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Varoglu, Sevin, and Stephen Jenks. "Architectural support for thread communications in multi-core processors." Parallel Computing 37, no. 1 (January 2011): 26–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parco.2010.08.006.
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Titos-Gil, Rubén, Oscar Palomar, Osman Unsal, and Adrian Cristal. "Architectural support for efficient message passing on shared memory multi-cores." Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing 95 (September 2016): 92–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2016.02.005.
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Desruelle, Heiko, Simon Isenberg, Andreas Botsikas, Paolo Vergori, and Frank Gielen. "Accessible user interface support for multi-device ubiquitous applications: architectural modifiability considerations." Universal Access in the Information Society 15, no. 1 (August 17, 2014): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10209-014-0373-0.
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Xiang, Xingwei, Xiaolong Yang, Jixi Chen, Renzhong Tang, and Luoke Hu. "A Comprehensive Model of Teaching Digital Design in Architecture that Incorporates Sustainability." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 12, 2020): 8368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208368.
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Digital technology and its use in architecture support the construction industry in transitioning to more sustainable building development. Digital technology is widely taught in architecture programs in China, but there are few consistent strategies for combining digital architectural design with traditional architectural design in architectural education. Consequently, sustainable design concepts are not included in digital architectural design courses, and thus architectural education is not concerned with sustainable development. In this paper, we focus on the teaching of digital design in architecture and investigate how digital architectural design teaching can incorporate sustainability. Data from 15 universities were qualitatively analyzed, leading to the development of four models of teaching digital architectural design. Development of the models revealed that there are three increasing levels in digital architectural design teaching and that there is a close relationship between the teaching level and the transfer of architectural knowledge. This recognition led to the development of a single comprehensive model of digital architectural design teaching that is universally applicable. This research increases our understanding of digital architectural design teaching in architecture programs and strengthens the multi-level connections between digital architectural design teaching and designing and constructing sustainable built objects.
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Miķelsone, Ilze. "The Role of Social Engagement in the Development of Significant Architectural Objects." Architecture and Urban Planning 13, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aup-2017-0001.
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Abstract Social engagement and public participation is perceived as emerging social concern and coincidental annoyance for architects during the design and building processes. In the development of objects of public importance, especially those of ambiguous assessments, the knowledge of participatory methods, institutional support options, and knowledge of public relations and media literacy becomes an important element in contemporary architectural practice. Latvia’s legislation ensures standard public participation procedure in a unified system within the attribute of “significant architectural object”. This study attempts to recognize the origin and structure of multi-layered topic when the involvement of a wider public is applied in the development of architectural objects. It collects generally known major failures and maps component attributes within three stages. The Conclusion presents several observations on main research question, – how the development of notable architectural objects in the local market is de facto affected by engagement of wider public.
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Roehrs, Alex, Cristiano A. da Costa, Rodrigo R. Righi, André H. Mayer, Valter F. da Silva, José R. Goldim, and Douglas C. Schmidt. "Integrating multiple blockchains to support distributed personal health records." Health Informatics Journal 27, no. 2 (April 2021): 146045822110075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14604582211007546.
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Blockchain technologies have evolved in recent years, as have the use of personal health record (PHR) data. Initially, only the financial domain benefited from Blockchain technologies. Due to efficient distribution format and data integrity security, however, these technologies have demonstrated potential in other areas, such as PHR data in the healthcare domain. Applying Blockchain to PHR data faces different challenges than applying it to financial transactions via crypto-currency. To propose and discuss an architectural model of a Blockchain platform named “OmniPHR Multi-Blockchain” to address key challenges associated with geographical distribution of PHR data. We analyzed the current literature to identify critical barriers faced when applying Blockchain technologies to distribute PHR data. We propose an architecture model and describe a prototype developed to evaluate and address these challenges. The OmniPHR Multi-Blockchain architecture yielded promising results for scenarios involving distributed PHR data. The project demonstrated a viable and beneficial alternative for processing geographically distributed PHR data with performance comparable with conventional methods. Blockchain’s implementation tools have evolved, but the domain of healthcare still faces many challenges concerning distribution and interoperability. This study empirically demonstrates an alternative architecture that enables the distributed processing of PHR data via Blockchain technologies.
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Inoue, Makoto, and Hideyuki Takagi. "Architectural Room Planning Support System using Methods of Generating Spatial Layout Plans and Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization." Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence 24 (2009): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1527/tjsai.24.25.
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Aleksanyan, Grayr K., Ivan D. Shcherbakov, Artem I. Kucher, and Andrey V. Sulyz. "Development of software monitoring module for multi-angle electric impedance tomography method research." MATEC Web of Conferences 226 (2018): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822602024.
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This paper describes the experience of software development for multi-angle electrical impedance tomography. The relevance and necessity of an architecture for this kind of software product creating is considered, requirements for reliability and fault tolerance are defined. The choice of the architectural model has been made, design patterns have also been chosen taking into account the prospective scenario of using the developed software, their advantages are shown too. The most important attributes of software quality are described, which should implement the developed software product. The considered attributes of quality are projected on specific modules of the developed software. The architectural models and templates chosen during design are described, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. Support issues for the software developed by the cross-platform are discussed, and the possibility of working in various operating systems is demonstrated.
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Kehl, Stefan, Carsten Hesselmann, Patrick Stiefel, and Jörg P. Müller. "Challenges and Architectural Approaches for Automotive PLM in Multi-Brand Organisations - A Discussion Paper." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 1095–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.115.
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AbstractToday, top-down processes, centralized IT infrastructures, and one-vendor strategies prevail in Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) of large multi-brand Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) groups. Given the usually decentralized organisation and structures and processes that emerge from cross-brand collaboration, these centralized approaches are challenging the adaptiveness and performance of the OEM groups.In this concept paper, we investigate challenges for cross-brand and cross-domain cooperation from the perspective of processes and IT systems. The main contribution of this paper is that we motivate and outline a novel technical architecture approach combining service-orientation with an event-driven software architecture and asynchronous event processing to support users from different brands and domains in their collaboration along the development process. We analyse related work on collaboration models as well as on event processing and discuss our approach before the background of the state of the art. Finally, we summarize our findings and give an outlook to future research venues.
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Omar, Mohd Faizal, Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi, Jastini Mohd Jamil, Ani Munirah Mohamad, and Saslina Kamaruddin. "Research Design of Mobile Based Decision Support for Early Flood Warning System." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 14, no. 17 (October 13, 2020): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i17.16557.
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Flooding has become one of the most rapidly growing types of natural disaster that has spread around the globe. It is is one of the major natural hazards in many countries and mostly affected in the low-lying or flood prone areas. In order to minimize loss of life and economic losses, a detailed and comprehensive decision making tool is necessary for both flood control planning and emergency service operations. In this paper, we demonstrate our research design for mobile based decision support of Flood Early Warning System (FEWS). We outlined four research objectives. Firstly, critical criteria for flood risk assessment will be identified and the second step will involve develop measurement model for relative flood risk using Geographic Information System (GIS), Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) and data mining technique. In the third objectives, the holistic architectural design is develop by incorporating the communication technology and other related ICT requirements for the mobile decision support. The fourth objective is to validate the mathematical model and architectural design. Case study approach is chosen in order to understand the flood event and validate the decision support model. Following well-defined procedures, flood maps were drawn based on the data collected from expert responses to a questionnaire, the field survey, satellite images, and documents from flood management agencies. It is anticipates that by integrating of mathematical model, GIS and mobile application in flood risk assessment could provide useful detailed information for flood risk management, evacuation, communication. The decision support design from this study is perhaps to improve the warning system and contribute to reduction of casualties.
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Setola, Nicoletta, Eletta Naldi, Maria Vittoria Arnetoli, Luca Marzi, and Roberto Bologna. "Hospital responses to COVID-19: evidence from case studies to support future healthcare design research." Facilities 40, no. 1/2 (November 3, 2021): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-03-2021-0023.
