Academic literature on the topic 'Multi-alternative description'
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Journal articles on the topic "Multi-alternative description"
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Komsiyah, Siti. "Aplikasi Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) pada Pemilihan Software Manajemen Proyek." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 870. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v5i2.2292.
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The problem with many alternative decisions in the areas of management and administration commonly referred to as multi-attribute decision problems. For example, the decision problem with many variables so that the target decision can not always be determined easily. Well-known method of approach, to overcome this kind of problem is called the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). AHP technique is given by arranging alternative levels of decision, so as to provide a structured quantitative description. Application of multi-attribute types ofproblems such as problems in the selection of software, car, project proposal, the university, the best employees, and so forth. In this paper, the approach developed using the AHP in software selection project management.
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Park, Seok-Hwan, Osvaldo Simeone, and Shlomo Shamai (Shitz). "Robust Baseband Compression Against Congestion in Packet-Based Fronthaul Networks Using Multiple Description Coding." Entropy 21, no. 4 (April 24, 2019): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21040433.
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In modern implementations of Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN), the fronthaul transport network will often be packet-based and it will have a multi-hop architecture built with general-purpose switches using network function virtualization (NFV) and software-defined networking (SDN). This paper studies the joint design of uplink radio and fronthaul transmission strategies for a C-RAN with a packet-based fronthaul network. To make an efficient use of multiple routes that carry fronthaul packets from remote radio heads (RRHs) to cloud, as an alternative to more conventional packet-based multi-route reception or coding, a multiple description coding (MDC) strategy is introduced that operates directly at the level of baseband signals. MDC ensures an improved quality of the signal received at the cloud in conditions of low network congestion, i.e., when more fronthaul packets are received within a tolerated deadline. The advantages of the proposed MDC approach as compared to the traditional path diversity scheme are validated via extensive numerical results.
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Muhammad Habib and Noor ul Qamar. "Multimodal Interaction Recognition Mechanism by Using Midas Featured By Data-Level and Decision-Level Fusion." Lahore Garrison University Research Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/lgurjcsit.2017.010227.
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Natural User Interfaces (NUI's) dealing with gestures is an alternative of traditional input devices on multi-touch panels. Rate of growth in the Sensor technology has increased the use of multiple sensors to deal with various monitoring and compatibility issues of machines. Research on data-level fusion models requires more focus on the fusion of multiple degradation-based sensor data. Midas, a novel declarative language to express multimodal interaction patterns has come up with the idea of developers required patterns description by employing multi-model interaction mechanism. The language as a base interface deals with minimum complexity issues like controlling inversion and intermediary states by means of data fusion, data processing and data selection provisioning high-level programming abstractions.
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Tang, Shouping, and Jack Kelly. "An Alternative Description of Multi-Dimensional Optics in Liquid Crystals and Uniaxial Media Solved by Operators and Sparse Linear Systems." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 478, no. 1 (December 14, 2007): 175/[931]—199/[955]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421400701686835.
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Gürbüz, Burcu, and Gerhard-Wilhelm Weber. "An Introduction to the Special Issue on Numerical Techniques Meet with OR - Part II." Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences 46, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fcds-2021-0013.
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Abstract The special issue: “Numerical Techniques Meet with OR” of the Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences consists of two parts which are of the main theme of numerical techniques and their applications in multi-disciplinary areas. The first part of this special issue was already collected in the FCDS Vol. 46, issue 1. In this second part of our special issue editorial, a description of the special issue presents numerical methods which can be used as alternative techniques for Scientific Computing and led Operational Research applications in many fields for further investigation.
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Алиева, P. Alieva, Эфендиева, and G. Efendieva. "Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of the cream "acrustal" аnd the ointments "kartalin" in the treatment of psoriasis." Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal 8, no. 1 (November 5, 2014): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7233.
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. Psoriasis is the skin disease having multi-factorial origin. One of the conditions for successful treatment is the use of traditional medicines in combination with external therapy. Alternative local treatment is the use of the therapeutic and prophylactic cream "Acrustal". The authors give a description of the clinical manifestations of psoriasis in 24 patients on a background of application of the cream "Acrustal" and the ointments "Kartalin". Therapy of psoriasis by means of the "Acrustal" contributes to the rapid achievement of the expressed clinical effect.
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de Nardis, Fabio, and Alteri Luca. "Governance multilivello e partecipazione politica: una introduzione." PARTECIPAZIONE E CONFLITTO, no. 2 (March 2009): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/paco2009-002001.
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- The introduction draws a picture of the link between multi-level governance and transnational social movement. The Authors moves from the description of governance polity as a system of political opportunities to social mobilization, then they describe both local and global dimensions, regarding as a field of conflict and legitimacy. The fourth paragraph develops a comparative analysis on two alternative Europe, the one from above (the institutional building suffering a democratic deficit), the latter from below (the process of collective learning built up by Social Forums). In the end, the last paragraph describes the guidelines of the whole Issue. Keywords: Multilevel Governance; Social Movements; Europe; Globalization; Public Sphere
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Nunn, Hilary. "Information management in practice. Case study 2." Journal of Information Science 12, no. 6 (October 1986): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016555158601200609.
