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Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Zhao, Jian-Hong, Jiang-Huai Chen, Yong Wang, Zhi-Ping Wang, and Yong-Xing He. "The putative compatible solute-binding protein ProX fromMycobacterium tuberculosisH37Rv: biochemical characterization and crystallographic data." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 74, no. 4 (March 23, 2018): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x18003771.

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InMycobacterium tuberculosis, theproXgene encodes a putative compatible solute-binding protein (MtProX). However, it was found through sequence alignment that the MtProX protein has very different ligand-binding residues compared with other compatible solute-binding proteins, implying that MtProX may bind to ligands that are as yet uncharacterized. In this work, it was demonstrated that MtProX binds to polyphenols such as phloretin, monoacetylphloroglucinol and 2,4-dihydroxyacetophloroglucinol with dissociation constants between 20 and 70 µM. Crystals of MtProX were obtained using a precipitant consisting of 0.2 MNaCl, 0.1 MTris pH 8.5, 25%(w/v) polyethylene glycol 3350. The crystals diffracted to 2.10 Å resolution and belonged to space groupP43212, with unit-cell parametersa=b= 90.17,c= 161.92 Å, α = β = γ = 90.0°. Assuming the presence of two MtProX molecules in the asymmetric unit, the Matthews coefficient was calculated to be 2.74 Å3 Da−1, which corresponds to a solvent content of 55%.
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2

Mosaddegh Hesar, Hamidreza, Hossein Abootorabi Zarchi, and Gholamreza Arab Markadeh. "Online MTPTA and MTPIA Control of Brushless Doubly Fed Induction Motor Drives." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 36, no. 1 (January 2021): 691–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2020.3000150.

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3

Zhang, Yifei, Longzhi Zhao, Tianming Zhao, Lu Liu, and Lijun Xu. "Aeroacoustics Analysis of Propeller Blades." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2569, no. 1 (August 1, 2023): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2569/1/012026.

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Abstract Under rapid development, drone propellers are facing two essential problems: noise emission and aerodynamic efficiency. In this work, the aeroacoustics characteristics of two propellers were experimentally and numerically investigated. Both propellers have exactly the same design points, and MTprop-1678 has a thinner blade and larger chord than MTprop-1688. Results showed that the broadband noise of 1678 significantly rose due to a larger Reynolds number, and the total noise was larger. The study shows that reducing the Reynolds number might be a good idea for propellers’ noise reduction.
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4

Arjaya, Ida Bagus Ari, and Kadek Rahayu Puspadewi. "PENERAPAN MODEL TRI PRAMANA SPA DITINJAU DARI MOTIVASI SISWA TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA." Jurnal Santiaji Pendidikan (JSP) 7, no. 2 (August 31, 2017): 180–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36733/jsp.v7i2.66.

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The purposes of this research are to analyze: 1) The difference of critical thinking ability between Model Tri Pramana SPA (MTPSPA) and Model Pembelajaran Konvensional (MPK), 2) the differences in critical thinking skills between MTPSPA and MPK in students with high learning motivation, 3) The differences in critical thinking skills between MTPSPA and MTPSPA in students with low learning motivation, 4) The interactive effect between learning model and learning motivation toward students' critical thinking ability. The population of this study was all students of SMP Negeri 7 Denpasar academic year 2016/2017. The Samping technique that was used was group random sampling method with a quasi experiment design. The prerequisite data analysis consisted of internal validity analysis and interrater reliability. Two Way Analyze of Variant (ANAVA) by using SPSS 17 for Windows Software was used as the data analysis technique. The result of the present study are 1) there was significant difference of students’ critical thinking between MTPSPA and MPK (p=0,000 < α = 0,05), 2) there was significant difference of students’ critical thinking between MTPSPA and MPK for high motivation (p=0,000 < α = 0,05), 3) there was significant difference of students’ critical thinking between MTPSPA and MPK for low motivation (p=0,000 < α = 0,05), 4) there is no interaction effect between learning model and students’ learning motivation toward students' critical thinking (p = 0,482> α = 0,05).
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5

Tang, Su, Nathan D. Hicks, Yu-Shan Cheng, Andres Silva, Sarah M. Fortune, and James C. Sacchettini. "Structural and functional insight into the Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein PrpR reveals a novel type of transcription factor." Nucleic Acids Research 47, no. 18 (August 26, 2019): 9934–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz724.

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Abstract The pathogenicity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis depends upon its ability to catabolize host cholesterol. Upregulation of the methylcitrate cycle (MCC) is required to assimilate and detoxify propionyl-CoA, a cholesterol degradation product. The transcription of key genes prpC and prpD in MCC is activated by MtPrpR, a member of a family of prokaryotic transcription factors whose structures and modes of action have not been clearly defined. We show that MtPrpR has a novel overall structure and directly binds to CoA or short-chain acyl-CoA derivatives to form a homotetramer that covers the binding cavity and locks CoA tightly inside the protein. The regulation of this process involves a [4Fe4S] cluster located close to the CoA-binding cavity on a neighboring chain. Mutations in the [4Fe4S] cluster binding residues rendered MtPrpR incapable of regulating MCC gene transcription. The structure of MtPrpR without the [4Fe4S] cluster-binding region shows a conformational change that prohibits CoA binding. The stability of this cluster means it is unlikely a redox sensor but may function by sensing ambient iron levels. These results provide mechanistic insights into this family of critical transcription factors who share similar structures and regulate gene transcription using a combination of acyl-CoAs and [4Fe4S] cluster.
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6

Hamui, Leon, María Elena Sánchez-Vergara, Rocio Sánchez-Ruiz, Cecilio Álvarez-Toledano, Jose Luis Reyes-Rodriguez, and Arturo Ponce. "Growth and Structural Characterization of Doped Polymorphic Crystalline MgPc as an Organic Semiconductor." Crystals 10, no. 6 (June 8, 2020): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10060495.

