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Academic literature on the topic 'MROD'

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Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "MROD"

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Liu, D., K. Tian, Y. Yuan, M. Li, M. Zheng, and X. Qiu. "Prokaryotic functional expression and activity comparison of three CYP9A genes from the polyphagous pestHelicoverpa armigera." Bulletin of Entomological Research 108, no. 1 (June 5, 2017): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485317000517.

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AbstractCytochrome P450s (CYPs or P450s) have been long recognized as very important enzymes in the metabolism of xenobiotic and endogenous compounds, but only a few CYPs have been functionally characterized in insects. The effort in functional characterization of insect P450s is heavily hindered by technical difficulties in preparing active, individual P450 enzymes directly from the target insect. In this paper, we describe the functional expression of two additional pyrethroid resistance-associated CYP9A genes (CYP9A12andCYP9A17) from the polyphagous pestHelicoverpa armigerain the facileEscherichia coli. The functionality ofE. coliproduced CYP9A12, CYP9A14, and CYP9A17 was investigated and activities of these CYP9As were compared against three probe substrates after reconstitution with NADPH-dependent cytochrome P450 reductase. The results showed that active forms of CYP9A12 and CYP9A17 were expressed inE. coliwith a content of about 1.0–1.5 nmol mg−1protein in membrane preparations.In vitroassays showed that CYP9A14 was capable of catalyzing O-dealkylation of methoxyresorufin (MROD), ethoxyresorufin (EROD), and benzyloxyresorufin (BROD), while CYP9A12 and CYP9A17 exhibited only MROD and EROD activities. Kinetic studies demonstrated that CYP9A14 had the greatestkcat/Kmvalue for MROD, and CYP9A17 for EROD, while the lowestkcat/Kmvalues for both MROD and EROD were observed for CYP9A12. The distinct biochemical traits suggest that the three paralogous CYP9As may play different roles in xenobiotic metabolism in this important pest.
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Gyamfi, M. A., N. Hokama, K. Oppong-Boachie, and Y. Aniya. "Inhibitory effects of the medicinal herb, Thonningia san gunea, on liver drug metabolizing enzymes of rats." Human & Experimental Toxicology 19, no. 11 (November 2000): 623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/096032700667732543.

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In this study we examined the effect of the aqueous extract of Thonningia sanguinea (T.S.) on 7-ethoxyresorufin 0- deethylase (EROD, CYPlAl), 7-pentoxyresorufin-dealkylase (PROD, CYP2B1/2), 7-methoxyresorufin 0- demethylase (MROD, CYP1A2), aniline hydroxylase (aniline, CYP2E1), p-nitrophenol hydroxylase (PNPH, CYP2E1) and erythromycin N-demethylase (ERDM, CYP3A1) in rat liver in vitro and in vivo. Although T.S. extract increased ERDM activity in induced rat liver microsomes, it showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effectin vitro on other P450 monooxygenase activities particularly EROD and PROD, which are mediated primarily by CYPlAl and CYP2B1/2, respectively. PROD, EROD and MROD activities were also decreased by 18%, 19% and 40%, respectively, in hepatic microsomes prepared from rats treated with T.S. extract for 3 days. Kinetic analysis of CYP activity of 3-methylchloranthrene-induced microsomes demonstrated that T.S. inhibited EROD and MROD activities by a noncompetitive and competitive mechanism, respectively. The analysis of alterations produced by T.S. on PROD kinetic parameters in phenobarbital-induced microsomes suggested that the inhibition is noncompetitive. Pretreatment of rats with T.S. prolonged pentobarbital and phenobarbital sleeping time; however, plasma phenobarbital concentration determined on awakening showed no significant difference between control and T.S.-treated rats. T.S. was also found to be a potent inhibitor of the liver cytosolic glutathione S-transferase. These data suggest that selective modulation of CYP isoenzymes by T.S. might con-tribute to protection of the liver from xenobiotic-induced intoxication or to alteration of the action of drug (s) conco-mitantly administered besides its antioxidative properties.
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Zamaratskaia, Galia, Martin Rasmussen, Isabelle Herbin, Bo Ekstrand, and Vladimir Zlabek. "In vitro inhibition of porcine cytochrome P450 by 17β-estradiol and 17α-estradiol." Interdisciplinary Toxicology 4, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10102-011-0014-x.