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Purpose The Covid-19 pandemic has placed health-care systems and their facilities throughout the world under immense pressure. The pandemic has highlighted the crucial role of health-care facilities design in looking beyond the ongoing crisis and considering how hospitals can better prepare for unexpected future health situations. This study aims to investigate how hospitals reacted to the crisis in terms of their physical spaces, which architectural features permitted the necessary transformations, and how this data can inform hospital design research in the future. Design/methodology/approach The research adopted a qualitative and multi-method approach to case studies. Data was collected directly (field survey and interviews) and indirectly (literature, periodicals, specialised websites, webinars, conferences and forums), and a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats analysis supported the data evaluation. Findings Hospitals’ responses to the crisis were guided by a host of variables depending on the specific intervention context and risk scenario. Some key issues emerged as particularly meaningful to drive future research in hospital design, namely, architectural typology, layout and spatial proximities, technological systems, the quality of care spaces, the role of public spaces, facility management tools to drive the transformation, territorial health care networks and new technologies. Originality/value The paper suggests that the current crisis can be transformed into an opportunity, in terms of research and innovation, to rethink and improve the quality and efficiency of health-care spaces, restoring their crucial role of promoting health by design.
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Zachary, Wayne, and Robert G. Eggleston. "A Development Environment and Methodology for the Design of Work-Centered User Interface Systems." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 46, no. 5 (September 2002): 656–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120204600512.
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Work Centered Support System design represents an approach to the development of user interface application as an integrated, multi-faceted active and passive aiding system. Several successful instances of WCSSs have been developed using largely labor-intensive hand analysis and software coding methods. Here we describe a well-formed analysis, design, and implementation development environment, called the WIL Application Toolkit (WAT), as a work-centered development support aid for one type of WCSSs. The design principles and architectural properties of the WAT are discussed in the context of a design methodology. These aiding tools for interface system development is expected to improve WCSS design, shorten develop time, and improve sustainability of released interface products.
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Ali, Ahmed Kamal. "Architecture within a circular economy: Process mapping a resource-based design-bid-build project delivery system." Enquiry A Journal for Architectural Research 14, no. 1 (December 17, 2017): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17831/enq:arcc.v14i1.432.
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In this paper, we develop a novel method for integrating system thinking into architectural design by mapping its processes in a standard process modeling language. We structured a decision-support framework using process mapping workflows to incorporate sustainable building materials and resource-based design decisions into the architectural practice. We turned to other disciplines’ knowledgebases, such as Business Information Technology (BIT), to develop a workflow for the Design-Bid-Build project delivery method (DBB). Mapping both current and the proposed design processes, including their activities, workflow, and decision nodes, was critical in defining roles, flow of information, and subsequent decisions. In this study, we utilized a qualitative methodology to capture the required knowledge from industry experts in resource-based design and then integrated our findings into a set of process maps to support the materials decisions by the architectural project team. This study establishes a system of information exchange to support the growth of the newly emerging industry of reuse stores and vendors. Through numerous interviews and knowledge capturing sessions with industry experts from the building material reuse industry that acknowledged an absence of a "system of information exchange." It is through this study that an overall system of information exchange will connect the links between the reuse industry and the AEC industry. The primary outcome of this study is a structured process for design with resource reuse. This process will redefine the DBB traditional design process by introducing new procedures, define information exchange and identify key decisions within the proposed processes, define responsibilities and identify key stakeholders. The author conducted an extensive multi-year knowledge capturing process with constructive feedback from the industry experts.
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Agung Wahyudi, Imam Buchori, and Joesron Alie Sjahbana. "TRANSFORMASI RUANG AKIBAT KONFLIK." Jurnal Koridor 10, no. 1 (July 25, 2019): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/koridor.v10i1.1381.
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The transformation of space in architecture due to conflicts of interest, has not been studied much, so that architecture is used as a benchmark for understanding quality, marking the ownership or power of a group towards space. With a case study of conflicts of interest in the Kuta Bali tourist area, and by applying the land reconstruction method, it was found a process of changing space and its impact on the people of Kuta in particular and for Bali tourism in general, because Kuta is a major tourist destination. In this study will refine the theory of the description of architectural processes of space change due to conflicts of interest. Findings about inter-disciplinary research methods, bridging architectural science with its supporting sciences (sociology, psychology, anthropology). The role of architecture will support an alternative concept in the process of changing space due to conflicts of interest, as well as spatial planning that experiences dynamic and multi-dimensionalchanges.
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Zagorskas, Jurgis, and Zenonas Turskis. "MULTI‐ATTRIBUTE MODEL FOR ESTIMATION OF RETAIL CENTRES INFLUENCE ON THE CITY STRUCTURE. KAUNAS CITY CASE STUDY." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 12, no. 4 (December 31, 2006): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2006.9637765.
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This paper concerns multi‐attribute decision support methodology applied to analyze the impact of retail centres on the city as a complex system. Influence on the city is described as the sum of effects the retail centres give to the quality of life to the neighborhood and other city population, the work of city transportation system, architectural and urban perception of the city. The gamut of impact is estimated and numerical expression is obtained. Using it different alternative objects are compared. The task is described by many attributes. The main attributes are distinguished to measure the influence of retail centres on quality of life, the work of transportation system, on the economics and the architectural ‐ urban perception of the city. On the basis of expert judgment the weights of attributes are estimated. The normalization of the efficiency attributes is done using linear normalization method. The values of different attributes are derived from the rating done by urbanism ground experts. From ideal values the optimal alternative is made. Influence is estimated using Multiplicative Summarized Optimal Criterion method. The strategy of retail centres development is defined by comparison of existing objects to ideal value. The multi‐attribute model for estimation of retail centres influence to the city was used in “Kaunas city municipality specialised plan for dislocation of retail centres”. The research results determined effectiveness of existing objects and future development strategy.
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Michalowski, W., D. O’Sullivan, K. Farion, J. Sayyad-Shirabad, C. Kuziemsky, B. Kukawka, and S. Wilk. "A Task-based Support Architecture for Developing Point-of-care Clinical Decision Support Systems for the Emergency Department." Methods of Information in Medicine 52, no. 01 (2013): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me11-01-0099.
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SummaryObjectives: The purpose of this study was to create a task-based support architecture for developing clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) that assist physicians in making decisions at the point-of-care in the emergency department (ED). The backbone of the proposed architecture was established by a task-based emergency workflow model for a patient-physician encounter.Methods: The architecture was designed according to an agent-oriented paradigm. Specifically, we used the O-MaSE (Organization-based Multi-agent System Engineering) method that allows for iterative translation of functional requirements into architectural components (e.g., agents). The agent-oriented paradigm was extended with ontology-driven design to implement ontological models representing knowledge required by specific agents to operate.Results: The task-based architecture allows for the creation of a CDSS that is aligned with the task-based emergency workflow model. It facilitates decoupling of executable components (agents) from embedded domain knowledge (ontological models), thus supporting their interoperability, sharing, and reuse. The generic architecture was implemented as a pilot system, MET3-AE – a CDSS to help with the management of pediatric asthma exacerbation in the ED. The system was evaluated in a hospital ED.Conclusions: The architecture allows for the creation of a CDSS that integrates support for all tasks from the task-based emergency workflow model, and interacts with hospital information systems. Proposed architecture also allows for reusing and sharing system components and knowledge across disease-specific CDSSs.
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Lee, Woosik, Eun Suk Suh, Woo Young Kwak, and Hoon Han. "Comparative Analysis of 5G Mobile Communication Network Architectures." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (April 4, 2020): 2478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072478.
