Academic literature on the topic 'Motorcycle accident analysis'

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Journal articles on the topic "Motorcycle accident analysis"

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Afelumo, OL, OP Abiodun, and FO Sanni. "Prevalence of Protective Measures and Accident Among Motorcycle Riders with Road Safety Compliance in a Nigerian Semi-Urban Community." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v11i3.39764.

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Introduction: The operation of commercial motorcycles has eased transport difficulties, but an increased rate of road traffic collisions, injuries, and deaths deserve attention. This study aimed to evaluate compliance with road safety preventive measures and accident prevalence among motorcycle riders in Ado-Odo Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey that employed a structured questionnaire for collecting information related to compliance to protective measures and accident prevalence. A stratified random sampling technique was used to identify respondents from 20 motorcycle parks. Also, a multistage probability sampling method was used to select 374 respondents from all motorcycle parks listed. Data analysis was done using IBM-SPSS version 25.0 Results: Of the 374 respondents, 69.0% owned motorcycles and 31.0% hired/rented theirs. Less than half (45.7%) of all riders were aware of the implications (health, financial, and psychological) of a motorcycle accident (MCA). Only 39.5% of owners and 59.5% rented/hire knew the implications (p<0.001). Helmet use was significantly higher among owners (76.4%) than hired/rented (55.2%), p<0.001. More owners (70.9%) had protective jackets than rented/hired (57.8%) (p<0.05). Availability of bright/reflective clothing was poor (45.7%) though significantly higher among owners (50.0%) than rented/hired (36.2%) (p<0.05). Overall accident prevalence was 45.2%, significantly higher among rented/hired riders (56.0%) than owners (40.3%) (p<0.005). Respondents aged 18-24 years were more involved in MCA (52.9%) than the other age groups (p<0.05). Respondents with no formal education had more accidents (73.1%) than the educated (p<0.001). Conclusion: The knowledge of the consequences of motorcycle accidents was limited among motorcycle riders in Ado-Odo, and the prevalence of accidents was significantly higher among riders who rented/hired motorcycles than owners. Therefore, there is a need for accident documentation and cost implication of motorcycle accidents in the local government areas; this will help policymakers design intervention programs. Also, there is a need for regular training of the riders on road safety measures and the associated benefits.
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Suthanaya, Putu Alit. "Analysis of Fatal Accidents Involving Motorcycles in Low Income Region (Case Study of Karangasem Region, Bali-Indonesia)." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 19 (October 2015): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.19.112.

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Karangasem region is the lowest income region in Bali Province-Indonesia. The people are highly dependent on using motorcycle for their daily movement. Karangasem has a high fatality rate of traffic accidents. There are 190 cases of the traffic accident and causing the death of 140 people. The number of accidents involving motorcycles are 172 cases. The objective of this study is to investigate factors that influence fatal traffic accidents involving motorcycles. This study used traffic accident data over 6 years period from 2007-2012 and applied logistic regression. It was found that there are four variable significantly affect accident fatality at 95% confidence level, i.e. accident location, collision type, violation type, and age.
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Rusman, Andri A., Livaldi N. Aflah, and Andri A. Kusuma. "Description of injury to the victim of motorcycle traffic accident." ACTA Medical Health Sciences, Volume 1 No 2 (October 30, 2022): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.35990/amhs.v1n2.p97-104.

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Road accidents are events that can lead to injury or death. The number of fatalities from traffic accidents is the eighth highest in the world. In Southeast Asia, up to 316,000 people die each year in road accidents. Motorcycles are the type of vehicle with the highest number of accidents compared to other types of vehicles. The increase in motorcycle purchases in Indonesia is associated with an increase in road accidents. Road accident injuries can occur on multiple parts of the body and can cause different types of injuries. The purpose of this study is to determine the description of the victims of motorcycle traffic accidents in Southeast Asia. This research is a descriptive study using literature study method by searching various literature that uses electronic databases such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, PubMed, NCBI, WHO, Ministry of Health, ScienceDirect, and Springer to search related literature. Keywords used when searching for items are injuries, car accidents, motorcycles, and Southeast Asian descriptions. A total of seven articles were selected for analysis using synthetic matrices, and the results showed that working-age and male gender were most frequently involved in motorcycle road accidents. Extremities injuries are the most common site of injury and the majority of injuries obtained are soft tissue injuries. In order to add data on the most common types of injuries to motorcycle traffic accident victims in Indonesia, this study needs to be further conducted in Indonesia on the most common types of injuries to motorcycle traffic accident victims.
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Hsu, Tien-Pen, Ku-Lin Wen, and Taiyi Zhang. "Applying Machine Learning to Develop Lane Control Principles for Mixed Traffic." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 8, 2021): 7656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147656.

