Journal articles on the topic 'Movement infrastructure'
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1
Kim, Claudia Junghyun. "SCOPE MISMATCH: EXPLAINING THE EXPANSION OF ANTI-MILITARY INFRASTRUCTURE-SITING CAMPAIGNS*." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/1086-671x-26-1-109.
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While scholars agree that frame bridging contributes to movement expansion, this article identifies the underinvestigated concept of frame-movement scope mismatch—the phenomenon where the scope of movement frames and the scope of the movements that employ such frames do not match, such as a movement that adopts internationalist rhetoric yet remains local. This study investigates this mismatch based on cases of anti-U.S. military siting campaigns where similar frame bridging strategies resulted in movements of different scales. Findings show that movement scope expansion depended on the politicization of siting disputes that provided siting opponents with political opportunities for coalition building and qualified the causal influence of frame bridging. Varying external political circumstances, in other words, interacted with the invariant feature of frame bridging to determine frame resonance and coalitional mobilization.
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Bertol, Daniela. "Designing and Making a Movement Infrastructure." Procedia Technology 20 (2015): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2015.07.013.
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Donovan, Joan. "Toward a Militant Ethnography of Infrastructure: Cybercartographies of Order, Scale, and Scope across the Occupy Movement." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 48, no. 4 (August 29, 2018): 482–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891241618792311.
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Taking networked social movements as a fieldsite, I chart how the Occupy Movement transformed as activists turned to building infrastructure as a mode of political participation. Critically, infrastructure is not simply a feature of networked social movements, but forms its core capacities. Integrating insights from militant ethnography with STS research on infrastructure studies, I illustrate how to use these methods to render visible the infrastructure of networked social movements. Because militant research projects and STS scholarship have a dual role of making knowledge about as well as knowledge for participants, examining the epistemological foundations of social movement research requires understanding the researcher’s purpose for participating and, then, operationalizing their knowledge. To illustrate this, I introduce cybercartography, a theory/methods package, for mapping organizational change in order, scale, and scope across networked social movements. As such, cybercartography bridges academic knowledge production with activists’ goals to organize action.
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Kruse, Corinna. "Attaining the Stable Movement of Knowledge Objects through the Swedish Criminal Justice System." Science & Technology Studies 34, no. 1 (September 15, 2020): 2–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.80295.
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This article thinks with infrastructure about the stable movement of knowledge objects such as crime scene reports, traces, and order forms through the Swedish criminal justice system. Infrastructures span different communities and borders; the criminal justice system is made up of necessarily disparate epistemic cultures. Thus, they share a central concern: Both aim for stable movement from one context to another. Thinking with infrastructure, the article argues, makes it possible to widen analytical focus and capture the structures and the continuous work that resolve the tension between different sites and thus enable the stable movement of knowledge objects. Using sensibilities from infrastructure studies– for the resolution of tensions, for continuous maintenance, and for inequalities – the article argues that the criminal justice system enacts the knowledge objects’ stability across epistemic cultures. In other words, the stable movement of evidence-to-be through the Swedish criminal justice system is the result of infrastructuring, that is, of its continuous creating of conditions that facilitate movement and create and re-create stability. This perspective may be useful for studying the movement of knowledge also in other contexts.
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Chismar, William G. "China's movement toward a national information infrastructure." ACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems 27, no. 3 (June 1996): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/264417.264432.
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Gope, Prosanta, and Tzonelih Hwang. "Untraceable Sensor Movement in Distributed IoT Infrastructure." IEEE Sensors Journal 15, no. 9 (September 2015): 5340–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2015.2441113.
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Kinder, Jordan B. "Solar Infrastructure as Media of Resistance, or, Indigenous Solarities against Settler Colonialism." South Atlantic Quarterly 120, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-8795718.
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The ongoing history of setter colonialism is inextricable from the infrastructures of energy and extraction that provide its material foundation. Addressing this inextricable relationship, this article explores how Indigenous solarities in Canada resist extractivism and generate conditions for just energy futures beyond settler colonialism through emergent solar infrastructures. Developing a preliminary theory of Indigenous solarities, this article anchors the author’s observations to Lubicon Cree energy justice activist Melina Laboucan-Massimo’s Sacred Earth Solar initiative and its two completed projects: the Piitapan Solar Project in Laboucan-Massimo’s home community of Little Buffalo, Alberta, Canada, which powers a community health center, and a partnership with the Tiny House Warriors. The Tiny House Warriors is a Secwepemcled movement to construct mobile tiny houses along the path of the Trans Mountain Expansion Pipeline Project. This article’s approach is methodologically informed by recent infrastructural thinking from theorists such as Lauren Berlant and Deborah Cowen who offer an expansive, relational understanding of infrastructure. It is also informed by thinkers such as Myles Lennon and Dagmar Lorenz-Meyer, who respectively see in solar energy infrastructures the possibilities to decolonize energy and to generate a feminist techno-ecological ethos. This article offers a brief account of the historical and contemporary relationship between settler colonialism and infrastructural development in Canada, before providing an overview of three mutually informing frameworks for preliminarily thinking through the materialization of Indigenous solarities: as media of resistance; as expressions of Indigenous feminism; and as expressions of Indigenous futurisms. The article concludes by scaling out from the context of Sacred Earth Solar’s emergent infrastructures of Indigenous solarities, connecting these efforts with larger movements of Indigenous resistance and renewable energy infrastructure initiatives. Ultimately, this article argues that Indigenous solarities signify myriad potentialities for reorienting our collective energy imaginaries from scarcity to abundance in ways that foreground Indigenous self-determination against and beyond extractivism.
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Lucas, Priscila da Silva, Milene Alves-Eigenheer, Talitha Mayumi Francisco, James M. Dietz, and Carlos Ramón Ruiz-Miranda. "Spatial Response to Linear Infrastructures by the Endangered Golden Lion Tamarin." Diversity 11, no. 7 (June 26, 2019): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11070100.
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Linear infrastructures are a primary driver of economic development. However, they also can negatively affect wildlife by mortality and the barrier effect. In this paper, we address how paved and unpaved roads, high-tension power lines, and gas/oil pipelines affect home range size, core areas, and movement in an endangered primate, the golden lion tamarin (GLT). Location data were recorded using radio telemetry on 16 groups in two protected areas and in privately owned forest fragments. The GLT’s home range, not core area, increased in size for the groups that occupied locations far from linear infrastructures; home range was also significantly influenced by available forest size. None of the home ranges contained a road, but home ranges did contain power lines. GLTs used the surrounding landscape near all types of infrastructure. Movement analysis showed that most of the step lengths (distances between subsequent locations) were less than 100 m between two consecutive locations, but step length was longer for roads and longer for groups in fully forested habitats. Tamarins avoided paved roads when in close proximity to this type of infrastructure; this behavior increased in areas without adequate adjacent forest habitat. Our results show that linear infrastructures differ in their level of impact: roads can act as a barrier, whereas other types of infrastructure have minimal effect on movement and home range. We discuss these differences in impact in terms of structure, maintenance schedules, and edge effects of infrastructure.
