Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Moyen IR'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 15 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Moyen IR.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Ayoub, Anas. "Sources laser ultrarapides performantes dans le moyen IR et le Tz." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR044.
Full textThe atome probe tomography is an instrument for analyzing matter in three dimensions with atomic resolution. This instrument relies on the effect of an electric field generated at the end of a sample cut into the shape of a nanoscale needle to evaporate the surface atoms which are collected by a two-dimensional detector. The measurement of the time of flight of the ions whose evaporation is triggered by an electrical or optical pulse makes it possible to measure the chemical composition in addition to the 3D localization of the atoms. In current atome probes, atomic evaporation is triggered by a high-speed laser emitting in the UV. However, the interaction of UV light with matter induces thermal heating which limits the mass resolution of the instrument and prevents its use for the analysis of fragile materials such as biocompatible components. This thesis work aims to study solutions to promote rapid evaporation while inhibiting unwanted thermal effects of the laser in atome probe. Our approach consists in exploiting ultrashort pulses in the mid-infrared or THz domain due to their high ponderomotive energy associated with low photon energy. This manuscript reports on the development of a bench for the generation and characterization of intense THz pulses. Coupling these radiations with a negatively polarized metallic nanotip has made it possible to characterize the near field induced at the surface of the nanotip, which is strongly modified by the antenna effect. The second part reports on the development of an ultra-fast laser source tunable in the mid-infrared around 3 mm using fluoride glass fibers
Van, de walle Aymeric. "Source paramétrique dans l'infrarouge moyen à haute cadence." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLO009/document.
Full textThis thesis describes the design and construction of an ultrafast high repetition rate laser source in the mid-IR, for applications in strong-field physics and multidimensional molecular spectroscopy. This source is based on optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification, allowing the generation of few-cycle pulses.We first present some applications of these lasers, along with important parameters, to define specifications for the considered source. We then briefly outline the state of the art of similar ultrafast sources described in the literature, to highlight the variety of architectures and performances. In particular, several key points are identified, namely the nature and performances of the pump laser source, the method to generate a seeding signal, and the robustness of temporal synchronization between pump and signal pulses.We proceed to study the possibility of emitting a seed signal around 1.55 µm wavelength by supercontinuum generation in a bulk YAG crystal from femtosecond pump pulses at 1.03 µm. A detailed analysis of the properties of the infrared spectral content of the supercontinuum is carried out, focusing on spectral bandwidth, coherence, shot-to-shot and long term stability, and spatial properties. This work allows us to conclude that supercontinuum generation is a valid approach to generate the seed signal.This leads us to define a novel architecture built around an ytterbium-doped fiber femtosecond pump source delivering 300 fs 400 µJ pulses at a repetition rate 125 kHz. The short pump pulse duration compared to bulk Yb:YAG or Nd:YVO4 based systems results in a number of important advantages. First, it allows efficient seeding at 1550 nm using supercontinuum generation directly from the pump pulses in a bulk YAG crystal, resulting in extremely robust passive pump – signal synchronization. The short pump pulse duration also allows the use of millimeter to centimeter lengths of bulk materials to provide stretching and compression for the signal and idler, which minimizes the accumulation of higher-order spectral phase. Finally, the shorter pump pulse duration increases the damage peak intensity, permitting the use of shorter nonlinear crystals to perform the amplification, which increases the spectral bandwidth of the parametric process. Additional experiments are performed to sort out the phenomena that limit power scaling in MgO:PPLN crystals. The OPCPA stages are all operated in collinear geometry, allowing the use of both signal and idler without the introduction of angular chirp on the latter. These points result in the dual generation of 70 fs 23 µJ signal pulses at 1550 nm and 60 fs 10 µJ idler pulses at 3070 nm from a simple setup
Remis, Janez Andres. "Integration of mid-infrared lasers on silicon photonic integrated circuits." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMONS041.
