Academic literature on the topic 'Multi-Tier Supply Chain'
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Journal articles on the topic "Multi-Tier Supply Chain"
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Gong, Yu, Fu Jia, Steve Brown, and Lenny Koh. "Supply chain learning of sustainability in multi-tier supply chains." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 38, no. 4 (April 3, 2018): 1061–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-05-2017-0306.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how multinational corporations (MNCs) orchestrate internal and external resources to help their multi-tier supply chains learn sustainability-related knowledge. Design/methodology/approach An exploratory multiple case study approach was adopted and three MNCs’ sustainable initiatives in China were examined. The data were primarily collected through 43 semi-structured interviews with managers of focal companies and their multi-tier suppliers. Findings The authors found that in order to facilitate their supply chains to learn sustainability, MNCs tend to orchestrate in breadth by internally setting up new functional departments and externally working with third parties, and orchestrate in depth working directly with their extreme upstream suppliers adopting varied governance mechanisms on lower-tier suppliers along the project lifecycle. The resource orchestration in breadth and depth and along the project lifecycle results in changes of supply chain structure. Practical implications The proposed conceptual model provides an overall framework for companies to design and implement their multi-tier sustainable initiatives. Companies could learn from the suggested learning stages and the best practices of case companies. Originality/value The authors extend and enrich resource orchestration perspective (ROP), which is internally focused, to a supply chain level, and answer a theoretical question of how MNCs orchestrate their internal and external resources to help their supply chains to learn sustainability. The extension of ROP refutes the resource dependence theory, which adopts a passive approach of relying on external suppliers and proposes that MNCs should proactively work with internal and external stakeholders to learn sustainability.
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M. Tachizawa, Elcio, and Chee Yew Wong. "Towards a theory of multi-tier sustainable supply chains: a systematic literature review." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 19, no. 5/6 (September 2, 2014): 643–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-02-2014-0070.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a comprehensive framework that synthesizes approaches and contingency variables to manage the sustainability of multi-tier supply chains and sub-suppliers. Design/methodology/approach – Using a systematic literature review, the authors analyse 39 studies and relevant theories to develop a comprehensive framework that integrates research efforts so far. Findings – The authors build a conceptual framework that incorporates four approaches to manage the sustainability of multi-tier supply chains. They also identify several contingency variables (e.g. power, dependency, distance, industry, knowledge resources) and their effect on the proposed approaches. Research limitations/implications – Based on the framework, six research propositions that advance the theories on multi-tier supply chain management, allow lead firms to develop comprehensive sustainable supply chain strategies and set the ground for future research in the area were developed. Originality/value – This study provides a novel framework for studying sustainability in multi-tier supply chains that goes beyond the single-tier perspective and incorporates the extended supply chain.
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Wang-Mlynek, Liyuan, and Kai Foerstl. "Barriers to multi-tier supply chain risk management." International Journal of Logistics Management 31, no. 3 (August 6, 2020): 465–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-09-2019-0256.
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PurposeMulti-tier supply chain risk management (MSCRM) is an evolving and dynamic field, as any defaults or glitches in supply chains can potentially harm the efficiency and competitiveness of the entire supply chain. This study aims to investigate barriers to MSCRM in the automotive and civil aircraft industries.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts an inductive case study research design. The case analysis includes two parts. First, the within-case analysis develops case profiles and identifies critical categories. Second, the cross-case analysis compares MSCRM patterns across the cases.FindingsThis study argues that narrow information sharing and communication covering only the immediate supply chain partners obstruct the efficiency of MSCRM. Similarly, high dependency on strategic alliances with suppliers hinders efficient MSCRM. Additionally, relying on information and communication technologies (ICT) increases companies' exposure to risks and poses another barrier to efficient MSCRM.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research should be pursued to expand generalizability and test the validity of the findings using other forms of data collection and methodologies, such as large-scale surveys, experiments or secondary data across different sectors and typical supply networks.Practical implicationsThis study provides empirical evidence on the obstacles faced by companies during the process of MSCRM. These findings can guide practitioners in developing initiatives to overcome these challenges.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to investigate the barriers to MSCRM in the automotive and civil aircraft industries using in-depth case studies across three tiers of the supply chain.
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Fraser, Iain J., Martin Müller, and Julia Schwarzkopf. "Transparency for Multi-Tier Sustainable Supply Chain Management: A Case Study of a Multi-tier Transparency Approach for SSCM in the Automotive Industry." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (February 28, 2020): 1814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051814.