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In vitro inhibition of porcine cytochrome P450 by 17β-estradiol and 17α-estradiol Sexually mature pigs are known to possess high concentrations of testicular steroids, which have been shown to change the activities of cytochrome P450 in vitro. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the regulation of CYP1A and CYP2E1 activity by the steroids dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 3β-androstenol, 17β-estradiol and 17α-estradiol. Catalytic activities of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and 7-methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD) were used as markers of CYP1A activities, while p-nitrophenol hydroxylase (PNPH) was used as a marker of CYP2E1 activities. Of the steroids tested, only 17β-estradiol and 17α-estradiol inhibited EROD and MROD activities. This inhibition was observed when a steroid concentration of 100 μM was used, while lower concentrations showed no inhibitory effect. PNPH activities were inhibited only by 100 μM of 17β-estradiol. The significance of these results in vivo is unknown because inhibition was only found when concentrations of estrogens higher than physiological levels were used. Nevertheless, the results provided further evidence on the important role of estrogens in regulation of porcine cytochrome P450 activities.
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Ardag Akdogan, H., and A. Sen. "Characterization of drug metabolizing enzymes and assessment of aging in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) liver." Veterinární Medicína 55, No. 9 (October 7, 2010): 463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2982-vetmed.

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Organic anthropogenic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, nitroaromatics, dioxins, various pesticides and natural compounds can enter the aquatic environment. These lipophilic compounds are readily taken up into the tissues of aquatic organisms where biotransformation via Phase I and Phase II metabolism can in part, determine the fate and toxicity of the xenobiotics. In this study on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), liver microsomal ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD), penthyloxyresorufin O-depenthylase (PROD), benzyloxyresorufin O-debenzylase (BROD), aniline 4-hydroxylase (A4H), N-nitrosodimethylamine N-demethylase (NDMA-DE), aminopyrine N-demethylase (APND), caffeine N-demethylase (CN3D) and erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND) were determined. A4H, ERND, NDMA-ND, EROD and PROD activities increased in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) liver microsomes of different ages, while CN3D and APND activities decreased. MROD activities were barely detectable in mature fish whereas BROD activities were not detectable at all ages studied. Results were also recorded at the protein level by Western blotting using anti-CYP1A, CYP2E and CYP3A antibodies. In conclusion, elevated levels of gilthead seabream liver microsomal CYP450 enzyme activities might reveal possible exposure to various exogenous compounds, which might affect the desired responses to drugs, hormones and dietary supplements used during breeding.
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Vences-Mejía, A., N. Labra-Ruíz, N. Hernández-Martínez, V. Dorado-González, J. Gómez-Garduño, I. Pérez-López, R. Nosti-Palacios, R. Camacho Carranza, and JJ Espinosa-Aguirre. "The Effect of Aspartame on Rat Brain Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes." Human & Experimental Toxicology 25, no. 8 (August 2006): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327106het646oa.

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This study demonstrates that chronic aspartame (ASP) consumption leads to an increase of phase I metabolizing enzymes (cytochrome P450 (CYP)) in rat brain. Wistar rats were treated by gavage with ASP at daily doses of 75 and 125 mg/kg body weight for 30 days. Cerebrum and cerebellum were used to obtain microsomal fractions to analyse activity and protein levels of seven cytochrome P450 enzymes. Increases in activity were consistently found with the 75 mg/kg dose both in cerebrum and cerebellum for all seven enzymes, although not at the same levels: CYP 2E1-associated 4-nitrophenol hydroxylase (4-NPH) activity was increased 1.5-fold in cerebrum and 25-fold in cerebellum; likewise, CYP2B1-associated penthoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (PROD) activity increased 2.9- and 1.7-fold respectively, CYP2B2-associated benzyloxyresorufin O-dealkylase (BROD) 4.5- and 1.1- fold, CYP3A-associated erythromycin N-demethylase (END) 1.4- and 3.3-fold, CYP1A1-associated ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) 5.5- and 2.8-fold, and CYP1A2- associated methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD) 3.7- and 1.3-fold. Furthermore, the pattern of induction of CYP immunoreactive proteins by ASP paralleled that of 4-NHP-, PROD-, BROD-, END-, EROD- and MROD-related activities only in the cerebellum. Conversely, no differences in CYP concentration and activity were detected in hepatic microsomes of treated animals with respect to the controls, suggesting a brain-specific response to ASP treatment.
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HELVIK, JON V., ØYVIND DRIVENES, TORE H. NÆSS, ANDERS FJOSE, and HEE-CHAN SEO. "Molecular cloning and characterization of five opsin genes from the marine flatfish Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus)." Visual Neuroscience 18, no. 5 (September 2001): 767–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095252380118510x.

