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Journal articles on the topic 'Multi-component Phase Separation'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Lo Celso, F., A. Triolo, and R. Triolo. "Phase separation in multi-component mixtures: the four-component case." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 304, no. 1-2 (February 2002): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4371(01)00511-8.

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2

Bremer, Anne, Ammon E. Posey, Madeleine B. Borgia, Wade M. Borcherds, Mina Farag, Rohit V. Pappu, and Tanja Mittag. "Quantifying Coexistence Concentrations in Multi-Component Phase-Separating Systems Using Analytical HPLC." Biomolecules 12, no. 10 (October 14, 2022): 1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12101480.

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Over the last decade, evidence has accumulated to suggest that numerous instances of cellular compartmentalization can be explained by the phenomenon of phase separation. This is a process by which a macromolecular solution separates spontaneously into dense and dilute coexisting phases. Semi-quantitative, in vitro approaches for measuring phase boundaries have proven very useful in determining some key features of biomolecular condensates, but these methods often lack the precision necessary for generating quantitative models. Therefore, there is a clear need for techniques that allow quantitation of coexisting dilute and dense phase concentrations of phase-separating biomolecules, especially in systems with more than one type of macromolecule. Here, we report the design and deployment of analytical High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for in vitro separation and quantification of distinct biomolecules that allows us to measure dilute and dense phase concentrations needed to reconstruct coexistence curves in multicomponent mixtures. This approach is label-free, detects lower amounts of material than is accessible with classic UV-spectrophotometers, is applicable to a broad range of macromolecules of interest, is a semi-high-throughput technique, and if needed, the macromolecules can be recovered for further use. The approach promises to provide quantitative insights into the balance of homotypic and heterotypic interactions in multicomponent phase-separating systems.

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3

Usui, Satoshi, and Hiroshi Koibuchi. "Finsler Geometry Modeling of Phase Separation in Multi-Component Membranes." Polymers 8, no. 8 (August 4, 2016): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym8080284.

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4

Sreedhar, Balamurali, and Andreas Seidel-Morgenstern. "Preparative separation of multi-component mixtures using stationary phase gradients." Journal of Chromatography A 1215, no. 1-2 (December 2008): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.003.

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5

Reyes, Catherine G., Jörg Baller, Takeaki Araki, and Jan P. F. Lagerwall. "Isotropic–isotropic phase separation and spinodal decomposition in liquid crystal–solvent mixtures." Soft Matter 15, no. 30 (2019): 6044–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm00921c.

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6

Kim, Junseok. "Phase-Field Models for Multi-Component Fluid Flows." Communications in Computational Physics 12, no. 3 (September 2012): 613–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.301110.040811a.

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AbstractIn this paper, we review the recent development of phase-field models and their numerical methods for multi-component fluid flows with interfacial phenomena. The models consist of a Navier-Stokes system coupled with a multi-component Cahn-Hilliard system through a phase-field dependent surface tension force, variable density and viscosity, and the advection term. The classical infinitely thin boundary of separation between two immiscible fluids is replaced by a transition region of a small but finite width, across which the composition of the mixture changes continuously. A constant level set of the phase-field is used to capture the interface between two immiscible fluids. Phase-field methods are capable of computing topological changes such as splitting and merging, and thus have been applied successfully to multi-component fluid flows involving large interface deformations. Practical applications are provided to illustrate the usefulness of using a phase-field method. Computational results of various experiments show the accuracy and effectiveness of phase-field models.

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7

Bao, LingLing, ZhongLiang Liu, HengWei Liu, WenMing Jiang, Ming Zhang, and Jian Zhang. "Phase equilibrium calculation of multi-component gas separation of supersonic separator." Science China Technological Sciences 53, no. 2 (February 2010): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-009-0326-7.

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8

Kuo, Yuen-Cheng, and Shih-Feng Shieh. "Phase separation of multi-component Bose–Einstein condensates in optical lattices." Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 347, no. 2 (November 2008): 521–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2008.06.044.

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9

Ferreiro-Córdova, Claudia, Emanuela Del Gado, Giuseppe Foffi, and Mehdi Bouzid. "Multi-component colloidal gels: interplay between structure and mechanical properties." Soft Matter 16, no. 18 (2020): 4414–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm02410g.

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10

Suzuki, Masanori, and Toshihiro Tanaka. "Thermodynamic Prediction of Spinodal Decomposition in Multi-component Silicate Glass for Design of Functional Porous Glass Materials." High Temperature Materials and Processes 31, no. 4-5 (October 30, 2012): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2012-0086.

