Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mucosal Associated Invariant T cell

Academic literature on the topic 'Mucosal Associated Invariant T cell'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Mucosal Associated Invariant T cell"

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Ghesquière, Thibault, Marion Ciudad, André Ramon, Hélène Greigert, Claire Gerard, Claudie Cladière, Marine Thébault, et al. "Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in Giant Cell Arteritis." Journal of Autoimmunity 121 (July 2021): 102652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102652.

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Koay, Hui-Fern, Dale I. Godfrey, and Daniel G. Pellicci. "Development of mucosal-associated invariant T cells." Immunology and Cell Biology 96, no. 6 (April 24, 2018): 598–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imcb.12039.

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Zhang, Yujue, Derun Kong, and Hua Wang. "Mucosal-Associated Invariant T cell in liver diseases." International Journal of Biological Sciences 16, no. 3 (2020): 460–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.39016.

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Jensen, Owen, Shubhanshi Trivedi, Jeremy D. Meier, and Daniel T. Leung. "Defining the role of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in B cell help." Journal of Immunology 204, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2020): 71.10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.71.10.

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Abstract Pathogen-associated diarrheal diseases account for over 1.6 million deaths annually, yet the number of effective mucosal vaccines remains limited. An exciting potential target for mucosal vaccine adjuvants are mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. MAITs are innate-like T cells which are found in the mucosa, blood, and secondary lymphoid organs (SLO), and can respond rapidly to conserved microbial antigens through cytokine secretion and cytotoxic effects. Recent evidence supports a role for MAITs in B cell help. We aim to improve mucosal vaccines by investigating a novel subset of T follicular helper (Tfh)-like MAIT cells and their ability to aid in B cell help and antibody mediated immunity. We describe Tfh-like MAITs from human blood and tonsil samples using linked TCR and phenotype single cell RNAseq, and in vitro culture assays. We further investigate the sufficiency of MAITs aid in antibody mediated immunity in vivo using a MAIT adoptive transfer model into Tcratm1Mom/J (αβ T cell deficient) mice followed by mucosal bacterial challenge. We identify a subset of CXCR5+ MAITs, enriched in human tonsils and murine SLOs that express the Tfh lineage defining transcription factor, BCL6, co-stimulatory markers and cytokines including IL-10 and IL-21 and can aid in B cell help in vitro. Likewise, in vivo we find that MAIT transfer induces pathogen-specific IgA but not IgG responses following mucosal challenge. Overall our study uncovered a novel subset of Tfh-like MAITs and has demonstrated the capacity of MAITs to provide help in antibody responses. Current work aims to uncover the mechanism of MAIT-B cell help which could critically inform efforts to target this population as mucosal adjuvants.
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Chua, Wei‐Jen, and Ted H. Hansen. "Bacteria, mucosal‐associated invariant T cells and MR1." Immunology & Cell Biology 88, no. 8 (August 24, 2010): 767–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/icb.2010.104.

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Treiner, Emmanuel, Livine Duban, Ivan Cruz Moura, Ted Hansen, Susan Gilfillan, and Olivier Lantz. "Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells: an evolutionarily conserved T cell subset." Microbes and Infection 7, no. 3 (March 2005): 552–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2004.12.013.

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Toubal, Amine, Isabelle Nel, Sophie Lotersztajn, and Agnès Lehuen. "Mucosal-associated invariant T cells and disease." Nature Reviews Immunology 19, no. 10 (July 15, 2019): 643–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41577-019-0191-y.

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Ben Youssef, Ghada, Marie Tourret, Marion Salou, Liana Ghazarian, Véronique Houdouin, Stanislas Mondot, Yvonne Mburu, et al. "Ontogeny of human mucosal-associated invariant T cells and related T cell subsets." Journal of Experimental Medicine 215, no. 2 (January 16, 2018): 459–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20171739.

