Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mucosa Orale'
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Kinikoglu, Fatma Beste. "Tissue engineering of full-thickness human oral mucosa." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10310.
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L’ingénierie de la muqueuse orale humaine (MOH) a pour but le comblement des pertes de substances suite à un traumatisme facial ou à la chirurgie des lésions malignes. Elle a aussi des applications en recherche pour élucider les mécanismes biologiques de la MO et en pharmacotoxicologie comme alternative à l’expérimentation animale. L'objectif de cette thèse était de reconstruire une MOH proche du tissu normal. À cette fin, la faisabilité du concept a d'abord été testée par co-culture de fibroblastes de la lamina propria et de cellules épithéliales de MOH dans le substrat de collagène-chitosan glycosaminoglycane, développé pour la production de peaux reconstruites. La caractérisation de la MOH reconstruite par histologie, immunohistochimie et microscopie électronique à transmission a montré la présence d’une LP équivalente avec un épithélium pluristratifié et non kératinisé très proche du tissu d’origine. Grâce à ce modèle, nous avons ensuite démontré que l’origine des fibroblastes (MO, cornée, peau) influence significativement l’épaisseur et l’ultrastructure de l'épithélium obtenu par culture de cellules épithéliales orales. Enfin, afin d'améliorer les propriétés adhésives du substrat à base collagène, nous avons ajouté au collagène, une élastine-like recombinante (ELR) contenant le tri-peptide d’adhésion cellulaire, RGD, et produit un nouveau substrat bicouche, poreux par lyophilisation et recouvert d’une couche fibreuse par électrofilage. Ces substrats ont été caractérisés par porosimétrie au mercure, microscopie électronique à balayage et essais mécaniques. Nous avons démontré l’effet stimulant de ELR sur la prolifération des fibroblastes et des cellules épithélialesTissue engineered human oral mucosa has the potential to fill tissue deficits caused by facial trauma or malignant lesion surgery. It can also help elucidate the biology of oral mucosa and serve as an alternative to in vivo testing of oral care products. The aim of this thesis was to construct a tissue engineered full-thickness human oral mucosa closely mimicking the native tissue. To this end, the feasibility of the concept was tested by co-culturing fibroblasts and epithelial cells isolated from normal human oral mucosa biopsies in a collagen-glycosaminoglycan-chitosan scaffold, developed in our laboratory to construct a skin equivalent. An oral mucosal equivalent closely mimicking the native one was obtained and characterized by histology, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Using the same model, the influence of mesenchymal cells on oral epithelial development was investigated by culturing epithelial cells on lamina propria, corneal stroma and dermal equivalents. They were found to significantly influence the thickness and the ultrastructure of the epithelium. Finally, in order to improve the adhesiveness of conventional scaffolds, an elastin-like recombinamer (ELR) containing the cell adhesion tripeptide, RGD, was used in the production of novel bilayer scaffolds employing lyophilization and electrospinning. These scaffolds were characterized by mercury porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy and mechanical testing. In vitro tests revealed positive contribution of ELR on the proliferation of both fibroblasts and epithelial cells. It was thus possible to construct a viable oral mucosa equivalent using the principles of tissue engineering
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Gualerzi, A. "ANALISI MORFOLOGICA DELLA MUCOSA ORALE CHERATINIZZATA UMANA NORMALE DOPO ESPOSIZIONE A STIMOLI ESOGENI." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/215122.
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Cigarette smoke and alendronate are two different exogenous stimuli involved in the pathogenesis of oral diseases, but their actual role in altering the epithelial barrier and function has not been thoroughly investigated, yet.
To evaluate the morphological chronic effect of both agents, biopsies of normal human keratinized oral mucosa are collected respectively from smoking women (n = 5) and from osteoporotic women undergoing chronic oral therapy with alendronate (n = 6). Both groups are compared to age and sex-matched controls. The acute effects of smoke are investigated in a three-dimensional model of human oral mucosa organotypic cultures (n = 5) after exposure to the mainstream smoke coming from one single cigarette. Morphological analysis by light and transmission electron microscopy is performed on all considered samples.
Chronic smoke and chronic alendronate treatment affect keratinocyte terminal differentiation and intercellular adhesion impairing desmosomal molecular composition and morphology, in a stress specific and time exposure related manner. Desmoglein 3 and desmoglein 1 distribution are altered respectively after chronic smoke and chronic alendronate treatment. Epithelial proliferation is also impaired in the alendronate treated group. On the contrary, after three hours from cigarette smoke exposure, the first significant response of the oral epithelium comes from the immediately suprabasal keratinocytes, without impairment of the epithelial junctional apparatus and apoptosis induction.
The collected data highlight differences in the acute and chronic response of the oral epithelium to cigarette smoke. Moreover, reported results support the crucial signaling role of desmosomal cadherins in the oral epithelium and introduce a new issue in oral biology: the specific response of human oral mucosa to different physico-chemical stresses.
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Ployon, Sarah. "Interactions entre muqueuse orale, salive et molécules de la flaveur." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOS037/document.
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Le rôle de la salive dans la perception sensorielle est de plus en plus reconnu, notamment par le biais des interactions physico-chimiques pouvant s’établir entre protéines salivaires et constituants alimentaires. Ce travail s’intéresse à la pellicule salivaire, la couche de protéines salivaires ancrées aux cellules épithéliales, et vise à caractériser les interactions pouvant s’établir d’une part entre ces protéines et épithélium oral, et d‘autre part entre ces protéines et les molécules de la flaveur. Pour cela, un modèle in vitro de muqueuse orale a été développé. Une lignée cellulaire stable (TR146/MUC1) a été obtenue par transfection de la lignée cellulaire TR146 de manière à exprimer la mucine membranaire MUC1. Afin de former une pellicule salivaire, les cellules confluentes ont été incubées avec de la salive humaine. La rétention des mucines salivaires MUC5B par les cellules TR146/MUC1 est augmentée par rapport aux TR146, apportant ainsi un argument en faveur de l’implication de MUC1 dans l’ancrage des MUC5B aux cellules épithéliales. Le modèle développé a été appliqué à l’étude des interactions entre la muqueuse orale et les molécules d’arôme et les tanins. L’analyse des coefficients de partage par GC-FID a mis en évidence 1- l’importance de l’hydratation de la muqueuse sur la libération des composés les plus hydrophiles, 2- la capacité des cellules à métaboliser certaines molécules d’arôme, 3- l’absence d’effet de la pellicule sur la libération des molécules d’arôme à l’équilibre. En revanche, l’analyse par PTR-MS a révélé un effet de la muqueuse et de la pellicule sur la cinétique de libération des molécules d’arôme. Les interactions entre les protéines de la pellicule salivaire et les tanins modifient les caractéristiques structurales de la pellicule, en particulier le tapissage des cellules par les MUC5B. Les possibles implications sensorielles, respectivement dans les phénomènes de persistance aromatique et d’astringence, sont discutéesThe role of saliva in food sensory perception is increasingly recognized, especially through physicochemical interactions occurring between salivary proteins and food components. This work focuses on the mucosal pellicle, a layer of salivary proteins anchored onto epithelial cells, and aims at characterizing interactions that may occur between the proteins of the mucosal pellicle and flavour compounds. For that purpose, an in vitro model of oral mucosa was developed. A stable cell line (TR146/MUC1) was obtaining by transfecting the TR146 cell line in order to express the membrane bound mucin MUC1. In order to form a salivary pellicle, confluent cells were incubated with human saliva. A higher retention of salivary MUC5B by TR146/MUC1 cells was observed compared to TR146 cells, emphasising the involvement of MUC1 in MUC5B anchoring to epithelial cells. The model was applied to the investigation of interactions between the oral mucosa and aroma molecules and tannins. Measurements of partition coefficients by GC-FID revealed 1- the role of hydration of the mucosa on the release of the most hydrophilic compounds, 2- the ability of cells to metabolize some aroma compounds, 3- the absence of effect of the mucosal pellicle itself on aroma release at the thermodynamic equilibrium. Oppositely, analyses by PTR-MS evidenced an effect of the mucosa and of the pellicle on aroma release kinetic. Interactions between proteins of the mucosal pellicle and tannins modified structural characteristics of the pellicle, especially the coating of cells by salivary MUC5B. Sensory relevance for the phenomena of aroma persistence and astringency, respectively, are discussed
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GIOVANNACCI, ILARIA. "Quantificazione spettrofotometrica dell'autofluorescenza come potenziale strumento diagnostico per lesioni maligne della cute e della mucosa orale." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1211519.
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L'autofluorescenza (AF) è definita come l'emissione di fluorescenza osservata quando determinate molecole sono eccitate da raggi UV o luce visibile di lunghezze d'onda adeguate. Quando una molecola viene illuminata ad una lunghezza d'onda di eccitazione, assorbirà questa energia e verrà attivata dal suo stato fondamentale a quello eccitato. La molecola (fluoroforo) può quindi rilassarsi dallo stato eccitato a fondamentale generando energia sotto forma di fluorescenza, a lunghezze d'onda di emissione più lunghe di quella di eccitazione.
I fluorofori endogeni sono molecole ampiamente distribuite in cellule e tessuti, come proteine contenenti aminoacidi aromatici, flavine e lipopigmenti.
I principali fluorofori della cute sana si trovano nell'epitelio (ad es. cheratina, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide o NADH e flavin adenine dinucleotide o FAD) e nella sottomucosa (ad es. collagene ed elastina).
Queste molecole, quando irradiate tra le lunghezze d'onda da 375 a 440 nm, mostrano fluorescenza nell'intervallo spettrale del verde.
Il non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) è il tumore maligno più comune al mondo.
Lo sviluppo dei NMSC è accompagnato da cambiamenti istopatologici nell'epidermide come perdita di maturazione cellulare, alterazione della produzione di cheratina, ispessimento generale dello strato epiteliale e alterazioni biochimiche (riduzione del NADH).
I NMSC sono anche accompagnati da cambiamenti istopatologici nello stroma e nella sottomucosa sottostanti, tra cui la neovascolarizzazione e la distruzione del legame crociato di collagene da parte delle proteasi.
Queste alterazioni portano ad una generale riduzione dell’AF dovuta all'alterazione della distribuzione dei fluorocromi e in particolare al NADH e al collagene.
Negli ultimi due decenni, gli studi riguardanti ll’AF cellulare e tissutale hanno avuto un notevole aumento. Sono stati condotti studi sull’AF sia in vitro che in vivo, per lo studio dei tessuti normali e per la discriminazione tra tessuti normali e lesioni neoplastiche di mucosa orale, cute, esofago, colon, polmone, bronchi, cervello e vescica. I metodi utilizzati sono sia il direct visual fluorescence examination (DVFE) sia lo spettrofotometria. In particolare, il DVFE è stato ampiamente utilizzato per studi clinici sulla mucosa orale. Per quanto riguarda l’AF della cute, questa è stata studiata più frequentemente usando lo spettrofotometria.
Il principio è la scansione e l'analisi della luce emessa dalla cute dopo l'esposizione a una fonte di luce attivante.
Tuttavia, ad oggi non sono emersi metodi che fossero traducibili nella pratica clinica.
L'obiettivo principale di questo studio è quello di analizzare la correlazione tra la misurazione spettrale dell’AF cutanea e le caratteristiche istopatologiche della cute maligna e pre-maligna nel campo dei NMSC.
Dopo la rimozione chirurgica, verrà eseguita una valutazione ex vivo dell’AF.
Il campione verrà irradiato con una sonda che emette una luce nello spettro blu (lunghezza d'onda 400-440 nm) e la fluorescenza emessa dal tessuto verrà misurata mediante uno spettrofotometro in modalità spot standardizzata.
Eventuali modifiche rilevate verranno riportate sul campione chirurgico con l'applicazione di un repere.
Verrà eseguito un esame istopatologico della lesione e eventuali cambiamenti nel pattern di fluorescenza saranno correlati con possibili alterazioni del pattern istopatologico, facendo riferimento ai reperi chirurgici.
Le alterazioni delle misure spettrali sono correlate alle alterazioni istopatologiche dei NMSC. La misurazione spettrale può essere un nuovo supporto per la diagnosi precoce dei NMSC, una guida per le biopsie incisionali mirate, uno strumento per la definizione dei margini chirurgici intraoperatori e per il follow-up dei pazienti trattati.Autofluorescence (AF) is defined as the fluorescence emission observed when certain cell molecules are excited by UV or visible light of suitable wavelenghts. When a biologic molecule is illuminated at an excitation wavelength within the absorption spectrum of that molecule, it will absorb this energy and be activated from its ground state to an excited state. The molecule (fluorophore) can then relax back from the excited to the ground state by generating energy in the form of fluorescence, at emission wavelengths, which are longer than that of the excitation wavelength. The most important endogenous fluorophores are molecules widely distributed in cells and tissues, like proteins containing aromatic aminoacids, flavins and lipopigments. The main fluorophores of healthy skin are located in the epithelium (eg. keratin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or NADH and flavin adenine dinucleotide or FAD) and the submucosa (e.g. collagen and elastin). These molecules when irradiated between the wavelengths from 375 and 440 nm, show fluorescence in the green spectral range. Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common malignancy worldwide. The developement of NMSC is accompanied by histopathological changes in epidermis such as loss of cellular maturation, alteration in keratin production, overall thickening of the epithelial layer and biochemical alterations (NADH decrease). NMSC is also accompanied by histopathological changes in the underlying stroma and submucosa, including neovascularization and destruction of the collagen cross-link by proteases. These alterations lead to a general decrease in AF due the alteration in distribution of the fluorochromes and in particular to NADH and collagen. In the last two decades, studies concerning cell and tissue AF has had a dramatic increase. AF studies have been performed both in vitro and in vivo, for the study of normal tissue and for the discrimination between normal tissues and neoplastic lesions of oral mucosa, skin, esophagus, colon, lung, bronchi, brain and bladder. The methods used are both direct visual fluorescence examination (DVFE) and spectrophotometry. In particular, DVFE has been widely used for clinical studies on oral mucosa. Regarding AF of the skin, this has been studied more frequently by using spectrophotometry. The principle is scanning and analyzing reflected light from the skin after exposure to an activating light source. AF spectroscopy is a very sensitive technique for quantitative measurements of tissue constituents. However, to date no methods have emerged that can be translated into clinical practice. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between spectral mesurement of cutaneous AF and the histopathological characteristics of malignant and pre-malignant skin in NMSC. Following surgical removal of the cancer, an ex vivo evaluation of the AF will be performed. The specimen will be irradiated with a probe that emits a light in the blue spectrum (wavelength 400-440 nm) and the fluorescence emitted by the tissue will be measured using a spectrophotometer in a standardized spot modality. Any changes detected will be reported on the surgical specimen with the application of a surgical mark. Histopathological examination of the lesion will be performed and any changes in the fluorescence pattern will be correlated with possible alterations in the histopathological pattern, referring to surgical marks. Alterations in AF spectral measurement correlate with histopathological alterations in NMSC. the spectral measurement can be a new support for the early diagnosis of NMSCs, a guide for the targeted incisional biopsies, a tool for the definition of the intraoperative surgical margins, and for the follow-up of treated patients.