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The mixed traffic environment often has high accident rates. Therefore, many motorcycle-related traffic improvements or control methods are employed in countries with mixed traffic, including slow-traffic lanes, motorcycle two-stage left turn areas, and motorcycle waiting zones. In Taiwan, motorcycles can ride in only the two outermost lanes, including the curb lane and a mixed traffic lane. This study analyzed the new motorcycle-riding space control policy on 27 major arterial roads containing 248 road segments in Taipei by analyzing before-and-after accident data from the years 2012–2018. In this study, the equivalent-property-damage-only (EPDO) method was used to evaluate the severity of crashes before and after the cancelation of the third lane prohibition of motorcycles (TLPM) policy. After EPDO analysis, the random forest analysis method was used to screen the crucial factors in accidents for specific road segments. Finally, a classification and regression tree (CART) was created to predict the accident improvement effects of the road segments with discontinued TLPM in different situations. Furthermore, to provide practical applications, this study integrated the CART results and the needs of traffic authorities to determine four rules for canceling TLPM. In the future, on the accident-prone road segment with TLPM, the inspection of the four rules can provide the authority to decide whether to cancel TLPM to improve the accident or not.
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Mkaha Zuma, Baya, Shadrack Ayieko Yonge, Joseph Baya Msanzu, and Rahma Udu Yussuf. "Determinants of Accident Occurrence among Commercial Motor Cycle Riders in Kaloleni Sub-County, Kilifi County, Kenya." Multidisciplinary Journal of Technical University of Mombasa 1, no. 2 (May 26, 2021): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.48039/mjtum.v1i2.35.

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Motorcycle accidents remain one of the main global concerns despite extensive research and interventions. The African region has the highest road fatality rates globally, in spite of being the least motorized region. Kenya has an estimated road fatality rate of 20.9 per 100,000 people, higher than that of the European region. There has been an increased use of motorcycles in Kenya over the last decade, so has the number of deaths from motorcycle injury. This study was aimed to establish the determinants of accident occurrence among commercial motorcycle riders in Kaloleni sub-County, Kilifi County, Kenya. A self- administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 279 commercial motorcycle riders. Factors associated with accident occurrence were analysed using both bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results showed that 29.2% of the respondents had been involved in a road traffic accident in the past 12 months by the time of the study. Factors that were independently associated with motorcycle accidents included riding experience of more than 8 years (p = 0.040), alcohol use (p = 0.040), slippery roads (p = 0.020) and pot holes on roads (p = <0.001). Moreover, participants acquired their riding skills from friends (64.9%) or self-trained (33.6%). It can be concluded that motorcycle accidents is still a major public health problem in the study area due to the recorded high rate. Thus, it is recommended that all motorcyclists should be well trained and issued with riding license after attending formal training, and strict penalties imposed against anybody contravening road traffic rules. Moreover, roads should be continuously improved to reduce accident rates.
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Rana, Asghar, Faran Nasrullah, Shahlisa Hameedi, and Nadeem Iqbal Janjua. "Motorcycle Accidents in Punjab: A Critical Analysis." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 72, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 632–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v72i2.5797.

