Academic literature on the topic 'Multiage schooling'
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Journal articles on the topic "Multiage schooling"
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Mason, Dewayne A., and Thomas L. Good. "Mathematics Instruction in Combination and Single-Grade Classes: An Exploratory Investigation." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 98, no. 2 (December 1996): 236–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146819609800206.
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Combination classes (also termed split or multigrade classes) are a form of classroom grouping that typically occurs when school enrollments are imbalanced or inadequate, resulting in teachers’ managing students from two or more grades for most or all of the school day. These expediently formed classes, embedded within a graded system of schooling, therefore differ significantly from multiage or nongraded classes, formed deliberately because of pedagogical or philosophical interests in team teaching, flexible grouping, individualized instruction, continuous progress curriculum, and the elimination of all vestiges of gradedness. This exploratory study compared the curriculum, instructional strategies, and organizational formats used by six combination class teachers for mathematics with those used by eighteen single-grade teachers (six who used traditional whole-class teaching and twelve who used two within-class ability groups). Results showed that the instruction, classroom organization, and curriculum content and materials of combination class teachers differed in significant ways from those of both traditional whole-class and within-class ability-grouped (two-group) single-grade teachers. Observers’ ratings and low-inference measures indicated that combination classes included fewer instances of peer cooperation, innovative curriculum, and individualized instruction. Furthermore, teacher-directed and independent-group variables (e.g., meaningful presentations, use of manipulatives, higher-level thinking emphasis) varied significantly among these three grouping formats.
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Schenke, Wouter, Jan H. Van Driel, Femke P. Geijsel, and Monique L. L. Volman. "Boundary Crossing in R&D Projects in Schools: Learning through Cross-Professional Collaboration." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 119, no. 4 (April 2017): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811711900402.
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Background/Context School leaders, teachers, and researchers are increasingly involved in collaborative research and development (R&D) projects in schools, which encourage crossing boundaries between the fields of school and research. It is not clear, however, what and how professionals in these projects learn through cross-professional collaboration. Purpose The purpose of our study is to create a better understanding of the learning of boundary crossers who are involved in cross-professional collaboration in R&D projects. Research Design In this multicase study, we analyzed data from interviews with school leaders, teachers, and researchers involved in 19 R&D projects in Dutch secondary schools. We interpreted boundary crossers’ learning in terms of learning mechanisms (identification, reflection, coordination, and transformation) and related these learning mechanisms to different types of cross-professional collaboration. Findings Three combinations of learning mechanisms were prevalent: identification and coordination, reflection and transformation, and transformation for school leaders, teachers, and researchers. Different types of collaboration appeared to evoke different learning mechanisms. Conclusions Boundary crossers on R&D projects learn from the other professionals’ tools and objectives and, in the case of transformation, integrate these in their own professional methods of working and aims. When transformation occurs school leaders and teachers develop a research attitude towards teaching and researchers incorporate contributing to educational improvement as an objective in their research. This is mainly the case in schooland researcher-directed types of cross-professional collaboration.
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Hrolenok, Brian, Byron Boots, and Tucker Balch. "Sampling Beats Fixed Estimate Predictors for Cloning Stochastic Behavior in Multiagent Systems." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 31, no. 1 (February 13, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v31i1.10849.
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Modeling stochastic multiagent behavior such as fish schooling is challenging for fixed-estimate prediction techniques because they fail to reliably reproduce the stochastic aspects of the agents’ behavior. We show how standard fixed-estimate predictors fit within a probabilistic framework, and suggest the reason they work for certain classes of behaviors and not others. We quantify the degree of mismatch and offer alternative sampling-based modeling techniques. We are specifically interested in building executable models (as opposed to statistical or descriptive models) because we want to reproduce and study multiagent behavior in simulation. Such models can be used by biologists, sociologists, and economists to explain and predict individual and group behavior in novel scenarios, and to test hypotheses regarding group behavior. Developing models from observation of real systems is an obvious application of machine learning. Learning directly from data eliminates expensive hand processing and tuning, but introduces unique challenges that violate certain assumptions common in standard machine learning approaches. Our framework suggests a new class of sampling-based methods, which we implement and apply to simulated deterministic and stochastic schooling behaviors, as well as the observed schooling behavior of real fish. Experimental results show that our implementation performs comparably with standard learning techniques for deterministic behaviors, and better on stochastic behaviors.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Multiage schooling"
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Standen, Richard Phillip, and standen@hn ozemail com au. "The Interplay Between Teachers' Beliefs and Practices in a Multi-Age Primary School." Griffith University. School of Curriculum, Teaching and Learning, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030730.102127.