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Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are semi-invariant Vα7.2+ CD161highCD4− T cells that recognize microbial riboflavin precursor derivatives such as 5-OP-RU presented by MR1. Human MAIT cells are abundant in adult blood, but there are very few in cord blood. We longitudinally studied Vα7.2+ CD161high T cell and related subset levels in infancy and after cord blood transplantation. We show that Vα7.2+ and Vα7.2− CD161high T cells are generated early during gestation and likely share a common prenatal developmental program. Among cord blood Vα7.2+ CD161high T cells, the minority recognizing MR1:5-OP-RU display a TRAV/TRBV repertoire very similar to adult MAIT cells. Within a few weeks of life, only the MR1:5-OP-RU reactive Vα7.2+ CD161high T cells acquire a memory phenotype. Only these cells expand to form the adult MAIT pool, diluting out other Vα7.2+ CD161high and Vα7.2− CD161high populations, in a process requiring at least 6 years to reach adult levels. Thus, the high clonal size of adult MAIT cells is antigen-driven and likely due to the fine specificity of the TCRαβ chains recognizing MR1-restricted microbial antigens.
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Cho, Young-Nan, Seung-Jung Kee, Tae-Jong Kim, Hye Mi Jin, Moon-Ju Kim, Hyun-Ju Jung, Ki-Jeong Park, et al. "Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cell Deficiency in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus." Journal of Immunology 193, no. 8 (September 15, 2014): 3891–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1302701.

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Mak, Jeffrey Y. W., Ligong Liu, and David P. Fairlie. "Chemical Modulators of Mucosal Associated Invariant T Cells." Accounts of Chemical Research 54, no. 17 (August 20, 2021): 3462–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00359.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mucosal Associated Invariant T cell"

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Fergusson, Joannah R. "Mucosal associated invariant T cells and related CD161 expressing T lymphocytes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c5490bde-61c4-4715-bbf9-728ec9a8d51a.

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The C-type lectin CD161 is expressed by a large number of T lymphocytes, with approximately a quarter of both T cell receptor (TCR)αβ+ and TCRγδ+ T cells expressing this marker. Within CD8+ T cells, a large proportion of these are comprised of Mucosal Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells, a novel innate-like lymphocyte subset characterised by expression of a semi-invariant TCR together with high levels of CD161 (CD161++). These cells display a phenotype reflective of type 17 CD4+ helper T cells (Th17), which are also hallmarked by CD161 expression. Both MAIT and Th17 cells arise from preprogrammed progenitors, identifiable within umbilical cord blood by expression of CD161. Thus, CD161 appears to identify cells of a pre-determined and distinct phenotype. Whether this reflects a common transcriptional programme, developmentally induced within these cells, and further whether this extends to other CD161 positive T cells, was examined here by mRNA microarray analysis. This analysis identified a shared transcriptional signature and common innate-like function of all CD161 expressing T lymphocytes, and independent of TCR expression or lineage. Furthermore, a population of CD8+ T lymphocytes expressing lower levels of CD161 which overlap phenotypically with CD161++CD8+ MAIT cells was identified by both mRNA microarray analysis and mass cytometry (CyTOF); the CD161+CD8+ T cell population. TCR repertoire analysis, flow cytometry and cell culture experiments were utilised to investigate the origin of this subset, and its phenotype and function in both health and disease investigated in depth. This revealed a pre-programmed, tissue-resident memory population with potent effector functions. Both CD161++ MAIT and CD161+CD8+ T cells expressed high levels of the drug efflux pump MDR1, previously described to confer drug resistance to certain malignant cells. The significance of expression of this pump was hence investigated to determine its potential affect on the success of a variety of clinical therapies.
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Goldfinch, Nicholas Graham. "Characterisation of mucosal associated invariant T-cells and MR1 in ruminants." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4796.

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Mucosal associated invariant T-cells (MAIT) are a phylogenetically conserved subset of alpha/beta T-cells with natural killer-like (NK) activity. MAIT are defined by the expression of an invariant T-cell receptor alpha (TCRα) chain; in mice and humans this chain uses the orthologous mVα19/hVα7.2-Jα33 genes respectively. Available evidence indicates that MAIT are restricted by MR1, a highly conserved MHC class I-related molecule, and that their development is dependent on B lymphocytes. They appear to constitute part of the innate immune response, but their precise functional role is poorly understood. This study aimed to characterise MAIT and MR1 in ruminants, and to further the knowledge and understanding of these unique cells. Using PCR primers based on partial database sequences, orthologous full-length TCRα chains were identified in circulating bovine and ovine T cells. The germline elements of the respective α chains were identified and their overall frequency of expression within the bovine TCRα repertoire determined. Experiments using the orthologous TCRα chain as a marker for MAIT cells to examine expression in bovine and ovine blood and various tissues showed that spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes contained the highest frequency of MAIT cells. Use of the same technique to study levels of this marker in cattle of different ages revealed very low numbers of MAIT cells in neonatal animals, followed by a marked increase in the first 3 weeks of life. Analyses of MAIT TCRα expression in different T cell subsets showed that, unlike mice and humans in which MAIT cells are predominantly within the CD4-/CD8- T-cell population, MAIT cells in bovine blood are predominantly CD8+. Full-length cDNAs were isolated for bovine and sheep MR1 and their sequences were found to display marked cross-species conservation. Using a specific PCR, MR1 was shown to be expressed in peripheral blood and by different lineages of Theileria-transformed cells. Alternatively-spliced transcripts of MR1 were detected in both cattle and sheep and several of these retained an intact open-reading frame. Constructs of bovine MR1 and an MR1/MHC chimera were prepared in a eukaryotic expression vector but these failed to give detectable cell surface expression following transfection into Cos-7, despite positive intracellular expression.
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Kurioka, Ayako. "Mucosal associated invariant T cells and CD161 expressing natural killer cells." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f994e661-d241-4a1c-ac56-b6bea73346ac.