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Objective: To determine existing occurrences of motorcycle accidents, to identify the causes of accidents and to suggest measures to prevent these accidents from minimizing the undue loss of life and property. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Emergency Departments of CMH Rawalpindi, CMH Lahore and CMH Kharian, from Aug 2018 to Jul 2019. Methodology: A total of 384 individuals, who underwent motorcycle accidents and reported to the Emergency Department, were included in the study. A pretested questionnaire was used for all the relevant information on demographic, social, motorcycle, and accident-related parameters. Results: The mean age of accident victims was 34.4 ± 10.92 years. Motorcyclists having 6-10 years of driving experience, riding daily between 11-20 km, were most commonly involved in accidents. 67.9% drivers had a motorcycle driving license, while most of them (65.8 %) were not wearing a helmet at the time of the accident. Wet road was the most common cause of accidents (35.6%). Collisions mainly occurred with another car (31.7%). The head (26.8%) was the most common injury site, followed by the back/abdomen (24.2%). Conclusion: Road traffic accidents place a significant economic burden, especially in a developing country like ours. Observance of safety precautions, strict adherence to traffic rules and regulations, and the Pakistan Highway Code knowledge are mandatory to avoid any possible accident. A national effort is required for the prevention of accidents to conserve human life and the financial resources of the country.
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Chen, Jingjing, Qian Wang, and Jie Huang. "Motorcycle Ban and Traffic Safety: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment at Zhejiang, China." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (September 27, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7552180.

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Motorcycle bans have been implemented in many cities across China for long time, one of the main reasons for which is the high death rate of the traffic accidents related to motorcycles’ fast speed and weak safety. This study applies a quasi-experiment on whether or not and when motorcycle bans are implemented in the 11 prefecture cities in Zhejiang Province, taking the prefecture-level cities with motorcycle bans as the experimental group and the others as the control group, so as to identify whether such bans can effectively reduce the number of traffic accidents and deaths, as well as the related internal mechanism. This study concludes that the effect of the motorcycle bans on reducing the number of traffic accident deaths is significant, and their impact does not decrease over time due to the diversity of policies. Further, the mechanism analysis shows that the motorcycle bans have not only reduced the number of motorcycles and thus may improve the traffic safety but also diminished the traffic accidents by reducing the fatality rate. Finally, this study proposes to optimize the motorcycle bans by planning special lanes and strengthening motorcycle management.
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Eichberger, Arno, Marianne Kraut, and Ioana V. Koglbauer. "Improved Perception of Motorcycles by Simulator-Based Driving Education." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (April 27, 2022): 5283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095283.

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Research shows that about half of all motorcycle collisions with other vehicles were caused by the accident opponent, typically a passenger car. This study aimed to assess the effect of simulator training on improving car drivers’ perceptibility of motorcycles and thereby addressing this frequent type of motorcycle accident from the perspective of the initiator. For this purpose, a training program with different methods was conducted and tested in a driving simulator with 80 learner drivers aged between 15 and 27 years, assigned to a control group and three training groups: variable priority, equal priority, and equal priority with warning. The conflict scenarios were determined based on an analysis of motorcycle–car accidents. The variable priority training program resulted in better perceptibility of motorcycles as compared to the equal priority training program and equal priority with warning in two out of four test setups, i.e., urban roads with high contrast between motorcycle and the driving environment and on rural roads with a low contrast. Most participants rated each training method in the driving simulator as useful and would recommend it to other learner drivers. These results are important because they show that simulator training has a positive effect on the motorcycle detection performance of learner drivers. The early perception of motorcycles in car drivers is essential for preventing collisions between cars and motorcycles.
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Bedru, Delwana, Firanbon Teshome, Yohannes Kebede, and Zewdie Birhanu. "Helmet wearing behavior where people often ride motorcycle in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): e0262683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262683.

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Background Road traffic accidents are a major global concern that affects all people regardless of their age, sex, wealth, and ethnicity. Injuries and deaths due to motorcycles are increasing, especially in developing countries. Wearing helmet is effective in reducing deaths and injuries caused by motorcycle accidents. Objectives To assess the magnitude of helmet wearing behavior and its determinants among motorcycle riders in Sawula and Bulky towns, Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April, 15 to May 25, 2020, among 422 motorcycle drivers in Sawula and Bulky towns, where people often drive motorcycles. A stratified sampling technique was used to recruit sampled drivers in a face-to-face interview. Data were entered into EPI-data version 3.1 software and exported to SPSS version 23 software to manage analysis. Descriptive analyses such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were performed as necessary. Logistic regression models were fitted to identify the predictors of helmet wearing behavior. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to determine the magnitude and strength of the association. Results A total of 403 motorcycle drivers participated in the study which gave a 95.5% response rate. Among 403 motorcycle riders, only 12.4% (95% CI, 9.2 to 15.6%) wore helmets while driving motorcycles. Having license [AOR 3.51(95% C.I 1.56–7.89)], driving distance >10Km [AOR 2.53(95% C.I 1.08–5.91)], History of exposure to accident [AOR 2.71(95% C.I 1.32–5.55)], driving experience of ≥10 years [AOR 2.98 (95% C.I 1.25–7.09)] and high perceived susceptibility to accident [AOR 3.10(95% C.I 1.29–7.46)] had statistically significant association with helmet wearing compared to their counterparts. Conclusions This study found that helmet-wearing behavior was very low. Having a license, driving distance, exposure to accidents, driving experience, and accident risk perception were determinants of helmet wearing behavior. These determinants imply the need for interventions that focus on behavioral change communications such as awareness creation campaigns and mandatory helmet wearing laws.
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Cao, Yi, Zhong Yi Zuo, and Bo Hang Liu. "Research on Mechanical Mechanics with Trajectory Reconstruction Model of Motorcycle’s Three-Dimensional Rolling Movement." Advanced Materials Research 952 (May 2014): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.952.201.

