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Journal articles on the topic 'MPI'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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1

Fleming, Richard. "Reno Cardiologist Confirms FMTVDM – Opening New Opportunities for Nuclear Cardiologists." Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/001.

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Background: A quantitative myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and oncologic - including molecular breast imaging (MBI) - utility patent (FMTVDM*) previously validated at experienced MPI and MBI centers was independently tested for clinical application at a private practice Reno, Nevada cardiologists office. Methods: Using FMTVDM, a private practice cardiologist independently investigated forty-four regions of interest (ROI) in 12-women with varying transitional levels of breast changes – including breast cancer. Results: Using FMTVDM, a nuclear cardiologist without prior experience in MBI was able to easily measure changes in women’s breast tissue differentiating inflammatory and cancerous breast tissue from normal using the same camera used for MPI. These measured changes provided diagnostically useful information on cellular metabolism and regional blood flow changes (RBF) – the same properties which differentiate ischemic coronary artery disease (CAD) on myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). Conclusions: Quantitative MBI using FMTVDM allows differentiation of tissue types through measurement of enhanced regional blood flow and metabolic differences. Nuclear cardiologists have previously reported cases of breast cancer while conducting MPI studies. This investigation demonstrated that nuclear cardiologists can independently conduct MBI in addition to MPI studies using the nuclear cameras they currently use for MPI.
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2

Overbeek, Femke C. M. S., Jeannette A. Goudzwaard, Judy van Hemmen, Rozemarijn L. van Bruchem-Visser, Janne M. Papma, Harmke A. Polinder-Bos, and Francesco U. S. Mattace-Raso. "The Multidimensional Prognostic Index Predicts Mortality in Older Outpatients with Cognitive Decline." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 9 (April 23, 2022): 2369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092369.

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Since the heterogeneity of the growing group of older outpatients with cognitive decline, it is challenging to evaluate survival rates in clinical shared decision making. The primary outcome was to determine whether the Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI) predicts mortality, whilst assessing the MPI distribution was considered secondary. This retrospective chart review included 311 outpatients aged ≥65 years and diagnosed with dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The MPI includes several domains of the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). All characteristics and data to calculate the risk score and mortality data were extracted from administrative information in the database of the Alzheimer’s Center and medical records. The study population (mean age 76.8 years, men = 51.4%) was divided as follows: 34.1% belonged to MPI category 1, 52.1% to MPI category 2 and 13.8% to MPI category 3. Patients with dementia have a higher mean MPI risk score than patients with MCI (0.47 vs. 0.32; p < 0.001). The HRs and corresponding 95% CIs for mortality in patients in MPI categories 2 and 3 were 1.67 (0.81–3.45) and 3.80 (1.56–9.24) compared with MPI category 1, respectively. This study shows that the MPI predicts mortality in outpatients with cognitive decline.
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3

Hilbrich, Tobias, Matthias S. Müller, and Bettina Krammer. "MPI Correctness Checking for OpenMP/MPI Applications." International Journal of Parallel Programming 37, no. 3 (April 22, 2009): 277–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10766-009-0099-4.

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4

Redden, Miles D., Daniel W. Shike, and Joshua C. McCann. "335 Metabolizable protein requirement of lightweight beef calves." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (July 2019): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.241.

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Abstract The objective was to assess the metabolizable protein (MP) requirements of lightweight beef steers. The 2016 Beef Cattle Nutrient Requirements Model (BCNRM) prediction of MP requirements in lightweight beef steers (less than 250 kg) is limited by available performance data in beef calves. Fall born Angus × Simmental crossbred steers (n = 172; BW = 153 kg) were weaned at 70 d of age (± 26 d), backgrounded 73 d, implanted with Component TE-IS, blocked by BW as light (96–163 kg) or heavy (163–215 kg), and assigned to one of four treatments for 56 d. Treatment diets provided MP at: 0.59 (MP1), 0.69 (MP2), 0.85 (MP3), and 0.91 kg per d (MP4) based on observed DMI. Energy was similar across all treatments at 2.14 Mcal/kg ME. Shrunk body weights were collected on d 0 and 56 to estimate performance. Dry matter intake was affected (P < 0.01) by treatment and increased (linear; P < 0.01) with greater provision of MP. As a percent of shrunk body weight, DMI averaged 2.8% and tended (linear; P = 0.07) to increase with MP. Based on observed DMI, ADG for MP1, MP2, MP3, and MP4 was predicted using the BCNRM at 1.15, 1.55, 1.99, and 1.98 kg, respectively. Observed ADG increased quadratically (P = 0.01) with MP1, MP2, MP3, and MP4 gaining 1.86, 2.13, 2.3, and 2.3 kg, respectively. Final BW increased (quadratic; P = 0.02) with greater MP as MP1, MP2, MP3, and MP4 were 258, 273, 282, and 284 kg, respectively. Gain:feed increased quadratically (P = 0.04) with observed values for MP1, MP2, MP3, and MP4 being 0.323, 0.357, 0.359, and 0.360, respectively. Steer ADG response exceeded BCNRM predictions by 29%. Data suggest MP requirements of lightweight beef steers (BW = 213 kg) are 0.85 kg per d to achieve 2.3 kg ADG when fed a 2.14 Mcal/kg ME diet.
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5

Liu, Feilong, Claude Barthels, Spyros Blanas, Hideaki Kimura, and Garret Swart. "Beyond MPI." ACM SIGMOD Record 49, no. 4 (March 8, 2021): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3456859.3456862.

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Networkswith Remote DirectMemoryAccess (RDMA) support are becoming increasingly common. RDMA, however, offers a limited programming interface to remote memory that consists of read, write and atomic operations. With RDMA alone, completing the most basic operations on remote data structures often requires multiple round-trips over the network. Data-intensive systems strongly desire higher-level communication abstractions that supportmore complex interaction patterns. A natural candidate to consider is MPI, the de facto standard for developing high-performance applications in the HPC community. This paper critically evaluates the communication primitives of MPI and shows that using MPI in the context of a data processing system comes with its own set of insurmountable challenges. Based on this analysis, we propose a new communication abstraction named RDMO, or Remote DirectMemory Operation, that dispatches a short sequence of reads, writes and atomic operations to remote memory and executes them in a single round-trip.
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6

&NA;. "MPI-5003." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1133 (April 1998): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199811330-00014.