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The doping and crystallization of the molecular semiconductor formed from the magnesium phthalocyanine (MgPc) and 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-phenylhepta-3,4-dienedioic (MTPDA) acid was carried out in this work. The crystals obtained were characterized by using transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-Ray diffraction (XRD), to later evaluate their optical behavior. Raman, IR, and UV–Vis results indicate that the MgPc has been doped with the MTPDA. A uniform material layer with particles is observed as a result of a two-stage process, nucleation and growth. The polycrystalline films are constituted by a mixture of α and β phases with crystalline sizes of ~7 nm, 14 nm, and 20 nm average sizes. The films exhibit a preferred orientation along the [001]. The MTPDA doping does not have an important effect on the molecule planar distances indicating that the MTPDA molecule is among the equivalent MgPc plane direction. A transparent region with a minimum at 483 nm is observed, also a B-band at 337 nm and a Q-band transition with a high-energy peak around 639 nm, and a low energy peak around 691 nm.
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7

Zorlu, Yunus, Doğan Erbahar, Ahmet Çetinkaya, Aysun Bulut, Turan S. Erkal, A. Ozgur Yazaydin, Jens Beckmann, and Gündoğ Yücesan. "A cobalt arylphosphonate MOF – superior stability, sorption and magnetism." Chemical Communications 55, no. 21 (2019): 3053–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc09655d.

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We report a novel metal organic framework (MOF) based on a cobalt arylphosphonate, namely, [Co2(H4-MTPPA)]·3NMP·H2O (1·3NMP·H2O), which was prepared solvothermically from the tetrahedral linker tetraphenylmethane tetrakis-4-phosphonic acid (H8-MTPPA) and CoSO4·7H2O in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP).
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8

Li, Chengxu, Wenjuan Zhang, Jian Gao, and Shoudao Huang. "Permanent Magnet Flux Linkage Analysis and Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTPA) Control of High Saturation IPMSM." Energies 16, no. 12 (June 15, 2023): 4717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16124717.

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The maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control is significant for improving the efficiency of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). However, for the high saturation IPMSM, the change of the permanent magnet (PM) flux linkage is more complicated, which can cause the MTPA control to deviate from the optimal solution. Therefore, an improved MTPA control method for the high saturation IPMSM is proposed in this paper. Compared with other methods, the proposed method improves the conventional models of flux linkage and torque by analyzing the nonlinear variation of the PM flux linkage with the dq-axis currents. Subsequently, an expression suitable for the MTPA control of high saturated IPMSM is derived based on the improved models. The proposed parameter fitting models are then fitted using data from 11 operating points and incorporated into the MTPA optimization algorithm to obtain the MTPA curve. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method in enhancing the control accuracy of the MTPA angle is verified through simulations and experiments.
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9

Svatoš, Aleš, Irena Valterová, David Šaman, and Jan Vrkoč. "Direct esterification of 2-methoxy-2-phenyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropionic acid: A reinvestigation." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 55, no. 2 (1990): 485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19900485.

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The direct esterification of enantiomeric 2-methoxy-2-phenyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropionic acids (MTPA) was reinvestigated. Preferential formation of one of the diastereoisomeric esters was avoided by using three equivalents of MTPA. Chromatographic behaviour of the obtained MTPA esters is discussed.
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10

Bulut, Aysun, Michael Wörle, Yunus Zorlu, Erdogan Kirpi, Huseyin Kurt, Jon Zubieta, Simon Grabowsky, Jens Beckmann, and Gündoğ Yücesan. "A potential Cu/V-organophosphonate platform for tailored void spacesviaterpyridine mold casting." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 73, no. 2 (March 29, 2017): 296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520617000245.

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The reaction of appropriate copper and vanadium salts with tetratopic methane tetra-p-phenylphosphonic acid (MTPPA) in the presence of 2,2′:6′:2′′-terpyridine (terpy) yielded the three-dimensional bimetallic copper vanadium phosphonate framework [{Cu(terpy)}4Cu(VO2)4(MTPPA-H)2]·4H2O (1). Terpy has no net contribution to the three-dimensional structure providing a potential platform for void space formationviamold-casting. The structure was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Magnetic measurements were performed using a SQUID magnetometer. The crystal structure of the methanol solvate of the free ligand, MTPPA·MeOH, was analysed using Hirshfeld surfaces and fingerprint plots.
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11

Husnayain, Faiz, Toshihiko Noguchi, Ryosuke Akaki, and Feri Yusivar. "Improved Current and MTPA Control Characteristics Using FEM-Based Inductance Maps for Vector-Controlled IPM Motor." Energies 16, no. 12 (June 14, 2023): 4712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16124712.

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Some major problems in the motor drive are the overshoot or undershoot of transient response characteristics and a parameter mismatch due to magnetic saturation. This study proposed a 3D inductance map combined with a maximum-torque-per-ampere (MTPA) map based on a finite-element (FE) motor model considering a cross-coupling magnetic saturation impact to overcome this problem. The proposed FE motor model has a high accuracy of no-load back electromotive force (e.m.f.) around 98.3% compared to the measurement results. Then, nine scenarios of vector control combinations of inductance maps and current supply variations of β 0°, 45°, and MTPA were investigated. As a result, the transient response improvement for β 0°, 45°, and MTPA without the map and with Ld and Lq maps is 63%, 10%, and 15%, respectively. Moreover, for the steady-state response, the average torque improvement between MTPA and Idref 0 A control is 9.21%, 8.97%, and 8.98% for the no-map, ave-map, and 3D-inductance-map conditions, respectively. The MTPA trajectory characteristic was also updated to illustrate the actual MTPA condition compared to the conventional MTPA control. In detail, the proposed method has reduced the parameter mismatch for the current control loop in the transient state and improved the MTPA control trajectory for the steady-state response. Finally, the improvement of vector control characteristics of the proposed method was verified by an FE simulation and experimental measurement results.
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12

Perez-Santangelo, Soledad, Nathanael Napier, Fran Robson, James L. Weller, Donna M. Bond, and Richard C. Macknight. "A Point Mutation in Phytochromobilin synthase Alters the Circadian Clock and Photoperiodic Flowering of Medicago truncatula." Plants 11, no. 3 (January 18, 2022): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11030239.

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Plants use seasonal cues to initiate flowering at an appropriate time of year to ensure optimal reproductive success. The circadian clock integrates these daily and seasonal cues with internal cues to initiate flowering. The molecular pathways that control the sensitivity of flowering to photoperiods (daylengths) are well described in the model plant Arabidopsis. However, much less is known for crop species, such as legumes. Here, we performed a flowering time screen of a TILLING population of Medicago truncatula and found a line with late-flowering and altered light-sensing phenotypes. Using RNA sequencing, we identified a nonsense mutation in the Phytochromobilin synthase (MtPΦBS) gene, which encodes an enzyme that carries out the final step in the biosynthesis of the chromophore required for phytochrome (phy) activity. The analysis of the circadian clock in the MtpΦbs mutant revealed a shorter circadian period, which was shared with the MtphyA mutant. The MtpΦbs and MtphyA mutants showed downregulation of the FT floral regulators MtFTa1 and MtFTb1/b2 and a change in phase for morning and night core clock genes. Our findings show that phyA is necessary to synchronize the circadian clock and integration of light signalling to precisely control the timing of flowering.
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13

Zhang, Bo Ze, and Yi Ruan. "The Research on Interior Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Motor MTPA Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.211.