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Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a population of innate-like lymphocytes within the gut, liver and blood, expressing a semi-invariant T cell receptor (TCR) and high levels of the C-type lectin-like receptor, CD161. These cells recognise a metabolite of the microbial riboflavin synthesis pathway, presented by the highly conserved Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I-related protein, MR1, and are critical for the control of bacterial infections. The factors regulating the broad effector functions of MAIT cells have not been fully investigated. Utilising a novel flow cytometric killing assay, MAIT cells were shown here to require the induction of a cytotoxic phenotype through bacterial stimulation to efficiently kill target cells. Further in depth phenotypic analysis highlighted a distinct non-cytotoxic subset of CD4+ MAIT cells, with an altered cytokine-producing capacity, enriched within lymphoid tissues. Investigation into the potential role of these cells in psoriatic diseases revealed that MAIT cells within the synovial fluid of psoriatic arthritis patients are potently activated with increased IL-17 production, their frequency correlating with measures of clinical activity. MAIT cells also have an innate-like responsiveness to cytokines, a feature originally attributed to Natural Killer (NK) cells. Microarray analysis and mass cytometry experiments demonstrated that CD161 marks immature NK cells that have retained this ability to respond to innate cytokines during their differentiation, and is lost upon cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced maturation in both healthy and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Thus, CD161 marks cells with innate-effector functions both in T cells and NK cells.
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GHEZZI, LAURA. "UNRAVELLING THE ROLE OF MUCOSAL ASSOCIATED INVARIANT T CELLS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND ITS ANIMAL MODEL." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/889002.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by demyelination and axonal loss. It’s considered a multifactorial disease, whose etiology involves both environmental and genetic factors. The innate and the adaptive immune systems have long been considered the main players in CNS inflammation, plaque formation and, ultimately, neurodegeneration. In the last 10 to 15 years a lot of attention has been focused on a newly described subset of immune cells, called unconventional T cells, as possible modulators of the aberrant activation of the immune system. The family of unconventional T cells comprises mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT),  and NKT cells. MAIT cells are innate-like T cells, recognizing riboflavin metabolites presented by the evolutionary conserved antigen presenting molecule MR1. They are abundant at mucosal sites and their phenotype is deeply influenced by the microbiome. They can be activated either by direct TCR stimulation or by cytokines produced during inflammation. Once activated, they can produce both pro-inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic molecule, like granzyme B. MAIT cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases, such as diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases and rheumatoid arthritis. In this project we aim to elucidate the potential role of MAIT cells in the pathogenesis of MS, by using both the animal model of the disease, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and samples obtained from people with MS (pwMS).
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Hiejima, Eitaro. "Reduced numbers and proapoptotic features of mucosal-associated invariant T cells as a characteristic finding in IBD patients." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/204557.

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Rouxel, Ophélie. "Rôles des cellules MAIT (Mucosal Associated Invariant T) dans la physiopathologie du diabète de type 1." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB114.