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Sustainability in supply chain management (SSCM) has become established in both academia and increasingly in practice. As stakeholders continue to require focal companies (FCs) to take more responsibility for their entire supply chains (SCs), this has led to the development of multi-tier SSCM (MT-SSCM). Much extant research has focused on simple supply chains from certain industries. Recently, a comprehensive traceability for sustainability (TfS) framework has been proposed, which outlines how companies could achieve MT-SSCM through traceability. Our research builds on this and responds to calls for cases from the automotive industry by abductively analysing a multi-tier supply chain (MT-SC) transparency case study. This research analyses a raw material SC that is particularly renowned for sustainability problems—the cobalt supply chain for electric vehicles—and finds that the extant literature has oversimplified the operationalisation of transparency in MT-SSCM. We compare the supply chain maps of the MT-SC before and after an auditing and mapping project to demonstrate the transparency achieved. Our findings identify challenges to the operationalisation of SC transparency and we outline how FCs might set to increase MT-SC transparency for sustainability.
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Nath, Shobod Deba, and Gabriel Eweje. "Inside the multi-tier supply firm: exploring responses to institutional pressures and challenges for sustainable supply management." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 41, no. 6 (July 15, 2021): 908–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-09-2020-0651.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine how multi-tier suppliers respond to the institutional pressures for the implementation of sustainable supply management (SSM) practices in supply chains, and what institutional logics allow them to do so.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a qualitative research design, drawing on data from semi-structured interviews with 46 owners and managers of multi-tier suppliers and 18 key informants of diverse stakeholders. Following an abductive approach, institutional theory conceptually guides the analytical iteration processes between theory and interview data.FindingsThe findings demonstrate two kinds of thematic responses to institutional pressures – coupling (good side) and decoupling (dark side) of the supply chain – used by the factory management of multi-tier suppliers. This paper also identifies multiple institutional logics – market-led logic, values-led logic and holistic sustainability logic – that are perceived to conflict (trade-offs) and complement (synergies) the SSM implementation.Research limitations/implicationsBy investigating the perspectives of the factory management of upstream apparel suppliers, this study enhances the understanding of the connection between (de)coupling responses and institutional logics inside the multi-tier supplier firms. Further research would be required to include more downstream tiers including the ultimate users.Practical implicationsThe findings may be of particular attention to brand-owning apparel retailers, industry leaders and policymakers who are seeking to understand multi-tier suppliers' challenges, conflicts and (de)coupling responses, and become aware of how they can be dealt with.Originality/valueThis study contributes to and expands the embryonic research stream of sustainable multi-tier supply chain management by connecting it to the wider application of institutional theory.
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Jia, Fu, Yu Gong, and Steve Brown. "Multi-tier sustainable supply chain management: The role of supply chain leadership." International Journal of Production Economics 217 (November 2019): 44–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.07.022.
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Karaer, Özgen, Tim Kraft, and Pınar Yalçın. "Supplier development in a multi-tier supply chain." IISE Transactions 52, no. 4 (October 16, 2019): 464–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24725854.2019.1659523.
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Sarkis, Joseph, Ernesto DR Santibanez Gonzalez, and S. C. Lenny Koh. "Effective multi-tier supply chain management for sustainability." International Journal of Production Economics 217 (November 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.09.014.
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Kembro, Joakim, and Kostas Selviaridis. "Exploring information sharing in the extended supply chain: an interdependence perspective." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 20, no. 4 (June 8, 2015): 455–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-07-2014-0252.
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Purpose – This paper aims to empirically explore demand-related information sharing in the extended supply chain. Design/methodology/approach – Through a single, embedded case design, a range of methods are used to collect data from companies representing three different supply chain tiers, including focal company, first-tier suppliers and first-tier customers. The collected data are analysed through the theoretical lens of interdependence. Findings – The findings indicate that the supply chain actors adapt information sharing to the pooled, serial or reciprocal type of interdependence. Information sharing is thus increased with key dyadic partners representing, for example, unique offerings and high market shares as percentage of total expenditure/sales. The study also unearths several barriers to information sharing beyond dyadic ties, including problems related to dis-aggregated, misinterpreted and/or incomplete information. Research limitations/implications – The study empirically contributes to the existing literature by exploring information sharing in the extended supply chain and by suggesting different approaches to information sharing depending on the type and intensity of interdependence between supply chain partners. Further, the paper contributes to the existing literature on barriers of information sharing in supply chains by identifying barriers specific to multi-tier information sharing. “Meta-information” (i.e. information about the shared information) is needed to overcome some of the barriers of sharing information in cases of weak, pooled interdependencies in the supply chain. Practical implications – Similar to previous empirical research, this exploratory study indicates that companies, in general, refrain from sharing information beyond dyadic ties. Supply chain managers would instead mostly focus on stronger, reciprocal interdependencies and emphasise dyadic information sharing. To further guide managers, a demand profiling framework considering market share and demand uncertainty is presented. It may be interesting to engage in multi-tier information sharing in particular cases where strong interdependence exists between three or more partners. Originality/value – This study contributes to existing research on information sharing in supply chains by empirically studying information sharing in an extended supply chain, applying interdependence theory as its analytical framework and unearthing several barriers that are specific to multi-tier information sharing.