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The research on maximum-torque-per-ampere (MTPA) control of Interior Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) is presented in this paper. Based on the IPMSM mathematical model in d-q reference frame, the equations of d, q axis currents and magnetic torque were derived by using extreme value principle. Thus, this algorithm realizes the IPMSM MTPA control. Under the condition of same magnetic torque, the IPMSM MTPA control can minimize the input current magnitude, decrease the IPMSM power loss and the inverter capacity, increase the system efficiency and improve the dynamic performance of system. At last, the paper built simulation model and verified the MTPA algorithm above is correct.
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14

Kimura, Hidehito, Masaaki Taniguchi, Junji Koyama, Yousuke Fujimoto, Kohkichi Hosoda, and Eiji Kohmura. "Minimum Transpetrosal Retrolabyrinthine Approach for Revascularization of Posterior Cerebral Artery." Operative Neurosurgery 12, no. 2 (October 16, 2015): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000001064.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Revascularization of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) can be essential for treating complex cerebral aneurysms in the posterior circulation, and it is considered technically challenging. To help decrease the difficulty of this technique, we developed the minimum transpetrosal approach (MTPA). OBJECTIVE The technical nuances of the MTPA were innovated by cadaver head dissections and an actual clinical case. METHODS Four sides of the formalin-fixed cadaver heads were used to investigate if the posterior cerebral artery could be exposed with this minimum retraction of the temporal lobe in the subtemporal approach and the MTPA. By using the MTPA, 1 patient harboring a ruptured PCA aneurysm underwent superficial temporal artery-PCA anastomosis followed by isolation of the aneurysm. RESULTS In the cadaver head dissections, we noticed that the PCAs were difficult to expose with gentle retraction of the temporal lobe in the subtemporal approach. By performing an additional retrolabyrinthine mastoidectomy, performed as the MTPA, all 4 PCAs were easily exposed in the 4 wide surgical fields. The maximum widths of the surgical fields above and below the PCA could be successfully measured in 2 cases, which were 13.3 mm and 11.2 mm, respectively (mean, 12.3 mm). Additionally, in the actual live surgery using MTPA, the PCAs were relative easy to expose with a surgical field wide enough to perform PCA bypass, which was performed without complication. CONCLUSION The MTPA may be the most favorable approach for PCA bypass that can be performed easily with minimal temporal lobe retraction.
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15

Gade, Chandrasekhar Reddy, and Razia Sultana W. "Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using MPC–MTPA Control for Deployment in Electric Tractor." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (September 29, 2022): 12428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912428.

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This study aims to evaluate the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive performance for various load conditions under steady state and dynamic conditions. Therefore, this paper proposes finite set model-predictive control (FS-MPC) for IPMSM with maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) for electric tractor application. The MTPA control technique is used to obtain maximum torque while maintaining a minimum current constraint. In addition to MTPA control, the MPC scheme is used as the suitable alternative control strategy in the electric tractor application, which eliminates the occurrence of torque ripples during the dynamic speed tracking under variable load conditions. The MPC is used to improve the dynamic response of the motor drive and reduce torque ripples under variable load conditions. MPC–MTPA is developed in the MATLAB/SIMULINK and validated in the real-time environment using the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulator (OPAL-RT OP5700). The results prove that MPC improves the dynamic performance and MTPA reduces the stator copper loss and increases the drive efficiency.
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16

Park, Seung-Chan, and Sang-hoon Kim. "A MTPA Control of PMSMs Using an Adaptive algorithm." Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 69, no. 8 (August 31, 2020): 1208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kiee.2020.69.8.1208.

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17

Dianov, Anton, and Alecksey Anuchin. "Design of Constraints for Seeking Maximum Torque per Ampere Techniques in an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Control." Mathematics 9, no. 21 (November 3, 2021): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9212785.

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The efficient control of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) requires the development of a technique for loss optimization. The best approach is the implementation of power loss minimization algorithms, which are hard to model and design. Therefore, the developers typically involve maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control, which optimizes Joule loss only. The conventional MTPA control requires knowledge of motor parameters and can only properly operate when these parameters are constant. However, motor parameters vary depending on operating conditions; thus, conventional techniques cannot be used. Furthermore, many industrial drives are designed for self-commissioning, and they do not have prior information on motor parameters. In order to solve this problem, various MTPA-seeking techniques, which track the minimum of motor current, have been developed. The dynamic performance between these seeking algorithms and maximum deviation from the true MTPA trajectory are defined by the constraints in most cases, in which proper design improves the dynamic behavior of MTPA-seeking algorithms. This paper considers a PMSM, which was designed to operate in the saturation area and whose MTPA trajectory significantly deviates from the same curve constructed for the initial unsaturated parameters. This paper considers existing approaches, explains their pros and cons, and demonstrates that these methods do not utilize full potential of the motor. A new constraint design was proposed and explained step by step. The experiment verifies the proposed technique and demonstrates improvements in efficiency and dynamic behavior of the seeking algorithm.
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18

Ye, Shi, Wang, Li, and Xia. "Sensorless-MTPA Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on an Adaptive Sliding Mode Observer." Energies 12, no. 19 (October 3, 2019): 3773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193773.

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Different from the traditional method of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), the sensorless maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control scheme in this paper does not need two observers for rotor position and d-q axis inductances, respectively. It only needs an adaptive sliding mode observer (ASMO) based on the extended flux (EF) to realize double-loop control and MTPA operation simultaneously. The adaptive mechanism of rotor speed is designed to ensure stability of the ASMO. The rotor position and the difference between d-axis and q-axis inductances are obtained from the estimated EF to acquire the MTPA points when the position sensor of the IPMSM is absent. The proposed scheme is realized on a 20kW IPMSM where the sensorless control performance and the MTPA control performance are tested. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the experiment results.
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19

Cuello-Garibo, Jordi-Amat, Catriona C. James, Maxime A. Siegler, and Sylvestre Bonnet. "Ruthenium-based PACT compounds based on an N,S non-toxic ligand: a delicate balance between photoactivation and thermal stability." Chemistry Squared 1 (December 1, 2017): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.28954/2017.csq.12.002.

