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Komsiyah, Siti. "Aplikasi Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) pada Pemilihan Software Manajemen Proyek." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 870. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v5i2.2292.
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The problem with many alternative decisions in the areas of management and administration commonly referred to as multi-attribute decision problems. For example, the decision problem with many variables so that the target decision can not always be determined easily. Well-known method of approach, to overcome this kind of problem is called the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). AHP technique is given by arranging alternative levels of decision, so as to provide a structured quantitative description. Application of multi-attribute types ofproblems such as problems in the selection of software, car, project proposal, the university, the best employees, and so forth. In this paper, the approach developed using the AHP in software selection project management.
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Park, Seok-Hwan, Osvaldo Simeone, and Shlomo Shamai (Shitz). "Robust Baseband Compression Against Congestion in Packet-Based Fronthaul Networks Using Multiple Description Coding." Entropy 21, no. 4 (April 24, 2019): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21040433.
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In modern implementations of Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN), the fronthaul transport network will often be packet-based and it will have a multi-hop architecture built with general-purpose switches using network function virtualization (NFV) and software-defined networking (SDN). This paper studies the joint design of uplink radio and fronthaul transmission strategies for a C-RAN with a packet-based fronthaul network. To make an efficient use of multiple routes that carry fronthaul packets from remote radio heads (RRHs) to cloud, as an alternative to more conventional packet-based multi-route reception or coding, a multiple description coding (MDC) strategy is introduced that operates directly at the level of baseband signals. MDC ensures an improved quality of the signal received at the cloud in conditions of low network congestion, i.e., when more fronthaul packets are received within a tolerated deadline. The advantages of the proposed MDC approach as compared to the traditional path diversity scheme are validated via extensive numerical results.
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Muhammad Habib and Noor ul Qamar. "Multimodal Interaction Recognition Mechanism by Using Midas Featured By Data-Level and Decision-Level Fusion." Lahore Garrison University Research Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/lgurjcsit.2017.010227.
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Natural User Interfaces (NUI's) dealing with gestures is an alternative of traditional input devices on multi-touch panels. Rate of growth in the Sensor technology has increased the use of multiple sensors to deal with various monitoring and compatibility issues of machines. Research on data-level fusion models requires more focus on the fusion of multiple degradation-based sensor data. Midas, a novel declarative language to express multimodal interaction patterns has come up with the idea of developers required patterns description by employing multi-model interaction mechanism. The language as a base interface deals with minimum complexity issues like controlling inversion and intermediary states by means of data fusion, data processing and data selection provisioning high-level programming abstractions.
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Tang, Shouping, and Jack Kelly. "An Alternative Description of Multi-Dimensional Optics in Liquid Crystals and Uniaxial Media Solved by Operators and Sparse Linear Systems." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 478, no. 1 (December 14, 2007): 175/[931]—199/[955]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421400701686835.
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Gürbüz, Burcu, and Gerhard-Wilhelm Weber. "An Introduction to the Special Issue on Numerical Techniques Meet with OR - Part II." Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences 46, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fcds-2021-0013.
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Abstract The special issue: “Numerical Techniques Meet with OR” of the Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences consists of two parts which are of the main theme of numerical techniques and their applications in multi-disciplinary areas. The first part of this special issue was already collected in the FCDS Vol. 46, issue 1. In this second part of our special issue editorial, a description of the special issue presents numerical methods which can be used as alternative techniques for Scientific Computing and led Operational Research applications in many fields for further investigation.
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Алиева, P. Alieva, Эфендиева, and G. Efendieva. "Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of the cream "acrustal" аnd the ointments "kartalin" in the treatment of psoriasis." Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal 8, no. 1 (November 5, 2014): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7233.
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. Psoriasis is the skin disease having multi-factorial origin. One of the conditions for successful treatment is the use of traditional medicines in combination with external therapy. Alternative local treatment is the use of the therapeutic and prophylactic cream "Acrustal". The authors give a description of the clinical manifestations of psoriasis in 24 patients on a background of application of the cream "Acrustal" and the ointments "Kartalin". Therapy of psoriasis by means of the "Acrustal" contributes to the rapid achievement of the expressed clinical effect.
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de Nardis, Fabio, and Alteri Luca. "Governance multilivello e partecipazione politica: una introduzione." PARTECIPAZIONE E CONFLITTO, no. 2 (March 2009): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/paco2009-002001.
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- The introduction draws a picture of the link between multi-level governance and transnational social movement. The Authors moves from the description of governance polity as a system of political opportunities to social mobilization, then they describe both local and global dimensions, regarding as a field of conflict and legitimacy. The fourth paragraph develops a comparative analysis on two alternative Europe, the one from above (the institutional building suffering a democratic deficit), the latter from below (the process of collective learning built up by Social Forums). In the end, the last paragraph describes the guidelines of the whole Issue. Keywords: Multilevel Governance; Social Movements; Europe; Globalization; Public Sphere
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Nunn, Hilary. "Information management in practice. Case study 2." Journal of Information Science 12, no. 6 (October 1986): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016555158601200609.
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A description of Chem Systems as a chemical engineering consultancy and its general information requirements is given. The background to the purchase of INMAGIC software and its initial applications is then provided. Alternative uses of this software have been made and a number of non-typical infor mation databases have been created. These include a file detailing multi-client titles and their purchasers, a file contain ing the names and addresses of contacts (glorified mailing list) and files containing CV type information for existing staff and external consultants. Some indication is made of uses to which these files have been put. Finally, some comments regarding how an information scientist became involved in organizing these files are presented.
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FRANCO, PATRICK, JEAN-MARC OGIER, PIERRE LOONIS, and RÉMY MULLOT. "A NEW MINIMUM SPANNING TREE-BASED METHOD FOR SHAPE DESCRIPTION AND MATCHING WORKING IN DISCRETE COSINE SPACE." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 23, no. 08 (December 2009): 1657–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001409007703.
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In this article, a new minimum spanning tree-based method for shape description and matching is proposed. Its properties are checked through the problem of graphical symbols recognition. Recognition invariance in front shift and multi-oriented noisy objects was studied in the context of small and low resolution binary images. The approach seems to have many desirable properties, even if the construction of graphs induces an expensive algorithmic cost. In order to reduce time computing, an alternative solution based on image compression concepts is provided. The recognition is realized in a compact space, namely the Discrete Cosine space. The use of block discrete cosine transform is discussed and justified. The experimental results led on the GREC2003 database show that the proposed method is characterized by a good discrimination power, a real robustness to noise, with an acceptable time computing. The position with a reference approach like Zernike moments is also investigated to measure the relevance of the proposed technique.
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Jordão, Marina, Diogo Pires, Daniel Belo, Pedro Pinho, and Nuno Borges Carvalho. "3D Antenna Characterization for WPT Applications." Sensors 21, no. 13 (June 29, 2021): 4461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134461.
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The main goal of this paper is to present a three-dimensional (3D) antenna array to improve the performance of wireless power transmission (WPT) systems, as well as its characterization with over-the-air (OTA) multi-sine techniques. The 3D antenna consists of 15 antenna elements attached to an alternative 3D structure, allowing energy to be transmitted to all azimuth directions at different elevation angles without moving. The OTA multi-sine characterization technique was first utilized to identify issues in antenna arrays. However, in this work, the technique is used to identify which elements of the 3D antenna should operate to transmit the energy in a specific direction. Besides, the 3D antenna design description and its characterization are performed to authenticate its operation. Since 3D antennas are an advantage in WPT applications, the antenna is evaluated in a real WPT scenario to power an RF–DC converter, and experimental results are presented.
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Piasecki, Maciej. "Self-organising Logic of Structures as a Basis for a Dependency-based Dynamic Semantics Model." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 13 (June 21, 2015): 25–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2013.002.