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The purpose of the research documented in this thesis is to investigate how one particular approach to groupings in one primary school, commonly referred to as multi-age, enables and constrains the practices and actions of its individual teachers. This study is located in a literature that examines the potential that beliefs and belief systems offer for understanding how teachers make sense of, and respond to particular educational contexts. It will be of particular interest to the community of scholars who are investigating the uptake of curriculum innovations in the classrooms of individual practitioners. The philosophical framework underpinning multi-age schooling is significantly different from that operating within the traditional lock-step system. The conventional school organisation has the child move through a predetermined curriculum at a fixed pace, whereas multi-age classes require that teachers focus on needs-based teaching, thus adapting the curriculum to suit the individual student. As a result of this shift in emphasis, it has been common for teachers in multi-age schools to experience dilemmas caused by the dissonance between their own and the schools assumptions about teaching, learning, knowledge and social relations. However, this clash of individuals beliefs and mandated practices is an under-researched area of scholarship particularly within multi-age settings, and is thus the focus of the present research. A framework based on the construct of beliefs and belief systems was used for understanding the personal and idiosyncratic nature of a teachers practice. Such a framework proposes that beliefs can be classified in terms of personal assumptions about self, relationships, knowledge, change and teaching and learning. These classifications, rather than being discrete dimensions acting in isolation, tend to be organised into a coherent and interdependent belief system or orientation. The notion of orientation was found to be a suitable framework within which to investigate the interplay between beliefs and practices over a two year period in one school context that is likely to provide challenges and opportunities for professional growth and development. Because the study focused upon the beliefs and practices of six teachers in a multi-age setting, elements of a qualitative approach to research were employed. The research design adopted for this study is grounded in an interpretative approach which looks for culturally derived and historically situated interpretations of the social world. Within this framework a case-study approach to research was used so as to reveal the interplay between the teachers beliefs and practices. The study found that the concept of orientations provides a suitable framework for understanding the personal and idiosyncratic nature of a teachers beliefs and practices. It was evident that beliefs about self, relationships, knowledge and change were highly significant in shaping the essential nature of teachers orientations. It was found that a summary label, based on these four beliefs, could be used to define the thematic nature of each teachers orientation. These recognisably different labels demonstrated that each teachers four beliefs were not just a pattern, but also a thematically defined pattern. It was also found that whilst some beliefs are thematically central other beliefs are not inherently thematic but are influenced in thematically derived ways. It was the configuration of these core/secondary beliefs that highlighted the importance of investigating belief combinations rather than discrete belief dimensions when attempting to understand the teacher as a person. It was also concluded that the teachers orientations in this study structured their practice in a way that was personal and internally consistent, indicating the dynamic coupling of beliefs and practices. It was clear that individual orientations, shaped by core beliefs, framed the challenges and possibilities that the multi-age ethos offered in varied and personal ways. In addition, the study found that the patterns of, and reasons for, change were complex and therefore it is unlikely that professional in-service will succeed if based on only one of the models of change proposed in the literature. The teachers in this study did not experience dilemmas as dichotomous situations but rather as complex and interrelated challenges to their whole belief system. Not all the teachers in this study approached the challenge of change in the same way. It was evident that individuals had constructed their own narrative for the need to change, and that this orientation tended to dominate the self-improvement agenda. Finally, this study demonstrated that not only the educational consequences of an innovation need to be taken into account, but also how well it is implemented in each classroom, and how compatible each teachers orientation is with the ethos underpinning the innovation.
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Standen, Richard Phillip. "The Interplay Between Teachers' Beliefs and Practices in a Multi-Age Primary School." Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367294.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the research documented in this thesis is to investigate how one particular approach to groupings in one primary school, commonly referred to as multi-age, enables and constrains the practices and actions of its individual teachers. This study is located in a literature that examines the potential that beliefs and belief systems offer for understanding how teachers make sense of, and respond to particular educational contexts. It will be of particular interest to the community of scholars who are investigating the uptake of curriculum innovations in the classrooms of individual practitioners. The philosophical framework underpinning multi-age schooling is significantly different from that operating within the traditional lock-step system. The conventional school organisation has the child move through a predetermined curriculum at a fixed pace, whereas multi-age classes require that teachers focus on needs-based teaching, thus adapting the curriculum to suit the individual student. As a result of this shift in emphasis, it has been common for teachers in multi-age schools to experience dilemmas caused by the dissonance between their own and the school’s assumptions about teaching, learning, knowledge and social relations. However, this clash of individuals’ beliefs and mandated practices is an under-researched area of scholarship particularly within multi-age settings, and is thus the focus of the present research. A framework based on the construct of beliefs and belief systems was used for understanding the personal and idiosyncratic nature of a teacher’s practice. Such a framework proposes that beliefs can be classified in terms of personal assumptions about self, relationships, knowledge, change and teaching and learning. These classifications, rather than being discrete dimensions acting in isolation, tend to be organised into a coherent and interdependent belief system or orientation. The notion of orientation was found to be a suitable framework within which to investigate the interplay between beliefs and practices over a two year period in one school context that is likely to provide challenges and opportunities for professional growth and development. Because the study focused upon the beliefs and practices of six teachers in a multi-age setting, elements of a qualitative approach to research were employed. The research design adopted for this study is grounded in an interpretative approach which looks for culturally derived and historically situated interpretations of the social world. Within this framework a case-study approach to research was used so as to reveal the interplay between the teachers’ beliefs and practices. The study found that the concept of orientations provides a suitable framework for understanding the personal and idiosyncratic nature of a teacher’s beliefs and practices. It was evident that beliefs about self, relationships, knowledge and change were highly significant in shaping the essential nature of teachers’ orientations. It was found that a summary label, based on these four beliefs, could be used to define the thematic nature of each teacher’s orientation. These recognisably different labels demonstrated that each teacher’s four beliefs were not just a pattern, but also a thematically defined pattern. It was also found that whilst some beliefs are thematically central other beliefs are not inherently thematic but are influenced in thematically derived ways. It was the configuration of these core/secondary beliefs that highlighted the importance of investigating belief combinations rather than discrete belief dimensions when attempting to understand the teacher as a person. It was also concluded that the teachers’ orientations in this study structured their practice in a way that was personal and internally consistent, indicating the dynamic coupling of beliefs and practices. It was clear that individual orientations, shaped by core beliefs, framed the challenges and possibilities that the multi-age ethos offered in varied and personal ways. In addition, the study found that the patterns of, and reasons for, change were complex and therefore it is unlikely that professional in-service will succeed if based on only one of the models of change proposed in the literature. The teachers in this study did not experience dilemmas as dichotomous situations but rather as complex and interrelated challenges to their whole belief system. Not all the teachers in this study approached the challenge of change in the same way. It was evident that individuals had constructed their own narrative for the need to change, and that this orientation tended to dominate the self-improvement agenda. Finally, this study demonstrated that not only the educational consequences of an innovation need to be taken into account, but also how well it is implemented in each classroom, and how compatible each teacher’s orientation is with the ethos underpinning the innovation.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Curriculum, Teaching and Learning
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Brown, Martha. ""I seemed to understand": Mothers' Experiences of the Schooling of Their Children with Multiple Disabilities." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20083.