Full textSilicon (Si) photonics has emerged as one of the most promising technologies for the realization of ultra-dense photonic chips thanks to the mature Si industry, the large wafer size and the optical properties of Si and related materials. One of the major remaining challenges is the integration of high-performance light sources on Si. In particular, III-V semiconductor lasers are very efficient and their monolithic integration on Si, i.e. direct integration via epitaxy, is considered the most promising route to low-cost and large-scale fabrication of Si photonic chips. Among the various applications of Si photonics, optical sensing in the mid-IR is in high demand for societal, environmental or medical applications, among others. GaSb-based lasers have emerged as a technology capable of covering the mid-IR wavelength range. Therefore, the objective of my thesis is to integrate GaSb-based diode lasers on Si photonic integrated circuits (PICs). To this aim, I first investigated the degradation of laser performance caused by threading dislocations arising from the III-V-on-Si epitaxial growth. I then demonstrated the fabrication of these lasers on a Si PIC with similar performance to that of discrete lasers on Si. In addition, light coupling between the lasers and SiN-based waveguides was demonstrated. Finally, I investigated alternative approaches to increase the coupling efficiency. I developed the fabrication process of a new promising approach which paves the way for further investigations aimed at achieving high coupling efficiencies. Altogether, these results represent a significant step towards the monolithic integration of lasers on Si PICs for cost-effective and compact mid-IR sensors
Roux, Charles. "Emetteurs à cavité verticale pour l'infrarouge moyen." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10211.
Full textDésévédavy, Frédéric. "Fibres optiques micro-structurées à base de verres de chalcogénures pour applications dans le domaine des télécommunications et le moyen IR." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S063.
Full textThe work reported in this thesis deals with the experimental investigation of chalcogénide glasses microstructured fibres also known as photonic crystal fibre (PCF). Chalcogenide glasses are original materials with a large transparency window in the mid-infrared, high linear and non linear refractive indices. PCF are a new class of optical fibres which show novel optical properties and lead to great interest in the scientific community. First of all an efficient way of purification of these glasses is developed, as a result single index fibres with low attenuation are obtained (<1 dB/m). Then, the chalcogenide glasses FCP fabrication process we developed during this work is demonstrated to work and to be repeatable. Near and mid infrared optical characterizations are made on these fibres and compared to numerical simulations. Non linear effects as Raman scattering or self phase modulation are demonstrated at 1. 55 µm. Their strength shows the advantages of the chalcogenide glasses and PCF combination. Finally the first hollow core chalcogenide glasses PCF are fabricated and a pretty good control of their geometry is obtained
Devaux, Marie-Françoise. "Interpretation de spectres de reflexion dans l'infrarouge proche et moyen de produits agroalimentaires par des methodes d'analyse multidimensionnelle." Nantes, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NANT2022.
Full textRenard, Christophe. "Réalisation et caractérisation de composants à base de silicium pour la détection dans l’infrarouge moyen et lointain." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0106.
Full textVirey, Eric. "Étude de nouvelles matrices susceptibles d'émettre dans l'infrarouge moyen entre 3 et 5 µm : synthèse et caractérisation de CsCdBr3." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0157.
Full textSimeni, Simeni Marien. "Quantum cascade laser absorption studies of nitric oxide production by nanosecond pulsed discharges in air and in combustible mixtures." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECAP0033/document.
Full textAtmospheric pressure plasmas have numerous potential applications. These applications include for instance biomedicine, material processing, environmental biodecontamination and plasma-assisted combustion. The versatility of plasma discharges results from their ability to produce high quantities of active species without increasing the temperature of the gas appreciably. Nanosecond Repetitively Pulsed discharges (NRP) have received great attention owing to their capacity to generate high electron densities, which lead to the creation of a high density of active species such as atomic oxygen. Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) showed that excited nitric oxide (NO) was released by NRP discharges in air or in air/fuel mixtures.Although NRP discharges have already been the object of several investigations, the kinetic mechanisms of NO production by NRP discharges at atmospheric pressure remain somewhat unclear. This is one of the motivations for the investigations conducted in this thesis. In addition, NRP discharges were found to produce large amounts of atomic oxygen, which is of great interest for applications such as plasma-assisted combustion. It was shown in particular that thanks to this high production of active species, NRP discharges can effectively stabilize lean flames at atmospheric pressure. However, the production of NO in NRP discharges and in plasma-stabilized flames remains to be investigated. This is the second purpose of this thesis.Absolute and in-situ NO density measurements in atmospheric pressure plasma or/and flame environments are very challenging. Fluorescence-based techniques such as Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) require complex calibration methods. These techniques also require the knowledge of the quenching rates of the excited states (particularly at atmospheric pressure), which strongly depend on the temperature, density and nature of the species and can be very different for plasma or/and flame environments. Other techniques, such as chemiluminescence probe sampling also have quenching and calibration issues, and ex-situ UV and IR absorption-based gas analyzers can lead to errors, in particular for radicals.In this study, we developed Quantum Cascade Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (QCLAS) for in-situ nitric oxide absolute density measurements in open-air and in combustion environments. This technique overcomes the difficulties of the previous ones by using high-resolution (10-3 cm-1) rotational-vibrational absorption spectroscopy. This technique presents the advantages of high spectral selectivity, no calibration requirement, and high sensitivity. Two experimental setups were developed to measure NO densities and temperature, (1) within a NRP discharge in air, with 300-µm spatial resolution, and (2) downstream of NRP discharges in air and in plasma-assisted methane/air flames, using multi pass cell. [...]