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Self-organising Logic of Structures as a Basis for a Dependency-based Dynamic Semantics ModelWe present Self-organising Logic of Structures (SLS), a semantic representation language of high expressive power, which was designed for a fully compositional representation of discourse anaphora following the Dynamic Semantics paradigm. The application of SLS to the description of possible meanings of Polish multiple quantifier sentences is discussed. Special attention is paid to the phenomena of: cardinality dependency/independency of Noun Phrase quantifiers and variety of quantification. Semantic representation based on several formal operators is proposed. They can be combined in many different ways, if one takes a purely theoretical perspective. However, in the paper we show that this huge number is practically reduced in the language use and is governed by several constraints motivated by the analysis of Polish language data. The Hypothesis of Local Range of Cardinality Dependency is formulated as an alternative to representations based on quantifier rising technique. SLS provides a multi-layered language description of inter-linked representation of sever antification, reference, presupposition and anaphora.
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Svaluto Moreolo, Michela, Josep M. Fàbrega, and Laia Nadal. "Sliceable BVT Evolution Towards Programmable Multi-Tb/s Networking." Electronics 8, no. 12 (December 4, 2019): 1476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121476.
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The sliceable bandwidth variable transceiver (S-BVT) is a key element in addressing the challenges and evolution of optical networks, and supporting the ever-increasing traffic volume, speed, and dynamicity driven by novel and broadband services and applications. Multiple designs and configurations are possible and are evolving towards supporting multi-Tb/s networking, thanks to the adoption of advanced and more mature photonic technologies. In this work, we review and analyze alternative S-BVT design architecture options that target different network segments and applications. We specifically focus on S-BVTs based on multicarrier modulation (MCM), which provide a wide range of granularity and more flexible spectral manipulation. A detailed description of the main elements in an S-BVT and their characteristics is provided in order to give design guidelines. The performance in a real testbed network is also reported, comparing a set of S-BVT configurations that adopt different technologies. Finally, an extensive discussion of the described architecture, functionalities, and results, including programmability aspects, is provided in view of S-BVT evolution towards future optical network requirements and needs.
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Garcia-Brand, Andres J., Valentina Quezada, Cristina Gonzalez-Melo, Angie D. Bolaños-Barbosa, Juan C. Cruz, and Luis H. Reyes. "Novel Developments on Stimuli-Responsive Probiotic Encapsulates: From Smart Hydrogels to Nanostructured Platforms." Fermentation 8, no. 3 (March 8, 2022): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8030117.
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Biomaterials engineering and biotechnology have advanced significantly towards probiotic encapsulation with encouraging results in assuring sufficient bioactivity. However, some major challenges remain to be addressed, and these include maintaining stability in different compartments of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), favoring adhesion only at the site of action, and increasing residence times. An alternative to addressing such challenges is to manufacture encapsulates with stimuli-responsive polymers, such that controlled release is achievable by incorporating moieties that respond to chemical and physical stimuli present along the GIT. This review highlights, therefore, such emerging delivery matrices going from a comprehensive description of addressable stimuli in each GIT compartment to novel synthesis and functionalization techniques to currently employed materials used for probiotic’s encapsulation and achieving multi-modal delivery and multi-stimuli responses. Next, we explored the routes for encapsulates design to enhance their performance in terms of degradation kinetics, adsorption, and mucus and gut microbiome interactions. Finally, we present the clinical perspectives of implementing novel probiotics and the challenges to assure scalability and cost-effectiveness, prerequisites for an eventual niche market penetration.
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Park, Taejoon, Fadi Abu-Farha, and Farhang Pourboghrat. "An Evolutionary Yield Function Model Based on Plastic Work and Non-Associated Flow Rule." Metals 9, no. 5 (May 25, 2019): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9050611.
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A constitutive law was developed based on the evolutionary yield function to account for the evolution of anisotropy induced by the plastic deformation. For the effective description of anisotropy, the yield stress function and plastic potential were separately defined based on the non-associated flow rule. In particular, for the description of the equivalent status, the accumulated plastic work was employed as an alternative to the accumulated plastic strain. Numerical formulations based on the plastic work were also derived in case the hardening rule, as well as the evolution of the plastic potential and yield stress function, were defined in terms of the plastic work. The developed constitutive law was characterized using the mechanical properties of the multi-phase BAO QP980 steel and niobium sheets at room temperature. From the uniaxial tension tests and the balanced biaxial tension test, separate sets of anisotropic coefficients for each of the plastic potential and yield stress functions were obtained as a function of the plastic work. By comparing with non-evolving yield functions, the importance of the developed constitutive law to properly describe the evolution of the plastic potential and yield function were validated.
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Favaro, Federico, Ernesto Dufrechou, Pablo Ezzatti, and Juan Pablo Oliver. "Energy-efficient algebra kernels in FPGA for High Performance Computing." Journal of Computer Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (October 21, 2021): e09. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/16666038.21.e09.
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The dissemination of multi-core architectures and the later irruption of massively parallel devices, led to a revolution in High-Performance Computing (HPC) platforms in the last decades. As a result, Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are re-emerging as a versatile and more energy-efficient alternative to other platforms. Traditional FPGA design implies using low-level Hardware Description Languages (HDL) such as VHDL or Verilog, which follow an entirely different programming model than standard software languages, and their use requires specialized knowledge of the underlying hardware. In the last years, manufacturers started to make big efforts to provide High-Level Synthesis (HLS) tools, in order to allow a grater adoption of FPGAs in the HPC community.Our work studies the use of multi-core hardware and different FPGAs to address Numerical Linear Algebra (NLA) kernels such as the general matrix multiplication GEMM and the sparse matrix-vector multiplication SpMV. Specifically, we compare the behavior of fine-tuned kernels in a multi-core CPU processor and HLS implementations on FPGAs. We perform the experimental evaluation of our implementations on a low-end and a cutting-edge FPGA platform, in terms of runtime and energy consumption, and compare the results against the Intel MKL library in CPU.
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Chudnovets, A. Yu, and A. S. Plisova. "Applying the savings and credit scheme to finance projects for comprehensive multi-storey development." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 19, no. 3 (March 30, 2020): 508–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.19.3.508.
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Subject. We consider the efficiency of comprehensive multi-storey development as an investment project and the main criteria for attracting borrowed funds through bond issue; analyze special features of the two-tier financing scheme for multi-storey development with a detailed calculation of values. Objectives. The study aims to design a universal financing scheme with the possibility to modify parameters for specific investment projects in the construction sector for practical application by construction companies. We focus on developing an effective alternative to escrow accounts enabling better distribution of financial burden on the company over the entire life of investment project. It should ultimately prevent the increase in the price per square meter of residential and non-residential premises and the longer construction period. Methods. We employ methods of analysis, synthesis and modeling of savings and credit scheme of financing. Results. To simplify understanding the application of the bond loan by developers, we prepared a specific investment project for the existing construction company with a step-by-step calculation of the savings and credit financing scheme. Conclusions. Earlier, the bond loan as a borrowing tool has not been detailed and formulated as a clear mechanism for funding company's activities. We offer our own description of the application of savings and credit scheme to finance projects for comprehensive multi-storey development with step-by-step calculations.
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Hyman, J. D., J. Jiménez-Martínez, H. S. Viswanathan, J. W. Carey, M. L. Porter, E. Rougier, S. Karra, et al. "Understanding hydraulic fracturing: a multi-scale problem." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2078 (October 13, 2016): 20150426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0426.
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Despite the impact that hydraulic fracturing has had on the energy sector, the physical mechanisms that control its efficiency and environmental impacts remain poorly understood in part because the length scales involved range from nanometres to kilometres. We characterize flow and transport in shale formations across and between these scales using integrated computational, theoretical and experimental efforts/methods. At the field scale, we use discrete fracture network modelling to simulate production of a hydraulically fractured well from a fracture network that is based on the site characterization of a shale gas reservoir. At the core scale, we use triaxial fracture experiments and a finite-discrete element model to study dynamic fracture/crack propagation in low permeability shale. We use lattice Boltzmann pore-scale simulations and microfluidic experiments in both synthetic and shale rock micromodels to study pore-scale flow and transport phenomena, including multi-phase flow and fluids mixing. A mechanistic description and integration of these multiple scales is required for accurate predictions of production and the eventual optimization of hydrocarbon extraction from unconventional reservoirs. Finally, we discuss the potential of CO 2 as an alternative working fluid, both in fracturing and re-stimulating activities, beyond its environmental advantages. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Energy and the subsurface’.