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Most molecular studies on the visual system in fish have been performed on freshwater teleosts such as goldfish and zebrafish where cones and rods appear simultaneously. Many marine fishes have long larval phase in the upper pelagic zone before transformation into a juvenile and a benthic life style. The retina at the larval stages consists of only single cone cells; later during metamorphosis double cones and rods develop. The flatfish Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) is a typical example of a marine species with such a two-step retina development. In this study, we have cloned five different opsins from Atlantic halibut larvae and juvenile retinas. Sequence comparisons with other opsins and phylogenetic analysis show that the five genes belong to the opsins of long-wavelength sensitive (L); middle-wavelength sensitive, MCone and MRod; and short-wavelength sensitive, SBlue and SUltraviolet, respectively. In situ hybridization analysis reveals expression in double cone (L and MCone), single cone (SBlue and SUltraviolet), and rod (MRod) types of photoreceptor cells in juvenile halibut retina. The visual system in Atlantic halibut seems therefore to have all four types of cone photoreceptors in addition to rod photoreceptors. This work shows for the first time molecular isolation of a complete set of retinal visual pigment genes from a marine teleost and describes the first cloning of an ultraviolet-sensitive opsin type from a marine teleost.
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Tutelyan, Victor A., Lidia V. Kravchenko, Ilya V. Aksenov, Nikita V. Trusov, Galina V. Guseva, Vera M. Kodentsova, Oksana A. Vrzhesinskaya, and Nina A. Beketova. "Activity of Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes in the Liver of Rats with Multi-Vitamin Deficiency." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 83, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000140.

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The purpose of the study was to determine how multi-vitamin deficiency affects xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme (XME) activities in the rat liver. Vitamin levels and XME activities were studied in the livers of male Wistar rats who were fed for 4 weeks with semi-synthetic diets containing either adequate (100 % of recommended vitamin intake) levels of vitamins (control), or decreased vitamin levels (50 % or 20 % of recommended vitamin intake). The study results have shown that moderate vitamin deficiency (50 %) leads to a decrease of vitamin A levels only, and to a slight increase, as compared with the control, in the following enzyme activities: methoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (MROD) activity of CYP1 A2 - by 34 % (p < 0.05), UDP-glucuronosyl transferase - by 26 % (p < 0.05), and quinone reductase - by 55 % (p < 0.05). Profound vitamin deficiency (20 %) led to a decrease of vitamins A, E, B1, B2, and C, and enzyme activities in the liver: MROD - to 78 % of the control level (p < 0.05), 4-nitrophenol hydroxylase - to 74 % (p < 0.05), heme oxygenase-1 - to 83 % (p < 0.05), and quinone reductase - to 60 % (p < 0.05). At the same time, the UDP-glucuronosyl transferase activity and ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylase activity of CYP1A1, pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase activity of CYP2B1/2 and 6β-testosterone hydroxylase, as well as the total activity of glutathione transferase did not differ from the control levels. The study has demonstrated that profound multi-vitamin deficiency is associated with a decrease in the expression of CYP1A2 and CYP3A1 mRNAs to 62 % and 79 %, respectively. These data indicated that a short-term but profound multi-vitamin deficiency in rats leads to a decrease in the activities and expression of the some XME that play an important role in detoxification of xenobiotics and metabolism of drugs and antioxidant protection.
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Zamaratskaia, Galia, and Vladimir Zlabek. "EROD and MROD as Markers of Cytochrome P450 1A Activities in Hepatic Microsomes from Entire and Castrated Male Pigs." Sensors 9, no. 3 (March 23, 2009): 2134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s90302134.

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Murphy, M. B., M. Hecker, K. K. Coady, A. R. Tompsett, P. D. Jones, J. L. Newsted, H. L. Wong, et al. "Sediment TCDD-EQs and EROD and MROD Activities in Ranid Frogs from Agricultural and Nonagricultural Sites in Michigan (USA)." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 51, no. 3 (June 20, 2006): 467–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-005-0183-8.

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Arslan, Sevki, Ozden Ozgun, Gurbet Celik, Asli Semiz, Olcay Dusen, Ramazan Mammadov, and Alaattin Sen. "Effects of Cyclamen trochopteranthum on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes." Archives of Biological Sciences 63, no. 3 (2011): 545–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1103545a.

