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Journal articles on the topic 'Multi risk assessment'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 14 March 2023

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1

Nicolis, Orietta, Jozef Kiseľák, Francesco Porro, and Milan Stehlík. "Multi-fractal cancer risk assessment." Stochastic Analysis and Applications 35, no. 2 (December 8, 2016): 237–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07362994.2016.1238766.

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2

Khatakho, Rajesh, Dipendra Gautam, Komal Raj Aryal, Vishnu Prasad Pandey, Rajesh Rupakhety, Suraj Lamichhane, Yi-Chung Liu, et al. "Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 11, 2021): 5369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105369.

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Natural hazards are complex phenomena that can occur independently, simultaneously, or in a series as cascading events. For any particular region, numerous single hazard maps may not necessarily provide all information regarding impending hazards to the stakeholders for preparedness and planning. A multi-hazard map furnishes composite illustration of the natural hazards of varying magnitude, frequency, and spatial distribution. Thus, multi-hazard risk assessment is performed to depict the holistic natural hazards scenario of any particular region. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, multi-hazard risk assessments are rarely conducted in Nepal although multiple natural hazards strike the country almost every year. In this study, floods, landslides, earthquakes, and urban fire hazards are used to assess multi-hazard risk in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is then integrated with the Geographical Information System (GIS). First, flood, landslide, earthquake, and urban fire hazard assessments are performed individually and then superimposed to obtain multi-hazard risk. Multi-hazard risk assessment of Kathmandu Valley is performed by pair-wise comparison of the four natural hazards. The sum of observations concludes that densely populated areas, old settlements, and the central valley have high to very high level of multi-hazard risk.

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3

Reeves, Carla. "How multi-agency are Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Committees?" Probation Journal 60, no. 1 (February 17, 2013): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0264550512470187.

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4

Li, Xiaopeng, and Fuqiu Li. "Reliability Assessment of Space Station Based on Multi-Layer and Multi-Type Risks." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (November 1, 2021): 10258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112110258.

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A space station is a typical phased-mission system, and assessing its reliability during its configuration is an important engineering action. Traditional methods usually require extensive data to carry out a layered reliability assessment from components to the system. These methods suffer from lack of sufficient test data, and the assessment process becomes very difficult, especially in the early stage of the configuration. This paper proposes a reliability assessment method for the space station configuration mission, using multi-layer and multi-type risks. Firstly, the risk layer and the risk type for the space station configuration are defined and identified. Then, the key configuration risks are identified comprehensively, considering their occurrence likelihood and consequence severity. High load risks are identified through risk propagation feature analysis. Finally, the configuration reliability model is built and the state probabilities are computed, based on the probabilistic risk propagation assessment (PRPA) method using the assessment probability data. Two issues are addressed in this paper: (1) how to build the configuration reliability model with three layers and four types of risks in the early stage of the configuration; (2) how to quantitatively assess the configuration mission reliability using data from the existing operational database and data describing the propagation features. The proposed method could be a useful tool for the complex aerospace system reliability assessment in the early stage.

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5

Chandani, Priyanka, and Chetna Gupta. "An Early Multi-Criteria Risk Assessment Model." Journal of Cases on Information Technology 21, no. 2 (April 2019): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.2019040104.

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Accurate time and budget is an essential estimate for planning software projects correctly. Quite often, the software projects fall into unrealistic estimates and the core reason generally owes to problems with the requirement analysis. For investigating such problems, risk has to identified and assessed at the requirement engineering phase only so that defects do not seep down to other software development phases. This article proposes a multi-criteria risk assessment model to compute risk at a requirement level by computing cumulative risk score based on a weighted score assigned to each criterion. The result of comparison with other approaches and experimentation shows that using this model it is possible to predict the risk at the early phase of software development life cycle with high accuracy.

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6

Strecker, Stefan, David Heise, and Ulrich Frank. "RiskM: A multi-perspective modeling method for IT risk assessment." Information Systems Frontiers 13, no. 4 (May 4, 2010): 595–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10796-010-9235-3.

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7

Šugareková, M. "Flood risk assessment methodology." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1209, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1209/1/012025.

