallett, Joseph F. "Multiaxial strength and fatigue of rubber compounds." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1997. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6759.
Full textFEIFERIS, ANDRE DOS REIS. "STRUCTURAL EVALUATION OF CRANKSHAFT UNDER MULTIAXIAL FATIGUE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35967@1.
Full textCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES COMUNITÁRIAS DE ENSINO PARTICULARES
Eixos de virabrequim estão sujeitos a carregamentos multiaxiais quando em serviço. Por se tratar de um estado complexo de tensões, os modelos aplicados na determinação da vida em fadiga de tais componentes devem permitir, também, uma abordagem multiaxial, mais avançados do que aqueles adotados para carregamentos uniaxiais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi prever a falha em serviço de eixos virabrequins de unidades geradoras Diesel ou gás de plantas termoelétricas. Falhas recentemente ocorridas em eixos virabrequins no parque termoelétrico nacional justificam o presente estudo, para garantir eficiência e segurança nas operações industriais. Com base no método de elementos finitos, foram calculadas as tensões atuantes em um eixo virabrequim de unidade geradora a gás, com 10 mancais, duas bielas por mancal e fabricado com aço estrutural DIN 34CrNiMo6. Em sequência, adotando-se estas tensões atuantes calculadas, foram aplicados diversos critérios de fadiga para prever sua falha. Para tal, adotaram-se os modelos de Papadopoulos, Findley, Matake, McDiarmid, Carpinteri e Spagnoli, Liu e Mahadevan, Mises, Sines e Crossland, todos de fadiga de alto ciclo, baseados no plano crítico ou na tensão de von Mises. Propriedades de resistência à fadiga do material foram retiradas da literatura. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o componente é seguro quando avaliado usando tais critérios.
Crankshaft axles are subject to multiaxial loading when in service. Because the resulting state of stresses is complex, models applied to determining the fatigue life of such components employ a multiaxial approach as well, more advanced than those adopted for uniaxial loads. The objective of this work is to predict the failure in service of crankshafts of diesel or gas generating units of thermoelectric plants. Crankshafts reported recent failures in the national thermoelectric power plant justifies the present study, to guarantee efficiency and safety in such industrial operations. Based on the finite element method, the resulting stresses on a DIN 34CrNiMo6 structural steel gas generating unit crankshaft, with 10 bearings, two connecting rods per bearing were calculated. Using these finite element calculated stresses, several fatigue criteria were applied to predict this cranckshaft structural failure. Models due to Papadopoulos, Findley, Matake, McDiarmid, Carpinteri and Spagnoli, Liu and Mahadevan, Mises, Sines and Crossland, all of high cycle fatigue based on the critical plane or von Mises strain, were adopted. Material fatigue properties used in the analyses were compiled from specidized literature. Obtained results indicated that the component considered is safe regarding fatigue loadings, as evaluated using such criteria.
Ramteke, Ashok Lahanuji. "Multiaxial creep of isotropic and anisotropic materials." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47770.
Full textBold, P. E. "Multiaxial fatigue crack growth in rail steel." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1990. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14807/.
Full textHausding, Jan. "Entwicklung einer Verfestigungseinrichtung an einer Multiaxial-Nähwirkmaschine." Master's thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2004. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24882.
Full textThe additional stabilization of open grid warp knits provides a better exploitation of the reinforcing yarns. To realize such an additional stabilization, various possible methods have been examined and assessed. Three different types of stabilization installations have been developed by combining the most promising technologies (infrared radiation, combination of heat and pressure, roll coater) and binding agents (thermoplastics, liquid agents). These installations offer special fea-tures for different needs: production, laboratory and least expense.
Gyi, Maung Maung. "Multiaxial cyclic testing of saturated Ottawa sand." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278567.
Full textLavernhe, Taillard Karine. "Etude du comportement thermomécanique des Alliages à Mémoire de Forme sous sollicitations multiaxiales complexes." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00200906.
Full textDans un premier temps, nous nous intéressons à la validation expérimentale directe d'une relation entre la fraction volumique de martensite et la déformation de transformation qui est utilisée dans de nombreux modèles. Pour cela des essais en traction-compression-torsion avec suivi de résistance électrique sur un AMF de type Cu-Al-Be sont réalisés. Ces essais mettent en évidence les effets de la texture de ces alliages sur leur comportement.