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Ruberti, Maristela 1975. "Caracterização fenotípica e funcional das células imunocompetentes da mucosa intestinal envolvidas na tolerância oral a ovalbumina." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317404.
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Orientador: Wirla Maria da Silva Cunha TamashiroTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T10:43:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ruberti_Maristela_D.pdf: 10774061 bytes, checksum: 7afe7ee8aa8c7f97c1f80e66f0cd8bfa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: Trabalhos anteriores de nosso laboratório mostraram que camundongos transgênicos DO11.10, cuja maioria dos linfócitos T expressam TCR específico para ovalbumina (OVA) no contexto de...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: Previous work from our laboratory showed that DO11.10 transgenic mice, in which the most of T lymphocytes express TCR specific for ovalbumin (OVA) in the context of...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document
Doutorado
Imunologia
Doutor em Genetica e Biologia Molecular
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WACHSMANN, LEVY DOMINIQUE. "Immunite des muqueuses : etude de la reponse immune locale apres stimulation orale par des antigenes proteiques et polysaccharidiques de streptococcus mutans." Strasbourg 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13125.
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Said, Zulfahmi. "Analysis of corticosteroid drug delivery using tissue engineered oral mucosa for the treatment of inflammatory mucosal diseases." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22529/.
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Introduction: Tissue-engineered oral mucosa (TEOM) is increasingly being used to assess drug delivery and toxicity, as well as for modeling oral diseases. Current TEOM models are constructed using primary oral fibroblasts and keratinocytes that display donor-to-donor variability and whose widespread use is restricted by availability and ethic limitations. To address these issues, an attractive approach is the development of TEOM using immortalised cells. Aim: This study aimed to construct and characterise TEOM based on TERT2-immortalised oral keratinocytes (FNB6) cells and use these TEOM to assess the toxicity and delivery of corticosteroids using a novel electrospun-based oral patch. Methods: TEOM were constructed by culturing immortalised FNB6 oral keratinocytes on top of a normal oral fibroblast (NOF)-populated collagen type 1 hydrogel in tissue culture transwell inserts at an air-to-liquid interface (ALI) for up to 14 days. The TEOM were characterised using histological, immunohistological, ultrastructural (TEM), tissue viability (AlamarBlue), trans-electrical resistance (TEER), and permeability (FITC-dextran) analysis. Cytotoxicity assessment of seven corticosteroids was performed using MTT assay on monolayer cultures (FNB6 and NOF cells) and TEOM. Novel mucoadhesive bilayer patches containing clobetasol 17-propionate (CP) were subjected to morphological, physicochemical, drug release, swelling and cytotoxicity analysis. In vitro permeation studies of the corticosteroids against TEOM was measured using HPLC. The immunosuppressive effect of delivered CP against activated Jurkat T-cells was assessed by measuring changes in interleukin-2 (IL-2) release. Results: Histologically, TEOM mimicked native oral mucosa displaying a stratified epithelium, fibroblast-containing connective tissue and basement membrane. IHC revealed the expression markers for differentiation (cytokeratin 4,13,14), proliferation (Ki-67), cell adhesion (E-cadherin, claudin-4). Furthermore, TEM confirmed the presence of desmosomes and hemidesmosomes in the epithelium. Maximal TEOM viability was found up to day 25 and maximal TEER value was exhibited at day 20 (155.8 Ω.cm2). Permeability analysis showed that only small molecules (3 kDa) could pass through the epithelium. Differential drug sensitivity of corticosteroids against monolayer cultures was ranked as follow; CP > BU > BD > BV > TA > HV > HB by IC50 value, and this was similar for TEOM although IC50 values were higher for 3D models. Novel mucoadhesive bilayer patches containing CP exhibited good physicochemical characteristics and drug release profiles. Toxicity testing to the OECD standard revealed that patch delivered CP was considered a non-irritant. Oral mucosal delivered CP using liquid or patch formulation into the TEOM tissue or receptive medium was both dose and time-dependent. In addition, both liquid and patch delivered CP significantly reduced the secretion of IL-2 by activated Jurkat T cells in a TEOM model replicating an oral inflammatory disease. Conclusion: FNB6 TEOM models are able to mimic the native oral mucosa and have the potential to be used for drug delivery and toxicity evaluation. Oral patch-delivered CP was able to cross the TEOM and inhibit the IL-2 secretion of activated T cells, suggesting that this mode of drug delivery could be used to treat oral inflammatory diseases.
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Sukotjo, Cortino. "Wit 3.0, a novel gene derived from edentulous oral mucosa, encodes cytoplasmic molecules facilitating oral mucosa wound contraction." Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2002. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1568361991&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Fonollosa, Pla José María. "Influencia del monómero residual, el diseño y la falta de ajuste de las prótesis dentales con soporte mucoso, en las lesiones de la mucosa oral." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671700.
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Introducció. La patologia de la mucosa oral inclou lesions i alteracions relacionades amb l'ús de pròtesis dentals de suport mucós elaborades amb materials acrílics, tant recents com antigues. La seva etiologia pot ser degut a l'traumatisme d'un mal ajust o disseny que no aconsegueix transmetre de forma homogènia les forces oclusals i / o genera friccions, contactes i sobrepressions, sobre la mucosa oral i els teixits tous adjacents. En altres ocasions seran els elements químics dels materials els responsables de determinades reaccions mucoses, tant per restes de monòmer lliure com d'altres compostos de les resines acríliques. Les hipòtesis de treball, d'una banda, apunten cap als dissenys incorrectes ia la falta d'ajust com a possibles causes de determinades lesions a la mucosa oral i, de l'altra, a les tècniques aplicables als sistemes de processat de l'material acrílic autopolimeritzable per reduir la presència de monòmer residual i, en conseqüència, evitar reaccions que poden generar una estomatitis al·lèrgica de contacte en el pacient.
Objectiu. Determinar la relació entre les lesions dels teixits bucals d'etiologia protèsica, en pacients portadors de pròtesis dentals completes, amb aspectes del seu disseny, de la seva falta d'ajust i amb els procediments de polimerització dels materials acrílics amb què es fabriquen.
Mètode. S'ha realitzat un estudi observacional, descriptiu, transversal, de sèrie de casos, prevalents, per tant retrospectiu, en pacients portadors de pròtesis dentals completes, completes unimaxil·lars i parcials removible classe I i II de Kennedy
Resultats. Sobre 144 pacients s'han analitzat 288 pròtesis superiors i inferiors que han originat lesions agudes i cròniques en un 18,40% per disseny incorrecte i en un 12,15% per falta d'ajust. Les resines autopolimerizables amb tractament durant i després de la polimerització no han generat estomatitis al·lèrgica de contacte en 25 pacients amb pròtesis completes - 50 pròtesi-, 59 pacients amb pròtesi completa unimaxilar i 154 pròtesis parcials classe I i II de Kennedy.
Conclusió. El disseny incorrecte i la falta d'ajust de les pròtesis completés estan relacionats amb algunes lesions de la mucosa oral. El tractament tèrmic i hídric en les resines autopolimerizables durant i després de la seva polimerització ha resultat eficaç per evitar la presència de estomatitis al·lèrgica de contacte.Introducción. La patología de la mucosa oral incluye lesiones y alteraciones relacionadas con el uso de prótesis dentales de soporte mucoso elaboradas con materiales acrílicos, tanto recientes como antiguas. Su etiología puede deberse al traumatismo de un mal ajuste o diseño que no consigue transmitir de forma homogénea las fuerzas oclusales y/o genera roces, contactos y sobrepresiones, sobre la mucosa oral y los tejidos blandos adyacentes. En otras ocasiones serán los elementos químicos de los materiales los responsables de determinadas reacciones mucosas, tanto por restos de monómero libre como de otros compuestos de las resinas acrílicas. Las hipótesis de trabajo, por un lado, apuntan hacia los diseños incorrectos y a la falta de ajuste como posibles causas de determinadas lesiones en la mucosa oral y, por otro, a las técnicas aplicables a los sistemas de procesado del material acrílico autopolimerizable para reducir la presencia de monómero residual y, en consecuencia, evitar reacciones que pueden generar una estomatitis alérgica de contacto en el paciente. Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre las lesiones de los tejidos bucales de etiología protésica, en pacientes portadores de prótesis dentales completas, con aspectos de su diseño, de su falta de ajuste y con los procedimientos de polimerización de los materiales acrílicos con los que se fabrican. Método. Se ha realizado un estudio observacional, descritivo, transversal, de serie de casos, prevalentes, por lo tanto retrospectivo, en pacientes portadores de prótesis dentales completas, completas unimaxilares y parciales removible clase I y II de Kennedy Resultados. Sobre 144 pacientes se han analizado 288 prótesis superiores e inferiores que han originado lesiones agudas y crónicas en un 18,40% por diseño incorrecto y en un 12,15 % por falta de ajuste. Las resinas autopolimerizables con tratamiento durante y después de la polimerización no han generado estomatitis alérgica de contacto en 25 pacientes con prótesis completas - 50 prótesis-, 59 pacientes con prótesis completa unimaxilar y 154 prótesis parciales clase I y II de Kennedy. Conclusión. El diseño incorrecto y la falta de ajuste de las prótesis completase están relacionados con algunas lesiones de la mucosa oral. El tratamiento térmico e hídrico en las resinas autopolimerizables durante y después de su polimerización ha resultado eficaz para evitar la presencia de estomatitis alérgica de contacto.
Introduction. The pathology of the oral mucosa includes injuries and alterations related to the use of mucosal-bearing dental prostheses made with acrylic materials, both recent and old. Its etiology may be due to the trauma of a poor fit or design that fails to transmit the occlusal forces in a homogeneous way and / or generates friction, contacts and overpressures on the oral mucosa and adjacent soft tissues. On other occasions, the chemical elements of the materials will be responsible for certain mucosal reactions, both due to free monomer residues and other compounds of acrylic resins. The working hypotheses, on the one hand, point to incorrect designs and a lack of fit as possible causes of certain lesions in the oral mucosa and, on the other, to the techniques applicable to the processing systems of self-curing acrylic material to reduce the presence of residual monomer and, consequently, avoid reactions that can generate allergic contact stomatitis in the patient. Objective. To determine the relationship between oral tissue injuries of prosthetic etiology, in patients with complete dental prostheses, with aspects of their design, their lack of fit and with the polymerization procedures of the acrylic materials with which they are manufactured. Method. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, case series study, prevalent, therefore retrospective, has been carried out in patients with complete, complete unimaxillary and partial removable Kennedy class I and II dental prostheses. Results. Out of 144 patients, 288 upper and lower prostheses have been analyzed that have caused acute and chronic injuries in 18.40% due to incorrect design and in 12.15 % due to lack of adjustment. Self-curing resins with treatment during and after polymerization have not generated allergic contact stomatitis in 25 patients with complete dentures - 50 dentures -, 59 patients with unimaxillary full dentures, and 154 Kennedy class I and II partial dentures. Conclusion. Incorrect design and poor fit of complete dentures are related to some lesions of the oral mucosa. Heat and water treatment of self-curing resins during and after polymerization has been effective in preventing the presence of allergic contact stomatitis.
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Gibson, Rachel J. "Chemotherapy-induced mucositis : mechanisms of damage, time course of events and possible preventative strategies /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg4481.pdf.
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FRANCESCHINI, FABIO GIULIO. "Correlazioni esistenti tra parodontologia e medicina orale. Lesioni delle mucose orali versus malattia parodontale. Aspetti diagnostici e terapeutici." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/19339.
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Our study describes the relationship between periodontal disease and oral mucosal lesions. At first we analysed classification criteria of oral lesions in order to provide a point of reference for an adequate description. In a second time we started to describe periodontal disease, that is a common pathology all over the world with high costs for therapy and rehabilitations. Also classification of periodontal disease is important, because there are different types of disease, with various clinical aspects. We used the AAP (American Academy of Periodontology) classification of 1999, that reports: gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, periodontitis related to systemic diseases, necrotizing periodontitis, periodontal abscess, periodontitis associated to endodontic lesions, acquired and developed deformities and conditions. In the second part we described oral mucosal lesions, starting with infective diseases on the basis of etiologic agents: bacterial, viral (with viral neoplasms), fungal, parasitic and syphilitic lesions. In the third part we described autoimmune lesions, in particular the erythema multiform. In the fourth part we analysed the neoplastic and pre-neoplastic diseases, in particular squamous cell carcinoma and leukoplakia. Fifth section is dedicated to “border lesions”, because they are studied both in periodontology and oral medicine. These diseases are the desquamative gingivitis, lichen planus, pemphigoid, pemphigus, linear IgA disease, chronic ulcerative stomatitis and epulid.
