Journal articles on the topic 'Mucus externe'
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1
Murray, Harry M., Glenda M. Wright, and Gregory P. Goff. "A study of the posterior esophagus in the winter flounder, Pleuronectes americanus, and the yellowtail flounder, Pleuronectes ferruginea: morphological evidence for pregastric digestion?" Canadian Journal of Zoology 72, no. 7 (July 1, 1994): 1191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-160.
Abstract:
The morphology and the histochemistry from the mucus of the posterior esophagus of the winter flounder and the yellowtail flounder were examined using light and electron microscopy. The esophageal mucosa of both species was organized into elaborate branching folds. The epithelium consisted of a stratified layer of cuboidal cells interspersed with mucus-producing goblet cells. The cuboidal cells in the surface layer also exhibited a secretory function and were characterized by Golgi-associated granules and apical micoridges. These cells were termed esophageal surface secreting cells (ESSCs). The granules of the winter flounder ESSCs were ultrastructurally similar to mucous granules, whereas those of the yellowtail flounder were reminiscent of serous granules. Both types were analogous to those associated with salivary glands in mammals. Both goblet cells and ESSCs from the winter flounder stained positive for sulphated acid mucins, whereas in the yellowtail flounder goblet cells stained positive for sulphated and nonsulphated acid mucin combinations and ESSCs stained only for nonsulphated acid mucins. A pregastric digestive function is proposed, based upon the thick muscularis externa composed of striated circular muscle, the increased surface area due to mucosal folding, the complex histochemistry of the mucus, and the secretory nature of the ESSCs.
2
Reverter, Miriam, Nathalie Tapissier-Bontemps, David Lecchini, Bernard Banaigs, and Pierre Sasal. "Biological and Ecological Roles of External Fish Mucus: A Review." Fishes 3, no. 4 (October 9, 2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040041.
Abstract:
Fish mucus layers are the main surface of exchange between fish and the environment, and they possess important biological and ecological functions. Fish mucus research is increasing rapidly, along with the development of high-throughput techniques, which allow the simultaneous study of numerous genes and molecules, enabling a deeper understanding of the fish mucus composition and its functions. Fish mucus plays a major role against fish infections, and research has mostly focused on the study of fish mucus bioactive molecules (e.g., antimicrobial peptides and immune-related molecules) and associated microbiota due to their potential in aquaculture and human medicine. However, external fish mucus surfaces also play important roles in social relationships between conspecifics (fish shoaling, spawning synchronisation, suitable habitat finding, or alarm signals) and in interspecific interactions such as prey-predator relationships, parasite–host interactions, and symbiosis. This article reviews the biological and ecological roles of external (gills and skin) fish mucus, discussing its importance in fish protection against pathogens and in intra and interspecific interactions. We also discuss the advances that “omics” sciences are bringing into the fish mucus research and their importance in studying the fish mucus composition and functions.
3
SIMIONIUC, Anca, Alina Georgiana ANGHEL, Mihai DUMITRU, Oana Adriana ANGHEL, and Ion ANGHEL. "Left hemilaryngeal carcinoma complicated with an external laryngocele." Romanian Journal of Medical Practice 11, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjmp.2016.1.17.
Abstract:
Laryngocele represents an abnormal invagination of the mucous membrane from the Morgagni laryngeal ventricle, being filled with air and communicating with the laryngeal inlet. The symptoms are intermittent, with recurrent episodes of dysphonia and airway insufficiency. Exceptionally, the wall of the cyst could become malignant. This case was reported given the association between laryngeal carcinoma and external laryngocele.
4
Et al., AL –Nakeeb. "Comparative Histological Study of the Stomach in Two Species of Iraqi Vertebrates (Magpie Pica pica L. and Small Asian Mongoose Herpestes javanicus E.)." Baghdad Science Journal 16, no. 2 (June 2, 2019): 0281. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.16.2.0281.
Abstract:
A histological study showed the wall of the stomach in Pica pica and Herpestes javanicus consists of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa. Also, the present study showed many differences in the histological structures of the stomach for each in both types. The stomach of P. pica consists of two portions: the proventiculus and gizzard, while the stomach of H. javanicus consists of three portions: cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions. The mucosa layer formed short gastric folds, named plicae. In the proventiculus of P. pica, sulcus is found between each two plicae, but the folds called gastric pits in the gizzard, which are full with koilin. Lamina properia in both types contained gastric glands (straight simple tubular glands) named superficial glands, as well as another gastric gland found in the submucosa layer of the proventiculus in P. pica only named deep gastric glands. The gastric gland in the stomach of H. javanicus contained: mucous neck cells and parietal cells positive to AB/PAS stains in cardiac portion, as well as chief cells in fundic portion, but pyloric portion had just mucous neck cells. Muscularis externa in both types formed two muscle layers: inner and outer layer.
5
Et al., AL –Nakeeb. "Comparative Histological Study of the Stomach in Two Species of Iraqi Vertebrates (Magpie Pica pica L. and Small Asian Mongoose Herpestes javanicus E.)." Baghdad Science Journal 16, no. 2 (June 2, 2019): 0281. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2019.16.2.0281.
Abstract:
A histological study showed the wall of the stomach in Pica pica and Herpestes javanicus consists of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa. Also, the present study showed many differences in the histological structures of the stomach for each in both types. The stomach of P. pica consists of two portions: the proventiculus and gizzard, while the stomach of H. javanicus consists of three portions: cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions. The mucosa layer formed short gastric folds, named plicae. In the proventiculus of P. pica, sulcus is found between each two plicae, but the folds called gastric pits in the gizzard, which are full with koilin. Lamina properia in both types contained gastric glands (straight simple tubular glands) named superficial glands, as well as another gastric gland found in the submucosa layer of the proventiculus in P. pica only named deep gastric glands. The gastric gland in the stomach of H. javanicus contained: mucous neck cells and parietal cells positive to AB/PAS stains in cardiac portion, as well as chief cells in fundic portion, but pyloric portion had just mucous neck cells. Muscularis externa in both types formed two muscle layers: inner and outer layer.
6
Marwa Jamal Hussain Al Kinany. "Histological Study of Esophagus in White Breasted Kingfisher (Halcyon symernensis)." Journal of Wasit for Science and Medicine 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/jwsm.416.
Abstract:
Study targeted to clarification the microscopic features of the esophagus structure in (white breasted kingfisher) bird Halcyon smyrnensis, which is primarily piscivorous, through studying of various histological modifications such as relative development of mucosal folds, mucous-secreting glands and musculature have been shown to be correlated with the specific feeding habits of studying bird. Histological study was conducted on ten adult healthy birds during the period from March to May of 2016 in the Animal House of the College of Science / University of Wasit. The results showed that the esophagus kingfisher birds characterized as a thin flexible muscular tube. The most important characteristic of the installation of the esophagus in a bird Kingfisher histologically that the wall of the esophagus found to be composed of only three layers or tunics: mucous, muscular and adventitious arranged from the inside to outside, referring to the absence of tunica submucosa. Microscopic observation of first mucosal layer of esophageal wall showed that it was consists of lamina propria, epithelia and groups of longitudinal folds without discrimination for presence of muscularis mucosae. Mucosal layer of esophagus wall lined by epithelium of non- keratinized stratified squamous epithelium tissue. Lamina propria noticed to compose of numerous mucous esophageal glands. The histological study of esophageal wall also indicated to the absence of submucosa layer because the difficulty to distinguish from the lamina propria. The second tunica tunica a muscularis externa composed of smooth muscle fibers arranged into two secondary layers, inner circular layer and an outer longitudinal layer. In addition to the mentioned tunics it's found a third layer surrounding the muscularis externa consisted of nerve fibers, and fatty cells known adventitia.
7
Yurochko, Fedir, and Dzwinka Kopanska. "All about otorrhoea." OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, No1-2(5) 2022 (May 11, 2022): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2022-1-62.
Abstract:
Otorrhoea is a symptom of the presence or leakage of secretions (sulfur, blood, pus, mucus, cerebrospinal fluid or even saliva) from the ear. Otorrhea is an important symptom of ear disease, or may be a manifestation of the spread of diseases in the external auditory canal from the ear. The cause of otorrhoea can be determined in most cases after the history and examination of the patient. The most common causes of purulent otorrhoea are acute otitis externa or acute otitis media. Chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma should be remembered as a lifethreatening condition. Patients with otorrhoea are mostly outpatient and do not require inpatient treatment. Understanding the cause of otorrhoea will help establish the correct diagnosis and prescribe the right effective treatment.
8
Cho, Jeong-Hyeon, Jin Woo Park, Yong-Woon Ryu, Kang-Woong Kim, and Sang-Woo Hur. "Morphology, Histology, and Histochemistry of the Digestive Tract of the Marbled Flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae." Animals 13, no. 5 (March 5, 2023): 936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13050936.