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KURTCEPHE, MURAT, and H. ALTAY GÜVENIR. "A DISCRETIZATION METHOD BASED ON MAXIMIZING THE AREA UNDER RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC CURVE." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 27, no. 01 (February 2013): 1350002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021800141350002x.
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Many machine learning algorithms require the features to be categorical. Hence, they require all numeric-valued data to be discretized into intervals. In this paper, we present a new discretization method based on the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) Curve (AUC) measure. Maximum area under ROC curve-based discretization (MAD) is a global, static and supervised discretization method. MAD uses the sorted order of the continuous values of a feature and discretizes the feature in such a way that the AUC based on that feature is to be maximized. The proposed method is compared with alternative discretization methods such as ChiMerge, Entropy-Minimum Description Length Principle (MDLP), Fixed Frequency Discretization (FFD), and Proportional Discretization (PD). FFD and PD have been recently proposed and are designed for Naïve Bayes learning. ChiMerge is a merging discretization method as the MAD method. Evaluations are performed in terms of M-Measure, an AUC-based metric for multi-class classification, and accuracy values obtained from Naïve Bayes and Aggregating One-Dependence Estimators (AODE) algorithms by using real-world datasets. Empirical results show that MAD is a strong candidate to be a good alternative to other discretization methods.
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Pika, Philip, Dominik Hülse, and Sandra Arndt. "OMEN-SED(-RCM) (v1.1): a pseudo-reactive continuum representation of organic matter degradation dynamics for OMEN-SED." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 11 (November 25, 2021): 7155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7155-2021.
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Abstract. The Organic Matter ENabled SEDiment model (OMEN-SED) is a one-dimensional, analytical reaction–transport model for early diagenesis in marine sediments. It explicitly resolves organic matter (OM) degradation and associated biogeochemical terminal electron acceptor, reduced species and nutrient dynamics in porous media under steady-state conditions. OMEN-SED has been specifically designed for coupling to global Earth system models and the analytical solution of the coupled set of mass conservation equations ensures the computational efficiency required for such a coupling. To find an analytical solution, OMEN-SED expresses all explicitly resolved biogeochemical processes as a function of OM degradation. The original version of OMEN-SED contains a relatively simple description of OM degradation based on two reactive OM classes, a so-called 2G model. However, such a simplified approach does not fully account for the widely observed continuous decrease in organic matter reactivity with burial depth/time. The reactive continuum model that accounts for the continuous distribution of organic compounds over the reactive spectrum represents an alternative and more realistic description but cannot be easily incorporated within the general OMEN-SED framework. Here, we extend the diagenetic framework of OMEN-SED with a multi-G approximation of the reactive continuum model (RCM) of organic matter degradation by using a finite but large number of OM fractions, each characterized by a distinct reactivity. The RCM and its multi-G approximation are fully constrained by only two free parameters, a and ν, that control the initial distribution of OM compounds over the reactivity spectrum. The new model is not only able to reproduce observed pore water profiles, sediment–water interface fluxes and redox zonation across a wide range of depositional environments but also provides a more realistic description of anaerobic degradation pathways. The added functionality extends the applicability of OMEN-SED to a broader range of environments and timescales, while requiring fewer parameters to simulate a wider spectrum of OM reactivities.
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Dumler, Elena, Roza Vakhitova, Diana Saracheva, and Tatyana Makarova. "Methods of Mathematical Modeling of Automated Machine Systems of Multi-Nomenclature Production." EPJ Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 04022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124804022.
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Automated machine tool systems for multi-product manufacturing were designed for processing parts of a certain nomenclature, which includes separate groups of parts, united by the design, technological, organizational and economic properties. To reduce the number of options in the structure of an automated machine tool system, a target nonlinear design function was applied. Technological conditions were formulated in such a way as to allow synthesizing alternative structures of the designed automated system. At this stage, a matrix of relations was built and a formalized description of technological conditions was given. Specific and generalized technological conditions, which take into account the graph of relations and compatibility condition formulated for any pair of elements, were considered. The article discusses the generalized technological conditions obtained on the basis of the synthesis of compatibility and follow-up properties. The existence of generalized technological conditions for the elements of the automated system of the same name was assessed. The interaction of the elements of an automated system during processing, when the condition of the following and compatibility of technological parameters are met, was studied. By analyzing the functional and technological structure of an automated machine tool system for multi-product manufacturing, the key relationships between its main elements were determined, and the technological environment, a key subject of the system research, was identified.
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Nicolis, N. G. "Sequential binary decay of highly excited 40Ar*." HNPS Proceedings 14 (December 5, 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.2248.
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The sequential statistical binary decay of the highly excited compound nucleus 40Ar* is described with an extended evaporation formalism implemented in a Monte-Carlo multi-step statistical model code. Asymmetric mass splittings involving nucleon emission up to symmetric binary ones are treated within the evaporation formalism, in a unified manner. Emission of heavy fragments in their ground and excited (particle-bound or unbound) states is considered. The evolution of the final mass distributions from 40Ar* is studied as a function of the initial excitation energy, in the range from 45 up to 405 MeV. The population of final states originating from the decay of intermediate mass fragments in particle-bound and particle-unbound states (side-feeding) is discussed. Results are compared with an alternative description in which the time-dependent decay process is described by rate equations for the generation of different fragment species.
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Nemykin, O. I. "ALGORITHM FOR SELECTION OF LAUNCH ELEMENTS IN THE PRESENCE OF A PRIORI INFORMATION ABOUT ITS COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE." Issues of radio electronics, no. 3 (March 20, 2018): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2018-3-114-119.
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Traditional methods of the theory of statistical solutions are developed for cases of making single-valued two-alternative or multialternative solutions about the class of an object. Assuming the possibility of ambiguous multi-alternative (in the case of solving the problem of selection of space objects of three-alternative) decisions on the classification of of space objects at the stages of the selection process, a modification of the traditional statistical decision making algorithm is required. Such a modification of the algorithm can be carried out by appropriate selection of the loss function. In the framework of the Bayes approach, an additive loss function is proposed, the structure of which takes into account a priori information on the structure and composition of launch elements in relation to the classes «Launch vehicle» and «spacecraft». The algorithm of decision making is synthesized under the conditions of a priori certainty regarding the probabilistic description of the analyzed situation. It is shown that the problem of verifying three-alternative hypotheses can be reduced to an independent verification of three two-alternative hypotheses, which makes it possible to take particular solutions in the solution process and use a different set of the signs of selection for the formation of solutions for individual classes of space objects. The peculiarities of the implementation of the selection algorithm are discussed in the presence of a priori information and measurement information on starts of a limited volume. The synthesized Bayesian decision making algorithm has the properties necessary to solve the problem of selection of space objects at launch in real conditions in the presence of measuring information specified in the form of a training sample. Its architecture allows to form unambiguous and ambiguous decisions about each space object in the launch.
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Bethmann, F., and T. Luhmann. "Semi-Global Matching in Object Space." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-3/W2 (March 10, 2015): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-3-w2-23-2015.
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Semi-Global Matching (SGM) is a widespread algorithm for image matching which is used for very different applications, ranging from real-time applications (e.g. for generating 3D data for driver assistance systems) to aerial image matching. Originally developed for stereo-image matching, several extensions have been proposed to use more than two images within the matching process (multi-baseline matching, multi-view stereo). These extensions still perform the image matching in (rectified) stereo images and combine the pairwise results afterwards to create the final solution. This paper proposes an alternative approach which is suitable for the introduction of an arbitrary number of images into the matching process and utilizes image matching by using non-rectified images. The new method differs from the original SGM method mainly in two aspects: Firstly, the cost calculation is formulated in object space within a dense voxel raster by using the grey (or colour) values of all images instead of pairwise cost calculation in image space. Secondly, the semi-global (path-wise) minimization process is transferred into object space as well, so that the result of semi-global optimization leads to index maps (instead of disparity maps) which directly indicate the 3D positions of the best matches. Altogether, this yields to an essential simplification of the matching process compared to multi-view stereo (MVS) approaches. After a description of the new method, results achieved from two different datasets (close-range and aerial) are presented and discussed.