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Young, Steven, Shannon Fernandes, and Michael Wood. "Jumping the Chain: How Downstream Manufacturers Engage with Deep Suppliers of Conflict Minerals." Resources 8, no. 1 (January 26, 2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8010026.
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Global manufacturing firms are engaging distant suppliers of critical raw materials to participate in responsible sourcing. Downstream firms are concerned about risks in mineral supply chains of violent conflict, human rights violations, and poor governance, but they are limited in seeing their suppliers. Descriptive data on 323 smelters and refiners of tantalum, tin, tungsten, and gold (the “conflict minerals”) were complemented by interviews with downstream firms in the electronics industry. Results provided a narrative of supplier engagement, describing tactics used to identify “deep suppliers” at chokepoints in metals supply and to persuade producers into joining due diligence programs. Top-tier firms collaborate through a standards program to overcame barriers of geography and cultural distance in supply chain management beyond the visible horizon. Curiously, manufacturers do not need line-of-sight transparency to lower-tier suppliers. Rather, top-tier firms are “jumping the chain” to engage directly with “deep suppliers” who may—or may not—be their own actual physical suppliers. The research contributes empirical evidence to understanding multi-tier supply chains, examines how power is exercised by top-tier firms managing suppliers, and provides insights on supply chain transparency. Responsible sourcing, based on due diligence guidance and standards, is becoming expected of companies that are involved in supply chains of raw materials.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Multi-Tier Supply Chain"
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Hillstrom, David (David P. ). "Multi-tier supply chain assessment of garment environmental sustainability." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117965.
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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2018.Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 59-62 ).
Li & Fung is a global, leading trading firm that connects manufacturing vendors with retailers. Li & Fung is responsible for the supply of beauty products, furniture, and apparel, with the majority of sales in the apparel category. Li & Fung has developed strong relationships with a large portion of global retailers and maintains a leading market position in the global garment market. Furthermore, Li & Fung leverages a complex supply chain of over 16,000 partner factories across 40 countries. These factories employ hundreds of thousands of workers who perform the difficult work of producing a variety of garments. This large footprint of factories and employees results in an equally large environmental footprint. Although it is well known that the environmental impact is substantial, with researchers stating that the apparel industry is one of the largest global polluters, it has been difficult to quantify the business impact as a whole, let alone the impact of a single garment. Through this internship, the objective was to quantify the environmental impact of factories and products. This quantification will enhance decision-making and arm the business with a toolset to help factories improve and drive down impact in a targeted manner. Furthermore, these quantifications are manifested in product level footprints and factory metrics calculated with the use of internally generated data and external data. The internal data provided much of the backbone for the analysis and its collection was completed through an internally developed, proprietary tool. External data was then gathered to address information gaps in the supply chain. Together this data formed the basis for Li & Fung's Environmental Assessment Tool. This tool provides potential benefits at all levels of the supply chain. In particular, it allows designers and customers to make informed decisions about product attributes that drive environmental impact, factories to compare their environmental impact against an appropriate peer group and make educated decisions, and Li & Fung to quantify their environmental impact and take steps to address environmental hotspots.
by David Hillstrom.
M.B.A.
S.M.
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Batista, Janaina Siegler Marques. "Supply chain turbulence: the impact of a mid-range event in multi-tier, multi-dimension supply chains." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/13937.
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Nota: A autora agradece à Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) pela concessão de bolsa de estudos para o desenvolvimento deste projeto de pesquisa.Submitted by Janaina Siegler (janaina.siegler@gmail.com) on 2015-08-18T00:46:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jana Tese 10 ficha catalog.pdf: 5941307 bytes, checksum: 72743b682d62fd8c625ec73724627d90 (MD5)
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This dissertation aims at understanding complex multi-tier, multi-dimension supply chains, investigating why and how an event in a focal firm affects members of its own and other supply chains. To fulfill this goal, two approaches were used, a theoretical and an empirical approach. For the theoretical study, we developed a novel way to look at dissemination of the impact of an event over a supply chain through metaphorical transfer. We built upon the physics of stone skipping, analyzing the correspondence between elements from physics and supply chains at the levels of ontology, analogy, and identity. The main contributions of the theoretical study were the development of six propositions and a model of dissemination of the impact of an event over a supply chain. Second, we applied the propositions using a set of qualitative data collected in the cosmetics industry in Brazil. We conducted 131 semi-structured in-depth interviews and 22 site visits, in addition to observation and analysis of documents. The multiple case studies were based on six complex, multi-tier, multi-dimension supply chains encompassing up to seven tiers each. Within and cross-case analysis were conducted. The results of the empirical study are presented in two parts. First, we analyzed the six supply chains in detail and identified six mid-range events that had impacts beyond the source firm. Second, we tested the propositions from the theoretical part of this study and their application to the identified mid-range events. Our results indicated that, differently from the current literature, supply chains are not linear. In multi-tier, multi-dimension supply chains, the same firm can play different roles according to the supply chain it is part of different times. Thus, supply chains are better portrayed as a set of interlocking networks. Our findings also support viewing a supply chain as a chain of individual relationships. Several elements impact the dissemination of the impact of an event over a supply chain. Among them, power of the source firm and the personal social influence of the individuals in the source firm play a significant role. In addition, because individuals make decisions and implement events, it is important to consider that personal heuristics, biases, and locus of control will be manifested by the individuals in all contexts, both internal (focal firm), and external (supply chin links), and that those human irrationalities will impact the perception of the event and influence the continuity and extent of its impact in the supply chain. Our findings also support the notion that the impact of an event is disseminated over a supply chain through its members’ weak ties.