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Abstract Paper presents a proposal of the flood risk assessment methodology. The theoretical background is based on the multi-index conceptual models, which consists of three layers -objective layer, index layer and indicators layer. The fulfilment of the layer is based on the Reports on the course and consequences of floods in the territory of the Slovak Republic.

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8

Gallina, Valentina, Silvia Torresan, Alex Zabeo, Andrea Critto, Thomas Glade, and Antonio Marcomini. "A Multi-Risk Methodology for the Assessment of Climate Change Impacts in Coastal Zones." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (May 2, 2020): 3697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093697.

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Climate change threatens coastal areas, posing significant risks to natural and human systems, including coastal erosion and inundation. This paper presents a multi-risk approach integrating multiple climate-related hazards and exposure and vulnerability factors across different spatial units and temporal scales. The multi-hazard assessment employs an influence matrix to analyze the relationships among hazards (sea-level rise, coastal erosion, and storm surge) and their disjoint probability. The multi-vulnerability considers the susceptibility of the exposed receptors (wetlands, beaches, and urban areas) to different hazards based on multiple indicators (dunes, shoreline evolution, and urbanization rate). The methodology was applied in the North Adriatic coast, producing a ranking of multi-hazard risks by means of GIS maps and statistics. The results highlight that the higher multi-hazard score (meaning presence of all investigated hazards) is near the coastline while multi-vulnerability is relatively high in the whole case study, especially for beaches, wetlands, protected areas, and river mouths. The overall multi-risk score presents a trend similar to multi-hazard and shows that beaches is the receptor most affected by multiple risks (60% of surface in the higher multi-risk classes). Risk statistics were developed for coastal municipalities and local stakeholders to support the setting of adaptation priorities and coastal zone management plans.

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9

Heck, Nadine, Michael W. Beck, Borja Reguero, Kerstin Pfliegner, Max Ricker, and Ruben Prütz. "Global climate change risk to fisheries – A multi-risk assessment." Marine Policy 148 (February 2023): 105404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105404.

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10

Vlek, Charles A. J. "A multi-level, multi-stage and multi-attribute perspective on risk assessment, decision-making and risk control." Risk Decision and Policy 1, no. 1 (April 1, 1996): 9–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/135753096348772.

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11

Chernysheva, T. Yu. "Preliminary Risk Assessment in it Projects." Applied Mechanics and Materials 379 (August 2013): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.379.220.

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This paper examines approaches to preliminary risk management in IT projects. It states a need for a multi-level information system that would integrate all phases of the IT risk management cycle. We suggest using production rules to cluster risks and developing an integral risk assessment procedure based on the analytic hierarchy process.

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12

BIFFL, STEFAN, THOMAS MOSER, and DIETMAR WINKLER. "RISK ASSESSMENT IN MULTI-DISCIPLINARY (SOFTWARE+) ENGINEERING PROJECTS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 21, no. 02 (March 2011): 211–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194011005232.

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Software systems in safety-critical industrial automation systems, such as power plants and steel mills, become increasingly large, complex, and distributed. For assessing risks, like low product quality and project cost and duration overruns, to trustworthy services provided by software as part of automation systems there are established risk analysis approaches based on data collection from project participants and data models. However, in multi-disciplinary engineering projects there are often semantic gaps between the software tools and data models of the participating engineering disciplines, e.g., mechanic, electrical, and software engineering. In this paper we discuss current limitations to risk assessment in (software+) engineering projects and introduce the SEMRISK approach for risk assessment in projects with semantically heterogeneous software tools and data models. The SEMRISK approach provides the knowledge engineering foundation to allow an end-to-end view for service-relevant data elements such as signals, by providing a project domain ontology and mappings to the tool data models of the involved engineering disciplines. We empirically evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the approach based on a real-world industrial use case from the safety-critical power plant domain. Major results are that the approach was effective and considerably more efficient than the current approach at the industry partner.

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13

Heys, Kelly A., Richard F. Shore, M. Glória Pereira, Kevin C. Jones, and Francis L. Martin. "Risk assessment of environmental mixture effects." RSC Advances 6, no. 53 (2016): 47844–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra05406d.

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14

Do, Cameron, and Yuriy Kuleshov. "Multi-Hazard Tropical Cyclone Risk Assessment for Australia." Remote Sensing 15, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15030795.