Par ailleurs, des simulations numériques de type micro-macro sont réalisées, pour différentes textures et pour différents trajets multiaxiaux proportionnels. Ces simulations complètent, d'une part, la base de données expérimentale, et permettent, d'autre part, de valider les hypothèses retenues pour la modélisation.
Enfin, des essais anisothermes de traction compression torsion proportionnels et non proportionnels sont réalisés sur un AMF de type Ni-Ti. Une surface de début de réorientation de phase R est ainsi mise en évidence.
Torrenti, Jean-Michel. "Comportement multiaxial du béton : aspects expérimentaux et modélisation." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529740.
Full textChatziathanasiou, Dimitrios. "Cyclic multiaxial behavior modeling of Shape Memory Alloys." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0015/document.
Full textNew phenomenological approaches in modeling the behavior of SMAs are needed to account for their complex response under multiaxial loading. The effect of anisotropy induces a dependence of their inelastic behavior to the direction of the loading for superelastic cases. Martensitic reorientation affects drastically material response under non-proportional loading. Repeated loading also alters certain material properties. The goal of this study is to propose a new robust thermodynamic constitutive model for SMAs with focus on equiatomic NiTi compositions to capture anisotropic martensitic transformation and reorientation of martensitic variants, always taking in mind the strong thermomechanical coupling. A new mathematical approach is introduced to account for the anisotropy of stresses and the evolution of inelastic strains during forward transformation caused by the forming conditions of SMA structures. This method is evaluated by utilizing stress-strain curves resulting from proportional loading simulated with a micromechanical model. A phenomenological thermodynamic model considering especially martensitic reorientation and exhibiting the strong thermomechanical coupling is developed. It is implemented on a numerical platform in C++, SMART, and evaluated by simulating existing non-proportional experiments. Complex structures are also simulated using Finite Element Analysis. The last part of this work concerns the experimental study of the effects of cyclic loading to the evolution of residual strain and transformation threshold of NiTi under uniaxial and biaxial testing
Zand, Behrad. "Modeling of composite laminates subjected to multiaxial loadings." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1189468229.
Full textSwalla, Dana Ray. "Fretting fatigue damage prediction using multiaxial fatigue criteria." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17033.
Full textLlanos, Alvarado Ana María. "Diagnóstico multiaxial en la atención integral de salud." Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/14260.
Full textTesis
Sadrinezhad, Arezoo. "Multiaxial Probabilistic Elastic-Plastic Constitutive Simulations of Soils." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1406637815.
Full textChen, Weinong Ravichandran G. "Dynamic failure behavior of ceramics under multiaxial compression /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1995. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11032003-101839.
Full textDonnard, Adrien. "Etude du comportement mécanique multiaxial de matériaux cellulaires." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0026/document.
Full textThis thesis is focused on the mechanical behavior of foam designed to absorb energy in an airplane pilot seat cushion. Usually, these materials are characterized using uniaxial compressive test. Nevertheless, this uniaxial characterization doesn’t represent the real in-use loading of cushion. To complete these data, this work focuses on multiaxial behavior characterization of foam. The analysis of behavior is realized by using a separation into two contributions linked to the volume (pressure-volume) and the shape (distortion-shear) change. A hydrostatic testing system was developed with the aim to characterize the volume change behavior. Results highlight a strong influence of the volume change behavior during an uniaxial compression solicitation. A second testing system was developed allowing to apply radial solicitations following a kinematic angle, which imposes a non-proportional variation of volume and distortion. A kinematic angle influence is observed on the volume and shape change behavior. Other solicitations composed of compression and shear applied in a sequential way, permit to observe a volume influence on the shape change behavior. Finally, a 2D simulation model composed of 1D element composition shows a good representation of the volume and shape changes behavior obtained from experimentation
Gabrion, Xavier. "Contributions à la caractérisation d'un matériau composite thermoplastique thermostable : Application à des structures cylindriques sous sollicitations multiaxiales." Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA2012.