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AbstractThe authors have investigated metastable phase separation in multi-component silicate glass for the fabrication of porous glass from multi-component slag. Spinodal decomposition forms an interconnected microstructure in glass spontaneously, and porous glass is obtained by leaching one of the decomposed phases with an acid solution. This porous glass can be used for a filter to remove impurities in polluted water or air. In this study, the metastable miscibility gap was predicted in multi-component silicate glass using thermodynamic analyses where glass was regarded as a super-cooled liquid phase. Occurrence of spinodal decomposition was observed in annealed glass, and it corresponded to the predicted miscibility gap. Then, we fabricated porous glass using spinodal decomposition in multi-component borosilicate glass and by removing one of the decomposed phases. Furthermore, for the creation of functional porous glass applicable for environmental purification, the spinodal decomposition was prepared in multi-component borosilicate glass containing titanium oxide based on the predicted metastable miscibility gap in multi-component silicate glass.

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11

Yang, Fan, Bingchen Wang, Aigerim Baimoldina, Yihan Song, Patrick Altemose, Cliff Kowall, and Lei Li. "Separating a multicomponent and multiphase liquid mixture with a 3D-printed membrane device." RSC Advances 11, no. 63 (2021): 40033–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra08623e.

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12

Jiang, N., and J. Silcox. "Electron Irradiation Damage in Multi-Component Glasses." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (August 2000): 390–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600034449.

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Understanding electron beam induced damage in glasses, especially in multi-component glasses, is very important, since the interaction of electron probes with glass is a very common approach to determine glass composition and structure. For example, the decay of characteristic X-ray and Auger electron intensities, using electron beams as probes, of alkalis in glasses have been known for years. In addition, both phase separation and formation of gas bubbles in the glasses have also been reported. Many irradiation effects are strongly dependent on the structure, bonding and composition of matter. In general, three types of mechanisms, knock-on damage, ionization and field-induced migration have been introduced to describe the damage induced by electron irradiation. Here, we demonstrate electron irradiation induced phase decomposition in a multi-component oxide glass, and introduce a modified model to interpret the damage process.

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13

Yao, Shou Guang, Xin Wang Jia, Chang Jiang Zhou, and Yu Hong Nie. "Numerical Simulation of the Nanofluid Phase Separation by Lattice Boltzmann Method." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 619–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.619.

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Using shan-chen model of lattice Boltzmann method,considering the interaction between nanoparticles and base fluid, by modifying the nanofluids single-component multiphase model, established the nanofluid multi-component heterogeneous lattice Boltzmann model. The model was used to simulate square cavity phase separation of nanofluids, get the Nanofluid separation phase diagram, compared it with pure water phase separation diagram, the results show that, nanofluid in gas-liquid two phase separation process, the addition of nanoparticles is beneficial to produce bubbles, meanwhile the addition of nanoparticles caused a micro convection inside the base fluid, improved the performance of the spread of the base fluid, leaded to the transmission effect, hindered the coalescence of bubbles.

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14

Blowey, J. "Numerical analysis of a model for phase separation of a multi-component alloy." IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis 16, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 111–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imanum/16.1.111.

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15

Suzuki, Masanori, and Toshihiro Tanaka. "Composition Dependence of Microstructures formed by Phase Separation in Multi-component Silicate Glass." ISIJ International 48, no. 4 (2008): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.48.405.

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16

Tudisco, P., and S. Menon. "Numerical Investigations of Phase-Separation During Multi-Component Mixing at Super-Critical Conditions." Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 104, no. 2-3 (December 4, 2019): 693–724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10494-019-00101-4.

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17

Yan, Linghao, Guowen Kuang, and Nian Lin. "Phase separation and selective guest–host binding in multi-component supramolecular self-assembly on Au(111)." Chemical Communications 54, no. 75 (2018): 10570–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc04491k.

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18

Firas, A. A. K., Azmi Mohd Shariff, Lau Kok Keong, and Nurhayati Mellon. "Novel Approach and Setup for Multi Component Mixtures Separation and Analysis at Offshore Conditions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 625 (September 2014): 600–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.625.600.

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The precious demand not in the push away and broad off from receive forward developed technology approaches place the hand almost several lacks of warns and in-needed developed technique and techniques for greater than before contract and analysis for several issues, no complimentary and talk to studies within the literature describe the system comes in multi component and dual phase particularly for those that ought to be investigated at offshore conditions, the novel technique and setup has been created for such scope, the recently developed set up has the flexibility to analyses the sorption isotherms and kinetic for multi component and dual phase mixtures (gas and vapor) at offshore conditions in term of temperature up to 150 oC and pressure up to 150 bar. Additionally to the pretreatment that would be finished to the sorbents used at temperatures up to 400 oC and vacuumed pressure. The primer experiments are done using 13 X zeolites for the sorption of pure CO2 and binary mixtures (CO2 and CH4) at elevated conditions.