Esta tese objetivou compreender cadeias de suprimento multi niveis e multi dimensionais, investigando como e porque um evento em uma empresa focal afeta membros de sua propria cadeia de suprimentos e outras cadeias. Para atender este objetivo, duas abordagens foram utilizadas: uma teórica e uma empírica. Para o estudo teórico, desenvolvemos uma nova forma de olhar a disseminação do impacto de um evento na cadeia de suprimentos utilizando transferência metafórica. Nos baseamos na física de pedras que saltam na água, analisando a correspondência dentre os elementos da física e das cadeias de suprimentos nos niveis de ontologia, analogia e identidade. A principal contribuição do estudo teórico reside no desenvolvimento de seis proposições e um modelo para a disseminação do impacto de um evento na cadeia de suprimentos. Em seguida, nós aplicamos tais proposições numa base de dados coletada no setor de cosméticos no Brasil. Foram conduzidas 131 entrevistas em profundidade e 22 visitas à fábricas e unidades de negócio por todo o país. Complementarmente também foram conduzidas observações e análise de documentos secundários. Estudos de casos múltiplos individuais e comparativos foram desenvolvidos baseados em seis cadeias de suprimentos complexas, multi-niveis e multi-dimensionais, que englobaram de cinco a sete niveis cada uma. Os resultados foram apresentados em duas partes. No primeiro, anlisamos as seis cadeias de suprimentos em detalhes e identificamos seis eventos de médio porte que tiveram impactos em suas cadeias de suprimentos além da empresa focal onde foi iniciado. Em seguida, aplicamos as proposições do estudo teórico nos eventos de médio porte identificados. Nosso resultados indicaram que, diferentemente da literatura, cadeias de suprimentos não são lineares. Em condicões reais, a mesma empresa pode representar diferentes papéis de acordo com a cadeia de suprimento que ela é parte em diferentes momentos. Assim, cadeias de suprimentos são melhor representadas como um conjunto de redes interligadas. Nossos achados também suportam a visão de cadeias de suprimentos como uma rede de relações individuais. Vários diferentes elementos influenciam na disseminação do impacto de um evento em uma cadeia de suprimentos, dentre eles, o poder da empresa e a habilidade de influência social dos indivíduos que fazem parte daquela empresa têm papel relevante. Também é importante considerar que irracionalidades pessoais como heurísitcas, vieses, e locus de controle serão manifestados por indivíduos em todos os contextos, interno (empresa focal) e externo (cadeia de suprimentos), e que tais irracionalidades impactam a percepção do evento, a continuidade e extensão de seus impactos na cadeia de suprimentos. Nossos achados ainda suportam a noção de que o impacto de um evento é disseminado na cadeia de suprimentos por meio dos laços fracos construídos pelos membros das organizações.
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Ma'Aram, Azanizawati. "An examination of multi-tier supply chain strategy alignment in the food industry." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539499.
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Khoo, Chin Won. "The development of a multi-tier supply chain performance measurement system for the automotive industry." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433062.
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Zhou, Rongyan. "Exploration of opportunities and challenges brought by Industry 4.0 to the global supply chains and the macroeconomy by integrating Artificial Intelligence and more traditional methods." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPAST037.