Abstract:
This study investigated the morphological, histological, and histochemical characteristics of the digestive tract of the marbled flounder (Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae). The relative length of the gut of the marbled flounder digestive tract was 1.54 ± 0.10 (n = 20), and it had a simple stomach and 6–9 pyloric caeca. The mucosal folds of the marbled flounder digestive tract exhibited a general branched morphology. The thickness and mucosal fold length of the intestinal muscularis externa showed similar aspects in all areas. The thickness of the intestinal muscularis externa was the thickest in the posterior intestine portion, and the length of mucosal folds was the longest in the anterior intestine portion. It was indicated that food digested by gastric acid in the stomach moves to the anterior portion (including pyloric caeca) and mid portion of the intestine, ensuring effective stimulation of cholecystokinin (CCK)-producing cells. In addition, the distribution pattern of CCK-producing cells in the intestine was very similar to that of mucus-secreting goblet cells. The CCK-producing cells and goblet cells in the marbled flounder were well-adapted to promote optimal control of the digestive process. Based on the morphological and histochemical studies, it was concluded that the marbled flounder displays a digestive tract comparable to that of fish species with carnivorous habits.
9
Avila, C. G., and R. Harding. "The Development of the Gastrointestinal System in Fetal Sheep in the Absence of Ingested Fluid." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 12, no. 1 (January 1991): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1991.tb10193.x.
Abstract:
SummaryOur aim was to determine the effects of preventing the passage of ingested fluid on the development of the digestive tract in fetal sheep. The esophagus was fistulated and ligated in six fetuses at 90 days of gestation (term = 145 days); vascular catheters were implanted at day 120. Six control fetuses had vascular catheters implanted at day 120. At autopsy (day 135), although fetal body weights were similar in both groups, the abdominal girth and weights of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and pancreas were reduced in experimental fetuses. In the gastric (abomasal) fundus and antrum, there was evidence of altered mucus composition in epithelial cells, a decrease in thickness of the muscularis externa, and an increase in thickness of the mucosa and its components. In the duodenum, there were significant changes in the thickness of most components of the wall; Brunner's glands were greatly reduced in size or were absent. Glandular cells contained less mucus in comparison to controls. In the proximal small intestine, there were significant reductions in the thickness of most components of the wall, and epithelial cell migration was retarded, resulting in a longer renewal time for villous cells. In the distal small intestine, the diameter of the intestine and submucosal and epithelial cell migration rate were significantly decreased in the experimental group. In summary, the absence of the passage of ingested fluid in fetal sheep restricts the growth and development of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and pancreas.
10
Eyigor, H., E. A. Cetinkaya, D. T. Coban, G. Ozturk, and Ö. Erdem. "Sinonasal effects of external dacryocystorhinostomy." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 135, no. 9 (July 13, 2021): 791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221512100181x.
Abstract:
AbstractObjectiveExternal dacryocystorhinostomy is thought to cause mucociliary dysfunction by damaging the mucosa, in turn affecting ciliary activity and mucus quality. This study investigated the effect of external dacryocystorhinostomy on sinonasal function.MethodsPatients scheduled for unilateral external dacryocystorhinostomy who underwent endoscopic nasal examination and paranasal sinus computed tomography were included in this study. A saccharine test was performed on the planned surgical side and the mucociliary clearance time was determined. The sinonasal quality of life was measured in all patients, pre-operatively and at six months post-operatively, using the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22. The Lund–Kennedy endoscopic score was also determined in all patients, both pre- and post-operatively.ResultsThe study comprised 28 patients (22 females and 6 males). A statistically significant difference was found between the pre- and post-operative saccharine test results (p = 0.006), but not between the pre- and post-operative Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 scores (p > 0.05).ConclusionThis study is one of only a few to investigate the effect of external dacryocystorhinostomy on sinonasal function. The results showed that external dacryocystorhinostomy impairs mucociliary clearance. The surgical procedure is well tolerated and does not significantly change nasal symptom scores.
11
Tsunoda, Akira, Tomoko Takahashi, Yuma Yagi, and Hiroshi Kusanagi. "Rectal intussusception and external rectal prolapse are common at proctography in patients with mucus discharge." Journal of the Anus, Rectum and Colon 2, no. 4 (October 25, 2018): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.23922/jarc.2018-003.
12
Cipriano, Rocco C., Larisa A. Ford, and Thomas E. Jones. "Relationship Between Resistance of Salmonids to Furunculosis and Recovery of Aeromonas salmonicida From External Mucus." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 30, no. 4 (October 1994): 577–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-30.4.577.
13
Martyniuk, Kamila, Natalia Ziółkowska, Maria Hanuszewska-Dominiak, Natalia Szyryńska, and Bogdan Lewczuk. "Histology and Ultrastructure of the Esophagus in European Beaver (Castor fiber) Displays Features Adapted to Seasonal Changes in Diet." Animals 13, no. 4 (February 11, 2023): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13040635.
Abstract:
The European beaver is a herbivorous rodent whose diet changes seasonally, and in winter consists of large quantities of woody plants. It is distinguished among other mammals by a unique organization of the stomach that comprises the cardiogastric gland and by the unusual process of mucus formation in the gastric mucosa. The aim of study was to (i) characterize the structure of the beaver esophagus with particular attention to the mucosal epithelium; (ii) compare the histological structure of the esophagi collected in spring, summer, and winter; (iii) provide preliminary data on the structure of the esophagus in beaver fetuses. The study was conducted on esophagi of 18 adult beavers captured in Poland in April, August, and December, and on 3 fetal organs. The results obtained in adults show that the mucosa is lined with thick stratified squamous keratinized epithelium with a structure similar to that of the skin epidermis. Ultrastructural studies reveal the presence of multiple lamellar and non-lamellar bodies in granular cells, whose morphology and location gradually change while reaching the upper epithelial layers. The muscularis mucosa comprises a layer of longitudinally oriented bundles of smooth muscle cells. Both mucosa and submucosa do not comprise any glands. The thick muscularis externa consists mainly of internal circular and external longitudinal layers of striated muscle fibers. The keratinized layer of mucosa epithelium was 2-3-fold thicker in esophagi collected in winter than in those collected in spring and summer, while the epithelial cell layer thickness remained unchanged regardless of the season. Immunolabeling for proliferating cell nuclear antigen shows a higher index of epithelium proliferation in esophagi collected in winter than in spring and summer. No seasonal differences were noted in other layers of the esophagus. Fetal organs have epithelium covered with a keratinized layer, thinner than in adults, and the muscularis externa comprises both striated and smooth muscle cells.
14
Naser, Hazem Kareem, Najah Hashim Hassan, and Adnan Waheed Albideri. "Anatomical and histological study of the stomach of abomasum of one humped camels (Camelus dromedaries) adult." Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2011): 64–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36326/kjvs/2011/v2i14032.
Abstract:
The current investigation comprised histological study of fourth compartment (abomasums) of one humped camel’s stomach in adult animals, were included (5) specimens from adults were used.The histological study of fourth compartment (abomasums) of stomach revealed that it lined simple columnar epithelium, it was noted that the lamina propria composed of loose connective tissue. In the same direction, the results referred that there were three regions in the Lamina propria of fourth compartment, the cardiac region has cardiac glands, fundic region has fundic glands, in which gastric cells were found including mucous neck cells, chief cells, argentaffin cells & parietal cells which constitutes the vast majority of gastric cells. The third region was the pyloric region which contained pyloric glands. The result also showed that all the gastric glands besides the mucous neck cells gave a positive reaction with (PAS) reagent. The muscularis mucosae appeared more developed in the fourth compartment in which it consisted of an inner layer of circularly arranged muscle fibers, and an outer longitudinal layer. The submucosa was observed consisted of loose connective tissue with different types of blood vessels, fibroblasts & small lymphocyte. The smooth muscle fibers of muscularis externa consisted of an inner layer in which the muscle fibers are arranged circularly & an outer layer in which the fibers run longitudinally. Covering the muscle coat, there is the outermost serous layer which made up of loose connective tissue contained fibroblasts, collagenous & elastic fibers.
15
Naser, Hazem Kareem, Najah Hashim Hassan, and Adnan Waheed Albideri. "Anatomical and histological study of the stomach of abomasum of one humped camels (Camelus dromedaries) adult." Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2011): 64–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36326/kjvs/2011/v2i14032.
Abstract:
The current investigation comprised histological study of fourth compartment (abomasums) of one humped camel’s stomach in adult animals, were included (5) specimens from adults were used.The histological study of fourth compartment (abomasums) of stomach revealed that it lined simple columnar epithelium, it was noted that the lamina propria composed of loose connective tissue. In the same direction, the results referred that there were three regions in the Lamina propria of fourth compartment, the cardiac region has cardiac glands, fundic region has fundic glands, in which gastric cells were found including mucous neck cells, chief cells, argentaffin cells & parietal cells which constitutes the vast majority of gastric cells. The third region was the pyloric region which contained pyloric glands. The result also showed that all the gastric glands besides the mucous neck cells gave a positive reaction with (PAS) reagent. The muscularis mucosae appeared more developed in the fourth compartment in which it consisted of an inner layer of circularly arranged muscle fibers, and an outer longitudinal layer. The submucosa was observed consisted of loose connective tissue with different types of blood vessels, fibroblasts & small lymphocyte. The smooth muscle fibers of muscularis externa consisted of an inner layer in which the muscle fibers are arranged circularly & an outer layer in which the fibers run longitudinally. Covering the muscle coat, there is the outermost serous layer which made up of loose connective tissue contained fibroblasts, collagenous & elastic fibers.
16
Krivosheev, Alexandr B., Tamara V. Ermachenko, Pavel P. Khavin, Inga A. Krivosheeva, and Dmitry V. Morozov. "Lyell´s syndrome provoked by external drug use." Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases 24, no. 1 (July 16, 2021): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/dv62377.