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Oswald, Kathleen Frazer. "A Brief History of Smart Transportation Infrastructure." Transfers 6, no. 3 (December 1, 2016): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2016.060310.
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Th is article argues that smart transportation—understood as convergences of communication and transportation infrastructure to facilitate movement—has long been manifested in what John Urry has described as nexus systems, or those that require many elements to work synchronously.1 Understanding smart infrastructures as those aligning with twenty-first-century sensibilities concerning technology, convenience, safety, and security, I demonstrate a longer trajectory for this seemingly new trend in three cases: (1) the synchronization of the train with the telegraph, (2) the organization of early automobility, and (3) information-rich/connected automobility and the driverless car. Rethinking smart infrastructure historically reveals a long-existing tendency rather than a new one to manage movement via communication technologies.
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Sivakumaran, K., X. Y. Lu, and M. Hanson. "Use of Passenger Rail Infrastructure for Goods Movement." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2162, no. 1 (January 2010): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2162-06.
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Donovan, Joan. "After the #Keyword: Eliciting, Sustaining, and Coordinating Participation Across the Occupy Movement." Social Media + Society 4, no. 1 (January 2018): 205630511775072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305117750720.
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Networked social movements (NSMs) are hybrid forms of social organization that rely on the platforms of the Internet to connect multiple individuals and groups to address a social justice issue. I mapped the communication infrastructure of the Occupy Movement from July 2011 to June 2013 to demonstrate how changes in protesters’ forms of communication reflected transformations in the organization of the movement and its capacity to mobilize participants. Through ethnography, I show how internal and external pressures—the high density of connections through social media, a desire to coordinate across locations, and police raids on encampments—led to the development of a virtual organization, called InterOccupy. InterOccupy is a communication platform owned and operated by participants in the Occupy Movement. InterOccupy took infrastructure building as a political strategy to ensure the movement endured beyond the police raids on the encampments. I conclude that NSMs create virtual organizations when there are routine and insurmountable failures in the communication milieu, where the future of the movement is at stake. My research follows the Occupy Movement ethnographically to understand what happens after the keyword.
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Shi, Xiaomeng, Zhirui Ye, Nirajan Shiwakoti, and Offer Grembek. "A State-of-the-Art Review on Empirical Data Collection for External Governed Pedestrians Complex Movement." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (September 2, 2018): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1063043.
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Complex movement patterns of pedestrian traffic, ranging from unidirectional to multidirectional flows, are frequently observed in major public infrastructure such as transport hubs. These multidirectional movements can result in increased number of conflicts, thereby influencing the mobility and safety of pedestrian facilities. Therefore, empirical data collection on pedestrians’ complex movement has been on the rise in the past two decades. Although there are several reviews of mathematical simulation models for pedestrian traffic in the existing literature, a detailed review examining the challenges and opportunities on empirical studies on the pedestrians complex movements is limited in the literature. The overall aim of this study is to present a systematic review on the empirical data collection for uni- and multidirectional crowd complex movements. We first categorized the complex movements of pedestrian crowd into two general categories, namely, external governed movements and internal driven movements based on the interactions with the infrastructure and among pedestrians, respectively. Further, considering the hierarchy of movement complexity, we decomposed the externally governed movements of pedestrian traffic into several unique movement patterns including straight line, turning, egress and ingress, opposing, weaving, merging, diverging, and random flows. Analysis of the literature showed that empirical data were highly rich in straight line and egress flow while medium rich in turning, merging, weaving, and opposing flows, but poor in ingress, diverging, and random flows. We put emphasis on the need for the future global collaborative efforts on data sharing for the complex crowd movements.
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Bolliger, Janine, and Janet Silbernagel. "Contribution of Connectivity Assessments to Green Infrastructure (GI)." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9040212.
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A major goal of green infrastructure (GI) is to provide functional networks of habitats and ecosystems to maintain biodiversity long-term, while at the same time optimizing landscape and ecosystem functions and services to meet human needs. Traditionally, connectivity studies are informed by movement ecology with species-specific attributes of the type and timing of movement (e.g., dispersal, foraging, mating) and movement distances, while spatial environmental data help delineate movement pathways across landscapes. To date, a range of methods and approaches are available that (a) are relevant across any organism and movement type independent of time and space scales, (b) are ready-to-use as standalone freeware or custom GIS implementation, and (c) produce appealing visual outputs that facilitate communication with land managers. However, to enhance the robustness of connectivity assessments and ensure that current trends in connectivity modeling contribute to GI with their full potential, common denominators on which to ground planning and design strategies are required. Likewise, comparable, repeatable connectivity assessments will be needed to put results of these scientific tools into practice for multi-functional GI plans and implementation. In this paper, we discuss use and limitations of state-of-the-art connectivity methods in contributing to GI implementation.
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Taylor-Alexander, Samuel, and Courtney Addison. "Building for Biology: A Gene Therapy Trial Infrastructure." Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 3 (June 29, 2017): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.17351/ests2017.104.
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In this article, we examine the construction of the infrastructure for a Phase II gene therapy trial for Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Tracing the development of the material technologies and physical spaces used in the trial, we show how the trial infrastructure took form at the uncertain intersection of scientific norms, built environments, regulatory negotiations, patienthood, and the biologies of both disease and therapy. We define infrastructures as material and immaterial (including symbols and affect) composites that serve a selective distributive purpose and facilitate projects of making and doing. There is a politics to this distributive action, which is itself twofold, because whilst infrastructures enable and delimit the movement of matter, they also mediate the very activity for which they provide the grounds. An infrastructural focus allows us to show how purposeful connections are made in a context of epistemic and regulatory uncertainty. The gene therapy researchers were working in a context of multiple uncertainties, regarding not only how to do gene therapy, but also how to anticipate and enact ambiguous regulatory requirements in a context of limited resources (technical, spatial, and financial). At the same time, the trial infrastructure had to accommodate Cystic Fibrosis biology by bridging the gap between pathology and therapy. The consortium’s approach to treating CF required that they address concerns about contamination and safety while finding a way of getting a modified gene product into the lungs of the trial participants.
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Mohyla, Ihor, and Artem Bezuhlyy. "STANDARDIZATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR PLANNING AND DESIGNING OF CYCLING INFRASTRUCTURE." Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny, no. 2 (258) ’ 2019 (June 27, 2019): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33868/0365-8392-2019-2-258-37-45.