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Rees, Shiona Rachel. "Allergy and oral mucosal disease." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368579.
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Kinikoglu, Beste F. "Tissue Engineering Of Full-thickness Human Oral Mucosa." Phd thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612770/index.pdf.
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Tissue engineered human oral mucosa has the potential to fill tissue deficits caused by facial trauma or malignant lesion surgery. It can also help elucidate the biology of oral mucosa and serve as an alternative to in vivo testing of oral care products. The aim of this thesis was to construct a tissue engineered full-thickness human oral mucosa closely mimicking the native tissue. To this end, the feasibility of the concept was tested by co-culturing fibroblasts and epithelial cells isolated from normal human oral mucosa biopsies in a collagen-glycosaminoglycan-chitosan scaffold, developed in our laboratory to construct a skin equivalent. An oral mucosal
equivalent closely mimicking the native one was obtained and characterized by histology, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Using the same model, the influence of mesenchymal cells on oral epithelial development was investigated by culturing epithelial cells on lamina propria, corneal stroma and dermal equivalents. They were found to significantly influence the thickness and the ultrastructure of the epithelium. Finally, in order to improve the adhesiveness of conventional scaffolds, an elastin-like recombinamer (ELR) containing the cell adhesion tripeptide, RGD, was used in the production of novel bilayer scaffolds employing lyophilization and electrospinning. These scaffolds were characterized by
mercury porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy and mechanical testing. In vitro tests revealed positive contribution of ELR on the proliferation of both fibroblasts and epithelial cells. It was thus possible to construct a viable oral mucosa equivalent using the principles of tissue engineering.
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Sorrentino, Rita. "Three dimensional oral mucosa models: development and applications." Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/114910.
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Animal experimentation has been extensively and for a long time applied in several research fields, but since 2011 it has been substantially limited by the Commission of the European Parliament to ensure people/animals safety and reduce research costs. To respond to these directives, many attempts have been focused on the development and validation of new in vitro 3D systems, bypassing the traditional 2D cell cultures. In this regard, diverse approaches to tissue-engineered bone and oral mucosa have been developed. Despite the promising premises and the cutting-edge results, the used 3D in vitro bone-oral mucosal models still lack interaction between the mucosal and the bone components. Therefore, this project aimed to create 3D models, entirely made with primary human cells (keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts), able to mimic the natural structure and interaction of bone and oral mucosa. In the present work, the regulatory role of the mesenchymal tissue onto epithelia was evaluated. The main results showed that that during the differentiation hMSC produce and secrete factors that induce the keratinization and the expression of the marker of differentiation CK10; in particular in the
middle stage of differentiation (OB14). The proteomic analysis revealed that this effect can be ascribable to KGF
secretion. This finding may impact the design of new implantable devices able to induce, alone, the epithelial
growth and keratinization to improve implant graft avoiding epithelial graft linked to the morbidity of another
zone. Moreover, we also showed that OM might have a pro-innervation effect, at least during the last stages of
keratinocytes stratification. Finally, we obtained and characterized an innervated mucoperiosteal model that could
open new in vitro frontiers for oral biomaterials validation as well as improve knowledge regarding the
mesenchymal stem cells roles onto oral mucosa development.
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Santos, Patricia Barros dos. "Efeito imunomodulatório do resveratrol em células do sistema imune in vitro e na administração via oral de ovalbumina em camundongos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9134/tde-06082010-142006/.
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O resveratrol, um polifenol de origem natural, é descrito como uma substância antiinflamatória, antioxidante, cardioprotetora e anticancerígena. Diversos estudos comprovam a atividade imunomodulatória do resveratrol in vitro e in vivo, estimulando ou diminuindo a secreção de citocinas envolvidas na resposta Th1/Th2. Além do uso em vacinas como adjuvantes, a descoberta de novas substâncias imunomodulatórias pode ser aplicada na profilaxia e tratamento de doenças imunodegenerativas com perda da tolerância sistêmica ou periférica. O objetivo desse estudo é relacionar o efeito modulador do resveratrol em ensaios de endocitose em macrófagos e de secreção de citocinas IL-6(produção de IgA) e IL-10(resposta Th2 e tolerância em mucosas) com a produção de anticorpos anti-ova IgG e IgA após imunização via-oral. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que in vitro, houve aumento da endocitose em macrófagos e diminuição na secreção de IL-6 pelas células isoladas de placas de peyer em concentrações abaixo de 50 µM de resveratrol. Após a administração oral de resveratrol de 5 mg e 10 mg/kg observou-se o aumento significativo da secreção de IL-10 em esplenócitos isolados de camundongos Balb/C. Nos grupos imunizados com 1 mg de ovalbumina/animal e resveratrol (5 mg e 10 mg/kg) via oral 2 vezes, com 14 dias de intervalos, houve aumento significativo da produção de IgG sérico em relação ao grupo imunizado somente com ovalbumina. Porém a produção de IgA sérico e em lavado intestinal diminuiu, indicando um possível aumento da tolerância oral. Esses resultados demonstram o efeito imunomodulador do resveratrol in vitro/in vivo e a necessidade de maiores estudos sobre o uso desta substãncia como adjuvante de vacinas ou uma droga imunossupressora de mucosa.Resveratrol, a polyphenol of natural origin, is described as a substance-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective and anticancer. Several studies have demonstrated the immunomodulatory activity of resveratrol in vitro and in vivo, stimulating or decreasing the secretion of cytokines involved in Th1/Th2 response. Besides the use as adjuvants in vaccines, the discovery of new immunomodulatory substances can be applied for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases imunodegenerativas with loss of peripheral tolerance or systemic. The aim of this study is to relate the modulating effect of resveratrol on tests of endocytosis in macrophages and secretion of IL-6 (IgA production) and IL-10 (Th2 response and mucosal tolerance) with the production of anti-ova IgG and IgA after oral immunization route. The results of in vitro tests showed an increase of endocytosis in macrophages and decrease in IL-6 secretion by cells isolated from Peyer\'s patches at concentrations below 50 mM of resveratrol. After oral administration of resveratrol 10 mg / kg was observed to significantly increase the secretion of IL-10 in splenocytes isolated from Balb / C. In groups immunized with 1 mg ovalbumin / animal and resveratrol (5 mg and 10 mg / kg) orally two times with 14 days intervals, significant increase of IgG level in relation to the group immunized with ovalbumin only. But the production of IgA in serum and intestinal lavage decreased, indicating a possible increase in oral tolerance. These results demonstrate the immunomodulatory effect of resveratrol in vitro / in vivo and the need for more studies on substance use as a vaccine adjuvant or immunosuppressive drugs mucosa.
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Baumgart, Cristina da Silva. "Influência da condição bucal, hábitos e fatores socioedemográficos no padrão citológico da mucosa bucal normal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/152972.
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Proposição: Avaliar a associação entre as condições de saúde bucal, fatores comportamentais e sociodemográficos e o padrão citopatológico da mucosa bucal de homens adultos. Correlacionando o padrão citopatológico quantitativo e qualitativo com as variáveis bucais e sociodemográficas. Materiais e Métodos: A partir de dois esfregaços, um da borda da língua e outro do assoalho bucal de 117 homens com mais de 25 anos, foram quantificadas cem células de cada. As células foram coradas pelo método Papanicolaou modificado e classificadas em: Escamas, células superficiais com núcleo, células intermediárias e células parabasais. Variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais foram coletadas a partir de um questionário estruturado. Índice CPO-D e uso de próteses foram registradas a partir de um exame clínico intra-oral.As análises foram conduzidas utilizando o pacote estatístico Stata versão 10. O indivíduo foi considerado a unidade analítica. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 5%. Resultados: No total das células na borda da língua, 75% eram intermediárias, 20% superficiais com núcleo e 5% escamas, sendo que células parabasais foram raramente observadas. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas para todas as variáveis em estudo em todos os tipos celulares, com exceção da ingestão de bebidas alcoólicas.Observou-se percentual significativamente maior de escamas e células superficiais com núcleo nos indivíduos que ingeriam de álcool comparados aos que não ingerem. Para as células intermediárias, o percentual foi significativamente menor nos indivíduos que bebem comparados aos que não bebem. Um padrão semelhante de distribuição celular foi observado no assoalho de boca. O consumo de álcool foi o único fator comportamental que influenciou significativamente no padrão citológico da mucosa bucal dos indivíduos analisados nos modelos multivariados. Conclusões: Foi encontrada associação entre um dos fatores comportamentais (o álcool) e o padrão citopatológico da mucosa bucal de homens adultos. As demais variáveis estudadas não apresentaram associação significativa com o padrão de descamação da mucosa bucal normal com a técnica utilizada.Proposition: To evaluate the association between oral health status, socio- demographic and behavioral factors and standard cytology of the oral mucosa of adult men. Correlating the standard cytopathology quantitative and qualitative with oral and sociodemographic variables. Materials and Methods: From two smears, one edge of the tongue and other oral floor of 117 men over 25 years old, were quantified hundred cells each. Cells were stained with modified Papanicolaou method and classified into: Scales, superficial cells with nuclei, intermediate and parabasal cells. Sociodemographic and behavioral variables were collected from a structured questionnaire. DMFT index and use of prostheses were recorded from a clinical intra - oral.As analyzes were conducted using Stata version 10. The individual was considered the analytical unit. The level of significance was set at 5 %. Results: In total cells at the edge of the tongue 75% were intermediate, 20% core surface scales and 5%, and parabasal cells were rarely observed. No significant differences were observed for all study variables in all cell types, with the exception of beverage intake alcoólicas.Observou is significantly greater percentage of scales and superficial cells in the core subjects ingestores alcohol compared to those who do not drink. For intermediate cells, the percentage was significantly lower in individuals who drink compared to those who do not drink. A similar pattern of cell distribution was observed in the floor of mouth. Alcohol consumption was the only factor that significantly influenced the behavioral cytology of the oral mucosa of individuals analyzed in the multivariate models. Conclusions: An association between a behavioral factor (alcohol) and standard cytology of the oral mucosa of adult men. The other variables were not significantly associated with the default scaling of normal oral mucosa with the technique used.
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Silva, Rosiane Maria da 1979. "Diferentes padrões de infiltrado celular e citocinas distinguem formas clínicas da paracoccidioidomicose." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308980.
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Orientador: Maria Heloísa de Souza Lima BlottaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: A paracoccidioidomicose (PCM), micose sistêmica causada pelo fungo Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, apresenta um largo espectro de manifestações clínicas e imunológicas, variando de formas benignas e localizadas a quadros graves e disseminados. A forma crônica ou adulta (FA) se caracteriza por lesões localizadas com acometimento da pele, mucosa oral (MO) e pulmões; enquanto a forma aguda ou juvenil (FJ) é mais grave e disseminada com acometimento do fígado, baço e linfonodos (LNs). Nós examinamos a resposta inflamatória/imunológica em lesões de pacientes com formas clínicas distintas da PCM. Foram analisados a expressão de citocinas e o fenótipo das células presentes nos infiltrados de biópsias de mucosa oral de 15 pacientes com a forma adulta e de linfonodos de 15 pacientes com a forma juvenil da PCM por imuno-histoquímica (IHQ) e qPCR. Anticorpos monoclonais ou policlonais foram utilizados para caracterizar o infiltrado celular (CD68, CD15, CD3, CD8, CD56 e FOXP3), citocinas...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), a systemic disease caused by the fungus P. brasiliensis, presents with a wide spectrum of clinical and immunological manifestations, varying from benign and localized forms to severe and disseminated forms. The chronic or adult form (AF) is characterized by localized lesions with involvement of the skin, oral mucosa (OM) and lungs. While the acute or juvenile form (JF) is more severe and presents disseminated widespread with the involvement of the liver, spleen and lymph nodes (LNs). In order to examine the inflammatory/immune response in lesions of patients with different clinical forms of PCM, we analyzed the expression of cytokines as well as the phenotype of the cells in the inflammatory infiltrate. Paraffin-embedded OM biopsies from 15 patients with the localized AF of PCM and LN from 15 patients with the JF of PCM were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and qPCR. Monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies were used to characterize the cellular infiltrate (CD68, CD15, CD3, CD8, CD56, and FOXP3), cytokines...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document
Mestrado
Ciencias Biomedicas
Mestre em Ciências Médicas
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Healy, Claire Marie. "Recurrent oral ulceration : in vivo and in vitro studies." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250670.
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Tyrer, Peter Charles, and n/a. "Targeting M-cells for oral vaccine delivery." University of Canberra. Health Sciences, 2004. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060427.122012.
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An in vitro model of the follicle-associated epithelia that overlie the Peyer's patches of the
small intestine was developed and validated to examine the mechanisms of mucosal antigen
sampling. This model displays many phenotypic and physiological characteristics of M cells
including apical expression of [alpha]5[beta]l integrin and enhanced energy dependent participate
transport. CD4+ T-cells were shown to be an important influence on the development of Mlike
cells.
The model was used to examine the M cell mediated uptake of several putative whole-cell
killed bacterial vaccines. Greater numbers of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae NTHi
289, NTHi 2019, Escherichia coli 075 HMN and Streptococcus pneumoniae were
transported by model M cells compared to control Caco-2 enterocyte-like cells. Studies in
isolated murine intestine segments confirmed the selective uptake of NTHi 289 and
Escherichia coli demonstrating that intestinal mucosal sampling of these antigens is
performed by M cells. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was not absorbed as whole cell bacteria but
as soluble antigen, as indicated by the presence of bacterial DNA in the cytoplasm of
epithelial cells. These results suggest that bacteria such as NTHi and E. coli are sampled by
the mucosal immune system in a different manner to that of bacteria such as Pseudomonas.