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In order to simulate and analyze the rolling movement state of motorcycle in collision accidents, the trajectory reconstruction model was studied. The motorcycle’s centroid trajectory model during the process of rolling and the feature point trajectory model during the process of sliding are both constructed. Using the accidents reconstruction and analysis software named PC-Crash and the models constructed in this paper respectively, a real accident case was reconstructed and analyzed. The comparative study between the reconstruction analysis results and the marks remained in the accident scene was conducted. Research showed that, the analysis result reconstructed by the model was consistent with the actual accident scene. This model can be used to reconstruct and analyze the motorcycle’s rolling movement trajectory after collision occurring.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Motorcycle accident analysis"

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Brooks, P. "Motorcycle accidents : The analysis and prevention of driver error." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382153.

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Winn, Gary Lee. "An experimental analysis of static visual acuity of novice, trained and experienced motorcyclists during simulated motorcycle operation /." Connect to resource, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1219343665.

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SAVINO, GIOVANNI. "Development of the Autonomous Braking for Powered Two Wheeler Application." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/596158.

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PENUMAKA, AVINASH PRABHAKAR. "Design of integrated safety system for powered two wheelers." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/596127.

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YU, CHIN-HUI, and 游沁蕙. "Analysis on Traffic Accident Costs of Automobiles and Motorcycles in Taiwan." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77071697840388421931.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
都市計劃研究所
105
This study attempts to estimate the traffic accident costs for different vehicles collisions in Taiwan by the degree of injuries of the involved road users. The data are from the road traffic accident investigation reports in 2014 provided by the National Police Administration in Taiwan. The regression analysis is then employed to examine the factors affecting the traffic accident costs in the Taiwan areas, urban areas, and rural areas. For automobile users, the results of regression analysis show that the protective equipment is significantly correlated with traffic accident costs in the above three study areas. However, gender, hierarchy of roads and types of road are significant in both the Taiwan areas and urban areas. In addition, obstruction is only significantly in the Taiwan areas, and traffic signal is only significantly in urban areas. For motorcycle users, gender is highly correlated with traffic accident costs in the above three study areas. However, protective equipment, hierarchy of roads and traffic signals are significantly correlated with traffic accident costs in the Taiwan areas and urban areas. In addition, alcohol usage, main accident factors, destination, and obstructions are significant only in urban areas, while weather and lane division facilities are significant only in rural areas. The usage of protective equipment causing higher accident costs could be explained by the risk compensation theory proposed by Peltzman (1975). The idea is that drivers with protective equipment will choose a higher speed to drive and this will cause higher accident costs. In addition, the reason for intersections causing lower accident costs is due to the lower speed of drivers in passing intersections. This can be supported by the low ratio of fatal traffic accidents at intersections, though the number of traffic accidents at intersections is higher than those at non-intersections.
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Lin, Li, and 林立. "An exploratory analysis of injury severity and injury position of motorcycle accidents." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44573579930352358911.