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L'industrie 4.0 est un changement important et un défi de taille pour chaque segment industriel. La recherche utilise d'abord l'analyse de la littérature pour trier la littérature et énumérer la direction du développement et l'état d'application de différents domaines, ce qui se consacre à montrer un rôle de premier plan pour la théorie et la pratique de l'industrie 4.0. La recherche explore ensuite la tendance principale de l'offre à plusieurs niveaux dans l'industrie 4.0 en combinant l'apprentissage automatique et les méthodes traditionnelles. Ensuite, la recherche examine la relation entre l'investissement et l'emploi dans l'industrie 4.0 pour examiner la dépendance interrégionale de l'industrie 4.0 afin de présenter un regroupement raisonnable basé sur différents critères et de faire des suggestions et une analyse de la chaîne d'approvisionnement mondiale pour les entreprises et les organisations.De plus, notre système d'analyse jette un coup d'oeil sur la macroéconomie. La combinaison du traitement du langage naturel dans l'apprentissage automatique pour classer les sujets de recherche et de la revue de la littérature traditionnelle pour enquêter sur la chaîne d'approvisionnement à plusieurs niveaux améliore considérablement l'objectivité de l'étude et jette une base solide pour des recherches ultérieures. L'utilisation de réseaux et d'économétrie complexes pour analyser la chaîne d'approvisionnement mondiale et les problèmes macroéconomiques enrichit la méthodologie de recherche au niveau macro et politique. Cette recherche fournit des analyses et des références aux chercheurs, aux décideurs et aux entreprises pour leur prise de décision stratégiqueIndustry 4.0 is a significant shift and a tremendous challenge for every industrial segment, especially for the manufacturing industry that gave birth to the new industrial revolution. The research first uses literature analysis to sort out the literature, and focuses on the use of “core literature extension method” to enumerate the development direction and application status of different fields, which devotes to showing a leading role for theory and practice of industry 4.0. The research then explores the main trend of multi-tier supply in Industry 4.0 by combining machine learning and traditional methods. Next, the research investigates the relationship of industry 4.0 investment and employment to look into the inter-regional dependence of industry 4.0 so as to present a reasonable clustering based on different criteria and make suggestions and analysis of the global supply chain for enterprises and organizations. Furthermore, our analysis system takes a glance at the macroeconomy. The combination of natural language processing in machine learning to classify research topics and traditional literature review to investigate the multi-tier supply chain significantly improves the study's objectivity and lays a solid foundation for further research. Using complex networks and econometrics to analyze the global supply chain and macroeconomic issues enriches the research methodology at the macro and policy level. This research provides analysis and references to researchers, decision-makers, and companies for their strategic decision-making
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Li, Chia-chen, and 李嘉鎮. "Developing Optimal Procurement Strategy for Multi-Tier Distributed Supply Chain." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41112154011306954118.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
工業管理系所
99
With the impact of globalization, supply chain systems are growing in size, business environment is changing rapidly, and rivalry among established companies is intensifying. Under such circumstances, it has become a rather complicated task to manage supply chains. The management of a supply chain covers four major activities, including planning, production, procurement, and distribution. As far as procurement management is concerned, the most critical factors are supplier selection as well as order allocation. After a review of related literatures, we found that prior studies focused their attention solely on order allocation problems encountered by 2-teir centralized supply chains rather than those encountered by multi-tier decentralized ones. For the latter, how to select qualified suppliers, optimize their allocation of order quantities and enhance supply chain performance is much more difficult in that companies within the decentralized supply chains are all independent organizations which make their own decisions without referring to any others. To address the aforementioned problem, this study first adopts the most popular criteria for supplier selection, and based on the criteria, a decision model for companies' order allocation in multi-tier distributed supply chains is further developed. Moreover, to help supply chain companies optimally allocate their orders, an algorithm, modified from the frontier portfolios search, is proposed here. To evaluate the performance of the algorithm, this study carries out three experiments. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can enhance supply chain companies' abilities to not only secure orders but also minimize procurement costs in fulfilling orders. The proposed algorithm can be used in the future to implement a multi-agent system for supply chain companies in allocating their orders.
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Huang, Yi-Ming, and 黃翊銘. "Applying Bayesian Networks to Diagnose Multi-Tier Supply Chain Disruption Risk." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39583079196572096366.
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碩士國立中興大學
企業管理學系所
104
Due to the globalization of businesses, enterprises are now challenged by more and more potential competitions. In response to such trend, firms start to cooperate with their suppliers more deeply than ever. The competition among individual firms has changed to the one among supply chains.Therefore, supply chain management receives more attention from managers and scholars, specifically in the context of supply chain risk. How firms are able to notice and respond to risk at the earliest time, and realize that their supply chains may be at risk becomes very crucial. By diagnosing the possible factors for risks, firms are able to prevent it in advance. Most previous studies, which applied Bayesian network to diagnose supply chains’ disruption risk, investigate only one level of the supply chain. Our study proposes that if downstream firms are able to spot upstream firms’ disruption risk beforehand, cost could be reduced by responding early. This study uses the public data to establish a multi-level supply chain risk diagnosis model and assumes that the risk deferred from upstream manufacturers completely or partially. Under the assumption of partially deferred during the month of May 2015, the interruption ratio of the supply chain vendors within the sampled company falls on 0.037 on average. When disaster occurs in upstream suppliers, the interruption ratio of sampled company will increase to 0.245~0.298. On the other hand, under the assumption of totally deferred, the interruption ratio of the supply chain vendors within the sampled company falls on 0.046 on average. When disaster occurs in the upstream supplies, the interruption ratio of sampled company will increase to 0.581~0.596. The result reflects how supply chain disruption risk can influence downstream and upstream firms. Furthermore, our model presents the outcome through figures, which allows supply chain managers to spot and respond to problems quickly in order to enhance the efficiency of risk management.