Abstract:
Lyells syndrome is rare. Up to 10 cases are registered per million population per year. The mortality rate for Lyells syndrome is 512%.
Two patients were observed aged, respectively, 38 years and 72 years with Lyells syndrome. The disease manifested itself against the background of local application of drugs. In one case ― Dolobens gel as an analgesic at the site of a bruise of the right hand. In another case, a 20% solution of chlorohxidin biogluconate as a mouth rinse for stomatitis. The first symptoms of the disease occurred locally at the site of application of these medicines. In the first case, the skin of the right hand, in the second ― the mucous membrane of the mouth. The outcome of the disease depended on early diagnosis, urgent hospitalization in a specialized department, from the area of skin lesions, the appointment of adequate therapy.
Lyells syndrome can occur at any age, and the risk of developing the disease increases in those over the age of 40. In the elderly, SL in terms of the first symptoms and rate of disease progression, the nature of skin and mucous membrane lesions does not have any fundamental differences with those in younger patients. The distinctive features and risk factors of Lyells syndrome in the elderly include, firstly, its occurrence against the background of the already formed comorbid age-related pathology of internal organs, secondly, the concomitant age-related pathology during the development of an acute toxic-allergic reaction is decompensated, a multiorgan failure is formed, which is the cause of more severe Lyells syndrome and higher mortality. In young people, a comorbid viral infection can be considered a risk factor, especially the combination of HIV-infection and chronic hepatitis C.
17
Lebedeva, Nina Yevgen'evna, Milda Zita Vosylienė, and Tamara Vasil'evna Golovkina. "The Study of Effects of Toxicants and Heliophysical Factors on Biochemical Parameters of External Mucus in Carp." Acta Zoologica Lituanica 12, no. 2 (January 2002): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13921657.2002.10512495.
18
Sidebotham, Ramon L., Mulugeta L. Worku, Q. Najma Karim, Nirmal K. Dhir, and J. Hugh Baron. "How Helicobacter pylori urease may affect external pH and influence growth and motility in the mucus environment." European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 15, no. 4 (April 2003): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042737-200304000-00010.
19
Goli, M., E. Ayen, S. Hassanzadeh, and M. H. Khadem Anssari. "Relationship between plasma concentrations of estradiol-17β and progesterone and the distribution of epithelial and inflammatory cells in the external opening of the river buffaloes’ uterine cervix during the gestational period." BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 24, no. 3 (2021): 365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2019-0081.
Abstract:
Changes in the distribution of the epithelial and inflammatory cells in the external opening of the uterine cervix in river buffaloes at three different occasions during the gestation period were investigated by light microscopic evaluation of mucus smears prepared by wet swab sampling and Giemsa-stained. Forty five pregnant river buffaloes that were in the first (n=15), second (n=15) and third (n=15) approximately equal parts of their gestation period were sampled twice concurrently by individual wet swabs from the external opening of the uterine cervix. Five smears were prepared from each sample. Immediately after mucus sampling, blood samples were obtained from the jugular vein of each animal, centrifuged immediately and stored at -20 oC to assay the plasma levels of estradiol-17β and progesterone. The results showed that changes in the percentage of the vacuolated and non-vacuolated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and basophils were not statistically significant between the groups, which suggests that as the pregnancy progressed, changes in the blood levels of estradiol-17β and progesterone had little or no effect on the distribution of these cells in the region, but changes in the percentage of neutrophils were statistically significant between the groups. It was also found that changes in the percentage of macrophages between the second and third trimesters of the gestation period were not significant, but the difference between the first and the other trimesters was statistically significant. It was concluded that the percentages of neutrophils and macrophages increase significantly as the plasma concentrations of progesterone decrease during the gestation.
20
Yu, Nannan, and Renting Li. "Professor Renting Li’s Combination of Internal and External Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Radiation Enteritis." Proceedings of Anticancer Research 5, no. 6 (November 30, 2021): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/par.v5i6.2785.
Abstract:
Radiotherapy is a common treatment for abdominal and pelvic malignancies with bone metastases. However, some patients develop radiation enteritis (RE) during the treatment or 2 months or more after the treatment, which seriously affects their quality of life. At present, the curative effect of western medicine is poor. Professor Renting Li believes that radiation kills tumor cells but at the same time, it damages the healthy Qi of the human body. Radiation causes heat and poison to accumulate in the intestinal tract, consumes and hurts Yin fluid, burns the vein, leads to deficiency of healthy Qi and poor detoxification, as well as cause blood stasis after a period of time. All these result in the combination of heat, blood stasis, and poison, manifesting as abdominal pain, diarrhea, mucus in stools, purulent and bloody stools, etc. Therefore, Professor Renting Li proposed the use of traditional Chinese medicine retention enema combined with oral traditional Chinese medicine to reduce symptoms, remove toxins, and improve the quality of life of patients.
21
Lu, W., J. Zabuli, T. Kuroiwa, T. Tanaka, and H. Kamomae. "Effect of Intrauterine Infusion with Liquid Paraffin on Phagocytes Migrating to Mucus of External os of the Cervix in Cows." Reproduction in Domestic Animals 46, no. 4 (December 30, 2010): 602–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01709.x.
22
Bakshi, Jyotsana, Somnath Singh, and K. P. Mishra. "External Factors Affecting Gastrointestinal Barrier and Mucosal Immunity at High Altitude." Defence Life Science Journal 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.9.19448.
Abstract:
High altitude regions above 2,700 meters pose unique physiological challenges to travellers, including hypoxia caused by decreased oxygen levels. Gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and anorexia are common in high altitude sojourners. The gastrointestinal barrier is composed of epithelial cells connected with tight junctions, desmosomes, and covered with a thick layer of mucous. The mucosal and immunological barriers work together to regulate intestinal homeostasis and prevent harmful pathogens from entering the system. Any damage to the gastrointestinal barrier can lead to an increase in permeability which can cause harmful microbial toxins and unwanted substances to enter the bloodstream, triggering an inflammatory response. External factors such as hypoxia and intense physical workouts at high altitude can disrupt the barrier and lead to inflammation and microbial dysbiosis, which changes the normal population of gut microbiota and can cause gastrointestinal discomfort. This review aims to examine the effects of these external factors on the gastrointestinal barrier and highlights the importance of therapeutic and dietary interventions to manage high altitude induced mucosal barrier dysfunction and restore immunological homeostasis of the gut.
23
Journal, Baghdad Science. "Histological and Histochemical study of the Esophagus in Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis." Baghdad Science Journal 12, no. 4 (December 6, 2015): 657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.12.4.657-664.
Abstract:
The present study represent the histological and histochemical structure of the esophagus of laughing dove Streptopelia senegalensis, one of the wild birds, which feed on the seeds( grainvorous).The result showed that the esophagus long tubular quit wide and highly distensible organ situated at the right side of the nick , lie between pharynx and stomach it was divided into cervical and thoracic part , the cervical part longer than the thoracic part, and the crop was merely enlargement fusiform in shape which located at the entrance of the thorax. Esophagus parts showed that composed of four layer ;the mucosa, sub mucosa, muscular and adventitia or serosa, the mucosal layer was arranged in folds which was longer in the cervical part and constituted by nonkertenized stratified squamous epithelium ,the lamina propria had esophageal glands in the the thoracic part only .The submucosa composed of a thin layer of connective tissue , muscularis externa consists of two layers of smooth muscle fibers, which were an inner circular layer and an outer longitudinal layer which was surrounded by adventitia or serosa .The histochemical result showed the glands positive reaction with (PAS) dye and the mucous layer of the wall of the esophagus showed positive with Alcian blue -PAS dye as well as with Mercuric bromophenol blue dye, esophageal glands did not show a positive reaction with the last dye.
24
Hasoon, Khawla K., and Mukhtar K. Haba. "Histological and Histochemical study of the Esophagus in Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis." Baghdad Science Journal 12, no. 4 (December 6, 2015): 657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2015.12.4.657-664.
Abstract:
The present study represent the histological and histochemical structure of the esophagus of laughing dove Streptopelia senegalensis, one of the wild birds, which feed on the seeds( grainvorous).The result showed that the esophagus long tubular quit wide and highly distensible organ situated at the right side of the nick , lie between pharynx and stomach it was divided into cervical and thoracic part , the cervical part longer than the thoracic part, and the crop was merely enlargement fusiform in shape which located at the entrance of the thorax. Esophagus parts showed that composed of four layer ;the mucosa, sub mucosa, muscular and adventitia or serosa, the mucosal layer was arranged in folds which was longer in the cervical part and constituted by nonkertenized stratified squamous epithelium ,the lamina propria had esophageal glands in the the thoracic part only .The submucosa composed of a thin layer of connective tissue , muscularis externa consists of two layers of smooth muscle fibers, which were an inner circular layer and an outer longitudinal layer which was surrounded by adventitia or serosa .The histochemical result showed the glands positive reaction with (PAS) dye and the mucous layer of the wall of the esophagus showed positive with Alcian blue -PAS dye as well as with Mercuric bromophenol blue dye, esophageal glands did not show a positive reaction with the last dye.
25
Shimada, A., T. Adachi, T. Umemura, K. Kohno, Y. Sakaguchi, and C. Itakura. "A Pathologic and Bacteriologic Study on Otitis Media in Swine." Veterinary Pathology 29, no. 4 (July 1992): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098589202900408.