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Tropical cyclones (TCs) have long posed a significant threat to Australia’s population, infrastructure, and environment. This threat may grow under climate change as projections indicate continuing rises in sea level and increases in rainfall during TC events. Previous Australian TC risk assessment efforts have focused on the risk from wind, whereas a holistic approach requires multi-hazard risk assessments that also consider impacts of other TC-related hazards. This study assessed and mapped TC risk nationwide, focusing on the impacts on population and infrastructure from the TC-related hazards of wind, storm surges, flooding, and landslides. Risk maps were created at the Local Government Area (LGA) level for all of Australia, using collated data on multiple hazards, exposure, and vulnerability. The results demonstrated that the risk posed by all hazards was highest for coastal LGAs of eastern Queensland and New South Wales, followed by medium risk across Northern Territory and north-western Western Australia. Further enhancement and validation of risk maps developed in this study will provide decision makers with the information needed to reduce TC risk, save lives, and prevent damage to infrastructure.

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15

Vilmos Wágner. "Methodologies in measuring risk of financial statements." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 42 (December 22, 2010): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/42/2670.

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Aim of financial statements’ risk analysis is to optimally allocate the audit resources. That optimum point can be reached, if we achieve maximum possibility of recovery of material risks. There are more than one procedures exist for researching of optimum point or risk assessment in other word, and they are needed to use even parallel. In order to take into consideration effects of risk we need to measure them somehow. At risk assessments risks are usually some kind of result of impact and possibility. Knowledge and measurement of impacts and possibilities are far not enough for assessment of certain risks. In this study I will present a possible usable risk assessment methodology for financial audit activities with using Multi Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT in the followings).

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16

Depietri, Yaella, Khila Dahal, and Timon McPhearson. "Multi-hazard risks in New York City." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 12 (December 21, 2018): 3363–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-3363-2018.

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Abstract. Megacities are predominantly concentrated along coastlines, making them exposed to a diverse mix of natural hazards. The assessment of climatic hazard risk to cities rarely has captured the multiple interactions that occur in complex urban systems. We present an improved method for urban multi-hazard risk assessment. We then analyze the risk of New York City as a case study to apply enhanced methods for multi-hazard risk assessment given the history of exposure to multiple types of natural hazards which overlap spatially and, in some cases, temporally in this coastal megacity. Our aim is to identify hotspots of multi-hazard risk to support the prioritization of adaptation strategies that can address multiple sources of risk to urban residents. We used socioeconomic indicators to assess vulnerabilities and risks to three climate-related hazards (i.e., heat waves, inland flooding and coastal flooding) at high spatial resolution. The analysis incorporates local experts' opinions to identify sources of multi-hazard risk and to weight indicators used in the multi-hazard risk assessment. Results demonstrate the application of multi-hazard risk assessment to a coastal megacity and show that spatial hotspots of multi-hazard risk affect similar local residential communities along the coastlines. Analyses suggest that New York City should prioritize adaptation in coastal zones and consider possible synergies and/or trade-offs to maximize impacts of adaptation and resilience interventions in the spatially overlapping areas at risk of impacts from multiple hazards.

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17

Soldati, Mauro, Olivier Maquaire, Jose Luis Zezere, Daniela Piacentini, and Candide Lissak. "Coastline at Risk: Methods for Multi-Hazard Assessment." Journal of Coastal Research 61 (December 2011): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/si61-001.34.

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18

Khalil, Ragab. "Flood Risk Code Mapping Using Multi Criteria Assessment." Journal of Geographic Information System 10, no. 06 (2018): 686–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jgis.2018.106035.

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19

Liu, Zhongqiang, Farrokh Nadim, Alexander Garcia-Aristizabal, Arnaud Mignan, Kevin Fleming, and Byron Quan Luna. "A three-level framework for multi-risk assessment." Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards 9, no. 2 (April 3, 2015): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17499518.2015.1041989.

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20

MIURA, Hiromichi, and Shota Soga. "Proposal on Multi-Unit Probabilistic Risk Assessment method." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2019 (2019): S08102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2019.s08102.

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21

McNair, D. R. "Risk Assessment in Multi-jurisdictional Asset Protection Structures." Trusts & Trustees 2, no. 3 (February 1, 1996): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tandt/2.3.15.