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The modulatory effects of the Cyclamen trochopterantum tuber extract on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes, including aniline 4-hydroxylase (A4H; CYP2E1), ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD; CYP1A), methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD; CYP1A), caffeine N-demethylase (C3ND; CYP1A2) aminopyrene N-demethylase (APND; CYP2C6), and erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND; CYP3A1), were examined in vivo in rats. The activities of all of these enzymes were induced by the cyclamen extract. In addition, Western-blot and RT-PCR results clearly showed that CYP2E1, CYP1A1/CYP1A2 and CYP2C6 protein and mRNA levels were substantially increased by four different doses of cyclamen. Although, the CYP3A1 protein level was increased significantly, the mRNA level was not changed. These results indicate that cyclamen tuber extract might have a potential not only to inhibit and/or induce the metabolism of certain co-administered drugs but also influence the development of toxicity and carcinogenesis due to the induction of the cytochrome P450-dependent drug-metabolizing enzymes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "MROD"

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Gambaro, Sabrina Eliana. "Ruolo dei citocromi P450 cerebrali nell’ossidazione della bilirubina: inducibilità ed attività." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/10116.

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2012/2013
Abstract Hyperbilirubinemia is the most common clinical diagnosis during neona- tal life. The neonatal jaundice may be physiological without any clinical consequence, or can lead to an acute form of bilirubin en- cephalopathy with minimal neurological damage, or to more severe and dangerous condition called kernicterus (permanent neurological sequelae). The Gunn rat is one of the models in which bilirubin encephalopathy was studied. It was shown that jaundiced newborn animals display an hepatic compensatory mechanism for the incapacity to eliminate bilirubin (Ugt1A1 mutant enzyme) by upregulation of cyotochrome P450 enzymes (Cyp) 1A1 and 1A2 compared with their not jaun- diced littermates. In addition, their expression in brain was selec- tively induced (cortex higher and early vs. cerebellum lower and late induction) by sudden increase of bilirubin content. Cyotochrome P450 enzymes are the main enzymes involved in the detoxification of drug and endogenous compounds. In liver their role in bilirubin oxidation has been deeply demonstrated. In brain, there are many works that analyzed Cyps expression and induction, but their role in bilirubin oxidation has never been evaluated till now. This thesis focused in; 1) analyze the inducibility of Cyps enzymes, by a known inducer, βNF in cortex and cerebellum astrocytes; 2) Select the optimal conditions to induce specifically each of them; 3) analyze their activity and 4) evaluate their capacity to oxidize bilirubin; 5) Last but not least, assess the protective effect of Cyps induction by challenging the cells with high concentrations of bilirubin.We demonstrated that astrocytes Cyps were inducible (both mRNA and activity) by βNF and this induction varies depending on the brain region and among the Cyps. To explain the differences we hypoth- esized the presence of: i) a different protein isoforms (discarded for Cyp1A1) ii) different maturation stage of astrocytes in the two brain regions (P2 rats: Cll is less developed than Cx), iii) differential regu- latory mechanisms. Our work showed that in Cx astrocytes Cyp1A1 induction (mRNA and activity) was an early event (6h), requiring low concentration of the drug, making this approach theoretically possible in vivo. On the other hand, to reach the higher levels of Cyp1A1 (mRNA and activ- ity) in Cll we needed 24h. In both cases Cyp1A1 was able to oxidize bilirubin producing an increase in viability only after TCB addition. The Cyp1A2 was the major catalyst of bilirubin degradation (with- out the need of TCB), but its modulation was more difficult to be achieved. In addition, while Cyp1A2 modulation increased bilirubin oxidation in cortex (also reflected in an increment in viability), in cerebellum we noticed a slight reduction in bilirubin clearance (no improvements in viability). All this data could lead to the basis of the cerebellum susceptibility to UCB. The observation that the TCB addition in Cyp1A1 astrocytes increases bilirubin oxidation and via- bility suggest the possibility to induce Cll resistance toward bilirubin neurotoxicity by Cyps modulation and uncoupling. --------------------------------------------- Riassunto Una delle condizioni neonatali pi`u comuni `e l’ittero. Esso rappresenta l’aumento fisiologico della bilirubina nel sangue e tessuti. Tuttavia esso pu`o divenire una condizione patologica (encefalopatia da biliru- bina), caratterizzata da un danno neurologico minimo, o condurre a una condizione severa e pericolosa per il neonato chiamata kernit- tero (danni permanenti), in caso di una esposizione prolungata ad alti livelli del pigmento. Attualmente, la patologia da iperbilirubinemia rappresenta la principale causa di riammissione