Abstract:
A pathologic and bacteriologic study on otitis media in swine was performed on 237 swine, ranging in age from 1 day to 1 year. These 237 swine from eight selected farms were slaughtered due to unfavorable prognosis associated with clinical signs of illness. One hundred sixty-three (68.8%) of the 237 swine were found to be affected with otitis, though only a few swine showed clinical signs characteristic of the disease. One hundred fifty-one (63.7%), 53 (22.4%), and 39 (16.5%) had lesions in the middle, external, and internal ear, respectively. Of the 151 cases with otitis media, bilateral and unilateral infection accounted for 114 (75.5%) and 37 (24.5%), respectively. Only 5/53 swine with otitis externa and 6/39 swine with otitis interna failed to show otitis media. All swine with infection in the tympanic cavity had inflammatory lesions in the auditory tube. Examination of the swine grouped by age revealed that, regardless of age, incidence of otitis media was 50–70%. In swine younger than 1 month old, otitis media tended to center on the auditory tube, where a mild infiltration of neutrophils into the mucous membrane was frequent. Thereafter, otitis media increased in degree and extent with age. Forty (26.5%) of the 151 swine affected with otitis media were accompanied by a substantial amount of inflammatory exudate in the tympanic cavity and bulla. Purulent exudate was found in 20/40 (50%) swine. Severe otitis media prevailed in swine between 1 and 4 months of age, showing inspissation of a suppurative exudate in the tympanic cavity and lysis of the underlying osseous wall of the tympanic bulla with subsequent fibrosis. Microorganisms, such as Pasteurella multocida, coryneform group E, and Actinomyces pyogenes, were the prominent isolates from the exudate in the tympanic cavity or in the tympanic bulla of the 19 swine examined. Most cases of otitis externa and interna (the latter infection frequently [22/23] extended to the brain) were associated with severe otitis media. Based on these results, otitis media prevails from the early stages of life and occurs first as an acute inflammation in the auditory tube, and then extends to the other components of the ear and the brain.
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Wood, Sarah E., L. G. Willoughby, and G. W. Beakes. "Experimental studies on uptake and interaction of spores of the Saprolegnia diclina-parasitica complex with external mucus of brown trout (Salmo trutta)." Transactions of the British Mycological Society 90, no. 1 (January 1988): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1536(88)80181-5.
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Li, Benjamin, and Yu Feng. "In Silico Study to Enhance Delivery Efficiency of Charged Nanoscale Nasal Spray Aerosols to the Olfactory Region Using External Magnetic Fields." Bioengineering 9, no. 1 (January 16, 2022): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9010040.
Abstract:
Various factors and challenges are involved in efficiently delivering drugs using nasal sprays to the olfactory region to treat central nervous system diseases. In this study, computational fluid dynamics was used to simulate nasal drug delivery to (1) examine effects on drug deposition when various external magnetic fields are applied to charged particles, (2) comprehensively study effects of multiple parameters (i.e., particle aerodynamic diameter; injection velocity magnitude, angle, and position; magnetic force strength and direction), and (3) determine how to achieve the optimal delivery efficiency to the olfactory epithelium. The Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations governed airflow, with a realistic inhalation waveform implemented at the nostrils. Particle trajectories were modeled using the one-way coupled Euler–Lagrange model. A current-carrying wire generated a magnetic field to apply force on charged particles and direct them to the olfactory region. Once drug particles reached the olfactory region, their diffusion through mucus to the epithelium was calculated analytically. Particle aerodynamic diameter, injection position, and magnetic field strength were found to be interconnected in their effects on delivery efficiency. Specific combinations of these parameters achieved over 65-fold higher drug delivery efficiency compared with uniform injections with no magnetic fields. The insight gained suggests how to integrate these factors to achieve the optimal efficiency.
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СЕЙДИНОВ, Ш. М., А. З. КУСАИНОВ, В. Р. ТАИРОВ, Д. Р. СУЛТАНОВ, and М. Т. ДУЙСЕБАЕВ. "TREATMENT OF HEMANGIOMAS IN CHILDREN OF EXTERNAL LOCALIZATION." Farmaciâ Kazahstana, no. 4 (September 16, 2022): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.53511/pharmkaz.2022.26.79.016.
Abstract:
В данной статье представлены результаты лечения 42 пациентов от 28-дневного возраста до 4 лет, которые лечились гемангиомой, с локализацией на поверхности кожи, путем криодеструкции и склеротерапии в 2010-2018 годах. Хотя гемангиома является доброкачественной опухолью, она известна своим быстрым ростом и агрессивным, иногда быстрым ростом окружающих тканей, нанося косметический и функциональный дефект. Наиболее сложным для лечения является локализация патологического процесса в области носа, губ, слизистой оболочки полости рта, век, ушей и половых органов. Лечение детей с гемангиомой следует начинать как можно раньше - с момента установления диагноза. Необходимо отказаться от принципа откладывания лечения детей с гемангиомой на позднее время. Регрессия гемангиомы не превышает 3%, поэтому доверять нельзя, особенно на современном этапе. Самоизлечение гемангиомы встречается крайне редко, поэтому должно рассматриваться как исключение. The article shows the results of treatment of 42 patients from 28 days to 4 years with hemangiomas integument cryodestruction between 2010 and 2016. Hemangiomas are benign and even tumors, often at the beginning of their development have a rapid, aggressive, and sometimes lightning, increasing the destruction of surrounding tissues, causing the braid as the arithmetic and functional damage. Most diffi cult to treat is the localization of the pathological process in the region but sa, lips, mucous membranes of the mouth, eyelids, ears and genitals. Treatment of hemangiomas in children should begin as soon as possible after diagnosis. We must renounce the expectant management of hemangiomas in children integument. You should never rely on spontaneous regression of angiomas, which does not exceed 3%. Self-healing hemangiomas, especially at the present stage, occurs rarely and such cases should be regarded as an exception.
29
Nakagawa, Hiroki, Noriyuki Enomoto, and Makio Asakawa. "Occurrence of glycosidases and enzymatic properties of .BETA.-N-acetylhexosaminidases in the external mucous materials of various fishes." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 53, no. 6 (1987): 1039–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.53.1039.
30
Karpova, A. V. "The use of local anesthesia on the mucous membrane of the external genital organs when performing aesthetic correction." Ambulatornaya khirurgiya = Ambulatory Surgery (Russia) 18, no. 2 (November 24, 2021): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/1995-1477-2021-18-2-46-52.
31
Sachuk, R. M. "Determination of toxicity indicators and assessment of the sensibilizing action of the preparation for the external use ‘Ointment for wounds’." Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety 5, no. 3 (September 16, 2019): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36016/jvmbbs-2019-5-3-5.
Abstract:
The purpose of the work is a determination of toxicity and sensitizing effects of a new external preparation ‘Ointment for wounds’, based on the essential oils of Siberian pine, eucalypt, tea-tree, cedar, clove, and oil solution of chlorophyllite. The experimental study was performed on rats weighing 160–190 g, 2–3 months of age and mice weighing 18–21 g, 3 months of age. At the stages of preclinical study, it was determined acute and subacute effects of the drug, when administrated on the skin and directly into the stomach of experimental animals. The skin-irritant effect of the phytopreparation was investigated when applied to the skin and buccal mucous membrane. The sensitizing effect of the ointment was evaluated by reproducing local reactions. The acute toxicity assessment was performed on the survival rate of laboratory animals after oral administration of the preparation at doses from 5,000 to 25,000 mg/kg of body weight, with 5,000 units increments. Subacute toxicity in the experiment was evaluated by the dynamics of morphological and biochemical parameters of blood and the study of the coefficients of laboratory animals’ internal organs mass. It was found that the introduction of the drug ‘Ointment for wounds’ in the stomach did not cause significant changes in the behavior of rats, all animals remained alive. Studies have shown the absence of skin-irritant effect of the preparation, as well as the absence of irritant effect on the buccal mucous membrane. Even in a long-term experiment to study subacute toxicity when applied to the skin, no toxic effects of the preparation on the basis of essential oils and oil solution chlorophyllite of were found. The index sensitizing effect of the preparation was less than one, indicating the absence of sensitizing effect. According to the classification of substances by toxicity and danger (requirements of SOU 85.2-37-736:2011 and GOST 12.1.007-76) belong to hazard class IV. In general, ‘Ointment for wounds’ does not have a toxic effect on the functions of vital organs, and at repeated administration is almost harmless
32
Pantazidou, G., ME Dimitrakopoulou, C. Kotsalou, J. Velissari, and A. Vantarakis. "Risk Analysis of Otitis Externa (Swimmer’s Ear) in Children Pool Swimmers: A Case Study from Greece." Water 14, no. 13 (June 21, 2022): 1983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14131983.
Abstract:
Otitis is an ear inflammation characterized by an accumulation of polluted fluids in the ear, inflating the drum, causing ear pain, and draining the mucous membrane (pus) into the ear canal if the drum is perforated. Swimmer’s otitis, also known as acute external otitis, is a medical condition that frequently affects competitive swimmers. The risk factor analysis study was based on data obtained between May 2018 and May 2019 from four public swimming pools in Patras, Achaia. A checklist was created to evaluate the pools’ operational conditions, and it included information on the pools’ sanitation as well as swimming pool hygiene guidelines. In addition, a questionnaire was devised to collect data on pool swimmers’ use of the pools. Microbiological testing of the pool water was done ahead of time, and data on external otitis cases from hospitals was gathered. Based on this information, a risk factor analysis was conducted. Gender, weight, and age do not appear to have an impact on the number of otitis media cases that occur because of swimming in the pools. There is also no statistically significant link between episodes and the frequency of otitis events in locker rooms, restrooms, or swimming pools. The frequency with which swimmers utilize the pool, rather than the pool’s microbial burden, is the most significant determinant in otitis episodes. Furthermore, there is no statistically significant link between chlorine odor and otitis episodes. Additionally, several abnormalities in the ear or the child’s history do not appear to affect otitis episodes. More research is needed to determine whether infections are linked to microbial load or if other factors are responsible for the emergence of waterborne infections.