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Mothers of children with multiple disabilities have unique and important things to tell us about their children's schooling. In this work, the overarching question asks: How do the mothers of children with multiple disabilities narrate their experiences with their children's schooling, and what insights can their stories provide? Within a feminist framework that acknowledges participating mothers as “expert witnesses” (Traustadottir, 1991, p. 216) with important insights, this study employs a hermeneutic-phenomenological approach to develop the themes that, taken together, can be said to describe these participants' experiences. Four mothers of children with multiple disabilities were interviewed in an open-ended qualitative manner, and their experiences are thematized in this thesis. It is my hope that the stories so generously offered by the participants, and the themes which arise from them, can play a part in guiding those involved in the education of students with multiple disabilities, in changing our practice and policies in order to truly include children with disabilities and their caregivers in our schools.
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HUI-MEI, HUANG, and 黃惠美. "PerPerpetual Beatific -The Parenting Experience of Multiple Disablement Home Schooling." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29295045260709570175.
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碩士國立嘉義大學
家庭教育研究所
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An object of study for parents of multiple disablement home schooling, the objective is to search for the parenting of home schooling, to understand the family interaction and requirement, to conclude the experience, to provide some usable information for welfare policy. In order to promoting the function of home schooling, reducing the chaotic reason of society, and providing other parents of home schooling some encouragement. In order to go deep into the theme, researcher select the method of quality(hermeneutic phenomenology), to press close to the inner world of object of study, to show the complete experience. The conclusion of the study concludes four theme : They are “to struggle in the inner world ” , “to exhaust spirit and strength”, “to run short of substance and external pressure” , “having blue sky of the outer window”.
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Bukus, Beatrix. "Pupils in the context of multiple and multidirectional migration during their obligatory schooling years." 2019. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70545.
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This qualitative study is about the experiences of school-age children with multiple and multidirectional migration, and about how they challenge the established conceptualisation of social and educational integration and contribute to a better understanding of globalisation and transnationalism. Reasons and ways my study participants got involved in this form of migration were elaborated on, and their experiences and the effects on their lives and educational attainments were examined. This exploration connects to the scarce research literature on the diverse forms of migration among children and delivers evidence for the
importance of looking into the individual biographical experiences of school-age children in order to rethink and adapt concrete measures supporting local educational and social integration.:1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Framework
3. Secondary literature review
4. Research questions and research methods
5. Cases and Context
6. Findings of the data analysis
7. Discussion and outlook
Secondary literature
List of Figures and Charts
Table of content for the AppendixDie Dissertation befasst sich mit Biografien von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit einer mehrfachen und mehrdirektionalen Migrationserfahrung während ihres Schulpflichtalters und diskutiert, wie diese Erfahrungen die etablierte Konzeptualisierung der sozialen und schulischen Integration herausfordern und zu einem besseren Verständnis von Globalisierung und Transnationalismus beitragen. Es wurde untersucht, aus welchen Gründen und auf welche Art und Weise meine StudienteilnehmerInnen in dieser Migrationsform involviert waren, sowie welche Auswirkungen ihre mehrfache und mehrdirektionale Migrationserfahrung auf ihr Leben und ihre Bildungskarriere hatten.:1. Introduction 2. Theoretical Framework 3. Secondary literature review 4. Research questions and research methods 5. Cases and Context 6. Findings of the data analysis 7. Discussion and outlook Secondary literature List of Figures and Charts Table of content for the Appendix
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Prasad, Gail. "Alter(n)ative Literacies: Elementary Teachers' Practices with Culturally and Linguistically Diverse students in one French-language School in Ontario." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18108.
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This case study was conducted in one elementary French-language school in Ontario with 1 administrator, 4 teachers and their culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students. Through the integration of bhabha’s (1994) notion of Third space, multiple literacies theory (Cummins, 2001; Masny 2009) and by drawing on interviews, observations, and students’ work samples, I conceptualise an alter(n)ative literacies framework to address growing diversity in French-language schools. The term alter(n)ative is developed to express the intertwined benefit of expanding traditional notions of literacy to include alternative language practices and the potential alter-ative effect of re-envisioning the resources children bring to their literacy and language development at school. This thesis argues that teachers can critically (re)interprete official policies concerning Frenchlanguage schools in order to effectively foster students’ alter(n)ative literacies development. In doing so, teachers affirm the plurality of students’ multiple identities as a foundation for their participation within evolving cosmopolitan franco-ontarian communities.