in ospedale nel primo mese di vita. Per il danno neurologico da bilirubina esiste un modello animale, il ratto Gunn, che presenta la stessa mutazione genica dei pazienti Crigler-Najjar I. Come nella condizione umana, esso manca della uridin di fosfo glucuronisil tranferasi 1a1 (Ugt1A1), enzima epatico deputato alla coniugazione della bilirubina. Tuttavia l’animale ri- esce a compensare la mancanza mantenendo bassi i livelli serici di bilirubina, grazie ad una incrementata attivit`a delle citocromo P450 mono-ossigenasi epatiche (Cyps, Cyp1A1 and Cyp1A2). Tali enzimi riducono la concentrazione del pigmento attraverso la sua ossidazione. ` E stato supposto che questo meccanismo possa essere alla base anche della capacit`a di specifiche aree del cervello (cortex e collicoli superiori, vs. i danneggiati cervelletto, ippocampo e collicoli inferiori) di ridurre la concentrazione del pigmento, limitando/impedendo il danno neu- rologico associato. Sebbene il loro ruolo, i meccanismi ed i prodotti della loro attivit`a di clearance della bilirubina siano stati ampiamente dimostrati in fegato, in cervello non sono ancora disponibili evidenze funzionali della loro capacit`a di ossidare la bilirubina. L’obiettivo di questa tesi `e stato di analizzare 1) la modulazione delle Cyps cerebrali (brain Cyp: bCyp) utilizzando un noto induttore, βNF; 2) selezionare le condizione ottimali per una induzione selettiva di cias- cuna bCyp; 3) allo scopo di valutare la loro attivit`a (EROD/MROD);4) e la capacit`a specifica di ossidare bilirubina; 5) conferendo pro- tezione (aumento vitalit`a) alle culture primarie di astrociti (da cortex e cervelletto) esposte a dosi tossiche di bilirubina. Questo studio ha dimostrato la inducibilit`a delle bCyps (mRNA e attivit`a) tramite βNF. Abbiamo evidenziato una modulazione dipen- dente della regione cerebrale da cui sono state prodotte le cellule, in aggiunta ad un comportamento differenziale delle Cyps tra loro. Pos- sibili spiegazioni possono essere: i) la presenza di diverse isoforme tra le regioni (ipotesi scartata in seguito ad analisi tramite western blot); ii) diversa presenza delle vie di segnalazione alla base dei meccanismi di modulazione, o, iii) una diversa risposta dovuta al diverso stadio sviluppo degli astrociti preparati dalle due regioni (ratti P2: il Cll `e meno sviluppato del Cx). Inoltre, abbiamo documentato una precoce (6h) inducibilit`a della Cyp1A1 nei astrociti dal Cx, che inoltre necessit`a di minori concen- trazioni del principio. Tali caratteristiche suggeriscono che la Cyp1A1 sia pi`u facilmente modulabile in vivo. Tuttavia, per ottenere una buona modulazione nel cervelletto (regione pi`u sensibile al danno), bisogna mantenere la concentrazione dell’ induttore per un tempo lungo (24h). In entrambe le regioni, un incremento significativo della capacit`a di ossidare bilirubina, migliorando la vitalit`a delle cellule, `e stato ottenuto solo dopo il co-trattamento con TCB (disaccoppia- mento). La Cyp1A2 `e stata significativamente modulata solo negli astrociti da Cx (24h), in cui abbiamo evidenziato un chiara capacit`a dell’enzima di ossidare la bilirubina e migliorare la vitalit`a in assenza di TCB. I risultati ottenuti permettono di comprendere la suscettibilit`a differenziale (tra regioni del cervello) tipica di questa patologia. La capacit`a di indurre Cyp1A1 e renderli pronti a ossidare la bilirubina nei astrociti da Cll (regione pi`u danneggiata) e Cyp1A1/Cyp1A2 in Cx e oltre migliorando la viabilit`a di questi suggeriscono la possibilit`a di conferire resistenza a la tossicit`a da bilirubina.
XXVI Ciclo
1986
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Rea, Alexander David. "Fast tip-tilt correction at the MROI and beyond." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708940.

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Majer, Florian. "Molekularbiologische und biochemische Charakterisierung der Lantibiotika-Biosyntheseenzyme EpiD und MrsD /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/356619915.pdf.

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Mroz, Magda [Verfasser]. "Time-varying copula models for financial time series / Magda Mroz." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Fakultät für Mathematik und Wirtschaftswissenschaften, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027341578/34.

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Al-kaabi, Hamad A. "Airlines' maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) configurations." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437225.

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Liu, Fu-Chau. "Evaluation of effective MDTD/MRTD for FLIR from PREOS92 measurement data." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA316563.

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Thesis (M.S. in Applied Physics (Electro-Optics)) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1996.
Thesis advisor(s): Alfred W. Cooper, Donald L. Walters. "June 1996." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
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Ma, Xing. "Analysis of the role of MreC and MreD in Staphylococcus aureus." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16060/.