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Mobile communication technology is evolving from 4G to 5G. Compared to previous generations, 5G has the capability to implement latency-critical services, such as autonomous driving, real-time AI on handheld devices and remote drone control. Multi-access Edge Computing is one of the key technologies of 5G in guaranteeing ultra-low latency aimed to support latency critical services by distributing centralized computing resources to networks edges closer to users. However, due to its high granularity of computing resources, Multi-access Edge Computing has an architectural vulnerability in that it can lead to the overloading of regional computing resources, a phenomenon called regional traffic explosion. This paper proposes an improved communication architecture called Hybrid Cloud Computing, which combines the advantages of both Centralized Cloud Computing and Multi-access Edge Computing. The performance of the proposed network architecture is evaluated by utilizing a discrete-event simulation model. Finally, the results, advantages, and disadvantages of various network architectures are discussed.
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Toporkov, Volodymyr. "AESTHETIC PROBLEMS OF AUTOMOBILE MULTI-LEVEL TRANSPORT INTERCHANGES." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 79 (April 11, 2022): 406–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2022.79.406-419.
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The aesthetic qualities of the artificial environment are influenced by all types of buildings that form it. This fully applies to this type of construction, such as multi-level road interchanges. The practice of building such structures shows that architects do not always pay enough attention to the appearance of transport facilities, shifting all the responsibility to engineers. The consequence of this approach is a decrease in the aesthetic qualities of the urban environment.
The nature of transport facilities changed depending on the development of economic and engineering capabilities of society, as well as the types of transport for which the fault was built.
In the case of using traditional building materials - natural stone or brick, buildings structurally and architecturally acquired features formed in ancient times. In reinforced concrete viaducts, the supports less visually overlap the natural environment. The arched structure, with its transition from the surfaces of the supports to the arch, creates the compositional integrity of the viaduct, and increasing the number of bearing supports, and their metric location, increases the role of supports in the overall composition . A small number of supports showed that the viaduct can be a structure that does not visually "cut" the surrounding landscape, does not interfere with its view and perception.
We have a slightly different situation with such transport facilities as multi-level car interchanges. The solution is horizontal planar composition. A multi-level denouement is a set of viaducts that intersect at different levels. Unlike a classic viaduct, a multi-level interchange is not a complete compositional whole. Due to the complex spatial construction of the multilevel solution, the location of the supports is perceived as chaotic and not subject to a single compositional plan. We are not talking about the aesthetic qualities of such an environment.
The history of viaduct construction has shown the importance of the shape of supports in the formation of aesthetic qualities of transport facilities. The search for expressive, attractive forms of support in architectural objects has long been given much attention. This process did not stop the whole history of architecture and construction. It continues in modern architecture. Giving supports more complex shapes than square and rectangular, improves their appearance, visually reduces the size. There are options for applying three-dimensional decor on the surface of large supports. The search for the shape of supports and other structural elements of multilevel transport interchanges can diversify and make recognizable structures of this type. In order to improve the appearance of multilevel transport interchanges, other means can be used - landscaping, color and others. In the future, with the advent of new materials, it may be possible to create the supporting supports of the trestle transparent. This will radically change their appearance. The forest of supports will become less noticeable, and overpasses will create the impression of soaring in the air.
Changing approaches to the appearance of multilevel transport interchanges, increasing the variety of architectural and compositional solutions based on the achievements of modern engineering and materials science will create them full-fledged, in terms of aesthetic qualities, elements of the urban environment.
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Porta, Marta, Chiara Tonda-Turo, Daniele Pierantozzi, Gianluca Ciardelli, and Elena Mancuso. "Towards 3D Multi-Layer Scaffolds for Periodontal Tissue Engineering Applications: Addressing Manufacturing and Architectural Challenges." Polymers 12, no. 10 (September 28, 2020): 2233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102233.
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Reduced periodontal support, deriving from chronic inflammatory conditions, such as periodontitis, is one of the main causes of tooth loss. The use of dental implants for the replacement of missing teeth has attracted growing interest as a standard procedure in clinical practice. However, adequate bone volume and soft tissue augmentation at the site of the implant are important prerequisites for successful implant positioning as well as proper functional and aesthetic reconstruction of patients. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds have greatly contributed to solve most of the challenges that traditional solutions (i.e., autografts, allografts and xenografts) posed. Nevertheless, mimicking the complex architecture and functionality of the periodontal tissue represents still a great challenge. In this study, a porous poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and Sr-doped nano hydroxyapatite (Sr-nHA) with a multi-layer structure was produced via a single-step additive manufacturing (AM) process, as a potential strategy for hard periodontal tissue regeneration. Physicochemical characterization was conducted in order to evaluate the overall scaffold architecture, topography, as well as porosity with respect to the original CAD model. Furthermore, compressive tests were performed to assess the mechanical properties of the resulting multi-layer structure. Finally, in vitro biological performance, in terms of biocompatibility and osteogenic potential, was evaluated by using human osteosarcoma cells. The manufacturing route used in this work revealed a highly versatile method to fabricate 3D multi-layer scaffolds with porosity levels as well as mechanical properties within the range of dentoalveolar bone tissue. Moreover, the single step process allowed the achievement of an excellent integrity among the different layers of the scaffold. In vitro tests suggested the promising role of the ceramic phase within the polymeric matrix towards bone mineralization processes. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that the approach undertaken may serve as a platform for future advances in 3D multi-layer and patient-specific strategies that may better address complex periodontal tissue defects.
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Chochliouros, Ioannis P., Anastasia S. Spiliopoulou, Pavlos I. Lazaridis, Zaharias D. Zaharis, Maria-Rita Spada, Jordi Pérez-Romero, Bego Blanco, Hicham Khalife, Ehsan Ebrahimi Khaleghi, and Michail-Alexandros Kourtis. "5G for the Support of Public Safety Services." Wireless Personal Communications 120, no. 3 (May 20, 2021): 2321–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08473-5.
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AbstractNext-generation mobile technologies are the enablers for meeting the variable specific requirements of the public safety (PS) community. In particular, due to the development of commercially deployed 5G networks, PS providers look for ways to implement related solutions upon such infrastructures, potentially in a shared use with existing commercial networks. In particular, LTE and 5G NR networks are rapidly gaining recognition as an all-inclusive critical communications platform for the delivery of both mission and business critical applications. Within this scope, we take into account the innovative architectural approach that has been proposed by the 5G ESSENCE project, addressing the paradigms of edge computing and small cell as-a-service that has been realised via a cloud-enabled small cell infrastructure leveraging multi-access technologies in 5G, where we propose a dedicated PS use case, able to offer a mission critical push-to-talk service as well as a Chat and Localisation service. Each one of these services is associated to a dedicated network slice within the scope of the corresponding fundamental 5G ESSENCE architecture and both services are provided via suitable VNFs, thus offering great flexibility to serve PS needs together. We further discuss the overall scenario deployment with the related technical enablers and the proposed functionalities, per case. The corresponding end-to-end slicing makes possible to allocate both radio and cloud resources to the involved critical actors, in an automated and elastic way.
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POPA, Cezar. "MODULAR COMMAND AND CONTROL STRUCTURES AND FORCE ORGANIZATION USABLE IN OPERATIONS AT HIGH ALTITUDES." BULLETIN OF "CAROL I" NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY 10, no. 4 (January 10, 2022): 96–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.53477/2284-9378-21-49.
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Mountainous areas located at high altitudes, hardly accessible, are used as safe heavens and staging areas by various asymmetrical groups. Addressing these challenges in areas of operations located at high altitudes requires the existence of specific capabilities for command and control. C2 based on mission command must be adapted to the current requirements generated by conflicts with variable geometry, mosaic type conflicts, composite, multifaceted, multi-layered, multi-domain conflicts. Command and control systems should have architectural flexibility, intelligent digitised platforms and its modules should be perfectly functionall and interoperable (based on self-sufficiency ‒ extended capability to operate over time). We believe that, at high altitudes, the architecture of a complex command and control system must be modular and designed as a coherent integrator of sensors, decision-makers, performers and support capabilities, interconnected in subsystems that ensure the planning, preparation, execution and effective evaluation of military actions. In the conditions of diversification of risks and threats in the multidimensional operational environment, the architecture of the command and control systems must be permanently adapted in order to ensure real-time, horizontal and vertical communication between forces, support structures and command-control structures.