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Cycle movement and cycle infrastructure as inherent part of modern city are growing intensively in Ukraine. There are adopted National Transport Strategy on the state level to promote and develop cycle movement. On local level for the same reason more than 15 Ukrainian cities have their own programs or strategies. But based on research results, there is considerable latent demand on cycle movement, which cannot be expressed because of lack of cycling infrastructure, its fragmentation or low design quality. In this article basic requirements and principles of planning and design of cycle infrastructure, particularly for cities with progressing cycle movement, are analyzed. There is also shown that requirements of valid state documents and updated building norms provide presence of cycling infrastructure, but these requirements are not enough for high level of its quality. All outlined is a reason for developing and implementation of new state standard DSTU xxxx:20xx “Planning and designing of cycling infrastructure”, project of which has been developed based on better practices of countries with well-grown cycle movement. It has requirements for planning of cycle network, designing of cycle infrastructure on urban streets and roads (included different street types, narrowed sites, public transport stops, yield, signalized and roundabout intersections), highways and rural roads, requirements for fencing poles, restraining bicycle fences, bicycle racks and parking and constructive requirement for pavement. Project of standard contains also more than 40 schemes to help designers and other stakeholders to work with this standard by visualization of its requirements. Usage of DSTU xxxx:20xx “Planning and designing of cycling infrastructure” during designing of urban streets, highways, rural roadsand spatial development in general will promote development of cycle movement, rising of road safety level, decreasing of traffic volume and negative influence of motorized transport (especially in cities) on environment. Keywords: cycling movement, cycling infrastructure, state building guidelines.
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Bohari, Zulfadly Azizi, Syahriah Bachok, and Mariana Mohamed Osman. "Simulating the Pedestrian Movement in the Public Transport Infrastructure." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 222 (June 2016): 791–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.167.
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SATO, Kazuo. "1100 Recent movement towards strengthening infrastructure of MEMS industry." Proceedings of the Conference on Information, Intelligence and Precision Equipment : IIP 2007 (2007): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeiip.2007.1.
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Toso, Tricia. ""Keeping the Road Clear between Us"." Stream: Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication 10, no. 1 (January 23, 2018): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21810/strm.v10i1.255.
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As scientists and science educators challenge the epistemological hegemony and cultural imperial-ism of Western modern science by insisting that definitions of science be expanded to include other scientific traditions including traditional ecological knowledge (Berkes 1988, 1993; Inglis, 1999; Warren 1997; Williams & Baines 1993; Snively & Corsigila 2000), we have not seen much of a coe-taneous movement in civil and natural resource engineering. The decolonization of Canadian cities must begin with the acknowledgement of the role engineering, architecture and urban planning has had in the perpetuation of colonialism. This paper works to identify directions for the decoloniza-tion of infrastructural systems through a reconsideration of pre-contact Indigenous architectural and infrastructural histories, a recognition of the ways in which infrastructure was often used as an instrument of colonial land claims, and the various ways in which Indigenous peoples, communities, and knowledges have contributed to the infrastructures that populate our contemporary geography. It is through an acknowledgment of infrastructure as actant in colonialism and the contributions Indigenous peoples and knowledges have had in the development and implementation of our infrastructural systems that we can begin to expand and deepen our understanding of the relationings between knowledge, infrastructure, ecosystems and Indigenous peoples. Finally, this paper considers the ways in which Indigenous design principles offer a great deal of potential in the creation of more environmentally and socially sustainable communities, and even regenerative design.
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Károly, Bianka, and Balázs Sághi. "Characterization of Airport Movement Sequence." Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 50, no. 1 (December 20, 2021): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pptr.14538.
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Runways as the most critical parts in the aviation infrastructure have a great impact on the whole aviation effectiveness. Our present research has attempted to provide a better understanding of the nature of the sequence between the runway movements. For that traffic data of a typical medium-capacity airport was analyzed.
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Dinets, Daria, and Albert Dzhavrshian. "International transport corridors and transborder movement of fictitious capital." MATEC Web of Conferences 239 (2018): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823903013.
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The paper is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of international transport corridors as a provider of ideas and instruments of liberalization aimed at assigning transport infrastructure to transnational corporations under the auspices of the development of integration processes and their transport service. To achieve the goal of the study, the authors analyzed a wide range of theoretical and empirical data illustrating the claims of Western and, most recently, Eastern multinational corporations on the sovereignty of Russian infrastructure industries. If international transport corridors include transit through Russia, then participation in them takes the form of export of transport services. At the same time, if investments in infrastructure development are foreign, then the type of income for such operations can be considered as a land rent, since the benefits depend only on the ownership of large or small land plots. The article shows the logical transition from this conclusion to the conclusion about the formation of fictitious capital of Russian infrastructure industries as a result of their inclusion in the activities of international transport corridors. The second hypothesis, which is need to be proved or disproved, is the negative role of UTLC (United Transport and Logistics Company) in achieving rational and fair management of container transportations within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Summarizing the two lines of the study, the authors concluded that there are risks for national capital and qualitative indicators of the development of infrastructure industries as a result of the active development of international transport corridors.
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Dunlap, Alexander. "Bureaucratic land grabbing for infrastructural colonization: renewable energy, L’Amassada, and resistance in southern France." Human Geography 13, no. 2 (April 16, 2020): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942778620918041.
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Governments and corporations exclaim that “energy transition” to “renewable energy” is going to mitigate ecological catastrophe. French President Emmanuel Macron makes such declarations, but what is the reality of energy infrastructure development? Examining the development of a distributional energy transformer substation in the village of Saint-Victor-et-Melvieu, this article argues that “green” infrastructures are creating conflict and ecological degradation and are the material expression of climate catastrophe. Since 1999, the Aveyron region of southern France has become a desirable area of the so-called renewable energy development, triggering a proliferation of energy infrastructure, including a new transformer substation in St. Victor. Corresponding with this spread of “green” infrastructure has been a 10-year resistance campaign against the transformer. In December 2014, the campaign extended to building a protest site, and ZAD, in the place of the transformer called L’Amassada. Drawing on critical agrarian studies, political ecology, and human geography literatures, the article discusses the arrival process of the transformer, corrupt political behavior, misinformation, and the process of bureaucratic land grabbing. This also documents repression against L’Amassada and their relationship with the Gilets Jaunes “societies in movement.” Finally, the notion of infrastructural colonization is elaborated, demonstrating its relevance to understanding the onslaught of climate and ecological crisis.
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Kremlev, I. A., and A. V. Tyryshkin. "Infrastructure Facilities for Unmanned Vehicles." World of Transport and Transportation 17, no. 2 (September 13, 2019): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2019-17-2-64-71.