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碩士
國立嘉義大學
運輸與物流工程研究所
95
Motorcycles have been the most popular transportation mode in Taiwan. However, each year over 1,000 people lost their life in motorcycle accidents. The high accident risk and high risk of severe injury associated with motorcycle riding have not drawn considerable attention until a few years ago. In order to reduce the number of injuries and fatalities in motorcycle accidents, traffic authorities adopted the mandatory helmet use law on June 1, 1997. In order to have a better understanding of the effects of helmet on motorcycle accidents, this study applied logit-based modeling approaches to investigate if there are significant differences of injury severity and injury position between helmeted and un-helmeted motorcyclists. The data of motorcycle accidents occurred at Taipei metropolitan area in 2002 were collected. The analysis results indicate that there significant differences of injury severity between helmeted and un-helmeted motorcyclists. The logit and nested logit models further uncover important relationship between various risk factors and injury severity and position. The study concludes that effort to reduce motorcycle casualties by adopting mandatory helmet use law is justified.
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Ye, Nan-Jyun, and 葉南君. "Analysis of injury severity and frequency of motorcycle-involved accidents at intersections." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04093465487298976602.

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碩士
國立嘉義大學
行銷與運籌研究所
99
Vehicular accidents have been the leading cause of death and injury in Taiwan for many years. The medical expenses and social costs caused by vehicular accidents are enormous. Among these vehicular accidents, motorcycle accidents have drawn great attention from the general public and traffic authorities, because the injury severity of motorcycle accidents tend to be severe. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to identify the factors that can significantly contribute to motorcycle accidents and injury severity of motorcycle accidents. The study collected the data of motorcycle accidents that occurred at the major intersections in Chiayi City during the period between 2007 and 2008. Negative Binomial regression model was applied to identify the factors that contribute to motorcycle accidents at intersections. Logistic regression model was employed to identify the factors that can affect the injury severity of motorcycle accidents. The results by the negative binomial model shows that the number of signs in the major street, size of the intersection, motorcycle volume, divided facilities for moped vehicles, the number of lanes, passenger car and large vehicle volume can increase the motorcycle accidents at intersections. The results by the logistic regression indicate that female motorcyclists, alcohol impaired driving, motorcyclist older than 65 years old, unsignalized intersections, impact position, and collision types can increase the injury severity of motorcyclists.
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Books on the topic "Motorcycle accident analysis"

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Ontario. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. An analysis of Ontario motorcycle accident records 1981-1983. [Downsview, Ont.]: Ministry of Transportation and Communications, 1987.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Motorcycle helmet laws save lives and reduce costs to society : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1991.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Trends in highway fatalities, 1975-1987 : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1990.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Factors affecting involvement in vehicle crashes : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1994.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Causes of injury in automobile crashes : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1995.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Safety belt use laws save lives and reduce costs to society : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1992.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Reliability and validity of DOT crash tests : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1995.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Monitoring practices to show compliance with speed limits should be reexamined : briefing report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Water Resources, Transportation, and Infrastructure, Committee on Environment and Public Works, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1988.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Federal and state efforts to address rural road safety challenges : report to congressional committees. Washington, D.C: GAO, 2004.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Have automobile weight reductions increased highway fatalities? : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Motorcycle accident analysis"

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Macurová, Ľudmila, Pavol Kohút, Gustáv Kasanický, and Michal Ballay. "Expert Evidence in the Analysis of the Accident Event – Vehicle, Motorcycle and Pedestrian." In TRANSBALTICA XIII: Transportation Science and Technology, 415–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25863-3_39.

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Conference papers on the topic "Motorcycle accident analysis"

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Imanaga, Hisashi, Keisuke Fukuyama, Azhar Hamzah, Shuichi Enokida, and Hajime Ishida. "Traffic situation analysis between Vehicle and Motorcycle safety at Malaysia." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-pif-015.