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Pinheiro, Joana dos Santos. "Inteligências múltiplas de alunos de 2.º e 3.º ciclo : um estudo na área metropolitana do Porto." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/27148.
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Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma análise descritiva das Inteligências Múltiplas de uma amostra de alunos do 2º e 3º ciclo, relacionando-as com variáveis pessoais e académicas. A amostra foi constituída por 512 alunos (48,8% rapazes e 51,2% raparigas) de quatro escolas privadas da Área Metropolitana do Porto. Estes alunos frequentavam o 5º ano (47,3%) e o 7º ano (52,7%) e apresentavam idades entre os 9 e 15 anos. A recolha de dados foi realizada através da escala Multiple Intelligences Survey for Kids (MISK; Candler, 2011), adaptada para a população Portuguesa por Mendes (2015). Os resultados indicam que as raparigas apresentam valores superiores aos dos rapazes nas inteligências Verbal-Linguística, Musical, Visual-Espacial, Corporal-Cinestésica e Interpessoal, enquanto os rapazes se destacam na inteligência Lógico-Matemática. Em relação ao ano de escolaridade, os resultados mostram que os alunos de 5º ano apresentam valores superiores aos dos alunos de 7º ano nas Inteligências Naturalista, Verbal-Linguística, Musical, Visual-Espacial e Corporal-Cinestésica. Por fim, os resultados obtidos indicam a existência de uma correlação positiva estatisticamente significativa entre as Inteligências Lógico-Matemática e Interpessoal e o rendimento escolar a Matemática e entre as Inteligências Lógico-Matemática, Verbal-Linguística, Corporal-Cinestésica e Interpessoal e o rendimento escolar a Português.This study, has had as goal accomplish a descriptive analysis of the Multiple Intelligences of a sample of students from the second and third cycles relating them to personal and academic variables. The sample consisted of 512 students (48.8% of the male gender and 51.2% of the female gender) of four private schools in the Oporto Metropolitan Area. These students attended the 5th grade (47,3%) and the 7th grade (52,7%) and were aged between 9 and 15 years. The data collection was done through the scale Multiple Intelligences Survey for Kids (MISK; Candler, 2011), which was adapted for the Portuguese population by Mendes (2015). The results indicate that girls present higher values in relation to boys at the level of Intelligence Linguistic, Musical, Spatial-Visual, Corporal-Kinaesthetic and Interpersonal. The boys stand out more in Logical-Mathematical Intelligence. Regarding the year of schooling, the results show that the students of 5th Year present higher values than the students of 7th Year in the Naturalistic, Verbal-Linguistic, Musical, Spatial-Visual and Corporal-Kinaesthetic Intelligence. Finally, the results indicate the existence of a statistically significant positive correlation between Intelligences Logical-Mathematical and Interpersonal Intelligence and academic achievement in Mathematics and Logical-Mathematical, Verbal-Linguistic, Kinaesthetic and Interpersonal Intelligence and Portuguese academic performance.
Books on the topic "Multiage schooling"
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Schooling girls, queuing women: Multiple standpoints and ongoing inequalities. Boulder, Colo: Paradigm Publishers, 2011.
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Multiple-shift schooling: Design and operation for cost-effectiveness. London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 1989.
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Rao, S. Sudhakar. Multiple media schooling: Problems and management : with special reference to Andaman and Nicobar islands. New Delhi: Deep & Deep Publications, 2006.
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Bray, Mark. Multiple-Shift Schooling. Commonwealth, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.14217/9781848594487-en.
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Moore, Helen A. Schooling Girls, Queuing Women: Multiple Standpoints and Ongoing Inequalities. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
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Russell, Stephen T., and Stacey S. Horn, eds. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Schooling. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780199387656.001.0001.
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Studies of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth show them to be at risk for some of the greatest difficulties experienced by adolescents: many of those problems have been traced directly to negative experiences in schooling. After more than a decade of research focused on the experiences of LGBT students in schools, a new generation of studies has begun to identify characteristics of schools that are associated with inclusion and safety for LGBT students, including practices and policies that are associated with positive school climate and student well-being. This book brings together contributions from a diverse group of researchers, policy analysts, and education practitioners from around the world to synthesize the implications for practice and policy of contemporary research on sexual orientation, gender identity, and schooling. It draws from multiple disciplinary perspectives and field vantage points and represents perspectives from around the world and from diverse sociocultural contexts. Included are syntheses of key areas of research relevant to SOGI issues in schooling, reviews and examples of new models and approaches for educational practice from around the world, case studies of innovative analyses or reflections on approaches to transformational policy and practice, specific examples of the application of research to change practice and policy, and case studies of efforts that take place at the nexus of research, practice, and policy. The fundamental goal of the book is to advance SOGI social justice through strengthening the relationship between research, practice, and policy to support LGBT students and schools.
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Singleton, Martha. Multiple Choice: Finding the Best Answer for Your Child's Education. Abilene Christian University Press, 2018.
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Multiple Choice: Finding the Best Answer for Your Child's Education. Leafwood Publishers, 2018.
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Myles, John. Three Challenges for the Social Investment Strategy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790488.003.0032.