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A description of Chem Systems as a chemical engineering consultancy and its general information requirements is given. The background to the purchase of INMAGIC software and its initial applications is then provided. Alternative uses of this software have been made and a number of non-typical infor mation databases have been created. These include a file detailing multi-client titles and their purchasers, a file contain ing the names and addresses of contacts (glorified mailing list) and files containing CV type information for existing staff and external consultants. Some indication is made of uses to which these files have been put. Finally, some comments regarding how an information scientist became involved in organizing these files are presented.
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FRANCO, PATRICK, JEAN-MARC OGIER, PIERRE LOONIS, and RÉMY MULLOT. "A NEW MINIMUM SPANNING TREE-BASED METHOD FOR SHAPE DESCRIPTION AND MATCHING WORKING IN DISCRETE COSINE SPACE." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 23, no. 08 (December 2009): 1657–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001409007703.
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In this article, a new minimum spanning tree-based method for shape description and matching is proposed. Its properties are checked through the problem of graphical symbols recognition. Recognition invariance in front shift and multi-oriented noisy objects was studied in the context of small and low resolution binary images. The approach seems to have many desirable properties, even if the construction of graphs induces an expensive algorithmic cost. In order to reduce time computing, an alternative solution based on image compression concepts is provided. The recognition is realized in a compact space, namely the Discrete Cosine space. The use of block discrete cosine transform is discussed and justified. The experimental results led on the GREC2003 database show that the proposed method is characterized by a good discrimination power, a real robustness to noise, with an acceptable time computing. The position with a reference approach like Zernike moments is also investigated to measure the relevance of the proposed technique.
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Jordão, Marina, Diogo Pires, Daniel Belo, Pedro Pinho, and Nuno Borges Carvalho. "3D Antenna Characterization for WPT Applications." Sensors 21, no. 13 (June 29, 2021): 4461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134461.
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The main goal of this paper is to present a three-dimensional (3D) antenna array to improve the performance of wireless power transmission (WPT) systems, as well as its characterization with over-the-air (OTA) multi-sine techniques. The 3D antenna consists of 15 antenna elements attached to an alternative 3D structure, allowing energy to be transmitted to all azimuth directions at different elevation angles without moving. The OTA multi-sine characterization technique was first utilized to identify issues in antenna arrays. However, in this work, the technique is used to identify which elements of the 3D antenna should operate to transmit the energy in a specific direction. Besides, the 3D antenna design description and its characterization are performed to authenticate its operation. Since 3D antennas are an advantage in WPT applications, the antenna is evaluated in a real WPT scenario to power an RF–DC converter, and experimental results are presented.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Multi-alternative description"
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Димко, Єгор Павлович. "Моделі та методи оптимального керування індукційним дуплекс-процесом за умов невизначеності." Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/38635.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.13.03 – системи та процеси керування. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2018. Дисертація присвячена вирішенню актуальної науково-практичної задачі – розробці методів оптимального управління в умовах невизначеності. Показана можливість побудови адекватної математичної моделі індукційного дуплекс-процесу плавки як об'єкта управління в умовах неможливості реалізації плану активного експерименту в виробничих умовах. На основі цього запропоновано для опису кінцевого стану в задачі пошуку оптимального за кінцевим станом управління використовувати результати параметричного опису за визначенням локально-оптимальних значень вхідних змінних на основі реалізації процедури рідж-аналізу. Показано, як з використанням комбінованої процедури штучної ортогоналізації за даними пасивного експерименту при довільній формі плану експерименту і центрального ортогонального планування отримати таке параметричне опис. Розв'язана задача синтезу оптимального управління індукційної плавкою в печах ІСТ1 / 0.8-М5 в умовах альтернативних стратегій і доведено, що при виборі стратегії плавлення на "болоті" фазова траєкторія буде постійно змінюватися внаслідок корекції початкового стану, що обумовлено зміною швидкості розплавлення при обраному способі управління. Показано, як оптимальне за швидкодією управління може бути отримано з використанням принципу максимуму Понтрягіна в умовах обліку невизначеності в описі початкового стану об'єкта управління. Синтезований оптимальний регулятор температурного режиму в індукційної міксері на основі мультіальтернатівного опису кінцевого стану, характерною особливістю якого є використання оптимальних рішень рідж-аналізу і параметричної класифікації температурного режиму. Показано, що такий підхід може бути застосований для блоку логічних умов при логічному синтезі комбінованої системи управління індукційним дуплекс-процесом.Thesis for the degree of candidate of technical sciences in specialty 05.13.03 – systems and control processes. – National Technical University "Kharkov Polytechnic Institute", Kharkov, 2018. The thesis is devoted to the solution of an actual scientific and practical problem – the development of optimal control methods in conditions of uncertainty. The possibility of building an adequate mathematical model of an induction duplex melting process as a control object under the conditions of impossibility of implementing an active experiment plan under production conditions is shown. Based on this, it is proposed to use the results of the parametric description by definition of the local-optimal values of the input variables based on the implementation of the ridge analysis procedure to describe the final state in the problem of finding the optimal by the final state control. It is shown how using a combined procedure of artificial orthogonalization according to a passive experiment with an arbitrary form of the experiment plan and central orthogonal planning to obtain such a parametric description. The problem of synthesizing optimal control of induction melting in IST1 / 0.8-M5 furnaces in terms of alternative strategies was solved and it was proved that when choosing a melting strategy in the “bog” phase trajectory will constantly change due to the correction of the initial state, which is caused by the change in melting rate with the selected control method. It is shown how the optimal in terms of speed control can be obtained using the Pontryagin maximum principle in terms of taking into account the uncertainty in the description of the initial state of the control object. An optimal temperature regulator was synthesized in an induction mixer based on a multi-alternative description of the final state, a characteristic feature of which is the use of optimal solutions of ridge analysis and parametric classification of the temperature regime. It is shown how such an approach can be applied to a block of logical conditions in the logical synthesis of a combined control system of an induction duplex process.