A number of potential cell surface receptors were investigated to identify which molecules
are responsible for intestinal uptake whole-cell killed bacteria. Immunofluorescence studies
detected the presence of toll-like receptor-2, toll-like receptor-4, PAF-R and [alpha]5[beta]l integrin
on in vitro M-like cell cultures. Examinations of murine intestine confirmed the presence of
TLR-4 and PAF-R. TLR-4 was found in small quantities and on M cells. In contrast to the M
cell model, TLR-2 expression in the murine intestine was sparse.
Receptor inhibition experiments provided evidence for the involvement of TLR-4, PAF-R
and [alpha]5[beta]l integrin in M cell uptake of killed bacteria both in vitro and in vivo.
This thesis has contributed valuable information regarding the mechanisms of uptake of
whole-cell killed bacteria by the intestinal mucosal immune system. For the first time, M cell
sampling of whole-cell killed bacteria has been demonstrated. Furthermore, the receptors
involved in these processes have been identified. This information will be of great use in the
development and optimisation of new oral vaccines.
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Lage, Denise 1979. "Doenças liquenoides da pele e mucosa oral = análise histológica e imuno-histoquímica = Lichenoid diseases of the skin and oral mucosa : histological and immunohistochemical analysis." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312892.
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Orientador: Maria Letícia CintraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: O líquen plano (LP) pode afetar a pele e/ou as mucosas. Histologicamente apresenta infiltrado linfo-histiocitário na junção epitélio-tecido conjuntivo e apoptose de células epiteliais basais. No LP oral (LPO), ocorre erosão frequente pela maior intensidade da necrose. O LP cutâneo (LPC) e o LPO apresentam características histopatológicas similares, mas o curso clínico é diverso. O LPC costuma ter seu curso limitado, enquanto o LPO é frequentemente recidivante. A erupção liquenoide a droga (ELD) desenvolve-se após semanas da ingestão do medicamento e a resolução do quadro é lenta após a interrupção, dificultando o diagnóstico diferencial com o LP idiopático. Os achados clínicos e histológicos podem ser indistinguíveis daqueles do LP, mas a patogênese da ELD não é conhecida. Diferenças locais no sistema imune da mucosa oral e pele poderiam explicar a diversidade no comportamento clínico do LP. Quanto à ELD, há poucas publicações sobre as alterações imunes que atuam no seu desenvolvimento. A citotoxidade celular é mediada, dentre outros mecanismos, por grânulos contendo granzima B e perforina, produzidos por linfócitos T citotóxicos e células natural killers. Com o objetivo de estudar a citotoxicidade celular na patogênese destas doenças, foram analisadas 29 amostras de LPO, 16 de LPC e 6 de ELD. Os cortes foram corados pela H&E e técnica de imuno-histoquímica, para a demonstração de linfócitos CD4 e CD8, macrófagos HAM 56+ e MAC 387+, granzima B, perforina e ICAM-1. As amostras de LPO apresentaram maior densidade de células granzima B+ e perforina+, em comparação às do LPC. Nos dois grupos de doenças, quanto maior era o número de células perforina+, maior era o de células granzima B+. Maior número de células CD4-positivas foi encontrado nas lesões ativas, quando comparado com o das regressivas, no LPO, mas não no LPC. À comparação entre o LPC e a ELD, quanto maior o número de células CD8-positivas, maior era o número de células que expressavam a perforina no grupo LPC. Quanto maiores eram os valores da granzima B, maiores os da perforina, no grupo LPC. Quanto maiores eram os valores da granzima B, maiores os de células apoptóticas agregadas, no grupo da ELD. Nas amostras do LPC, quanto maiores os valores das células T, maiores os dos macrófagos HAM56-positivos e vice-versa. Nas amostras da ELD, foi encontrada correlação negativa entre o número de células T e o de histiocitos jovens (MAC 387+). Havia correlação positiva entre o número de células T e o de células CD8, no grupo da ELD. O mesmo não ocorreu, no grupo do LPC. Concluindo, a expressão aumentada dos grânulos citotóxicos no LPO pode estar associada à maior gravidade da doença na mucosa. Os resultados favorecem um papel mais importante da granzima B e linfócitos TCD8+, no mecanismo patogenético da ELD, comparativamente com o da perforina, de maior importância no LPC. É possível que a ação da granzima B esteja ligada ao número abundante de clusters encontrado na ELD. Embora o LPC e a ELD apresentem semelhanças clínicas e histológicas, a etiopatogênese parece ser distinta
Abstract: Lichen planus (LP) can affect the skin and/or mucous membranes. Histologically it presents lymphohistiocytic infiltrate in the epithelium-connective tissue junction and apoptosis of basal epithelial cells. In oral LP (OLP), erosion occurs frequently by higher intensity of necrosis. Cutaneous LP (CLP) and OLP present similar histopathological features, but the clinical course is diverse. Spontaneous remission is common in CLP, but OLP follows a prolonged course, with periods of remission and relapse. Lichenoid drug eruption (LDE) develops after weeks of drug intake and the resolution of lesions is slow after drug discontinuation, hampering the differential diagnosis with (idiopathic) LP. Clinical and histological findings of LDE may be indistinguishable from those of LP, but LDE pathogenesis is poorly understood Local differences in the immune system of the skin and oral mucosa could explain the diversity in the clinical behavior of CLP and OLP. Regarding LDE, there are few publications on the immune changes that act in its development. Cellular cytotoxicity is mediated, among other mechanisms, by granules containing perforin and granzyme B, produced by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells. In order to study cellular cytotoxicity in the pathogenesis of these diseases, we analyzed 29 samples of OLP, 16 of CLP and 6 of LDE. The sections were stained for H&E and immunohistochemically targeted with CD4, CD8, HAM 56, MAC387, granzyme B, perforin and ICAM-1. OLP specimens exhibited higher density of cytotoxic granules (perforin and granzyme B) when compared with CLP. In both groups of diseases, the greater the number of perforin+ cells, the greater was the number of granzyme B+ cells. Increased number of CD4+ cells was found in active lesions as compared with the regressive ones in OLP but not in the CLP. The comparison between CLP and LDE revealed that the greater the number of CD8+ cells, the greater the number of cells expressing perforin in CLP group. The higher were the values of granzyme B, the higher the perforin values in the CLP group; the higher were the values of granzyme B, the higher the number of clusters of apoptotic cells in the LDE group. Within CLP group, the higher were the values of T cells, the greater the number of HAM56+ macrophages and vice versa. In LDE samples, negative correlation was found between the number of T cells and young histiocytes (MAC 387+). There was a positive correlation between the number of T cells and CD8 cells in LDE group, but not in CLP group. Concluding, increased expression of cytotoxic granules in OLP may be associated with greater mucosa severity. The results favor a greater role of granzyme B and CD8+ lymphocytes in the pathogenic mechanism of LDE, when compared with perforin, of greater importance in CLP. It is possible that the action of granzyme B is connected to the abundant number of clusters found in LDE. Although CLP and LDE present clinical and histological similarities, the etiopathogenesis appears to be distinct
Doutorado
Anatomia Patologica
Doutora em Ciências Médicas
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Blalock, Emily Lauren. "Comparative Study of HPV 16 and HPV 18 Antibody Detection in Serum, Cervical Mucus, and Oral Mucosal Transudate." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/biology_theses/19.
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Measuring HPV exposure relies on detection of HPV type-specific antibodies, but methods are not standardized. Additionally, there is little information on the best sample type for HPV antibody detection. This study validated pseudovirion neutralization (PVN) assay for HPV antibody detection and compared it to IgG ELISA. Both assays were applied to paired serum and cervical mucus samples. Additionally, PVN assay was utilized to evaluate the feasibility of oral mucosal transudate (OMT) samples to monitor the HPV immune response. Serum was more likely to be positive on PVN assay than on IgG ELISA (p= 0.025). Both assays correlated with HPV-16 DNA status. HPV-18 PVN assay results correlated with HPV-18 DNA status. Few cervical mucus samples had detectable antibodies; no correlation with HPV DNA status was seen. OMT results were unsatisfactory. PVN assay was more sensitive than IgG ELISA; serum was a more reliable indicator of HPV-16/18 antibody status than cervical mucus.
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Korkmaz, Hatice. "The translocation and phosphorylation of eNOS in cells of the oral mucosa : the mucous saliva as a regulating factor for translocation and phosphorylation of eNOS in epithelial cells of the rat palatal mucosa /." Köln, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000254273.
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Board, Davies Emma. "The antibacterial properties of oral mucosa lamina propria-progenitor cells." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/91227/.
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Despite the rich oral microflora, infections within the oral cavity are rare. Rapid wound healing within the oral mucosa occurs, potentially due to the presence of oral mucosa lamina propria-progenitor cells (OMLP-PCs). OMLP-PCs are a novel population of multipotent cells known to possess immunosuppressive properties,through contact-independent mediated mechanisms. Many immunomodulatory soluble factors are also documented to have dual functions as antimicrobials; leading to the hypothesis that OMLP-PCs possess antibacterial properties in addition to their published immunoregulatory actions. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial properties of OMLP-PCs and to define the mechanisms of action. A further aim of this study was to determine whether the antibacterial potential of OMLP-PCs was affected during disease, specifically Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD). The antibacterial properties of OMLP-PCs were compared between cells isolated from healthy donors and patients with oral chronic GVHD. During this study it was determined that OMLP-PCs possess constitutive antibacterial properties against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria which are mediated through the release of soluble factors. LL37 and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase are known to mediated the antibacterial properties of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells, however this study determined that these factors did not play a role in the OMLP-PCs antibacterial effects. It was established that osteoprotegerin, haptoglobin and prostaglandin E2 in part mediate the antibacterial effects of OMLP-PCs. For the first time, direct antibacterial properties of osteoprotegerin were demonstrated against Gram positive bacteria. Furthermore, OMLP-PCs isolated from GVHD patients did not display antibacterial properties. It was further established that the secretion of innate cell chemoattractants was dysregulated in OMLP-PCs isolated from GVHD patients compared to healthy controls. This finding demonstrates that during GVHD, the oral mucosa is unable to regulate the oral microflora and sufficiently recruit innate immune cells during infection.
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Rousseau, André. "Cyclin D1 gene amplification and protein overexpression in dysplastic oral mucosa and oral cancer." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0015/MQ53416.pdf.
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Ferrari, Junia Carolina Linhares. "Utilização do laser de baixa densidade (LILT) para tratamento da mucosite induzida em hamsters : comparação clínica e histopatológica entre parâmetros de irradiação /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104221.
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Orientador: Fabio Cesar Braga de Abreu e LimaBanca: Rosane Lizarelli
Banca: Marcelo Chaves Donizeti
Banca: Cyneu Pansani
Banca: Elaine Maria Sgavioli Massucato
Resumo: A cavidade oral é alvo freqüente dos efeitos tóxicos dos agentes antineoplásicos por apresentar tecidos com rápida divisão celular, comparável à dos tumores malignos. Uma das complicações orais mais freqüentes da quimioterapia é a mucosite, uma alteração de caráter inflamatório para a qual ainda não existe tratamento definido. Considerando-se a relevância clínica da mucosite, é importante encontrar meios para tratá-la. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do LILT na redução da incidência e da severidade da mucosite induzida em hamsters. O quimioterápico 5-FU foi aplicado em 60 animais (distribuídos em 5 grupos) nos dias 0 e 2 do experimento, nas doses de 90 e 60 mL/Kg de peso, respectivamente. Para simular o efeito de uma irritação crônica, as mucosas jugais dos animais foram escarificadas nos dias 3 e 4. Aplicou-se o LILT em 3 pontos da mucosa jugal direita dos animais dos Grupos I, II, III e IV em dias alternados. Os animais do Grupo V não receberam tratamento. Nos dias 8 e 12 do experimento, as mucosas de 6 animais por grupo foram removidas para avaliação histopatológica. A partir de fotografias tiradas diariamente, a mucosite foi classificada clinicamente. O teste de Mann-Whitney demonstrou haver diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p<0,05) entre os grupos tratados com laser e o grupo não tratado quando se comparou, clinica e histopatologicamente, a intensidade da mucosite induzida. Concluiu-se que a aplicação do LILT, nos parâmetros determinados para este estudo, promoveu a redução da severidade da mucosite oral e acelerou a cura das lesões, parecendo haver maior melhora nos animais que receberam 12 e 72 J/cm2.
Abstract: Toxic and dose-limiting effects of antineoplastic agents in oral cavity are frequently observed during cancer therapy. The available therapies are not able to destroy tumor cells without causing damage to the rapid dividing cells in normal tissues like the epithelial cells in the oral mucosa. Mucositis is the most debilitating side effect, for which there is no established treatment. Considering the clinical significance of mucositis, it is important to find ways to treat this condition. The present study was conducted to evaluate the LILT effects on reduction of chemotherapy-induced mucositis in hamsters. Mucositis was induced in 60 animals with intraperitoneal injections of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on days 0 and 2, associated with cheek pouches scarification on days 3 and 4. Animals were dived in 5 groups and groups I, II, II, IV and V received laser irradiation at three points in right cheek pouch, at alternate days. Group V received no treatment. The cheek pouches of 6 animals in each group were dissected for histophatological examination on days 4 and 12. Daily photographs were taken and mucositis was clinically scored. The nonparametric test of Mann- Whitney showed statistical difference between treated and non treated group (p<0.05). It was concluded that the LILT protocols established for this study reduced the severity of oral mucositis and accelerated the healing process, with better results when 12 and 72 J/cm2 were used.