Full textThe objective of this thesis work, in partnership with ALSTOM Company, is to contribute to the writing of design rules in order to qualify and certify annular structures made of thermostable thermoplastic matrix composite reinforced by carbon fibre. These structures are used in rotating machines for embedded applications.This work proposes an innovative methodology to achieve this goal. It consists in reproducing, at the scale of a laboratory specimen, the multiaxial stress and damage states to which the industrial structure is subjected in-service byoptimizing a tensile test on annular notched specimen. More conventional multiaxial tests, based on internal pressureand tensile loading are particularly unsafe and difficult to be performedwhen implemented at elevated temperature.After the optimisation of the ring configuration by numerical simulation, experimental tests were performed to validatethe appearance of the expected damage under loading. Damage was characterized using non-destructive techniques suchas acoustic emission and infrared thermography. The cyclic tests achieved using this configuration showed high fatiguestrength of this material, in particular for a ratio R of 0.5 (equivalent to thein-service ratio). The results also highlight thegreat remaining strength and rigidity of these structures, even after a large number of cycles
Araujo, cardoso Raphael. "Études numériques sur la modélisation du fretting fatigue." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN004/document.
Full textThis work has been undertaken in the context of an international research cooperation between the University of Brasilia, the Brazilian Space Agency (AEB), the ENS Paris-Saclay and the SAFRAN group. The main subject of this cooperation is the investigation of fretting fatigue, which is a contact problem in conjunction with fatigue loads responsible for reducing considerably components’ fatigue life due to the high stress concentration, wear and non-proportional loading conditions involved in such problems. Regarding the high computational costs involved when assessing industrial applications, one of the aims of this work is to improve the performance of fretting simulations making use of an enrichment approach. The idea is to take advantage of the fact that the mechanical fields around the contact edges in cylindrical contact configurations under fretting conditions are similar to the ones found close to the crack tip in linear elastic fracture mechanics problems. This similarity makes attractive the idea of enriching finite element fretting simulations through the X-FEM framework, which enables us to work with coarser meshes while keeping a good accuracy. As it will be shown in this work, it is possible to work with meshes up to 10 times coarser than it should be if a conventional FE method was used allowing a strong improvement of the computational performances.This work will also investigate the influence of considering wear effects in the prediction of fretting fatigue lives. Therefore, fretting fatigue FE simulations have been carried considering the geometry update due to the material removal and results were compared to both experimental data and FE simulations where wear effects were neglected (simplifying strategy usually adopted when evaluating fretting fatigue problems). Conventional multiaxial fatigue criteria in association with the Theory of Critical Distances have been used in order to predict life. Results have shown that, for the data here assessed, where fretting fatigue tests were conducted on a Ti-6Al-4V alloy under partial slip conditions, considering wear effects might slightly increase the accuracy of life predictions. However, this slight improvement may not be worthwhile regarding the increase in the computational cost when compared to standard approaches where wear is neglected
Agard, Bastien. "Détermination d’une stratégie de dimensionnement en fatigue à faible nombre de cycles adaptée au contexte industriel." Thesis, Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSEE003.
Full textSince the 20th century, the continuous development of computing power has enabled numerical methods to become essential in the design process of industrial products. The finite element calculation method provides manufacturers with reliable solutions for accurately anticipating the mechanical strength of components by limiting the number of prototypes. The current trend of reducing manufacturing costs has a direct impact on product design with, in particular, the reduction of material thicknesses. In this context, the structural parts are more exposed to the risk of rupture. Controlling the fatigue behavior of components has now become a major challenge. This complex phenomenon is sensitive to the history experienced by the material, particularly with regard to the impacts on the local material properties by the various manufacturing processes. The welding process induces consequences at several levels of the assembly which can prove to be harmful for the life of the structures. These multi-physical phenomena of thermal, metallurgical and mechanical origin must then be taken into account as input data in fatigue studies to make the results more reliable. However, the complexity of the input data and the very substantial processing times hamper their use by engineers when dealing with large structures. In order to meet the needs of manufacturers, two developments have been created to reduce the analysis time of the Manson-Coffin and Fatemi-Socie approaches by nearly 99.9%. These post-processings take part of an original fatigue dimensioning strategy linking the consideration of the local effects of assembly processes, and thus allowing the fatigue analysis of large structures within a timeframe compatible with the industrial context
Herbland, Thibault. "Une méthode de correction élastoplastique pour le calcul en fatigue des zones de concentration de contraintes sous chargement cyclique multiaxial non proportionnel." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00479991.