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Adeel, Arooj, Muhammad Akram, and Ali N. A. Koam. "Group Decision-Making Based on m-Polar Fuzzy Linguistic TOPSIS Method." Symmetry 11, no. 6 (May 29, 2019): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11060735.
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The fuzzy linguistic approach provides favorable outputs in several areas, whose description is relatively qualitative. The encouragement for the utilization of sentences or words instead of numbers is that linguistic characterizations or classifications are usually less absolute than algebraic or arithmetical ones. In this research article, we animate the m-polar fuzzy (mF) linguistic approach and elaborate it with real life examples and tabular representation to develop the affluence of linguistic variables based on mF approach. As an extension of the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method, we develop an m-polar fuzzy linguistic TOPSIS approach for multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM). It is used to evaluate the best alternative, to get more authentic and comparable results and to handle the real life problems of having multi-polar information in terms of linguistic variables and values. In this approach decision-makers contribute their estimations in the form of linguistic term sets. To show the efficiency and compatibility of the proposed approach, we compare it with the m-polar fuzzy linguistic ELECTRE-I (Elimination and Choice Translating Reality) approach. Finally, we draw a flow chart of our proposed approach as an algorithm and generate a computer programming code.
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Agung Wahyudi, Imam Buchori, and Joesron Alie Sjahbana. "TRANSFORMASI RUANG AKIBAT KONFLIK." Jurnal Koridor 10, no. 1 (July 25, 2019): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/koridor.v10i1.1381.
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The transformation of space in architecture due to conflicts of interest, has not been studied much, so that architecture is used as a benchmark for understanding quality, marking the ownership or power of a group towards space. With a case study of conflicts of interest in the Kuta Bali tourist area, and by applying the land reconstruction method, it was found a process of changing space and its impact on the people of Kuta in particular and for Bali tourism in general, because Kuta is a major tourist destination. In this study will refine the theory of the description of architectural processes of space change due to conflicts of interest. Findings about inter-disciplinary research methods, bridging architectural science with its supporting sciences (sociology, psychology, anthropology). The role of architecture will support an alternative concept in the process of changing space due to conflicts of interest, as well as spatial planning that experiences dynamic and multi-dimensionalchanges.
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Leitch, Thomas. "There’s No Nostalgia Like Hollywood Nostalgia." Humanities 7, no. 4 (October 19, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h7040101.
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This essay argues that the complexities of the nostalgic impulse in Hollywood cinema are inadequately described by Svetlana Boym’s particular description of Hollywood as “both induc[ing] nostalgia and offer[ing] a tranquilizer” and her highly influential general distinction between restorative and reflective nostalgia. Instead, it contends that Hollywood departs in important ways from the models of both the restorative nostalgia established by the heritage cinema and Great Britain and the reflective nostalgia commonly found in American literature. Using a wide range of examples from American cinema, American literature, and American culture, it considers the reasons why nostalgia occupies a different place and seeks different kinds of expressions in American culture than it does in other national cultures, examines the leading Hollywood genres in which restorative nostalgia appears and the distinctive ways those genres inflect it, and concludes by urging a closer analysis of the more complex, multi-laminated nostalgia Hollywood films offer as an alternative to Boym’s highly influential categorical dichotomy.
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Kramar, V. "The Mathematical Models of Lattice Functions in Modelling of Control System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2096, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2096/1/012149.
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Abstract The paper proposes an approach to constructing a mathematical model of lattice functions, which are mainly used in the study of discrete control systems in the time and domain of the Laplace transform. The proposed approach is based on the assumption of the physical absence of an impulse element. An alternative to the classical approach to the description of discrete data acquisition - the process of quantization in time, is considered. As a result, models of the lattice function in the time domain and the domain of the discrete Laplace transform are obtained. Based on the obtained mathematical models of lattice functions, a mathematical model of the time quantization element of the system is obtained. This will allow in the future to proceed to the construction of mathematical models of various discrete control systems, incl. expanding the proposed approaches to the construction of mathematical models of multi-cycle continuous-discrete automatic control systems
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Pettine, Warren Woodrich, Kenway Louie, John D. Murray, and Xiao-Jing Wang. "Excitatory-inhibitory tone shapes decision strategies in a hierarchical neural network model of multi-attribute choice." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 3 (March 11, 2021): e1008791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008791.
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We are constantly faced with decisions between alternatives defined by multiple attributes, necessitating an evaluation and integration of different information sources. Time-varying signals in multiple brain areas are implicated in decision-making; but we lack a rigorous biophysical description of how basic circuit properties, such as excitatory-inhibitory (E/I) tone and cascading nonlinearities, shape attribute processing and choice behavior. Furthermore, how such properties govern choice performance under varying levels of environmental uncertainty is unknown. We investigated two-attribute, two-alternative decision-making in a dynamical, cascading nonlinear neural network with three layers: an input layer encoding choice alternative attribute values; an intermediate layer of modules processing separate attributes; and a final layer producing the decision. Depending on intermediate layer E/I tone, the network displays distinct regimes characterized by linear (I), convex (II) or concave (III) choice indifference curves. In regimes I and II, each option’s attribute information is additively integrated. In regime III, time-varying nonlinear operations amplify the separation between offer distributions by selectively attending to the attribute with the larger differences in input values. At low environmental uncertainty, a linear combination most consistently selects higher valued alternatives. However, at high environmental uncertainty, regime III is more likely than a linear operation to select alternatives with higher value. Furthermore, there are conditions where readout from the intermediate layer could be experimentally indistinguishable from the final layer. Finally, these principles are used to examine multi-attribute decisions in systems with reduced inhibitory tone, leading to predictions of different choice patterns and overall performance between those with restrictions on inhibitory tone and neurotypicals.
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Garzia, Fabio, Roberto Airoldi, and Jari Nurmi. "Implementation of FFT on General-Purpose Architectures for FPGA." International Journal of Embedded and Real-Time Communication Systems 1, no. 3 (July 2010): 24–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jertcs.2010070102.
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This paper describes two general-purpose architectures targeted to Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation. The first architecture is based on the coupling of a coarse-grain reconfigurable array with a general-purpose processor core. The second architecture is a homogeneous multi-processor system-on-chip (MP-SoC). Both architectures have been mapped onto two different Altera FPGA devices, a StratixII and a StratixIV. Although mapping onto the StratixIV results in higher operating frequencies, the capabilities of the device are not fully exploited. The implementation of a FFT on the two platforms shows a considerable speed-up in comparison with a single-processor reference architecture. The speed-up is higher in the reconfigurable solution but the MP-SoC provides an easier programming interface that is completely based on C language. The authors’ approach proves that implementing a programmable architecture on FPGA and then programming it using a high-level software language is a viable alternative to designing a dedicated hardware block with a hardware description language (HDL) and mapping it on FPGA.
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MacMahon, Kenneth, and Ricky McClements. "Working together: making the case for integrated forensic services for people with intellectual disabilities." Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour 6, no. 3/4 (December 14, 2015): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jidob-08-2015-0021.
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Purpose – There is a general consensus that healthcare for people with intellectual disabilities should be provided by multi-disciplinary teams. Within a forensic setting, recommendations are often made for separate or “parallel” forensic teams, operating independently of generic mental health or intellectual disability teams. An alternative to this model is an “integrated” service, where specialist forensic clinicians work within the general intellectual disability service, to provide support for clients with forensic needs. For clients with intellectual disabilities and forensic needs, there may be advantages to providing access to a wider multi-disciplinary team, through the application of an integrated model. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the working of an integrated forensic service within a learning disability team, to identify positive aspects of this model, and how potential shortcomings may be overcome. Design/methodology/approach – Literature review, description of service outline with case example. Findings – Although some studies have compared parallel and integrated forensic models within mental health services, there are no evaluations that compare models of forensic services for individuals with intellectual disabilities. However, specific advantages of an integrated model may include availability of multi-disciplinary clinicians, development of forensic skills across wider groups of clinicians, reduction in stigma and avoidance of delay in transfer of care between services. In addition, in areas with smaller populations, parallel services may not be feasible due to low case numbers. Originality/value – There has been no formal evaluation of parallel vs integrated forensic services within an intellectual disability setting. However, the authors describe a fully integrated service and suggest means by which the potential shortcomings of an integrated model may be overcome.