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7

Karwande, Amit, Xin Yuan, and David K. Lowenthal. "CC--MPI." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 38, no. 10 (October 2003): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/966049.781514.

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8

LOUCA, SOULLA, NEOPHYTOS NEOPHYTOU, ADRIANOS LACHANAS, and PARASKEVAS EVRIPIDOU. "MPI-FT: PORTABLE FAULT TOLERANCE SCHEME FOR MPI." Parallel Processing Letters 10, no. 04 (December 2000): 371–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626400000342.

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In this paper, we propose the design and development of a fault tolerant and recovery scheme for the Message Passing Interface (MPI). The proposed scheme consists of a detection mechanism for detecting process failures, and a recovery mechanism. Two different cases are considered, both assuming the existence of a monitoring process, the Observer which triggers the recovery procedure in case of failure. In the first case, each process keeps a buffer with its own message traffic to be used in case of failure, while the implementor uses periodical tests for notification of failure by the Observer. The recovery function simulates all the communication of the processes with the dead one by re-sending to the replacement process all the messages destined for the dead one. In the second case, the Observer receives and stores all message traffic, and sends to the replacement all the buffered messages destined for the dead process. Solutions are provided to the dead communicator problem caused by the death of a process. A description of the prototype developed is provided along with the results of the experiments performed for efficiency and performance.
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9

Aji, Ashwin M., Lokendra S. Panwar, Feng Ji, Karthik Murthy, Milind Chabbi, Pavan Balaji, Keith R. Bisset, et al. "MPI-ACC: Accelerator-Aware MPI for Scientific Applications." IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 27, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 1401–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2015.2446479.

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10

Fang, Niandong, and Helmar Burkhart. "MPI-DDL: A distributed-data library for MPI." Future Generation Computer Systems 12, no. 5 (April 1997): 407–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-739x(96)00026-x.

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11

Vogel, Patrick, Steffen Lother, Martin A. Ruckert, Walter H. Kullmann, Peter M. Jakob, Florian Fidler, and Volker C. Behr. "MRI Meets MPI: A Bimodal MPI-MRI Tomograph." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 33, no. 10 (October 2014): 1954–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2014.2327515.

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12

Lauria, Mario, and Andrew Chien. "MPI-FM: High Performance MPI on Workstation Clusters." Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing 40, no. 1 (January 1997): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jpdc.1996.1264.

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13

Chiang, Y. C., and Y. T. Kiang. "Genetic analysis of mannose-6-phosphate isomerase in soybeans." Genome 30, no. 5 (October 1, 1988): 808–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g88-130.

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Five mannose-6-phosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.8) variants were observed electrophoretically in cultivated soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and wild soybeans (G. soja Sieb. &Zucc.). Four of the five variants differed in the mobility of the two mannose-6-phosphate isomerase bands observed, while the fifth showed no enzyme activity. Several crosses involving different variants were made to study inheritance of the observed variants. The inheritance data showed that the five variants were allelic and controlled by a single locus (Mpi). The five alleles were as follows: Mpi-a (Rf 0.61 and 0.66); Mpi-b (Rf 0.66 and 0.7); Mpi-c (Rf 0.71 and 0.75); Mpi-d (Rf 0.76 and 0.80); and mpi. Mpi-a, Mpi-b, Mpi-c, and Mpi-d are codominant, and the null allele mpi is recessive. The Mpi-b allele is most common while the Mpi-d and mpi alleles are rare in both the cultivated and wild soybean germ plasm from various sources examined.Key words: Glycine max, Glycine soja, isozymes, Mpi, gel electrophoresis, allelic frequency.
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14

Hoefler, Torsten, James Dinan, Darius Buntinas, Pavan Balaji, Brian Barrett, Ron Brightwell, William Gropp, Vivek Kale, and Rajeev Thakur. "MPI + MPI: a new hybrid approach to parallel programming with MPI plus shared memory." Computing 95, no. 12 (May 19, 2013): 1121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00607-013-0324-2.

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15

Maile, Emily, Judy McKimm, and Alex Till. "Exploring medical leader identity and its formation." Leadership in Health Services 32, no. 4 (September 26, 2019): 584–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhs-12-2018-0066.

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Purpose “Becoming” a doctor involves the acquisition of medical knowledge, skills and professional identity. Medical professional identity formation (MPIF) is complex, multi-factorial and closely linked to societal expectations, personal and social identity. Increasingly, doctors are required to engage in leadership/management involving significant identity shift. This paper aims to explore medical professional identity (MPI) and MPIF in relation to doctors as leaders. Selected identity theories are used to enrich the understanding of challenges facing doctors in leadership situations and two concepts are introduced: medical leader identity (MLI) and medical leader identity formation (MLIF) and consideration given to how they can be nurtured within medical practice. Design/methodology/approach A rapid conceptual review of relevant literature was carried out to identify a set of relevant concepts and theories that could be used to develop a new conceptual framework for MLI and MLIF. Findings MLIF is crucial for doctors to develop as medical leaders, and, like MPIF, the process begins before medical school with both identities influenced, shaped and challenged throughout doctors’ careers. Individuals require support in developing awareness that their identities are multiple, nested, interconnected and change over time. Originality/value This paper draws on concepts from wider literature on professional identity, in relation to how doctors might develop their MLI alongside their MPI. It offers a new perspective on MPI in the light of calls on doctors to “become and be healthcare leaders” and introduces the new concepts of MLI and MLIF.
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16

Chen, Xiaojun, Zhenqi Jiang, Xiao Han, Xiaolin Wang, and Xiaoying Tang. "The Reconstruction of Magnetic Particle Imaging: Current Approaches Based on the System Matrix." Diagnostics 11, no. 5 (April 26, 2021): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11050773.