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In photoactivated chemotherapy, the photocleavable protecting group that prevents the bioactive compound from interacting with biomolecules in the dark is sometimes cytotoxic, which makes interpretation of phototoxicity challenging. For ruthenium polypyridyl complexes new, non-toxic protecting ligands that prevent a toxic metal complex from binding to biomolecules in the dark, but that can be efficiently photosubstituted upon visible light irradiation to recover the high toxicity of the metal complex, are necessary. In this work, we report on the synthesis, stereochemical characterization and cytotoxicity of a series of polypyridyl complexes; [Ru(bpy)2(mtpa)](PF6)2 ([1](PF6)2, bpy = 2,2’-bipyridine), [Ru(bpy)(dmbpy)(mtpa)](PF6)2 ([2](PF6)2, dmbpy = 6,6’-dimethyl-2,2’-bipyridine), and [Ru(dmbpy)2(mtpa)](PF6)2 ([3](PF6)2) based on the non-toxic 3-(methylthio)propylamine protecting ligand (mtpa). The number of methyl groups had a crucial effect on the photochemistry and cytotoxicity of these complexes. The non-strained complex [1]2+ was not capable of fully releasing mtpa and was not phototoxic in lung cancer cells (A549). In the most strained complex [3]2+, thermal stability was lost, leading to poor photoactivation in vitro and a generally high toxicity also without light activation. The heteroleptic complex [2]2+ with intermediate strain showed, upon blue light irradiation, efficient mtpa photosubstitution and increased cytotoxicity in cancer cells, but photosubstitution was not selective. Overall, fine-tuning of the lipophilicity and steric strain of ruthenium complexes appears as an efficient method to obtain phototoxic ruthenium-based photoactivated chemotherapeutic prodrugs, at the cost of synthetic simplicity and photosubstitution selectivity.
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Hsu, Ling-Yuan, Shi-Jinn Horng, Pingzhi Fan, Muhammad Khurram Khan, Yuh-Rau Wang, Ray-Shine Run, Jui-Lin Lai, and Rong-Jian Chen. "MTPSO algorithm for solving planar graph coloring problem." Expert Systems with Applications 38, no. 5 (May 2011): 5525–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2010.10.084.

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21

Chen, Percival Yang-Ting, Heather Aman, Mehmet Can, Stephen W. Ragsdale, and Catherine L. Drennan. "Binding site for coenzyme A revealed in the structure of pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase from Moorella thermoacetica." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 15 (March 26, 2018): 3846–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1722329115.

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Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) is a microbial enzyme that uses thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), three [4Fe-4S] clusters, and coenzyme A (CoA) in the reversible oxidation of pyruvate to generate acetyl-CoA and carbon dioxide. The two electrons that are generated as a result of pyruvate decarboxylation are used in the reduction of low potential ferredoxins, which provide reducing equivalents for central metabolism, including the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway. PFOR is a member of the 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (OFOR) superfamily, which plays major roles in both microbial redox reactions and carbon dioxide fixation. Here, we present a set of crystallographic snapshots of the best-studied member of this superfamily, the PFOR from Moorella thermoacetica (MtPFOR). These snapshots include the native structure, those of lactyl-TPP and acetyl-TPP reaction intermediates, and the first of an OFOR with CoA bound. These structural data reveal the binding site of CoA as domain III, the function of which in OFORs was previously unknown, and establish sequence motifs for CoA binding in the OFOR superfamily. MtPFOR structures further show that domain III undergoes a conformational change upon CoA binding that seals off the active site and positions the thiolate of CoA directly adjacent to the TPP cofactor. These structural findings provide a molecular basis for the experimental observation that CoA binding accelerates catalysis by 105-fold.
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22

Dianov, Anton, and Alecksey Anuchin. "Adaptive Maximum Torque per Ampere Control of Sensorless Permanent Magnet Motor Drives." Energies 13, no. 19 (September 27, 2020): 5071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195071.

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Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) efficiency can be improved by using maximum torque per ampere control (MTPA). MTPA control utilizes both alignment and reluctance torques and usually requires information about the magnetization map of the electrical machine. This paper proposes an adaptive MTPA algorithm for sensorless control systems of IPMSM drives, which is applicable in industrial and commercial drives. This algorithm enhances conventional control schemes, where the output of the speed controller is the commanded stator current and the direct current is calculated using an MTPA equation; therefore, it can be easily implemented in the previously developed drives. The proposed algorithm does not use any motor parameters for the calculation of the MTPA trajectory, which is important for systems operating in changing environmental conditions, because motor inductances and flux linkage strongly depend on the stator current and the rotor temperature, respectively. The proposed algorithm continuously varies the current phase and in such a way it tries to minimize the magnitude of the stator current at the applied load torque. The main contribution of this paper is the development of a technique to overcome the main disadvantage of seeking algorithms–the necessity of a precision information about the rotor position. The proposed method was verified experimentally.
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23

Wang, Ming-Shyan, Min-Fu Hsieh, and and Hsin-Yu Lin. "Operational Improvement of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using Fuzzy Field-Weakening Control." Electronics 7, no. 12 (December 19, 2018): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7120452.

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This paper considers the fuzzy control design of maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) and maximum torque per voltage (MTPV) for the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) control system that is capable of reducing computation burden, improving torque output, and widening the speed range. In the entire motor speed range, three control methods, i.e., the MTPA, flux weakening, and MTPV methods may be applied depending on current and voltage statuses. The simulation using MATLAB/Simulink is first conducted and then in order to speed up the development, hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) is adopted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy MTPA and MTPV control for the IPMSM system.
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24

Park, Yeong-Seo, and Sang-Hoon Kim. "Improvement of MTPA Operating Point of PMSMs Using an ANN." Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 72, no. 5 (May 31, 2023): 586–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kiee.2023.72.5.586.

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25

Li, Ke, Tianfu Sun, Fucheng Jiang, Wei Feng, and Huiyun Li. "MTPA Control for IPMSM Drives Based on Pseudorandom Frequency-Switching Sinusoidal Signal Injection." Machines 10, no. 4 (March 25, 2022): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10040231.