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19

Firas, A. A. K., Azmi Mohd Shariff, Lau Kok Keong, and Nurhayati Mellon. "Novel Approach and Setup for Multi Phase Mixtures Separation and Analysis at Offshore Conditions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 625 (September 2014): 669–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.625.669.

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The precious demand not in the push away and broad off from receive forward developed technology approaches place the hand almost several lacks of warns and in-needed developed technique and techniques for greater than before contract and analysis for several issues, no complimentary and talk to studies within the literature describe the system comes in multi component and dual phase particularly for those that ought to be investigated at offshore conditions, the novel technique and setup has been created for such scope, the recently developed discovered has the flexibility to analyses the sorption isotherms and kinetic for multi component and dual phase mixtures (gas and vapor) at offshore conditions in term of temperature up to 150 oC and pressure up to 150 bar. Additionally to the pretreatment that would be finished to the sorbents used at temperatures up to 400 oC and vacuumed pressure. The primer experiments are done using 13 X zeolites for the sorption of pure CO2 at numerous conditions and binary mixtures (CO2 and CH4) with the existence of water vapor.

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20

Usui, Satoshi, and Hiroshi Koibuchi. "Phase Separation and Domain Formation in Multi-Component Membranes: Finsler Geometry Modeling and Monte Carlo Simulations." MATEC Web of Conferences 54 (2016): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20165401002.

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21

Suzuki, Masanori, and Toshihiro Tanaka. "Materials Design for the Fabrication of Porous Glass using Phase Separation in Multi-component Borosilicate Glass." ISIJ International 48, no. 11 (2008): 1524–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.48.1524.

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22

HEINEMANN, CHRISTIAN, and CHRISTIANE KRAUS. "Existence results for diffuse interface models describing phase separation and damage." European Journal of Applied Mathematics 24, no. 2 (November 9, 2012): 179–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095679251200037x.

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In this paper, we analytically investigate multi-component Cahn–Hilliard and Allen–Cahn systems which are coupled with elasticity and uni-directional damage processes. The free energy of the system is of the form ∫Ω½Γ∇c : ∇c + ½|∇z|2+Wch(c)+Wel(e,c,z)dx with a polynomial or logarithmic chemical energy density Wch, an inhomogeneous elastic energy density Wel and a quadratic structure of the gradient of damage variable z. For the corresponding elastic Cahn–Hilliard and Allen–Cahn systems coupled with uni-directional damage processes, we present an appropriate notion of weak solutions and prove existence results based on certain regularization methods and a higher integrability result for strain e.

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23

Taylor, Graham, Frederick A. Heberle, Jason Seinfeld, John Katsaras, C. Patrick Collier, and Stephen A. Sarles. "Low-Enthalpy Phase Transitions Yield Entropy-Driven Lateral Reorganization and Phase Separation in Synthetic and Natural Multi-Component DIB Membranes." Biophysical Journal 112, no. 3 (February 2017): 84a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.496.

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24

Quevedo, Maria, Heike P. Karbstein, and M. Azad Emin. "Denaturation Behavior and Kinetics of Single- and Multi-Component Protein Systems at Extrusion-Like Conditions." Polymers 12, no. 9 (September 20, 2020): 2145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092145.

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In this study, the influence of defined extrusion-like treatment conditions on the denaturation behavior and kinetics of single- and multi-component protein model systems at a protein concentration of 70% (w/w) was investigated. α-Lactalbumin (αLA) and β-Lactoglobulin (βLG), and whey protein isolate (WPI) were selected as single- and multi-component protein model systems, respectively. To apply defined extrusion-like conditions, treatment temperatures in the range of 60 and 100 °C, shear rates from 0.06 to 50 s⁻1, and treatment times up to 90 s were chosen. While an aggregation onset temperature was determined at approximately 73 °C for WPI systems at a shear rate of 0.06 s⁻1, two significantly different onset temperatures were determined when the shear rate was increased to 25 and 50 s⁻1. These two different onset temperatures could be related to the main fractions present in whey protein (βLG and αLA), suggesting shear-induced phase separation. Application of additional mechanical treatment resulted in an increase in reaction rates for all the investigated systems. Denaturation was found to follow 2.262 and 1.865 order kinetics for αLA and WPI, respectively. The reaction order of WPI might have resulted from a combination of a lower reaction order in the unsheared system (i.e., fractional first order) and higher reaction order for sheared systems, probably due to phase separation, leading to isolated behavior of each fraction at the local level (i.e., fractional second order).

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25

King, L., R. Browning, J. M. Paque, and P. Pianetta. "EDS Image Classification by Projection after Partitioning." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 1 (August 12, 1990): 464–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100181075.