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Димко, Єгор Павлович. "Моделі та методи оптимального керування індукційним дуплекс-процесом за умов невизначеності." Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/38290.
Full textAbstract:
Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.13.03 – системи та процеси керування. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2018.
Дисертація присвячена вирішенню актуальної науково-практичної задачі – розробці методів оптимального управління в умовах невизначеності. Показана можливість побудови адекватної математичної моделі індукційного дуплекс-процесу плавки як об'єкта управління в умовах неможливості реалізації плану активного експерименту в виробничих умовах. На основі цього запропоновано для опису кінцевого стану в задачі пошуку оптимального за кінцевим станом управління використовувати результати параметричного опису за визначенням локально-оптимальних значень вхідних змінних на основі реалізації процедури рідж-аналізу. Показано, як з використанням комбінованої процедури штучної ортогоналізації за даними пасивного експерименту при довільній формі плану експерименту і центрального ортогонального планування отримати таке параметричне опис. Розв'язана задача синтезу оптимального управління індукційної плавкою в печах ІСТ1 / 0.8-М5 в умовах альтернативних стратегій і доведено, що при виборі стратегії плавлення на "болоті" фазова траєкторія буде постійно змінюватися внаслідок корекції початкового стану, що обумовлено зміною швидкості розплавлення при обраному способі управління. Показано, як оптимальне за швидкодією управління може бути отримано з використанням принципу максимуму Понтрягіна в умовах обліку невизначеності в описі початкового стану об'єкта управління. Синтезований оптимальний регулятор температурного режиму в індукційної міксері на основі мультіальтернатівного опису кінцевого стану, характерною особливістю якого є використання оптимальних рішень рідж-аналізу і параметричної класифікації температурного режиму. Показано, що такий підхід може бути застосований для блоку логічних умов при логічному синтезі комбінованої системи управління індукційним дуплекс-процесом.Thesis for the degree of candidate of technical sciences in specialty 05.13.03 – systems and control processes. – National Technical University "Kharkov Polytechnic Institute", Kharkov, 2018. The thesis is devoted to the solution of an actual scientific and practical problem – the development of optimal control methods in conditions of uncertainty. The possibility of building an adequate mathematical model of an induction duplex melting process as a control object under the conditions of impossibility of implementing an active experiment plan under production conditions is shown. Based on this, it is proposed to use the results of the parametric description by definition of the local-optimal values of the input variables based on the implementation of the ridge analysis procedure to describe the final state in the problem of finding the optimal by the final state control. It is shown how using a combined procedure of artificial orthogonalization according to a passive experiment with an arbitrary form of the experiment plan and central orthogonal planning to obtain such a parametric description. The problem of synthesizing optimal control of induction melting in IST1 / 0.8-M5 furnaces in terms of alternative strategies was solved and it was proved that when choosing a melting strategy in the "bog" phase trajectory will constantly change due to the correction of the initial state, which is caused by the change in melting rate with the selected control method. It is shown how the optimal in terms of speed control can be obtained using the Pontryagin maximum principle in terms of taking into account the uncertainty in the description of the initial state of the control object. An optimal temperature regulator was synthesized in an induction mixer based on a multi-alternative description of the final state, a characteristic feature of which is the use of optimal solutions of ridge analysis and parametric classification of the temperature regime. It is shown how such an approach can be applied to a block of logical conditions in the logical synthesis of a combined control system of an induction duplex process.
Books on the topic "Multi-alternative description"
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Tischer, Daniel, and John Hoffmire. Moving Towards 100% Employee Ownership Through ESOPs. Edited by Jonathan Michie, Joseph R. Blasi, and Carlo Borzaga. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199684977.013.20.
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The literature on Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) has developed significantly over the past decades. Yet, despite ESOPs being well conceptualized, the deals struck in the real world are often more complex endeavours than suggested. While there are examples of ESOP deals as a one-stage process, it is often the case that ownership is transferred in multiple steps financed through subordinated debt. In addressing this added complexity, we will introduce concepts of ESOPs before providing a detailed description of what an add-on transaction entails. In doing so, we are particularly interested in describing key steps with focus on the impact on business and employee-owners. The paper will provide readers with additional insights into the widely used practice of multi-tranche ESOPs. Understanding the agents involved in the process, as well as the impact and potential pitfalls of add-on transactions are crucial factors in developing ESOPs as an alternative to external buy-outs.