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Three challenges are highlighted in this chapter to the realization of the social investment strategy in our twenty-first-century world. The first such challenge—intertemporal politics—lies in the term ‘investment’, a willingness to forego some measure of current consumption in order to realize often uncertain gains in the future that would not occur otherwise, such as better schooling, employment, and wage outcomes for the next generation. Second, the conditions that enabled our post-war predecessors to invest heavily in future-oriented public goods—a sustained period of economic growth and historically exceptional tolerance for high levels of taxation—no longer obtain. Third, the millennial cohorts who will bear the costs of a new, post-industrial, investment strategy are more economically divided than earlier cohorts and face multiple demands raised by issues such as population aging and global warming, among others.
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Hochschild, Jennifer L., and Nathan Scovronick. American Dream and Public Schools. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195152784.001.0001.
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Why is education policy so contentious? Do conflicts over specific issues in schooling have anything in common? Are there general principles that can help us resolve these disputes? In this book the authors find the source of many debates over schooling in the multiple goals and internal contradictions of the national ideology we call the American dream. They also propose a framework for helping Americans get past acrimonious debates in order to help all children learn. The American Dream and the Public Schools examines issues that have excited and divided Americans for years, including desegregation, school funding, testing, vouchers, bilingual education, multicultural education, and ability grouping. These seem to be separate problems, but much of the contention over them comes down to the same thing--an apparent conflict, rooted in the American dream, between policies designed to promote each student's ability to pursue success and those designed to insure the good of all students or the nation as a whole. The authors show how policies to promote individual success too often benefit only those already privileged by race or class, and too often conflict, unnecessarily, with policies that are intended to benefit everyone. The book also examines issues such as creationism and Afrocentrism, where the disputes lie between those who attack the validity of the American dream and those who believe that such a challenge has no place in the public schools. At the end of the book, the authors examine the impact of our nation's rapid racial and ethnic transformation on the pursuit of all of these goals, and they propose ways to make public education work better to help all children succeed and become the citizens we need.
Book chapters on the topic "Multiage schooling"
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Courtois, Aline. "The Multiple Facets of Excellence." In Elite Schooling and Social Inequality, 157–89. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-52277-1_7.
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Stenroos, Marko, and Jenni Helakorpi. "The Multiple Stories in Finnish Roma Schooling." In Social and Economic Vulnerability of Roma People, 99–116. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52588-0_7.
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AbstractRegardless of the good reputation of the Finnish basic education system, Finnish Roma children fall behind the overall average in their performance of academic skills: Roma children face more challenges completing basic education and have more repeated school years. Furthermore, compared to the average, Roma youth apply less for upper secondary education and thus their general level of education remains low. However, looking at Roma education solely through problematic representations only provides a partial picture. In this article, based on two separate sets of fieldwork among Finnish Kaale Roma, we examine how teachers, Roma activists and mediators perceive the educational trajectories of Finnish Roma children and youth. The article seeks to scrutinize Finnish Roma schooling within the framework of the Finnish National Policy on Roma (NRIS). The analysis highlights the multiplicity of voices in the field, discusses the possibilities, and thus problematizes the single-aspect discourse on Roma education. Many countries in Central and Eastern Europe struggle with school and residential segregation, but Finnish Roma face different challenges.
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Tapp, Lukas, Veronika Kurchyna, Falco Nogatz, Jan Ole Berndt, and Ingo J. Timm. "School’s Out? Simulating Schooling Strategies During COVID-19." In Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems. Best and Visionary Papers, 48–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20179-0_2.
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Thomson, Sue. "Australia: PISA Australia—Excellence and Equity?" In Improving a Country’s Education, 25–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59031-4_2.
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AbstractAustralia’s education system reflects its history of federalism. State and territory governments are responsible for administering education within their jurisdiction and across the sector comprising government (public), Catholic systemic and other independent schooling systems. They collaborate on education policy with the federal government. Over the past two decades the federal government has taken a greater role in funding across the education sector, and as a result of this involvement and the priorities of federal governments of the day, Australia now has one of the highest rates of non-government schooling in the OECD. Funding equity across the sectors has become a prominent issue. Concerns have been compounded by evidence of declining student performance since Australia’s initial participation in PISA in 2000, and the increasing gap between our high achievers and low achievers. This chapter explores Australia’s PISA 2018 results and what they reveal about the impact of socioeconomic level on student achievement. It also considers the role of school funding and the need to direct support to those schools that are attempting to educate the greater proportion of an increasingly diverse student population including students facing multiple layers of disadvantage.
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Jucker, Rolf, and Jakob von Au. "Outdoor Learning—Why It Should Be High up on the Agenda of Every Educator." In High-Quality Outdoor Learning, 1–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04108-2_1.
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AbstractIn a world challenged by increasingly complex crises, a sound understanding of reality and high quality learning become crucial elements for strengthening children and making societies more resilient and fit for the future. This chapter argues that outdoor learning—even given the fact that quite a few aspects of it are under-researched—can play an important role in contributing to the kind of learning the twenty-first century needs. Outdoor learning enables cumulative, fundamental fostering of learning in multiple dimensions, such as academic learning, social interaction, personal development and well-being, mental, physical and social health, creativity, and much more. It is an add-in approach, easy to integrate into normal schooling, at very low cost. It therefore should be very high up on the agenda of any decision maker who is concerned with the future of our education systems. The chapter elaborates why the reminder of the book is a toolbox for just such decision makers in education authorities, teacher-training universities, schools and research institutions, to systemically embed outdoor learning in their respective practices.
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Frønes, Tove Stjern, Andreas Pettersen, Jelena Radišić, and Nils Buchholtz. "Equity, Equality and Diversity in the Nordic Model of Education—Contributions from Large-Scale Studies." In Equity, Equality and Diversity in the Nordic Model of Education, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61648-9_1.