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Milani, Alessandro, Annalisa Pace, Giannicola Iannella, Alessandro Corsi, Salvatore Cocuzza, Antonino Maniaci, Antonio Greco, and Giuseppe Magliulo. "Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa: Rare Bilateral External Auditory Canal Stenosis and Surgical Treatment." Clinical Medicine Insights: Case Reports 15 (January 2022): 117954762211311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11795476221131196.
Abstract:
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a family of rare genetic disorders affecting the skin and mucous membranes, causing blisters and lesions. Its treatment is based on the prevention of traumatic events that could favor the onset of blisters as well as careful wound care. New therapies, including gene therapy, are under investigation. In the case described here, a rare localization of EB at the level of the ear canal is described. To our knowledge, no surgical option for treatment has previously been described in the literature. The clinical features observed and the therapeutic modalities adopted are presented and discussed. A 56-year-old female patient came to our attention for bilateral progressive hearing loss. The patient was suffering from Dystrophic EB. Surgical correction of the stenosis through a retroauricular approach was planned, with the simultaneous reconstruction of the right external auditory canal using the canaloplasty technique combined with Thiersch skin grafting. The case we report here is, to our knowledge, the second describing the surgical treatment of ear canal stenosis secondary to EB. As a result of surgical correction of the stenosis, the ear regained its physiological function and there was an improvement in hearing. In the subsequent post-operative controls, there was no recurrence of the disease, from which the patient is still free 36 months after surgery. Although conservative treatment is a solid choice, our experience seems to indicate that the surgical option allows better management of the Dystrophic EB in the external auditory canal.
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Demko, I. V., E. A. Sobko, S. V. Chubarova, I. A. Soloveva, A. Yu Kraposhina, N. N. Medvedeva, L. Yu Vakhtina, E. L. Zhukov, О. P. Ishchenko, and P. S. Zhegalov. "FEATURES OF THE SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION, EXTERNAL RESPIRATION FUNCTIONS AND MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE BRONCHIAL MUCOUS MEMBRANE IN SEVERE BRONCHIAL ASTHMA." Siberian Medical Review, no. 5 (2014): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20333/25000136-2014-5-47-52.
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Mutlak, Baydaa Hussain, and Sadama Said Faraj. "MORPHO-HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE PROVENTRICULUS OF EURASIAN MARSH HARRIER CIRCUS AERUGINOSUS (LINNAEUS, (1766 (AVES, ACCIPITRIFORMES, ACCIPITRIDAE)." Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum 18, no. 1 (June 20, 2024): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2024.18.1.0139.
Abstract:
The study aimed to describe the anatomical, histological, and histochemical structure of the proventriculuc of adult male Eurasian marsh harrier, Circus aeruginosus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Accipitriformes, Accipitridae). Six birds were used for this study. The histological sections of proventriculus were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid Schiff, and alcain blue. The proventriculus, representing the upper stomach, appeared as a conical structure with a thick wall connecting the caudal end of the thoracic esophagus to the gizzard. It had a light brown color. Microscopic examination revealed that the proventriculus wall consists of the outer tunica serosa, the tunica muscularis, tunica sub mucosa, and the inner tunica mucosa. The mucous layer exhibited folds, and the sulci represented many longitudinal folds with uniform lengths on its luminal surface. A single layer of columnar cells with oval-shaped nuclei made up the lining epithelium. The second layer was the laminal layer propria, composed of a relatively dense network of connective tissue. A thin, discontinuous layer of circularly arranged smooth muscle fibers in the muscularis mucosa separates the lamina propria from the sub mucosa. The submucosa appears as a very thick layer of dense vascular connective tissue, sub-mucosal compound tubuloalveolar glands form the major bulk of this tunica. These glands are arranged in one to three series of lobules that appear in different shapes. Muscularis externa consists of smooth muscle fibers arranged in a thick inner circular layer and a thin discontinuous outer longitudinal layer. The tunica serosa was a well-developed layer constituted by loose connective tissue covered by a single layer of flattened epithelial cells of the mesothelium. The proventriculus has some similarities to other bird species as well as some variations to other species, which may be explained by its nourishing food and behavior.
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Shponka, I. S., and O. M. Usova. "The influence of external factors on the development of olfactory disorders in patients with the coronavirus disease 2019: an immunomorphological assessment." Medicni perspektivi 29, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2024.1.300438.
Abstract:
Olfactory disorders of various etiology are an actual problem for a large part of the adult population of the world, according to the results of conducted research, their prevalence is about 19%. Hyposmia, anosmia, or dysosmia are considered the initial symptom in more than 25% of patients, but over time they affect more than 75% of the total number of patients. The main risk factors for the development of olfactory disorders are old age, male gender, head injuries, exposure to toxic substances and infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The purpose of the study is to clarify the immunomorphological features of the olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity of patients with the 2019 coronavirus disease, taking into account the background pathological changes in the structures of this area for a better understanding of the mechanisms of the development of olfactory dysfunction during infection with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, depending on the presence of aggravating factors. Autopsy material was used for the study, namely fragments of the mucous membrane of the upper parts of the nasal cavity (olfactory epithelium), obtained from 20 deceased (8 women and 12 men) aged 53 to 86 years with a diagnosis of "Coronavirus disease 2019", confirmed by laboratory (polymerase chain reaction) and olfactory disorders of various degrees in the anamnesis. Mucosal samples were stained with standard hematoxylin and eosin and using an immunohistochemical method with antibodies to neuron-specific beta-III tubulin (TuJ-1), olfactory marker protein (OMP) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE-2). The distribution of expression variants of receptors to OMP, TuJ-1 and ACE-2 in sections with signs of structural rearrangement and without signs of structural rearrangement at a magnification of 200x showed a significant difference (p<0.05): the number of OMP-positive cells in sections of the olfactory epithelium of the first group on average was 43.5 in the field of view (16.0-59.0), TuJ-1-positive cells in these sections – 44.5 in the field of view (17.0-61.0), ACE-2-positive cells – 37 in the field of view (14.0-55.0), and in the samples of the olfactory epithelium of the second group, the expression of receptors to OMP was only partially positive (18 (12.0-25.0) cells), TuJ-1 – 17.5 (14.0-24.0) cells, ACE-2 – 14 (9.0-18.0) cells. That is, the occurrence of olfactory disorders under the conditions of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus can be both de novo and against the background of previous changes in the structural elements of the olfactory area of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity. In this case, more vivid symptoms are likely, as well as criticality and irreversibility of pathological changes.
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Jeunon, Thiago, Ariane Assoni, and Annelise Verdolin. "Pseudocarcinomatous Hyperplasia, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and Keratoacanthoma Associated to Lymphomas of the Skin and External Mucous Membranes: A Case Report and Literature Review." American Journal of Dermatopathology 42, no. 9 (December 11, 2019): 662–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dad.0000000000001587.
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Sapko, S. A. "Effectiveness of the immidacloprid/ivermectin combination for external application (“MEGA STOP” for cats)." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 97 (May 7, 2020): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9722.
Abstract:
Diseases of the skin, inflammation, complications of suppurative processes can be caused by invasion of akariformes and lead to the deterioration of animal health, slimming and intoxication. The aim of this work was to investigate the efficacy of the drug “MEGA STOP” by analyzing the clinical status of the animals and the dynamics of hematological parameters. It was used 15 animals aged from 8 months to 5 years, of both sexes. Examined the General condition of the animals (behavior, reaction to external stimuli, presence of appetite, skin and coat, the color of the mucous membranes and the like). It was performed microscopic examination of scrapings from the affected skin and ears, as well as clinical analysis of blood. The drugs were applied according to the instructions and the invasion of intact skin. In all animals with a flea in a single treatment was effective. The blood counts were normal (the upper and lower lime), except for erythrocytes (below normal from 4.72 % to 2.26 %). It was established, that all animals treated with the drug MEGA STOP at 0 day was deviation in the norm of the indicator red blood cells to decrease from 0.4 of 7.36 %. In the following days of the study (10 and 20 day), indicators are normalized and the condition of the animals improved. The maximum deviation of the blood parameters from the norm were detected in an animal with double invasion (otodectosis and fleas). The study of the animals before treatment were violations of the skin in the affected areas of agents, anemia, leukocytosis and eosinophilia. These changes of the blood, characteristic of allergic and intoxication metabolites acariformes. After the first treatment the condition of the ears and skin, according to the results of clinical examination and microscopy, have improved as the blood counts. After the second treatment the animals of both groups a swab from the ears clean and no clinical manifestations. The high efficacy of the drug “MEGA STOP” for the prevention and treatment of flea infestations and acarosan (notoedres, otodectosis in, demodicosis) in single/double skin applied depending on the degree of infestation.