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In the analysis of multispectral x-ray dispersive images of geological materials, it is found that the large number of mineral phases typically present, leads to a large number of significant principal component images. This large dimensionality produces difficulties in graphically presenting the data, and interactively partitioning die image. A further problem is in the nature of the mineral phase distributions. Some phases will be well separated, in at least one projection direction, and other phases are continuous mixtures, with two or more end points. Both types of mineral phase distributions can be found intimately mixed in a geological sample. The very different types of these distributions implies that routines for searching n-space for clustering will have difficulty producing a good projection of the continuous mixture phase. Also for this reason it is difficult to see how alternative projection techniques can give a meaningful weight to a mixed phase in the presence of well separated components.Here we describe a multi-step image analysis which circumvents the above problem, and promises to be a convenient, and relatively simple extension of principal component analysis (PCA). The analysis method relies on the fact that there is very often, some clear separation of an image after PCA, and that this clear separation can be readily observed in the first few principal component images. Thus the information in the first few principal component scatter diagrams can be partitioned interactively into regions that are well separated from each other, but may be individually complex. PCA can then be applied to the data subsets, and the process can be repeated until a meaningful projection of the data can be viewed in a low dimensional scatter diagram. The real image can then be formed using either density or false color imaging, depending on which is appropriate for the subset alone. The method is thus finding projections after partitioning.

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26

Yan, Qiu Hui, Ju Liu, Bei Bei Wang, and Gui Xia Li. "Multi-Component Gas-Liquid Equilibrium for Hydrogen Production from Glucose Gasification in Supercritical Water." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.285.

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A high-pressure absorption method can realize separation of H2 from CO2 since they have different solubility in high-pressure water. The gas-liquid equilibrium model of hydrogen production from glucose gasification in supercritical water based on the modified SAFT model and SAFT equation of state was developed to predict the effect of absorber’s pressure on the molar fraction of product gases in gas phase, absorption rate in liquid phase and gas yield. It was found that molar fraction of H2, CH4 and CO increased with the increasing pressure, while molar fraction of CO2 decreased. It indicates that higher pressure facilitate purity of H2. But H2 yield reduces from 0.00736mol to 0.00332mol while pressure increases from 0 MPa to 20MPa. It demonstrates that higher pressure can reduce gas yield. As a result, the purity and gas yield of H2 should be considered simultaneously for selecting proper pressure. Additionally, it is difficult to separate H2 from CH4 and CO using the high-pressure absorption method. This work is very useful for process design, development and optimization of biomass gasification in supercritical water.

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27

BARRETT, JOHN W., and JAMES F. BLOWEY. "FINITE ELEMENT APPROXIMATION OF A MODEL FOR PHASE SEPARATION OF A MULTI-COMPONENT ALLOY WITH NONSMOOTH FREE ENERGY AND A CONCENTRATION DEPENDENT MOBILITY MATRIX." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 09, no. 05 (July 1999): 627–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202599000336.

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We consider a model for phase separation of a multi-component alloy with nonsmooth free energy and a concentration dependent mobility matrix. In particular we prove that there exists a unique solution for sufficiently smooth initial data. Further, we prove an error bound for a fully practical piecewise linear finite element approximation in one and two space dimensions. Finally numerical experiments with three components in one space dimension are presented.

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28

Kadlečková, Markéta, Kateřina Skopalová, Barbora Ptošková, Erik Wrzecionko, Eliška Daďová, Karolína Kocourková, Aleš Mráček, et al. "Hierarchically Structured Surfaces Prepared by Phase Separation: Tissue Mimicking Culture Substrate." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 5 (February 25, 2022): 2541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052541.

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The pseudo 3D hierarchical structure mimicking in vivo microenvironment was prepared by phase separation on tissue culture plastic. For surface treatment, time-sequenced dosing of the solvent mixture with various concentrations of polymer component was used. The experiments showed that hierarchically structured surfaces with macro, meso and micro pores can be prepared with multi-step phase separation processes. Changes in polystyrene surface topography were characterized by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and contact profilometry. The cell proliferation and changes in cell morphology were tested on the prepared structured surfaces. Four types of cell lines were used for the determination of impact of the 3D architecture on the cell behavior, namely the mouse embryonic fibroblast, human lung carcinoma, primary human keratinocyte and mouse embryonic stem cells. The increase of proliferation of embryonic stem cells and mouse fibroblasts was the most remarkable. Moreover, the embryonic stem cells express different morphology when cultured on the structured surface. The acquired findings expand the current state of knowledge in the field of cell behavior on structured surfaces and bring new technological procedures leading to their preparation without the use of problematic temporary templates or additives.