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AbstractIn education, the ‘Nordic model’ refers to the similarities and shared aims of the education systems developed in the five Nordic countries—Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Sweden and Norway—after World War II. Traditionally, there have always been many similarities and links between the Nordic countries through their historical connections and geographical proximity. The common experience of solidarity and political oppression during World War II also created the basis for a common political orientation in the postwar period, which was also reflected in the education systems during the development of the countries’ economies and their establishment of welfare states. At the same time, this very process has been strongly supported by social-democratic governance in these countries in the 1960s and 1970s (Blossing, Imsen, & Moos, 2014). The model is based on a concept ofEducation for All, where equity, equal opportunities and inclusion are consistently cited as the goal of schooling and orientation (Blossing et al., 2014; Telhaug, Mediås, & Aasen, 2006). This corresponds to the egalitarian idea of a classless society, which is characterised by individual democratic participation, solidarity and mutual respect and appreciation for all. This idea was manifested in, for example, major reallocations of economic resources through the tax systems and free schooling for all, which arose out of the principle that parents’ lack of economic resources should not prevent children from obtaining a good quality education. The equalisation of structural inequalities and creation of equity was—and still is—the task of the education system in the Nordic countries. Worldwide, especially within the Nordic countries, the view is being shared that the education system should be fair and provide access and opportunities for further education, regardless of where someone lives, the status of the parental home, where someone comes from, what ethnic background someone has, what age or gender someone is, what skills one has or whether someone has physical disabilities (Blossing et al., 2014; Quaiser-Pohl, 2013). Some special features of the Nordic system are therefore deeply embedded in the school culture in the countries, for example, through the fact that access to free and public local schools and adapted education is statutory, which is in contrast to many other countries, even other European ones (further developed and discussed in Chap.10.1007/978-3-030-61648-9_2). The Nordic model is widely considered a good example of educational systems that provide equal learning opportunities for all students. Achieving equity, here meaning the creation of fairness, is expressed concretely in political measures to distribute resources equally and strengthen the equality of marginalised groups by removing the barriers to seize educational opportunities, for example, when mixed-ability comprehensive schools are created or the educational system is made inclusive regarding students with special needs (UNESCO, 1994; Wiborg, 2009). Equality is roughly connoted with ‘sameness in treatment’ (Espinoza, 2007), while equity takes further in consideration also the question of how well the requirements of individual needs are met. Thus, the goal of equity is always linked to the concept of justice, provided that an equality of opportunities is created. If, however, one looks at individual educational policy decisions on the creation of educational justice in isolation, one must weigh which concept of equity or equality is present in each case. For example, it is not enough to formally grant equal rights in the education system to disadvantaged groups, but something must also be done actively to ensure that marginalised groups can use and realise this equality. The complexity of the terms becomes even greater when one considers that to achieve equality, measures can be taken that presuppose an unequal distribution of resources or unequal treatment and, therefore, are not fair e.g., when resources are bundled especially for disadvantaged groups and these are given preferential treatment (will be further developed and discussed in Chap.10.1007/978-3-030-61648-9_2). Thus, equality and equity rely on each other and are in a field of tension comprising multiple ideas (Espinoza, 2007).
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Reimers, Fernando M., and Francisco Marmolejo. "Leading Learning During a Time of Crisis. Higher Education Responses to the Global Pandemic of 2020." In Knowledge Studies in Higher Education, 1–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82159-3_1.
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AbstractThe rapid disruptions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic in multiple sectors and areas of daily life provide a unique opportunity to study the university’s capacity to respond to changes in the external environment, to be a learning organization, in service of addressing significant social challenges. In this book we study universities’ responses to one such challenge: the disruption to educational opportunities caused by the interruption of schooling brought about by the pandemic.In response to the Covid-19 pandemic, universities innovated on several fronts. Unsurprisingly, some of those innovations focused on internal actions implemented to mitigate the impact of the pandemic by transitioning to online teaching delivery or extension of semester break, etc. (Crawford J et al. J Appl Learning Teaching 3.1:1–20, 2020; Leon-Garcia F, Cherbowski-Lask A, Leadership responses to COVID 19: a global survey of college and university leadership. International Association of Universities – Santander Universities. IAUP. https://www.iaup.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/IAUP-Santander_Survey_to_COVID-19_Report2020.pdf, 2020). Beyond the solutions to mitigate the pandemic’s impact on their communities of students, faculty, or staff, universities also innovated to mitigate such impact on the larger community. While the contributions of universities to alleviate the pandemic’s impact have been most visible in public health (Daniels, R. J. 2020. Universities’ Vital Role in the Pandemic Response. Hopkins Bloomberg Public Health Magazine. https://magazine.jhsph.edu/2020/universities-vital-role-pandemic-response), they have extended to other areas of relief and support as well. Almost half of universities participating in a global survey conducted by the International Association of Universities indicated that due to the pandemic, their community engagement had increased (Marinoni G et al. The impact of Covid-19 on higher education around the world. IAU global survey report. International Association of Universities, Paris. https://www.iau-aiu.net/IMG/pdf/iau_covid19_and_he_survey_report_final_may_2020.pdf, 2020).This book is a study of one such response of universities to the pandemic which has not yet received sufficient attention: their support of schools at the pre-collegiate level through a variety of innovative approaches to mitigate the impact of the pandemic on opportunity to learn.In this chapter, we argue that studying such innovations provides insight into the responsiveness of universities to complex societal needs and into their capacity to operate as learning organizations open to their external environment. We introduce the study, explain its value in understanding the role and nature of higher education’s outreach, social impact, and capacity to deal with complex challenges, and summarize the chapters of the book and the results of a survey which was administered to over one-hundred universities to study the nature of their collaborations with schools during the first 9 months of the pandemic, between March and December of 2020.