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Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel non-invasive molecular imaging technology that images the distribution of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). It is not affected by imaging depth, with high sensitivity, high resolution, and no radiation. The MPI reconstruction with high precision and high quality is of enormous practical importance, and many studies have been conducted to improve the reconstruction accuracy and quality. MPI reconstruction based on the system matrix (SM) is an important part of MPI reconstruction. In this review, the principle of MPI, current construction methods of SM and the theory of SM-based MPI are discussed. For SM-based approaches, MPI reconstruction mainly has the following problems: the reconstruction problem is an inverse and ill-posed problem, the complex background signals seriously affect the reconstruction results, the field of view cannot cover the entire object, and the available 3D datasets are of relatively large volume. In this review, we compared and grouped different studies on the above issues, including SM-based MPI reconstruction based on the state-of-the-art Tikhonov regularization, SM-based MPI reconstruction based on the improved methods, SM-based MPI reconstruction methods to subtract the background signal, SM-based MPI reconstruction approaches to expand the spatial coverage, and matrix transformations to accelerate SM-based MPI reconstruction. In addition, the current phantoms and performance indicators used for SM-based reconstruction are listed. Finally, certain research suggestions for MPI reconstruction are proposed, expecting that this review will provide a certain reference for researchers in MPI reconstruction and will promote the future applications of MPI in clinical medicine.
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Milyukova, Olga Yu. "Некоторые способы параллельной реализации метода сопряженных градиентов с неявным факторизованным предобусловливателем." Математическое моделирование 36, no. 2 (February 2024): 174–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/mm-2024-02-10.

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Рассматриваются два способа применения MPI и MPI+OpenMP технологии для построения и обращения предобусловливателя неполного треугольного разложения Холецкого без заполнения IC(0) для решения систем линейных алгебраических уравнений с произвольной симметричной положительно определенной матрицей. Они отличаются способом вычисления матрицы предобусловливания IC(0). Способы применения MPI и MPI+OpenMP технологии основаны на использовании упорядочений узлов сетки, согласованных с разбиением области расчета. Проводится сравнение времени решения задач методом сопряженных градиентов с предобусловливателем IC(0) с использованием MPI и гибридной MPI+OpenMP технологии на примере модельных задач и ряда задач из коллекции разреженных матриц SuiteSparse, а также сравнение времени решения этих задач с использованием двух способов применения MPI и MPI+OpenMP технологии.
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Vogel, Patrick, Martin A. Ruckert, Peter M. Jakob, and Volker C. Behr. "$\mu $ MPI—Initial Experiments With an Ultrahigh Resolution MPI." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 51, no. 2 (February 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2014.2329135.

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19

Dalcín, Lisandro, Rodrigo Paz, Mario Storti, and Jorge D’Elía. "MPI for Python: Performance improvements and MPI-2 extensions." Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing 68, no. 5 (May 2008): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2007.09.005.

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20

Gallardo, Esthela, Jérôme Vienne, Leonardo Fialho, Patricia Teller, and James Browne. "Employing MPI_T in MPI Advisor to optimize application performance." International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications 32, no. 6 (January 31, 2017): 882–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094342016684005.

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MPI_T, the MPI Tool Information Interface, was introduced in the MPI 3.0 standard with the aim of enabling the development of more effective tools to support the Message Passing Interface (MPI), a standardized and portable message-passing system that is widely used in parallel programs. Most MPI optimization tools do not yet employ MPI_T and only describe the interactions between an application and an MPI library, thus requiring that users have expert knowledge to translate this information into optimizations. In contrast, MPI Advisor, a recently developed, easy-to-use methodology and tool for MPI performance optimization, pioneered the use of information provided by MPI_T to characterize the communication behaviors of an application and identify an MPI configuration that may enhance application performance. In addition to enabling the recommendation of performance optimizations, MPI_T has the potential to enable automatic runtime application of these optimizations. Optimization of MPI configurations is important because: (1) the vast majority of parallel applications executed on high-performance computing clusters use MPI for communication among processes, (2) most users execute their programs using the cluster’s default MPI configuration, and (3) while default configurations may give adequate performance, it is well known that optimizing the MPI runtime environment can significantly improve application performance, in particular, when the way in which the application is executed and/or the application’s input changes. This paper provides an overview of MPI_T, describes how it can be used to develop more effective MPI optimization tools, and demonstrates its use within an extended version of MPI Advisor. In doing the latter, it presents several MPI configuration choices that can significantly impact performance, shows how use of information collected at runtime with MPI_T and PMPI can be used to enhance performance, and presents MPI Advisor case studies of these configuration optimizations with performance gains of up to 40%.
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Veronese, Nicola, Stefano Vianello, Claudia Danesin, Florina Tudor, Gianfranco Pozzobon, and Alberto Pilotto. "Multidimensional Prognostic Index and Mortality in Intermediate Care Facilities: A Retrospective Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 2632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10122632.

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Multidimensional prognostic index (MPI) is a frailty assessment tool used for stratifying prognosis in older hospitalized people, but data regarding older people admitted to intermediate care facilities (ICFs) are missing. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether MPI can predict mortality in older patients admitted to the ICFs. MPI was calculated using different domains explored by a standard comprehensive geriatric assessment and categorized into tertiles (MPI-1 ≤ 0.20, MPI-2 0.20–0.34, MPI-3 > 0.34). A Cox’s regression analysis, taking mortality as the outcome, was used, reporting the results as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In total, 653 older patients were enrolled (mean age: 82 years, 59.1% females). Patients in MPI-2 (HR = 3.66; 95%CI: 2.45–5.47) and MPI-3 (HR = 6.22; 95%CI: 4.22–9.16) experienced a higher risk of mortality, compared to MPI-1. The accuracy of MPI in predicting mortality was good (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.70–0.78). In conclusion, our study showed that prognostic stratification, as assessed by the MPI, was associated with a significantly different risk of mortality in older patients admitted to the ICFs, indicating the necessity of using a CGA-based tool for better managing older people in this setting as well.
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Yu, Xiaotong, Eunyoung Oh, and Yookyung Kim. "A comparative study on the functional properties of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae and soybean protein isolates and hydrolysates." International Food Research Journal 28, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 816–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/ifrj.28.4.18.