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Sakhuja, Vinay, and Harbir Singh Kohli. Malaria. Edited by Vivekanand Jha. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0183_update_001.
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Of the four pathogenic malarial species, clinically significant renal dysfunction is mainly associated with Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium falciparum infections.P. falciparum infection frequently causes acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI may be the sole manifestation with a complete recovery after treatment or it may be a part of multi-organ failure which is often fatal. AKI due to Plasmodium vivax infection alone or as a result of mixed infection by vivax and falciparum can also occur.‘Quartan malarial nephropathy’ has been attributed to P. malariae infection although this relationship must be regarded as not proven. It describes nephropathy occurring predominantly in children and young adults in Africa. A full-blown nephrotic syndrome is seen in about half the patients and a chronic progressive membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis is usually seen on histology. Spontaneous remission of established nephropathy is rare, and most patients slowly progress to end-stage renal failure over 3 to 5 years even after successful eradication of the infection. The pathological description is such that it could have alternative aetiologies, including other infections.
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Harris, Laura. Experiments in Exile. Fordham University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823279784.001.0001.
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Comparing the radical aesthetic and social experiments undertaken by two exile intellectuals, James and Oiticica, Harris chart a desire in their work to formulate alternative theories of citizenship, wherein common reception of popular cultural forms is linked to a potentially expanded, non-exclusive polity. By carefully analyzing the materiality of the multiply-lined, multiply voiced writing of the “undocuments” that record these social experiments and relay their prophetic descriptions of and instructions for the new social worlds they wished to forge and inhabit, however, Harris argue that their projects ultimately challenge rather than seek to rehabilitate normative conceptions of citizens and polities as well as authors and artworks. James and Oiticica’s experiments recall the insurgent sociality of “the motley crew” historians Peter Linebaugh and Marcus Rediker describe in The Many-Headed Hydra, their study of the trans-Atlantic, cross-gendered, multi-racial working class of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Reading James’s and Oiticica’s projects against the grain of Linebaugh and Rediker’s inability to find evidence of that sociality’s persistence or futurity, Harris show how James and Oiticica gravitate toward and seek to relay the ongoing renewal of dissident, dissonant social forms, which are for them always also aesthetic forms, in the barrack-yards of Port-of-Spain and the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, the assembly lines of Detroit and the streets of the New York. The formal openness and performative multiplicity that manifests itself at the place where writing and organizing converge invokes that sociality and provokes its ongoing re-invention. Their writing extends a radical, collective Afro-diasporic intellectuality, an aesthetic sociality of blackness, where blackness is understood not as the eclipse, but the ongoing transformative conservation of the motley crew’s multi-raciality. Blackness is further instantiated in the interracial and queer sexual relations, and in a new sexual metaphorics of production and reproduction, whose disruption and reconfiguration of gender structures the collaborations from which James’s and Oiticica’s undocuments emerge, orienting them towards new forms of social, aesthetic and intellectual life.
Book chapters on the topic "Multi-alternative description"
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Blanco, Marcos, Jorge Torres, Miguel Santos-Herrán, Luis García-Tabarés, Gustavo Navarro, Jorge Nájera, Dionisio Ramírez, and Marcos Lafoz. "Recent Advances in Direct-Drive Power Take-Off (DDPTO) Systems for Wave Energy Converters Based on Switched Reluctance Machines (SRM)." In Ocean Wave Energy Systems, 487–532. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78716-5_17.
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AbstractThis chapter is focused on Power Take-Off (PTO) systems for wave energy converters (WEC), being one of the most important elements since PTOs are responsible to transform the mechanical power captured from the waves into electricity. It presents Direct-Drive PTO (DDPTO) as one of the most reliable solutions to be adapted to some particular types of WEC, such as point absorbers. A discussion about modularity and adaptability, together with intrinsic characteristics of direct-drive PTOs, is also included. Among the different technologies of electric machines that can be used in direct-drive linear PTOs, switched reluctance machines (SRM) are described in further detail. In particular, the Azimuthal Multi-translator SRM is presented as a suitable solution in order to increase power density and reduce costs. Not only the electric machine, but also the associated power electronics are described in detail. The description includes the different configurations and topologies of power converters and the most appropriate control strategies. Finally, a superconducting linear generator solution is described, presenting it as a reliable alternative for the application of direct-drive PTOs. An example of concept and preliminary design is included in order to highlight the main challenges to be faced during this process.
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Girardi, Rosario, and Adriana Leite. "A Semantic Approach for Multi-Agent System Design." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, 192–218. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6485-2.ch010.