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Among various maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control schemes for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives, the signal-injection-based methods exhibit relatively high overall performance due to their high control accuracy and satisfactory dynamic performance. However, the high current spectrum peaks induced by the fixed-frequency signal injection may cause electromagnetic interference and even audible noise problems in applications, such as electric vehicles, vessels, and aircraft. To address this problem, an MTPA control method using pseudorandom frequency-switching sinusoidal signal injection is proposed in this paper. The sinusoidal signals with two different frequencies are randomly injected into the d- and q-axis currents and the MTPA points can be tracked according to the resultant system response. In this way, a high-performance MTPA control can be achieved regardless of motor parameter variations. Since the injection frequency of the proposed method varies randomly, the induced harmonic components in phase currents no longer concentrate at certain frequencies, and the current spectrum peaks caused by signal injection can be reduced accordingly. The experimental results demonstrate the validity of the presented method.
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Sun, Jianxia, Cheng Lin, Jilei Xing, and Xiongwei Jiang. "Online MTPA Trajectory Tracking of IPMSM Based on a Novel Torque Control Strategy." Energies 12, no. 17 (August 24, 2019): 3261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12173261.

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The maximum-torque-per-ampere (MTPA) scheme is widely used in the interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) drive system to reduce copper losses. However, MTPA trajectory is complicated to solve analytically. In order to realize online MTPA trajectory tracking, this paper proposes a novel torque control strategy. The torque control is designed to be closed form. Considering the machine reluctance torque as the torque feedback, when this is compared with the torque reference, then the excitation torque reference can be obtained. Since the excitation torque is proportional to the q-axis current, the q-axis current reference can be fed by the excitation torque reference through a proportional regulator. Once the q-axis current reference is given, the d-axis current reference can be calculated based on the per-unit model, which aims to simplify the calculation and make the control strategy independent of machine parameters. In this paper, the stability of the control system is demonstrated. Meanwhile, simulation and experiment results show this torque control strategy can realize MTPA trajectory tracking online and have success in transients.
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Wu, Yanchen, and Yingmin Wang. "Sliding Mode Variable Structure Vector Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Servo System for Side Scan Sonar." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 36, no. 2 (April 2018): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20183620276.

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To control the distance between the side scan sonar and the seabed, a permanent magnet synchronous machine(PMSM) servo system is designed, and the overall structure of the system and the design scheme of each part are presented. The maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) vector control method is adopted to enhance the power factor and dynamic performances of the system, and based on MTPA vector control method, according to the harmful effects of the dynamic load in the servo control of sonar, the sliding mode variable structure (SMVS) vector control method is proposed, and the robustness of the servo system is effectively improved. The mechanism of the MTPA and SMVS vector control method is demonstrated in detail, and their effectiveness is verified.
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Lin, Faa-Jeng, Yi-Hung Liao, Jyun-Ru Lin, and Wei-Ting Lin. "Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System with Machine Learning-Based Maximum Torque per Ampere and Flux-Weakening Control." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020346.

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An interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive system with machine learning-based maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) as well as flux-weakening (FW) control was developed and is presented in this study. Since the control performance of IPMSM varies significantly due to the temperature variation and magnetic saturation, a machine learning-based MTPA control using a Petri probabilistic fuzzy neural network with an asymmetric membership function (PPFNN-AMF) was developed. First, the d-axis current command, which can achieve the MTPA control of the IPMSM, is derived. Then, the difference value of the dq-axis inductance of the IPMSM is obtained by the PPFNN-AMF and substituted into the d-axis current command of the MTPA to alleviate the saturation effect in the constant torque region. Moreover, a voltage control loop, which can limit the inverter output voltage to the maximum output voltage of the inverter at high-speed, is designed for the FW control in the constant power region. In addition, an adaptive complementary sliding mode (ACSM) speed controller is developed to improve the transient response of the speed control. Finally, some experimental results are given to demonstrate the validity of the proposed high-performance control strategies.
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Ribeiro Lara, Luiz Carlos, Lúcio Carlos Torres, Gabriel Cervone, Juan Antonio Grajales, and Fabio Lemos Rodrigues. "TL 18237 - First metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis using a minimally invasive technique." Scientific Journal of the Foot & Ankle 13, Supl 1 (November 11, 2019): 112S. http://dx.doi.org/10.30795/scijfootankle.2019.v13.1090.

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Introduction: Metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis (MTPA) is a surgical technique indicated for the treatment of hallux rigidus with advanced arthrosis and for rheumatic diseases. This classic surgery is widely used and effective; however, the use of a minimally invasive technique remains mostly unknown. Objective: To present the outcome of MTPA performed using a percutaneous technique. Methods: Hallux MTPA was performed in 8 feet from 4 patients with hallux rigidus and 4 with rheumatoid arthritis, with a higher prevalence of women than men (5 vs. 3) and a mean postoperative follow-up time of 1.5 years. The outcomes were evaluated using a modified version of the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) questionnaire and the union time. Results: All patients who underwent surgery showed improvements in pain and arthrodesis union at approximately 8 weeks. The mean AOFAS score increased to 85 points (of a total of 90 possible points). There were no complications, such as infection, nonunion or persistent pain. Conclusion: The percutaneous technique of hallux MTPA was effective, with satisfactory outcomes, reduced surgical invasiveness, immediate walking, rapid union with “arthrodesis take” and significant improvement in pain. However, a larger sample is required to confirm the outcomes.
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Lin, Faa-Jeng, Yi-Hung Liao, Jyun-Ru Lin, and Wei-Ting Lin. "Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System with Machine Learning-Based Maximum Torque per Ampere and Flux-Weakening Control." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020346.

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An interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive system with machine learning-based maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) as well as flux-weakening (FW) control was developed and is presented in this study. Since the control performance of IPMSM varies significantly due to the temperature variation and magnetic saturation, a machine learning-based MTPA control using a Petri probabilistic fuzzy neural network with an asymmetric membership function (PPFNN-AMF) was developed. First, the d-axis current command, which can achieve the MTPA control of the IPMSM, is derived. Then, the difference value of the dq-axis inductance of the IPMSM is obtained by the PPFNN-AMF and substituted into the d-axis current command of the MTPA to alleviate the saturation effect in the constant torque region. Moreover, a voltage control loop, which can limit the inverter output voltage to the maximum output voltage of the inverter at high-speed, is designed for the FW control in the constant power region. In addition, an adaptive complementary sliding mode (ACSM) speed controller is developed to improve the transient response of the speed control. Finally, some experimental results are given to demonstrate the validity of the proposed high-performance control strategies.
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31

Ghorbel, Sofiane, Jan Kormanec, Alexandra Artus, and Marie-Joelle Virolle. "Transcriptional Studies and Regulatory Interactions between the phoR-phoP Operon and the phoU, mtpA, and ppk Genes of Streptomyces lividans TK24." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 2 (January 15, 2006): 677–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.188.2.677-686.2006.