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Le diabète de type 1 (DT1) est une maladie auto-immune caractérisée par la destruction sélective des cellules β pancréatiques entraînant une hyperglycémie et nécessitant un traitement par insulinothérapie à vie. La physiopathologie du DT1 est complexe et fait intervenir les cellules immunitaires innées et adaptatives dans la pathogenèse et la régulation du DT1. Alors que le développement du diabète peut être associé à des facteurs génétiques, des facteurs environnementaux sont également impliqués dans le déclenchement de cette maladie. Des études récentes ont mis en évidence le rôle du microbiote intestinal dans le développement ou la protection du DT1. Des modifications du microbiote ont par ailleurs été observées chez les patients DT1 avant le déclenchement de la maladie. Plusieurs études ont également décrit des altérations de la muqueuse intestinale chez les souris NOD et chez les patients DT1. Les cellules MAIT sont des lymphocytes T de type inné reconnaissant la molécule de MR1 et exprimant un TCR Va semi-invariant (Vα7.2-Jα33 chez l'homme et Vα19-Jα33 chez la souris). Les cellules MAIT sont activées par des métabolites bactériens, dérivés de la synthèse de la riboflavine. Leur particularité est de produire rapidement diverses cytokines telles que le TNF-α, l’IFN-γ et l’IL-17 et le granzyme B. La localisation et la fonction des cellules MAIT suggèrent qu'elles pourraient jouer un rôle clé dans le maintien de l'intégrité intestinale et le développement des réponses auto-immunes dirigées contre les cellules β. Dans l’ensemble, nos résultats chez les patients DT1 et chez les souris NOD montrent une activation anormale des cellules MAIT chez les patients DT1. Ces anomalies peuvent être détectées avant le déclenchement de la maladie. L'analyse des tissus périphériques de souris NOD souligne le rôle des cellules MAIT dans deux tissus, le pancréas et la muqueuse intestinale. Dans le pancréas, la fréquence des cellules MAIT est augmentée. Dans ce tissu les cellules MAIT semblent participer à la destruction des cellules β. Contrairement au pancréas, les cellules MAIT situées dans la muqueuse intestinale semblent jouer un rôle protecteur grâce à leur production de cytokines IL-22 et IL-17. Nos données chez les souris NOD Mr1-/-, dépourvues de cellules MAIT, soulignent le rôle protecteur des cellules MAIT lors du développement du DT1 en participant au maintien de l'intégrité intestinale. En outre, la présence d'altérations intestinales à mesure que la maladie progresse chez les souris NOD souligne l'importance des cellules MAIT dans le maintien de l'homéostasie intestinale. De manière intéressante, les cellules MAIT pourraient représenter un nouveau biomarqueur de la maladie et permettre de développer des stratégies thérapeutiques innovantes basées sur l’activation locale des cellules MAIT
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an auto-immune disease characterized by the selective destruction of pancreatic islet β cells resulting in hyperglycemia and requiring a life-long insulin replacement therapy. The physiopathology of T1D is complex and still not entirely understood. Both innate and adaptive immune cells are involved in the pathogenesis and the regulation of T1D. While diabetes development can clearly be associated with genetic inheritance, environmental factors were also implicated in this autoimmune diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the role of the intestinal microbiota in the development or protection against T1D. Gut microbiota analyses in patients have shown differences before the onset of T1D. Moreover, several studies also described gut mucosa alterations in NOD mice and in T1D patients. MAIT (Mucosal Associated Invariant T) cells are innate-like T cells recognizing the MR1 molecule and expressing a semi-invariant receptor Vα chain (Vα7.2-Jα33 and Vα19-Jα33 in mice). MAIT cells are activated by bacterial metabolites, derived from the synthesis of riboflavin. Their particularity is to rapidly produce various cytokines such as TNF-α IFN-γ, IL-17 and granzyme B. The localization and the function of MAIT cells suggest that they could exert a key role in the maintenance of gut integrity, thereby controlling the development of autoimmune responses against pancreatic β cells. To summarize, our results in T1D patients and in NOD mice indicate an abnormal MAIT cell activation in this pathology, which occurs before disease onset. The analysis of peripheral tissues from NOD mice highlights the role of MAIT cells in two tissues, the pancreas and the gut mucosa. In the pancreas, MAIT cells frequency is elevated and they could participate to the β cells death. In contrast to the pancreas, in the gut mucosa MAIT cells could play a protective role through their cytokines production of IL-22 and IL-17. Our data in Mr1-/- NOD mice, lacking MAIT cells, reveal that these cells play a protective role against diabetes development and in the maintenance of gut mucosa integrity. Moreover, the presence of gut alteration as T1D progress in NOD mice underscores the importance of MAIT cells in maintaining gut mucosa homeostasis. Interestingly, MAIT cells could represent a new biomarker towards T1D progression and open new avenues for innovative therapeutic strategies based on their local triggering
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Marquardt, Isabel Loreen Verfasser], and Dunja [Gutachter] [Bruder. "Hypervirulent Clostridioides difficile induces a multifaceted response in human mucosal-associated invariant T cells / Isabel Loreen Marquardt ; Gutachter: Dunja Bruder." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219937630/34.