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"Foreword." In Multiple-Shift Schooling, 7–9. Commonwealth, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.14217/9781848594487-1-en.
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"Quality." In Multiple-Shift Schooling, 82–89. Commonwealth, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.14217/9781848594487-10-en.
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"Alternative Models and Cost-Effectiveness." In Multiple-Shift Schooling, 90–100. Commonwealth, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.14217/9781848594487-11-en.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Multiage schooling"
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Davidson, Christina. "Producing Multiple-Response Sequences During Whole-Class Talk in the Early Years of Schooling." In 2019 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1445324.
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Beutel, Denise Ann, Donna Tangen, and Rebecca Spooner-Lane. "An exploratory study of early career teachers as culturally responsive teachers." In Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.8928.
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The purpose of this study was to advance understanding on how early career teachers imagined themselves to be culturally responsive and how their beliefs and ideologies about teaching a diverse range of learners were challenged and refined during their early years of teaching. This qualitative, exploratory study was conducted in a large, secondary school in eastern Australia that has a highly diverse population of students. Findings indicate that, while these early career teachers lacked preparation for working with diverse learners, building relationships on multiple levels (with students, with fellow beginning teachers, and with senior staff which includes ongoing support and mentoring from colleagues) is essential for the development of early career teachers as culturally responsive practitioners. Findings are discussed in relation to Garmon’s (2005) six key factors for teaching diverse groups of students: openness, self-awareness, commitment to social justice, having intercultural experiences, have support group experiences, and recognising individual growth. These findings have implications for schooling systems in how they can better transition early career teachers to classrooms and for higher education teacher preparation programs in Australia and many other countries with a growing number migrant and refugee students coming into the school system.
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Zurru, Antioco Luigi, Antonello Mura, and Ilaria Tatulli. "Leave no one behind. Design inclusive motor activities in Primary Teacher Education Courses." In Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.9411.
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The development of international policies supporting inclusive education of people with disabilities has initiated a process of social democratization, that requires specific interventions and skills of multiple professionals.The education of future preschool and primary school teachers faces the challenge of inclusion and becomes fertile soil for the promotion of cultural change in society.In this sense, this research work, starting from the experiences of planning and development of inclusive motor activities, conducted for three years in the degree course in Primary Education Sciences of an Italian university, it collects testimonies, experiences and reflections of the students concerning the learning gained in the workshops organized by the degree course and to those acquired during the observation of the different public schools where they carried out the compulsory training to become teachers.The results, collected by the qualitative analysis of data, induce different levels of reflection concerning the current schooling educational practices for teaching motor activity, the training needs of future teachers, the elaboration of specific contents and teaching methods/strategies for the preparation of spaces and tools that guarantee the full accessibility of learning for all the students.
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Manh Tran, Thang, and Dorian Stoilescu. "An Analysis of the Content, Policies and Assessment of ICT Curricula in the Final Years of Secondary Schooling in Australia and Vietnam: A Comparative Educational Study." In InSITE 2016: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Lithuania. Informing Science Institute, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3460.
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[This paper is published in the Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, Volume 15.] This paper explores and analyses similarities and differences in ICT curricula, policies, and assessment between the Vietnamese and Australian educational systems for the final years of secondary educational level. It was found that while having a common core set of tendencies, the Australian ICT curricula, policies, and assessments differ markedly from the Vietnamese counterparts. These differences can be explained by economic and cultural factors, national-wide educational trends, ICT strategies, and their degrees of implementation in schools. We found that limited constructivist implementations are used in ICT curricula in both countries, as Australian education has high expectations in national evaluations with an emphasis on standardized tests and Vietnamese education is still entrapped in prescriptive lessons of traditional pedagogy, emphasizing transmission model of information. We found that lack of opportunities in teacher professional development in ICT training is common for both countries. While the Australian educational system still struggles, especially in providing opportunities for learning theoretical and programming aspects, multiple challenging aspects were found in the ICT content and policies of the Vietnamese educational system that call for immediate change and improvement. In this sense, Vietnamese administrators are recommended to extensively follow up their educational strategies and policies, in order to make sure that their reforms are adequately implemented in schools. In order to bridge the gap and implement adequate ICT curricula, rigorous professional training in ICT teaching is essential for both Australian and Vietnamese teachers.
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Indriani, Frida, Pawito Pawito, and Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari. "Factors Affecting Healthy Behavior among Primary School Children: Application of Health Belief Model." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.63.