Full textNesmith, Willie Morgan Jr. "Development of a computer controlled multiaxial cubical testing apparatus." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24144.
Full textSadek, Tarek. "The multiaxial behaviour and elastic stiffness of Hostun sand." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432686.
Full textHerrmann, Ariel Marc. "Instrumentation for multiaxial mechanical testing of inhomogeneous elastic membranes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35671.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 93-100).
This thesis presents the design, development, and construction of an instrument for biaxial mechanical testing of inhomogeneous elastic membranes. The instrument incorporates an arrangement of linear motion stages for applying arbitrary deformation profiles on the material under test, purpose-built two-axis force transducers for high-resolution measurement of applied loads, and a digital imaging system for full-field strain measurement. The components described herein provide the foundation for a sophisticated biaxial testing platform for determining the mechanical properties of anisotropic, inhomogeneous membrane materials.
by Ariel Marc Herrmann.
S.M.
Minucci, Frederico Rodrigues. "Fadiga multiaxial aplicada à avaliação da vida de virabrequins." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264078.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
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Resumo: O virabrequim é um dos principais componentes do motor de combustão interna e sua função é, em conjunto com a biela, transformar o movimento de translação do pistão em movimento de rotação. Como sofrem carregamentos cíclicos durante toda sua vida útil, o principal tipo de falha de um virabrequim é por fadiga. Porém, por estarem sujeitos a carregamentos complexos, tensões multiaxiais são geradas resultando no problema da fadiga multiaxial. Nos últimos anos, diversos métodos que tratam desse problema foram apresentados, porém, até hoje, nenhuma abordagem foi universalmente aceita. Este trabalho apresenta a avaliação da vida de dois virabrequins fornecidos pela empresa Thyssen Krupp Metalúrgica Campo Limpo Ltda quanto à falha por fadiga utilizando os critérios de fadiga multiaxial para elevado número de ciclos de Matake, McDiarmid e DangVan, baseados nos planos críticos, e os critérios de Sines, Crossland e Kakuno-kawada, baseados nos invariantes de tensão. Ao longo do trabalho, é descrita a cinemática e a dinâmica do movimento de um virabrequim bem como uma forma adequada de tratamento para a vibração torcional. Com base nos esforços, é feita a análise de tensões através do método de superposição de esforços unitários. Os resultados das tensões são utilizados como entradas em um algoritmo especialmente desenvolvido para os critérios de fadiga citados. As análises feitas mostram que os projetos analisados são seguros quando avaliados utilizando tais critérios
Abstract : The crankshaft is one of the most important components of the internal combustion engine and its function is, with the rods, transforming the linear movement of the piston into rotation. As it is under cyclic loading during all of his life, the main type of failure in these components is due to fatigue. However, as they are subject to complex loads, multiaxial stresses arise, which results in the problem of multiaxial fatigue. Recently, several approaches to this problem were proposed but until now, there is no universally accepted approach. This work evaluates the life of two designs of crankshafts provided by Thyssen Krupp Metalúrgica Campo Limpo Ltda with respect to the fatigue failure using the multiaxial high-cycle fatigue criteria of Matake, McDiarmid and Dang Van, based on critical planes, and Sines, Crossland and Kakuno-Kawada, which are based on the stress invariants. Throughout the work it is described the kinematics and the dynamics of the cranckshaft movement and an appropriate form of treatment for the torsional vibration. Based on the loads, a stress analysis is performed using the finite elements method and the superposition principle. The resulting stresses are used as inputs in a specially developed algorithm to evaluate the fatigue criteria cited. These analyses show that the designs are safe when they are evaluated using such criteria
Mestrado
Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Juneja, Lokesh Kumar. "Multiaxial fatigue damage model for random amplitude loading histories." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41522.
Full textThe minimum of the two life values obtained from SWT model and the shear
strain model is compared with the life estimated by the proposed model with the
modified Morrow's mean stress model. The former is essentially the life predicted by
Socie. The results of the proposed model, as reduced to the uniaxial case, are also
compared with the experimental data obtained by conducting one-channel random
amplitude loading history experiments.
Master of Science
Sharifimehr, Shahriar. "Multiaxial Fatigue Analysis under Complex Non-proportional Loading Conditions." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1544787705876488.