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Marquardt, Isabel [Verfasser], and Dunja [Gutachter] Bruder. "Hypervirulent Clostridioides difficile induces a multifaceted response in human mucosal-associated invariant T cells / Isabel Loreen Marquardt ; Gutachter: Dunja Bruder." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219937630/34.

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Li, Yubo. "Design and Synthesis of Ceragenins–Cationic Steroid Antimicrobial Compounds, Structural Improvement and Synthesis of Cyclopentenone Prostaglandins and Modification and Synthesis of Derivatives of Ribityllumazines: Potential Antigens for Activation of MAIT Cells." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8283.

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are ubiquitous and display broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that can control bacterial colonization of surfaces. Ceragenins are small-molecule mimics of AMPs and have several advantages over AMPs, including cost of manufacture and stability. A ceragenin, CSA-120, modified with an acrylamide group was directly incorporated into fluoropolymer coatings as a means of inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation. The ceragenin-containing coatings displayed improved performance. By conjugating a copper chelating group to the ceragenin, chelation of 64Cu by the conjugate was effective and provided a stable complex that allowed in vivo imaging. This conjugate may provide a means of identifying infection sites in patients presenting general signs of infection without localized symptoms. A combination nanoparticle comprised of a maghemite core for enhanced T2 MRI contrast diagnostics, a colloidal silver shell acting as an antimicrobial and therapeutic vehicle, and a ceragenin (CSA- 124) surfactant providing microbial adhesion was synthesized and characterized by multiple methods. Silver nanoparticles conjugated with ceragenin, CSA-124, as a potential Gram-positiveselective antimicrobial were synthesized and termed as CSA-SNPs. Herein, CSA-SNPs are characterized using multiple methods and the antimicrobial properties are determined through minimum inhibitory concentration/minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC) and time-kill study. Prostanoids are a natural subclass of eicosanoids generated mainly from metabolic oxidation of arachidonic acid. Cyclopentenone prostaglandins (cyPGs) contain a highly reactive α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group in their cyclopentenone ring and possess three main potentially therapeutic properties: anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antiviral. We designed and synthesized EC and its derivatives in reducing secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-12. Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells are unique innate-like T cells and play a key role in host defense against bacterial and fungal infection as well as in human autoimmune diseases. The MAIT cells are activated through T-cell receptor αβ chain (TCR-αβ) binding with the MR1-ligand, which is vitamin B metabolites presented on MR1. Rribityllumazines, one of important MR1-ligand was synthesized in my study.
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Law, Becker M. P. "The functional characterisation of human innate lymphocytes in renal fibrosis and chronic kidney disease." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/132513/1/Becker%20Meng-Po_Law_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis by publication is a step forward in understanding the function of discrete immune cell populations in kidneys with chronic inflammation and fibrosis. We have successfully identified various human immune cells of the innate immune system as critical drivers of chronic kidney disease. The findings of this thesis sheds light on novel functions of innate immune cells and opens opportunities for the development of novel kidney therapies.
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Book chapters on the topic "Mucosal Associated Invariant T cell"

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Vorkas, Charles Kyriakos, and Michael Stephen Glickman. "H. Mucosal-Associated Invariant and Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells." In Advances in Host-Directed Therapies Against Tuberculosis, 233–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56905-1_15.

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Zumwalde, Nicholas A., and Jenny E. Gumperz. "Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in Tumors of Epithelial Origin." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 63–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35723-8_5.

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Bernal, Isabel, Marco van Ham, and Lothar Jänsch. "Immune Monitoring of Human Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells by Quantitative Proteomics." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 209–18. New York, NY: Springer US, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0207-2_14.

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Dunkley, M. L., and A. J. Husband. "Role of antigen in migration patterns of T cell subsets arising from gut associated lymphoid tissue." In Advances in Mucosal Immunology, 209–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1848-1_60.

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Ruiz, A., and J. Tseng. "Tissue distribution and characteristics of an activated T cell sub-population from rabbit gut associated lymphoid tissues." In Advances in Mucosal Immunology, 86–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1848-1_22.