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Nizami, Md Minhaz Ul Islam, Ahmed Mushfiqur Rahman, Nafij Bin Jamayet, Mohammad Khursheed Alam, Zuryati Ab Ghani, and Adam Husein. "Prosthetic rehabilitation of a microtia patient by adhesive retained auricular prosthesis: A dental technique." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 18, no. 2 (March 25, 2019): 437–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v18i2.40723.
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Introduction: Auricular deformity can be emotionally traumatising and affects social behavior of an individual. In such cases, aesthetically acceptable prosthesis serves as a viable alternative technique to surgical reconstruction.
Case description: Impression of the auricular defect was taken by light and regular body of poly vinyl siloxane impression material. Wax sculpting was challenging due to the bulgy remnant of the defected ear. The wax pattern was made very thin to accommodate and mask the remnant without compromising the aesthetic. Trial on the patientwas done for correction of the contours, angulation, height and width according to the normal contralateral ear. The intrinsic coloration of a Room Temperature Vulcanizing silicone was done and poured in a custom-made three-piece mold. Before the final issue of the auricular prosthesis, extrinsic coloration was done based on the surrounding area of the defect.
Discussion: Fabrication of adhesive retained prosthesis is challenging in patients with large deformed soft tissue who refuse to undergo surgical repair. A modified wax sculpting was done to overcome this challenge. Medical grade silicone was the choice of material because of its flexibility, biocompatibility and life like appearance.
Conclusion: Replacement of missing ear is a difficult and multi-step task in which extensive array of materials and techniques need to be employed. This fabrication technique is alternative to surgical repair with the utilization of available and economical materials.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(2) 2019 p.437-439
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Bethmann, F., and T. Luhmann. "Object-based Multi-Image Semi-Global Matching – Concept and first results." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 5, 2014): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-93-2014.
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Semi-Global Matching (SGM) is a widespread algorithm for image matching which is used for very different applications, reaching from real-time applications (e.g. for generating 3D-data for driver assistance systems) to aerial image matching. Originally developed for stereo-image matching, several extensions have been proposed to use more than two images within the matching process (multibaseline matching, multi-view stereo). Most of these extensions still perform the image matching in (rectified) stereo images and combine the pairwise results afterwards to create the final solution. This paper proposes an alternative approach which is suitable for the introduction of an arbitrary number of images into the matching process and utilizes image matching by using non-rectified images within a closed solution. The proposed approach differs from the original SGM method in two major aspects: Firstly, the cost calculation is formulated in object space within a dense voxel raster by using the grey- (or colour-) values of all images instead of pairwise cost calculation in image space. Secondly, the semi-global (path-wise) minimization process is transferred into object space as well, so that the result of semi-global optimization leads to index-maps (instead of disparity maps) which directly indicate the 3D positions of the best matches. The paper provides a detailed description of the approach and it discusses its advantages and disadvantages. Further on, first results and accuracy analysis are presented.
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Kulmon, Pavel. "Reversible Jump MCMC for Deghosting in MSPSR Systems." Sensors 21, no. 14 (July 14, 2021): 4815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144815.
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This paper deals with bistatic track association and deghosting in the classical frequency modulation (FM)-based multi-static primary surveillance radar (MSPSR). The main contribution of this paper is a novel algorithm for bistatic track association and deghosting. The proposed algorithm is based on a hierarchical model which uses the Indian buffet process (IBP) as the prior probability distribution for the association matrix. The inference of the association matrix is then performed using the classical reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) algorithm with the usage of a custom set of the moves proposed by the sampler. A detailed description of the moves together with the underlying theory and the whole model is provided. Using the simulated data, the algorithm is compared with the two alternative ones and the results show the significantly better performance of the proposed algorithm in such a simulated setup. The simulated data are also used for the analysis of the properties of Markov chains produced by the sampler, such as the convergence or the posterior distribution. At the end of the paper, further research on the proposed method is outlined.
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Walker, Anthony P., Ming Ye, Dan Lu, Martin G. De Kauwe, Lianhong Gu, Belinda E. Medlyn, Alistair Rogers, and Shawn P. Serbin. "The multi-assumption architecture and testbed (MAAT v1.0): R code for generating ensembles with dynamic model structure and analysis of epistemic uncertainty from multiple sources." Geoscientific Model Development 11, no. 8 (August 10, 2018): 3159–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3159-2018.
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Abstract. Computer models are ubiquitous tools used to represent systems across many scientific and engineering domains. For any given system, many computer models exist, each built on different assumptions and demonstrating variability in the ways in which these systems can be represented. This variability is known as epistemic uncertainty, i.e. uncertainty in our knowledge of how these systems operate. Two primary sources of epistemic uncertainty are (1) uncertain parameter values and (2) uncertain mathematical representations of the processes that comprise the system. Many formal methods exist to analyse parameter-based epistemic uncertainty, while process-representation-based epistemic uncertainty is often analysed post hoc, incompletely, informally, or is ignored. In this model description paper we present the multi-assumption architecture and testbed (MAAT v1.0) designed to formally and completely analyse process-representation-based epistemic uncertainty. MAAT is a modular modelling code that can simply and efficiently vary model structure (process representation), allowing for the generation and running of large model ensembles that vary in process representation, parameters, parameter values, and environmental conditions during a single execution of the code. MAAT v1.0 approaches epistemic uncertainty through sensitivity analysis, assigning variability in model output to processes (process representation and parameters) or to individual parameters. In this model description paper we describe MAAT and, by using a simple groundwater model example, verify that the sensitivity analysis algorithms have been correctly implemented. The main system model currently coded in MAAT is a unified, leaf-scale enzyme kinetic model of C3 photosynthesis. In the Appendix we describe the photosynthesis model and the unification of multiple representations of photosynthetic processes. The numerical solution to leaf-scale photosynthesis is verified and examples of process variability in temperature response functions are provided. For rapid application to new systems, the MAAT algorithms for efficient variation of model structure and sensitivity analysis are agnostic of the specific system model employed. Therefore MAAT provides a tool for the development of novel or toy models in many domains, i.e. not only photosynthesis, facilitating rapid informal and formal comparison of alternative modelling approaches.
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Milovanović, Zdravko, Snježana Milovanović, Valentina Janičić Milovanović, Svetlana Dumonjić-Milovanović, and Dejan Branković. "Modeling of the Optimization Procedure for Selecting the Location of New Thermal Power Plants (TPP)." International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 6, no. 1 (October 29, 2020): 118–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2021.6.1.009.
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At the level of design of thermal power plants (TPP), when making decisions related to the choice of its macro location and micro location, disposition solution and equipment structure, the choice of the right decision method is of particular importance. Multi criteria analysis involves solving inadequately structured problems, while in practical terms it is a necessary tool in solving the day-to-day tasks of decision-making, management actions, both at the design level and the exploitation of complex energy and process systems. The development of new methods and the improvement of existing multi criteria analysis methods have influenced their increasing application in the field of energy, from both theoretical and practical aspects. A particular segment of the application of multi criteria analysis methods is to make strategic or operational decisions when solving multidisciplinary problems with predominantly technical or predominantly economic content, whether looking at a part or the energy system as a whole. The application of these methods in choosing the right solutions in the decision-making tasks of management in the design, maintenance and operation of thermal power plants is based on the development of information technology and computer technology. There are several methods in use today, of which the following should be emphasized: PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization METHod of Enrichment Evaluation), AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), IKOR, ELECTRE (ELimination Et Choice Translating REality), MAX-MIN, MAX-MAX, Hurwicz (combination of max-max and max-min methods), SAW (Simple Additive Weighting Method), TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), conjunctive method, disjunctive method, etc. Depending on the method used, the ranking of alternatives or criteria, the best alternative or criterion or set of alternatives or criteria that meet certain conditions is obtained as a solution. Problems that can be considered using multi-criteria decision-making have certain common characteristics: a large number of criteria that must be created by the decision maker, a high likelihood of conflict between the criteria, inseparable (different) units of measure (as a rule, each criterion has different units of measure), as well as design or the choice of optimal concepts in a predetermined space. Solutions are either designing the best alternative or choosing the best action from a set of predefined final actions. This paper provides a brief description of the more important methods, along with an analysis of their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the possibility of applying them to solve the specific problem of choosing a micro location for TPP. Starting from the application of the modified multi criteria method for determining the priorities between individual alternatives for ranking and selecting the optimal micro location within a certain macro location within a predetermined framework, in a decision situation involving a number of decision makers of different specialty, examples of micro location selection for new thermal power facilities of TPP Stanari are given, TPP Gacko 2 and TPP Ugljevik 3, with preliminary definition of elimination criteria and criteria for comparison of locations of given TPPs.