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The present work aimed to compare the functional and antioxidant properties of mealworm larvae and soybean proteins at different processing steps. The mealworm larvae protein isolate (MPI) was hydrolysed with 2% alcalase at pH 8 and 60°C for 3 h to produce mealworm protein hydrolysate (MPH). The content of amino acids were higher in MPI than in soybean protein isolates (SPI), except for those of threonine, arginine, glutamic acid, and serine. MPI contained a higher amount of hydrophobic amino acids (941.4 µmol/L) than hydrophilic amino acids (697.1 µmol/L). The emulsifying activity, stability, and fat absorption capacity of MPI were higher than those of SPI, whereas their water absorption and holding capacities were similar. Alcalase hydrolysis increased MPI solubility. MPI showed lower solubility at pH 3 - 9 than that of SPI, whereas MPH had higher solubility than that of soy protein hydrolysate (SPH). The foam expansion capacity and foam stability of MPI were lower than those of SPI, but hydrolysis improved those of MPI. MPI formed a gel at pH 5, 7, and 9 at 15% concentration or at pH 7 and 9 at 10% concentration. However, MPH showed no gel formation under any conditions. The total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of MPI were higher than those of SPI. The DPPH activity of MPH (70%) was higher than that of MPI (18%), SPI (12%), or SPH (34%). MPI can be used as an alternative to SPI. Alcalase hydrolysis can increase the antioxidant effect, digestibility, and functionality of MPI as a sustainable ingredient in high value-added products.
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Morganti, Wanda, Nicola Veronese, Marina Barbagelata, Alberto Castagna, Carlo Custodero, Luisa Solimando, Marianna Ilarj Burgio, et al. "Validation of a Brief Form of the Self-Administered Multidimensional Prognostic Index: The SELFY-BRIEF-MPI Project." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 18 (September 18, 2023): 6026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12186026.

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In clinical practice, self-administered and brief tools to promptly identify older people at risk of frailty are required. The Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI), derived from the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) seems reliable enough to serve this purpose, but despite the several versions developed over the past 15 years, it lacks a self-administered and brief version. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the agreement between an abbreviated form of the SELFY-MPI (i.e., SELFY-BRIEF-MPI) and the standard version of the MPI. Four Italian hospitals consecutively enrolled outpatients and inpatients >65 years. The sample included 105 participants (mean age = 78.8 years, 53.3% females). Overall, the two versions showed non-statistically significant differences (Standard-MPI 0.42 ± 0.19 vs.. SELFY-BRIEF-MPI 0.41 ± 0.18; p = 0.104) and a very strong correlation (R = 0.86, p < 0.001). The Bland–Altman Plot revealed that only 5/105 measurements (4.76%) were outside the limits of agreement. The accuracy of the SELFY-BRIEF-MPI in identifying frail people (defined as a Standard-MPI > 0.66) was optimal (area under the curve, AUC = 0.90, p < 0.001). To predict multidimensional frailty, a SELFY-BRIEF-MPI score of 0.60 exhibited the greatest sensitivity/specificity ratio. In conclusion, the SELFY-BRIEF-MPI reported a good agreement with the standard version of the MPI, indicating its application in the screening of multidimensional frailty among older people.
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Tay, Zhi Wei, Prashant Chandrasekharan, Benjamin D. Fellows, Irati Rodrigo Arrizabalaga, Elaine Yu, Malini Olivo, and Steven M. Conolly. "Magnetic Particle Imaging: An Emerging Modality with Prospects in Diagnosis, Targeting and Therapy of Cancer." Cancers 13, no. 21 (October 21, 2021): 5285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13215285.

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Background: Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is an emerging imaging modality for quantitative direct imaging of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION or SPIO). With different physics from MRI, MPI benefits from ideal image contrast with zero background tissue signal. This enables clear visualization of cancer with image characteristics similar to PET or SPECT, but using radiation-free magnetic nanoparticles instead, with infinite-duration reporter persistence in vivo. MPI for cancer imaging: demonstrated months of quantitative imaging of the cancer-related immune response with in situ SPION-labelling of immune cells (e.g., neutrophils, CAR T-cells). Because MPI suffers absolutely no susceptibility artifacts in the lung, immuno-MPI could soon provide completely noninvasive early-stage diagnosis and treatment monitoring of lung cancers. MPI for magnetic steering: MPI gradients are ~150 × stronger than MRI, enabling remote magnetic steering of magneto-aerosol, nanoparticles, and catheter tips, enhancing therapeutic delivery by magnetic means. MPI for precision therapy: gradients enable focusing of magnetic hyperthermia and magnetic-actuated drug release with up to 2 mm precision. The extent of drug release from the magnetic nanocarrier can be quantitatively monitored by MPI of SPION’s MPS spectral changes within the nanocarrier. Conclusion: MPI is a promising new magnetic modality spanning cancer imaging to guided-therapy.
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Löwa, Norbert, Rebecca Hoffmann, Dirk Gutkelch, Olaf Kosch, Silvio Dutz, and Frank Wiekhorst. "A multi-purpose phantom kit for magnetic particle imaging." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2021-2081.

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Abstract Phantoms are essential tools for the development and characterization of Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI), an imaging technique that can quantitatively map the spatial distribution of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP). The objective of this study was to develop and validate a modular MPI phantom kit with high versatility for platform-independent quality assurance and the assembling of defined geometries in MPI. It was shown that the developed MPI phantom kit can be used for both application scenario testing and quality assurance in MPI which provides the basis for future reference phantoms to directly compare existing scanners within the MPI community.
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26

Gimovsky, Alexis C., Brianne Whitney, Dennis Wood, and Stuart Weiner. "Fetal myocardial index during labor." Prenatal Cardiology 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcard-2016-0007.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: The Myocardial Performance Index (MPI) is a Doppler derived myocardial function tool and can be used to evaluate systolic and diastolic function in fetuses. The objectives of this study were to investigate the MPI during labor and compare it to values in non-laboring women. METHODOLOGY: 40 women with uncomplicated, term, singleton pregnancies were recruited to this prospective observational study at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital. Controls were a retrospective cohort of women > 34 weeks who underwent third trimester fetal echocardiography. Fetal left and right sided isovolumic contraction time, isovolumic relaxation time and ejection time were recorded before, during and after contractions. Right and left sided MPI was then calculated. RESULTS: Laboring patients and non-laboring patients were comparable for age, race, gravidity and parity. During labor the average left MPI was 0.63 ± 0.17 and the average right MPI was 0.62 ± 0.20. The coefficient of correlation between MPI and cervical dilation was 0.15 for left MPI Index and 0.14 for right MPI. When comparing non-laboring to laboring women, the average left MPI for non-laboring women was 0.34 ± 0.04, p = <0.001. CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial Performance Index is a non-invasive, easily attainable measure of cardiac function that can be obtained during labor and does not change with cervical dilation. MPI is significantly different between laboring and non-laboring women. The fetal MPI may help define fetal status in labor.
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Milyukova, Olga Yurievna. "MPI+OpenMP methods for implementing the conjugate gradient method with the IC(0) preconditioner based on the use of grid node reordering." Keldysh Institute Preprints, no. 35 (2023): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/prepr-2023-35.