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22

Tamošaitienė, Jolanta, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, and Zenonas Turskis. "Multi-criteria Risk Assessment of a Construction Project." Procedia Computer Science 17 (2013): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2013.05.018.

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23

Sambah, Abu Bakar, F. Miura, Guntur, and Fuad. "Spatial multi criteria approach for tsunami risk assessment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 162 (June 2018): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/162/1/012019.

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24

Zhou, Yang, Yansui Liu, Wenxiang Wu, and Ning Li. "Integrated risk assessment of multi-hazards in China." Natural Hazards 78, no. 1 (March 28, 2015): 257–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-1713-y.

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25

Casciani, Emanuele, Chiara De Vincentiis, Maria Chiara Colaiacomo, and Gian Franco Gualdi. "Multi-Modal Imaging Technologies in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment." Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis 17, no. 2 (October 30, 2012): 138–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-9987.2012.01132.x.

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26

Selva, Jacopo. "Long-term multi-risk assessment: statistical treatment of interaction among risks." Natural Hazards 67, no. 2 (March 5, 2013): 701–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-0599-9.

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27

Brito, A. J., and A. T. de Almeida. "Multi-attribute risk assessment for risk ranking of natural gas pipelines." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 94, no. 2 (February 2009): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2008.02.014.

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28

Zhang, Suming, Jie Zhang, Xiaomin Li, Xuexue Du, Tangqi Zhao, Qi Hou, and Xifang Jin. "Quantitative risk assessment of typhoon storm surge for multi-risk sources." Journal of Environmental Management 327 (February 2023): 116860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116860.

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29

ROȘCA, Sanda, Ștefan BILAȘCO, Iuliu VESCAN, Ioan FODOREAN, Dănuț PETREA, and Raularian RUSU. "Multi–risk quantitative assessment in Reghin city, Transylvania, Romania." Revista de Geomorfologie 21, no. 1 (December 26, 2019): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21094/rg.2019.014.

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Multi–risk assessment supposes an integrated analysis of various processes and phenomena generating risks across the territory, highlighting the individual and cumulative impact at different levels of analysis. This paper aims at creating an assessment model of multi–risk generated by the cumulative effects of landslides and floods, processes considered as significant in the study area, the administrative unit of the city of Reghin in the Transylvanian Basin. To obtain the multi–risk, two GIS spatial analysis models have been created. The first model means to identify the probability of landslide occurrence (built on GIS databases in vector and raster format, correlatively analysed by means of spatial analysis functions and equations), and is adapted according to legislative regulations stipulated in the Government Decision no. 447/2003. The second one is a database regarding the floodable area with a 1% probability in raster format, resulted from a nation–wide model created to identify the flooded areas.The multi–risk map was created using the mediation method, in which every class of individual (geomorphological or hydrological) hazard receives equal weight within the final result. As a consequence of applying the above–mentioned models, we obtained areas with different probabilities for cumulative risk processes, which are rendered as favourable or restrictive in terms of locating different structures (roads, settlements, functional areas, shopping centres). According to the degree of validation, these may be used for a more precise determination of the development areas and for territorial planning.

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30

Scheuer, Sebastian, Dagmar Haase, and Volker Meyer. "Towards a flood risk assessment ontology – Knowledge integration into a multi-criteria risk assessment approach." Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 37 (January 2013): 82–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2012.07.007.

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31

Jiang, Yao, Xu Zhao, Yaochi Wang, and Jinyu Wang. "Multi-Risk Source Oil Spill Risk Assessment Based on a Fuzzy Inference System." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (April 2, 2022): 4227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074227.

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Oil is one of the most important sources of energy, about 25 percent of which comes from offshore sources. As a result, the transportation of oil tankers, and the construction of offshore oil platforms and subsea pipelines have increased, to facilitate offshore oil exploitation. However, most oil spill risk assessments analyze the impact of one risk source, and rarely consider multiple risk sources in the study area. This paper focuses on three risk sources that may cause oil spills in a certain area, and establishes an oil spill risk assessment model through a fuzzy inference system. Oil spill probabilities for different risk sources are calculated through the model. According to the definition of oil spill risk, the risk probability of multiple risk sources in the study area is obtained, which can provide technical support for regional oil spill emergency capacity and emergency resource allocation.