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The article considers the technological aspects of creating infrastructure facilities for organization of movement of unmanned vehicles on the roads. The features of operation of cars with an autonomous control system inRussiaand other regions of the world are analyzed. Basing on the study, the authors offer a fundamentally new approach for solving a problem of recognizing objects along the route of unmanned vehicles.The study suggests installation of stationary points that are interconnected in a single network and exchange data with the cloud storage. The effectiveness of existing and alternative systems is evaluated.
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Shvetsova, S. V. "Aspects of Equipping Transport Facilities with Systems for Controlling Routes of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." World of Transport and Transportation 18, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2020-18-84-96.
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Currently, the problem of ensuring safety of flights of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) over the territory of transport infrastructure facilities (TIF), primarily airports, remains topical.In one of the previous works, the author together with the co-author proposed a method for increasing safety of movement of unmanned aerial vehicles and the system for controlling the routes of unmanned aerial vehicles (hereinafter – route control system, RCS) that implements it, which makes it possible to improve safety and security of UAV traffic at transport infrastructure facilities by limiting UAV traffic area strictly to a dedicated air corridor (DAC). The development of this system creates the prerequisites for removing the existing restrictions on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles at transport infrastructure facilities.For practical implementation of the proposed system, it is relevant to develop a method of placing RCS at transport infrastructure facilities. This condition can be justified by the fact that RCS, as a rule, will be located under conditions of dense infrastructural development, including dangerous technical elements of technical equipment, a collision of a UAV with which can lead to an emergency situation (ES); besides, the movement of air/ground vehicles will be carried out in the immediate vicinity of RCS along transport routes/corridors, and employees, passengers and visitors of TIF will move along the pedestrian paths.The objective of this study – to develop a methodology for placing systems controlling routes of unmanned aerial vehicles at transport infrastructure facilities.The study conducted with well-known scientific methods, including the basic routing problem posed by Dantzig and Ramser, modelling, analysis, and synthesis, made it possible to develop a method for placing RCS for unmanned aerial vehicles at transport infrastructure facilities. The practical application of the proposed methodology makes it possible to build routes for movement of UAV at TIF, to form a network of dedicated air corridors for UAV at TIF operated in relationship with the system, determine the optimal location of the RCS elements at TIF.
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Shvetsova, S. V. "Aspects of Equipping Transport Facilities with Systems for Controlling Routes of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." World of Transport and Transportation 18, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2020-18-84-96.
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Currently, the problem of ensuring safety of flights of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) over the territory of transport infrastructure facilities (TIF), primarily airports, remains topical.In one of the previous works, the author together with the co-author proposed a method for increasing safety of movement of unmanned aerial vehicles and the system for controlling the routes of unmanned aerial vehicles (hereinafter – route control system, RCS) that implements it, which makes it possible to improve safety and security of UAV traffic at transport infrastructure facilities by limiting UAV traffic area strictly to a dedicated air corridor (DAC). The development of this system creates the prerequisites for removing the existing restrictions on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles at transport infrastructure facilities.For practical implementation of the proposed system, it is relevant to develop a method of placing RCS at transport infrastructure facilities. This condition can be justified by the fact that RCS, as a rule, will be located under conditions of dense infrastructural development, including dangerous technical elements of technical equipment, a collision of a UAV with which can lead to an emergency situation (ES); besides, the movement of air/ground vehicles will be carried out in the immediate vicinity of RCS along transport routes/corridors, and employees, passengers and visitors of TIF will move along the pedestrian paths.The objective of this study – to develop a methodology for placing systems controlling routes of unmanned aerial vehicles at transport infrastructure facilities.The study conducted with well-known scientific methods, including the basic routing problem posed by Dantzig and Ramser, modelling, analysis, and synthesis, made it possible to develop a method for placing RCS for unmanned aerial vehicles at transport infrastructure facilities. The practical application of the proposed methodology makes it possible to build routes for movement of UAV at TIF, to form a network of dedicated air corridors for UAV at TIF operated in relationship with the system, determine the optimal location of the RCS elements at TIF.
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Ho, Ming-sho. "HOW PROTESTS EVOLVE: HONG KONG’S ANTI-EXTRADITION MOVEMENT AND LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE UMBRELLA MOVEMENT*." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 25, SI (September 1, 2020): 711–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/1086-671x-25-5-711.
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This article analyzes the Hong Kong’s 2019 anti-extradition movement and how it learned from the unsuccessful lessons of the 2014 umbrella movement. Existing theories, such as protest cycles, spillover, and abeyance provide inadequate explanations of the linkage between these two movements. This article contends that collective learning from the previous setbacks enabled Hong Kong’s protesters to launch a more challenging protest five years later. Such learning was made possible because (1) the occupation zones of the umbrella movement served as an incubator for new and experimental tactics that were later deployed, (2) post-occupy organizations sustained a network of participants scattered across different professions that emerged as the mobilizing infrastructure, and (3) in order to avoid the same mistakes, participants recognized the need for more decentralized decision making and tolerance for radical protests.
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Cowen, Deborah. "Law as Infrastructure of Colonial Space: Sketches from Turtle Island." AJIL Unbound 117 (2023): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2022.70.
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Heraclitus's words remind us that law and infrastructure have lived in intimate relation, in practice and thought, for millennia. This intimacy is palpable in the context of settler worldmaking where colonial jurisdiction is enacted by constraining, with an eye to replacing, Indigenous jurisdiction. Here, the authority to have authority is often asserted in practice through violent attempts to control connectivity and movement. To this day, imperial powers assert jurisdiction over space through infrastructures that enhance or inhibit the motion of goods and people, like railroads, pipelines, border walls, and police.2 This Essay investigates the co-production of colonial law and infrastructure on Turtle Island—an Indigenous name for the continent of North America, which already highlights a different conception of jurisdiction and law through its anchor in creation stories. The brief sketches that follow emphasize the co-constitution of law and infrastructure, yet they also propose a relationship that exceeds proximity or metaphor. Law operates through the ordering of extension, and in this sense, can productively be thought of infrastructurally, as “the movement or patterning of social form.”3 This Essay argues that approaching law infrastructurally foregrounds the contingency of seemingly solid structures, including centrally that of settler jurisdiction.
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Islam, Md Kamrul, Muhammad Abubakar Dalhat, and Abdullah Al Mamun. "Road Infrastructure Investment Limits Based on Minimal Accidents Using Artificial Neural Network." Applied Sciences 12, no. 23 (November 23, 2022): 11949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122311949.
