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Academic literature on the topic 'Multi-connectivité'
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Journal articles on the topic "Multi-connectivité"
Bowden, Alison A., and Sara E. Burns. "Adapter les infrastructures afin de réduire les risques pour les personnes et d’améliorer la connectivité pour les poissons et la faune." Le Naturaliste canadien 143, no. 1 (November 28, 2018): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1054123ar.
Full textCLAUZEL, Céline, Christophe EGGERT, Simon TARABON, Lili PASQUET, Gilles VUIDEL, Marion BAILLEUL, Claude MIAUD, and Claire GODET. "Analyser la connectivité de la trame turquoise : définition, caractérisation et enjeux opérationnels." Sciences Eaux & Territoires, no. 43 (October 16, 2023): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/revue-set.2023.43.7642.
Full textGermaine, Marie-Anne, and Élise Temple-Boyer. "Un diagnostic de connectivité hydrosociale pour appréhender les potentialités d’usage des petites rivières urbaines : exemple du Croult et du Petit Rosne (Île-de-France)." L’Espace géographique Tome 51, no. 3 (January 25, 2024): 212–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/eg.513.0212.
Full textReulier, Romain, Daniel Delahaye, Vincent Viel, and Robert Davidson. "Connectivité hydro-sédimentaire dans un petit bassin versant agricole du nord-ouest de la France : de l’expertise de terrain à la modélisation par Système Multi-Agent." Géomorphologie : relief, processus, environnement 23, no. 4 (December 31, 2017): 327–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/geomorphologie.11857.
Full textBenítez, Griselda, Gerardo Alvarado-Castillo, René A. Palestina, Mara Cortés, Kari Williams, and Israel Acosta. "Designing a Green Belt for Xalapa City." Regions and Cohesion 8, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 94–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/reco.2018.080306.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Multi-connectivité"
Vergnes, Alan. "Connectivité des paysages urbains et faune épigée : approche multi-échelles et multi-taxons." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MNHN0001.
Full textScientific insights are needed to limit the negative effects of urbanization and improve urban biodiversity. Thus, we analysed the effects of landscape on several ground –dwelling communities (multi taxa approach). We organized our research following three main axis: (1) response along an urbanization gradient, (2) the effect of corridors on the dispersal among urban landscapes and (3) simulation of the corridor effect using an individual based model (IBM). We observed strong and negative effects of the urbanized landscapes, stronger for forest specialist species which are replaced by more generalist species along the gradient. We highlighted a positive effect of corridors with some differences between taxa that could be explained by variation in their dispersal capabilities, confirmed by the model. The IBM has confirmed these results. This study opens new doors on the spatial configuration of local communities within the landscapes
Naveau, Mikaël. "Connectivité fonctionnelle cérébrale pendant l'état de repos : modélisation multi-échelle." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN3142.
Full textIn recent years, studies of brain activity at rest have gained importance thanks to the emergence of functional connectivity methods. Functional connectivity-based analysis is an emerging technique for human brain mapping, specifically applied to data obtained by functional magnetic resonance imaging. It has been proposed that the brain at rest show a specific complex modular organization. Indeed, a modular organization of functional connectivity is observed at different spatial and temporal scales. In order to test this hypothesis, we developed a method for the estimation of resting-state functional networks in a large population of 300 subjects. Based on independent component analysis, this method allowed us to uncover 34 resting-state networks covering the entire cerebral cortex. In addition, inter-network synchronization, at a larger spatial scale, shows a hierarchical organization and highlights two major brain systems including five functional modules. The different levels of organization show specific functional interactions and we demonstrate a relationship between the synchronization of brain activity at rest and the spontaneous mental processes of subjects during this state. In conclusion, our studies highlight a spatial hierarchy of the functional organization of the brain at rest whose connectivity modulations reflect, in part, the content of spontaneous thoughts during this state
Karkar, Slim Ismael. "Parcellisation et analyse multi-niveaux de données : Application à l’étude des réseaux de connectivité cérébrale." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/KARKAR_Slim_Ismael_2011.pdf.