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Jitsuchon, Somchai. "Thailand’s Sufficiency Economy Philosophy as an Alternative Path to Sustainable Development." European Journal of Sustainable Development 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2019.v8n2p191.
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The recent history of economic and social development has shown that while contemporary development models succeed in increasing the wealth and wellbeing of mankind around the world, they also suffer from a number of shortcomings: they emphasize too much on financial success (like GDP) at the expense of other important dimensions of development, they bring in occasional but more frequent crises of various sort, they entail numerous social, such as disparity, and environmental illnesses. In short, the current development models are not sustainable. While Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is an attempt to achieve sustainable development by setting up goals that would steer the development in right direction, it lacks description of how those goals should be achieved. Rather, SDGs recognize that countries may have their own ways to achieve the goals. In this paper, we argue that Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP), invented by the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand, offers an alternative path to sustainable development. Key differences of SEP from other development models are that (a) it is a more holistic way of development, with physical and spiritual betterment simultaneously being sought, (b) it regards development as a multi-dimensional endeavor from the outset and, (c) it recognizes the role of communities and voluntary participation in development as important components on the path to sustainable development. We use a simple model that links SEP to sustainable development outcomes and test it with a newly-constructed system of indicators that captures SEP principles held by Thai people and a number of ultimate development outcomes. Our results find positive contributions of SEP to sustainable development outcomes. The indicators can thus be used to monitor both SEP and sustainable development. Keywords: Path to sustainable development, Development Indicators, King Bhumibol Adulyadej, Sufficiency, economy philosophy
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Anand, Nikhil, Neda Ebrahimi Pour, Harald Klimach, and Sabine Roller. "Utilization of the Brinkman Penalization to Represent Geometries in a High-Order Discontinuous Galerkin Scheme on Octree Meshes." Symmetry 11, no. 9 (September 5, 2019): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11091126.
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We investigate the suitability of the Brinkman penalization method in the context of a high-order discontinuous Galerkin scheme to represent wall boundaries in compressible flow simulations. To evaluate the accuracy of the wall model in the numerical scheme, we use setups with symmetric reflections at the wall. High-order approximations are attractive as they require few degrees of freedom to represent smooth solutions. Low memory requirements are an essential property on modern computing systems with limited memory bandwidth and capability. The high-order discretization is especially useful to represent long traveling waves, due to their small dissipation and dispersion errors. An application where this is important is the direct simulation of aeroacoustic phenomena arising from the fluid motion around obstacles. A significant problem for high-order methods is the proper definition of wall boundary conditions. The description of surfaces needs to match the discretization scheme. One option to achieve a high-order boundary description is to deform elements at the boundary into curved elements. However, creating such curved elements is delicate and prone to numerical instabilities. Immersed boundaries offer an alternative that does not require a modification of the mesh. The Brinkman penalization is such a scheme that allows us to maintain cubical elements and thereby the utilization of efficient numerical algorithms exploiting symmetry properties of the multi-dimensional basis functions. We explain the Brinkman penalization method and its application in our open-source implementation of the discontinuous Galerkin scheme, Ateles. The core of this presentation is the investigation of various penalization parameters. While we investigate the fundamental properties with one-dimensional setups, a two-dimensional reflection of an acoustic pulse at a cylinder shows how the presented method can accurately represent curved walls and maintains the symmetry of the resulting wave patterns.
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Ivanov, Mikhail. "Dynamical picture for the exotic XYZ states." EPJ Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 00042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201819200042.
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We present a dynamical approach for description of the multi-quark states that is based on an effective interaction Lagrangian describing the coupling of hadrons to their constituent quarks. First, we explore the consequences of treating the X(3872) meson as a tetraquark bound state. We calculate the decay widths of the observed channels and conclude that for reasonable values of the size parameter of the X(3872) one finds consistency with the available experimental data. Then we have critically checked the tetraquark picture for the Zc(3900) state by analyzing its strong decays. We found that Zc(3900) has a much more stronger coupling to DD* than to J/Ψπ that is in discord with experiment. As an alternative we have employed a molecular-type four-quark current to describe the decays of the Zc(3900) state as the charged particle in the isotriplet. We found that a molecular-type current gives the values of the above decays in accordance with the experimental observation. By using moleculartype four-quark currents for the recently observed resonances Zb(10610) and Zb(10650), we have calculated their two-body decay rates into a bottomonium state plus a light meson as well as into B-meson pairs.
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ZHU, JIANLIN, JIN HUANG, DAICUI ZHOU, ZHONGBAO YIN, GUOPING ZHANG, and QIANG HE. "SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE RECOVERY THROUGH SIMILARITY-BASED GRAPH CLUSTERING." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 23, no. 04 (May 2013): 559–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194013500162.
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Software architecture recovery is to gain the architectural level understanding of a software system while its architecture description does not exist. In recent years, researchers have adopted various software clustering techniques to detect hierarchical structure of software systems. Most graph clustering techniques focus on the connectivity between program elements, but unreasonably ignore the similarity which is also a key measure for finding elements of one module. In this paper we propose a novel hierarchy graph clustering algorithm DGHC, which considers both similarity and connectivity between program elements. During the transformation of program dependence graph edges representing similarity between elements are added. Then similar elements are grouped by density-based approaches. The alternative strategy is adopted to find groups of closely connected and similar elements. Meanwhile we adjust the contribution of connectivity and similarity by a flexible clustering algorithm based on short random walk model, which can obtain more structure information of software to find its multiple layers. Furthermore a new method called Multi-layer Propagation Gap is proposed to suggest stable layers of hierarchy clustering result as multiple layers of software system. Extensive experimental results illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of DGHC in detecting hierarchy structure of software through comparison with various software clustering methods.
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Rutkowski, M. A. "SOLAR SYSTEMS FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN ACCORDANCE WITH OPERATING CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS." Science & Technique 16, no. 4 (July 6, 2017): 324–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2017-16-4-324-334.
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Solar systems are actively applied for heat supply of buildings in Europe. Usage of solar energy for heat supply of residential buildings is considered as rather efficient for the Republic of Belarus because total amount of direct and scattered solar radiation entering horizontal surface is equivalent to an average European index for the climate of Belarus. The paper analyzes an existing dependence on determination of solar system efficiency and proposes an amended formula for calculations while designing solar consumption systems and its legitimacy has been experimentally proved. A scheme of an experimental unit with explanations and a brief description for execution of experiments and main results of the completed investigations have been presented in the paper. Experiments have been carried out for solar systems with natural and forced coolant circulation. Attention has been paid to obtaining maximum possible temperature potential of the coolant during operation of the solar system within periods of high and low solar radiation intensity. Recommendations on practical application of solar systems for multi-storey residential buildings houses and mansion-type houses have been given in the paper. The paper presents technological principles of constructing “passive” solar heating devices. A comparison of traditionally applied and proposed alternative solar systems has been made for operational conditions in Belarus. The paper proposes a solar system for hot water supply of multi-storey buildings. The proposed system has found its first realization in the Republic while designing and constructing an energy-efficient demonstration 10-storey residential building in Mogilev within the framework of the UN Development Program project and Global Environment Fund “Improvement of energy efficiency for residential buildings in the Republic of Belarus”
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Jahani, Alireza, Masrah Azrifah Azmi Murad, Md Nasir bin Sulaiman, and Mohd Hasan Selamat. "An agent-based supplier selection framework." Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal 8, no. 2/3 (June 15, 2015): 180–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/so-01-2015-0003.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose an approach that integrates three complementary perspectives, multi-agent systems, fuzzy logic and case-based reasoning. Unsatisfied customers, information overload and high uncertainty are the main challenges that are faced by today’s supply chains. In addition, a few existing agent-based approaches are tied to real-world supply chain functions like supplier selection. These approaches are static and do not adequately take the qualitative and quantitative factors into consideration. Therefore, an agent-based framework is needed to address these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed approach integrates three complementary perspectives, multi-agent systems, fuzzy logic and case-based reasoning, as a common framework. These perspectives were rarely used together as a common framework in previous studies. Furthermore, an exploratory case study in an office furniture company is undertaken to illustrate the value of the framework. Findings – The proposed agent-based framework evaluates supply offers based on customers’ preferences, recommends alternative products in the case of stock-out and provides a collaborative environment among agents who represent different supply chain entities. The proposed fuzzy case-based reasoning (F-CBR) approach reduces the information overload by organizing them into the relevant cases that causes less overall search between cases. In addition, its fuzzy aspect addresses the high uncertainty of supply chains, especially when there are different customers’ orders with different preferences. Research limitations/implications – The present study does not include the functions of inventory management and negotiation between agents. Furthermore, only the case description and case retrieval phases of the case-based reasoning approach are investigated, and the remaining phases like case retaining, case reusing and case revising are not included in the scope of this paper. Originality/value – This framework balances the interests of different supply chain structural elements where each of them is represented by a specific agent for better collaboration, decision-making and problem-solving in a multi-agent environment. In addition, the supplier selection and order gathering mechanisms are developed based on customers’ orders.