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29

Wei, Yikun. "Lattice Boltzmann Simulations for Thermal Vapor-Liquid Two-Phase Flows." Journal of Computational Multiphase Flows 4, no. 1 (March 2012): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1757-482x.4.1.103.

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Lattice Boltzmann model with a double distribution functions are used to simulate thermal vapor-liquid two-phase flow. In this model, the single component multi-phase lattice Boltzmann model proposed by Zhang and Chen is used to simulate the fluid dynamics. The internal energy is simulated by using a energy distribution functions. By coupling the fluid dynamics and internal energy field through a suitably defined density term, the thermal gas-liquid phase flows are simulating. Numerical results on phase separation show the coexistence curves of numerical simulations are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions for the density of gas-liquid phase, and the internal energy of gas is higher than the internal energy of liquid at the same reduced temperature.

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30

Bürger, Raimund, Stefan Diehl, and Camilo Mejías. "A difference scheme for a degenerating convection-diffusion-reaction system modelling continuous sedimentation." ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis 52, no. 2 (March 2018): 365–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/m2an/2017038.

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Continuously operated settling tanks are used for the gravity separation of solid-liquid suspensions in several industries. Mathematical models of these units form a topic for well-posedness and numerical analysis even in one space dimension due to the spatially discontinuous coefficients of the underlying strongly degenerate parabolic, nonlinear model partial differential equation (PDE). Such a model is extended to describe the sedimentation of multi-component particles that react with several soluble components of the liquid phase. The fundamental balance equations contain the mass percentages of the components of the solid and liquid phases. The equations are reformulated as a system of nonlinear PDEs that can be solved consecutively in each time step by an explicit numerical scheme. This scheme combines a difference scheme for conservation laws with discontinuous flux with an approach of numerical percentage propagation for multi-component flows. The main result is an invariant-region property, which implies that physically relevant numerical solutions are produced. Simulations of denitrification in secondary settling tanks in wastewater treatment illustrate the model and its discretization.

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31

Suzuki, Masanori, and Toshihiro Tanaka. "Prediction of phase separation in multi-component oxide glass for the fabrication of porous glass materials from waste slag." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 165 (May 1, 2009): 012078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/165/1/012078.

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32

Barrett, J. "An error bound for the finite element approximation of a model for phase separation of a multi-component alloy." IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis 16, no. 2 (April 1, 1996): 257–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imanum/16.2.257.

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33

Barrett, John W., and James F. Blowey. "Finite element approximation of a model for phase separation of a multi-component alloy with non-smooth free energy." Numerische Mathematik 77, no. 1 (July 1, 1997): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002110050276.

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34

Król, Piotr, Kinga Pielichowska, Bożena Król, Katarzyna Nowicka, Małgorzata Walczak, and Małgorzata Kowal. "Polyurethane cationomers containing fluorinated soft segments with hydrophobic properties." Colloid and Polymer Science 299, no. 6 (February 22, 2021): 1011–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-021-04819-4.

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AbstractThe synthesis of ecological waterborne polyurethane cationomers containing fluorinated polyol (0–20 wt.%) was successfully performed. FTIR and NMR analysis results confirmed the structure of the obtained polyurethane cationomers and incorporation of fluorinated component into the polyurethane chains. Average molar mass and phase structure of the obtained PU thin films were determined based on GPC, FTIR, WAXD and SEM-EDX results. The obtained cationomers have linear structures with clearly visible microphase separation of soft and hard segment domains; the presence of fluorinated polyol changes the strength of hydrogen bonds and in consequence degree of phase separation. The activation energy of glass transition was calculated based on multi-frequency DSC data. It has been shown that the presence of soft fluorinated segments in the cationomer structure strongly influences the hydrophobic, thermal and mechanical properties of the obtained films.

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35

Li, Gui Yu, Jian Feng Li, Jie Sun, Wei Dong Li, and Liang Yu Song. "A Finite Element Model to Simulate the Cutting of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 1745–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.1745.

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In the present study, the finite element model of machining carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites with representative fiber orientation of 90 degree is established with the following developments: (i) a Johnson-Cook constitutive model of each component in the multi-phase composite materials; (ii) a failure model of the composite material based on physical separation criterion; (iii) the interface between fiber and matrix defined by a interaction. This simulating method can be developed to each kind of fiber reinforced composite materials.

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36

Caputo, A. C., P. M. Pelagagge, and I. Ponticiello. "MIXED GAS-OIL SUBSEA PIPELINES IN OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY: TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2004): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v3i1.3486.