Full textLu, Hongbing Knauss Wolfgang Gustav. "Nonlinear thermo-mechanical behavior of polymers under multiaxial loading /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1997. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11072003-103136.
Full textCarraro, Paolo Andrea. "Multiaxial fatigue behaviour of composite materials: characterisation and modelling." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423782.
Full textGrazie alla loro leggerezza e versatilità combinate ad eccellenti proprietà meccaniche, i materiali compositi hanno acquisito un'importanza sempre maggiore negli ultimi vent'anni in molti settori industriali, anche per applicazioni strutturali. A fronte dei numerosi vantaggi offerti da questa classe di materiali vi è un costo che rimane ancora piuttosto elevato rispetto ai più tradizionali materiali da costruzione. Una delle ragioni è la mancanza di procedure di progettazione affidabili e riconosciute, nonché l'assenza, in letteratura, di estese caratterizzazioni sperimentali da cui acquisire informazioni di carattere generale. Ciò è particolarmente evidente in riferimento al comportamento a fatica multiassiale di lamine, laminati e giunzioni incollate in composito. Al fine di sopperire alla mancanza di informazioni sul comportamento a fatica multiassiale di lamine unidirezionali, nonché all'assenza di una procedura adeguata di test, è stata inizialmente definita una configurazione di provini adatta a caratterizzare la risposta matrix-dominated (particolarmente significativa per il danneggiamento a fatica di laminati) di materiali compositi unidirezionali (capitolo 2). Provini tubolari soggetti a carichi ciclici di trazione e torsione combinati sono stati identificati come il miglior compromesso tra affidabilità dei risultati, semplicità di testing e possibilità di ottenere condizioni multiassiali di interesse. Nel terzo capitolo sono riportati i risultati di un'estesa campagna sperimentale su tali provini tubolari in presenza di diversi rapporti di biassialità (tensione di taglio su tensione trasversale) e rapporti di ciclo (rapporto tra il minimo e il massimo carico di fatica). É stata riscontrata una notevole influenza di tali parametri sull'innesco e propagazione di cricche off-axis, nonché sui meccanismi di danneggiamento su scala microscopica. Sono poi stati testati a fatica uni-assiale dei laminai piani multi-direzionali progettati per avere condizioni di multiassialità locali simili a quelle ottenute sui provini tubolari tramite carichi esterni in diverse direzioni. L'attività, presentata al quarto capitolo, ha permesso di verificare l'equivalenza tra condizioni multiassiali ti tipo esterno (carichi in più direzioni) e interno (dovute all'anisotropia di lamine e laminati in composito). Ciò rappresenta uno step fondamentale per l'estensione di risultati sperimentali e modelli previsionali a condizioni di carico generiche. L'attività sperimentale sviluppata sui tubi ha fornito informazioni sui meccanismi di danneggiamento a livello microscopico che sono responsabili del cedimento a fatica della lamina unidirezionale. Sulla base di tali meccanismi è stato proposto un criterio per l'innesco di cricche a fatica multiassiale in lamine in composito basato su un approccio multiscala (capitolo 5). Il criterio è risultato in ottimo accordo con i nuovi dati sperimentali sui campioni tubolari, con dati disponibili in letteratura riguardanti lamine unidirezionali piane e con i dati ad innesco sugli strati off-axis dei laminati testati al capitolo 4. Parlando quindi di laminati multi-direzionali, un aspetto fondamentale è la diminuzione di rigidezza di questi ultimi dovuto all'innesco e propagazione di cricche multiple negli strati off-axis. A tal proposito è stato proposto un modello analitico in grado di legare la densità di cricche in ciascuno strato di un laminato alla diminuzione di rigidezza globale considerando anche l'interazione tra cricche presenti su strati diversi (capitolo 6). Tale modello fornisce anche le distribuzioni di tensione dovute alla presenza delle cricche stesse. Questo è un aspetto di fondamentale importanza per lo sviluppo di una procedura per prevedere l'evoluzione della densità di cricche in laminati multi-direzionali sollecitati a fatica, presentata al capitolo 7. A tale scopo le osservazioni sperimentali, i modelli analitici e i criteri sviluppati in precedenza, combinati ad un approccio di tipo statistico, vengono utilizzati per prevedere l'innesco e propagazione di cricche multiple in un laminato. Di conseguenza, combinata con il modello precedentemente illustrato, la procedura consente di prevedere sia la diminuzione di rigidezza di laminati sia la ridistribuzione delle tensioni per effetto del danneggiamento rappresentando quindi uno strumento utile anche alla stima della vita a fatica totale di un laminato. Quando i laminati in composito sono utilizzati come aderendi in giunzioni incollate, l'interfaccia di incollaggio rappresenta una zona particolarmente critica per l'innesco di cricche a fatica. Di conseguenza è stata analizzata sperimentalmente la propagazione di cricche in giunzioni incollate soggette a carichi ciclici di modo misto I + II (apertura + scorrimento). Ancora una volta i meccanismi osservati su scala microscopica sono stati utilizzati per la formulazione di un criterio damage-based per la previsione della velocità di propagazione di cricche in giunzioni incollate sollecitate in modo misto (capitolo 8). In fine, in Appendice A è presentato un modello analitico sviluppato per la previsione dell'innesco di una cricca di debonding tra fibra e matrice in condizioni di carico statico biassiale. Il modello è utile per trarre informazioni sull'influenza dei principali parametri geometrici e interfacciali sulla resistenza dell'interfaccia fibra-matrice.