Full textOver the last decade, functional MRI has emerged as a widely used tool for mapping functions of the brain. More recently, it has been used for identifying networks of cerebral connectivity that represent the interactions between different brain areas. In this context, a recent strategy is based on a preliminary parcellation of the brain into functional regions, and then identifying functional networks from a measurement of interactions between each area. The first part of this thesis describes a novel approach for parcellation that produces regions that are homogeneous at several levels. These regions are shown to be consistent with the anatomical landmarks of the processed subjects. In the second part, we propose a new family of statistics to identify significant networks of functional connectivity. This approach enables the detection of small, strongly-connected networks as well as larger networks that involve weaker interactions. Finally, within a classification framework, we developed a group-level study, producing networks that synthesize characteristics of functional networks across the population under study
Emeriau, Samuel. "Caractérisation des réseaux multi-sujets en IRMf : apport du clustering basé sur la connectivité fonctionnelle." Thesis, Reims, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REIMS018/document.
Full textThe comprehension of cerebral operations is in constant evolution since the rise of the neurosciences.New methods of imagery made it possible to highlight an architecture of our brain in complex networks.The purpose of my work is to develop a method to find the most representative networks of a group of subjects in Functional MRI.In the first step, I developed a method to reduce the fMRI data size based on clustering. I introduced a new characterization of functional information by the profile of connectivity. This one makes it possible to reduce the variance induced by the noise present within the data of Functional MRI.Moreover this profile does not require a priori information on the data contrary to the traditional inferential methods.In the second step, I developed a method to identify common networks on a group of subjects while taking into account of spatial and functional inter-subjects variability. The networks obtained can then be characterized by their spatial organization but also by their inner connectivity links.This method also allows the comparison of the networks of various groups of subjects, making it possible to highlight the implications of different networks according to different stimulations or pathological states
Karkar, Slim. "Parcellisation et analyse multi-niveaux de données IRM fonctionnelles. Application à l'étude des réseaux de connectivité cérébrale." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00652609.
Full textLe, Van Tuan. "Coopération dans les systèmes multi-robots : contribution au maintien de la connectivité et à l’allocation dynamique de rôles." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN2043.
Full textGiven the complexity of the tasks to be undertaken by a multi-robot system, the approach most commonly adopted is to “divide and conquer”. It is to decompose the complex task into subtasks, then each of these sub-tasks into sub-sub-tasks. This process is repeated until we reach basic tasks that can be made by individual robots. This approach, although attractive at first glance, has the disadvantage of not always be easy to implement. Indeed, in the majority of existing work, the decomposition of a complex task into elementary tasks is performed in a rather ad hoc and dependent upon the target robot system. This is indeed a barrier to reuse the result of the decomposition – both software to the logic level with other robotic systems. In this thesis, we propose a solution that allows any collection of heteroge- neous robots to organize themselves into teams and sub-teams and this, accor- ding to both the requirements of the task at hand, robots available and resources. Our approach based on the decomposition of a complex task roles, separates the concerns of the design and implementation level. Thus, one logical solution may be (re)used on multi-robot systems with varying abilities. Once the task is decomposed into roles, we are facing a well-known, yet unresolved problem : the general problem of assignment of roles to robots effectively. Faced with this problem NP-hard, we propose heuristics based on the Contract-Net protocol to assign roles to the robots to form coalitions. Each coalition is composed of robots cooperating tightly to perform a single task. Assigning roles to robots, as well as the cooperation of the latter requires that the robots must be able to communicate frequently. As a result, the network connectivity of robots is a prerequisite for communication. We propose a novel solution to this problem based on our concept of “connectivity awareness”. It is about equipping each robot with an knowledge of the network structure. We show that a partial and local knowledge in each robot can be exploited for main- taining network connectivity in the robust distributed manner. Each robot can plan its own move locally without jeopardizing the overall network connectivity. Indeed, this local knowledge that is the connectivity awareness can be exploi- ted so that each robot can determine whether the global network connectivity is robust to the its own network connectivity failure or not
Rabut, Claire. "Neuroimagerie fonctionnelle ultrasonore 4D et connectivité fonctionnelle cérébrale chez l’animal éveillé." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS328.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the application of functional ultrasound imaging for new pre-clinical imaging modalities in rodents. Functional Ultrasound imaging (fUS) is a brain imaging modality based on Doppler imaging which makes possible to image the cerebral vascular activity with a very good sensitivity. As a first step, a new acquisition device was developed to allow transcranial functional imaging in awake, freely moving mice. We applied this device to measure the alteration of functional connectivity induced by a drug model of Alzheimer's disease. The pharmacodynamic study in awake mice allowed us to measure stable and dose dependent alterations in functional connectivity. The study was validated by a classifier automating the distinction of the pathological states using supervised learning. Using a new type of ultrasound scanner, we have also expanded the field of view of fUS imaging to the third dimension. The implemented technology has extended fUS acquisition capabilities to 4D functional. High quality films of the volume cerebral blood dynamics were obtained in rats and showed the feasibility of 4D fUS technology through different functional measurement applications. Finally, we applied the method of supersonic shear wave elastography to the evaluation of the stiffness of functional areas in the brain. We were able to monitor the brain activity by tracking changes in blood volume and at the same time generating shear waves to determine the stiffness of activated functional regions following external stimulations. The work carried out in this thesis has expanded the perspectives of pre-clinical ultrasound functional imaging for neuroscience research
Remon, Jonathan. "Connectivité fonctionnelle en paysage fragmenté : apport des données génétiques et démographiques pour étudier l'impact multi-spécifique des infrastructures linéaires de transport." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30327.