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Road traffic accidents are still among the top major global causes of death, injury, and disability. Despite this cause for alarm and several preventive initiatives, global road accident statistics are not improving. This study modeled annual road accidents (ARAs) as a function of demographic, economic, passenger movement, freight movement, and road capital investment indicators. The research is based on 22 years of data from more than 36 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member and partner countries. Artificial neural network (ANN), multiple linear regression (MLR), and Poisson regression (PR) analysis were employed for this purpose. The ANN model outperformed the regression models by far, thus making it possible for reliable new insights and accurate results to be obtained. The ANN’s superior performance was shown to be a result of the non-linear relationship between ARA and some of the predicting variables. The average relative contribution of each variable in describing the ARA models was estimated using connection weight analysis (from the ANN model) and relative weight analysis for the regression model. The profile method was used to perform sensitivity analysis and to establish the partial variation trend of the ARA with each of the variables. The Existing Road Maintenance Investment (ERMI) and New Road Infrastructural Investment (NRII) showed a nonlinear concave-up relationship with ARA for given demography, economy, freight, and passenger movements. A combination of per capita NRII and ERMI corresponding to the minimum ARA exists. These sets of NRII and ERMI were considered safe road investment limits. The ANN-ARA model was utilized to estimate these limits with their relative proportion for diverse combinations of demography, economy, freight level, and passenger movement.
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Latonero, Mark, and Paula Kift. "On Digital Passages and Borders: Refugees and the New Infrastructure for Movement and Control." Social Media + Society 4, no. 1 (January 2018): 205630511876443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305118764432.
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Since 2014, millions of refugees and migrants have arrived at the borders of Europe. This article argues that, in making their way to safe spaces, refugees rely not only on a physical but increasingly also digital infrastructure of movement. Social media, mobile devices, and similar digitally networked technologies comprise this infrastructure of “digital passages”—sociotechnical spaces of flows in which refugees, smugglers, governments, and corporations interact with each other and with new technologies. At the same time, a digital infrastructure for movement can just as easily be leveraged for surveillance and control. European border policies, in particular, instantiate digital controls over refugee movement and identity. We review the actors, technologies, and policies of movement and control in the EU context and argue that scholars, policymakers, and the tech community alike should pay heed to the ethics of the use of new technologies in refugee and migration flows.
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Hidayat, Rakhmat. "Democratic Citizenship of Teacher Movement in Indonesia Post-Soeharto: Between Democratic Citizenship and Civic Engagement." Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun 6, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v6i3.236.
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After May 1998, Indonesia began the transition from centralization to the era of autonomy. During 32 years, Soeharto’s New Order regime (1966-1998) demonstrated authoritarian regime in many sectors, like politics, economics, social, especially in education. The political freedom of the Reform era has opened up an opportunity for the revival of social movements in Indonesia. Reform has enabled more open political structure, including a friendlier political atmosphere for the teacher movement. The purpose of this research is to explain how teacher movement in Indonesia made transformation from authoritarian which close movement to liberal with open movement. In New Order regime with authoritarian performance, Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (Teacher Union in Indonesia) is as the single actor. The paper discussed three main aspects: (1) the explanation of the emerging of teacher movements in the process of democratic citizenship (2) the dynamics of teacher movement in developing teacher capacity in era of decentralization of Indonesia (3) the relations of teacher movement between the civil societies in era of decentralization. The teacher movement influences Indonesia’s democratization process. Teacher movement has contributed substantially in increasing participation and democracy in Indonesia, building the legal and institutional infrastructure for democracy, and providing voice and educational advocacy in supporting the reform.
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Huk, Valeriy, and Helen Zaporozhtseva. "INTELLIGENT HIGH-SPEED PASSENGER ELECTRIC TRANSPORT (ISET-150) FOR LARGE CITIES OF UKRAINE." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 77 (May 24, 2021): 160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2021.77.160-167.
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The high-speed passenger transport development is one of the most important tasks for the successful functioning of any large or largest city transport system. The modern society of the biggest cities-megalopolises needs a constant increase in the volume of transport communications. This requires an increase in costs to improve the infrastructure of the transport network, turning it into a flexible, highly manageable logistics system. However, this significantly increases the risk of investment, if one does not take into account the patterns of development of the transport network, the distribution of load on its sections. Ignoring these patterns leads to frequent traffic jams (transport congestion), overloading, an increase in the accident rate, and a complete dependence on the cost of oil products. Lack of developed infrastructure for road transport and low-speed public transport significantly hampers economic development. Therefore, a radical increase in public investment in stimulating the urban economy would necessarily include modernization of transport infrastructure. All infrastructural activities should be carried out on the territory of the country – thereby creating new jobs and strengthening the industry. Well-chosen infrastructure projects that provide conditions for economic development for decades and for many generations represent the best use of public debt capital.
For creation in large cities of Ukraine, especially with difficult climatic and geological conditions, with difficult climatic and geological conditions, as well as with a poorly developed highway system, a new overhead electric high-speed passenger, economy and environmentally friendly, transport, with cabins, is proposed.
To organize the safe movement of controlled crews with passengers, the theory of saturated traffic flows was used, which describes the movement of crews in a stream as a continuous change in the states of acceleration, uniform movement and braking, i.e. synchronized three phases «start-go-stop» in one control algorithm.
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Shust, Olena, Igor Paska, Dmytro Krysanov, Marat Ibatullin, and Iryna Artimonova. "Assessment of pig products market infrastructure formation." Technology audit and production reserves 2, no. 4(58) (April 30, 2021): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.230422.
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The object of research is the functioning of the subjects of infrastructural support for the functioning of the market for pig products, in particular, its information and transport components. Now one of the main problems in ensuring the food and biological safety of any country, which must be solved in the near future, is the formation of a traceability system for all livestock products, which will provide a positive effect at the entire stage of commodity circulation. Experience shows that the complexity and high level of costs associated with running an animal transport business are holding back the quantitative growth of companies in this market segment. Therefore, the work is devoted to the substantiation and improvement of the theoretical and methodological foundations, as well as the development of practical recommendations for the formation and functioning of the infrastructure of the market for pig products. The paper shows that the implementation of the proposed information system for traceability of the movement of pig products will ensure the quality of pig slaughter products, monitor compliance with the antiepizootic and antiepidemiological situation. An integrated approach to the segment of animal transportation will solve the main problems of organizing business, in particular: reducing transportation costs, minimizing environmental impact and ensuring humane treatment of animals. Methodological approaches to the formation of a monitoring system for the movement of products of animal origin based on the creation of an information system for automated document flow «Biosafety», which will ensure the traceability of the movement of pig products at all stages of the agri-food chain, have been substantiated. This will provide a qualitatively new level of information and communication technologies in the industry. In the course of the study, the comparison method was used to compare economic phenomena in different time periods in order to identify a causal relationship. The information provided in the research process should become the basis for the development of measures to control the antiepizootic and antiepidemiological situation by local self-government bodies and the relevant specialized state bodies.
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Silva, José Maria Cardoso da, and Julie Topf. "Conservation and development: a cross-disciplinary overview." Environmental Conservation 47, no. 4 (July 27, 2020): 234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892920000247.