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Background: Schools can be an effective institution for developing healthy practices in children. Children in primary schooling age can learn and get used to specific healthy behaviors, such as washing hands, brushing teeth, eating vegetables, etc. This study aimed to determine factors affecting healthy behavior among primary school children using Helth Belief Model. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 25 primary schools in Nganjuk, East Java, from August to December 2019. A sample of 200 primary school students aged 6-12 years was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was healthy behavior. The independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefit, cues to action, and self-efficacy. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple linear regression run on Stata 13. Results: Healthy behavior in primary school students was improved by high perceived susceptibility (b= 1.11; 95% CI= 0.36 to 1.85; p= 0.004), high perceived seriousness (b= 0.66; 95% CI= -0.06 to 1.38; p= 0.075), strong perceived benefit (b= 0.64; 95% CI= -0.86 to 1.36; p= 0.084), cues to action (b= 0.98; 95% CI= 0.26 to 1.71; p= 0.008), and strong self-efficacy (b= 1.4; 95% CI= 0.74 to 2.20; p<0.001). Conclusion: Healthy behavior in primary school students is improved by high perceived susceptibility, high perceived seriousness, strong perceived benefit, cues to action, and strong self-efficacy. Keywords: clean and healthy behavior, health belief model Correspondence: Frida Indriani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: nersfrida15@gmail.com. Mobile: 082226327646 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.63
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Rodrigues, Barbara Luiza Ludvig, Priscilla Eli Alves, and Solange Aparecida de Oliveira Hoeller. "Material culture as a methodological possibility for studies on the history of early childhood education in Brazil." In II INTERNATIONAL SEVEN MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/homeinternationalanais-013.
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Abstract Early Childhood Education in Brazil is now legitimized by the Federal Constitution (BRASIL, 1988) when the Magna Carta discusses the right of children to education, as well as attentive to the duty of the State and the family to comply with this right. To the Law of Guidelines and Bases (BRASIL, 1996), once again Early Childhood Education gains the spotlight when it is defended as the first stage of Basic Education. The 1990s, with those and new achievements, were demarcated with and by the publication of different documents: advisors, curricular, and legislatures. No rights were won without the need for the movement of several groups of society (TELES, 2018). However, one of the most evident movements was that of scholars and researchers in the area of Early Childhood Education who defended/advocated the break with educational care practices and preparation for elementary school, and who discussed the historical dichotomy between daycare centers and kindergartens. With the defense of the dissociability of education and care, it began to understand that Early Childhood Education is a place of care and education and that it aimed/aims at the integral development of children from zero to five years and 11 months, complementing the action of the family and the community (LDB, 1996), being also a place between children's knowledge and knowledge historically constructed by humanity. In this wake, when proposing such a breakup, questions were raised about the ways of organizing curricula for Early Childhood Education, based on a curriculum that holds as centrality the children, their social markers, and their multiple ways of living childhood. These curricula also set the scene for play, social interactions, and languages as axes that structure pedagogical proposals in Early Childhood Education (BRASIL, 2009). To achieve their objectives, the pedagogical proposals of early childhood education institutions must provide conditions for collective work and the organization of materials, spaces, and times In line with the narratives put here, the materialities, which were and are in circulation in the educational units (PERES and SILVA, 2011) enabled/enabled possibilities of representations (CHARTIER, 1991, 1992) on the history of Early Childhood Education in Brazil, through the struggles of representations throughout history. These materialities are capable of being sources and objects of research, from the defenses of cultural history (BURKE, 1991; PESAVENTO, 2003), who maintain that there is a much wider range of sources and objects, moving from the idea that only large "events" would be research objects. It is defended in this summary, that the possibility of taking school culture as a historical object (JULIA, 2001), allowed to outline the circulation, in educational institutions, of material elements (VIÑAO FRAGO, 2008), expanding the circumscription of which there is a school material culture. By marking curricula, objectives, and specific practices for Early Childhood Education, attention is made to the existence of material culture of/for Early Childhood Education, since the break with the school and the schooling conceptions grant us to delimit the material culture that "echoes" aspects of Early Childhood Education, whether analyzed through architecture, toys, of objects, utensils, or even elements of nature.
Reports on the topic "Multiage schooling"
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Kaffenberger, Michelle, and Marla Spivack. System Coherence for Learning: Applications of the RISE Education Systems Framework. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-risewp_2022/086.
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In recent decades, education systems in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have rapidly expanded access to schooling, but learning has lagged behind. There are many reasons for low learning in LMICs. Proximate determinants (such as insufficient financing or poor school management) receive much attention, but focus on these often ignores underlying system drivers. In this chapter we use a systems approach to describe underlying system dynamics that drive learning outcomes. To do so, we first describe the RISE education systems framework and then apply it to two cases. In the case of Sobral, Brazil, the systems framework illustrates how a coherent package of reforms, improving upon multiple system components, produced positive outcomes. In the case of Indonesia, a reform that increased teacher pay, but did not change underlying system dynamics, had no impact on learning. The chapter shows how a systems approach can help to understand success, diagnose failure, and inform action to bring about improvements to children’s learning.
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More Than Brides Alliance—Marriage: No child’s play, Endline evaluation brief. Population Council, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy23.1000.
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This brief summarizes key results from the endline evaluation of the More than Brides Alliance (MTBA) project “Marriage: No Child’s Play” (MNCP) in India, Malawi, Mali, and Niger. The MTBA consists of partners Save the Children Netherlands, Simavi, Oxfam Novib, and the Population Council, along with 25 local implementing partners. The MNCP project—which took place from 2016 to 2020—aimed at being holistic and targeting pathways to child marriage on multiple levels simultaneously, treating communities as either having the full MNCP package or no intervention. The Population Council’s MNCP evaluation was designed to estimate program impact and trends among girls at the community level, across settings that differ with respect to child marriage prevalence and drivers. The evaluation explored behavioral outcomes related to child marriage, schooling, work, and pregnancy, as well as indicators measuring relevant knowledge and attitudes.