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32

Shi, Yijun, Guofang Zhai, Shutian Zhou, Yuwen Lu, Wei Chen, and Hongbo Liu. "How Can Cities Adapt to a Multi-Disaster Environment? Empirical Research in Guangzhou (China)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 11 (November 3, 2018): 2453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112453.

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Urban disaster risk assessment is the most basic and important part of urban safety development. Conducting disaster prevention and mitigation on the basis of urban disaster risk assessment requires an understanding of the relationship between the city and the natural environment. This enhances the city’s ability to withstand various types of disasters and achieves the development of a safe city. Based on a review of the existing literature, we propose a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for urban multi-disaster risk assessment. The multi-disaster risk assessment method includes the identification and screening of urban disasters, the assessment of individual disaster risk, and integrated urban disaster risks, the division of urban comprehensive disaster risks into several risk levels, and the determination of coping strategies. Taking Guangzhou (China) as an example, we determined the major disaster risks faced by Guangzhou, assessed the risks of individual disasters, and finally obtained the results of the comprehensive disaster risk of Guangzhou. Second, we analyzed the relationship between the disaster risk assessment and urban safety development, and proposed countermeasures and recommendations for the development of different disaster risk levels.

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33

Zhang, Li. "Ecological Risk Assessment of Yulin Coal Mining Area: Based on the PETAR Method." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 1115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1115.

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In order to unravel the correlation and causality between multi-stressor sources, multi-risk receptors and multi-type ecological effects of the Yulin Coal Mining Area. Through qualitative evaluation, this study preliminarily described the main stressor sources, risk receptors and the largest ecological effect over the Yulin coal mining area and progressive and conductive relation among the stressor sources, risk receptors and ecological effects using the Procedure for Ecological Tiered Assessment of Risk method (PETAR). The PETAR method seems to be operable and effective in evaluating coal mining areas ecological risks with multiple risk sources, risk receptors and multi-type ecological effects.

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34

Ward, Philip J., James Daniell, Melanie Duncan, Anna Dunne, Cédric Hananel, Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler, Annegien Tijssen, et al. "Invited perspectives: A research agenda towards disaster risk management pathways in multi-(hazard-)risk assessment." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 4 (April 26, 2022): 1487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-1487-2022.

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Abstract. Whilst the last decades have seen a clear shift in emphasis from managing natural hazards to managing risk, the majority of natural-hazard risk research still focuses on single hazards. Internationally, there are calls for more attention for multi-hazards and multi-risks. Within the European Union (EU), the concepts of multi-hazard and multi-risk assessment and management have taken centre stage in recent years. In this perspective paper, we outline several key developments in multi-(hazard-)risk research in the last decade, with a particular focus on the EU. We present challenges for multi-(hazard-)risk management as outlined in several research projects and papers. We then present a research agenda for addressing these challenges. We argue for an approach that addresses multi-(hazard-)risk management through the lens of sustainability challenges that cut across sectors, regions, and hazards. In this approach, the starting point is a specific sustainability challenge, rather than an individual hazard or sector, and trade-offs and synergies are examined across sectors, regions, and hazards. We argue for in-depth case studies in which various approaches for multi-(hazard-)risk management are co-developed and tested in practice. Finally, we present a new pan-European research project in which our proposed research agenda will be implemented, with the goal of enabling stakeholders to develop forward-looking disaster risk management pathways that assess trade-offs and synergies of various strategies across sectors, hazards, and spatial scales.

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Ward, Philip J., James Daniell, Melanie Duncan, Anna Dunne, Cédric Hananel, Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler, Annegien Tijssen, et al. "Invited perspectives: A research agenda towards disaster risk management pathways in multi-(hazard-)risk assessment." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 4 (April 26, 2022): 1487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-1487-2022.