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ABSTRACT The PhoR/PhoP two-component system of Streptomyces lividans was previously shown to allow the growth of the bacteria at low Pi concentrations and to negatively control antibiotic production. The present study focuses on the transcriptional analysis of phoR and phoP, along with the phoU and mtpA genes that are transcribed divergently from the phoRP operon in S. lividans. The effect of phoR, phoP, phoU, and ppk mutations on transcription of these genes was examined under phosphate-replete and phosphate-limited conditions. We demonstrated that phoR and phoP were cotranscribed as a leaderless bicistronic transcript cleaved at discrete sites toward the 3′ end of phoR. In addition, phoP could also be transcribed alone from a promoter located at the 3′ end of phoR. The phoU and mtpA genes, predicted to encode metal binding proteins, were shown to be transcribed as monocistronic transcripts. The expression of phoR-phoP, phoP, and phoU was found to be induced under conditions of Pi limitation in S. lividans TK24. This induction, requiring both PhoR and PhoP, was significantly weaker in the phoU mutant but much stronger in the ppk mutant than in the parental strain. The expression of mtpA was also shown to be up-regulated when Pi was limiting but independently of PhoR/PhoP. The induction of mtpA expression was much stronger in the phoU mutant strain than in the other strains. This study revealed interesting regulatory interactions between the different genes and allowed us to propose putative roles for PhoU and MtpA in the adaptation to phosphate scarcity.
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Wang, Nannan, and Chaoying Xia. "Research on the Optimal Control Strategy for the Maximum Torque per Ampere of Brushless Doubly Fed Machines." Machines 11, no. 4 (March 25, 2023): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11040422.

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This paper presents an optimization strategy for a brushless doubly fed motor (BDFM) to achieve the maximum torque per ampere (MTPA). This method resolves the issue of high stator currents in slip frequency vector feedback linearization control (SFV-FLC) during both no-load and light-load conditions. Firstly, the paper establishes a reduced-order state-space (SS) model of the BDFM in arbitrary rotating reference coordinates. Secondly, the expression of BDFM is obtained after the control motor rotor field orientation. To ensure a minimal stator current at a specific torque, this paper constructs an auxiliary function based on Lagrange’s theorem, which forces the control motor stator current derivative to be zero, resulting in the MTPA criterion. Finally, the superiority of the MTPA optimization algorithm proposed in the paper is validated through simulation experiments.
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Xu, Zhiping, Jing Zhang, Pei-wei Tsai, Liwei Lin, and Chao Zhuo. "Spatiotemporal Mobility Based Trajectory Privacy-Preserving Algorithm in Location-Based Services." Sensors 21, no. 6 (March 12, 2021): 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21062021.

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Recent years have seen the wide application of Location-Based Services (LBSs) in our daily life. Although users can enjoy many conveniences from the LBSs, they may lose their trajectory privacy when their location data are collected. Therefore, it is urgent to protect the user’s trajectory privacy while providing high quality services. Trajectory k-anonymity is one of the most important technologies to protect the user’s trajectory privacy. However, the user’s attributes are rarely considered when constructing the k-anonymity set. It results in that the user’s trajectories are especially vulnerable. To solve the problem, in this paper, a Spatiotemporal Mobility (SM) measurement is defined for calculating the relationship between the user’s attributes and the anonymity set. Furthermore, a trajectory graph is designed to model the relationship between trajectories. Based on the user’s attributes and the trajectory graph, the SM based trajectory privacy-preserving algorithm (MTPPA) is proposed. The optimal k-anonymity set is obtained by the simulated annealing algorithm. The experimental results show that the privacy disclosure probability of the anonymity set obtained by MTPPA is about 40% lower than those obtained by the existing algorithms while the same quality of services can be provided.
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Sriprang, Songklod, Babak Nahid-Mobarakeh, Noureddine Takorabet, Serge Pierfederici, Poom Kumam, Nicu Bizon, Nesser Taghavi, Abolfazl Vahedi, Pongsiri Mungporn, and Phatiphat Thounthong. "Design and control of permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor with copper loss minimization using MTPA." Journal of Electrical Engineering 71, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2020-0002.

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AbstractIt is necessary to find the suitable d - and q -axis reference currents to control PMA-SynRM motors with high efficiency. This paper presents the maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) to minimize the copper losses of the system and utilizes the field weakening control to operate above the rated speed of the PMA-SynRM. The copper losses equation and electromagnetic torque are used to optimize the d - and q -axis current references. A small-scale 1 kW prototype PMA-SynRM was designed and manufactured to test and examine the proposed control in the laboratory. The proposed algorithm was digitally carried out using the MicroLab Box dSPACE. The simulation results show that the copper losses of the machine with the MTPA algorithm are lower than those without the MTPA algorithm. The PMA-SynRM operates above the base speed of ~ 70 % in the constant power region by mean of field weakening control.
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35

Baek, Seung-Koo, Hyuck-Keun Oh, Joon-Hyuk Park, Yu-Jeong Shin, and Seog-Won Kim. "Evaluation of Efficient Operation for Electromechanical Brake Using Maximum Torque per Ampere Control." Energies 12, no. 10 (May 16, 2019): 1869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101869.

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This paper deals with efficient operation method for the electromechanical brake (EMB). A three-phase interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) is applied to the EMB operation. A current controller, speed controller, and position controller based on proportional-integral (PI) control are used to drive the IPMSM. Maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control is applied to the current controller to perform efficient control. For MTPA control, the angle β is calculated from total input current, and the synchronous frame d–q axis current reference is determined by the angle β. The IPMSM is designed and analyzed with finite element analysis (FEA) software and current control is simulated by Matlab/Simulink using a motor model designed by FEA software. The simulation results were verified to compare with experimental results that are input current and clamping force of caliper. In addition, the experimental results showed that the energy consumption is reduced by MTPA.
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Wu, Qingsong, Wei Li, Guihong Feng, and Bingyi Zhang. "Optimization Control of Canned Electric Valve Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Electronics 12, no. 11 (May 27, 2023): 2433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12112433.