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Huang, Hang-Ben, and 黃宏彬. "The Selection Criteria of Logistics Outsourcing under Supply Chain Multi-Tier Structure." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47796893199833703293.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
運輸與倉儲營運系
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Through logistics outsourcing, enterprises can not only increase their logistics performances, but also may promote the competitiveness of their own supply chain. The main objective of the research is to investigate the differences among supply chain members at different tires when choosing a common third-party logistics service provider, with respect to selection criteira and its importance. The viewpoint about integrated logistics on enterprise’s performance was also examined. The relationship between this impact viewpoint and selection behavior, as well as logistics outsourcing tendency was considered. From literature survey, twenty-one selection criteria were used. They were further categorized into six dimensions: cost, time, quality, management, technology, and physical equipment. The influences of integrated logistics on corporate’s performance were classified as economic-scope, risk, membership, operation-activity, and performance areas. Logistics outsourcing strategies include totally-outsoucing, partially-outsourcing, and no-outsourcing. Data used in the research was collected from questionnaire and expert’s opinions. Two industries, electronics and food, were investigated. According to the research, members at different tiers behave differently in seven criteria in electoronic industry, whereas members behave differently only at three ones in food industry. There was also differences between two industries in the selection decision. As for the relationship between impact viewpoint and selection criteria, the result shows that it is statistically significant. The relationship between impact viewpoint and outsourcing tendency was also found significant.
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"Three Essays on Theorizing Supply Chain-Make Versus Supply Chain-Buy." Doctoral diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.44428.
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abstract: The dissertation aims to provide a new perspective on the management of multi-tier supply chains. When a firm decides to buy a product from a supplier, the buying firm also needs to decide whether to use the supplier to make the lower-tier sourcing decisions or to make those decisions in-house. I call the former "supply chain-buy" and the latter "supply chain-make." If the choice is supply chain-buy, the buying firm releases sourcing control of its bill of materials (BOM) to the top-tier supplier and this supplier, then engages with the supply base to determine the BOM's supply chain. If the choice is supply chain-make, the buying firm maintains sourcing control of the BOM and engages with its own supply base to select the lower-tier suppliers. The dissertation provides a theoretical foundation and empirical observations for understanding the supply chain make-buy decisions. The dissertation consists of three main chapters: Chapter 2 extends the make-or-buy literature into the multi-tier supply management context to provide theoretical reasons for engaging in supply chain-make as opposed to supply chain-buy. Building on transaction cost economics, the knowledge-based view, and structural hole theory, Chapter 2 explains the phenomenon that cannot be fully explained by a single-theoretic perspective. Chapter 3 empirically investigates the economic and behavioral factors that influence individual purchasing managers' supply chain make-buy decision-making. Specifically, the roles of behavioral uncertainty, interpersonal trust, and familiarity are considered. A scenario-based behavioral experiment involving the members of the Institute for Supply Management is employed. Lastly, Chapter 4 studies the performance implications of particular supply network structures influenced by supply chain make-buy decisions. Supply chain make-buy decisions can affect the prevalence of structural holes in supply networks. Chapter 4 investigates the different types of structural holes in supply networks. It provides a novel way of understanding structural holes in the supply network context by distinguishing structural holes between the focal firm's suppliers (horizontal structural holes) from those between its customers and suppliers (vertical structural holes). Panel data on supply networks and firm financial indicators are used for analysis in Chapter 4.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2017
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Kanyoma, Kizito Elijah. "An evaluation of supply chain integration across multi-tier supply chains of manufacturing-based small and medium enterprises in Malawi." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1395531.