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Automating software engineering tasks is crucial to achieve better productivity of software development and quality of software products. Knowledge engineering approaches this challenge by supporting the representation and reuse of knowledge of how and when to perform a development task. Therefore, knowledge tools for software engineering can turn more effective the software development process by automating and controlling consistency of modeling tasks and code generation. This chapter introduces the description of the domain and application design phases of MADAE-Pro, an ontology-driven process for agent-oriented development, along with how reuse is performed between these sub-processes. Two case studies have been conducted to evaluate MADAE-Pro from which some examples of the domain and application design phases have been extracted and presented in this chapter. The first case study assesses the Multi-Agent Domain Design sub-process of MADAE-Pro through the design of a multi-agent system family of recommender systems supporting alternative (collaborative, content-based, and hybrid) filtering techniques. The second one evaluates the Multi-Agent Application Design sub-process of MADAE-Pro through the design of InfoTrib, a Tax Law recommender system that provides recommendations based on new tax law information items using a content-based filtering technique.
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Girardi, Rosario, and Adriana Leite. "A Semantic Approach for Multi-Agent System Design." In Intelligent Systems, 1711–39. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5643-5.ch075.
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Automating software engineering tasks is crucial to achieve better productivity of software development and quality of software products. Knowledge engineering approaches this challenge by supporting the representation and reuse of knowledge of how and when to perform a development task. Therefore, knowledge tools for software engineering can turn more effective the software development process by automating and controlling consistency of modeling tasks and code generation. This chapter introduces the description of the domain and application design phases of MADAE-Pro, an ontology-driven process for agent-oriented development, along with how reuse is performed between these sub-processes. Two case studies have been conducted to evaluate MADAE-Pro from which some examples of the domain and application design phases have been extracted and presented in this chapter. The first case study assesses the Multi-Agent Domain Design sub-process of MADAE-Pro through the design of a multi-agent system family of recommender systems supporting alternative (collaborative, content-based, and hybrid) filtering techniques. The second one evaluates the Multi-Agent Application Design sub-process of MADAE-Pro through the design of InfoTrib, a Tax Law recommender system that provides recommendations based on new tax law information items using a content-based filtering technique.
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Wolter, Uwe. "Scenarios in Event Bushes." In Advances in Web Technologies and Engineering, 76–88. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5261-1.ch003.
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This chapter presents a further step of the formalization of the event bush method by means of graphs and graph homomorphisms. First, the authors revise an analysis of the structure of event bushes by means of bipartite structure graphs that are equipped with a multi-flow structure. They consider event bushes as a compact description of a set of alternative scenarios of directed changes of environments. They give a first formalization of the concept of scenario. A snapshot describes the state of an environment, which evolves in accordance with a given scenario at a certain moment in time. A sequence of snapshots describes how an environment may evolve over time. Cartoons are maximal sequences of snapshots. The authors discuss, define, and exemplify the concepts scenario, snapshot, and cartoon.
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"Decision Support Fundamentals." In Decision Control, Management, and Support in Adaptive and Complex Systems, 1–44. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2967-7.ch001.
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Rational approaches to decision-making are classified in one of the following categories: descriptive, normative, or prescriptive. The main normative models that are presented concern value functions, expected utility and subjective expected utility. Several alternative normative frameworks that have appeared in the literature of the last thirty years particularly for attacking the problem of conflicting objectives—the analytic hierarchical process, multi-criteria decision-making movement, outranking—are described. A Framework to align decision support-driven initiatives with the decision-making vision is given in the chapter. It divides the objective-oriented systems that determine the structure of decision-making domain from the strategic actions in this domain that have to determine the decision-making process. The latter serves as the basis for defining the main objectives, which have to be achieved in the development of Decision-Making Support Systems (DMSS). A classification scheme of the main categories of such systems is suggested. The development of DMSSs depends on the accepted implementation method, architectural representation of these systems, implementation approaches and used information, communication and computer technologies. They guarantee not only the capabilities of decision-making support systems, but its characteristics as well.
Conference papers on the topic "Multi-alternative description"
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Pruliere, Etienne. "Efficient Reduced Simulation of Shell Structures With a Full Description of the Thickness: Application to Composites." In ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82524.
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Numerical simulations of composite structures are generally performed using multi-layered shell elements in the context of the finite elements method. This strategy has numerous advantages like a low computation time and the capability to reproduce the comportment of composites in most of cases. The main restriction of this approach is that it has only a coarse description of strain and stresses variations in the thickness. This approximation is no more valid when increasing the thickness, near the boundary and loading conditions and when non linear phenomena like delamination occurs in the thickness. This paper explores an alternative to shell computation using the Proper Generalized Methods based on a separated representation. The idea is to solve the full 3D solid problem separating the in-plane and the out-of-plane spaces. Practically, a classical shell mesh is used to describe the in-plane geometry and a simple 1D mesh is used to deal with the out-of-plane space. This allows to represents complex fields in the thickness without the complexity and the computation cost of a solid mesh which is particularly interesting when dealing with multi-layer composite.
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Marjanovic, Dorian. "About the Need for the Design Policy." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/dtm-48687.
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Generating knowledge about design is the goal of discipline-oriented, scientific research of the design science community. Theoretical research into engineering design has grown into field of a significant complexity. Orientation in the “jungle” of discipline-oriented research causes problems not only to new researchers but also to specialized experts due to high segmentation and multi disciplinary aspects of the matter. There have been numerous attempts to systematize the field in order to enable further research directions. An alternative approach would be to reconsider the complexity from a broader aspect. The paper gives a brief description of the current situation in the design community, and advocates for a new approach by introducing a need for comprehensive design policy. The policy of design research community has not yet been outlined. This article proposes a systems description of design policy and the process of generation and implementation.