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Abstract. Whilst the last decades have seen a clear shift in emphasis from managing natural hazards to managing risk, the majority of natural-hazard risk research still focuses on single hazards. Internationally, there are calls for more attention for multi-hazards and multi-risks. Within the European Union (EU), the concepts of multi-hazard and multi-risk assessment and management have taken centre stage in recent years. In this perspective paper, we outline several key developments in multi-(hazard-)risk research in the last decade, with a particular focus on the EU. We present challenges for multi-(hazard-)risk management as outlined in several research projects and papers. We then present a research agenda for addressing these challenges. We argue for an approach that addresses multi-(hazard-)risk management through the lens of sustainability challenges that cut across sectors, regions, and hazards. In this approach, the starting point is a specific sustainability challenge, rather than an individual hazard or sector, and trade-offs and synergies are examined across sectors, regions, and hazards. We argue for in-depth case studies in which various approaches for multi-(hazard-)risk management are co-developed and tested in practice. Finally, we present a new pan-European research project in which our proposed research agenda will be implemented, with the goal of enabling stakeholders to develop forward-looking disaster risk management pathways that assess trade-offs and synergies of various strategies across sectors, hazards, and spatial scales.

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36

Li, Longbiao, Suyi Bi, and Youchao Sun. "Risk assessment method for aeroengine multiple failure risk using Monte Carlo simulation." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 12, no. 2 (August 8, 2016): 384–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mmms-06-2015-0028.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a method to predict the multi-failure risk of aero engine in service and to evaluate the effectiveness of different corrective actions. Design/methodology/approach – The classification of failure risk level, the determination of hazard ratio and the calculation of risk factor and the risk per flight have been proposed. The multi-failure risk assessment process of aero engine has been established to predict the occurrence of failure event and assess the failure risk level. According to the history aero engine failure data, the multi-failure risk, i.e., overheat, blade wounding, pump failure, blade crack, pipe crack and combustor crack, has been predicted considering with and without corrective action. Two corrective actions, i.e., reduce the maintenance interval and redesign the failure components, were adopted to analyze the decreasing of risk level. Findings – The multi-failure risk of aero engine with or without corrective action can be determined using the present method. The risk level of combustor crack decreases from high-risk level of 1.18×1e−9 without corrective action to acceptable risk level of 0.954×1e−9 by decreasing the maintenance interval from 1,000 to 800 h, or to 0.912×1e−9 using the redesign combustor. Research limitations/implications – It should be noted that probability of detection during maintenance actions has not been considered in the present analysis, which would affect the failure risk level of aero engine in service. Social implications – The method in the present analysis can be adapted to other types of failure modes which may cause significant safety or environment hazards, and used to determine the maintenance interval or choose appropriate corrective action to reduce the multi-failure risk level of aero engine. Originality/value – The maintenance interval or appropriate corrective action can be determined using the present method to reduce the multi-failure risk level of aero engine.

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37

Zhang, Jiawang, Jianguo Wang, Shengbo Chen, Siqi Tang, and Wutao Zhao. "Multi-Hazard Meteorological Disaster Risk Assessment for Agriculture Based on Historical Disaster Data in Jilin Province, China." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 19, 2022): 7482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127482.

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The impact of global climate change is gradually intensifying, and the frequent occurrence of meteorological disasters poses a serious challenge to crop production. Analyzing and evaluating agricultural multi-hazard meteorological disaster risks based on historical disaster data and a summary of disaster occurrences and development patterns are important bases for the effective reduction of natural disaster risks and the regulation of agricultural production. This paper explores the technical system of agricultural multi-hazard meteorological disaster risk assessment and establishes a disaster risk assessment model based on the historical disaster data at the regional level from 1978–2020 in the first national comprehensive natural disaster risk census, carrying out multi-hazard meteorological disaster risk assessments in 18 major grain-producing regions in Jilin province. The empirical evidence shows: (1) drought and flood disasters are the key disasters for agricultural meteorological disaster prevention in Jilin province. Hotspots of drought and flood disasters are widely distributed in the study area, while hail and typhoons are mainly concentrated in the eastern region with a certain regionality. (2) The risk values of the four major meteorological disasters all decreased with the increase of the disaster index. Under the same disaster index, the disaster risk of various disasters in the main grain-producing areas is as follows: drought > flood > typhoon > hail. Under different disaster indices, Jiutai, Nongan, Yitong, Tongyu, and other places all presented high and medium–high risk levels. (3) From the spatial evolution trend, along with the rising disaster index, the risk of multi-hazard meteorological hazards is spatially oriented in a southeastern direction, and the risk level of multi-hazard meteorological hazards in the central part of the study area decreases gradually along with the increasing damage index. In addition, regional agricultural multi-hazard meteorological disaster risk reduction recommendations are made in three aspects: institutional construction, management model, and reduction capacity.