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Bergkvist, Erik, and Tommy Sabbagh. "Smart Future Solutions for Maintenance of Aircraft : Enhancing Aircraft Maintenance at Saab AB." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell Produktion, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176561.

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This master thesis has the purpose to analyse and identify smart efficient future solutions within the Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) process for aircraft. The efficiency solutions, in form of new technologies and tools, should present a foundation that MRO suppliers can continue to develop to enhance and streamline their maintenance processes. The project was performed as a case study at the aerospace and defense company Saab AB in Linköping, where the company's MRO process was investigated. Through identifying possibilities and alternative technologies available today and in the near future, one continues to have a competitive and future-proof position in the market.  Through an own constructed course of action influenced from established methods, the thesis' purpose and aim was attained. The method was based on authentic approaches for case studies but also inspired by the so-called "Requirement Engineering". The combination of the methods resulted in a precise focus on the relevant subjects, together with a clear structure of the requirements on the technologies to reach a successful implementation. Through a detailed data collection comprised of study visits, interviews, literature studies, market analyses, and document reviews, multiple relevant technologies and requirement-lists for utilization were identified.  To concretize the use and potential improvements with the technologies, the project had the objective to develop a demonstrator with one of the technologies presented. The demonstrator should focus on minimizing the use of paper, which is a common problem among many market actors today. The most promising technology was considered to be a tablet application with an accommodated application. The selection of the tablet solution was based on the motivation that it is a well-established technology and a favorable first step from paperwork.  To conclude this master thesis, a tablet application was developed in Novacura Flow Studio, where the majority of the identified requirements were fulfilled. Beyond the demonstrator, an introduction and analysis of technologies, such as AR-glasses, voice guidance, additive manufacturing, and a digital twin, was presented.
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Freidl, Marco. "MRO-Modelle in der Luftfahrtindustrie Strategische Handlungsoptionen für Airlines /." St. Gallen, 2007. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/04602850001/$FILE/04602850001.pdf.

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Poon, Arthur Wai Keong 1979. "Software agents : an application to the airline MRO industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17783.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-118).
Poor management of aircraft spare parts, human-related maintenance errors and the lack of coordinated decision-making in maintenance scheduling are some of the problems plaguing the airline MRO industry. Airlines, independent MRO providers and government agencies, particularly the Federal Aviation Administration have identified inefficiencies in MRO operations as a barrier to the realization of a safer and more effective air transportation system. The National Airspace System is slowly beginning to address this problem and one of its initiatives involves the gradual adoption of agent-based solutions and ontologies to automate some of the business processes in MRO depots. Agents and automated processes are ideal choices for making sense of ontologies and are key components in the next generation Semantic Web. The focus lies with improving business logic and practices of air carriers' MRO activities using software agent principles. This thesis proposes agent architectures for aircraft inspections, repairs and supply chain management of aircraft replacement parts and discusses the resulting implications of using agents as a decision-making tool for aircraft maintenance and repair in commercial airlines.
by Arthur Wai Keong Poon.
S.M.
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Books on the topic "MROD"

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Medical Review Officer Certification Council, ed. The medical review officer team manual: MROCC's guide for MROs and MRO assistants. Beverly Farms, MA: OEM Press, 2009.

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Samer, Chamoun, and Widrig Daniel, eds. Morphê: MRGD. Wien: Springer, 2008.

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Falkiewicz, Andrzej. Ledwie mrok. Wrocław: Wydawn. Dolnośląskie, 1998.

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Stanisławski, Wojciech Jan. Mrok nocy. [S.l: s.n., 1989.

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Stanisławski, Wojciech Jan. Mrok nocy. Toronto: Futura Graphics, 1989.

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Development, Afghanistan Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and. What MRRD does?. [Kabul: Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation & Development], 2006.

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MRO purchasing. West Palm Beach, FL: PT Publications, 1997.

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Vũ, Hạnh. Nhwo mroi tình đsau. [Hà Nuoi]: NXB Công an nhân dân, 2007.

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Qiongyao. Trăm mroi tơ lòng. [Vietnam?]: Văn Học, 2000.

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Hesse, Hermann. Mroi tình ckua chàng nhạc sĩ. [Tp. Hso Chí Minh]: NXB Huoi nhà văn, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "MROD"

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Safavi-Naini, Rei, Shahram Bakhtiari, and Chris Charnes. "MRD Hashing." In Fast Software Encryption, 134–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-69710-1_10.