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Souli, M., Y. Sofiane, and Lars Olovsson. "ALE and Fluid/Structure Interaction in LS-DYNA." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2870.
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Fluid-structure interactions play an important role in many different types of real-world situations and industrial applications involving large structural deformation and material or geometric nonlinearities. Numerical problems due to element distortions limit the applicability of a Lagrangian description of motion when modeling large deformation processes. An alternative technique is the multi-material Eulerian formulation for which the material flows through a mesh, fixed in space and each element is allowed to contain a mixture of different materials. The method completely avoids element distortions and it can, through an Eulerian-Lagrangian coupling algorithm, be combined with a Lagrangian description of motion for parts of the model. The Eulerian formulation is not free from numerical problems. There are dissipation and dispersion problems associated with the flux of mass between elements. In addition, many elements might be needed for the Eulerian mesh to enclose the whole space where the material will be located during the simulated event. This is where the multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation has its advantages. By translating, rotating and deforming the multi-material mesh in a controlled way, the mass flux between elements can be minimized and the mesh size can be kept smaller than in an Eulerian model. A new Fluid Structure coupling algorithms based on the penalty method is presented in this paper. The coupling algorithm and improved multi-material ALE-capabilities have made LS-DYNA an efficient tool for analyzing large deformation processes, such as bird strike events, forging operations and penetration problems and airbag simulations. This paper contains five example problems that illustrate the current features of the code.
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Gurpinar, Emre, Burak Ozpineci, and Shajjad Chowdhury. "Design, Analysis and Comparison of Insulated Metal Substrates for High Power Wide-Bandgap Power Modules." In ASME 2019 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2019-6436.
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Abstract In this technical paper, design, analysis and comparison of insulated metal substrates for high power wide-bandgap semiconductor-based power modules is discussed. The paper starts with technical description and discussion of state-of-the-art direct bonded copper substrates with different ceramic insulators such as AlN, Al2O3 and Si3N4. This is followed by introduction of insulated metal substrates, material properties and options on each layer, and design approach for high power applications. The properties of dielectric thickness, and impact on power handling capability of the substrate are discussed. Insulated metal substrate design approach for SiC MOSFET based power modules is presented. Finite element analysis-based characterization and comparison of different designs including steady-state and transient thermal response is presented. The results show that IMS is a promising alternative to DBC in high power modules with improved transient thermal performance. IMS provides flexible building structure with multi-layer stacking options and variable thicknesses at different layers.
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Kwak, Kyoung Hyun, Claus Borgnakke, and Dohoy Jung. "Fuel Sensitive Ignition Delay Models for a Local and Global Description of Direct Injection Internal Combustion Engines." In ASME 2014 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2014-5604.
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Models for ignition delay in a direct injection compression ignition engine are investigated and fuel specific properties are included to predict the effects of different fuels on the ignition delay. These models follow the Arrhenius type expression for the ignition delay modified with the oxygen concentration and Cetane number to extend the range of validity. In this investigation two fuel-sensitive spray ignition delay models are developed: a global model and a local model. The global model is based on the global combustion chamber charge properties including temperature, pressure and oxygen/fuel content. The local model is developed to account for temporal and spatial variations in properties of separated spray zones such as local temperature, oxidizer and fuel concentrations obtained by a quasi-dimensional multi-zone fuel spray model. These variations are integrated in time to predict the ignition delay. An ignition delay model is typically re-calibrated for a specific fuel being used. In this study, the global ignition delay model includes the Cetane number to capture ignition delay of various fuels. The local model uses Cetane number and local stoichiometric oxygen to fuel molar ratio. Due to those variables, the model is capable of predicting spray ignition delays for a set of fuels with a single calibration step. Experimental dataset of spray ignition delay in a constant volume chamber is used for model development and calibration. The models show a good accuracy for the predicted ignition delay of four different fuels: JP8, DF2, n-heptane and n-dodecane. The investigation revealed that the most accurate form of the models is from a calibration done for each individual fuel with only a slight decrease in accuracy when a single calibration is done for all fuels. The single calibration case is the more desirable outcome as it leads to general models that cover all the fuels. Of the two proposed models the local model has a slightly better accuracy compared to the global model. Results for both models demonstrate the improvements that can be obtained for the ignition delay model when additional fuel specific properties are included in the spray ignition model. Other alternative fuels like synthetic oxygenated fuels were included in the investigation. These fuels behave differently such that the Cetane number does not provide the same explanation for the trend in ignition delay. Though of lower accuracy, the new models do improve the predictive capability when compared with existing types of ignition delay models applied to this kind of fuels.
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Khait, Mark, and Denis Voskov. "A GPU-Based Integrated Simulation Framework for Modelling of Complex Subsurface Applications." In SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204000-ms.