Doutor
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Rodriguez, Francisco Jose. "Oral mucositis in children receiving bone marrow transplantation." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008m/rodriguez.pdf.
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Ribeiro, Mariana Goveia Melo. "Detecção e genotipagem do papilomavírus humano (HPV) em mucosa oral de pacientes do Estado de Sergipe, Brasil." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3253.
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Infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the sexually transmitted viral disease most prevalent in world. The infections can range from asymptomatic establishment to induction of squamous cell carcinomas. It has been discussed the correlation of HPV infection and the development and/or aggravation of lesions in the oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of HPV and its genotypes in patients with oral lesions and in healthy oral mucosa of users and non-users of drugs in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. Thirty-nine patients aged 2 to 83 years with clinically detectable lesions in the oral mucosa and 106 patients with healthy oral mucosa between 11 and 79 years were evaluated. Samples were collected by exfoliating the oral mucosa. For quality control of DNA extraction beta-globin PCR was performed. HPV DNA was detected using primers MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+. Genotyping was performed by multiplex-PCR with specific primers for HPV types 6, 16 and 18. Our study detected the virus in all types of lesions evaluated. The occurrence of HPV was 76.92% (30/39) in patients with oral lesions. The most common virus type was HPV-6 in 56.67% (17/30), followed by HPV-18 in 26.67% (8/30) and HPV-16 in 6.67% (2/30). Positive results were found in 83.02% (88/106) of patients with healthy oral mucosa. The most common virus type was HPV-6 in 45.45% (40/88), followed by HPV-18 in 35.23% (31/88) and HPV-16 in 4.54% (4/88). Between multiple drug users 86.67% (52/60) were positive and multiple HPV infections were identified in 23.08% (12/52). At |non-users| the occurrence was 78.26% (36/46). A high occurrence of HPV was found in the study, both in oral lesions and in healthy mucosa. Rates of HPV detection in the oral cavity vary markedly in the world and make the relationship between HPV and oral carcinogenesis still controversial. Additional studies to evaluate the role of human papillomavirus in the development of lesions in the oral mucosa are necessary. There are few data available on the frequency of oral HPV infection in Brazilian population and especially among drug users. Other studies on HPV prevalence among drug users are needed for a better understanding of their exposure to the virus and for the development of prevention strategies.A infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) é a doença viral sexualmente transmissível mais prevalente no mundo. Suas infecções podem variar de assintomáticas à indução de Carcinomas de Células Escamosas. Entre os agentes infecciosos associados ao câncer oral, tem-se discutido a correlação da infecção por HPV em mucosa oral e o desenvolvimento e/ou agravamento das lesões. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência do HPV e seus genótipos em pacientes com lesão oral e em mucosa oral saudável de usuários e não-usuários de drogas no estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Foram avaliados 39 pacientes com idade entre 2 e 83 anos, com lesões clinicamente detectáveis na mucosa oral e 106 pacientes com mucosa oral saudável entre 11 e 79 anos. As amostras foram coletadas por esfoliação da mucosa oral. Para o controle de qualidade da extração de DNA foi utilizado PCR para beta-globina. DNA-HPV foi detectado utilizando primers MY09/MY11 e GP5+/GP6+. A genotipagem foi realizada através de multiplex-PCR com primers específicos para os tipos virais 6, 16 e 18. Nosso estudo detectou DNA-HPV em todos os tipos de lesões avaliadas. A prevalência do HPV foi de 76,92% (30/39) nos pacientes com lesões orais. O tipo viral mais frequente foi o HPV-6, presente em 56,67% (17/30), seguido do HPV-18 em 26,67% (8/30) e do HPV-16 em 6,67% (2/30). DNA-HPV foi encontrado em 83,02% (88/106) dos pacientes com mucosa oral sadia. O tipo viral mais frequente foi o HPV-6, presente em 45,45% (40/88), seguido do HPV-18 em 35,23% (31/88) e do HPV-16 em 4,54% (4/88). Entre usuários de múltiplas drogas 86,67% (52/60) foram positivos e infecções múltiplas por mais de um tipo viral foram identificadas em 23,08% (12/52) dos indivíduos. Entre os "não usuários" a taxa de infecção pelo HPV foi de 78,26% (36/46). Desta forma, foi verificada uma alta ocorrência do HPV em nosso estudo, tanto em lesões orais quanto em mucosas saudáveis. As taxas de detecção do vírus em cavidade oral variam acentuadamente no mundo e tornam a relação do HPV com o processo de carcinogênese oral ainda controversa. Isso faz necessária a realização de estudos adicionais que avaliem o papel do Papilomavírus Humano no desenvolvimento de lesões na mucosa oral. Há poucos dados disponíveis sobre a frequência de infecção oral por HPV na população brasileira e especialmente entre usuários de drogas. Novos estudos sobre a prevalência do HPV entre usuários de drogas são necessários para melhor compreensão da sua exposição ao vírus e o desenvolvimento de estratégias de prevenção.
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Cox, Stephen Clive. "Studies in areca nut use & its possible role in oral pre-malignancy & oral submucous fibrosis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4714.
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Lima, Marina de Deus Moura de. "Correlação entre a presença do HPV na boca e no colo uterino de pacientes com sorologia positiva e negativa para o HIV." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23141/tde-29092009-091212/.
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A infecção genital pelo papilomavírus humano (HPV) corresponde a uma das doenças sexualmente transmissíveis mais frequentes no mundo. Uma preocupação dos pacientes que apresentam HPV na região anogenital diz respeito à possibilidade de disseminação desse vírus para outras partes do corpo. O objetivo geral desse estudo foi avaliar a possível correlação existente entre infecções pelo HPV na mucosa oral e no colo uterino em mulheres com sorologias positiva e negativa para o HIV. Pretendeu-se, também, identificar variáveis clínicas, demográficas e laboratoriais associadas à infecção oral pelo HPV. A amostra foi constituída por 200 pacientes do gênero feminino, sendo 100 com sorologia positiva para HIV (grupo 1) e 100 com sorologia negativa para HIV (grupo 2). As pacientes foram incluídas consecutivamente no Centro de Referência e Treinamento em DST-AIDS entre abril de 2008 a maio de 2009. Todas as pacientes assinaram um Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido e responderam a uma ficha com questionamentos sobre hábitos e comportamento sexual. Além disso, tiveram as cavidades oral e ginecológica examinadas, sendo que células superficiais de ambos os locais foram coletadas e avaliadas pela captura híbrida 2 e pela citologia em base líquida. Para comparação de variáveis qualitativas, como freqüências e proporções, foi utilizado o teste de qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher, se necessário. Para comparação de dados quantitativos, foram utilizados os testes de Mann-Whitney ou t de Student. A análise multivariada foi executada utilizando-se o teste de regressão logística, sendo que o valor de significância estatística estabelecido foi de 5% (p<0,05). O DNA do HPV foi detectado nas amostras cervicais de 41 (41%) pacientes HIV+ e de 45 (45%) HIV- (p=0.67). Nas amostras da cavidade oral, o DNA do HPV foi observado em 11 mulheres do G1 (HIV+) e em 2 mulheres do G2 (HIV-) (OR=6,06; 95%IC=1,31-28,07; p=0,02). Os subtipos oncogênicos foram prevalentes em ambos os grupos, sendo que não foi observada diferença entre os grupos (p=0.87). Nenhuma paciente apresentou lesão macroscópica oral relacionada ao HPV, sendo que 15 (15%) mulheres do G1 (HIV+) e 17 (17%) do G2 (HIV-) apresentaram lesão macroscópica na região genital (p=0.2129). Com os resultados obtidos pôde-se concluir que nesta população não houve correlação entre a infecção pelo HPV nas mucosas oral e cervical. Além disso, as pacientes HIV+ apresentaram maior prevalência de infecção pelo DNA-HPV na boca em comparação às pacientes HIV-.Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted viruses worldwide with both oral and genital manifestations. The high prevalence of HPV infection among HIV + individuals provides an opportunity to elucidate the relationship between oral and cervical HPV-infection in this group of subjects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible association between oral and cervical infections in HIV-positive and negative patients. One hundred HIV+ (group 1) and 100 HIV- (group 2) women were recruited consecutively from a gynecologic clinic between April 2008 and May 2009. All subjects were given a cervical and oral examination. Cytological samples were evaluated by the hybrid capture 2 technique from oral and cervical scrapings. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test and p values < 0.05 were considered significant. HPV-DNA was detected in cervical scrapings from 41 (41%) HIV-positive subjects and from 45 (45%) HIVnegative subjects (p=0.67). In oral samples, HPV-DNA was observed in 11 subjects from group 1 and in 2 subjects from group 2 (p=0.02). High-risk HPV subtypes were prevalent in both groups and no difference between the groups was detected (p=0.87). No subject showed macroscopic oral HPV-related lesion, whereas 15 (15.00%) from group 1, and 17 (17.00%) from group 2, presented with macroscopic genital lesion (p=0.2129). HPV-DNA was more frequent in oral mucosa of HIV+ patients than HIV- (p=0,018). There was no association between oral and cervical HPV infection in HIV+ and HIV- patients. Presence of cervical lesion was not associated with oral lesion.
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ALBUQUERQUE, Monica Regina Barros de Moura. "Melanoma Maligno de Mucosa da Região de Cabeça e Pescoço e de Mucosa Oral: Frequência Relativa e Estudo Clínicopatológico." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2012. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/12650.
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Introdução: O melanoma maligno mucoso de cabeça e pescoço é uma neoplasia rara, consistindo em cerca de 0,2% a 8% dos melanomas que acometem outras localizações do corpo. A maior ocorrência do melanoma mucoso oral é, em média, de 41 a 60 anos de idade. A patogênese da doença é desconhecida e os seus principais fatores prognósticos são: estágio da doença; profundidade de invasão; invasão vascular; necrose; população de células tumorais polimórficas; aumento da idade; desenvolvimento de metástases linfonodais distantes; ulceração; locais anatômicos; pigmentação melânica. Os locais mais acometidos da cabeça e pescoço são as cavidades oral e nasal, as regiões do palato duro, gengiva e rebordo alveolar. Objetivo: Verificar a frequência relativa do melanoma maligno de mucosa de cabeça e pescoço (cavidade oral, rinofaringe, orofaringe e seio maxilar) e suas características clínico-patológicas em um período de 20 anos (1991 a 2010) em hospital de referência para tratamento de câncer no Estado de Pernambuco. Métodos: A coleta de dados ocorreu no Departamento de Patologia do Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco (HCP) no período compreendido entre outubro de 2010 a dezembro de 2011. Foram obtidos 889 casos de melanoma cutâneo e mucoso em diversas regiões anatômicas. Através de consulta aos laudos e prontuários dos pacientes e, posteriormente, da obtenção de blocos de parafina e lâminas, foram excluídos os casos de melanomas cutâneos, os de melanomas mucosos em regiões que não foram em cabeça e pescoço e os casos que representaram lesões secundárias a partir de primários cutâneos. Foram selecionados para o presente estudo 08 casos de melanoma mucoso em cabeça e pescoço. As lâminas histológicas foram analisadas quanto aos aspectos dos elementos histopatológicos que interferem no prognóstico. Todos os dados clínicos e anatomopatológicos aferidos foram registrados em uma ficha padrão, tendo por base o protocolo padrão da Sociedade Brasileira de Patologia (2005). Resultados: Dos 08 casos selecionados (0,90%), observou-se a predominância da lesão na faixa etária entre 51 e 60 anos e entre 71 e 80 anos, com a proporção de 1:1 entre os sexos. A maior ocorrência da lesão foi na região do lábio: lábio superior (37,5%) e lábio inferior (25%), mucosa jugal (12,5%), palato duro (12,5%) e região submandibular (12,5%). Os principais fatores prognósticos encontrados foram: morfologia celular fusiforme, ulceração, espessura de tumor de 4 a 8,3 mm, nível de Prasad et al. (2004), II e III; nível de Clark IV e V, índice mitótico de 1 a 8, infiltrado linfocitário intratumoral, infiltrado inflamatório peritumoral, formação de satélites microscópicos e linfonodos acometidos. Conclusões: O melanoma maligno mucoso primário de cabeça e pescoço é uma enfermidade pouco comum no Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco. Não se constatou diferença de acometimento entre gêneros. As faixas etárias de maior ocorrência localizam-se após a 5ª década de vida. A região anatômica mais acometida foi o lábio superior. Houve maior frequência das características associadas a um pior prognóstico, tais como presença de ulceração, nível de invasão III de Prasad, níveis IV e V de Clark e profundidade de invasão de 8,0 a 8,3 mm.
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Ng, William Man Fai. "The effect of volatile thiol compounds on permeability of oral mucosa." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26508.
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Cumulative clinical and experimental evidence indicates that volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) the principal components of oral malodour, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. As their (H₂S and CH₃SH) concentrations in gingival sulci increase with the severity of periodontal involvement, the objective of this investigation is to ascertain if they exert an effect on the permeability of oral mucosa.
Permeability determinations were performed on excised porcine sublingual mucosal specimens which consisted of non-keratinized epithelium, basal membrane and connective tissue layers mounted in a two compartment perfusion apparatus. Using radioactive and fluorescent-labelled penetrants, it was found that exposure of the epithelial surface to an atmosphere containing physiological concentrations of both thiols (15 ng H₂S or CH₃SH / ml of 95% air - 5% C0₂) increased the permeability of the mucosa to (³⁵S)-S0₄⁻², (³H)-prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and fluorescein isothiocyanate labelled E. coli lipopolysaccharide (F-LPS). A three hour exposure of the mucosa to H₂S and CH₃SH resulted in a 75% and 103% increase respectively in permeability to (³⁵S)-labelled sulphate ion. Similarly, the mercaptan induced up to a 70% increase in permeability of the mucosa to (³H)-prostaglandin E₂. The
magnitude of changes in the permeability were found to depend on duration of exposure to the thiols and to their concentration. Studies using (³⁵S)-H₂S suggest that the observed changes in the tissue permeability are related to the reaction of the thiols with tissue components. In addition, the (³⁵S)-H₂S is capable of perfusing through all three layers of the mucosa at 12.3 ng / cm². In contrast to H₂S , the CH₃SH effect was irreversible in
control air / C0₂ environment. This infers that CH₃SH is
potentially a more deleterious agent to the tissue barrier. However, its effect can also be reversed by treatment of tissues with 0.22% ZnCl₂ either prior to or after exposure to mercaptan.