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The paper considers two ways of using MPI and MPI+OpenMP technologies for constructing and inverting the preconditioner of an incomplete triangular Cholesky decomposition without filling IC(0) for solving systems of linear algebraic equations with an arbitrary symmetric positive definite matrix. They differ in the way in which the preconditioning matrix IC(0) is computed. Methods of using MPI and MPI+OpenMP technologies are based on the use of grid node orderings consistent with the division of the calculation area. The use of OpenMP technology in the construction and inversion of the preconditioner is carried out for most rows of the matrix. Comparative timing results for the MPI+OpenMP and MPI implementations of the proposed preconditioning used with the conjugate gradient method for a model problems and the sparse matrix collections SuiteSparse as well as comparing the time of solving these problems using two methods of using MPI and MPI + OpenMP technology are presented.
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W., G. "MPI: Happy 25th." Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 38, no. 5 (October 1997): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001088049703800516.

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Dalcín, Lisandro, Rodrigo Paz, and Mario Storti. "MPI for Python." Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing 65, no. 9 (September 2005): 1108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2005.03.010.

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Zhou, Huan, José Gracia, Naweiluo Zhou, and Ralf Schneider. "Collectives in hybrid MPI+MPI code: Design, practice and performance." Parallel Computing 99 (November 2020): 102669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parco.2020.102669.

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31

Weatherly, D. Brent, David K. Lowenthal, Mario Nakazawa, and Franklin Lowenthal. "Dyn-MPI: Supporting MPI on medium-scale, non-dedicated clusters." Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing 66, no. 6 (June 2006): 822–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2006.02.002.

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32

Li, Shigang, Torsten Hoefler, Chungjin Hu, and Marc Snir. "Improved MPI collectives for MPI processes in shared address spaces." Cluster Computing 17, no. 4 (March 19, 2014): 1139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10586-014-0361-4.

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Fukai, Chisato, Kazuhide Nakajima, Yukihiro Goto, Kotaro Saito, and Takashi Matsui. "Study of MPI measurement conditions and MPI characteristic in BIF." Optical Fiber Technology 19, no. 5 (October 2013): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2013.04.004.

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34

范, 培勤. "Implementation and Performance Analysis of MPI + Open MPI Hybrid Programming." Computer Science and Application 09, no. 10 (2019): 1859–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/csa.2019.910208.

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35

Luecke, Glenn, Hua Chen, James Coyle, Jim Hoekstra, Marina Kraeva, and Yan Zou. "MPI-CHECK: a tool for checking Fortran 90 MPI programs." Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 15, no. 2 (2003): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.705.

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36

Wei, Hong-Mei, Jian Gao, Peng Qing, Kang Yu, Yan-Fei Fang, and Ming-Lu Li. "MPI-RCDD: A Framework for MPI Runtime Communication Deadlock Detection." Journal of Computer Science and Technology 35, no. 2 (March 2020): 395–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11390-020-9701-4.

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Jegger, David, Xavier Jeanrenaud, Mohammad Nasratullah, Pierre-Guy Chassot, Ajit Mallik, Hendrik Tevaearai, Ludwig K. von Segesser, Patrick Segers, and Nikolaos Stergiopulos. "Noninvasive Doppler-derived myocardial performance index in rats with myocardial infarction: validation and correlation by conductance catheter." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 290, no. 4 (April 2006): H1540—H1548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00935.2005.

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The rodent model of myocardial infarction (MI) is extensively used in heart failure studies. However, long-term follow-up of echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) function parameters such as the myocardial performance index (MPI) and its ratio with the fractional shortening (LVFS/MPI) has not been validated in conjunction with invasive indexes, such as those derived from the conductance catheter (CC). Sprague-Dawley rats with left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (MI group, n = 9) were compared with a sham-operated control group ( n = 10) without MI. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed every 2 wk over an 8-wk period, after which classic TTE parameters, especially MPI and LVFS/MPI, were compared with invasive indexes obtained by using a CC. Serial TTE data showed significant alterations in the majority of the noninvasive functional and structural parameters (classic and novel) studied in the presence of MI. Both MPI and LVFS/MPI significantly ( P < 0.05 for all reported values) correlated with body weight ( r = −0.58 and 0.76 for MPI and LVFS/MPI, respectively), preload recruitable stroke work ( r = −0.61 and 0.63), LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) ( r = 0.82 and −0.80), end-diastolic volume ( r = 0.61 and −0.58), and end-systolic volume ( r = 0.46 and −0.48). Forward stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that, of all variables tested, LVEDP was the only independent determinant of MPI ( r = 0.84) and LVFS/MPI ( r = 0.83). We conclude that MPI and LVFS/MPI correlate strongly and better than the classic noninvasive TTE parameters with established, invasively assessed indexes of contractility, preload, and volumetry. These findings support the use of these two new noninvasive indexes for long-term analysis of the post-MI LV remodeling.
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Hilbrich, Tobias, Joachim Protze, Martin Schulz, Bronis R. de Supinski, and Matthias S. Müller. "MPI Runtime Error Detection with MUST: Advances in Deadlock Detection." Scientific Programming 21, no. 3-4 (2013): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/314971.