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Abstract Alternative to CPU computing architectures, such as GPU, continue to evolve increasing the gap in peak memory bandwidth achievable on a conventional workstation or laptop. Such architectures are attractive for reservoir simulation, which performance is generally bounded by system memory bandwidth. However, to harvest the benefit of a new architecture, the source code has to be inevitably rewritten, sometimes almost completely. One of the biggest challenges here is to refactor the Jacobian assembly which typically involves large volumes of code and complex data processing. We demonstrate an effective and general way to simplify the linearization stage extracting complex physics-related computations from the main simulation loop and leaving only an algebraic multi-linear interpolation kernel instead. In this work, we provide the detailed description of simulation performance benefits from execution of the entire nonlinear loop on the GPU platform. We evaluate the computational performance of Delft Advanced Research Terra Simulator (DARTS) for various subsurface applications of practical interest on both CPU and GPU platforms, comparing particular workflow phases including Jacobian assembly and linear system solution with both stages of the Constraint Pressure Residual preconditioner.
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Mazumder, Sudip K., and Rajni K. Burra. "Fuel Cell Power Conditioner for Stationary Power System: Towards Optimal Design From Reliability, Efficiency, and Cost Standpoint." In ASME 2005 3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74178.
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We describe an energy-efficient, fuel cell (FC) powerconditioning system (PCS) for stationary application, which draws practically zero switching-ripple current from the FC and can potentially meet the $40/kW cost target. The PCS consists of a zero-ripple boost converter (ZRBC) followed by a soft-switched and multi-level high-frequency (HF) inverter and a single-phase cycloconverter. The zero-ripple input inductor significantly reduces the input current ripple which may be necessary to enhance the long-term durability of the fuel cell. A new phase-shifted sine-wave modulation of the multi-level high frequency inverter is proposed which results in the zero voltage turn-on (ZVS) of all four switches (without the use of any auxiliary circuit components). For such a sine-wave modulation technique a > 90 % ZVS range is obtained from 25% of the full load to full load. Further, the line-frequency switching of the cycloconverter (at close to unity power factor) results in extremely low switching losses. The intermediate high voltage DC (HVDC) bus facilitates the inclusion of power systems based on other forms of alternative-energy techniques. A cost effective 1 kW prototype of the proposed PCS is built, which achieved a high overall efficiency. We present a detailed description of the operation of the PCS along with its key features and advantages. Finally, experimental results showing the performance and operation of the PCS are demonstrated.
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Magin, Richard L., and Dumitru Baleanu. "NMR Measurements of Anomalous Diffusion Reflect Fractional Order Dynamics." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34224.
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Diffusion weighted MRI is often used to detect and stage neurodegenerative, malignant and ischemic diseases. The correlation between developing pathology and localized diffusion measurements relies on the design of selective phase encoding pulses that alter the intensity of the acquired signal according to biophysical models of spin diffusion in tissue. The most common approach utilizes a bipolar or Stejskal-Tanner gradient pulse sequence to encode the apparent diffusion coefficient as an exponential, multi-exponential or stretched exponential function of experimentally-controlled parameters. Several studies have investigated the ability of the stretched exponential to provide an improved fit to diffusion-weighted imaging data. These results were recently analyzed by establishing a direct link between water diffusion, as measured using NMR, and fractal structural models of tissues. In this paper we suggest an alternative description for stretched exponential behavior that reflects fractional order dynamics of a generalized Bloch-Torrey equation in either space or time. Such generalizations are the basis for similar anomalous diffusion phenomena observed in optical spectroscopy, polymer dynamics and electrochemistry. Here we demonstrate a correspondence between the detected NMR signal and anomalous diffusional dynamics of water through the Riesz fractional order space derivative and the Caputo form of the fractional order Riemann-Liouville time derivative.
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Cocault-Duverger, Vincent, and Brett Howard. "Pipeline Integrity Management System: A New Method for Monitoring Pipeline Structural Integrity During Offshore Pipe-Lay." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29464.
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Traditionally, the monitoring of the pipeline structural response to dynamic loads during offshore installation is performed indirectly by comparing the observed sea-states to a matrix of pre-run dynamic analysis cases. Offshore work is planned within a weather window such that the vessel’s station keeping and equipment capacities are not exceeded and pipeline integrity remains within code limits. Assessment of actual seastate offshore is subject to interpretation, possibly introducing undue conservatism with respect to pipe lay operations in some circumstances. This paper describes a proprietary pipeline integrity monitoring method for managing pipe-lay operations. Technip has developed and tested this approach to optimise installation weather windows for the company’s reel-lay vessel, Apache. The method integrates both office-based analysis and offshore real-time motion monitoring. Limiting equations, which represent pipeline stresses and tensions during pipe-lay as a function of the motion of the pipeline top connection, are defined during pre-campaign finite element analysis. Considerable time savings are achieved over conventional approaches by utilising multi-parametric optimisation techniques. Once offshore, the actual motions are measured in real-time using a motion reference unit mounted on the lay ramp. Recorded data can then be compared against pre-defined multi-variate response surface. The system provides a real-time indication of the stress and tension levels in the pipeline. It is believed this method could introduce greater accuracy to pipeline integrity management in some circumstances, which in turn could provide more accurate information for making operational decisions. This novel approach is presented together with a description of current dynamic analysis philosophy and an alternative approach made possible by recent improvements in analytical software and computer processing capabilities.