This suggests that Zn⁺² ion may be useful in preventing the potentially harmful effects of VSC.
Fluorescent studies with F-LPS indicate that thiols can also potentiate the penetration of endotoxin. Whereas the fluorescence of the F-LPS in control systems was confined to the superficial
epithelial layer in contact with the endotoxin, the CH₃SH-
exposed mucosa exhibited fluorescence throughout the epithelial and connective tissue layers. Fluorescent staining of the mucosal specimens with fluorescein diacetate followed by counter staining with ethidium bromide provides evidence of membrane impairment to some cells by CH₃SH. Collectively these
observations provide strong experimental evidence that the VSC, products of putrefaction produced in the gingival sulcus by oral microflora, may adversely affect the integrity of the crevicular barrier to deleterious agents and thus contribute to the etiology of periodontal disease.Dentistry, Faculty of
Graduate
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Kulkarni, Upendra D. "Optimization of porcine buccal mucosa for in vitro evaluation." Scholarly Commons, 2007. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/652.
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Porcine buccal mucosa has been extensively used as in vitro model to study the permeability of drugs and assess their potential to deliver through buccal route. Porcine buccal mucosa is found to be very similar to human oral mucosa in structure and function. However, the in vitro permeation studies across porcine buccal mucosa show high variability which is mostly due to the various experimental and biological variables that are often overlooked while conducting such studies.
The precise nature of the permeability barrier offered by the various tissue layers of buccal mucosa was investigated in this study. It was observed that the permeability of model diffusants decreased significantly with an increase in the connective tissue layer. However, the epithelium offered a stronger barrier to permeation of all diffusants studied at mucosal thickness of up to 500 |tm. The epithelium acted as a stronger barrier for hydrophilic diffusants when compared to lipophilic diffusants.
It was also observed that the permeability of model diffusants was significantly higher in the region behind lip when compared to the middle cheek region which is due to lower epithelial thickness in that region. Porcine buccal mucosa retained its integrity in Kreb's bicarbonate Ringer solution at 4 °C for 24 hours and many other storage conditions resulted in loss of epithelial integrity. Separation of epithelium from the underlying connective tissue by heat treatment, did not adversely affect its permeability and integrity characteristics.
Influence of experimental temperature on the permeability of model compounds across porcine buccal mucosa was also investigated in vitro. An exponential relationship was observed between the apparent permeability and temperature. It was found that the activation energy of diffusion of the model compounds decreased linearly with increasing distribution coefficients across porcine buccal mucosa. This suggested that the buccal mucosa acted as a stronger barrier for diffusion of hydrophilic diffusants when compared to the lipophilic diffusants.
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Tupper, Satt Andrea Cecilia. "Daño oxidativo en individuos fumadores y no fumadores con mucosa oral clínicamente sana utilizando citología oral en base líquida." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2006. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/144008.
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Trabajo de Investigación Requisito para optar al Título de Cirujano DentistaLos individuos fumadores presentan cambios invisibles en la mucosa oral clínicamente sana, los cuales han sido detectados en estudios citológicos. No ha sido adecuadamente establecido si el tabaco es capaz de producir daño oxidativo en el ADN de las células de la mucosa oral expuesta al tabaco, mecanismo que podría estar involucrado en la carcinogénesis oral. El objetivo de este trabajo fue detectar daño oxidativo en células de la mucosa oral del borde de lengua de individuos fumadores y no fumadores y asociarlo con las variables edad e intensidad del hábito de fumar. Además, cuantificar los tipos de células queratinizadas. Se obtuvieron 30 muestras citológicas de individuos fumadores de más de 10 cigarrillos al día por más de 5 años y una muestra pareada por edad y sexo de individuos no fumadores, ambos grupos con mucosa oral clínicamente sana. Las muestras fueron obtenidas con cepillos para frotis Cervex brush Prep R R , procesadas con el sistema de citología en base líquida Thin Pap system de Cytyc Corporations UK y teñidas con el anticuerpo monoclonal para la detección de 8-OHdG (8 –hydroxyguanine) principal marcador de estrés oxidativo en el ADN y, además con PAP. La intensidad de tinción nuclear fue cuantificada utilizando el programa de procesamiento de imágenes Image J (NIH). Encontramos que los individuos fumadores presentaron un valor promedio de tinción nuclear mayor que los no fumadores, 183.21; DS. 15.87 y 160.95; DS. 20.84 (p=0,000019) respectivamente. No encontramos relación entre el promedio de tinción nuclear y la edad e intensidad del hábito de fumar. Además se observaron porcentajes similares de los tipos de células queratinizadas en fumadores y no fumadores. Concluimos que las células de la mucosa oral del borde de lengua de los individuos que fuman presentaban mayor daño oxidativo en el ADN, evidenciables con técnicas citológicas no invasivas. Esta metodología podría utilizarse para el monitoreo de pacientes con hábitos asociados a mayor riesgo de desarrollo de cáncer oral.
Financiado por Proyecto DID de Iniciación I-12 03/10-4 Vicerrectoría de Asuntos Académicos. Universidad de Chile.
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Mörée, Agnes. "Gold and mercury in the oral mucosa in patch-tested patients with oral lichen lesions." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19701.
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Kim, Yeon Jung [UNESP]. "Avaliação do efeito da Artin M no processo de repação em mucosa mastigatória." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104723.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Artin M é uma lectina purificada de sementes de Artocarpus heterophyllus que, recentemente, mostrou-se capaz depromover aceleração da cicatrização de lesões por queimadura de pele ou por abrasão da córnea em ratos e coelhos. O objetivo desta tese foi avaliar os efeitos da Artin M no processo de reparação da mucosa mastigatória bucal, por meio de modelos de estudo in vivo. Primeiro estudo: Três feridas cirúrgicas circulares de 6 mm de diâmetro foram criadas na mucosa palatina de 20 cães, e divididas aleatoriamente em 3 grupos de acordo com os tratamentos: C – controle (não tratados), A - Artin M, V - veículo. Quatro animais de cada grupo foram sacrificados após 2, 4, 7, 14 e 21 dias póstratamento e suas maxilas analisadas clinicamente quanto ao padrão de cicatrização, seguido de análise histológica, imuno-histoquímica para antígeno nuclear de proliferação celular (PCNA) e atividade de mieloperoxidase. Clinicamente, o grupo A demonstrou melhor cicatrização em todos os períodos quando comparada aos outros grupos (p<0,05). A análise histológica mostrou ter havido no grupo A maior estimulação na produção de fibras colágenas, maturação do tecido de granulação e organização do epitélio. A imunolocalização de PCNA mostrou uma maior tendência na proliferação celular em lesões do grupo A principalmente nos dias iniciais (p<0,05). O influxo de neutrófilos mostrou-se estatisticamente aumentado no grupo A quando comparado aos outros grupos nos dias 2 e 4 (p<0,05). Conclui-se que a Artin M promoveu aceleração na reparação das feridas na mucosa mastigatória em cães, via recrutamento de neutrófilos e indução da proliferação celular. É bem conhecido o envolvimento de mediadores biológicos como citocinas...
Artin M, lectin from Artocarpus heterophyllus seeds, has been demonstrated to stimulate recruitment and activation of neutrophil and mast cells. Furthermore, it has been shown to accelerate the process of wound healing on burn injuries and corneal epithelial lesions in rats and rabbits, respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Artin M on wound healing in palatal mucosa in two animal models. Study 1: Three wounds of 6 mm full thickness were surgically created in the hard palate mucosa of twenty dogs. The wounds of each animal were randomly divided into three groups according to one of the treatment assigned: C– Control (nontreated), A- Artin M gel, and V– Vehicle (carboxymethylcellulose 3% gel). Four animals per group were sacrificed at 2, 4, 7, 14 and 21 days post-surgery. Before sacrifice, wounded areas were photographed and scored for macroscopic healing evaluation. Afterwards, maxillary tissue were harvested and divided to perform histological analysis, immunohistochemical staining against Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) and measurement of myeloperoxidase activity. Clinical analysis showed that wound closure was accelerated in group A in comparison to other groups in all periods. Histological features showed enhanced reepithelization and collagen fiber formation resulting in faster maturation of granular tissue in group A compared to the other groups, by day 14. Artin M treatment significantly induced cells proliferation at day 2 and 4 (p<0.05). Neutrophils infiltration in the group A was significantly higher than in the other groups at days 2 and 4 (p<0.05). The results suggest that Artin M gel may potentially facilitate wound healing on palatal mucosa via the recruitment of neutrophils and promotion of cells proliferation. It is well known that cytokines and growth... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Villouta, Bascuñán María-Renée. "Frecuencia y expresión clínica de lesiones de mucosa oral en pacientes del Servicio de Diagnóstico." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/134422.
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Trabajo de Investigación Requisito para optar al Título de Cirujano DentistaAutor no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento
El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las patologías de la mucosa oral más frecuentes entre los pacientes que acuden al Servicio de Diagnóstico de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Chile, y su asociación con factores demográficos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo donde se analizaron las fichas clínicas y registros de 14.479 pacientes que acudieron al servicio entre Enero de 2001 y Diciembre de 2008, registrándose, edad, sexo, diagnóstico, localización anatómica y expresión clínica de las lesiones. El 3.40% (n=493) de los pacientes presentaron patologías de la mucosa oral, de ellos 65.11% mujeres y 34.88% hombres. Las lesiones más frecuentes fueron las reaccionales (23.32%), la localización anatómica más frecuente fue la cara interna de la mejilla (19.91%) y lengua (19.49%). La expresión clínica más frecuente fue el tumor (34.92%). Las diez lesiones de mucosa oral más frecuentes fueron el pseudofibroma (15.41%), Liquen plano (8.52%), UROs (8.11%), Candidiasis (7.10%), Granuloma telangectásico (6.50%), CEC (6.90%), Penfigoide mucoso (5.07%), Papiloma (4.26%), Leucoplasia (3.66%) y Queilitis Actínica (2.84%). Los resultados del presente estudio coinciden en gran medida con los reportados por la literatura internacional.
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OKA, TOHRU, MASARU NAGAYAMA, TOSHIO KANEDA, and MINORU UEDA. "Clinical Evaluation of Reversed Dermis Graft for Reconstruction of Oral Mucosa." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/17490.
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Al-Johani, K. "Outcomes of therapy of immunologically-mediated diseases of the oral mucosa." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/751812/.
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Immune-mediated diseases (IMDs) can give rise to long standing painful oral mucosal disease which adversely affect oral function and perhaps lessens quality of life. The present series of studies, retrospectively determine the clinical presentation and long-term efficacy and safety of treatment of large groups of patients with oral lichen planus, mucous membrane pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris and orofacial granulomatosis. These diseases are some of the challenging disorders to be managed by oral medicine specialists. It was found that patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) rarely have extra-oral manifestations of LP. The symptoms of OLP can generally be controlled with topical corticosteroids and/or tacrolimus. While tacrolimus is not notably better than topical corticosteroids for the management of OLP, it does not seem to increase any risk of malignant transformation. Adverse side effects are uncommon with topical corticosteroids, while 21% of patients with OLP may have adverse side effects with tacrolimus, particularly unpleasant taste. In the present cohort of 49 patients with orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) the onset of disease was characterised by facial swelling in 50% and the long-term behaviour of OFG was characterised by the development of further clinical manifestations with most patients developing orofacial swelling and/or intra-oral ulceration. The response of OFG to therapy was typically remitting and although a lessening of soft tissue swelling oral ulceration could generally be achieved with topical and/or systemic therapy. Complete remission of facial swelling occurred in 50% of patients within 3 years of therapy but may be achieved quicker when intra-lesional corticosteroids are used. Spontaneous remission was rare. Significant adverse side effects to therapy were rare. In a cohort of 62 patients, mucous membrane pemphigoid typically manifested as recurrent oral mucosal ulceration and/or desquamative gingivitis and 32.3% patients had some extra-oral involvement. Treatment generally lessened painful symptoms however gingival lesions rarely resolved. Adverse side effects affected 50% of patients; however in the majority of affected individuals these were minor. In a cohort of 40 patients with pemphigus vulgaris the mouth was often the initial site of involvement but other mucocutaneous sites could be affected. Management necessitated topical and systemic therapy. Adverse side effects occurred in 50% patients and were mainly associated with systemic immunosuppressive agents (e.g. azathioprine). The results of this present study indicate that the long-term treatment of IMDs of the oral mucosal are challenging to both the patients and clinicians. While many patients do experience an improvement in their disease status, many do not. The precise impact of IMDs upon the quality of life of affected individuals remains unclear.
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Rivarola, de Gutiérrez Emilce M. "Tratamiento con antioxidantes locales de patologías inflamatorias de la mucosa oral." Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2015. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/10031.
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El estrés oxidativo es causado por un desequilibrio entre la producción de especies reactivas del oxígeno (ROS) generadas en el metabolismo normal, y en mayor grado en la inflamación; y la capacidad de los tejidos para neutralizar los reactivos intermedios o reparar el daño resultante.