Echchorfi, Rachid. "Dialogue essais - simulation et identification de lois de comportement d’alliage à mémoire de forme en chargement multiaxial." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENAM0035/document.
Full textIn this work, efficient identification strategies were developed to determine the characteristic parameters of the thermomechanical behavior of pseudoelastic Shape Memory Alloys (SMA). The aim is to obtain a complete solution for characterization, identification and numerical simulation of SMA structures undergoing multiaxial loading paths. A unified experimental database has been constructed to characterize the behavior of superelastic NiTi SMAs. This database includes tension, compression, tension-tension and tension-compression multiaxial tests at different temperatures. A characterization methodology has been developed on a multiaxial testing setup, which has been assembled in the laboratory during this Ph.D. project. Vital information about the strain fields for each test is added to the experimental database through the use of Digital Image Correlation. A significant difference in the thermomechanical behavior between the rolling and transverse directions has been observed, even when the specimens are not strongly textured. Two strategies were developed that rely on the minimization of a regularized cost function for identification of thermomechanical constitutive law parameters. The first identification procedure is based on uniaxial homogeneous tests at different temperatures. In the other strategy the information of strain fields of heterogeneous tests are utilized. In each case, the eight material parameters of the constitutive law of Chemisky et al. (Chemisky et al. 2011) have been identified. A difference between the identified parameters in the rolling and transverse direction is noted and corresponds to the effect of anisotropy. Nevertheless, the capabilities of the relevant identification strategies shall allow the determination of the parameters of anisotropic constitutive laws
Morel, Franck. "Fatigue multiaxiale sous chargement d'amplitude variable." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2364.
Full textSermage, Jean Philippe. "Fatigue thermique multiaxiale à température variable /." Cachan : Laboratoire de mécanique et technologie, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370383779.
Full textFaria, Alex de Mello. "Estudo sobre métodos para cálculo da amplitude de tensão cisalhante em modelos de plano crítico." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2018. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/32079.
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A presente dissertação avalia três métodos para cálculo da amplitude de tensão cisalhante equivalente utilizada em modelos de fadiga multiaxial baseados na abordagem do plano crítico. Avaliou-se o Método da Mínima Circunferência Circunscrita (MCC), o Método da Caixa (MRH) e o Método do Momento de Inércia (MOI). Com os resultados desses métodos foram aplicados três critérios de fadiga multiaxial: o critério de Susmel e Lazzarin (2002), o critério de Findley (1956) e o critério de Matake (1977). O objetivo foi a avaliação de quais métodos aplicados aos critérios resultam em melhores estimativas de resistência à fadiga multiaxial. Para a validação da análise, foram utilizados dados disponíveis na literatura para espécimes fabricados em ligas de aço submetidos a carregamentos combinados de flexão e torção em iminência de falha por fadiga. Um Índice de Erro (IE), que fornece uma medida da distância entre a previsão dos modelos e os dados experimentais foi utilizado como medida da acurácia nesta análise. Conclui-se que, em um contexto geral, para os dados sob carregamentos síncronos em fase ou fora de fase, os melhores resultados foram obtidos pelo Método MRH aplicado conjuntamente com o modelo de Findley (1956) e, para os dados sob assíncronos, as melhores estimativas foram obtidas quando o MRH foi utilizado juntamente com o modelo de Susmel e Lazzarin (2002).