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Deckert, Ronald, and Phyllis Dirrler. "Flugzeuginstandhaltung (MRO)." In essentials, 11–14. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33963-0_3.

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Sproull, ByBob. "TOC in MRO." In The Focus and Leverage Improvement Book, 231–46. 1 Edition. | New York, NY : Taylor & Francis, [2019]: Productivity Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429444456-15.

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Kato, Motohiro. "MRD in Pediatric ALL." In Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, 37–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0548-5_5.

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Nahler, Gerhard. "maximum repeatable dose (MRD)." In Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Medicine, 110. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-89836-9_826.

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Meijer, Gert. "Aircraft supply and MRO." In Fundamentals of Aviation Operations, 124–35. First Edition. | New York: Routledge, 2020. |: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429318801-17.

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Garg, Ajay, and Anil Dewan. "Medical Record Department (MRD)." In Manual of Hospital Planning and Designing, 369–74. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8456-2_33.

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Tsukamoto, R., Giuseppe Pezzotti, M. Ogino, H. Shoji, T. Asano, Takashi Nakamura, and Ian C. Clarke. "Zirconia Knee Wear and Raman Spectroscopy Studies Compares 3.5-Mrad and 7-Mrad UHMWPE Inserts." In Bioceramics 18, 1285–88. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-992-x.1285.

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Mertins, Kai, Thomas Knothe, and Pavel Gocev. "Towards CPS Based Aircraft MRO." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 166–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32775-9_17.

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Weidemann, Hans-Jürgen. "Emissions- und staufreier alpenquerender Güterverkehr: Wachstumspotenziale und -hürden für den Verkehrsträger Schiene am Beispiel „Brenner-Pass“." In Bibliothek des Wirtschaftsrechts, 235–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63635-0_11.

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ZusammenfassungDie Staaten Europas laufen Gefahr, ihre ambitionierten verkehrs- und klimapolitischen Ziele für den Güterverkehr zu verfehlen. Zugleich sind wesentliche Kernstrecken in Europa durch den massiven Lkw-Verkehr überlastet. Dem nur langsamen Ausbau der Fernstraßen steht eine signifikante Zunahme der Transportleistung durch schwere Lkw gegenüber. Europas Straßenverkehr drohen Fahrermangel, Dauerstau und Kostensteigerung. Bereits seit 2010 übersteigt die Transportleistung im Straßengüterverkehr mit über 400 Mrd. Tonnen- Kilometer die Kapazität der Autobahnen. Grafik 1 zeigt die tatsächliche Verkehrsleistung in Mrd. Tonnenkilometern (rote Kurve), welche die nominale Kapazität der Bundesautobahnen in Deutschland seit etwa 2010 übersteigt (schwarze Kurve) – und die Anzahl der Staus in Deutschland, die sich seit der Überlastung der Autobahnen in nur sechs Jahren vervierfacht hat.
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Conference papers on the topic "MROD"

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Takase, Hideki, Tomoya Mori, Kazuyoshi Takagi, and Naofumi Takagi. "mROS." In the 10th International Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3337801.3337815.

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Jacobs, Eddie L., Ronald G. Driggers, Timothy C. Edwards, and Jae Cha. "Virtual MRTD experiments." In AeroSense '99, edited by Gerald C. Holst. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.352989.

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Jacobs, Eddie L., Jae Cha, Timothy C. Edwards, and Charmaine C. Franck. "Dynamic MRTD simulation." In AeroSense 2000, edited by Gerald C. Holst. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.391790.

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van Rheenen, Arthur D., Petter Taule, Jan B. Thomassen, and Eirik B. Madsen. "MRTD: man versus machine." In Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXIX, edited by Keith A. Krapels and Gerald C. Holst. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2304581.

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Williams, T. L., N. T. Davidson, and S. Wocial. "Objective Measurement Of MRTD." In Infrared Systems--Design and Testing, edited by Peter R. Hall and John S. Seeley. SPIE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.945566.

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Liu, Guihua, and Benming Zhu. "An Improved MRWD Coding Algorithm." In Third International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2007.219.

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Lohrmann, Dieter, and Gwendolyn W. Newsome. "Relationship of PCU to MRTD." In Aerospace/Defense Sensing and Controls, edited by Gerald C. Holst. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.241948.

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Williams, Thomas L. "Objective MRTD measurement: an update." In London - DL tentative, edited by Alan H. Lettington. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.22351.

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Williams, Thomas L. "Update on objective MRTD measurement." In Orlando '90, 16-20 April, edited by Gerald C. Holst. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.21786.