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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)This thesis investigates the extent of supply chain integration (SCI) and its inhibitors across multi-tier supply chains (SCs) of manufacturing-based small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Malawi. SCI has increasingly been considered by scholars and practitioners as a core philosophy of supply chain management (SCM). SCI is an important competitiveness strategy that improves different aspects of firm performance. However, there have been several concerns regarding the low levels of adoption of SCI in practice among firms. Further, contemporary research into SCM has predominantly reflected a focal firm viewpoint, especially the perspective of large multinational manufacturers in developed economies. The perspectives of suppliers and retailers as well as of developing country and SME contexts are not adequately reflected in the literature. A review of the literature shows that capturing a wide range of perspectives and contexts across SC positions could improve SCI scholarship and practice. To provide a wide range of perspectives regarding the extent of SCI and its inhibitors within a developing country context, two qualitative studies involving three SCs of manufacturing-based SMEs in Malawi were undertaken. Each SC comprised a focal manufacturer, a key supplier and a major retailer. Utilising the resource-based view, resource dependence and network theoretical frameworks, the first study evaluated the extent of SCI. The second study utilised transaction cost economics and relational view theories to examine the inhibitors and enablers of SCI. Data for both studies were jointly collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews with managers across the participating SCs. The analysis revealed that interpersonal relationships influenced the level of trust between SC partners and consequently inhibit SCI. Some employees were willing to sabotage the interests of their firms to benefit their personal connections. Further, firms with strategic intra-firm resources were less committed to external integration, deploying their resources as a source of power to dominate and exploit their dependent partners. SCI across multiple tiers was impaired by over-dependence on SC partners, which encouraged exploitation, but enhanced by interdependence between firms, which fostered the pursuit of mutual benefits. The research further identified interpersonal relationships, supplier cost transparency and joint SCM investments as key enablers of SCI. With respect to the inhibitors of SCI, the research found that a lack of external integration affected internal integration by acting as a source of disruption to intra-firm processes and relationships. Further, the research found higher levels of relationship intensity in upstream manufacturer–supplier dyads than in downstream manufacturer–retailer dyads, suggesting it was more difficult to achieve retailer integration than supplier integration. This constrained the ability to achieve multi-tier supplier–manufacturer–retailer integration. The research also revealed that resource and infrastructural deficiencies, intra-firm cross-functional disintegration, a culture of fear and intimidation within and between firms, rampant corruption in sourcing transactions and relational factors such as lack of trust hurt SCI. The research provides evidence of differences in perspectives about SCI across SC positions and makes several contributions. First, it provides new evidence that a lack of external integration, especially regarding information sharing and communication processes, inhibits internal integration. Thus, a basic level of external integration is necessary to avoid disruptions to and maximise the benefits of internal integration. Second, the research extends network theory by showing that the external influences on dyadic relationships reach beyond the interactions of heterogeneous firms in the network to encompass interpersonal interactions across the network, where individuals may potentially prioritise personal connections and sabotage the interests of their firms. Third, the research shows the importance of contextual factors and that managers in developing countries must overcome a unique set of factors to integrate the SCs.
Books on the topic "Multi-Tier Supply Chain"
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Grajczyk, Karl J. Multi-tier Supply Chain Visibility in the Automotive Industry: How do automotive OEMs gain transparency and visibility into their global supply chain? LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2013.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Multi-Tier Supply Chain"
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Sawik, Tadeusz. "Selection of Resilient Multi-Tier Supply Portfolio." In Supply Chain Disruption Management, 367–400. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44814-1_13.
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Alicke, Knut, Hartmut Graf, and Stefan Putzlocher. "Unternehmensübergreifendes Supply Chain Management realisiert multi-tier collaboration." In Integriertes Supply Chain Management, 471–83. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-10380-6_25.
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Alicke, Knut, Hartmut Graf, and Stefan Putzlocher. "Unternehmensübergreifendes Supply Chain Management realisiert multi-tier collaboration." In Integriertes Supply Chain Management, 485–97. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-10381-3_25.
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Sawik, Tadeusz. "Selection of Resilient Multi-Tier Supply Portfolio: A Two-Period Approach." In Supply Chain Disruption Management, 401–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44814-1_14.
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Gong, Yu, and Shenghao Xie. "Multi-tier Sustainable Supply Chain Management and Blockchain Technology Solutions." In The Palgrave Handbook of Supply Chain Management, 1035–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19884-7_54.
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Gong, Yu, and Shenghao Xie. "Multi-tier Sustainable Supply Chain Management and Blockchain Technology Solutions." In The Palgrave Handbook of Supply Chain Management, 1–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89822-9_54-1.
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Wang, Liyuan, Kai Foerstl, and Friso Zimmermann. "Supply Chain Risk Management in the Automotive Industry: Cross-Functional and Multi-tier Perspectives." In Dynamic and Seamless Integration of Production, Logistics and Traffic, 119–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41097-5_7.
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Rauch, Erwin, Ali Asghar Bataleblu, Michaela Golser, Asja Emer, and Dominik T. Matt. "Potential of Graph Database Visualization of the Supplier Network to Increase Resilience in Multi-tier Supply Chains." In Advances in Manufacturing IV, 125–39. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56444-4_10.
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"Multi-Tier Supply Chain." In Open Process Frameworks. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/9780471742036.ch3.
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Choi, Thomas Y. "Extended Supply Chains." In The Nature of Supply Networks, 103—C6P86. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197673249.003.0006.
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Abstract The tendency of focal companies is to seek solutions to their problems at their immediate suppliers. However, the source of their problems may arise from deeper in their supply chains. This realization places importance on considering extended supply chains and necessitates a multi-tier supply chain perspective. At the functional level, a focal company may consider directly sourcing from important lower tier suppliers. As a focal company engages in directed sourcing, it is, in fact, making its supply chain. As such, we discuss supply chain make versus supply chain buy. We also consider how supply chains may be theorized using network concepts involving institutional theories, supply chain financing, and cyber security.