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Wakao, Hiroshi, and Chie Sugimoto. "iPSC-derived mucosal-associated invariant T cells." In Recent Advances in iPSC-Derived Cell Types, 31–47. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822230-0.00012-0.

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T. Silveira, Fernando, Marliane B. Campos, Silvia F. Müller, Patrícia K. Ramos, Luciana V. Lima, Thiago V. dos Santos, Claudia Maria Gomes, Márcia D. Laurenti, Vania Lucia da Matta, and Carlos Eduardo Corbett. "From Biology to Disease: Importance of Species-Specific Leishmania Antigens from the Subgenera Viannia (L. braziliensis) and Leishmania (L. amazonensis) in the Pathogenesis of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis." In Leishmania Parasites [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108967.

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American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is one of the most complex parasitic diseases from a clinical-immunopathological point of view due to the great heterogeneity of Leishmania species responsible for the disease. Currently, fifteen Leishmania species of the subgenera Leishmania, Viannia and Mundinia may give rise to ACL in Latin America. In Brazil, seven species are associated to the disease, but L. (V.) braziliensis and L. (L.) amazonensis stand out for producing the broadest clinical-immunopathological spectrum: localized cutaneous leishmaniasis [LCL: DTH+/++], borderline disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis [BDCL: DTH+/−], mucocutaneous or mucosal leishmaniasis [MCL/ML: DTH++++], and anergic diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis [ADCL: DTH−]. Although human genetic profile plays important factor in the immunopathogenesis of ACL, it deserves to be highlighted the crucial role of species-specific antigens of L. (V.) braziliensis and L. (L.) amazonensis [lipophosphoglycans, phosphatidylserine, proteophosphoglycans, glycoprotein-63 and CD200 – a macrophage activation inhibitor molecule] in the modulation of T-cell immune response (CD4+/CD8+) that will define the infection evolution.
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Lambourne, Jonathan, and Ruaridh Buchanan. "Basic Immunology." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0012.

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There are four major components of the immune system. These include: 1. mechanical barriers to pathogen entry. 2. the innate immune system. 3. the adaptive immune system. 4. the lymphoid organs. Mechanical barriers include skin and mucous membranes and tight junctions between epithelial cells prevent pathogen entry. Breaches can be iatrogenic, for example, IV lines, surgical wounds, and mucositis, and are a large source of healthcare- associated infections. The innate immune system provides the first internal line of defence, as well as initiating and shaping the adaptive immune response. The innate system comprises a range of responses: phagocytosis by neutrophils and macrophages (guided in part by the adaptive immune system), the complement cascade, and the release of antimicrobial peptides by epithelial cells (e.g. defensins, cathelicidin). The adaptive immune system includes both humoral (antibody- mediated) and cell-mediated responses. It is capable of greater diversity and specificity than the innate immune system, and can develop memory to pathogens and provide increased protection on re-exposure. Immune cells are divided into myeloid cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and monocytes/macrophages) and lymphoid cells (B, T, and NK cells). These all originate in the bone marrow from pluripotent haematopoietic stem cells. The lymphoid organs include the spleen, the lymph nodes, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues—which respond to antigens in the blood, tissues, and epithelial surfaces respectively. The three main ‘professional’ phagocytes are macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils. They are similar with respect to how they recognize pathogens, but differ in their principal location and effector functions. Phagocytes express an array of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) e.g. Toll-like receptors and lectins (proteins that bind carbohydrates). PRRs recognize Pathogen- Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)— elements which are conserved across species, such as cell-surface glycoproteins and nucleic acid sequences. Though limited in number, PRRs have evolved to recognize a huge array of pathogens. Binding of PRRs to PAMPs enhances phagocytosis. Macrophages are tissue-resident phagocytes, initiating and co-ordinating the local immune response. The cytokines and chemokines they produce cause vasodilation and alter the expression of endothelial cell adhesion factors, recruiting circulating immune cells.
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William Tong, C. Y., and Mark Hopkins. "Blood-Borne Viruses." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0034.