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Schmelzer, Jürn W. P., Alexander S. Abyzov, and Vladimir G. Baidakov. "Entropy and the Tolman Parameter in Nucleation Theory." Entropy 21, no. 7 (July 9, 2019): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21070670.
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Thermodynamic aspects of the theory of nucleation are commonly considered employing Gibbs’ theory of interfacial phenomena and its generalizations. Utilizing Gibbs’ theory, the bulk parameters of the critical clusters governing nucleation can be uniquely determined for any metastable state of the ambient phase. As a rule, they turn out in such treatment to be widely similar to the properties of the newly-evolving macroscopic phases. Consequently, the major tool to resolve problems concerning the accuracy of theoretical predictions of nucleation rates and related characteristics of the nucleation process consists of an approach with the introduction of the size or curvature dependence of the surface tension. In the description of crystallization, this quantity has been expressed frequently via changes of entropy (or enthalpy) in crystallization, i.e., via the latent heat of melting or crystallization. Such a correlation between the capillarity phenomena and entropy changes was originally advanced by Stefan considering condensation and evaporation. It is known in the application to crystal nucleation as the Skapski–Turnbull relation. This relation, by mentioned reasons more correctly denoted as the Stefan–Skapski–Turnbull rule, was expanded by some of us quite recently to the description of the surface tension not only for phase equilibrium at planar interfaces, but to the description of the surface tension of critical clusters and its size or curvature dependence. This dependence is frequently expressed by a relation derived by Tolman. As shown by us, the Tolman equation can be employed for the description of the surface tension not only for condensation and boiling in one-component systems caused by variations of pressure (analyzed by Gibbs and Tolman), but generally also for phase formation caused by variations of temperature. Beyond this particular application, it can be utilized for multi-component systems provided the composition of the ambient phase is kept constant and variations of either pressure or temperature do not result in variations of the composition of the critical clusters. The latter requirement is one of the basic assumptions of classical nucleation theory. For this reason, it is only natural to use it also for the specification of the size dependence of the surface tension. Our method, relying on the Stefan–Skapski–Turnbull rule, allows one to determine the dependence of the surface tension on pressure and temperature or, alternatively, the Tolman parameter in his equation. In the present paper, we expand this approach and compare it with alternative methods of the description of the size-dependence of the surface tension and, as far as it is possible to use the Tolman equation, of the specification of the Tolman parameter. Applying these ideas to condensation and boiling, we derive a relation for the curvature dependence of the surface tension covering the whole range of metastable initial states from the binodal curve to the spinodal curve.
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Савельев, Ю., Yu Savel'ev, Е. Бабич, and E. Babich. "Computer Method for Learning of Descriptive Geometry. Technical Task." Geometry & Graphics 6, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5ad09d62e8a792.47611365.
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Descriptive geometry, whose subject of study is three-dimensional real and imaginary objects, is available for a specific method both of knowledge deepening and gained knowledge control. Thus apart from visualization of graphic constructions is available a strictly logical sequence of their execution. Using a graphical editor instead of a ruler and compass not only and not so much facilitates routine operations for construction of circles, parallel and perpendicular lines, but allows literally touch geometric images. Choice of one of three methods such as construction, transformation or intermediaries ones, allows a student under testing not only to respond a specific question, but also to choose a more suitable way to solve this problem. Has been presented the description of computer program that allows quickly solve course problems with the prompt, if necessary. Other modes make it possible to exercise self-control or final control of gained knowledge. The program interface is multi-window structure enabling in sequence, on proposed 4–7 steps, solve a problem in the animation mode. A program feature is the absence of false (harmful for the study) questions as options. The right questions of another stage are used as alternative. When the answer to the question is wrong, than the principle of return is used. Have been offered stages and questions for solution of one of typical problems with illustration of a possible computer algorithm. Has been presented a help page variant. A set of tasks, covering the entire course of descriptive geometry, has been presented for a discussion. It has been noted that the described program’s pilot variant was developed and successfully implemented in educational process with use of all formulated principles and modes, including animation and the choice of points coordinates by the random number method.
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De Lucia, M., T. Kempka, and M. Kühn. "A coupling alternative to reactive transport simulations for long-term prediction of chemical reactions in heterogeneous CO<sub>2</sub> storage systems." Geoscientific Model Development 8, no. 2 (February 11, 2015): 279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-279-2015.
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Abstract. Fully coupled, multi-phase reactive transport simulations of CO2 storage systems can be approximated by a simplified one-way coupling of hydrodynamics and reactive chemistry. The main characteristics of such systems, and hypotheses underlying the proposed alternative coupling, are (i) that the presence of CO2 is the only driving force for chemical reactions and (ii) that its migration in the reservoir is only marginally affected by immobilisation due to chemical reactions. In the simplified coupling, the exposure time to CO2 of each element of the hydrodynamic grid is estimated by non-reactive simulations and the reaction path of one single batch geochemical model is applied to each grid element during its exposure time. In heterogeneous settings, analytical scaling relationships provide the dependency of velocity and amount of reactions to porosity and gas saturation. The analysis of TOUGHREACT fully coupled reactive transport simulations of CO2 injection in saline aquifer, inspired to the Ketzin pilot site (Germany), both in homogeneous and heterogeneous settings, confirms that the reaction paths predicted by fully coupled simulations in every element of the grid show a high degree of self-similarity. A threshold value for the minimum concentration of dissolved CO2 considered chemically active is shown to mitigate the effects of the discrepancy between dissolved CO2 migration in non-reactive and fully coupled simulations. In real life, the optimal threshold value is unknown and has to be estimated, e.g. by means of 1-D or 2-D simulations, resulting in an uncertainty ultimately due to the process de-coupling. However, such uncertainty is more than acceptable given that the alternative coupling enables using grids of the order of millions of elements, profiting from much better description of heterogeneous reservoirs at a fraction of the calculation time of fully coupled models.
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De Lucia, M., T. Kempka, and M. Kühn. "A coupling alternative to reactive transport simulations for long-term prediction of chemical reactions in heterogeneous CO<sub>2</sub> storage systems." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 7, no. 5 (September 25, 2014): 6217–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-7-6217-2014.