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Zinkevych, P., and S. Baluta. "Comparative calculation of power and electricity production by photoelectric stations (FES) for civil objects and parking." Scientific Works of National University of Food Technologies 28, no. 6 (December 2022): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24263/2225-2924-2022-28-6-5.
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Designing residential power supply systems using rene-wable energy sources is an urgent task, as it allows to ensure energy-efficient modes of power supply and power consumption, to reduce the cost of consumed electric power. The article proposes approaches to the design of a photo¬voltaic power station (PPS), which is installed on the roof of an apartment building, a multi-story parking lot, taking into account the architectural features of buildings, which significantly affect the roof area for photovoltaic cells and the consumption of electrical energy. The classification of mul¬ti-apartment residential buildings (MARB) according to architectural features is presented. Design of PPS and calculation of electric loads for MARB of various architectural groups was carried out. The calculation of electrical loads was carried out separately for the MARB and for the life support system of the MARB. The calculation was carried out using information on previously collected data on resi¬dential buildings and specific loads of apartments. The spe¬cific calculated loads of apartments take into account the lighting load of general building premises, as well as the load of low-current devices and low-power power equipment. The calculated load of the MARB power receivers was determined as the sum of the calculated loads of elevator installations and the load of sanitary and technical devices. For MARB of different architectural forms with different number of apartments, simulation of PPS operation modes was performed: taking into account the location of the PPS installation, solar radiation, features of the generating equipment, forecast values of generated power and electric energy for different periods of the year were calculated. Modeling was carried out using the SAM software package. Financial assessment of PPS projects was carried out. Capital investments for the FES and the payback period of the project were calculated.
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Darabi, Sina, Negin Mahani, Hazhir Baxishi, Ehsan Yousefzadeh, Mohammad Sadrosadati, and Hamid Sarbazi-Azad. "NURA." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 50, no. 1 (June 20, 2022): 39–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3547353.3522656.
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Multi-application execution in Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), a promising way to utilize GPU resources, is still challenging. Some pieces of prior work (e.g. spatial multitasking) have limited opportunity to improve resource utilization, while others, e.g. simultaneous multi-kernel, provide fine-grained resource sharing at the price of unfair execution. This paper proposes a new multi-application paradigm for GPUs, called NURA, that provides high potential to improve resource utilization and ensure fairness and Quality-of-Service(QoS). The key idea is that each streaming multiprocessor (SM) executes the Cooperative Thread Arrays (CTAs) that belong to only one application (similar to spatial multi-tasking) and shares its unused resources with the SMs running other applications demanding more resources. NURA handles resource sharing process mainly using a software approach to provide simplicity, low hardware overhead, and flexibility.We also perform some hardware modifications as an architectural support for our software-based proposal. Our conservative analysis reveals that the hardware area overhead of our proposal is less than 1.07% with respect to the whole GPU die. Our experimental results over various mixes of GPU workloads show that NURA improves throughput by 26% compared to the state-of-the-art spatial multi-tasking, on average, while meeting QoS targets. In terms of fairness, NURA has almost similar results to spatial multitasking, while it outperforms simultaneous multi-kernel by 76%, on average.
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Darabi, Sina, Negin Mahani, Hazhir Baxishi, Ehsan Yousefzadeh-Asl-Miandoab, Mohammad Sadrosadati, and Hamid Sarbazi-Azad. "NURA." Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems 6, no. 1 (February 24, 2022): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3508036.
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Multi-application execution in Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), a promising way to utilize GPU resources, is still challenging. Some pieces of prior work (e.g., spatial multitasking) have limited opportunity to improve resource utilization, while other works, e.g., simultaneous multi-kernel, provide fine-grained resource sharing at the price of unfair execution. This paper proposes a new multi-application paradigm for GPUs, called NURA, that provides high potential to improve resource utilization and ensures fairness and Quality-of-Service (QoS). The key idea is that each streaming multiprocessor (SM) executes Cooperative Thread Arrays (CTAs) belong to only one application (similar to the spatial multi-tasking) and shares its unused resources with the SMs running other applications demanding more resources. NURA handles resource sharing process mainly using a software approach to provide simplicity, low hardware cost, and flexibility. We also perform some hardware modifications as an architectural support for our software-based proposal. We conservatively analyze the hardware cost of our proposal, and observe less than 1.07% area overhead with respect to the whole GPU die. Our experimental results over various mixes of GPU workloads show that NURA improves GPU system throughput by 26% compared to state-of-the-art spatial multi-tasking, on average, while meeting the QoS target. In terms of fairness, NURA has almost similar results to spatial multitasking, while it outperforms simultaneous multi-kernel by an average of 76%.
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Bilous, Iryna, Dmytro Petrenko, and Oleh Yermolenko. "THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF DISTRIBUTED DATABASE SYSTEM BASED ON POLYGLOT PERSISTENCE TECHNOLOGIES." Technical Sciences and Technologies, no. 3(29) (2022): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2022-3(29)-94-101.
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The analysis of modern methods and technologies used for solving the problems of creating and maintaining distributed databases with a multi-variant storage was carried out. Distributed databases with a single mechanism for accessing multi-variate data are singled out. The use of scalability mechanisms in the direction of horizontal scaling (in which a certain number of servers are increased within one system) is considered.The justification for the use of the Brewer'stheorem is given, in relation to restrictions and compromise solutions regard-ing properties: consistency, availability, partition tolerance. In relation to this theory, a formalization of the definition of prop-erties for distributed multimodel databases is presented. The extension to the Brewer'stheorem, which requires a trade-off between delays and consistency when applying a replication, and the principles for basic availability and eventual consistency are taken into account.The ways to create and support a highly loaded e-commerce system with support for distributed databases with multi-variate persistence are provided in the article. Examplesof possible architectural solutions for organizing access in such a system using a mix of relational and NoSQL (such as document, key-value, graph and column storage) are given. Such archi-tectural solution as distributed multi-model DBMS with a single access mechanism is proposed to overcome the problems of accessing databases with multi-variant saving from business logic. The shortcomings for such solution’s modern implementa-tions and ways of its improvement are shown. In particular, it is a support for all known data models and dynamic access to data loaded in one model in the format of another model.This work provides an opportunity to obtain and analyze experimental data at the next stages for the study of distributed multi-model dynamic databases using loading effects to obtain quantitative and qualitative characteristics of basic availability and partition tolerance for a fixed parameter of the eventual consistency for multimodel DBMS with a single access mechanism.
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Tahsiri, Mina. "Dialogue in the studio: Supporting comprehension in studio-based architectural design tutorials." Art, Design & Communication in Higher Education 19, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 149–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/adch_00020_1.
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This article examines perceptions regarding the purpose and delivery of tutorials in the architectural design studio that can support how students comprehend feedback. It draws on literature on ‘dialogic feedback’ and theoretical accounts of ‘dialogue’, framing the notion of the dialogic as one in which meanings and identities are realized through a multi-voiced state, questioning the extent to which studio-based tutorials can be considered dialogic. The study uses thematic analysis to reflect on 212 accounts of educators and students at a UK-based architecture school. The article highlights that a comprehension-oriented praxis as opposed to an assessment-oriented praxis can better enable dialogic practice, allowing learners to realize, position and comprehend their own voice amongst the divergent views. The article extends the critical body of work dedicated to evaluating feedback delivery in one-off review sessions, to the context of tutorials and their longitudinal implications on the learning experience.
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Chiarini, S., S. Cremonesi, L. Fregonese, F. Fassi, and L. Taffurelli. "A multi-range approach for Cultural Heritage survey: a case study in Mantua Unesco site." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 6, 2014): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-157-2014.