En las patologías de la mucosa bucal, que incluye este trabajo, se ha demostrado la presencia de estrés oxidativo en la fisiopatogenia. Las patologías evaluadas son: liquen plano bucal (LPB), síndrome de ardor bucal, mucositis y aftas. El grupo de los pacientes con LPB fue subdividido en: formas erosivas incluyendo al LPB erosivo y a la forma ampollar y formas no erosivas, abarcando esta última categoría: LPB reticular, queratósico, atrófico y pigmentario. Se estudió el efecto de un tratamiento local con antioxidantes extraídos de las uvas, antocianinas, comparándolo con los tratamientos habitualesFil: Rivarola de Gutiérrez, Emilce M.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Odontología.
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Best, Mark. "Oral mucosa-nanoparticle interactions and uptake pathways in formulation excipient profiling." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2014. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/dbad162f-6df6-40d6-ac5d-148d77b5aff8.
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Nanomaterials are generally defined as chemical substances or materials that contain particles with one or more dimensions less tl1an 100 nanometres in size. They may be either engineered or naturally occurring, but have unique properties due to a vastly increased surface area to volume ratio when compared to non-nano (bulk) materials. This provides the potential for the development of a wide range of enhanced formulations with superior efficacy including applications in oral health care .. As the properties of a material change at the nano-scale, there are concerns that the toxicological profile of these materials may also change. Size is only one factor; changes in shape, surface chemistry, chemical composition, porosity and solubility all contribute to the overall biological toxicity profile of a nano-scale ingredient. Established links between the specific properties of a nanomaterial and toxicity are not well understood, leaving an important data gap in the literature. The purpose of this work was to utilise in vitro oral epithelial models for the assessment of safety profiles of nanomaterials for applications in next generation oral care products. Four commercially sourced nanomaterials were analysed, alongside respective bulk counterparts already found within oral care product formulations. These nanomaterials comprised of two nano-zinc oxides (ZnO), silicon dioxide (SiOz), titanium dioxide (TiOz) and hydroxyapatite (Cas(OH)(P04)'). Comprehensive characterisation of each material was carried out using a range of analytical techniques to identify any structure-function relationships in vitro. Initial toxicity screening experiments were conducted using a non-keratinised oral epithelial cell monolayer (H376 cell line) with both cell viability and lysis analysed using MTT and LDH assays respectively. Materials were investigated further using two 3-dimensional tissue models representative of the main tissue types constituting the human oral mucosa: non-keratinised buccal (RHO) and keratinised gingival (GIN-lOO) models. Nanomaterial uptake in the models was investigated using confocal microscopy with a styrl dye (FM 1-43). This led to the development of a novel, high throughput fluorescent assay as a potential method for screening nanoparticle-uptake. Results highlighted the complexities involved with nano-characterisation in biological media using current techniques. A wide variety of particle shapes and sizes were recorded between different nanomaterials, with results being dependent upon the sample preparation steps and specific methods of analyes used. These disparities represent the current challenges experienced by both researchers and regulators of nanotechnology at the present time. ZnO \vas observed to be the most cytotoxic material during monolayer screening, at concentrations exceeding 0.3125% w/v when delivered in protein-free media. Differences between bulk and nanomaterial properties were recorded for all the materials, except for Ti02, but these did not necessarily transfer to effects seen in the more representative 3-D models. Cytotoxicity results from both R1--10 and GIN-lOO models exemplified the disparity between sensitivity of monolayer and the natural stratified tissue structure of human oral mucosa. Keratinised gingival tissue models showed slgnificantly greater durability over the less robust buccal model, in both cytotoxicity assays and IL- lcx cytokine response. Of all materials examined, cellular uptake was only observed for nano-Si02. This was the only material detected trafficking inside the cell using the FM 1-43 styryl dye assay, with confocal data serving to verify the analysis of nanoparticle Internalisation using fluorescence. In conclusion, nanomaterials pose considerable difficulties during formulation and analysis in health care products. The risk of potential uptake and bioaccumulation or translocation to particularly sensitive areas of the body also requires further investigation. Nanomaterials have to be assessed on a case by case basis, and robust/consistent regulatory strategies developed to enable industry to produce and market novel but safe nanoparticle containing formulations. Risks to human health may be less of a hazard when applied to fully functioning healthy human tissue, especially in comparison to existing bulk material effects and current, accepted irritant ingredients (e.g. Sodium lauryl sulphate).
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Ferrari, Junia Carolina Linhares [UNESP]. "Efeito do laser terapêutico na mucosite induzida por 5-fluoruracila (5-FU) em hamsters." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95486.
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A cavidade oral é alvo freqüente dos efeitos tóxicos dos agentes antineoplásicos por apresentar tecidos com rápida divisão celular, comparável à dos tumores malignos. Uma das complicações orais mais freqüentes da quimioterapia é a mucosite, uma alteração de caráter inflamatório para a qual ainda não existe tratamento definido. Essa complicação oral provoca desconforto e dor severa, dificulta a alimentação e pode determinar a interrupção do tratamento antineoplásico. Considerando-se a relevância clínica da mucosite, é importante encontrar meios para tratá-la. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do laser terapêutico na redução da incidência e da severidade da mucosite induzida em hamsters. O quimioterápico 5-FU foi aplicado em 60 animais nos dias 0 e 2 do experimento, nas doses de 90 e 60 mL/Kg de peso, respectivamente. Para simular o efeito de uma irritação crônica, as mucosas jugais dos animais foram escarificadas nos dias 3 e 4. Aplicou-se o laser terapêutico (InGaAlP, 683 nm, 12 J/cm2) em 5 pontos da mucosa jugal direita e esquerda de 30 animais (Grupo I), durante 7 dias. Os animais do Grupo II não receberam tratamento. O Grupo III (controle negativo) foi composto por 5 animais que não receberam o protocolo de indução de mucosite. Nos dias 0, 4, 8, 12 e 15 do experimento, as mucosas de 6 animais dos Grupos I e II foram removidas para avaliação histopatológica. A partir de fotografias tiradas diariamente, a mucosite foi classificada clinicamente. O teste de Mann-Whitney demonstrou haver diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p<0,05) entre o grupo tratado com laser e o grupo não tratado quando se comparou, clinica e histopatologicamente, a intensidade da mucosite induzida. Concluiu-se que a aplicação do laser de baixa intensidade, nos parâmetros determinados para este estudo, promoveu a redução... .
Toxic and dose-limiting effects of antineoplastic agents in oral cavity are frequently observed during cancer therapy. The available therapies are not able to destroy tumor cells without causing damage to the rapid dividing cells in normal tissues like the epithelial cells in the oral mucosa. Mucositis is the most debilitating side effect, for which there is no established treatment. This oral complication restricts intake of food and liquids, causes discomfort, severe pain and may determine interruption of the cancer therapy, interfering on the disease control. Considering the clinical significance of mucositis, it is important to find ways to treat this condition. The present study was conducted to evaluate the laser therapy effects on prevention or reduction of chemotherapy-induced mucositis in hamsters. Mucositis was induced in 60 animals with intraperitoneal injections of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on days 0 and 2, associated with cheek pouches scarification on days 3 and 4. Thirty animals (Group I) received laser irradiation at five points in each cheek pouch, for seven consecutives days. Laser parameters were set to 685 nm, 12 J/cm2 and 30 mW. Other 30 animals (Group II) received no treatment. In Group III, 5 animals represented the baseline control. The cheek pouches of 6 animals from Groups I and II were dissected for histophatological examination on days 0, 4, 8, 12, and 15. Daily photographs were taken and mucositis was clinically scored. The nonparametric test of Mann-Whitney showed statistical difference between treated and nontreated group (p<0.05). It was concluded that the low intensity laser therapy protocol established for this study reduced the severity of oral mucositis and accelerated the healing process, although it has not prevented the appearance of oral manifestations.
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Barrett, Andrew W. "Immunological studies of human oral mucosal Langerhans cells." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333511.
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Govender, Shogan. "Oral physiological pigmentation in a Western Cape sample." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6514.
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Magister Chirurgiae Dentium - MChDOral physiological pigmentation presents with great variability with respect to sites, forms, patterns and contrasts in colour. Knowledge of the existence of pigmented lesions and their significance remained unclear for both the general public and oral clinicians alike. The possibility of malignant transformation of some pigmented lesions makes them important to monitor and biopsy. The prevalence of physiological pigmentation is unknown for the defined population group in this study. The results will be beneficial as part of a larger multicentre study with South Africa (Feller et al, 2015). Methodology: A cross sectional analytical study of patients that attended the University of the Western Cape Oral Health centres for routine treatment was conducted. After obtaining informed consent, patients were screened and asked a series of questions using a standardized questionnaire. From these completed questionnaires a prevalence relating to oral physiological pigmentation was determined. Oral physiological pigmentation did not have a male or female predominance in this study population group, but was associated with increased age. Oral pigmentation seemed to be well represented after 18 years of age. Patients were not usually aware of the pigmented gingiva unless being made aware off it.
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Ahmed, Zeeshan. "Diffusivity of non-spherical nanomaterials in intestinal mucus." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS136.
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RésuméL'administration orale est souvent préférée au recours au voies parentérales invasives. Toutefois, pour que l’administration orale soit efficace, il est nécessaire que les caractéristiques physico-chimiques et pharmacocinétiques des molécules soient favorables. Ainsi, le caractère fragile et/ou l’absorption intestinale incomplète de nombreuses molécules ne permettent pas leur administration par la voie orale en raison notamment : (i) d’une grande dilution de la molécule active et / ou sa destruction dans les liquides biologiques, (ii) d’un temps de séjour insuffisant devant la muqueuse en raison des mécanismes de péristaltisme et de clairance, ce qui aboutit à une absorption incomplète. (iii) d’une faible perméabilité apparente de la membrane intestinale.L'association des molécules actives à des nanoparticules conçues de manière à permettre l'augmentation du temps de séjour et de la concentration locale de médicament au contact direct de la muqueuse digestive durant la phase d’absorption permet de résoudre ces différents problèmes. Ainsi, l'effet de la taille des nanoparticules et leurs propriétés de surface sur leurs caractéristiques muco-adhésives a été largement étudié. Alors que jusqu’à présent les nanoparticules étudiées étaient sphériques, la possibilité récemment introduite de produire des nanoparticules non-sphériques à partir de polymères pharmaceutiquement acceptables a ouvert de nouvelles perspectives. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif principal de cette thèse a été d'étudier l'impact des la morphologie des nanoparticules sur leur comportement mucoadhésif. Le travail expérimental a compris les étapes suivantes: (i) la production et la caractérisation d'une bibliothèque de nanoparticules de morphologie contrôlée et (ii) l’étude de l'impact de leur morphologie sur leur diffusivité dans le mucus qui tapisse l'épithélium intestinal. Dans cet objectif, des nanoparticules oblongues ou en forme de disque ont été fabriquées par une technique de déformation physique de nanoparticules parentes constituées de poly(cyanoacrylate d'alkyle) et de géométrie sphérique. Dans ce procédé, les nanoparticules sphériques étaient déformées de manière contrôlée après leur dispersion dans un film de poly (alcool vinylique) suivi de son étirage. Des nanoplaquettes hexagonales ont également été préparées, mais par une technique d’auto-association de polysaccharides hydrophobisés et d’alpha-cyclodextrine. Quelle que soit leur forme, ces particules ont été décorées en surface par du chitosane, du chitosane thiolé ou de l'acide hyaluronique. Leur comportement diffusif dans le mucus a été étudiée par micoscopie de fluorescene permettant le suivi individuel des particules préalablement marquées et l'analyse détaillée de leurs trajectoires dans différentes milieux. La conclusion générale de cette étude est que la décoration de surface par les polysaccharides et la morphologie des nanoparticules jouent conjointement un rôle dans leur diffusion au sein du mucus. Ainsi, l'analyse des trajectoires suggère que la diffusion se produit essentiellement au sein d’espaces confinés présents au sein de la microstructure hétérogène du mucus. Il en résulte que l’immobilisation des nanoparticules dans le mucus dépend à la fois de leur géométrie et de la nature du polysaccharide à leur surface. Les particules décorées par le chitosane et le chitosane thiolés, tous deux connus pour leurs caractéristiques mucoadhésives, ont été la plupart du temps immobilisées, tandis que les plaquettes constituées d’acide hyaluronique présentaient une plus grande diffusivité en comparaisonAbstractOral delivery is often preferred to invasive parenteral routes, provided that drug physicochemical and pharmacokinetics characteristics are adequate. However, effective delivery of many fragile and/or poorly absorbed drugs still represents unfulfilled challenge for the pharmaceutical community because at least one of the following drawbacks: (i) large drug dilution and/or destruction in biological fluids. (ii) insufficient residence time in front of the absorptive due to peristaltism and clearance mechanisms. (iii) low apparent permeability of the intestinal membrane.Encapsulation of drugs in adequately engineered nanoparticles showed its ability to partially solve some aspects of these drawbacks, thanks to increases in residence time and local drug concentration in vicinity of the mucosal wall. While the effect of NP size and surface properties on their mucoadhesive characteristics has been extensively studied, the production of non-spherical nanoparticles from pharmaceutically acceptable polymers has recently been made feasible. In this context, the main objective of this thesis was to investigate the impact of Nps shape on their mucoadhesive behaviour. The experimental work consisted in : (i) producing and characterizing a library of NPs with controlled shape and (ii) to study the impact of NP morphology on their diffusivity into the intestinal mucus lining the intestinal epithelium. Elongated and disc shape NPs were designed by stretching of spherical poly(alkylcyanoacrylate) NPs using a poly(vinyl alcohol) film stretching method. Alternatively, flattened hexagonal platelets were obtained by self-association of hydrophobically-modified polysaccharides and alpha-cyclodextrin. Whatever their shape, these particles were surface decorated with chitosan, thiolated chitosan and hyaluronic acid. Their diffusive behaviour in mucus has been investigated by single particle tracking after fluorescent-labelling and detailed analysis of their trajectories. As a general picture, both polysaccharidic surface decoration and shape had an impact on NPs diffusion. In accordance with the heterogenous microstructure of the mucus, analysis of particles trajectories suggested that diffusion occurred mostly in confined spaces. As well, immobilization in the mucus depended both on polysaccharidic shape and surface decoration. Mucoadhesive chitosan and thiolated chitosan particles were mostly immobilized, while hyaluronic acid decorated platelets where more diffusive in comparison
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Nilsson, Jan Anders. "Aldehyde toxicity in human oral epithelium /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7140-141-5/.