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The widely used Message Passing Interface (MPI) is complex and rich. As a result, application developers require automated tools to avoid and to detect MPI programming errors. We present the Marmot Umpire Scalable Tool (MUST) that detects such errors with significantly increased scalability. We present improvements to our graph-based deadlock detection approach for MPI, which cover future MPI extensions. Our enhancements also check complex MPI constructs that no previous graph-based detection approach handled correctly. Finally, we present optimizations for the processing of MPI operations that reduce runtime deadlock detection overheads. Existing approaches often require 𝒪(p) analysis time per MPI operation, forpprocesses. We empirically observe that our improvements lead to sub-linear or better analysis time per operation for a wide range of real world applications.
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Maheshwari, Priya, Amanda Henry, and Alec W. Welsh. "The Fetal Modified Myocardial Performance Index: Is Automation the Future?" BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/215910.

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The fetal modified myocardial performance index (Mod-MPI) is a noninvasive, pulsed-wave Doppler-derived measure of global myocardial function. This review assesses the progress in technical refinements of its measurement and the potential for automation to be the crucial next step. The Mod-MPI is a ratio of isovolumetric to ejection time cardiac time intervals, and the potential for the left ventricular Mod-MPI as a tool to clinically assess fetal cardiac function is well-established. However, there are wide variations in published reference ranges, as (1) a standardised method of selecting cardiac time intervals used in Mod-MPI calculation has not been established; (2) cardiac time interval measurement currently requires manual, inherently subjective placement of callipers on Doppler ultrasound waveforms; and (3) ultrasound machine settings and ultrasound system type have been found to affect Mod-MPI measurement. Collectively these factors create potential for significant inter- and intraobserver measurement variability. Automated measurement of the Mod-MPI may be the next key development which propels the Mod-MPI into routine clinical use. A novel automated system of Mod-MPI measurement is briefly presented and its implications for the future of the Mod-MPI in fetal cardiology are discussed.
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Goudzwaard, Jeannette A., Sadhna Chotkan, Marjo J. A. G. De Ronde-Tillmans, Mattie J. Lenzen, Maarten P. H. van Wiechen, Joris F. W. Ooms, Harmke A. Polinder-Bos, et al. "Multidimensional Prognostic Index and Outcomes in Older Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Survival of the Fittest." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 16 (August 11, 2021): 3529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163529.

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Selecting patients with a high chance of endured benefit from transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is becoming relevant with changing indications and increasing number of TAVI being performed. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of the multidimensional prognostic index (MPI) based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) on survival. The TAVI Care & Cure program is a prospective, observational registry of patients referred for TAVI at the Erasmus MC University Medical Center. Consecutive patients who underwent a complete CGA and TAVI were included. CGA components were used to calculate the MPI score. The impact of the MPI score on survival was evaluated using Cox regression. Furthermore, 376 patients were included, 143 (38.0%) patients belonged to the MPI-1 group and 233 (61.9%) patients to the MPI-2–3 group. After 3 years, 14.9% of the patients in the MPI-1 group and 30.5% of the patients in the MPI-2–3 group died (p = 0.001). Patients in MPI-1 had increased chances of overall survival in comparison with patients in MPI group 2–3 Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.57, (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.33–0.98)). In this study we found that the MPI tool could be useful to assess frailty and to predict which patient will have a higher chance of enduring benefit from a TAVI procedure.
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41

Suzuka, Hisaaki, Atsushi Mimura, Yoshimi Inaoka, and Kenya Murase. "Magnetic Nanoparticles in Macrophages and Cancer Cells Exhibit Different Signal Behavior on Magnetic Particle Imaging." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 19, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 6857–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16619.

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Cell labeling with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is a promising method of cell tracking. In particular, a novel quantitative tomography method called magnetic particle imaging (MPI) has the potential to estimate the number of successfully transplanted MNP-labeled cells, thereby helping predict clinical outcomes. However, the biological factors that shape the MPI signals of MNPs during cell labeling are not well understood. To better understand these factors, the MPI signals of MNPs in various extracellular and intracellular conditions were assessed. Firstly, carboxydextran-coated MNPs (Resovist®) in the presence or absence of the transfection agents heparin and/or protamine were subjected to dynamic light scattering analysis and magnetic particle spectroscopy. Secondly, RAW264 macrophages and Colon26 carcinoma cells were labeled with Resovist® by using their intrinsic phagocytic activity or with the assistance of the transfection agents, respectively, after which the cells were visualized by our MPI scanner and transmission electron microscopy, and their absolute amounts of intracellular iron were measured by thiocyanate colorimetry. The MPI pixel values were normalized to intracellular iron concentrations. Finally, the effect of cell lysis on the MPI signal was assessed with magnetic particle spectroscopy. The presence of protamine, but not heparin, increased the hydrodynamic diameter of the MNPs and inhibited their MPI signals. Cell uptake drastically decreased the normalized MPI pixel values. This was particularly marked in the colon cancer cells. The transfection agents did not further alter the MPI signal of the MNP-labeled colon cancer cells. Transmission electron microscopy showed that there was much more MNP aggregation in colon cancer cells than in macrophages. After the MNP-labeled cells were lysed, the MPI signal recovered partially. In conclusion, MPI pixel values can be influenced by the cell-labeling process and cellular uptake. The MPI signals from intracellular magnetic nanoparticles may also differ depending on the cell type.
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42

Santos, Eliana de Sousa Alvim, Rosa Yuka Sato Chubaci, Beatriz Aparecida Ozello Gutierrez, and Caroline Ribeiro Borja-Oliveira. "Prescrições inapropriadas para idosos entre usuários da atenção primária da zona leste do município de São Paulo." Revista Kairós-Gerontologia 24, no. 2 (February 8, 2022): 231–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2176-901x.2021v24i2p231-247.

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Neste estudo de prevalência de prescrição de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados para idosos (MPI) em unidades municipais de atenção primária da zona leste de São Paulo, com base no Consenso Brasileiro de MPI, 55,2% dos 562 participantes possuíam prescrição de MPI, dos quais 94% constavam na Relação Municipal de Medicamentos Essenciais de São Paulo (REMUME-SP), apontando para a necessidade de inclusão nos protocolos clínicos da Relação Nacional (RENAME) as restrições para uso de MPI, constantes no Consenso Brasileiro de MPI.
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43

Wang, Lixin, Yunmei Song, Ankit Parikh, Paul Joyce, Rosa Chung, Liang Liu, Franklin Afinjuomo, et al. "Doxorubicin-Loaded Delta Inulin Conjugates for Controlled and Targeted Drug Delivery: Development, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 11 (November 6, 2019): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11110581.