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The traditional canned electric valve consists of an induction motor and a reducer, which need to be matched with the position sensor to achieve precise control of valve position. The position sensor and reducer are not only easily damaged in high-temperature liquids, but also the slip rate of the induction motor is greatly affected by the liquid temperature, which makes it difficult to achieve accurate control. To address the above problems, this paper introduces a new topology of canned electric valve permanent magnet synchronous motor (CEV-PMSM), and a new maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) model is proposed. The new MTPA control equation considering the canned sleeve parameters is derived theoretically. By comparing it with id = 0 control and ideal MTPA control strategy, it is proved that the new MTPA model reflects the electric valve operation characteristics more realistically. In order to achieve sensorless control of the electric valve, and to achieve fast response and high-precision control under external disturbances and parameter uncertainties, the proposed control scheme combines sensorless control and two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) control. Consequently, the proposed control scheme can effectively improve the static and dynamic performances of the CEV-PMSM, as well as adjust the tracking and anti-disturbance performances independently. Finally, a 2 kW 100 r/min prototype was manufactured and corresponding experiments were conducted to verify the accuracy of the analysis.
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REYNOLDS, D. SCOTT. "Monitoring the Potential Impact of A Wind Development Site on Bats in the Northeast." Journal of Wildlife Management 70, no. 5 (December 2006): 1219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541x(2006)70[1219:mtpioa]2.0.co;2.

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38

Lin, Faa-Jeng, Shih-Gang Chen, Ying-Tsen Liu, and Shih-Yao Chen. "A power perturbation-based MTPA control with disturbance torque observer for IPMSM drive system." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 40, no. 10 (January 25, 2018): 3179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331217746823.

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A novel maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) method based on power perturbation for a field-oriented control (FOC) interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive system is proposed in this study. The proposed MTPA method is designed based on the power perturbation resulting from the signal injection in the current angle. Moreover, the influence of current and voltage harmonics to the MTPA control can be effectively eliminated. Furthermore, to enhance the robustness of the control system, a real-time design scheme for the integral–proportional (IP) speed controller using a recursive least square (RLS) estimator with disturbance torque feedforward control is developed. The disturbance torque is obtained from an improved disturbance torque observer with online parameters updated. Finally, some experimental results using an IPMSM drive system based on a low-price digital signal processor (DSP) are presented. From the experimental results, the proposed control approach can guarantee the control performance of a speed loop even under a cyclic fluctuating load.
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Chan, Bing Bing, Yu Xin Sun, Yi Du, Huang Qiu Zhu, and Xian Xing Liu. "Dual Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Fed by a Five-Leg Inverter System Using Maximun Torque per Ampere." Applied Mechanics and Materials 703 (December 2014): 352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.703.352.

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In this paper, a maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control strategy based on space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) is adopted in a dual three-phase interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) system with a five-leg inverter. The simulation model is established in Matlab/Simulink based on the mathematics model of PMSM and the current control method. And the simulation results of the proposed current control strategy are compared with those of id=0 method in order to verify the performances and characteristics of MTPA control stategy.
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Branscheid, Anja, Daniela Sieh, Bikram Datt Pant, Patrick May, Emanuel A. Devers, Anders Elkrog, Leif Schauser, Wolf-Rüdiger Scheible, and Franziska Krajinski. "Expression Pattern Suggests a Role of MiR399 in the Regulation of the Cellular Response to Local Pi Increase During Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 23, no. 7 (July 2010): 915–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-23-7-0915.

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Many plants improve their phosphate (Pi) availability by forming mutualistic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Pi-repleted plants are much less colonized by AM fungi than Pi-depleted plants. This indicates a link between plant Pi signaling and AM development. MicroRNAs (miR) of the 399 family are systemic Pi-starvation signals important for maintenance of Pi homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana and might also qualify as signals regulating AM development in response to Pi availability. MiR399 could either represent the systemic low-Pi signal promoting or required for AM formation or they could act as counter players of systemic Pi-availability signals that suppress AM symbiosis. To test either of these assumptions, we analyzed the miR399 family in the AM-capable plant model Medicago truncatula and could experimentally confirm 10 novel MIR399 genes in this species. Pi-depleted plants showed increased expression of mature miR399 and multiple pri-miR399, and unexpectedly, levels of five of the 15 pri-miR399 species were higher in leaves of mycorrhizal plants than in leaves of nonmycorrhizal plants. Compared with nonmycorrhizal Pi-depleted roots, mycorrhizal roots of Pi-depleted M. truncatula and tobacco plants had increased Pi contents due to symbiotic Pi uptake but displayed higher mature miR399 levels. Expression levels of MtPho2 remained low and PHO2-dependent Pi-stress marker transcript levels remained high in these mycorrhizal roots. Hence, an AM symbiosis-related signal appears to increase miR399 expression and decrease PHO2 activity. MiR399 overexpression in tobacco suggested that miR399 alone is not sufficient to improve mycorrhizal colonization supporting the assumption that, in mycorrhizal roots, increased miR399 are necessary to keep the MtPho2 expression and activity low, which would otherwise increase in response to symbiotic Pi uptake.
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Chaoui, Hicham, Okezie Okoye, and Mehdy Khayamy. "Current Sensorless MTPA for IPMSM Drives." IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics 22, no. 4 (August 2017): 1585–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmech.2017.2715502.

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42

Forsell, M., and V. Leppänen. "A moving threads processor architecture MTPA." Journal of Supercomputing 57, no. 1 (March 11, 2011): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11227-011-0573-9.

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43

Yalçın, Uğur, and Mücahit Sarnık. "Uniform Diffracted Fields from a Perfectly Conducting Cylindrical Reflector with Modified Theory of Physical Optics." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/195402.

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The uniform diffracted fields are calculated on PEC cylindrical reflector by Modified Theory of Physical Optics (MTPO). It is aimed to convert the noncontinuous solution to a continuous solution by finding a uniform equation which does not contain any expression converging to 0 in the denominator part. Three axioms of MTPO theory are used to construct the integral equations for the perfectly electrically conducting surface application. The “edge-point” technique is used to find the diffracted field, and uniform solution is to be found via “detour parameter(s).” Finally, the obtained results are to be compared with the nonuniform ones, numerically.
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44

Shen, Yue, Haichao Liu, Shitong Zhang, Yu Gao, Bao Li, Yan Yan, Yongsheng Hu, Lijuan Zhao, and Bing Yang. "Discrete face-to-face stacking of anthracene inducing high-efficiency excimer fluorescence in solids via a thermally activated phase transition." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 5, no. 38 (2017): 10061–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tc03229c.