39
Lomonosov, D. A., A. L. Lomonosov, S. V. Volkov, and A. A. Golubev. "Clinical current features and treatment tactics of acute external hemorrhoids in outpatient and polyclinic conditions." Research and Practical Medicine Journal 7, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17709/2409-2231-2020-7-2-13.
Abstract:
Purpose of the study. The study of the current problems for acute external hemorrhoids (AEH) diagnosis and treatment from the point of view of a practicing ambulatory coloproctologist in the Tver region (based on an analysis of the clinical features of the disease, its course and the applied tactics of the coloproctologist) was made.Patients and methods. A retrospective study with continuous series of 124 patients (2016–2017), using clinical and statistical research methods.Results. Acute external hemorrhoids (AEH) is a painful formation that suddenly arises due to acute thrombosis of the external hemorrhoid plexus, located near the anus, mainly at 3, 5, 7 hours on the proctological dial, with a free space between the hemorrhoid and the mucous membrane of the anal canal. Patients with AEH turned to the ambulatory coloproctologist at a later date (on average 11.7 days after the onset of the disease), most often without pain or with slight pain in the anus, with mild and moderate severity of the disease. The main complications of AEH were necrosis and hemorrhoidal wall rupture with bleeding from it. Conservative treatment of patients with AEH was due to clinical guidelines of the Russian Coloproctologists Association (RCA); it was ineffective in 11.3% of patients, who underwent outpatient surgery. All patients with severe pain, high grades of AEH, were offered for hospitalization to the surgical department (including coloproctologcal), but they refused. Low operative activity and late surgery in patients with AEH, who applied to the polyclinic, were due to the fact that only 12 (9.7%) patients sought help within the first 72 hours of the onset of the disease, low severity of pain, as well as the patients refused the proposed operations.Conclusions. The studied features of the outpatient coloproctologic service in AEH reveal the inadequate availability of system resources for patients, inappropriate informing the population with «mass-media» technologies; it makes difficulties to implement the recommendations of the RCA.
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Колядич, Ж. В., М. Н. Макаревич, and А. А. Евмененко. "Analysis of Use of Classical External Approaches in Surgical Treatment of Malignant Tumors of Paranasal Sinuses and Nasal Cavity." Оториноларингология. Восточная Европа, no. 2 (November 5, 2021): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2021.11.2.042.
Abstract:
Цель. Анализ применения наружных доступов хирургического этапа лечения злокачественных опухолей (ЗО) околоносовых пазух (ОНП) и полости носа (ПН) с позиции хирургической травмы мягких тканей, кровеносных сосудов и нервов. Материалы и методы. В рамках настоящего исследования были проанализированы данные 108 пациентов, получивших хирургическое лечение в РНПЦ ОМР им. Н.Н. Александрова с 2009 по 2018 г. Результаты. Применение классических наружных доступов сопровождалось выполнением разрезов кожи и слизистых оболочек челюстно-лицевой области больших размеров с обширным повреждением окружающих мягких тканей и костей лицевого черепа при создании доступа для непосредственного удаления опухоли, что приводит к формированию обезображивающих рубцов на лице. Выводы. Наружные доступы характеризуются высокой степенью травматичности, которая вызвана необходимостью выполнения вмешательства с максимальной радикальностью в сложной анатомической зоне, при этом неизбежно травмируются периферические сосуды и нервы (альвеолярные ветви верхнечелюстного нерва у 100% пациентов с явлениями анестезии и парестезии в 35% случаев, ветви лицевого нерва у 16%). Резекция костных структур лицевого черепа с целью обеспечения доступа приводит к западению мягких тканей щеки у 23% пациентов, что приводит к эстетически неудовлетворительному результату. Purpose. Analysis of the application of classical external approaches in surgical treatment of malignant tumors of paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity, including the analysis of surgical trauma of soft tissues, blood vessels, and nerves. Materials and methods. The article presents the results of the analysis of the use of the external approaches in 108 patients, who received surgical treatment at the N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Center of Belarus from 2009 to 2018. Results. The use of classical external approaches is accompanied by large incisions of the skin and mucous membranes of the maxillofacial area with extensive damage to the surrounding soft tissues and bones of the facial skull, which leads to the formation of disfiguring scars on the face. Conclusions. External approaches are characterized by a high degree of trauma caused by the need to perform the intervention with maximum radicalism in a complex anatomical area, while peripheral vessels and nerves are inevitably injured (alveolar branches of the maxillary nerve in 100% of patients, with anesthesia and paresthesia in 35% of cases, branches of the facial nerve - in 16% of cases). Resection of the bone structures of the facial skull in order to provide access leads to the retraction of the soft tissues of the cheek in 23% of patients, which leads to aesthetically unsatisfactory result.
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Abdulkerimov, Z. Kh, Kh T. Abdulkerimov, T. Kh Abdulkerimov, and K. I. Kartashova. "Changes in the resistance of mucous membrane of upper respiratory tract and external respiration function during the dynamic correction of the sympathetic nervous system activity in patients with chronic vasomotor rhinitis." Practical medicine 16, no. 5 (2018): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2018-16-5-43-46.
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CIFUENTES, C. E., J. D. MONCALEANO, and J. E. OCHOA-AMAYA. "Shock séptico por aflatoxinas en un mono araña (Ateles fusciceps robustus) procedente del Bioparque Los Ocarro." Orinoquia 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2006): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22579/20112629.212.
Abstract:
Titulo en ingles: Septic shock for aflatoxinas in a monkey claws (Ateles fusciceps robustus) coming from the Bioparque Los Ocarros RESUMEN:Un Ateles fusciceps robustus (mono araña) macho castrado procedente del Bioparque Los Ocarros se remitió para necropsia al Laboratorio de Patología de la Universidad de los Llanos. Los principales hallazgos a la inspección externa fueron estado de carnes disminuido, mucosas pálidas, pelaje opaco, cavidad oral con laceraciones bilaterales, gingivitis y placa bacteriana; tonsilas y ganglios mandibulares y axilares congestionados. A la necropsia se observó mucosa traqueal ligeramente congestionada, neumonía intersticial aguda, dilatación y congestión de las cuatro cámaras cardiacas. En la cavidad abdominal: hígado amarillento, con cambios necróticos en la porción apical lobular y una pequeña zona nodular de cicatrización. La mucosa del píloro, intestino y colon congestionadas y focos necróticos en el colon, evidenciando una enteritis necrótica.Bazo con hemorragias equimóticas y petequiales, omento arborizado, vesícula biliar pletórica ganglios mesentéricos caudales congestionados. En la cavidad pélvica: corteza renal difusamente de color rojo café en forma radiada en la médula coloración rojo café oscuro, diagnosticándose una nefrosis hemoglobinúrica. La vejiga urinaria pletórica con la mucosa congestionada. Histológicamente fue hallado un pulmón con síndrome de distress respiratorio agudo o pulmón de shock (ARDS) y una neumonía de tipo intersticial o bronco intersticial. En general se concluye la ocurrencia de shock séptico compatible con intoxicación por aflatoxinas, caracterizado por esplenitis supurativa, esteatosis severa, hepatitis mononuclear y cirrosis hepática lobular, enteritis hemorrágica necrótica, miocarditis, glomerulitis supurativa mesangial y meningoencefalitis mononucle.ABSTRACT: A castrated male Ateles fusciceps robustus (spider monkey) with history of food consumption based on concentrated and fruits, from the Bioparque Los Ocarros was remitted for autopsy to the laboratory of Pathology of the Universidad de los Llanos. The main discoveries of the external inspection were: a diminished meats state, pale mucous, opaque coat, and oral cavity with bilateral lacerations, gingivitis and bacterial plaque, congested mandible, tonsillar and axillary ganglion. To the necropsy it was observed lightly congested tracheal mucosa, sharp interstitial pneumonia, dilation and congestion of the four heart cameras. In the abdomnal cavity: yellowish liver, with necrotic changes in the apical lobar portion and small nodular area of scaring. The mucosa of the pylorus, intestine and colon was congested. The were necrotics focuses in the colon evidencing a necrotics enteritis. Spleen with equimotics and pethequial hemorrhages. Congested mesenteric, plethoric biliary vesicle and congested flows mesenteric ganglion. In the pelvic cavity: The renal cortices was diffusely stained red brown as radially oriented form and in the renal medulla the coloration was dark red, being diagnosed hemoglobinuric nephrosis. The mucosa of plethoric urinar y bladder was congested. Histologycally was found a lung with acute respiratory distress syndrome; shock lung (ARDS) and an interstitial pneumonia our bronchointersticial pneumonia. In ge- neral you concludes the occurrence of septic shock compatible for intoxication aflatoxins, characterized by suppurative spleenitis, epatic lipidosis, mononuclear hepatitis and lobar liver cirrhosis, hemorrhagic necroticenteritis, myocarditis, suppurative glomerulitis mesangial and mononuclear meningoencephalitis
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Marino, Cintia De Castro, and Maria Carolina Maziviero. "Editorial: Comuns urbanos em disputa." Revista de Gestão Ambiental e Sustentabilidade 10, no. 1 (April 22, 2021): e19831. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/geas.v10i1.19831.