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Mladineo, Nenad, Marko Mladineo, Elena Benvenuti, Toni Kekez, and Željana Nikolić. "Methodology for the Assessment of Multi-Hazard Risk in Urban Homogenous Zones." Applied Sciences 12, no. 24 (December 14, 2022): 12843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122412843.

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The multi-hazard risk assessment of urban areas represents a comprehensive approach that can be used to reduce, manage and overcome the risks arising from the combination of different natural hazards. This paper presents a methodology for multi-hazard risk assessment based on Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Making. The PROMETHEE method was used to assess multi-hazard risks caused by seismic, flood and extreme sea waves impact. The methodology is applied for multi-hazard risk evaluation of the urban area of Kaštel Kambelovac, located on the Croatian coast of the Adriatic Sea. The settlement is placed in a zone of high seismic risk with a large number of old stone historical buildings which are vulnerable to the earthquakes. Being located along the low-lying coast, this area is also threatened by floods due to climate change-induced sea level rises. Furthermore, the settlement is exposed to flooding caused by extreme sea waves generated by severe wind. In the present contribution, the multi-hazard risk is assessed for different scenarios and different levels, based on exposure and vulnerability for each of the natural hazards and the influence of additional criteria to the overall risk in homogenous zones. Single-risk analysis has shown that the seismic risk is dominant for the whole pilot area. The results of multi-hazard assessment have shown that in all combinations the highest risk is present in the historical part of Kaštel Kambelovac. This is because the historical part is most exposed to sea floods and extreme waves, as well as due to the fact that a significant number of historical buildings is located in this area.

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Tian, Donghong, Bowen Yang, Junhua Chen, and Yi Zhao. "A multi-experts and multi-criteria risk assessment model for safety risks in oil and gas industry integrating risk attitudes." Knowledge-Based Systems 156 (September 2018): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2018.05.018.

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Chen, Mulin, Hongyan Cai, Li Wang, and Mei Lei. "Grid-Scale Regional Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals Using Multi-Source Data." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 8 (July 28, 2022): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11080427.

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Understanding the risks posed by potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in large regions is important for environmental management. However, regional risk assessment that relies on traditional field sampling or administrative statistical data is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and coarse. Internet data, remote sensing data, and multi-source data, have the advantage of high speed of collection, and can, thereby, overcome time lag challenges and traditional evaluation inefficiencies, although, to date, they are rarely applied. To evaluate their effectiveness, the current study used multi-source data to conduct a 1 km scale assessment of PTMs in Yunnan Province, China. In addition, a novel model to simulate potentially hazardous areas, based on atmospheric deposition, was also proposed. Assessments reveal that risk areas are mainly distributed in the east, which is consistent with the distribution of mineral resources in the province. Approximately 3.6% of the cropland and 1.4% of the sensitive population are threatened. The risk areas were verified against those reported by the government and the existing literature. The verification exercise confirmed the reliability of multi-source data, which are cost-effective, efficient, and generalizable for assessing pollution risks in large areas, particularly when there is little to no site-specific contamination information.

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Xiong, Xiaoxia, Yu He, Xiang Gao, and Yeling Zhao. "A Multi-Level Risk Framework for Driving Safety Assessment Based on Vehicle Trajectory." Promet 34, no. 6 (December 2, 2022): 959–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v34i6.4154.

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Few existing research studies have explored the relationship of road section level, local area level and vehicle level risks within the highway traffic safety system, which can be important to the formation of an effective risk event prediction. This paper proposes a framework of multi-level risks described by a set of carefully selected or designed indicators. The interrelationship among these latent multi-level risks and their observable indicators are explored based on vehicle trajectory data using the structural equation model (SEM). The results show that there exists significant positive correlation between the latent risk constructs that each have adequate convergent validity, and it is difficult to completely separate the local traffic level risk from both the road section level risk and vehicle level risk. The local and road level indicators are also found to be of more importance when risk prediction time gets earlier based on feature importance scoring of the LightGBM. The proposed conceptual multi-level indicator based latent risk framework generally fits with the observed results and emphasises the importance of including multi-level indicators for risk event prediction in the future.