Conference papers on the topic "Multi-Tier Supply Chain"
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Viswanadham, N., and A. Samvedi. "Multi tier supplier selection for a sustainable global supply chain." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coase.2013.6653927.
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Mori, Masakatsu, Ryoji Kobayashi, Masaki Samejima, and Norihisa Komoda. "Analysis of risk mitigation by decentralized ordering in multi-tier supply chain." In 2014 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie.2014.6864766.
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Chen, Jingze, and Hongfeng Wang. "A multi-tier supply chain disruption recovery strategy considering the product life cycle." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Recent Advances in Systems Science and Engineering (RASSE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rasse53195.2021.9686942.
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Miehle, Daniel, Dominic Henze, Andreas Seitz, Andre Luckow, and Bernd Bruegge. "PartChain: A Decentralized Traceability Application for Multi-Tier Supply Chain Networks in the Automotive Industry." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Decentralized Applications and Infrastructures (DAPPCON). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dappcon.2019.00027.
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Chen, S., K. Tai, and Z. Li. "Evaluation of supply chain resilience enhancement with multi-tier supplier selection policy using agent-based modeling." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2016.7797849.
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Samejima, Masaki. "A Simulation-Based Process of Consensus Building on Procurement Plan under Disruption Risk in Multi-tier Supply Chain." In 2016 5th IIAI International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI-AAI). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iiai-aai.2016.132.
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Mujaj, Yll, Joerg Leukel, and Stefan Kirn. "A Reverse Pricing Model for Multi-Tier Supply Chains." In The 9th IEEE International Conference on E-Commerce Technology and The 4th IEEE International Conference on Enterprise Computing, E-Commerce and E-Services (CEC-EEE 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec-eee.2007.14.
Full textReports on the topic "Multi-Tier Supply Chain"
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Führ, Martin, Julian Schenten, and Silke Kleihauer. Integrating "Green Chemistry" into the Regulatory Framework of European Chemicals Policy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627727.
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20 years ago a concept of “Green Chemistry” was formulated by Paul Anastas and John Warner, aiming at an ambitious agenda to “green” chemical products and processes. Today the concept, laid down in a set of 12 principles, has found support in various arenas. This diffusion was supported by enhancements of the legislative framework; not only in the European Union. Nevertheless industry actors – whilst generally supporting the idea – still see “cost and perception remain barriers to green chemistry uptake”. Thus, the questions arise how additional incentives as well as measures to address the barriers and impediments can be provided. An analysis addressing these questions has to take into account the institutional context for the relevant actors involved in the issue. And it has to reflect the problem perception of the different stakeholders. The supply chain into which the chemicals are distributed are of pivotal importance since they create the demand pull for chemicals designed in accordance with the “Green Chemistry Principles”. Consequently, the scope of this study includes all stages in a chemical’s life-cycle, including the process of designing and producing the final products to which chemical substances contribute. For each stage the most relevant legislative acts, together establishing the regulatory framework of the “chemicals policy” in the EU are analysed. In a nutshell the main elements of the study can be summarized as follows: Green Chemistry (GC) is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Besides, reaction efficiency, including energy efficiency, and the use of renewable resources are other motives of Green Chemistry. Putting the GC concept in a broader market context, however, it can only prevail if in the perception of the relevant actors it is linked to tangible business cases. Therefore, the study analyses the product context in which chemistry is to be applied, as well as the substance’s entire life-cycle – in other words, the six stages in product innovation processes): 1. Substance design, 2. Production process, 3. Interaction in the supply chain, 4. Product design, 5. Use phase and 6. After use phase of the product (towards a “circular economy”). The report presents an overview to what extent the existing framework, i.e. legislation and the wider institutional context along the six stages, is setting incentives for actors to adequately address problematic substances and their potential impacts, including the learning processes intended to invoke creativity of various actors to solve challenges posed by these substances. In this respect, measured against the GC and Learning Process assessment criteria, the study identified shortcomings (“delta”) at each stage of product innovation. Some criteria are covered by the regulatory framework and to a relevant extent implemented by the actors. With respect to those criteria, there is thus no priority need for further action. Other criteria are only to a certain degree covered by the regulatory framework, due to various and often interlinked reasons. For those criteria, entry points for options to strengthen or further nuance coverage of the respective principle already exist. Most relevant are the deltas with regard to those instruments that influence the design phase; both for the chemical substance as such and for the end-product containing the substance. Due to the multi-tier supply chains, provisions fostering information, communication and cooperation of the various actors are crucial to underpin the learning processes towards the GCP. The policy options aim to tackle these shortcomings in the context of the respective stage in order to support those actors who are willing to change their attitude and their business decisions towards GC. The findings are in general coherence with the strategies to foster GC identified by the Green Chemistry & Commerce Council.