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SummaryThe ability of national governments to set and implement policies that protect biodiversity is currently facing widespread scepticism within the conservation movement. Here, we review the literature from several disciplines to outline a positive agenda for how the global conservation movement can address this. We combine the strengths of the people-centred and science-led conservation approaches to develop a framework that emphasizes the importance of ecological infrastructure for the long-term prosperity of human societies in an ever-changing world. We show that one of the major goals of the conservation movement (enhancing global ecological infrastructure to end species and ecosystem loss) remains central and irreplaceable within the broad sustainable development agenda. Then, we argue that the conservation community is now more prepared than ever to face the challenge of supporting societies in designing the ecological infrastructure they need to move towards more sustainable states. Because it is where global and local priorities meet, the national level is where impactful changes can be made. Furthermore, we point out two priorities for the conservation movement for the next decade: (1) substantially increase the amount of financial resources dedicated to conservation; and (2) advance the next generation of policies for ecological infrastructure.
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Wu, Lihua, Henry Leung, Hao Jiang, Hong Zheng, and Li Ma. "Incorporating Human Movement Behavior into the Analysis of Spatially Distributed Infrastructure." PLOS ONE 11, no. 1 (January 19, 2016): e0147216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147216.
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de Oliveira, S. M., P. J. Murray, D. L. de Villiers, and G. S. Baxter. "Ecology and movement of urban koalas adjacent to linear infrastructure in coastal south-east Queensland." Australian Mammalogy 36, no. 1 (2014): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am12046.
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In Redland City, koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) are in rapid decline as they are exposed to anthropogenic threats such as habitat clearing, dog attacks, vehicle collisions and disease. This study investigated the influence of linear infrastructure on the movement and habitat use of urban koalas. Seven koalas were tracked for up to 28 weeks during the breeding season. Home ranges were calculated for 95% Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP95%) and 95% fixed Kernel Density (FK95%). Koalas responded to the landscape in different ways. Linear infrastructure did not restrict the movements of most koalas. Home ranges varied from 1.1 to 31.5 ha MCP95% and from 5 to 55 ha for FK95%. Koalas mainly used Eucalyptus tereticornis throughout the study site. A variety of non-regionally endemic and regionally endemic trees in urban and remnant vegetation areas were used, suggesting that all trees are potentially koala habitat. At the completion of the study, four koalas remained alive, two were killed by trains and one died from a dog attack. Despite the small sample size and short duration, our results suggest that koalas are able to navigate linear infrastructure; however, the high rates of mortality associated with these movements puts the long-term viability of urban koala populations in doubt.
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CHEN, QIMING, PARVATHI CHUNDI, UMESHWAR DAYAL, and MEICHUN HSU. "DYNAMIC AGENTS." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 08, no. 02n03 (June 1999): 195–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843099000101.
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We claim that a dynamic agent infrastructure can provide a shift from static distributed computing to dynamic distributed computing, and we have developed an infrastructure to realize such a shift. We shall compare this infrastructure with other distributed computing infrastructures such as CORBA and DCOM, and demonstrate its value in highly dynamic system integration, service provisioning and distributed applications such as data mining on the Web. The infrastructure is Java-based, light-weight, and extensible. It differs from other agent platforms and client/server infrastructures in its support of dynamic behavior modification of agents. A dynamic agent is not designed to have a fixed set of predefined functions, but instead, to carry application-specific actions, which can be loaded and modified on the fly. This allows a dynamic agent to adjust its capability to accommodate changes in the environment and requirements, and play different roles across multiple applications. The above features are supported by the light-weight, built-in management facilities of dynamic agents, which can be commonly used by the "carried" application programs to communicate, manage resources and modify their problem-solving capabilities. Therefore, the proposed infrastructure allows application-specific multi-agent systems to be developed easily on top of it, provides "nuts and bolts" for run-time system integration, and supports dynamic service construction, modification and movement. A prototype has been developed at HP Labs and made available to several external research groups.
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Gulson, Kalervo N., and Sam Sellar. "Emerging data infrastructures and the new topologies of education policy." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 37, no. 2 (November 24, 2018): 350–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775818813144.
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This paper examines how datafication is creating new topologies of education policy. Specifically, we analyse how the creation of data infrastructures that enable the generation, communication and representation of digital data are changing relations of power, including both centralised and dispersed forms, and space in education. The paper uses conceptual resources from cultural topology and infrastructure studies to provide a framework for analysing spatial relations between educational data, discourses, policies and practices in new governance configurations. The paper outlines a case study of an emergent data infrastructure in Australian schooling, the National Schools Interoperability Program, to provide empirical evidence of the movement, connection and enactment of digital data across policy spaces. Key aspects of this case include the ways that data infrastructure is: (i) enabling new private and public connections across policy topologies; (ii) creating a new role for technical standards in education policy and (iii) changing the topological spaces of education governance.
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Kołodziejczyk, Krzysztof. "ORGANISATION OF TOURIST MOVEMENT IN THE CZECH SWITZERLAND NATIONAL PARK." Folia Turistica 43 (June 30, 2017): 9–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7810.
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Purpose. Assessment of the organisation of tourism movement in the Czech Switzerland National Park taking into account the extent of protection zones, distribution of main tourist attractions and functions of neighbouring tourist settlements. Method. The course of tourist trails and the degree of infrastructure along them were compared with the zoning of the national park. A typology of tourist settlements (both within the borders of the park and in its vicinity) was prepared, taking into account their accessibility, tourist infrastructure and effects on the tourist movement in the protected area. The educational offer of the park, accessibility to the entries of tourist trails by public transport and proposals for handicapped tourists were also analysed. Findings. The Czech Switzerland National Park was introduced in a developed tourist space. That is why the network of tourist trails and locally intensive tourist infrastructure does not fully correspond with the division into protection zones. Out of 166.4 km of hiking and cycling trails, as much as 32.7 km lead through the first, most valuable zone, which composes less than 25% of the total park area. One main and few secondary tourist distribution nodes were distinguished, as well as two types of local tourist villages. The studied area is well accessible, has a developed educational offer, however, the proposals for handicapped tourists are limited. Research and conclusion limitations. In the research, only one national park was examined, thus comparison with situations in other protected areas is advisable. Practical implications. Findings may be useful while planning tourist infrastructure in other protected areas, especially those newly introduced. Originality. In the work, a relatively new national park (established in 2000) was taken into account. It has not been examined more thoroughly in Polish scientific literature concerning tourism. Importance was attached to the zoning of the protected area. Type of paper. The article presents the results of empirical research.
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Diugwu, Ikechukwu A., Obioma R. Nwaogbe, Victor Omoke, Solomon T. Johnson, and Ashem E. Egila. "Assessment of operational performance of public sector funded infrastructure in Nigeria: the airports perspective." Independent Journal of Management & Production 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v10i1.828.