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Blood- borne viruses (BBVs) are viral infections transmitted by blood or body fluid. In practice, any viral infection that achieves a high viral load in blood or body fluid can be transmitted through exposure to infected biological materials. In western countries, the most significant BBVs are human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV1 and HIV2), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Other viruses that can be transmitted by blood and body fluid include human T cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV1 and HTLV2), cytomegalovirus, West Nile virus and viruses responsible for viral haemorrhagic fever such as Ebola virus, Lassa virus, and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus. BBVs are transmitted via exposure to blood and body fluid. Some examples of routes of transmission include: ● Sharing needles in people who inject drugs (PWID); ● Medical re-use of contaminated instruments (common in resource poor settings); ● Sharps injuries in healthcare setting, including in laboratories (less commonly through mucosal exposure); ● Transfusion of blood contaminated with BBVs (failure to screen blood donors); ● Transplantation of organs from BBV-infected donors; ● Sexual exposure to BBV-infected body fluid; and ● Exposure to maternal BBV infection: intrauterine, perinatally, or postnatally. If exposure to a BBV is via a needle stick injury in a healthcare setting, immediate first aid needs to be carried out by gently encouraging bleeding and washing the exposed area with soap and water. Prompt reporting of the incident is required so that an assessment can be done as soon as possible to determine if post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is required. The decision may be aided by urgent assessment of source patient infection status. The British Medical Association has issued guidance for testing adults who lack the capacity to consent. In the case of a sexual exposure to a BBV, immediate consultation to a genito-urinary medicine (GUM) clinic is warranted. The risk of transmission of BBVs associated with exposure depends on the nature of the exposure and the body fluid involved. The following factors are important in needle stick injuries: ● Deep percutaneous injury. ● Freshly used sharps. ● Visible blood on sharps.
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Conference papers on the topic "Mucosal Associated Invariant T cell"

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Lewinsohn, David. "Human Mucosal Associated Invariant T Cells Detect Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infected Cells." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a3216.

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Wallington, Joshua, Anthony P. Williams, Karl J. Staples, and Tom M. A. Wilkinson. "Cytotoxic responses of mucosal-associated Invariant T cells to NTHi infection." In ERS International Congress 2016 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.pa2621.

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Matsuyama, H., T. Isshiki, A. Chiba, T. Yamaguchi, G. Murayama, Y. Akasaka, Y. Eishi, S. Miyake, and S. Homma. "Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells Are Activated in Lungs of Sarcoidosis." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a2427.

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Ibidapo-obe, O., S. Stengel, N. Köse, A. Stallmach, M. Bauer, and T. Bruns. "Functional assessment of peritoneal mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in advanced cirrhosis." In 35. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Arbeitsgemeinschaft zum Studium der Leber. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1677261.

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Murayama, G., A. Chiba, A. Nomura, H. Amano, K. Yamaji, N. Tamura, and S. Miyake. "AB0139 Role of mucosal-associated invariant t (MAIT) cells in a lupus model." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.3086.

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Chiba, A., G. Murayama, N. Tamura, K. Yamaji, Y. Takasaki, and S. Miyake. "OP0214 Activation status of mucosal-associated invariant t cells reflects pathology of systemic lupus erythematosus." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.2805.

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Constantinides, Michael G., Samira Tamoutounour, Jonathan L. Linehan, Shurjo Sen, Jahangheer Shaik, Sobhan Roy, Erin J. Adams, and Yasmine Belkaid. "Abstract PR16: Mucosal-associated invariant T-cells respond to the cutaneous microbiota and promote skin immunity." In Abstracts: Fourth CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 30 - October 3, 2018; New York, NY. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.cricimteatiaacr18-pr16.

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Wulf, Severin, Christian Niehaus, Patrick Behrendt, Benjamin Maasoumy, Heiner Wedemeyer, Thomas Krey, Markus Cornberg, and AnkeR M. Kraft. "Comprehensive characterization of Mucosal-Associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in patients with hepatitis E virus infection." In 38. Jahrestagung der Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft zum Studium der Leber. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740662.

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Cuthbert, Richard, Qiao Zhou, Abdulla Watad, Robert Dunsmuir, Peter Loughenbury, Almas Khan, Peter Millner, Charlie Bridgewood, and Dennis Mcgonagle. "FRI0355 MUCOSAL ASSOCIATED INVARIANT T-CELLS ARE ENRICHED AT THE HUMAN ENTHESIS AND HAVE A RESIDENT MEMORY PHENOTYPE." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.7314.

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Cole, S., and A. Maroof. "P089 Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT)-cell-derived IL-17A and IL-17F production is IL-23-independent and biased towards IL-17F." In 39th European Workshop for Rheumatology Research, 28 February–2 March 2019, Lyon, France. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-ewrr2019.78.

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