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In this paper, a Cultural Heritage survey, performed by employing and integrating different type of acquisition technologies (imagebased and active sensor based) is presented. The aim of the survey is to create a 3D multiscale database, therefore, different restitution scales, from the architectural-urban one to a detail one are taken in consideration. This research is part of a project financed by the Unesco for the study of historical gardens located in Mantua and Sabbioneta, and in particular for the <i>Palazzo Te</i> renaissance gardens in Mantua, which are reported in this paper. First of all, a general survey of the area has been realized by employing the classical aerial photogrammetry in order to provide the actual arboreal and urban furniture conditions of the gardens (1:500 scale). Next, a detailed photogrammetric survey of the Esedra courtyard in <i>Palazzo Te</i> has been performed by using a UAV system. At the end, laser scanning and traditional topography have been used for the terrestrial detailed acquisition of gardens and architectural façades (1:50–1:20 scale). The aim of this research is to create a suitable graphical documentation support for the study of the structure of the gardens, to analyze how they have been modified over the years and as an effective support for eventual future re-design. Moreover, the research has involved a certain number of botanic and archeological investigations, which have been duly acquired and modeled with image based systems.<br><br> Starting from the acquired datasets with their acquisition scales, a series of comparative analysis have been performed, especially for those areas in which all the systems have been employed. The comparisons have been extracted by analyzing point cloud models obtained by using a topographical network.<br><br> As a result, the multi-range approach efficiency, obtained by employing the actual available technologies have been illustrated in the present work.
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Trakadas, Panagiotis, Pieter Simoens, Panagiotis Gkonis, Lambros Sarakis, Angelos Angelopoulos, Alfonso P. Ramallo-González, Antonio Skarmeta, et al. "An Artificial Intelligence-Based Collaboration Approach in Industrial IoT Manufacturing: Key Concepts, Architectural Extensions and Potential Applications." Sensors 20, no. 19 (September 24, 2020): 5480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20195480.
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The digitization of manufacturing industry has led to leaner and more efficient production, under the Industry 4.0 concept. Nowadays, datasets collected from shop floor assets and information technology (IT) systems are used in data-driven analytics efforts to support more informed business intelligence decisions. However, these results are currently only used in isolated and dispersed parts of the production process. At the same time, full integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in all parts of manufacturing systems is currently lacking. In this context, the goal of this manuscript is to present a more holistic integration of AI by promoting collaboration. To this end, collaboration is understood as a multi-dimensional conceptual term that covers all important enablers for AI adoption in manufacturing contexts and is promoted in terms of business intelligence optimization, human-in-the-loop and secure federation across manufacturing sites. To address these challenges, the proposed architectural approach builds on three technical pillars: (1) components that extend the functionality of the existing layers in the Reference Architectural Model for Industry 4.0; (2) definition of new layers for collaboration by means of human-in-the-loop and federation; (3) security concerns with AI-powered mechanisms. In addition, system implementation aspects are discussed and potential applications in industrial environments, as well as business impacts, are presented.
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Preissl, Robert, Alice Koniges, Stephan Ethier, Weixing Wang, and Nathan Wichmann. "Overlapping Communication with Computation Using OpenMP Tasks on the GTS Magnetic Fusion Code." Scientific Programming 18, no. 3-4 (2010): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/951739.
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Application codes in a variety of areas are being updated for performance on the latest architectures. In this paper we examine an application, which comes from magnetic fusion for performance acceleration with a particular emphasis on methods that are applicable for many/multicore and future architectural designs. We take an important magnetic fusion particle code that already includes several levels of parallelism including hybrid MPI combined with OpenMP. We study how to include new advanced hybrid models, which extend the applicability of OpenMP tasks and exploit multi-threaded MPI support to overlap communication and computation. Experiments carried out on Cray XT4 and XT5 machines resulting in a speed-up of up to 35% of the investigated GTS particle shifter kernel show the benefits and applicability of this approach.
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Pierzchalski, Michał, Elżbieta Dagny Ryńska, and Arkadiusz Węglarz. "Life Cycle Assessment as a Major Support Tool within Multi-Criteria Design Process of Single Dwellings Located in Poland." Energies 14, no. 13 (June 22, 2021): 3748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133748.
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Life cycle assessment is an environmental method which estimates either a process or a building material within the cradle-to-grave cycle. Presently, it is one of a few tools that include all factors which may influence the environment. The authors used this tool to prove effects connected with potential efficient energy levels and a reduction in CO2 emissions within a building’s life cycle. For the purpose of our analyses, several types of single-family building were chosen and they were subjected to analysis in the fixed location of Warsaw. The research scope included a numerical analysis of the buildings concerning the level of embodied energies and the emission of greenhouse gases. The performed analysis proved that, within a 50-year cycle, the difference between the embodied energy from the best and worst building choices can amount to 14.87%, whereas a reduction in embodied carbon emissions can reach 20.65%. Each change in the building’s form and the type of building materials used, regardless of the usable area, influence the environmental impact. Therefore, this paper concludes that LCA, as a management tool, should be used cyclically as part of each phase of the design process. A multi-criteria method for selecting architectural solutions was proposed which considered minimum cumulative primary energy, minimum cumulative carbon emission and minimum cost of constructing a building.
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Castells-Rufas, David, Eduard Fernandez-Alonso, and Jordi Carrabina. "Performance Analysis Techniques for Multi-Soft-Core and Many-Soft-Core Systems." International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing 2012 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/736347.
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Multi-soft-core systems are a viable and interesting solution for embedded systems that need a particular tradeoff between performance, flexibility and development speed. As the growing capacity allows it, many-soft-cores are also expected to have relevance to future embedded systems. As a consequence, parallel programming methods and tools will be necessarily embraced as a part of the full system development process. Performance analysis is an important part of the development process for parallel applications. It is usually mandatory when you want to get a desired performance or to verify that the system is meeting some real-time constraints. One of the usual techniques used by the HPC community is the postmortem analysis of application traces. However, this is not easily transported to the embedded systems based on FPGA due to the resource limitations of the platforms. We propose several techniques and some hardware architectural support to be able to generate traces on multiprocessor systems based on FPGAs and use them to optimize the performance of the running applications.
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Fraile, Sanchis, Poler, and Ortiz. "Reference Models for Digital Manufacturing Platforms." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20 (October 18, 2019): 4433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9204433.
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This paper presents an integrated reference model for digital manufacturing platforms, based on cutting edge reference models for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems. Digital manufacturing platforms use IIoT systems in combination with other added-value services to support manufacturing processes at different levels (e.g. design, engineering, operations planning, and execution). Digital manufacturing platforms form complex multi-sided ecosystems, involving different stakeholders ranging from supply chain collaborators to Information Technology (IT) providers. This research analyses prominent reference models for IIoT systems to align the definitions they contain and determine to what extent they are complementary and applicable to digital manufacturing platforms. Based on this analysis, the Industrial Internet Integrated Reference Model (I3RM) for digital manufacturing platforms is presented, together with general recommendations that can be applied to the architectural definition of any digital manufacturing platform.
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Elghaish, Faris, and Sepehr Abrishami. "Developing a framework to revolutionise the 4D BIM process: IPD-based solution." Construction Innovation 20, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 401–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-11-2019-0127.
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Purpose The integration of building information modelling (BIM) and integrated project delivery (IPD) is highly recommended for better project delivery. Although there is a methodology for this integration, the BIM requires some improvements to foster the adoption of IPD. The purpose of this paper is to present an innovative way to support 4D BIM automation/optimisation within the IPD approach. Similar to structural and architectural design libraries, this research proposes a planning library to enable automating the formulation of schedule, as well as embedding the multi-objective optimisation into the 4D BIM. Design/methodology/approach The literature review was used to highlight the existing attempts to support the automation process for 4D BIM and the multi-objective schedule optimisation for construction projects. A case study was done to validate the developed framework and measure its applicability. Findings The results show that there is a cost-saving of 22.86 per cent because of using the proposed automated multi-objective optimisation. The case study shows the significance of integrating activity-based costing into 4D BIM to configure the hierarchy level of overhead activities with the IPD approach; therefore, the maximum level of contribution in managing the IPD project is 33.33 per cent by the trade package level and the minimum contribution is around 8.33 per cent by the project level. Originality/value This research presents a new philosophy to develop the 4D BIM model – planning and scheduling – a BIM library of the project activities is developed to enable the automation of the creation of the project schedule with respect to the 3D BIM design sequence. The optimisation of the project duration is considered to be automated within the creation process by using the proposed genetic algorithm model.