Full textImplementing networks of ecological continuities requires estimation of functional connectivity in landscapes. Particularly when those landscapes are fragmented by Large-scale Transportation Infrastructures (LTIs). In this context, four terrestrial species were monitored using genetic and demographic surveys across six LTIs in south-western France. The results showed that a significant amount of genetic variability was explained by LTIs (38%), that are mostly acting as dispersal barriers. However, LTI effects are variable depending on the species under study and, in some cases, they can even act as infrastructures enhancing dispersal. Furthermore, the combined use of genetic tools and demographic surveys showed that depending on the selected approach, results might differ. Therefore, these two approaches should be more used simultaneously in landscape surveys
Khoufi, Saadallah Ines. "Autonomous or assisted deployment by mobile robots of wireless sensor networks : coverage and connectivity issues." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066351/document.
Full textWireless sensor networks are deployed to monitor physical phenomena. The accuracy of information collected depends on sensor node positions. These positions must meet the application requirements in terms of coverage and connectivity. Therefore, deployment algorithms are necessary to determine the optimal positions of sensor nodes. This thesis focuses on the deployment of wireless sensor nodes, first when these nodes are autonomous, and secondly when they are static and the deployment is assisted by mobile robots. In both cases, this deployment must not only meet the application requirements in terms of coverage and connectivity, but also minimize the number of sensors needed while satisfying various constraints (e.g. obstacles, energy, fault-tolerant connectivity). We proposed autonomous deployment algorithms that avoid node oscillations: ADVFA, GDVFA and OA-DVFA to monitor 2D areas and 3D-DVFA to monitor a 3D space. In case of a deployment assisted by mobile robots, we proposed two approaches to optimize the deployment duration. The first one is based on game theory to optimize the length of the paths of two robots (TRDS) and the second is based on the multi-objective optimization, with a number of robots greater than or equal to 2 (MRDS). The objectives to be met are: optimizing the duration of the longest tour duration, balancing the durations of the robot tours and minimizing the number of robots used, while bypassing obstacles
Khoufi, Saadallah Ines. "Autonomous or assisted deployment by mobile robots of wireless sensor networks : coverage and connectivity issues." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066351.
Full textWireless sensor networks are deployed to monitor physical phenomena. The accuracy of information collected depends on sensor node positions. These positions must meet the application requirements in terms of coverage and connectivity. Therefore, deployment algorithms are necessary to determine the optimal positions of sensor nodes. This thesis focuses on the deployment of wireless sensor nodes, first when these nodes are autonomous, and secondly when they are static and the deployment is assisted by mobile robots. In both cases, this deployment must not only meet the application requirements in terms of coverage and connectivity, but also minimize the number of sensors needed while satisfying various constraints (e.g. obstacles, energy, fault-tolerant connectivity). We proposed autonomous deployment algorithms that avoid node oscillations: ADVFA, GDVFA and OA-DVFA to monitor 2D areas and 3D-DVFA to monitor a 3D space. In case of a deployment assisted by mobile robots, we proposed two approaches to optimize the deployment duration. The first one is based on game theory to optimize the length of the paths of two robots (TRDS) and the second is based on the multi-objective optimization, with a number of robots greater than or equal to 2 (MRDS). The objectives to be met are: optimizing the duration of the longest tour duration, balancing the durations of the robot tours and minimizing the number of robots used, while bypassing obstacles