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Delta inulin, also known as microparticulate inulin (MPI), was modified by covalently attaching doxorubicin to its nanostructured surface for use as a targeted drug delivery vehicle. MPI is readily endocytosed by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells and in this study, we sought to utilize this property to develop a system to target anti-cancer drugs to lymphoid organs. We investigated, therefore, whether MPI could be used as a vehicle to deliver doxorubicin selectively, thereby reducing the toxicity of this antibiotic anthracycline drug. Doxorubicin was covalently attached to the surface of MPI using an acid–labile linkage to enable pH-controlled release. The MPI-doxorubicin conjugate was characterized using FTIR and SEM, confirming covalent attachment and indicating doxorubicin coupling had no obvious impact on the physical nanostructure, integrity, and cellular uptake of the MPI particles. To simulate the stability of the MPI-doxorubicin in vivo, it was stored in artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF, pH 4.5). Although the MPI-doxorubicin particles were still visible after 165 days in ALF, 53% of glycosidic bonds in the inulin particles were hydrolyzed within 12 days in ALF, reflected by the release of free glucose into solution. By contrast, the fructosidic bonds were much more stable. Drug release studies of the MPI-doxorubicin in vitro, demonstrated a successful pH-dependent controlled release effect. Confocal laser scanning microscopy studies and flow cytometric analysis confirmed that when incubated with live cells, MPI-doxorubicin was efficiently internalized by immune cells. An assay of cell metabolic activity demonstrated that the MPI carrier alone had no toxic effects on RAW 264.7 murine monocyte/macrophage-like cells, but exhibited anti-cancer effects against HCT116 human colon cancer cells. MPI-doxorubicin had a greater anti-cancer cell effect than free doxorubicin, particularly when at lower concentrations, suggesting a drug-sparing effect. This study establishes that MPI can be successfully modified with doxorubicin for chemotherapeutic drug delivery.
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44

Huang, Miaoqing, Chenggang Lai, Xuan Shi, Zhijun Hao, and Haihang You. "Study of parallel programming models on computer clusters with Intel MIC coprocessors." International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications 31, no. 4 (April 13, 2015): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094342015580864.

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Coprocessors based on the Intel Many Integrated Core (MIC) Architecture have been adopted in many high-performance computer clusters. Typical parallel programming models, such as MPI and OpenMP, are supported on MIC processors to achieve the parallelism. In this work, we conduct a detailed study on the performance and scalability of the MIC processors under different programming models using the Beacon computer cluster. Our findings are as follows. (1) The native MPI programming model on the MIC processors is typically better than the offload programming model, which offloads the workload to MIC cores using OpenMP. (2) On top of the native MPI programming model, multithreading inside each MPI process can further improve the performance for parallel applications on computer clusters with MIC coprocessors. (3) Given a fixed number of MPI processes, it is a good strategy to schedule these MPI processes to as few MIC processors as possible to reduce the cross-processor communication overhead. (4) The hybrid MPI programming model, in which data processing is distributed to both MIC cores and CPU cores, can outperform the native MPI programming model.
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45

Milyukova, Olga Yurievna. "MPI+OpenMP implementation of the conjugate gradient method with a factorized preconditioner based on the use of grid node reordering." Keldysh Institute Preprints, no. 18 (2023): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/prepr-2023-18.

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The paper proposes ways to use MPI and MPI+OpenMP technologies for constructing and inverting a factorized preconditioner of the type incomplete triangular decomposition for solving systems of linear algebraic equations with an arbitrary symmetric positive definite matrix. Methods of using MPI and MPI+OpenMP technologies are based on the use of grid node orderings consistent with the division of the calculation area. The use of OpenMP technology in the construction and inversion of the preconditioner is carried out for most rows of the matrix. Comparative timing results for the MPI+OpenMP and MPI implementations of the proposed preconditioning used with the conjugate gradient method for a model problems and the sparse matrix collections SuiteSparse are presented.
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46

Aboul-Enein, Fatma, Majed O. Aljuaid, Hail T. Alharthi, Abdulkarim M. Almudhhi, and Mohammad A. Alzahrani. "The Concordance between Myocardial Perfusion Imaging and Coronary Angiography in Detecting Coronary Artery Disease: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Cardiac Center at King Abdullah Medical City." Cardiology Research and Practice 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9847575.

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Background. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is considered as the leading cause of the cardiovascular fatalities worldwide. CAD is diagnosed by many modalities of imaging such as myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and coronary angiography (CAG).Methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted that included all patients referred to the KAMC (King Abdullah Medical City) nuclear cardiology lab from its opening until the end of May 2014 (a period of 17 months). A total of 228 patient reports with a history of conducting either CAG or MPI or both were used in this study and statistically analyzed.Results. An analysis of the MPI results revealed that 78.5% of the samples were abnormal. On the other hand, 26.75% of the samples revealed that they were subjected to CAG and MPI. There was a significant and fair agreement between MPI and CAG by using all the agreement coefficients (kappa = 0.237, phi = 0.310, andPvalue = 0.043). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MPI with reference to CAG were 97.8%, 20%, and 78.69%, respectively. In addition, positive predictive and negative predictive values were 78.95% and 75%, respectively.Conclusion. In a tertiary referral center, there was a significant agreement between MPI and CAG and a high accuracy of MPI. MPI was a noninvasive diagnostic test that could be used as a gatekeeper for CAG.
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47

Ishihara, Masaru, Masahisa Onoguchi, and Takayuki Shibutani. "An Exploratory Study of Washout Rate Analysis for Thallium-201 Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Using Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors." Molecular Imaging 17 (January 1, 2018): 153601211878232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536012118782322.