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Tekinerdogan, Bedir, and Cor Verdouw. "Systems Architecture Design Pattern Catalog for Developing Digital Twins." Sensors 20, no. 18 (September 7, 2020): 5103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185103.
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A digital twin is a digital replica of a physical entity to which it is remotely connected. A digital twin can provide a rich representation of the corresponding physical entity and enables sophisticated control for various purposes. Although the concept of the digital twin is largely known, designing digital twins based systems has not yet been fully explored. In practice, digital twins can be applied in different ways leading to different architectural designs. To guide the architecture design process, we provide a pattern-oriented approach for architecting digital twin-based systems. To this end, we propose a catalog of digital twin architecture design patterns that can be reused in the broad context of systems engineering. The patterns support the various phases in the systems engineering life cycle process, and are described using a well-defined pattern documentation template. For illustrating the application of digital twin patterns, we adopt a multi-case study approach in the agriculture and food domain.
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Andjelkovic, Katarina. "Logistic architecture as new methodological and theoretical construct." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 15, no. 3 (2017): 439–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace161015034a.
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The primary discussion of spatial organization that includes the analysis of the impact of logistics processes on flexibility, the transformability of spatial solutions and the transparency of space, has not been able to provide the theoretical and methodological interpretation of their spatio-temporal flow. This paper will point out the modalities of ?logistic architecture? production that break the design process tradition, as it turned out as unable to support creativity-based modes of reception of architectural ideas. The introduction of the ?logistic architecture? concept announces a new methodological and theoretical approach to the spatial syntheses of different processes in a building, aimed at achieving optimal spatio-temporal conditioning by the logistics system in relation to the use of creative strategy, as a part of the urban renovation. As my research field, this research observed the comparative flow of produced vehicles from the factory end line to the multi-story parking structures within two factories: Fiat Factory in Kragujevac, Serbia and Volkswagen Transparent Factory in Dresden, Germany.
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Zacher, Hannes, and Kathrin Rosing. "Ambidextrous leadership and team innovation." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 36, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): 54–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-11-2012-0141.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report the first empirical test of the recently proposed ambidexterity theory of leadership for innovation (Rosing et al., 2011). This theory proposes that the interaction between two complementary leadership behaviors – opening and closing – predicts team innovation, such that team innovation is highest when both opening and closing leadership behaviors are high. Design/methodology/approach – Multi-source survey data came from 33 team leaders of architectural and interior design firms and 90 of their employees. Findings – Results supported the interaction hypothesis, even after controlling for leaders’ transformational leadership behavior and general team success. Research limitations/implications – The relatively small sample size and the cross-sectional design are potential limitations of the study. The findings provide initial support for the central hypothesis of the ambidexterity theory of leadership for innovation. Practical implications – The results suggest that organizations could train team leaders’ ambidextrous leadership behaviors to increase team innovation. Social implications – Identifying ways to facilitate organizational innovation is important, as it contributes to employment and company growth as well as individual and societal well-being. Originality/value – This multi-source study contributes to the literatures on leadership and innovation in organizations by showing that ambidextrous leadership behaviors predict team innovation above and beyond transformational leadership behavior.
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Nivethitha, V., and P. M Abhinaya. "Combinatorics based problem specific software architecture formulation using multi-objective genetic algorithm." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.7 (February 5, 2018): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.7.9579.
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In Software Development Process, the design of complex systems is an important phase where software architects have to deal with abstract artefacts, procedures and ideas to discover the most suitable underlying architecture. Due to uncontrolled modifications of the design and frequent change of requirements, many of the working systems do not have a proper architecture. Most of the approaches recover the architectural blocks at the end of the development process which are not appropriate to the system considered. In order to structure these systems software components compositions and interactions should be properly adjusted which is a tedious work. Search-based Software Engineering (SBSE) is an emerging area which can support the decision making process of formulating the software architecture from initial analysis models. Thus component-based architectures is articulated as a multiple optimisation problem using evolutionary algorithms. Totally different metrics is applied looking on the design needs and also the specific domain. Thus during this analysis work, an effort has been created to propose a multi objective evolutionary approach for the invention of the underlying software system architectures beside a versatile encoding structure, correct style metrics for the fitness operate to enhance the standard and accuracy of the software system design.
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Lukomska, Zoriana, Volodymyr Haydar, and Halyna Lukomska. "INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO THE PROCESS OF REVITALIZATION OF IMMOVABLE CULTURAL HERITAGE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE POTOTSKY PALACE COMPLEX IN IVANO-FRANKIVSK)." Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications 16, no. 2022 (2022): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2022.16.022.
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The study reveals the problem of revitalization of immovable cultural heritage in Ukraine, which stems from the absence of state policy to preserve the architectural city-planning heritage supported by the necessary development and financing programs. The role of socialization of cultural heritage in the process of revival of valuable historical complexes that are under threat of destruction is shown, innovative approaches to the revitalization and the first positive results of their implementation are demonstrated. The example of an architectural monument with more than 300 years of history – the Pototsky Palace complex in Ivano-Frankivsk, which was brought to an unsatisfactory technical condition by a private owner in the 2000s, shows the positive impact of alternative directions of this object development. Currently, the complex is cared for by the newly created Municipal Enterprise (ME) “Space of Innovative Creations “Palace”, whose activities are aimed at preserving and revitalizing the historical monument complex. The aim of ME “SIC Palace” – is the simultaneous performance of measures for the preservation, protection, restoration, scientific research of the Complex and the creation on its basis of an interdisciplinary platform for communication between science, art and business. The study demonstrates real-time testing of the “Model of multi-vector development of the monument complex”, which includes four intercomplementary and interrelated directions – scientific-restorational, event-promotional, investment-marketing and the direction of maintenance and support. Such activities are provided through the simultaneous state funding, implementation of commercial projects, organization of multi-investment funds, raising funds from Ukrainian and international grant programs. This innovative approach allows for simultaneous scientific-research and restoration work on the buildings of the monument and the implementation of cultural-artistic, cognitive-educational, socially relevant, representative activities in the complex territory, and communication of artists of different directions that take place during the events in the Palace, promotes its integration into the cultural-artistic sector of the city and its preservation.
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Rodríguez-Gonzálvez, P., A. L. Muñoz-Nieto, S. del Pozo, L. J. Sanchez-Aparicio, D. Gonzalez-Aguilera, L. Micoli, S. Gonizzi Barsanti, et al. "4D RECONSTRUCTION AND VISUALIZATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE: ANALYZING OUR LEGACY THROUGH TIME." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W3 (February 23, 2017): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w3-609-2017.
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Temporal analyses and multi-temporal 3D reconstruction are fundamental for the preservation and maintenance of all forms of Cultural Heritage (CH) and are the basis for decisions related to interventions and promotion. Introducing the fourth dimension of time into three-dimensional geometric modelling of real data allows the creation of a multi-temporal representation of a site. In this way, scholars from various disciplines (surveyors, geologists, archaeologists, architects, philologists, etc.) are provided with a new set of tools and working methods to support the study of the evolution of heritage sites, both to develop hypotheses about the past and to model likely future developments. The capacity to “see” the dynamic evolution of CH assets across different spatial scales (e.g. building, site, city or territory) compressed in diachronic model, affords the possibility to better understand the present status of CH according to its history. However, there are numerous challenges in order to carry out 4D modelling and the requisite multi-data source integration. It is necessary to identify the specifications, needs and requirements of the CH community to understand the required levels of 4D model information. In this way, it is possible to determine the optimum material and technologies to be utilised at different CH scales, as well as the data management and visualization requirements. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive approach for CH time-varying representations, analysis and visualization across different working scales and environments: rural landscape, urban landscape and architectural scales. Within this aim, the different available metric data sources are systemized and evaluated in terms of their suitability.