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The choice of gas separation and transportation mode in offshore applications may significantly affect the project profitability. Main alternatives are separation on board the platform with the utilization of separate subsea pipeline for single-phase gas and oil transportation, and remote separation with multiphase transportation of the gas-oil mixture in a single pipeline. In order to assist the project engineers during the feasibility study phase, the problems relevant technical and economic issues are analysed in this paper after preliminarily describing the two process schemes. In particular a computer model is developed in order to simulate the two-phase flow of the multi-component mixture adopting the Beggs and Brill model, which showed to be the most reliable approach in this application. A cost comparison with reference to a hypothetical but realistic case study is finally carried out to assess the convenience of the multiphase flow solution. This option appears to be especially attractive when multiplewell fields exist which can be developed in an integrated manner by providing a single centralized separation plant. A Allowance for additional mass (t) L Liquid production (m3/day x 1000) STP Standard Temperature and Pressure

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37

Dunne, Lawrence J., and George Manos. "Statistical mechanics of binary mixture adsorption in metal–organic frameworks in the osmotic ensemble." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376, no. 2115 (February 5, 2018): 20170151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0151.

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Although crucial for designing separation processes little is known experimentally about multi-component adsorption isotherms in comparison with pure single components. Very few binary mixture adsorption isotherms are to be found in the literature and information about isotherms over a wide range of gas-phase composition and mechanical pressures and temperature is lacking. Here, we present a quasi-one-dimensional statistical mechanical model of binary mixture adsorption in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) treated exactly by a transfer matrix method in the osmotic ensemble. The experimental parameter space may be very complex and investigations into multi-component mixture adsorption may be guided by theoretical insights. The approach successfully models breathing structural transitions induced by adsorption giving a good account of the shape of adsorption isotherms of CO 2 and CH 4 adsorption in MIL-53(Al). Binary mixture isotherms and co-adsorption-phase diagrams are also calculated and found to give a good description of the experimental trends in these properties and because of the wide model parameter range which reproduces this behaviour suggests that this is generic to MOFs. Finally, a study is made of the influence of mechanical pressure on the shape of CO 2 and CH 4 adsorption isotherms in MIL-53(Al). Quite modest mechanical pressures can induce significant changes to isotherm shapes in MOFs with implications for binary mixture separation processes. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modern theoretical chemistry’.

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Barrett, J. "Finite element approximation of a model for phase separation of a multi-component alloy with a concentration-dependent mobility matrix." IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis 18, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 287–328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imanum/18.2.287.

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Barrett, J. "An improved error bound for a finite element approximation of a model for phase separation of a multi-component alloy." IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 147–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imanum/19.1.147.

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Lee, Hyun Geun, Jaemin Shin, and June-Yub Lee. "A High-Order Convex Splitting Method for a Non-Additive Cahn–Hilliard Energy Functional." Mathematics 7, no. 12 (December 16, 2019): 1242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7121242.

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Various Cahn–Hilliard (CH) energy functionals have been introduced to model phase separation in multi-component system. Mathematically consistent models have highly nonlinear terms linked together, thus it is not well-known how to split this type of energy. In this paper, we propose a new convex splitting and a constrained Convex Splitting (cCS) scheme based on the splitting. We show analytically that the cCS scheme is mass conserving and satisfies the partition of unity constraint at the next time level. It is uniquely solvable and energy stable. Furthermore, we combine the convex splitting with the specially designed implicit–explicit Runge–Kutta method to develop a high-order (up to third-order) cCS scheme for the multi-component CH system. We also show analytically that the high-order cCS scheme is unconditionally energy stable. Numerical experiments with ternary and quaternary systems are presented, demonstrating the accuracy, energy stability, and capability of the proposed high-order cCS scheme.

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Wang, Jin, Hai-rong Zeng, Guan-hua Lou, Chang-jiang Hu, Qin-wan Huang, and Xiang-bo Yang. "Fingerprint and multi-component quantitative analyses for quality evaluation of Rhizoma coptidis steamed with rice wine." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 18, no. 6 (May 27, 2021): 1297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v18i6.22.

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Purpose: To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of multi-components of Rhizoma coptidis steamed with rice wine (RCRW), and to provide a reference for assessing its standard of quality. Method: Chromatographic separation was performed on a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system to determine the characteristic fingerprint of RCRW. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A) and 0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid (B), with gradients of B as follows: 15 - 20 % from 0 – 30 min; 20 - 25 % from 30 - 50 min; 25 - 35 % for 50 - 60 min, and 35 % for 60 - 70 min. Results: In the multiple reaction monitoring mode, eight components of RCRW were isolated by HPLCphoto-diode array (PDA) method. A fingerprint of the RCRW was established and 8 peaks were calibrated. The method was further validated in terms of linearity (R2 > 0.9993), precision (relative standard deviation, RSD < 1.51 %); repeatability (RSD < 2.98 %) and stability (RSD < 1.93 %). Mean recovery rate ranged from 96.2 to 103.8 %, while RSD values ranged from 0.92 to 2.88 %. Conclusion: These results show that HPLC-PDA method is accurate and feasible, and that they provide a reference for further comprehensive and effective quality control of RCRW.