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Kauffman, Christopher L., John M. Madigan, Jr., and William R. Pfister. "Static image system MRTD modeling." In Aerospace/Defense Sensing and Controls, edited by Gerald C. Holst. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.319361.

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Reports on the topic "MROD"

1

Moffeit, Ken, Takashi Maruyama, Yuri Nosochkov, Andrei Seryi, and Mike Wood. Comparison of 2 mrad and 14/20 mrad Crossing Angle Extraction Lines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/887075.

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Alberts, Christopher, and Audrey Dorofee. Mission Risk Diagnostic (MRD) Method Description. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada611114.

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Aldrich, Susan. Lessons from FindMRO.com, the MRO Sleuth. Boston, MA: Patricia Seybold Group, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1571/cs12-21-00cc.

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Toprek, Dragan, /VINCA Inst. Nucl. Sci., Belgrade, Yuri Nosochkov, and /SLAC. Effects of Magnet Errors in the ILC 14 mrad Extraction Line. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/952992.

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Moffeit, Ken, Takashi Maruyama, Yuri Nosochkov, Andrei Seryi, Mark Woodley, and Mike Woods. Proposal to Modify the Polarimeter Chicane in the ILC 14 mrad Extraction Line. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/901838.

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Alberts, Christopher, Audrey Dorofee, Robin Ruefle, and Mark Zajicek. An Introduction to the Mission Risk Diagnostic for Incident Management Capabilities (MRD-IMC). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada609862.

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Toprek, Dragan, and Yuri Nosochkov. Evaluation and Compensation of Detector Solenoid Effects on Disrupted Beam in the ILC 14 mrad Extraction Line. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/944550.

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Ferrari, A., and Y. Nosochkov. Beam Losses in the Extraction Line of a TeV E+ E- Linear Collider With a 20-Mrad Crossing Angle. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/878350.

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Massotti, Luca, Günther March, and Ilias Daras. Next Generation Gravity Mission as a Mass-change And Geosciences International Constellation (MAGIC) Mission Requirements Document. Edited by Roger Haagmans and Lucia Tsaoussi. European Space Agency, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/esa.nasa.magic-mrd.2020.

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MAGIC is the joint NASA/ESA constellation concept based on NASA’s Mass Change Designated Observable (MCDO) and ESA’s Next Generation Gravity Missions (NGGM) studies. The main objective of MAGIC is to extend the mass transport time series of previous gravity missions such as GRACE and GRACE-FO with significantly enhanced accuracy, spatial and temporal resolutions and to demonstrate the operational capabilities of MAGIC with the goal of answering global user community needs to the greatest possible extent. This document defines unambiguous and traceable requirements for preparing and developing MAGIC. The scope of the MAGIC Mission Requirement Document includes end-to-end Earth observation system including user/scientific requirements, mission operations, data product development and processing, data distribution and data archiving. The intention of the document is also to accommodate results from NASA MCDO study, ESA Phase-0 NGGM and other national studies on future gravity missions. The MAGIC MRD is a NASA/ESA reference document frozen in its current version 1.0 that defines the mission requirements achievable by an optimised two-pair Bender-type constellation of a future implementation. Subsequent ESA and NASA official documents of updated implementation baseline will be traceable to the MAGIC MRD.
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Burov, Olexandr, Serhiy Semerikov, and Hennadiy Kravtsov. ICTERI 2020: ICT in Education, Research and Industrial Applications. Integration, Harmonization and Knowledge Transfer 2020 : Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on ICT in Education, Research and Industrial Applications. Integration, Harmonization and Knowledge Transfer. Volume II: Workshops. Kharkiv, Ukraine, October 06-10, 2020. Edited by Oleksandr Sokolov, Grygoriy Zholtkevych, Vitaliy Yakovyna, Yulia Tarasich, Vyacheslav Kharchenko, and Vitaliy Kobets. [б. в.], November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4124.

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This volume represents the proceedings of the Workshops co-located with the 16th International Conference on ICT in Education, Research, and Industrial Applications, held in Kharkiv, Ukraine, in October 2020. It comprises 101 contributed papers that were carefully peer-reviewed and selected from 233 submissions for the five workshops: RMSEBT, TheRMIT, ITER, 3L-Person, CoSinE, MROL. The volume is structured in six parts, each presenting the contributions for a particular workshop. The topical scope of the volume is aligned with the thematic tracks of ICTERI 2020: (I) Advances in ICT Research; (II) Information Systems: Technology and Applications; (III) Academia/Industry ICT Cooperation; and (IV) ICT in Education.
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