Abstract:
Há um interesse crescente no campo dos estudos urbanos sobre o tema dos comuns, tanto em abordagens teóricas quanto em estudos que descrevem experiências que se aproximam de sua aplicação. A ideia do comum como bandeira de luta e reivindicação do mundo contra as privatizações e cercamentos – ou seja, para além da lógica da mercadoria e da propriedade – é retomada no imaginário político de movimentos e ativistas a partir dos movimentos altermundialistas dos anos 1990 e se consolida com o novo ciclo de protestos globais que ocorreram durante a segunda década do século XXI.O comum corresponde àquilo que deve ser protegido da apropriação capitalista e da lógica de propriedade (do Estado ou do mercado): recursos, espaços, formas de vida, conhecimento, entre outros. É também um princípio político, não a ser atribuído, mas à ser instituído. Isso significa que algo é posto em comum, e isso depende de um ato político constante de apropriação, de autogestão e de um agir comum. Além disso, o movimento dos comuns não enxerga o Estado como instrumento de defesa e regulação de mercado. É uma luta permanente que enxerga a coatividade como instrumento fundamental de ação política contra o capital, em oposição inclusive ao Estado, que age como parceiro do mercado no capitalismo.Uma das maiores preocupações atuais é que bens naturais essenciais para a vida humana – como água, costas, rios e florestas – estão correndo o risco de cercamentos e privatizações. Essa preocupação não é diferente no espaço das cidades. Os comuns urbanos incluem os chamados bens e serviços públicos: parques, transporte, sistemas de saneamento, coleta de lixo, universidades e escolas públicas etc. A questão dos comuns é bastante ampla, não se limitando aos espaços ou bens públicos, igualmente abrange aspectos imateriais. Métodos de produção cultural e do conhecimento são bens comuns.Elinor Ostrom (2015) foi pioneira ao publicar sobre o comum na década de 1990. A economista política americana, que ganhou o prêmio Nobel em 2009 com esse trabalho, buscou uma análise empírica de estudos de caso voltada principalmente à gestão econômica, jurídica e administrativa do comum. O estudo foi o primeiro que vislumbrou pontos positivos sobre a gestão dos bens comuns, antes vistos como recursos não renováveis em constante processo de degradação. Voltado para comunidades locais e grupos pequenos que se organizavam colaborativamente para autogestão, o trabalho mostrou que era possível uma composição institucional de arranjos autônomos para a gestão de recursos e trabalhos em escala local. A autora, considerada uma neo-institucionalista, apontava modos de governança nas quais as práticas comunitárias pudessem ganhar centralidade dentro do aparato institucional. Neste sentido, não buscava substituir o mecanismo institucional, mas ampliá-lo através do protagonismo de formas de autogestão e auto-organização. O mais recente trabalho de Dardot e Laval (2017) sobre o comum procura teorizar sobre o conceito, a fim de recolocá-lo na contemporaneidade como instrumento de luta para superação da racionalidade neoliberal. A etimologia do termo em grego (koinón) e em latim (munus) implicou sempre certa reciprocidade, significando ao mesmo tempo obrigação e atividade. Sobre as origens da questão, no surgimento da cidade grega, o homem ganhou uma espécie de segunda vida, pertencendo a duas esferas de existência: a sua vida privada, ou da família, e a vida em comum, ou política. No entanto, posteriormente, a doutrina política romana estatizou o comum, o direito à res publica ou à “coisa pública”, entendida esta, de forma restrita, como controlada pelo Estado. Assim, a instituição da propriedade privada advém do direito romano, o dominium, que permite total poder e usufruto exclusivo sobre uma coisa. A ideia de propriedade excluiu as coisas do uso comum e passou a negar a atividade de cooperação.Ainda sobre a trajetória do conceito, segundo os autores, entre os séculos XII e XV, a Igreja tentou estabelecer sua própria visão do comum como algo universal e divino. O homem deveria abdicar de qualquer propriedade ou posse, adotando um modo de vida dedicado ao “comum” ou à “coisa pública” a serviço da comunidade e de Deus. No entanto, no século XVII o termo encontrou ambiguidade na linguagem filosófica, com uma conotação longe do divino. Passou a ter sentido de vulgar, ordinário e do povo. O que se encontra por toda parte e que não é posse de ninguém. Com o tempo, a Igreja alinhou-se ao Estado feudal, mas também manteve uma corrente que hoje é identificada pela visão comunista que apoia e acompanha a luta de movimentos sociais.No curso da ideologia comunista, o termo comum teve três significados distintos. No primeiro, o comum era algo compartilhado que nunca deveria adquirir um valor unitário ou a ser repartido. O segundo, defendido por Marx, tinha o comum como a associação de produtores ou de homens livres. A forma de propriedade também estava associada ao trabalho coletivo. E o terceiro foi o comunismo de Estado, de propriedade estatal, visto como uma etapa para atingir uma forma desprovida de propriedade privada. A partir dos anos 1980, as experiências de comunismo atestaram que o comum realizado pelo Estado foi a destruição do comum pelo Estado, mostrou-se burocrático, autoritário e corrupto. As experiências históricas de tentativas de implementação do socialismo não dissociaram a gestão burocrática da economia do Estado, mas sim acentuaram sua tendência estatizante.Os autores (DARDOT; LAVAL, 2017) ainda contribuem com reflexões sobre a atual luta pelo comum. O desafio seria construir um novo tipo de cidade a partir do empenho de todos os habitantes, ou seja, a partir do interesse comum. Nem sempre depende de resgatar bens da propriedade do Estado ou da propriedade privada, mas sim tirá-los de uma gestão burocrática e submetê-los a uma gestão popular. Trata-se do poder político comunitário. Com a guinada neoliberal a partir dos anos 80 e a crescente privatização de propriedades e serviços estatais, o conceito parece ganhar uma nova ênfase. Já que quando nos referimos ao termo “público”, muitas vezes nos referimos a algo de propriedade pública, ou seja, de propriedade do Estado, que corre o risco de ter seu domínio modificado, de ser privatizado ou ter seu acesso restrito.Já a análise de Hardt e Negri (2016) sobre o comum tem seu enfoque na construção de um horizonte revolucionário. Segundo os autores, após 1970, a produção capitalista deixou de ter como base a produção material e passou seu enfoque para as relações sociais e formas de vida: “uma operação predatória que funciona através da desapropriação, transformando em propriedade privada tanto a riqueza pública quando a riqueza produzida socialmente em comum” (HARDT, NEGRI, 2016, p.153). De tal modo, a acumulação capitalista é cada vez mais externa ao processo de produção industrial, e a luta de classe perde sua força, pois tinha como apoio o movimento sindical.Como contribuição à reflexão dos movimentos sociais e políticos anticapitalistas que surgiram nas últimas décadas, os autores defendem que a resistência só é possível com base na luta pelo comum, contra a privatização de todos os aspectos da vida social. Seria uma fuga coletiva da relação com o capital. Para os autores, a luta deve ser constante, pois a produção coletiva é captada pelo capitalismo e vendida como produto: o comum construído coletivamente hoje ganha valor de mercado amanhã.Para Harvey (2012, 2014), os cidadãos devem exercer seu direito coletivo de moldar a cidade, por meio de maior regulação e controles democráticos sobre o capital excedente empregado na urbanização. Defende um modelo de coprodução territorial. Na contramão da constatação que as cidades se convertem em mercadoria, o autor aponta para uma agenda transformadora presente na coletividade cidadã: o agir coletivo.Não obstante, Harvey apresenta algumas contradições na lógica dos comuns. Um grupo de commoners constantemente deve renegociar sua identidade e rearticular os interesses do coletivo, visto que com o tempo os indivíduos desenvolvem desejos em diversas direções. Porém a respeito da desejada horizontalidade de gestão: a tomada de decisões de maneira puramente horizontal muitas vezes pode ser uma estratégia demorada e ineficaz (HARVEY, 2014, p. 138).Outra ambiguidade aparece no uso do termo “cercamento”, Harvey ilustra como a questão pode ser utilizada tanto positivamente quanto negativamente dentro do sistema capitalista. Cercamento foi um termo adotado para despossessão das terras produtivas comunais na Inglaterra durante os séculos XVIII e XIX. Durante esse período, antigas terras de uso comum foram cercadas, restringido seu uso. Desde então, o termo cercamento vem sendo utilizado para a despossessão do comum, ou seja, a apropriação pelo privado daquilo que antes era de domínio público. Para o autor, a contradição no termo aparece quando o cercamento é utilizado em defesa de tudo aquilo que ainda não foi submetido ao capital. Por exemplo, ao restringir uma floresta no sentido de protegê-la, pode-se, por consequência, limitar usos tradicionais e sustentáveis, produtivos mas não ofensivos, de uma determinada comunidade local.Bollier (2016) reforça que a questão não é nova. Atualmente a discussão parte da compreensão das limitações da economia de mercado, no entanto, inúmeras comunidades tradicionais e povos indígenas logram uma familiaridade íntima com os bens comuns. É um modo de vida construído ao longo de centenas ou mesmo milhares de anos. Sobre práticas de cercamento do conhecimento e da cultura, o autor expõe antagonismos de aspectos legais e instrumentos como direitos autorais e marca registrada. Na produção científica, denuncia graves conflitos éticos da mercantilização universitária por meio de financiamento e parcerias com as grandes empresas que, com frequência, restringe o recorte das pesquisas e a ampla divulgação dos resultados.A discussão dos comuns urbanos coloca uma série de questões e desafios a serem aprofundados, que vão desde pensar articulações possíveis entre o marco legal e as experiências concretas, buscando consolidar as conquistas da ação coletiva, as inovações jurídicas e de financiamento que subsidiem o franqueamento da cidade aos cidadãos; aos próprios desafios intrínsecos ao comum, como a cogestão e o processo de constituição da comunidade, que não preexiste, mas se estabelece durante a experiência.A luta por meio da defesa de recursos comuns, geridos coletivamente, é aqui vista como uma forma de construção coletiva, ao propor um poder político comunitário – ou um sujeito político coletivo, baseado na articulação local e também caracteriza um princípio político, não a ser atribuído, mas a ser instituído. A presente edição especial da Revista GeAS reúne artigos que contribuem sobre a questão dos comuns urbanos de variadas perspectivas, incluindo abordagens descritivas e conceituais que propõem outras maneiras de existir neste devir-mundo, a potência transformadora do comum, as fissuras e possibilidades que ele promove, bem como suas implicações territorializadas como horizonte utópico. Os artigos nos permitem aprofundar em diversos aspectos dessa reflexão.