This thesis evaluate three different methods that calculate the equivalent shear stress amplitude using Multiaxial Fatigue models based on the Critical Plane approach. It was evaluated the Minimum Circumscribed Circle (MCC), the Maximum Rectangular Hull (MRH) and the Moment of Inertia (MOI). With the result of these methods on hands, it was applied three multiaxial fatigue criteria: Susmel and Lazzarin (2002), the Findley (1956) criteria and the Matake (1977) criteria. The aim of this was to evaluate which of these methods applied in these criteria result in the closest estimated of multiaxial fatigue resistance. In order to validate the analysis, it was used available data base to different types of steel loaded to combined torsion and bending at the limit of fatigue failure. In this way, a percentual error index was used to measure how distant the prediction of the criteria was to the empirical result. Therefore, it was showed that the best results were obtained by using the MRH method when applied to the Findley criteria for synchronous loadings and, for asynchronous loadings, the same method using the Susmel and Lazzarin (2002).
Bennett, Valerie P. "A microscale study of small crack propagation in multiaxial fatigue." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23957.
Full textEl-Hage, Hicham. "Multiaxial fatigue analyses and life predictions using finite element method." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62209.pdf.
Full textWavish, Paul M. "Representative specimen for multiaxial fretting fatigue in a splined coupling." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438306.
Full textBismark, Mary Ann von. "Diagnóstico multiaxial e avaliação psicopatológica das psicoses associadas à epilepsia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-27092010-143550/.
Full textThe association between epilepsy and psychotic disorders has been well documented in literature. Although this association is well-known, few studies regarding psychosis and epilepsy investigated the clinical characteristics of these patients and its impact on psychosocial function, suicide and suicide attempts, homicide attempts and cognitive deficits. The aim of this chart review was to compare the clinical impact and the psychosocial function between patients with epilepsy and psychotic disorders and patients with epilepsy and other psychiatric disorders. We also compared the clinical characteristics and psychosocial function between patients with postictal psychosis and interictal psychosis. We reviewed 143 charts, divided in two groups: 82 charts of patients with epilepsy and psychotic disorders and 61 charts of patients with epilepsy and other psychiatric disorders. In the group of patients with epilepsy and psychosis, 53 had a diagnosis of interictal psychosis and 17 of postictal psychosis. Patients with psychotic disorders had fewer years of education, more family history of psychotic disorders and higher number of homicide attempts, status epilepticus, psychiatric admissions and history of central nervous system insults. They also presented more impact on cognitive, vocational and interpersonal scales. Epilepsy was considered a major cause to the development of psychosis. Regarding the differences between patients with interictal and postictal psychosis, the only difference found was that the patients with interictal psychosis presented more family history of psychosis. Also, in both groups epilepsy was considered a major cause to the development of psychosis. Patients with psychotic disorders had a more severe clinical impairment in comparison with patients with other psychiatric disorders, which may have interfered in psychosocial functioning and severity of impact. Patients with central nervous system\'s insults and severe epilepsy may be likely more prone to psychosis\'s development than other patients with less severe forms of epilepsy
Urquiza, Marcelle Alencar. "Desenvolvimento de uma plataforma de força multiaxial para instrumentação biomédica." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2005. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/14638.
Full textThe evolution of techniques for the development of equipment capable of translating the results taken from a diverse and complex set of tasks carried out by the human body, has become an important item on the scientific communities agenda. Within the context of such equipment, the force plate has shown itself capable of being implemented for the task of measuring phenomena, which before could only be observed visually. This work has as its objective to describe and develop an extensometric, multiaxial force plate, for use as a biomedical assistance apparatus. Sensors for the detection of forces such as strain gauges were used and fixed in predetermined areas on the four transducers, which are an integral and fundamental part of the force plate apparatus. The cell design was completed using geometry capable of coupling with the minimum of interference the two different forces present within the structure. In this manner it is possible to quantify the forces in three orthogonal directions. The prototype developed can be utilized, for example as an evaluation tool for both gait and stability research. In parallel to the development of the force plate, equipment for carrying out the conditioning and digitalization of signals originating from the load cells was designed and constructed. The control of the acquisition processes as well as the processing of signals received from the force plate is carried out by the use of a specific applicative, which makes the quantitative values of the forces, strength and momentum available, allowing for the calculation of the parameters used for the respective biomedical evaluations, especially those dealing with the oscillation of the human body in an erect near static posture. Still further the applicative provides a confidence ellipse obtained from the stability evaluations carried out along with the coordinates of pressure center and standard stability indexes obtained instantaneously.