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The aim of this study was to assess the washout rate (WOR) for thallium-201-chloride single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) using cadmium zinc telluride detectors for SPECT (CZT SPECT) versus conventional Anger-type SPECT (conventional SPECT). A total of 52 Japanese patients were examined using CZT SPECT and conventional SPECT, and the global WORs were compared. Additionally, the MPI WORs were compared for patients with a normal MPI versus those in whom MPI reflected the patients’ multivessel disease (MVD) MPI. Washout rates were similar when approximated by CZT SPECT versus conventional SPECT 12.59 ± 2.26%/h vs 12.57 ± 2.27%/h ( P = .997), respectively. The WOR values for CZT SPECT versus conventional SPECT were 13.42%/h (1.53%/h) vs 13.93%/h (1.24%/h) ( P = .337), respectively, for 7 normal MPI patients, and 10.64 ± 2.20%/h vs 10.84 ± 2.26%/h ( P = .848), respectively, for 7 MVD-MPI patients. The WOR values for normal MPI versus MVD-MPI patients for CZT SPECT were 13.42 ± 1.53%/h vs 10.64 ± 2.20%/h ( P = .025), respectively. Thallium-201-chloride WOR values obtained with high-efficiency CZT SPECT, which enabled significantly reduced imaging times and use of a low-dose protocol, were similar to those obtained with conventional SPECT.
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48

Pattanaik, S. K., A. John, and V. A. Kumar. "Comparison of mannheim peritonitis index and revised multiple organ failure score in predicting mortality and morbidity of patients with secondary peritonitis." International Surgery Journal 4, no. 10 (September 27, 2017): 3499. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20174524.

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Background: Secondary peritonitis carries high mortality and morbidity. Many scoring systems have been designed to assess its severity. This study was undertaken to compare the Mannheim peritonitis index (MPI) and revised multiple organ failure score (Revised MOFS) in predicting the mortality and morbidity.Methods: A prospective observational study was undertaken in adults operated for gastrointestinal perforation. Clinical and biochemical parameters as required for MPI and Revised MOFS were recorded. Each of the scores were divided under four categories; MPI <14, 14-21, 22-29 and >29; Revised MOFS 0, 1, 2 and >2. Data was compared for predicting mortality and morbidity. P-value, ROC curve and 95% CI were used as statistical tools.Results: Two thirds of 120 patients studied presented after 48 hours. MPI score of <14, 14-21, 21-29 and >29 had mortality of 0%, 2.2%, 27.2% and 50% respectively. ROC curve showed highest sensitivity and specificity of 79% and 70% respectively at MPI of 25. Significant value for mortality was obtained with MPI >25 (p= 0.000012) and with Revised MOFS >1 (p< 0.001); for morbidity with MPI >21 (p= 0.010) and with Revised MOFS >1 (p< 0.001). 20% patients with Revised MOFS zero were also morbid.Conclusions: Both MPI and Revised MOFS systems are good in predicting the mortality, but MPI is easy scoring system and a better option for predicting morbidity. MPI score >25 for mortality and >21 for morbidity are significant.
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49

Stevic, Milos, and Marina Vlajkovic. "Increased accuracy of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion scintigraphy using iterative reconstruction of images." Vojnosanitetski pregled 73, no. 5 (2016): 469–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp141104035s.

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Background/Aim. Filtered back projection (FBP) is a common way of processing myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) studies. There are artifacts in FBP which can cause falsepositive results. Iterative reconstruction (IR) is developed to reduce false positive findings in MPI studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in the number of false positive findings in MPI studies, between FBP and IR processing. Methods. We examined 107 patients with angina pectoris with MPI and coronary angiography (CAG), 77 man and 30 woman, aged 32?82. MPI studies were processed with FBP and with IR. Positive finding at MPI was visualization of the perfusion defect. Positive finding at CAG was stenosis of coronary artery. Perfusion defect at MPI without coronary artery stenosis at CAG was considered like false positive. The results were statistically analyzed with bivariate correlation, and with one sample t-test. Results. There were 20.6% normal, and 79.4% pathologic findings at FBP, 30.8% normal and 69.2% pathologic with IR and 37.4% normal and 62.6% pathologic at CAG. FBP produced 19 false-positive findings, at IR 11 false positive findings. The correlation between FBP and CAG was 0.658 (p < 0.01) and between IR and CAG 0.784 (p < 0.01). The number of false positive findings at MPI with IR was significantly lower than at FBP (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Our study shows that IR processing MPI scintigraphy has less number of false positive findings, therefore it is our choice for processing MPI studies.
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50

Koehli, M., D. Monbaron, J. O. Prior, M. L. Calcagni, M. Fivaz-Arbane, J. C. Stauffer, R. C. Gaillard, A. Bischof Delaloye, and J. Ruiz. "SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging." Nuklearmedizin 45, no. 02 (2006): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1623937.

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Summary Aim: To determine the long-term prognostic value of SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) for the occurrence of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients. Patients, methods: SPECT MPI of 210 consecutive Caucasian diabetic patients were analysed using Kaplan-Meier event-free survival curves and independent predictors were determined by Cox multivariate analyses. Results: Follow-up was complete in 200 (95%) patients with a median period of 3.0 years (0.8-5.0). The population was composed of 114 (57%) men, age 65 ±10 years, 181 (90.5%) type 2 diabetes mellitus, 50 (25%) with a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) and 98 (49%) presenting chest pain prior to MPI. The prevalence of abnormal MPI was 58%. Patients with a normal MPI had neither cardiac death, nor myocardial infarction, independently of a history of coronary artery disease or chest pain. Among the independent predictors of cardiac death and myocardial infarction, the strongest was abnormal MPI (p <0.0001), followed by history of CAD (Hazard Ratio (HR)=15.9; p=0.0001), diabetic retinopathy (HR=10.0; p=0.001) and inability to exercise (HR=7.7; p=0.02). Patients with normal MPI had a low revascularisation rate of 2.4% during the followup period. Compared to normal MPI, cardiovascular events increased 5.2 fold for reversible defects, 8.5 fold for fixed defects and 20.1 fold for the association of both defects. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with normal MPI had an excellent prognosis independently of history of CAD. On the opposite, an abnormal MPI led to a >5-fold increase in cardiovascular events. This emphasizes the value of SPECT MPI in predicting and risk-stratifying cardiovascular events in diabetic patients.
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