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45

Sun, Feng-Ching, Hui-Chi Li, and Hsiu-Hung Wang. "The Effect of Group Music Therapy with Physical Activities to Prevent Frailty in Older People Living in the Community." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 20, 2021): 8791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168791.

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Background: The frail elderly are prone to falls and fractures, which can result in dependency, disability, admission to institutions, and even death. They are at increased risk of frailty due to decreased physical activity, cognitive decline, and depression. Some evidence suggests that music therapy with physical activities may be particularly beneficial. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the intervention effect of music therapy with physical activities (MTPA) on frail elderly in the community. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was adopted. We selected 10 community care centers in southern Taiwan, in which elderly people over the age of 65 were assigned to a MTPA group and a comparison group after obtaining their informed consent. The MTPA group performed group music activities once a week for 120 min for 12 weeks, while the comparison group only continued with their daily activities. Instruments in this study included the Kihon Checklist, Senior Fitness Test (with Body Mass Index (BMI) and seven physical fitness items), Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), and Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF). Results: A total of 132 community elders agreed to participate in this study, and 122 completed both the pretest and posttest, with 62 in the music therapy group and 60 in the comparison group. The results of ANCOVA showed that after intervention, except for BMI, the Kihon frailty assessment, seven fitness scores individually and in total, MMSE, and depression showed significant improvements in the music therapy group relative to the comparison group (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: MTPA can improve the frailty index, cognitive function, depression, and physical fitness index in the community elderly. The results of this study can be used as a reference for the design of activities for the community elderly, to provide them with appropriate activities, improve their physical functions, and improve or delay their disability.
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Kemppinen, Juha, Jukka Korpela, Kalle Elfvengren, and Jussi Polkko. "Improving the productivity and efficiency of an integrated mental and addiction care." Finnish Journal of eHealth and eWelfare 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.23996/fjhw.58720.

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This paper suggests that the productivity and efficiency of social and health care services can be improved considerably by redesigning and streamlining the processes. The paper presents the theory of constraint (TOC) and five-focusing step (5FS) solution to the productivity and efficiency problems of an integrated mental and addiction care outpatient clinic (MTPA-model) team. The MTPA is an integrated walk-in clinic where clinical decisions on key patient groups are supported by a clinical decision support system (CDSS). One of the critical service processes of the MTPA is a CDSS-assisted adult ADHD diagnostics process. The aim of the paper is to describe the improvement of productivity and efficiency of a typical multidiscipline team of MTPA-model. A combination of the action research approach and design science research was applied to solve the emerging service process problems and create a CDSS. The paper outlines the principles of the TOC applied for the established CDSS-assisted adult ADHD diagnostics process. The bottlenecks or constraints of an adult ADHD process are defined. The data from the designed CDSS and the currently used electronic health record provided material for applying the 5FS methodology for improving the productivity and efficiency of the adult ADHD process. We suggest that applying the 5FS-process of TOC to mental and addiction care processes generally, and to the multi-professional team especially, is an effective way to negotiate constructively about the bottlenecks or constraints of the process and improve the productivity and efficiency of integrated mental health and addiction care services and operations. Based on the results, a general framework for improving the productivity and efficiency of a multi-professional team and health care services organization by applying the 5FS methodology is proposed.
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Li, Ke, and Yi Wang. "Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTPA) Control for IPMSM Drives Using Signal Injection and an MTPA Control Law." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 15, no. 10 (October 2019): 5588–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tii.2019.2905929.

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48

Jin, Ning-Zhi, Hong-Chao Chen, Dong-Yang Sun, Zhi-Qiang Wu, Kai Zhou, and Long Zhang. "Virtual Signal Injection Maximum Torque per Ampere Control Based on Inductor Identification." Energies 15, no. 13 (July 1, 2022): 4851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134851.

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The high-frequency signal injection-type maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) algorithm is usually employed to control the operation of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs). The MTPA algorithm exhibits good dynamic performance and anti-interference ability. However, due to the injection of a high-frequency current signal, problems such as torque ripple and additional loss are encountered. Therefore, in this paper, a virtual signal injection control (VSIC) method that does not require actual injection is proposed for solving the aforementioned problems while yielding good performance. However, in the control process of the proposed method, the d-axis inductance parameter affects the accuracy of the torque information, resulting in errors in the system. To solve this problem, an online identification algorithm of model reference adaptive systems (MRAS) based on the Popov super stability theory as the basis for the design of the adaptive law is proposed in this paper. The d-axis inductance parameter of the motor is obtained in real-time and then introduced into the control system by using the VSIC method. Finally, VSIC-type MTPA control based on inductance identification is realized. The proposed algorithm does not depend on the design parameters of the motor and exhibits good dynamic response and anti-interference performance.
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Turbaningsih, Oktaviani, Wahyu Nur Hidayatun Nisa, Achmad Mustakim, Iqbal Hasan Nur, and Pratiwi Wuryaningrum. "The Study of Adaptive Planning Application for LNG Regasification Terminal Infrastructure in Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 972, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/972/1/012075.

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Abstract Global trade for regasification LNG has reached 850.1 MTPA by February 2021 because of the enforcement of clean energy applications. The alternative of renewable energy such as hydropower, solar, and wind has developed globally, but they have not been implemented effectively in Indonesia. LNG became an alternative to clean energy because of its low carbon emissions. An estimated 26% of the 35,000 MW of Indonesia’s electricity supply project comes from natural gas-powered power plants. The scope of this study is to investigate the implementation of adaptive planning for LNG regasification facilities. The authors interview the LNG experts in Indonesia to assess uncertainties, vulnerabilities, and opportunities in its business process to identify the enabling factors for implementing the adaptive method in LNG terminal master planning. This research aims to provide an adaptive strategy for LNG Regasification Terminal to satisfy resilient and sustainable infrastructure concepts. The authors propose the Real Options Analysis using a binomial decision tree to evaluate the decision-making under uncertainty for the infrastructure LNG regasification terminal facilities. The study case for category medium to large scale with 4 MTPA, FSRU concept selected as the suitable configuration, while for the smaller scale facilities with 0.5 MTPA, the FSU with regasification barge selected as the most suitable configuration.
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Mejia, Edgard M., Jamal A. Ibdah, Genevieve C. Sparagna, and Grant M. Hatch. "Differential reduction in cardiac and liver monolysocardiolipin acyltransferase-1 and reduction in cardiac and liver tetralinoleoyl-cardiolipin in the α-subunit of trifunctional protein heterozygous knockout mice." Biochemical Journal 471, no. 1 (September 21, 2015): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20150648.

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