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The study assessed the performance of public sector funded infrastructure in Nigeria, with a special focus on airports. It utilized secondary data obtained from the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN), the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA), and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) covering the period 2004 to 2016. A simple regression analyses of the data were carried out using total number of employees as the predictor variable and the total aircraft movement, total passenger movement, and total cargo movement as the dependent variables. The results of the analyses show that the p values calculated were < 0.05 alpha value, implying existence of a statistical relationship among the dependent variables (aircraft movement, passenger throughput, and cargo throughput) and independent variable (number of employees). Furthermore, the time series graphs show fluctuations in growth of the outputs (passenger throughput, aircraft movement and cargo throughput) for the Nigerian air transport system at various periods. This study has shown that there is a need for the government and stakeholders to take immediate actions in tackling factors responsible for the decline and fluctuations in the air transport industry.
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Srikanth, Seelam, Syed Omar Ballari, and Sala Eswar. "Framework for freight movement in Bangalore city, India." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1084, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1084/1/012033.
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Abstract The movement of goods throughout the country ensures need and availability across the countries. The process and methodology of movement of goods are termed Freight. From the process of identification of the source, production, storage, and delivery of goods to respective customers there are logistics involved in the process, known as freight logistics. The market size of the logistics sector in India is estimated to be between USD 90-125 billion. Freight is also the major user of roads, rails, and other modes of transport. Despite holding promise the logistics sector in India remains mired in several complexities which have the potential of holding it back. As a solution to this Freight Logistics needs a framework and Directive policies, in this regard this documentation was carried out with the help of the Directorate of Urban Land Transport to review various Directive policies of freight around the world. The present study will map the types of goods, different stakeholders participating in freight, Infrastructures involved in freight, Logistics or Supply Chain processes, different types of Logistic Service Providers, etc. Finally in this paper, the draft framework for Freight Logistics Policies is worked out under mainly three sub-headings Institutional Landscape, Infrastructure, and Logistics or Supply Chain Process.
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Kampan, Palapan. "Strategic Development of ASEAN Logistics Infrastructure." Open Transportation Journal 11, no. 1 (August 21, 2017): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874447801711010067.
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Introduction:The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) recently launched its ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), which could potentially revolutionize the economic output in the region through free movement of goods, people, and capital across borders. At this stage, several trade barriers still exist which limit successes in AEC.Literature Review:This article assesses strategic opportunities, weaknesses, and threats to trade in the region, with a particular focus on logistics infrastructure. A review and analysis of the quality of land, air, and sea transportation networks is provided.Recommendations and Conclusion:Recommendations are made pertaining to customs and investment policies, security, safety, and infrastructure development. AEC is found capable of achieving its goals given that trade participants have adequate means by which they can deliver their goods.
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Marsintauli, Frihardina. "ANALISIS PENGARUH ROE, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, TINGKAT INFLASI DAN TINGKAT KURS TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM." Business Economic, Communication, and Social Sciences (BECOSS) Journal 1, no. 1 (August 31, 2019): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/becossjournal.v1i1.5981.
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The infrastructure development is one of the supporting factors in the movement of a economic country. For over the past four years, the government has been focus on building transportation infrastructure and utilities as they believe that expanding infrastructure can contribute to economic growth and investment later. There is an increase in companies in the infrastructure, utilities and transportation sectors from 2016 to 2018, there were an increase in 24 public companies. This proves that investment in the infrastructure, utilities and transportation sectors is considered to be very proftable for investors. The purpose in this study is to empirically study the effect of fnancial performance (Return On Equity), size, inflation rate and exchange rate on stock returns of infrastructures, utilities and communications company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in observations from 2016-2018 using multiple regression method with SPSS. This study is using secondary data from Indonesia Stock Exchange (JSX) Yearly Statistics, ofcial website of Bank Indonesia, website Yahoo Finance on 2016-2018. Population research consists of 75 listed companies and fnal result with purposive sampling method for this research by using 24 companies. The hypothesis test result showed that ROE have positive influence to stock return and on the other hand there is no signifcantly influence for size’s company, inflation and exchange rate.
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Fried, Travis, Lee Munnich, Thomas Horan, and Brian Hilton. "Evolving Supply Chains and Local Freight Flows: A Geographic Information System Analysis of Minnesota Cereal Grain Movement." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 9 (May 16, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118759952.
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In Minnesota, technological and economic shifts in the grain supply chain have altered the way grain producers and sellers navigate their local freight network. In particular, many producers have been increasing their personal trucking capacity and taking longer trips to intermodal and domestic market options. This logistical reshaping of local grain supply chains pressure transportation officials to reconsider the consequences for road infrastructure and congested freight corridors. Studies are discussing the potential of disaggregated commodity flow survey (CFS) data as a critical tool in understanding small-scale freight movement and informing infrastructural investment decisions. Utilizing ArcGIS’s Network Analyst and Hot spot tools to analyze inter-county grain trucking, our study effectively differentiates highly active freight corridors. The model is used to further inform an ongoing infrastructure development project in the Twin Cities metro area by contextualizing road usage within the economic framework of the grain supply chain. However, this study finds CFS data alone fails to account for shifting supply chain conditions, and their consequent impact on the road network. Employing United States Department of Agriculture crop production and cropland data, this study additionally builds an original, computational model that simulates corn producer shipment reaction to market price competition within two key grain-producing counties. Results visualize how producers, during spot months, may be incentivized to haul longer distances to more competitive markets—especially emerging biofuel industries. This lesson proves crucial for state and local transportation officials who wish to identify freight infrastructure development opportunities that invigorate and accommodate growth in Minnesota’s expanding agricultural industry cluster.
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Taylor, Joseph, and Rickey Taylor. "Decreasing work-related movement during a pandemic. Location analytics and the implications of the digital divide." International Journal of Development Issues 20, no. 3 (June 7, 2021): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdi-11-2020-0260.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the role of digital infrastructure in supporting compliance with travel restrictions. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of digital infrastructure in supporting compliance with travel restrictions. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, countries around the world have issued “stay-at-home” orders and curtailed a variety of economic activities. As countries have adopted aggressive policies to limit the spread of COVID-19, varying levels of national infrastructure to provide internet access have limited some nations’ ability to reduce travel requirements. As national policies struggle to address public health issues, location analytics enabled by big data provide unique insights regarding the efficacy of digital infrastructure. These insights can provide valuable tools to public health officials and regulators in understanding how health recommendations are implemented within an economy. Design/methodology/approach This study analyzes mobile phone movement data during the first half of 2020 and finds that countries that provided greater access to internet capabilities were better able to reduce work-related mobility. Findings This study’s findings indicate that greater levels of digital infrastructure may better prepare countries to adapt to societal disruptions such as COVID-19. Practical implications This study’s findings demonstrate that public health controls regarding movement and person-to-person interaction are less likely to be effective in nations with weaker digital infrastructure, even after accounting for variation attributable to gross domestic product (GDP) and pandemic severity. This could limit public health options in developing countries when faced with future socially disruptive events and encourage national investment in digital infrastructure. Social implications This study’s findings highlight positive externalities associated with reducing the digital divide. Developing better digital business infrastructure globally may reduce human exposure to future pandemic risks. Originality/value This research demonstrates the practical development implications of analysis of aggregate data widely available through mobile technology. As institutions develop techniques to ethically and effectively analyze this data, greater opportunities to support economic development may be revealed.