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Bronsard, Lia, Harald Garcke, and Barbara Stoth. "A multi-phase Mullins–Sekerka system: matched asymptotic expansions and an implicit time discretisation for the geometric evolution problem." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 128, no. 3 (1998): 481–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308210500021612.

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We propose a generalisation of the Mullins–Sekerka problem to model phase separation in multi-component systems. The model includes equilibrium equations in bulk, the Gibbs–Thomson relation on the interfaces, Young's law at triple junctions, together with a dynamic law of Stefan type. Using formal asymptotic expansions, we establish the relationship to a transition layer model known as the Cahn-Hilliard system. We introduce a notion of weak solutions for this sharp interface model based on integration by parts on manifolds, together with measure theoretical tools. Through an implicit time discretisation, we construct approximate solutions by stepwise minimisation. Under the assumption that there is no loss of area as the time step tends to zero, we show the existence of a weak solution.

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Qu, Chang Rong, Xue Lian Li, Li Wang, Jin Bao Liu, and Xing Hua Tong. "Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in Quenched Fe₇₁Cu₁₀P₁₀B₉ Multi-Component Alloy." Key Engineering Materials 727 (January 2017): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.727.82.

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Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in the rapidly solidified Fe71Cu10P10B9 alloy under different casting conditions is investigated based on the XRD, DSC, and SEM measurements. It is found that during rapid solidification process, Cu-rich globules precipitated in the matrix which mainly consists of α-Fe and Fe3B0.82P0.18 crystals. With increasing cooling rate, LLPS becomes weaker, leading to less precipitation of Cu-rich globules, while the microstructure of the matrix became finer. Magnetic measurements show that the saturation induction and the coercivity of the present samples increase first and then decrease with increasing cooling rate. The corresponding mechanisms related to magnetic performance are also discussed details.

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Zan, Peng, Yingjie Xue, and Meihan Chang. "Research of improved fast independent component analysis algorithm in rectal diagnosis signal preprocessing." International Journal of Artificial Organs 42, no. 11 (June 13, 2019): 636–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0391398819852363.

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With the maturity of artificial organ technology, the use of artificial anal sphincters was proposed to help patients who suffered anal incontinence for various causes reconstruct rectal perception, monitor rectal pressure and diagnose rectal lesion. Aimed at the lack of signal pretreatment in the artificial anal sphincter system, we find a way to solve it, that is, the multi-dimensional reconstruction of the intestinal one-dimensional pressure signal sequence by using phase space reconstruction, and the separation of the reconstructed signal by using the improved fast independent component analysis algorithm. We did some relevant experiments, further extracted the features of the isolated rectal signal, and used back propagation neural network to diagnose the rectal lesions. Experiments show that the method can pretreat the rectal signal, and further analyze the separated signal to diagnose of rectal function. The improved fast independent component analysis algorithm has few iterations, fast convergence, short run time, low requirements on initial weights and good diagnosis. This study lays a foundation for the diagnosis of rectal function by using artificial anal sphincters.

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Kononova, Svetlana V., Roman V. Kremnev, Galina N. Gubanova, Elena N. Vlasova, Elena N. Popova, Milana E. Vylegzhanina, and Anatoly Ya Volkov. "Effect of Phase Heterogeneity on the Properties of Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Composite Pervaporation Membranes." Membranes 12, no. 12 (November 24, 2022): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12121185.

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The structure, thermophysical characteristics, and pervaporation properties of composite membranes based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) are studied in dependence of the film preparation conditions. It is shown that the nature of the supramolecular organization of the composite polymer film determines which of the components of the separated mixtures of toluene and heptane predominantly penetrate through the corresponding pervaporation membrane. The observed structural effects can become more pronounced if the second component of a polymer mixture is purposefully selected (in this case, poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) instead of poly(acrylic acid)) or a nano-sized filler that can be well dispersed in the polymer matrix is introduced. Multi-wall carbon nanotubes are introduced into binary PVA-containing polymer blends. The influence of these fillers on the structure and transport properties of the obtained membranes is studied.

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Chang, Shun Cheng, and Jyh-Ming Wu. "(Digital Presentation) Enhancement on Degradation of Organic Dye through Piezophototronic Activities by High Entropy Oxide-(CaZrYCeCr)O₂ / Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ Nanocomposite." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 36 (October 9, 2022): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02361325mtgabs.