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Hamida El Naser, Yusuf, and Durmuş Karayel. "Modeling the effects of external oscillations on mucus clearance in obstructed airways." Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology, October 20, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-023-01778-3.
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Scheifler, Mathilde, Sophie Sanchez-Brosseau, Elodie Magnanou, and Yves Desdevises. "Diversity and structure of sparids external microbiota (Teleostei) and its link with monogenean ectoparasites." Animal Microbiome 4, no. 1 (April 13, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42523-022-00180-1.
Abstract:
Abstract Background Animal-associated microbial communities appear to be key factors in host physiology, ecology, evolution and its interactions with the surrounding environment. Teleost fish have received relatively little attention in the study of surface-associated microbiota. Besides the important role of microbiota in homeostasis and infection prevention, a few recent studies have shown that fish mucus microbiota may interact with and attract some specific parasitic species. However, our understanding of external microbial assemblages, in particular regarding the factors that determine their composition and potential interactions with parasites, is still limited. This is the objective of the present study that focuses on a well-known fish-parasite interaction, involving the Sparidae (Teleostei), and their specific monogenean ectoparasites of the Lamellodiscus genus. We characterized the skin and gill mucus bacterial communities using a 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, tested how fish ecological traits and host evolutionary history are related to external microbiota, and assessed if some microbial taxa are related to some Lamellodiscus species. Results Our results revealed significant differences between skin and gill microbiota in terms of diversity and structure, and that sparids establish and maintain tissue and species-specific bacterial communities despite continuous exposure to water. No phylosymbiosis pattern was detected for either gill or skin microbiota, suggesting that other host-related and environmental factors are a better regulator of host-microbiota interactions. Diversity and structure of external microbiota were explained by host traits: host species, diet and body part. Numerous correlations between the abundance of given bacterial genera and the abundance of given Lamellodiscus species have been found in gill mucus, including species-specific associations. We also found that the external microbiota of the only unparasitized sparid species in this study, Boops boops, harbored significantly more Fusobacteria and three genera, Shewenella, Cetobacterium and Vibrio, compared to the other sparid species, suggesting their potential involvement in preventing monogenean infection. Conclusions This study is the first to explore the diversity and structure of skin and gill microbiota from a wild fish family and present novel evidence on the links between gill microbiota and monogenean species in diversity and abundance, paving the way for further studies on understanding host-microbiota-parasite interactions.
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HERRERA BENAVIDES, YONAIRO MANUEL, JESUS PEREZ PACHECO, and Clara Rugeles Pinto. "Perfil proteico en mulares (Equus mulus) en condiciones naturales en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia." Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal - RECIA, July 2, 2018, 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24188/recia.v10.n2.2018.625.
Abstract:
En este trabajo se muestran los valores promedios de un perfil metabólico proteico en mulos del departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal donde de tomaron muestras de sangre de 24 mulares de la vena yugular externa en tubos sin anticoagulante para la posterior determinación de los analitos por espectrofotometría. Los valores promedios obtenidos fueron para cada parámetro analizado los siguientes: proteínas totales 7,42±0,71 g/dL, albumina 3,17±0,39 g/dL, globulina 4,25±0,78 g/dL, urea 43,53±6,09 mg/dL y BUN 20,31±2,84 mg/dL. Se encontró diferencia significativa para el parámetro proteínas totales según el sexo como criterio de clasificación. Se resalta la importancia de esta investigación dado que es el primer reporte de la temática en la especie en la región.
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Agarwal, Shweta, and Poonam Sharma. "A Review on Gastroprotective Mechanisms and their Augmentation by External Agents." Current Indian Science 01 (May 22, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210299x01666230522145303.
Abstract:
Abstract: The oral route is the most typical way to provide medication due to its benefits, including non-invasiveness, patient compliance, and ease of medication delivery. One of the most often recommended pharmacological groups for the treatment of pain and inflammatory disease is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines. However, the major side effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines is PUD (peptic ulcer disease). An imbalance in the action of gastroprotective and aggressive agents causes gastric ulcers. Gastroprotective mechanisms include the mucus layer, mucosal repair capacity, gastric epithelium, and gastric blood flow. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on gastroprotective mechanisms. As discussed, mucin acts as a filter, and gastric epithelial defenses include the cell barrier, stem cells, and a sensor on the mucosal surface.
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Likidkarnchanakornkij, Jettapol, Depicha Jindatip, and Thanakul Wannaprasert. "Morphology of the digestive system of the lesser bamboo rat (Cannomys badius)." Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia, August 9, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ahe.12954.
Abstract:
AbstractThe lesser bamboo rat is a fossorial rodent within the monotypic genus Cannomys, family Spalacidae and is found in Indochina. The present work provides the first detailed description of the morphology of its digestive system, as examined by gross dissection and histological examination. The oesophagus was lined by a heavily keratinized epithelium and contained mostly striated muscles in the muscularis externa. The stomach was of the unilocular‐hemiglandular type with a cornified squamous area at the fundus separated from the glandular area by the limiting ridge. The length ratio of the small intestine to the entire intestine was relatively low compared to that in other rodents. The caecum contained five to seven haustra and numerous lymphoid tissues, but no distinct appendix. Within the long colon, two non‐papillated longitudinal folds forming a colonic groove, V‐shaped mucosal folds like fishbones and abundant goblet cells were apparent. A five‐lobed liver with a gallbladder and a diffuse pancreas were evident. These findings may indicate that the lesser bamboo rat is a caecal fermenter capable of feeding on highly abrasive plant material. Fermentation may take place via a mucus‐trap colonic separation mechanism without coprophagy. The digestive system of the lesser bamboo rat is somewhat different from that of spalacid relatives.
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Lee, Hyun Jin, Ji-Ye Kim, and Jeon Mi Lee. "Multiple Pyogenic Granulomas in the External Auditory Canal." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal, November 25, 2022, 014556132211427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01455613221142734.
Abstract:
Pyogenic granuloma is a benign vascular tumor of the skin or mucous membrane. One-third of pyogenic granulomas have been reported in the head and neck, but it is rarely present in the external auditory canal. Pyogenic granuloma mostly presents as a solitary granuloma, and only a few cases of multiple forms have been reported. This report describes a rare case of multiple pyogenic granulomas in the external auditory canal of a 36-year-old man along with a review of the literatures. Although it is very rare for PGs to occur in the EAC, it can be suspected in conditions such as after acute and/or chronic trauma, hormonal changes or systemic drug administration, rapid growth, and easy bleeding tendency with a friable surface. Some PGs may spontaneously resolve, but when they cause symptoms, excision is recommended for treatment and diagnosis. In the case of excision, the tumor should be excised down to the perichondrium level to prevent recurrence. Although PG mainly occurs in a solitary form, the present case shows a new clinical variation where multiple PGs were present in the EAC.
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Murthy, K. M. Siddalinga, and N. B. Mashetti. "A Comparative Clinical Study on the Management of Arshas with Haridradi Lepa and Pippalyadi Lepa." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.v2i1.7481.
Abstract:
Arsha is as old mankind being an abnormal to routine life. Arsha does not cause any threat to life but troubles a lot, so it is included in one of the Astha Maharogas by Sushruta. This disease is largely confined to the Guda but also in Nasa, Netra, Karna etc. regions. Aetiological factors are vitiation of Doshas in Gudavalis, injury due to throne, stone, nail, vehicle, regular contact of cold water etc. Haemorrhoids are the varicosity of haemorrhoidal veins. Depending on the site these are 3 types viz, Internal, Externel and Intero-external Haemorrhoids. Depending upon bleeding these are 2 types which are bleeding and non bleeding piles. The presently available treatment measures are Aushadha, Shastra, Kshara and Agnikarma. Local external application is described by Sushruta, Yogaratnakara, Charaka and others. Hence a comparative clinical study is planned to evaluate the efficiency and malignant role of Haridradi Lepa and Pipplayadi Lepa in Arshas (Piles). In this study sample size of 40 patients were selected by simple random sampling, 20 in Group-A and 20 in Group-B, in Group-A, Haridradi Lepa was used, where as in Group-B Pippalyadi Lepa was used. The therapeutic effects was analyzed by using the subjective parameters viz. pain and discomfort during sitting and objective paramaters viz, size, BPR (bleeding per rectum), mucous discharge etc. The duration of treatment was 15 days and clinical assesement was done in 5 days interval. At the end of study, the Haridradi Lepa has shown significally benefical result in sustaianable manner.