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De Marco, R., and A. Pettineo. "THE RECOGNITION OF HERITAGE QUALITIES FROM FEATURE-BASED DIGITAL PROCEDURES IN THE ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL URBAN CONTEXTS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-2/W1-2022 (February 25, 2022): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-2-w1-2022-175-2022.
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Abstract. The documentation of historical architectural heritage in urban contexts involves the consideration of planning adaptations of settlements and landscape, related to the identification of formal and semantic qualities. In particular, the identification of cultural significance of Heritage building units can find correspondence in geometrical features that are documented within the urban asset. In this way, urban monitoring, in an increasingly automated way, can support the identification and characterization of semantic elements also regarding Heritage objects, observing the invariance and conservation of formal constants in urban dynamic assets.Considering the experimental case study of Solikamsk historical center, belonging to Upper Kama route (Russia), a multi-instrumental strategy of spatial survey is applied, evaluating data coverages and resolutions. This analysis defines a preliminary framework to develop further processes of 3D triangulation and reality-based meshing. The morpho-metric detail of final models constitutes the basis for the computing test of feature-based procedures, including regions recognition and mesh segmentation, which can be calibrated for shape qualities and scales, reaching a preliminary modeling classification of Heritage and urban building units.
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Simmonds, Jose, Juan A. Gómez, and Agapito Ledezma. "The role of agent-based modeling and multi-agent systems in flood-based hydrological problems: a brief review." Journal of Water and Climate Change 11, no. 4 (October 25, 2019): 1580–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2019.108.
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Abstract Flood problems are complex phenomena with a direct relationship with the hydrological cycle; these are natural processes occurring in water systems, that interact at different spatial and temporal scales. In modeling the hydrological phenomena, traditional approaches, like physics-based mathematical equations and data-driven modeling (DDM) are used. Advances in hydroinformatics are helping to understand these physical processes, with improvements in the collection and analysis of hydrological data, information and communication technologies (ICT), and geographic information systems (GIS), offering opportunities for innovations in model implementation, to improve decision support for the response to societally important floods impacting our societies. This paper offers a brief review of agent-based models (ABMs) and multi-agent systems (MASs) methodologies' applications for solutions to flood problems, their management, assessment, and efforts for forecasting stream flow and flood events. Significant observations from this review include: (i) contributions of agent technologies, as a growing methodology in hydrology; (ii) limitations; (iii) capabilities of dealing with distributed and complex domains; and (iv), the capabilities of MAS as an increasingly accepted point of view applied to flood modeling, with examples presented to show the variety of system combinations that are practical on a specialized architectural level for developing and deploying sophisticated flood forecasting systems.
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Arzo, Sisay Tadesse, Zeinab Akhavan, Mona Esmaeili, Michael Devetsikiotis, and Fabrizio Granelli. "Multi-Agent-Based Traffic Prediction and Traffic Classification for Autonomic Network Management Systems for Future Networks." Future Internet 14, no. 8 (July 28, 2022): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14080230.
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Recently, a multi-agent based network automation architecture has been proposed. The architecture is named multi-agent based network automation of the network management system (MANA-NMS). The architectural framework introduced atomized network functions (ANFs). ANFs should be autonomous, atomic, and intelligent agents. Such agents should be implemented as an independent decision element, using machine/deep learning (ML/DL) as an internal cognitive and reasoning part. Using these atomic and intelligent agents as a building block, a MANA-NMS can be composed using the appropriate functions. As a continuation toward implementation of the architecture MANA-NMS, this paper presents a network traffic prediction agent (NTPA) and a network traffic classification agent (NTCA) for a network traffic management system. First, an NTPA is designed and implemented using DL algorithms, i.e., long short-term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU), multilayer perceptrons (MLPs), and convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms as a reasoning and cognitive part of the agent. Similarly, an NTCA is designed using decision tree (DT), K-nearest neighbors (K-NN), support vector machine (SVM), and naive Bayes (NB) as a cognitive component in the agent design. We then measure the NTPA prediction accuracy, training latency, prediction latency, and computational resource consumption. The results indicate that the LSTM-based NTPA outperforms compared to GRU, MLP, and CNN-based NTPA in terms of prediction accuracy, and prediction latency. We also evaluate the accuracy of the classifier, training latency, classification latency, and computational resource consumption of NTCA using the ML models. The performance evaluation shows that the DT-based NTCA performs the best.
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Koukaras, Paraskevas, Paschalis Gkaidatzis, Napoleon Bezas, Tommaso Bragatto, Federico Carere, Francesca Santori, Marcel Antal, Dimosthenis Ioannidis, Christos Tjortjis, and Dimitrios Tzovaras. "A Tri-Layer Optimization Framework for Day-Ahead Energy Scheduling Based on Cost and Discomfort Minimization." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 17, 2021): 3599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123599.
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Over the past few decades, industry and academia have made great strides to improve aspects related with optimal energy management. These include better ways for efficient energy asset management, generating great opportunities for optimization of energy distribution, discomfort minimization, energy production, cost reduction and more. This paper proposes a framework for a multi-objective analysis, acting as a novel tool that offers responses for optimal energy management through a decision support system. The novelty is in the structure of the methodology, since it considers two distinct optimization problems for two actors, consumers and aggregators, with solution being able to completely or partly interact with the other one is in the form of a demand response signal exchange. The overall optimization is formulated by a bi-objective optimization problem for the consumer side, aiming at cost minimization and discomfort reduction, and a single objective optimization problem for the aggregator side aiming at cost minimization. The framework consists of three architectural layers, namely, the consumer, aggregator and decision support system (DSS), forming a tri-layer optimization framework with multiple interacting objects, such as objective functions, variables, constants and constraints. The DSS layer is responsible for decision support by forecasting the day-ahead energy management requirements. The main purpose of this study is to achieve optimal management of energy resources, considering both aggregator and consumer preferences and goals, whilst abiding with real-world system constraints. This is conducted through detailed simulations using real data from a pilot, that is part of Terni Distribution System portfolio.
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Gotlib, Dariusz, Michał Wyszomirski, and Miłosz Gnat. "A Simplified Method of Cartographic Visualisation of Buildings’ Interiors (2D+) for Navigation Applications." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9060407.
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This article proposes an original method of a coherent and simplified cartographic presentation of the interior of buildings called 2D+, which can be used in geoinformation applications that do not support an extensive three-dimensional visualisation or do not have access to a 3D model of the building. A simplified way of cartographic visualisation can be used primarily in indoor navigation systems and other location-based services (LBS) applications. It can also be useful in systems supporting facility management (FM) and various kinds of geographic information systems (GIS). On the one hand, it may increase an application’s efficiency; on the other, it may unify the method of visualisation in the absence of a building’s 3D model. Thanks to the proposed method, it is possible to achieve the same effect regardless of the data source used: Building Information Modelling (BIM), a Computer-aided Design (CAD) model, or traditional architectural and construction drawings. Such a solution may be part of a broader concept of a multi-scale presentation of buildings’ interiors. The article discusses the issues of visualising data and converting data to the appropriate coordinate system, as well as the properties of the application model of data.
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Cillis, Giuseppe, Dina Statuto, and Pietro Picuno. "INTEGRATING REMOTE-SENSED AND HISTORICAL GEODATA TO ASSESS INTERACTIONS BETWEEN RURAL BUILDINGS AND AGROFORESTRY LAND." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 29, no. 3 (July 2, 2021): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2021.15080.