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Wickström, Claes. "MUC5B from the oral cavity identification of 'insoluble' assemblies and putative regulatory proteolytic events /." [Malmö] : Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 2002. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/51310732.html.
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Sant'Ana, Thalita Araújo. "Atividade mucosotrópica do Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) no processo carcinogênico em diferentes sítios de infecção." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-26022018-135022/.
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O Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) é uma prevalente infecção do mundo atual, sendo o comportamento sexual um fator determinante para a o acometimento da infecção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o HPV em diferentes sítios de infecção, buscando um maior entendimento do seu mecanismo de disseminação. Foram analisadas amostras das mucosas cervical, oral e do sangue de 50 pacientes do sexo feminino. Foram identificados o HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-31 e HPV-33. Nenhuma paciente foi negativa para os quatro tipos nos três sítios. O HPV-16 foi o mais detectado e o mais prevalente nos três sítios, simultaneamente, 32 pacientes apresentaram esse perfil. Todos os tipos virais presentes no sangue, também estavam presentes na mucosa cervical, na mucosa oral ou em ambas. Foram identificados seis achados citológicos, sugestivos da infecção pelo HPV. Foi realizada a detecção dos transcritos virais de E6, E6/E7 e L1 nos três sítios. Os resultados do nosso trabalho demonstram a alta prevalência do HPV, a atividade viral nos três sítios analisados e a provável disseminação do vírus.Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent infections of the current world, with sexual behavior being one determining fator of infection. The objective of this study was to study HPV in different sites of infection, seeking a better understanding of its mechanism and spreading. Cervical, oral and blood mucosa samples from 50 female patients were analyzed. HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-31 and HPV-33 were identified. No patient was negative in the four types at all three sites. HPV-16 was the most detected and the most prevalent in the three sites, simultaneously, 32 patients presented this profile. All viral types present in the blood were also present in the cervical mucosa, oral mucosa, or both. Six cytological findings were identified, suggestive of infection by HPV. Detection of viral transcripts of E6, E6 / E7 and L1 was performed at the three sites. The results of our study demonstrate the high prevalence of HPV, viral activity in the three sites analyzed and the probable virus spreading.
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Silva, Monica Maria Coquemala da. "Avaliação da permeabilidade de fármacos antirretrovirais por meio de modelo ex vivo com emprego de segmentos da mucosa bucal de suínos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9139/tde-26042016-154336/.
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A via de administração oral é a forma favorita de administração de fármacos em função das vantagens que apresenta, dentre elas destacam-se: a adesão do paciente, conveniência e praticidade. Em função disto, a maioria dos medicamentos comercializados encontra-se disponível na forma farmacêutica de administração oral, entretanto, o sucesso de um tratamento medicamentoso por esta via requer que a absorção gastrointestinal do fármaco seja suficiente para assegurar a sua disponibilidade no local de ação (VOLPE, 2010). No entanto, a absorção do fármaco no trato gastrointestinal é complexa e pode ser influenciada por vários fatores, os quais têm impacto sobre a dissolução, solubilidade e permeabilidade do fármaco. Com o intuito de aumentar a biodisponibilidade de fármacos, que possuem absorção dificultada pela via oral, a via de administração pela mucosa bucal vem sendo uma alternativa na atualidade farmacêutica. Esta mucosa é um tecido não queratinizado, altamente vascularizado e apresenta poucas enzimas metabolizadoras. Tais características possibilitam boa absorção de fármacos sem que ocorra a metabolização pré-sistêmica, ou efeito de primeira passagem, somando-se ao fato desta apresentar fácil acessibilidade para a administração de fármacos (VRIES, M. E et al., 1991; NIELSEN, H. M &RASSING, M. R, 1999). Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a permeabilidade dos fármacos antirretrovirais (lamivudina e estavudina) por meio de modelo ex vivo em segmentos da mucosa bucal de suínos, com emprego de câmaras de difusão do tipo células de Franz. Para avaliação da permeabilidade bucal dos fármacos antirretrovirais, lamivudina e estavudina, e dos marcadores para transporte transcelular (metoprolol) e paracelular (fluoresceína sódica), empregou-se método ex-vivo, em células de Franz, com segmento de mucosa bucal de suíno ( a 37ºC, meio Ringer- Krebs- HEPES, pH 7,4), e Franz posterior análise das concentrações das substâncias permeadas (fármacos e marcadores) por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. Os resultados obtidos, por meio do protocolo desenvolvido, demonstram que o transporte através da via paracelular (marcador fluoresceína) foi mais expressivo que o transporte transcelular (marcador metoprolol), o que provavelmente se deve ao fato dos espaços intercelulares da mucosa bucal serem mais frouxos do que aqueles observados na mucosa intestinal (junções íntimas). Quanto à lamivudina e estavudina, os resultados de permeabilidade indicaram que estes fármacos permearam por mecanismo semelhante ao do metoprolol, isto é, por via transcelular.The oral route of administration is the preferred mode of administration of drugs according to the advantages which features, among which stand out: patient compliance, convenience and practicality. Because of this, most of the marketed drug is available in pharmaceutical form for oral administration, however, the success of a drug therapy in this way requires that the drug intestinal absorption is sufficient to ensure their availability at the site of action (VOLPE, 2010). However, the drug absorption in the gastrointestinal tract is complex and may be influenced by various factors which have an impact on the dissolution, solubility and permeability of the drug. In order to increase the bioavailability of drugs, which have impeded absorption by oral route of administration from oral mucosa has been an alternative the pharmaceutical today. This mucosa is not keratinized tissue, highly vascular and shows metabolizing enzymes. These characteristics allow good absorption of drugs occurs without presystemic metabolism or first-pass effect, adding to the fact that this display easy accessibility for the administration of drugs (Vries, M. E et al, 1991;. NIELSEN, H. M & RASSING, M. R, 1999). In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the permeability of antiretroviral drugs (lamivudine and stavudine) through ex vivo model segments of the oral mucosa of pigs with use of diffusion chambers type Franz cells. To evaluate the oral permeability of antiretroviral drugs, lamivudine and stavudine, and markers for transcellular transport (metoprolol) and paracellular (sodium fluorescein), used ex-vivo method, Franz cells, with buccal mucosa segment of swine ( at 37, through Krebs-Ringer- HEPES, pH 7.4) and Franz subsequent analysis of concentrations of the permeated substances (drugs and markers) by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results obtained using the protocol developed demonstrate that transport through the paracellular pathway (marker fluorescein) was higher than that transcellular transport (marker metoprolol), which probably is due to the intercellular spaces of the oral mucosa are looser than those observed in the intestinal mucosa (tight junctions). The lamivudine and stavudine, the permeability results indicate that these drugs permeated by a mechanism similar to that of metoprolol, by transcellular pathway.
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Sgarbosa, Silvia Helena Pereira Vergili. "Análise histológica, histoquímica e imunohistoquímica da mucosa de palato duro em pacientes portadores de síndrome de Apert." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25142/tde-03072009-143022/.
Full textAbstract:
Avaliou-se a mucosa de palato duro de indivíduos portadores de síndrome de Apert, atendidos no Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo. Doze indivíduos foram submetidos à gengivectomia de tecido exuberante da mucosa palatina para colocação de bandas e acessórios ortodônticos. Os tecidos excisados foram submetidos à análise histológica, morfométrica, histoquímica (PAS, Alcian Blue e Picrossírius) e imunohistoquímica, para observação da proliferação celular com a proteína P63 e identificação de colágeno I e III e decorina. A análise histológica evidenciou epitélio hiperplásico, conjuntivo com áreas de fibras colágenas espessas de trajeto mais linear com fibrócitos em seu interior, áreas com menor número de fibras e marcante presença de fibroblastos, diferente da arquitetura do grupo controle. Os resultados da morfometria não mostraram diferença significativa entre a proporcionalidade dos componentes do tecido conjuntivo nos indivíduos com síndrome de Apert e de indivíduos do grupo controle. Os aspectos histoquímicos evidenciaram que os indivíduos com a síndrome apresentaram maior acúmulo de glicosaminoglicanas em relação ao grupo controle. A coloração de picrossírius, analisada por microscópio confocal e pelo sistema de análise de imagem Image-Pro-Plus evidenciou a presença de fibras colágenas mais espessas nos indivíduos portadores de síndrome de Apert, mas não mostrou diferença significativa entre os dois grupos. A correlação da área ocupada pelas fibras colágenas com a idade dos indivíduos não foi significativa. Os resultados da imunohistoquímica confirmaram a presença de colágeno I e III no tecido Apert, sem evidenciar a atividade proliferativa dos fibroblastos. A maioria dos cortes não evidenciou a imunomarcação para decorina. Conclui-se que o aumento de volume na mucosa palatina em indivíduos portadores de síndrome de Apert é decorrente do crescimento tecidual sem o predomínio de qualquer um dos componentes do tecido conjuntivo, apesar de os indivíduos com a síndrome apresentarem uma arquitetura diferente das fibras colágenas e maior acúmulo de glicosaminoglicanas.The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral mucosa of patients with Apert syndrome attended at the Hospital of Rehabilitation and Craniofacial Anomalies. The gingivectomy was realized in twelve patients with gingival lateral swellings targeting orthodontic accessories. The specimens were submitted for histological, morphometric, histochemistry (PAS, Alcian Blue, picrossirius) and immunohistochemistry analysis to evaluate cell proliferation with P63 protein, and identification of the collagens I and III and decorin. The histological analysis showed a hyperplasic epithelium, areas of thick collagen fibers in the connective tissue with inactive fibroblasts, different that revealed in the control group. The proportion of the components of the connective tissue between the Aperts syndrome and the control groups wasnt statistical significant. The histochemicals features showed a high concentration of glycosaminoglycans in the connective tissue of Aperts syndrome compared with that revealed in the control group. The picrossírius stained, in the confocal microscope and in the Image Pro-Plus system showed the presence of dense collagen fibers in the Aperts syndrome group, but the statistical analysis wasnt significant between the both groups. The correlation between the collagen area and the age of the patients wasnt statistically significant. The analyses in the Apert syndrome group confirmed the presence of type -I and -III collagen and no proliferative activity of fibroblasts. The decorin staining was absent in almost all the specimens. We conclude that in Aperts syndrome gingival lateral swellings is a secondary outcome and is independent of a increase in the connective tissue components; the collagen fibers, and the glycosaminoglycans gathering found in the Apert syndrome patients were structurally different.
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Antuniassi, Anelena Rocha. "Ocorrência e grau de severidade da mucosite bucal em relação ao fluxo salivar de pacientes sob quimioterapia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-08042009-111549/.
Full textAbstract:
A mucosite induzida por quimioterapia e radioterapia representa um dos principais efeitos colaterais indesejáveis no tratamento do câncer. A dor associada à mucosite, dificulta a mastigação, a deglutição e freqüentemente é causa de interrupção temporária do tratamento e de atraso na recuperação do paciente. Ela se manifesta por eritema generalizado e/ou lesões ulcerativas na mucosa bucal, laringe e no trato gastrointestinal. O grupo estudado foi composto por 33 pacientes com câncer de cólon com idades entre 28 e 66 anos, 15 mulheres e 18 homens. Noventa e nove ciclos de quimioterapia foram analisados. O esquema de tratamento utilizado foi uma combinação da droga antineoplásica 5-fluorouracil, com o agente modulador ácido folínico. Idade, gênero, fluxo salivar antes e durante o tratamento foram associados à ocorrência de mucosite OMAS e mucosite WHO, tanto para pacientes com fluxo salivar normal quanto para pacientes com fluxo salivar reduzido. Também foram analisados os sítios de maior ocorrência das lesões e o tamanho das lesões em relação aos fluxos normais e reduzidos. A partir dessas associações obtivemos os seguintes resultados: os pacientes com fluxo salivar reduzido antes e durante a quimioterapia desenvolveram mais mucosite OMAS e WHO em comparação com os pacientes com fluxo normal. Os pacientes com fluxo salivar reduzido tiveram mais ulceração, considerando qualquer tamanho de lesão. A semimucosa do lábio inferior e as bordas laterais de língua foram os sítios em que ocorreram a maior incidência de ulceração e as úlceras de maior severidade.Mucositis induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy represents one of most undesirable side effects in the cancer treatment. The pain associated to mucositis raise difficulties to patients ability to chew and swallow and frequently causes temporary interruption of treatment and delay in patient recovery. It presents itself as redness and/or ulcerative sores in the soft tissues of the mouth, throat and gastrointestinal tract. The studied group was composed by 33 patients with colon cancer with ages between 28 and 66 years, 15 women and 18 men Ninety nine cycles of chemotherapy were analyzed. A combination of 5-fluorouracil, with folinic acid was used. Age, gender, salivary flow before and during treatment were associated to the occurrence of OMAS and WHO mucositis for patients with normal and reduced salivary flow. Size and sites of ulceration occurrence were also analyzed. The following results were found: the patients with reduction of salivary flow, before and during chemotherapy developed more OMAS and Who mucositis comparing to normal flow patients. Patients with reduced flow also had more ulceration and the mucosal surfaces of inferior lips and the lateral borders of tongue were the sites with more severe ulceration rates.