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Asinari, Pietro, Marco Coppo, Michael R. von Spakovsky, and Bhavani V. Kasula. "Numerical Simulations of Gaseous Mixture Flow in Porous Electrodes for PEM Fuel Cells by the Lattice Boltzmann Method." In ASME 2005 3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74046.
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Throughout the last decade, a considerable amount of work has been carried out in order to obtain ever more refined models of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. While many of the phenomena occurring in a fuel cell have been described with ever more complex models, the flow of gaseous mixtures in the porous electrodes has continued to be modeled with Darcy’s law in order to take into account interactions with the solid structure and with Fick’s law in order to take into account interactions among species. Both of these laws derive from the macroscopic continuum approach, which essentially consists of applying some sort of homogenization technique which properly averages the underlying microscopic phenomena for producing measurable quantities. Unfortunately, these quantities in the porous electrodes of fuel cells are sometimes measurable only in principle. For this reason, this type of approach introduces uncertain macroscopic parameters which can significantly affect the numerical results. This paper is part of an ongoing effort to address the problem following an alternative approach. The key idea is to numerically simulate the underlying microscopic phenomena in an effort to bring the mathematical description nearer to actual reality. In order to reach this goal, some recently developed mesoscopic tools appear to be very promising since the microscopic approach is in this particularly case partially included in the numerical method itself. In particular, the lattice Boltzmann models treat the problem by reproducing the collisions among particles of the same type, among particles belonging to different species, and finally among the species and the solid obstructions. Recently, a procedure based on a lattice Boltzmann model for calculating the hydraulic constant as a function of material structure and applied pressure gradient was defined and applied. This model has since been extended in order to include gaseous mixtures with different methods being considered in order to simulate the coupling strength among the species. The present paper reports the results of this extended model for PEM fuel cell applications and in particular for the analysis of the fluid flow of gaseous mixtures through porous electrodes. Because of the increasing computational needs due to both three–dimensional descriptions and multi-physics models, the need for large parallel computing is indicated and some features of this improvement are reported.
Reports on the topic "Multi-alternative description"
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Warrick, Arthur W., Gideon Oron, Mary M. Poulton, Rony Wallach, and Alex Furman. Multi-Dimensional Infiltration and Distribution of Water of Different Qualities and Solutes Related Through Artificial Neural Networks. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7695865.bard.
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The project exploits the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to describe infiltration, water, and solute distribution in the soil during irrigation. It provides a method of simulating water and solute movement in the subsurface which, in principle, is different and has some advantages over the more common approach of numerical modeling of flow and transport equations. The five objectives were (i) Numerically develop a database for the prediction of water and solute distribution for irrigation; (ii) Develop predictive models using ANN; (iii) Develop an experimental (laboratory) database of water distribution with time; within a transparent flow cell by high resolution CCD video camera; (iv) Conduct field studies to provide basic data for developing and testing the ANN; and (v) Investigate the inclusion of water quality [salinity and organic matter (OM)] in an ANN model used for predicting infiltration and subsurface water distribution. A major accomplishment was the successful use of Moment Analysis (MA) to characterize “plumes of water” applied by various types of irrigation (including drip and gravity sources). The general idea is to describe the subsurface water patterns statistically in terms of only a few (often 3) parameters which can then be predicted by the ANN. It was shown that ellipses (in two dimensions) or ellipsoids (in three dimensions) can be depicted about the center of the plume. Any fraction of water added can be related to a ‘‘probability’’ curve relating the size of the ellipse (or ellipsoid) that contains that amount of water. The initial test of an ANN to predict the moments (and hence the water plume) was with numerically generated data for infiltration from surface and subsurface drip line and point sources in three contrasting soils. The underlying dataset consisted of 1,684,500 vectors (5 soils×5 discharge rates×3 initial conditions×1,123 nodes×20 print times) where each vector had eleven elements consisting of initial water content, hydraulic properties of the soil, flow rate, time and space coordinates. The output is an estimate of subsurface water distribution for essentially any soil property, initial condition or flow rate from a drip source. Following the formal development of the ANN, we have prepared a “user-friendly” version in a spreadsheet environment (in “Excel”). The input data are selected from appropriate values and the output is instantaneous resulting in a picture of the resulting water plume. The MA has also proven valuable, on its own merit, in the description of the flow in soil under laboratory conditions for both wettable and repellant soils. This includes non-Darcian flow examples and redistribution and well as infiltration. Field experiments were conducted in different agricultural fields and various water qualities in Israel. The obtained results will be the basis for the further ANN models development. Regions of high repellence were identified primarily under the canopy of various orchard crops, including citrus and persimmons. Also, increasing OM in the applied water lead to greater repellency. Major scientific implications are that the ANN offers an alternative to conventional flow and transport modeling and that MA is a powerful technique for describing the subsurface water distributions for normal (wettable) and repellant soil. Implications of the field measurements point to the special role of OM in affecting wettability, both from the irrigation water and from soil accumulation below canopies. Implications for agriculture are that a modified approach for drip system design should be adopted for open area crops and orchards, and taking into account the OM components both in the soil and in the applied waters.