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Febrianto, Martinus, Dam. "SOCIAL MOVEMENT BASED ON SOCIAL MEDIA IN SOCIAL MORAL PERSPECTIVE." Jurnal Teologi 11, no. 1 (May 25, 2022): 33–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/jt.v11i01.4397.
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Social media as the prominent phenomenon of digital culture has become the infrastructure for social and political movements. Digital media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter have become practical tools for social movements, especially for communicating, organizing, and gaining wider publicity. However, a more careful study shows that activism on social media can only become an impactful socio-political movement if it meets the requirements of contemporary culture. Social media apparently does not support the absorption and deepening of complex discourses or difficult issues. In addition, direct (offline) activities, namely traditional forms of organization, are absolutely necessary for resilient and impactful social movements. These findings are in line with the study of social movements in the Catholic Church. Only through direct action in the offline realm can social movements foster spirituality, empower people, manifest a sense of solidarity, and become deep collective movements that inspire continuous effort for the sake of the common good.
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Khider, Mohammed, Susanna Kaiser, and Patrick Robertson. "A Novel Three Dimensional Movement Model for Pedestrian Navigation." Journal of Navigation 65, no. 2 (March 12, 2012): 245–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463311000713.
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In this paper, a Three Dimensional Pedestrian Movement Model (3D-MM) capable of probabilistically representing pedestrian movement in challenging indoor and outdoor localization environments is developed, implemented and evaluated. In the scope of this paper, the model is used to generate a ‘movement’ or a transition for dynamic positioning systems that are based on sequential Bayesian filtering techniques, such as particle filtering. It can also be used to assign weights for particles' movements proposed by sensors in Likelihood Particle Filters implementations. Alternatively, the developed model can be applied to other applications domains such as infrastructure design, evacuation planning, robot-human interaction and pervasive computing. The novelty of the model is in its ability to characterize both random and goals-oriented pedestrian motions and additionally use the a priori knowledge of maps and floor plans. It will be shown that an appropriate pedestrian movement model not only improves the positioning accuracy, but is also essential for a robust positioning estimator. Additionally, this work shows that maps and floor plans can improve pedestrian movement models but do not replace them, as several authors suggest.
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Kumar, Manoj, Tarun Kumar Gupta, and Deepak Umrao Sarwe. "An Optimization of Bitmap Index Compression Technique in Bulk Data Movement Infrastructure." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1099, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 012074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1099/1/012074.
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Dadheech, Pankaj, Ankit Kumar, and Vijander Singh. "An optimization of bitmap index compression technique in bulk data movement infrastructure." TARU Journal of Sustainable Technologies and Computing 1, no. 2, 3, 4 (November 1, 2019): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.47974/2019.tjstc.003.
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Alimahomed-Wilson, Jake, and Spencer Louis Potiker. "The Logistics of Occupation: Israel's Colonial Suppression of Palestine's Goods Movement Infrastructure." Journal of Labor and Society 20, no. 4 (September 25, 2017): 427–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/wusa.12301.
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Widawski, Krzysztof, Zdzisław Jary, Piotr Oleśniewicz, Piotr Owczarek, Julita Markiewicz-Patkowska, and Anna Zaręba. "Attractiveness of protected areas for geotourism purposes from the perspective of visitors: the example of Babiogórski National Park (Poland)." Open Geosciences 10, no. 1 (August 15, 2018): 358–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2018-0028.
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AbstractThis article examines the tourist role of protected areas important for their unanimated nature potential. In Poland the highest form of legal protection is a national park. Babiogórski National Parks is one of 23 national parks in Poland. The aim of this article is to present its tourist attraction based on its geotourist potential considered by tourists who visit this park. At the beginning a brief history of protection of Babia Góra is presented. Based on stock-taking sightseeing method an analysis of the most important tourist attractiveness elements (like infrastructure or tourist values) is done. The focus on the values of unanimated nature is made grouping them into four main categories. As the result of research on infrastructure the most important accommodation units were indicated present at the surroundings of this National Park which is vital for its tourist capacity. For the correct functioning of tourist movement at the protected area the supporting infrastructure is important bearing a lot of functions. The function of channeling of the tourist movement as well as the didactic function are the most important for protection and correct use of geotourist values. Among the many elements of the supporting infrastructure the most important ones are tourist and didactic routes (their course and themes are presented). The most important part of the article is the presentation of the participants of the tourist movement opinions on the Babiogórski National Park tourist attractiveness. A survey was conducted and then analysed on 308 respondents in 2011. They were asked to judge both the quality of infrastructure as well as attraction of geotourist values together with their adaptation to reception by the tourist movement. The results analysis served as a base to appraise the state and perspectives for the geotourism development in Babiogórski National Park from the point of view of the receivers of tourist product i.e. the protected area.
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Mbongue, Joel Mandebi, Danielle Tchuinkou Kwadjo, Alex Shuping, and Christophe Bobda. "Deploying Multi-tenant FPGAs within Linux-based Cloud Infrastructure." ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3474058.
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Cloud deployments now increasingly exploit Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) accelerators as part of virtual instances. While cloud FPGAs are still essentially single-tenant, the growing demand for efficient hardware acceleration paves the way to FPGA multi-tenancy. It then becomes necessary to explore architectures, design flows, and resource management features that aim at exposing multi-tenant FPGAs to the cloud users. In this article, we discuss a hardware/software architecture that supports provisioning space-shared FPGAs in Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) clouds. The proposed hardware/software architecture introduces an FPGA organization that improves hardware consolidation and support hardware elasticity with minimal data movement overhead. It also relies on VirtIO to decrease communication latency between hardware and software domains. Prototyping the proposed architecture with a Virtex UltraScale+ FPGA demonstrated near specification maximum frequency for on-chip data movement and high throughput in virtual instance access to hardware accelerators. We demonstrate similar performance compared to single-tenant deployment while increasing FPGA utilization, which is one of the goals of virtualization. Overall, our FPGA design achieved about 2× higher maximum frequency than the state of the art and a bandwidth reaching up to 28 Gbps on 32-bit data width.