Anantharajah, Anusanth. "Spectroscopie infrarouge lointain et moyen à haute résolution par transformée de Fourier de molécules complexes d’intérêt atmosphérique : ClNO₂, Cl₂CO et ClONO₂." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2020. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/ANANTHARAJAH_Anusanth_va2.pdf.
Full textMeasuring concentrations of trace species that may have a significant impact on health, climate or the stability of the ozone layer, is a serious challenge. Future space missions, planned at high sensitivity, will bring progress if and only if the necessary spectral parameters are available. For some species of atmospheric interest such as nitryl chloride (ClNO₂), phosgene (Cl₂CO) and chlorine nitrate (ClONO₂), spectroscopic data are incomplete or almost non-existent. The challenge in this thesis is to get spectroscopic parameters (line positions and intensities or absorption cross sections) for these species in support of atmospheric applications. However, apart from Cl₂CO, spectroscopy of ClNO₂ and ClONO₂ is made difficult by their very complicated chemical synthesis, their reactivity with metals and organic materials, and their instability in the presence of light and heat. Moreover, these molecules are quite heavy (presence of chlorine with its two isotopomers) and exhibit dense spectra that are quite complicated by numerous perturbations affecting vibration-rotation levels.In the case of ClNO₂, spectra were recorded in the range 300 – 900 cm-1 with much improved experimental conditions (high resolution, low temperature, long path, low pressure) using the synchrotron radiation of the AILES beamline at SOLEIL. Precise modelling of the 370 and 790 cm-1 regions has been performed. These regions could be used for a future atmospheric remote sensing by FTIR spectroscopy respectively by FORUM and IASI-NG instruments. The low energy vibrations of ClONO₂ that have been never observed at high resolution before this work were also measured. A first modelling of the torsional region around 120 cm-1 is presented in this thesis. The analysis of these vibrations will be useful for the modelling of hot bands in the atmospheric windows where ClONO₂ is currently detected, and in fine will lead to a much more precise retrieval of the ClONO₂ concentration profile. Regarding Cl₂CO, cross sections have been measured at LISA, on one hand, at room temperature to compare data with previous works and, on the other, in stratospheric conditions to support satellite remote sensing applications
Chahal, Radwan. "Capteurs optiques en fibres de verre de chalcogénure dopées terres rares appliqués à la surveillance du stockage géologique de CO2." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S066/document.
Full textThe increase of CO2 emissions causes global warming harmful to ecological balances in earth. In this context, CO2 storage in geological formations is an interesting way to limit the consequences of these emissions. However, this solution requires continuous monitoring to detect possible leaks at storage area. The presented work involves the development of an optical fiber sensor based on chalcogenide glasses for the CO2 gas detection operating in the infrared. This detection is based on a luminescent phenomenon, acts as a remote source and partly absorbed in the presence of CO2. The development of these fiber optic asked important work in materials science and spectroscopic characterization. A prototype was manufactured and successfully used in the field during measurement campaigns in situ
Shen, Fengjiao. "Development of a laser heterodyne radiometer for atmospheric remote sensing." Thesis, Littoral, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019DUNK0542.