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High entropy material demonstrates several effects from multi-component composition, which is potential in the catalytical field. During this decade, combining the mechanical force-driven piezoelectric/ferroelectric catalysts with photocatalysts has attracted much attention due to the separation of photogenerated carriers, leading to synergistic catalytic activities. This study reports a novel composite of high entropy oxide (CaZrYCeCr)O2 with unique ferroelectric properties mixing with bismuth titanate (Bi4Ti3O12) microplates, improving the piezo-phototronic catalytic activities. The results show that high entropy oxide catalyst (CaZrYCeCr)O2 mainly consists of the porous structure with multivalent transition metal substitution, contributing to severe lattice distortion. Consequently, the precipitation of disordered phase Ca(Zr1-xCrx)O3(x=0.05~0.1) caused by lattice distortion was decorated on the porous framework. In addition, Ca(Zr1-xCrx)O3 with a non-centrosymmetric structure exhibits ferroelectric property and plays a vital role in separating the electron-hole pairs, which performs higher degradation efficiency around 588 % compared to pristine ZrYCeO2. Additionally, the ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 was considered to construct a Z-scheme catalytic activity and form a heterojunction high entropy oxide. Furthermore, we demonstrated that morphotropic phase boundaries between Bi4Ti3O12 and CaZr1-xCrxO3 could dramatically enhance the ferroelectric property and promote the performance of the piezo-phototronic activities, revealing that CaZrYCeCrO2/ Bi4Ti3O12 could be an innovative catalyst in the future.

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Barrett, John W., and James F. Blowey. "An optimal error bound for a finite element approximation of a model for phase separation of a multi-component alloy with non-smooth free energy." ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis 33, no. 5 (September 1999): 971–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/m2an:1999129.

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Maphoto, Refiloe Innocencia, Raesibe Sylvia Ledwaba, Kemeridge Tumelo Malatji, Mallang Cliffton Masedi, and Phuti Esrom Ngoepe. "Phase Stability of Ta-Doped Tetragonal Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (t-LLZO) Solid-State Electrolyte: A First-Principle Cluster Expansion Study." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 3 (October 9, 2022): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-023331mtgabs.

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Using first-principles calculations and cluster expansion, this study generates new possible stable phases of t-LLZO containing a supervalent cation, Ta, on the Zr-site as a way to enhance the conductivity of the tetragonal crystal structure. The Monte-Carlo simulation was then used to provide further insight into the behaviour of the Ta-doped phases as a function of temperature under the canonical ensemble. The cluster expansion binary ground-state diagram generated 28 new multi-component Li5La3Zr2-xTaxO12 structures that are miscible. It is found that all the structures are thermodynamically stable with negative enthalpy of formation. The Monte-Carlo temperature profile shows no phase separation, and the system mixes well at ~900K. Further density functional theory calculations were performed on the most stable generated Ta-doped LLZO structures to determine the structural properties of the structures for their application as active solid-state electrolytes. It is found that the generated structures exhibit good structural stability due to the smooth decrease in calculated lattice parameters, which indicates that the smaller the difference between the dopant ionic radius and the critical dopant radius, the higher the conductivity. Therefore, the findings provide a better understanding of the phase stability of the generated Ta-doped LLZO structures, which paves the way for further analysis of the rate of lithium-ion diffusion and the mobility of the lanthanum, zirconium, tantalum, and oxygen ions in the systems at high temperatures.

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Barrett, John W., and James F. Blowey. "An improved error bound for a finite element approximation of a model for phase separation of a multi-component alloy with a concentration dependent mobility matrix." Numerische Mathematik 88, no. 2 (April 2001): 255–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00005445.

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Caliandro, Rocco, and Danilo Benny Belviso. "RootProf: software for multivariate analysis of unidimensional profiles." Journal of Applied Crystallography 47, no. 3 (May 10, 2014): 1087–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576714005895.

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RootProfis a multi-purpose program which implements multivariate analysis of unidimensional profiles. Series of measurements, performed on related samples or on the same sample by varying some external stimulus, are analysed to find trends in data, classify them and extract quantitative information. Qualitative analysis is performed by using principal component analysis or correlation analysis. In both cases the data set is projected in a latent variable space, where a clustering algorithm classifies data points. Group separation is quantified by statistical tools. Quantitative phase analysis of a series of profiles is implemented by whole-profile fitting or by an unfolding procedure, and relies on a variety of pre-processing methods. Supervised quantitative analysis can be applied, provideda prioriinformation on some samples is provided.RootProfcan be applied to measurements from different techniques, which can be combined by means of a covariance analysis. A specific analysis for powder diffraction data allows estimation of the average size of crystal domains.RootProfborrows its graphics and data analysis capabilities from the Root framework, developed for high-energy physics experiments.

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