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The rural built heritage constitutes a unique example, due to architectural and technical issues, which plays a central role in the formation of rural landscape. In this research, interactions between rural buildings and the surrounding land have been examined. Two case studies exemplifying some of typical dynamics of some internal mountain areas of Mediterranean region have been considered. These areas are located in Basilicata Region (Southern Italy) and suffer from land and rural buildings heritage abandonment, as well as from the concurrent disappearance of agroforestry systems with high ecological value. A multi-chronological geo-database incorporating different land cover datasets over a period of 62 years (1955–1988–2008–2017) has been implemented into a GIS to assess relationships between some rural buildings and the surrounding land have been then assessed. This has been achieved by integrating different types of remote-sensed geodata: historical aerial photos, digital orthophotos and satellite images. The analyses carried out have shown that the intensity of land abandonment can also be related to the type of rural building and prevalent agricultural activity. Moreover, thanks to this methodology, it has been possible to produce several spatial information useful to support public decisionmakers at different level.
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Nguyen, Mai Thi, Daniela Solueva, Evgenia Spyridonos, and Hanaa Dahy. "Mycomerge: Fabrication of Mycelium-Based Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites on a Rattan Framework." Biomimetics 7, no. 2 (April 8, 2022): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7020042.
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There is an essential need for a change in the way we build our physical environment. To prevent our ecosystems from collapsing, raising awareness of already available bio-based materials is vital. Mycelium, a living fungal organism, has the potential to replace conventional materials, having the ability to act as a binding agent of various natural fibers, such as hemp, flax, or other agricultural waste products. This study aims to showcase mycelium’s load-bearing capacities when reinforced with bio-based materials and specifically natural fibers, in an alternative merging design approach. Counteracting the usual fabrication techniques, the proposed design method aims to guide mycelium’s growth on a natural rattan framework that serves as a supportive structure for the mycelium substrate and its fiber reinforcement. The rattan skeleton is integrated into the finished composite product, where both components merge, forming a fully biodegradable unit. Using digital form-finding tools, the geometry of a compressive structure is computed. The occurring multi-layer biobased component can support a load beyond 20 times its own weight. An initial physical prototype in furniture scale is realized. Further applications in architectural scale are studied and proposed.
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Srdjevic, Bojan, Zorica Srdjevic, Keith M. Reynolds, Milena Lakicevic, and Senka Zdero. "Using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Best–Worst Method in Group Evaluation of Urban Park Quality." Forests 13, no. 2 (February 11, 2022): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13020290.
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The paper compares two multi-criteria methods, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the best–worst method (BWM), in assessing criteria related to the quality of urban parks. The criteria assessed were accessibility, location, biodiversity preservation, park equipment, water elements, terrain configuration, cultural and historical value, and the presence of small architectural objects. Five decision-makers participated in the research, having expertise in urban greenery, urban forestry, environmental protection, landscape design, and cultural and historical heritage. The results of decision-makers’ evaluations were compared at individual and group levels after the application of three aggregation procedures: CRITIC, ENTROPY, and WGGM (weighted geometric mean method). Similarities in results, i.e., priorities of analyzed criteria after applying the two different decision support methods, indicated high consistency between experts during the cognitive evaluation processes. All applied aggregation schemes performed well and may be considered trustworthy in identifying the group solution. One of the conclusions is that either the AHP or the BWM can be efficiently used in evaluations of criteria for assessing the quality of urban parks if the members of a group are consistent, regardless of whether the consensus process is properly carried out before the decision-making process.
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Patrucco, Giacomo, Antonio Gómez, Ali Adineh, Max Rahrig, and José Luis Lerma. "3D Data Fusion for Historical Analyses of Heritage Buildings Using Thermal Images: The Palacio de Colomina as a Case Study." Remote Sensing 14, no. 22 (November 11, 2022): 5699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14225699.
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In the framework of built heritage monitoring techniques, a prominent position is occupied by thermography, which represents an efficient and non-invasive solution for these kinds of investigations, allowing the identification of phenomena detectable only in the non-visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum. This is of extreme interest, especially considering the possibility of integrating the radiometric information with the 3D models achievable from laser scanning or photogrammetric techniques, characterised by a high spatial resolution. This paper aims to illustrate how combining different geomatics techniques (in particular, by merging thermal images, laser scanning point clouds, and traditional visible colour photogrammetric data) can efficiently support historical analyses for studying heritage buildings. Additionally, a strategy for generating HBIM models starting from the integration of 3D thermal investigations and historical sources is proposed, concerning both the multi-temporal modification of the volumes of the building and the individual architectural elements. The case study analysed for the current research was the Palacio de Colomina in Valencia, Spain, a noble palace—now the headquarters of a university—that, during the last few centuries, has been subjected to considerable transformations in terms of rehabilitation works and modification of its volume.
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Reinhardt, Dagmar, Ninotschka Titchkosky, Chris Bickerton, Rodney Watt, Dylan Wozniak-O’Connor, Christhina Candido, Densil Cabrera, Mitchell Page, and Sascha Bohnenberger. "Towards onsite, modular robotic carbon-fibre winding for an integrated ceiling structure." Construction Robotics 3, no. 1-4 (September 12, 2019): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41693-019-00019-3.
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Abstract Among current adoptions of standard industrial robotic arms for automation and mass customisation in the building industry, robotic fabrication is of interest for bespoke manufacturing and advancing mobile and onsite construction processes. The use of robotic arms can be of significance particularly where access and site conditions limit further construction of building elements to be inserted in an existing architectural fabric. This paper introduces research and development of robotic carbon-fibre winding of an integrated ceiling structure to support open and flexible workspaces scenarios. The project Systems Reef 1.0 explores the potential and viability for an integrated infrastructure that expands standard office-ceiling grid systems to support flexible workspace scenario and the agency of networked, dynamic and self-organising teams. To this extent, multiple soffit-hung, rotational and retractable data booms provide fibre-optic data, electrical cabling and integrated lighting. Through geometrically complex, fibre-reinforced building elements that are robotically manufactured onsite, a new distribution system for data and light can be provided to support individual and multi-group collaborations in a contemporary open-plan office for maximum flexibility. In this paper, we discuss research into the development of robotic carbon-fibre threading sequences and physical demonstrators for an integrated ceiling structure that takes into account local ceiling constraints. Using a KUKA KR10 industrial robot and mobile platform, carbon-fibre threading prototypes were integrated with onsite conditions and synthesised in four physical demonstrators that support data provision for flexible desking in open-plan office environment where prefabrication of large-sized building modules is restricted due to access constraints. The paper discusses challenges in integrating robotic carbon-fibre threading, data-driven occupancy, structural performance and results for workspace flexibility, and concludes with an outlook towards future potentials.
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Jindan, C., Z. Junsong, and Z. Jiujun. "Promoting the Effect of the Qing Dynasty Imperial Garden Architectural Component Library on the Digitalization of Cultural Heritage." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-5/W3 (August 11, 2015): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-5-w3-131-2015.
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With the development of computer technology and practical verification, digital virtual technology has matured and is increasingly being widely applied to cultural heritage protection and research. With this advancement in technology, there is pressing need to simplify heritage-related puzzles. Thus the main question that has increasingly become the most central and fundamental problem in heritage digitalization work is how to choose the “proper technology” that provides support directly, accurately and rapidly for the research, protection and exchange of cultural heritage. Based on the principles of “authenticity” and “completeness” found in the <i>Venice Charter</i> in regards to dealing with cultural heritage; this paper proposes the concept of the component library which facilitates the improvement and efficiency of virtual reconstruction, provides a visual discussion platform for cultural heritage protection, virtual scene construction, accuracy assessment, and multi-space-time exhibition; thereby implementing the spirit of tolerance and respect found in the <i>Nara Document on Authenticity</i>. The paper further aims to illustrate the significance of the Qing dynasty imperial garden architectural component library for cultural heritage study and protection, the principles for virtual library construction, use and maintenance of the library, and classification approaches, and also provide some suggestions about making high quality 3D models and effective means for database integration.