Full textThe measurement of vertical concentration profiles of atmospheric trace gases provides a better insight into air pollution, ozone destruction and climate change as well as a way to validate chemical models and satellite observations. To that end, laser heterodyne radiometer (LHR) offers significant benefits in terms of high spectral resolution, high sensitivity and high vertical resolution in conjunction with a compact instrumental size deployable for field applications. The aim of this thesis is to develop a fully transportable mid-infrared (mid-IR) LHR instrument for ground-based remote sensing of key trace gases in the atmospheric column. In order to test our design and characterize its performance, a proof of concept (PoC) mid-IR LHR receiver was first developed. Its field test was carried out on the QualAir platform of the University Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) with the help of a heliostat of the TCCON-Paris station (TCCON : Total Carbon Column Observing Network). LHR absorption spectrum of CH₄ in the atmospheric column was extracted from the solar radiation using the developed ground-based LHR receiver and it is good agreement with the spectrum measured by the TCCON-Paris station. After this field test validation, a fully transportable mid-IR LHR instrument was developed and deployed on the roof of the IRENE platform of the University of Littoral-Côte d'Opale (ULCO) in Dunkirk. LHR spectrum of CH₄ and N₂O in the atmospheric column was measured and in good agreement with the TCCON FT-IR spectrum of CH₄ and N₂O, as well as in good agreement with the atmospheric transmission modelling. The fully transportable mid-IR LHR instrument developed in this PhD work has high potential use in measurement of vertical concentration profiles of key atmospheric species on spacecraft, on airbone or on ground-based platform
El, Bakali Abdelmagid. "Contribution à l’étude des échanges thermiques aux interfaces pour les procédés de formage à chaud : développement de moyens de mesure de l’émissivité et de la résistance thermique de contact (RTC) à haute température A fast and versatile method for spectral emissivity measurement at high temperatures." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EMAC0004.
Full textThe present work deals with the high temperature heat transfers involved in sheet/die contact within hot forming processes. The investigated heat ranges lie between 600°C and 1000°C while the study materials are namely TA6V and Inconel 625 (for the sheet) and AISI 310 stainless steel and refractory concrete (for the die). Under such industrial configuration, the heat transfers can be split in two steps: i) a gap closing phase during which the radiative property of the contact pair prevail and ii) a solid contact phase during which the conductive properties are involved and more precisely the thermal contact resistance (TCR). This twostep approach allows a separate investigation of both phenomena which are herein studied by the mean of two dedicated experimental means: a) The gap closing phase is studied through an emissivity measurement setup dedicated to high temperature. The chosen setup is inspired from elliptical oven setups. Its features include a heating rate over 11°C/s and a maximal in-service temperature of 1250°C. The related measurement instruments selection and design are also part of the presented work. The metrological aspects along with the uncertainty quantification are performed through the use of a reference material: pure platinum. This latter has proven worthy by its ability to sustain very high temperature while remaining free from oxidation. In addition, platinum’s optical properties are well documented throughout the scientific literature which provides solid comparisons with other published results. Finally, the construction of an emissivity database is presented for the two sheet materials of the study: TA6V and INCONEL 625. b) The solid contact phase is studied through a second tailor made experimental setup dedicated to TCR measurements. The proposed features include the ability to study metal contact pair (AISI 310 vs. TA6V/INCONEL 625) or ceramic vs. metal contact (Concrete vs. TA6V/INCONEL 625) for temperature as high as 800°C. The whole setup can be inserted within a classical tensile device in order to load the contact interfaces at stress levels similar to those involved in metal forming processes (here up to 4MPa). In practice, a circular sample cut from the studied sheet metals is clasped in between two cylindrical bars made of AISI 310 or concrete. The upper bar is then heated up by the mean of a resistive oven in order to generate a directional heat flux throughout the material interfaces. A suited measurement instrumentation then allows the assessment of the TRC for each contact pair for temperature ranging from 450°C to 800°C and pressure ranging from 0.1MPa to 4MPa. The results obtained from these two setups have built up a material database that was then use to simulate industrial hot forming operations. The process parameters retrieved from these simulation were used as input in an actual forming process and has led to the successful manufacturing of four parts all of which satisfying the quality requirements in term of geometry and microstructure
Pacaud, Olivier. "Oscillateurs paramétriques optiques basés sur des cristaux de géométrie cylindrique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10076.
Full textDohy, Didier. "Contribution à l'étude de la structure statique et dynamique des aluminés béta et de composés apparentés." Paris 13, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA132025.
Full text