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Walker, Helen, Lindsay Tulloch, Karen Boa, Gordon Ritchie, and John Thompson. "A multi-site survey of forensic nursing assessment." Journal of Forensic Practice 21, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 124–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfp-11-2018-0045.

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Purpose A major difficulty identified many years ago in psychiatric care is the shortage of appropriate instruments with which to carry out valid and reliable therapeutic assessments which are behaviourally based and therefore appropriate for use in a variety of contexts. The aim of this project was to ascertain the utility of a forensic nursing risk assessment tool - Behavioural Status Index (BEST-Index). The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach A multi-site cross-sectional survey was undertaken using mixed method design. Quantitative data was generated using BEST-Index to allow comparisons across three different levels of security (high, medium and low) in Scotland and Ireland. Qualitative data were gathered from patients and multi-disciplinary team (MDT) members using semi-structured interviews and questionnaire. Findings Measured over an 18-month period, there was a statistically significant improvement in behaviour, when comparing patients in high and medium secure hospitals. Two key themes emerged from patient and staff perspectives: “acceptance of the process” and “production and delivery of information”, respectively. The wider MDT acknowledge the value of nursing risk assessment, but require adequate information to enable them to interpret findings. Collaborating with patients to undertake risk assessments can enhance future care planning. Research limitations/implications Studies using cross-section can only provide information at fixed points in time. Practical implications The BEST-Index assessment tool is well established in clinical practice and has demonstrated good utility. Originality/value This project has served to highlight the unique contribution of BEST-Index to both staff and patients alike and confirm its robustness and versatility across differing levels of security in Scottish and Irish forensic mental health services.

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Chen, Lijuan, Li Liu, Yan Peng, Wenjin Chen, Hongyang Huang, Tiantian Wu, and Xiaohui Xu. "Distribution network operational risk assessment and early warning considering multi-risk factors." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 14, no. 16 (August 21, 2020): 3139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.1198.

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Lozoya, Juan Pablo, Rafael Sardá, and José A. Jiménez. "Beach Multi-Risk Assessment in the Costa Brava (Spain)." Journal of Coastal Research 61 (December 2011): 408–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/si61-001.49.

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Joh, Hyun Chul. "Modeling Software Risk Assessment Based on Multi-Vulnerability Lifecycle." International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS) 11, no. 2 (February 29, 2016): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/irecos.v11i2.8552.

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Kim, Jae-Jung, and Seng-Phil Hong. "A Method of Risk Assessment for Multi-Factor Authentication." Journal of Information Processing Systems 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2011): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3745/jips.2011.7.1.187.

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Patsialis, D., and A. A. Taflanidis. "Multi-fidelity Monte Carlo for seismic risk assessment applications." Structural Safety 93 (November 2021): 102129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2021.102129.

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van Westen, Cees, and Tsehaie Woldai. "The RiskCity Training Package on Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 3, no. 1 (January 2012): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jagr.2012010104.

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As part of the capacity-building activities of the United Nations University – ITC School on Disaster Geo-Information Management (UNU-ITC DGIM) the International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) has developed a training package on the application of GIS for multi-hazard risk assessment. The package, called RiskCity comprises a complete suite of exercise descriptions, together with GIS data and presentation materials on the various steps required to collect and analyze relevant spatial data for hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment in an urban environment. The package has been developed in collaboration with several partner organizations on different continents, and is used as the basis for a series of courses. Currently it is available as a distance education course.

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Seo, Jungkwan, Taksoo Kim, Areum Jo, Pilje Kim, and Kyunghee Choi. "Human Risk Assessment of Perchloroethylene Considering Multi-media Exposure." Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences 40, no. 5 (October 31, 2014): 397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.5668/jehs.2014.40.5.397.

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Palma-Oliveira, José, Stephen G. Zemba, Michael R. Ames, Laura C. Green, and Igor Linkov. "Uncertainty in Multi-Pathway Risk Assessment for Combustion Facilities." Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal 18, no. 3 (May 2012): 501–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2012.672881.

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