A evolução das técnicas para desenvolver equipamentos capazes de traduzir o resultado de diversas tarefas complexas exercidas pelo corpo humano, tornou-se evidente para a comunidade científica. Dentre esses equipamentos, a plataforma de força mostrou ser uma ferramenta capaz de ser empregada para a mensuração de fenômenos antes só observados. Este trabalho tem por objetivo descrever o projeto e o desenvolvimento de uma plataforma de força extensométrica, multiaxial, para uso em instrumentação biomédica. Sensores para detecção de esforços, do tipo strain gauge, foram utlizados e fixados em regiões previamente determinadas nos quatro transdutores que compõem o conjunto da plataforma. O projeto das células considera uma geometria capaz de desacoplar, com mínima interferência, dois esforços diferentes, presentes na mesma estrutura. Assim, pode-se quantizar esforços em três direções ortogonais. O protótipo desenvolvido pode ser utilizado como ferramenta para avaliações de marcha e estabilidade, por exemplo. Paralelamente ao desenvolvimento da plataforma, um equipamento para realizar o condicionamento e digitalização dos sinais provenientes das células de carga foi projetado e construído. O controle dos processos de aquisição e processamento dos sinais advindos da plataforma de força é realizado através de um aplicativo específico que disponibiliza os valores quantitativos dos esforços de força e momento, os quais permitem o cálculo de parâmetros relevantes às avaliações biomédicas, particularmente em avaliações a cerca da oscilação do corpo humano na postura ereta quasi-estática. O aplicativo fornece ainda as elipses de confiança obtidas a partir das avaliações de estabilidade realizadas, juntamente com as coordenadas do centro de pressão e índices de estabilidade padrão e instantâneos obtidos.
Mestre em Ciências
McAllister, Alexander S. "The high-temperature multiaxial creep behaviour of alloy 800H tubes." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1986. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32248.
Full textPapasidero, Jessica. "Experimental and numerical analysis of ductile fracture under multiaxial loading." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/94/53/67/PDF/THESE_PAPASIDERO_RUPTURE_DUCTILE.pdf.
Full textA stocky tubular tension-torsion specimen geometry was optimized to characterize the effect of the stress state (stress triaxiality and Lode angle parameter) on metals ductility, at low stress triaxialities. Biaxial tests (proportional and non-proportional) were performed on 36NiCrMo16 steel and 2024-T351 aluminum alloy. Strain fields were measured by stereo-correlation of digital images during the tests. Loading paths to fracture (evolution of the equivalent plastic strain, the stress triaxiality and the Lode angle parameter at the critical point) were determined. The evolution of aluminum ductility with respect to the stress triaxiality measured from tension-torsion tests differed substantially from that obtained by Bao and Wierzbicki in 2004. Indeed, the latter suggested a minimal ductility under shear, while the tension-torsion technique revealed a maximal ductility under shear. Non-proportional loading paths were shown to have an influence on ductility, by means of tests consisting in a pre-compression, pre-tension or pre-torsion, followed by a proportional loading sequence under combined tension-torsion. SEM observations of metallographic sections from biaxial interrupted tests, a real-time monitoring of the surface strain and damage during in-situ torsion tests in the SEM, and a crack propagation test coupled with in-situ X-ray synchrotron laminography brought evidences of localization phenomena at different scales, and of the growth of some cavities, even under pure shear, by contrast with the total collapse predicted by unit cell models. This growth may be due to the significant axial elongation measured under pure torsion (Swift effect). Shear localization was identified as the main coalescence mechanism, which justifies the choice of the Hosford-Coulomb fracture initiation criterion. Used in conjunction with a non-linear damage indicator, it accounts for the measured ductilities, even under possibly non-proportional loadings