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Abstract. Fully-coupled, multi-phase reactive transport simulations of CO2 storage systems can be approximated by a simplified one-way coupling of hydrodynamics and reactive chemistry. The main characteristics of such systems, and hypotheses underlying the proposed alternative coupling, are (i) that the presence of CO2 is the only driving force for chemical reactions and (ii) that its migration in the reservoir is only marginally affected by immobilization due to chemical reactions. In the simplified coupling, the exposure time to CO2 of each element of the hydrodynamic grid is estimated by non-reactive simulations and the reaction path of one single batch geochemical model is applied to each grid element during its exposure time. In heterogeneous settings, analytical scaling relationships provide the dependency of velocity and amount of reactions to porosity and gas saturation. The analysis of TOUGHREACT fully coupled reactive transport simulations of CO2 injection in saline aquifer, inspired to the Ketzin pilot site (Germany), both in homogeneous and heterogeneous settings, confirms that the reaction paths predicted by fully coupled simulations in every element of the grid show a high degree of self-similarity. A threshold value for the minimum concentration of dissolved CO2 considered chemically active is showed to mitigate the effects of the discrepancy between dissolved CO2 migration in non-reactive and fully coupled simulations. In real life, the optimal threshold value is unknown and has to be estimated, e.g., by means of 1-D or 2-D simulations, resulting in an uncertainty ultimately due to the process de-coupling. However, such uncertainty is more than acceptable given that the alternative coupling enables using grids in the order of million elements, profiting from much better description of heterogeneous reservoirs at a fraction of the calculation time of fully coupled models.
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Weaver, Konrad C., R. Arnold, C. Holden, J. Townend, and S. C. Cox. "A Probabilistic Model of Aquifer Susceptibility to Earthquake-Induced Groundwater-Level Changes." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 110, no. 3 (May 12, 2020): 1046–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120180278.
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ABSTRACT A probabilistic model for earthquake-induced persistent groundwater-level response as a function of peak ground velocity (PGV) has been constructed using a catalog of monitoring well observations spanning multiple earthquakes. The regional-scale, multi-site, multi-earthquake investigation addresses the occurrence and absence of hydraulic responses to large earthquakes spanning almost a decade of seismic shaking. Persistent groundwater-level changes, or absences of change, have been quantified in 495 monitoring wells in response to one or more of 11 recent New Zealand earthquakes larger than Mw 5.4 that occurred between 2008 and 2017. A binary logistic regression model with random effects has been applied to the dataset using three predictors: earthquake shaking (PGV), degree of hydrogeological confinement (monitoring well depth), and rock strength (site-average shear-wave velocity). Random effects were included as a partial proxy for variations in monitoring wells’ susceptibilities to earthquake-induced persistent water-level changes. Marginal probabilities have been calculated as a function of PGV and related to modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) levels using a New Zealand-specific MMI–PGV relationship that enables the likelihood of persistent water-level changes to be expressed for MMIs of II–VIII. This study capitalizes on one of the largest catalogs of earthquake hydrological observations compiled worldwide and is the first attempt at incorporating seismic and hydrogeological factors in a common probabilistic description of earthquake-induced groundwater-level changes. This modeling framework provides a more generalizable approach to quantifying responses than alternative metrics based on epicentral distance, magnitude, and seismic energy density. It has potential to enable better comparison of international studies and to inform practitioners making engineering or investment decisions to mitigate risk and increase the resilience of water-supply infrastructure.
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Jiao, Yinchun, and Frank Weinhold. "NBO/NRT Two-State Theory of Bond-Shift Spectral Excitation." Molecules 25, no. 18 (September 4, 2020): 4052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25184052.
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We show that natural bond orbital (NBO) and natural resonance theory (NRT) analysis methods provide both optimized Lewis-structural bonding descriptors for ground-state electronic properties as well as suitable building blocks for idealized “diabatic” two-state models of the associated spectroscopic excitations. Specifically, in the framework of single-determinant Hartree-Fock or density functional methods for a resonance-stabilized molecule or supramolecular complex, we employ NBO/NRT descriptors of the ground-state determinant to develop a qualitative picture of the associated charge-transfer excitation that dominates the valence region of the electronic spectrum. We illustrate the procedure for the elementary bond shifts of SN2-type halide exchange reaction as well as the more complex bond shifts in a series of conjugated cyanine dyes. In each case, we show how NBO-based descriptors of resonance-type 3-center, 4-electron (3c/4e) interactions provide simple estimates of spectroscopic excitation energy, bond orders, and other vibronic details of the excited-state PES that anticipate important features of the full multi-configuration description. The deep 3c/4e connections to measurable spectral properties also provide evidence for NBO-based estimates of ground-state donor-acceptor stabilization energies (sometimes criticized as “too large” compared to alternative analysis methods) that are also found to be of proper magnitude to provide useful estimates of excitation energies and structure-dependent spectral shifts.
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dos Reis Pereira, Marco Antonio, and Tomas Queiroz Ferreira Barata. "Bamboo as Sustainable Material Used in Design and Civil Construction: Species, Management, Characterization and Applications." Key Engineering Materials 634 (December 2014): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.634.339.
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. The use of bamboo as construction and raw material for producing products can be considered a feasible alternative to the abusive use of steel, concrete and oil byproducts. Its use can also reduce the pressure on the use of wood from native and planted forests. Although there are thousands of bamboo species spread about the world and Brazil itself has hundreds of native species, the use and basic knowledge of its characteristics and applications are still little known and little disseminated. This paper's main objective is to introduce the species, the management phases, the physical and mechanical characteristics and the experiences in using bamboo in design and civil construction as per the Bamboo Project implemented at UNESP, Bauru campus since 1994. The results are divided into: a) Field activities - description of the technological species of interest, production chain flows, types of preservative treatments and clump management practices for the development, adaptation and production of different species of culms; b) Lab experiments - physical and mechanical characterization of culms processed as laminated strips and as composite material (glue laminated bamboo – glubam); c) Uses in projects - experiences with natural bamboo and glubam in design, architecture and civil construction projects. In the final remarks, the study aims to demonstrate, through practical and laboratory results, the material's multi-functionality and the feasibility in using bamboo as a sustainable material.
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Honrubia, Efrén, and Ángel S. Sanz. "Graph Approach to Quantum Teleportation Dynamics." Quantum Reports 2, no. 3 (July 10, 2020): 352–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quantum2030025.
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Quantum teleportation plays a key role in modern quantum technologies. Thus, it is of much interest to generate alternative approaches or representations that are aimed at allowing us a better understanding of the physics involved in the process from different perspectives. With this purpose, here an approach based on graph theory is introduced and discussed in the context of some applications. Its main goal is to provide a fully symbolic framework for quantum teleportation from a dynamical viewpoint, which makes explicit at each stage of the process how entanglement and information swap among the qubits involved in it. In order to construct this dynamical perspective, it has been necessary to define some auxiliary elements, namely virtual nodes and edges, as well as an additional notation for nodes describing potential states (against nodes accounting for actual states). With these elements, not only the flow of the process can be followed step by step, but they also allow us to establish a direct correspondence between this graph-based approach and the usual state vector description. To show the suitability and versatility of this graph-based approach, several particular teleportation examples are examined in detail, which include bipartite, tripartite, and tetrapartite maximally entangled states as quantum channels. From the analysis of these cases, a general protocol is devised to describe the sharing of quantum information in presence of maximally entangled multi-qubit system.
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Limbu, Prem Prasad. "Development Policy Process in Nepal: A Critical Analysis." International Research Journal of Management Science 4 (December 1, 2019): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/irjms.v4i0.27886.
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The article analyzes the development policy, agenda sources, policy formation, implementation, and evaluation process of Nepal. The description of policy agendas, role of the National Planning Commission (PSC) as development policy agency, trend of planned development approach in Nepal its review target achievements and discussion of identified problems of development plans are also the contents of the article. It further explains the explored problems and ideas to solve them in a complete development policy process Nepal. The article examines the level of social justice analyzing whole development policy process of Nepal along with the interpretation of policy agency through the lance of power sharing based on thematic analysis of data. The article has concluded that the current development policy process is centralized, top-down and elite dominated in a old tendency which is not compatible process to federal structure of Nepal. The reformation of this old tendency through inclusive, bottom-up approach and deconstruction of centralization with insurance of multi-dimensional meaningful participation and ownership development to the concerned stakeholders in all levels is the way of solution. The reformation is necessary in both policy agency institutional structure and policy process of development, such as:, agenda setting, situation analysis, alternative selection, policy adoption, and implementation with due monitoring and evaluation process for the bright future of Nepali peoples.