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"Motorcycle behavior in the ASEAN region strongly affects the quality of road transport safety where many fatal traffic accidents, including motorcycle accidents, occur. To develop accident avoidance safety systems, it is important to understand motorcycle behavior. This study focuses on uncovering basic information about motorcycle behavior in situations where they overtake vehicles in the Kuala Lumpur area, Malaysia. The accident pattern among go straight vehicles and overtaking motorcycles is one of the most common patterns of fatal accidents in this country. It will be very useful information of motorcycle behaviors before accident occurring. Unfortunately, such important dataset of information can not be investigated yet. However behaviors at not so dangerous or risky situation can be acquired to understand traffic situation between vehicle and motorcycle. These data also give some important information about motorcycle behaviors. To identify these traffic situations, more than 500 hours of traffic situation data (the surrounding environment of the test vehicle) were monitored by a camera mounted on the front side of a test vehicle that drove around the Kuala Lumpur area. Some basic information, namely, overtaking patterns and their frequency, the relative speed of the test vehicle overtaken by motorcycles and the closeness of the motorcycle that is just behind the overtaken test vehicle starts overtaking, were revealed through the analysis. Regarding the overtaking pattern, most motorcycles overtook through a straight trajectory, especially in a congested situation. However the relative frequency of overtaking from just behind the test vehicle pattern increased in a non congested situation. The overtaking speed was less than 10[km/h] in half of the overtaking cases, while the other half varied from 10 to 50 [km/h]. Finally, the closeness of the motorcycle to the vehicle before it started overtaking was less than 5 [m] in some cases (for example, in case of 40-60[km/h] overtaking, around 20% of distances were less than 5[m]), which is a very short distance, and one that occurred frequently in fast driving situations."
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Seiniger, P., H. Winner, and J. Gail. "Future Vehicle Stability Control Systems for Motorcycles With Focus on Accident Prevention." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59072.

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Vehicle Stability Control systems (VSC) for four-wheeled vehicles like the electronic stability program (ESP) helped to decrease the number of traffic deaths in Germany to an all-time low over the last ten years. However, the number of people killed in powered two-wheeler accidents has been almost constant over the same period of time. Vehicle Stability Control systems for powered two-wheelers (especially motorcycles) so far include only anti-lock brakes and traction control systems, both systems are not designed to work in cornering. Further stability control systems are not known up to now. The objective of this paper is to assess the technical possibilities for future Vehicle Stability Control systems and the amount of accidents that could be prevented by those systems. From an accident analysis, all accidents not avoidable by today’s VSC Systems have been analyzed. Only accidents while cornering without braking have been determined as potentially avoidable by future technical systems (braked accidents have been counted as preventable by improved today’s systems). The accidents can be caused by insufficient friction (e.g. slippery road surface, sand, oil or to high curve speed). About 4 to 8 percent of all motorcycle accidents are of this type. The data source for accident descriptions were interviews of motorcycle experts who were able to describe their own accidents and detailed accident descriptions from an accident database. The accident types have been investigated with driving experiments and computer simulation. With a vehicle model different ways to influence the critical driving situations could be analyzed and evaluated. Experiments and simulations showed an instable roll and side-slip angular acceleration of the motorcycle during critical driving situations. The sideslip rate proved to be a robust criterion for recognizing whether a driving situation is critical. The roll movement of the vehicle cannot be influenced with reasonable means, because neither the lateral tire forces can be increased nor stabilizing gyros can be used since the necessary angular momentum is to large for a feasible package. The vehicle sideslip rate can be influenced by braking the front or the rear wheel, thus generating a yaw moment to avoid the dangerous high-side type accidents when friction changes back from low to high. The motorcycle accidents influenced by this system are only a small portion of the mentioned accidents, so as a result of this study, the potential for future vehicle dynamic control systems that help prevent non-braking cornering accidents is estimated quite low.
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Moradi, Rasoul, Shashikumar Ramamurthy, Chandrashekhar K. Thorbole, Prasannakumar S. Bhonge, and Hamid M. Lankarani. "Kinematic Analysis of a Motorcyclist Impact on Concrete Barriers Under Different Road Conditions." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37461.

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In many countries, motorcycle crashes constitutes a significant proportion of road crash injuries. Several roadside guard systems such as concrete barriers, wire road barriers and steel guard rails are used to protect cars or heavy trucks occupants, yet motorcycle riders are vulnerable to these barriers and guard systems, resulting in major injuries. The road and climatic conditions also have a major impact on motorcyclists’ accidents. The safety measures can be successful only if more attention is devoted to this issue. The aim of this study is to understand the most influential factors causing motorcycle accidents. For this, a multi-body motorcycle model with a Hybrid III 50th percentile male dummy rider is developed under normal road condition in the MADYMO 6.3. The motorcycle model as well as the motorcycle and rider model has been validated using full scale crash test of a motorcycle with a rider available in a literature. Motorcycle kinematics, rider kinematics and the rider injury criteria are validated with the test results. The simulations results are found to be in a reasonable agreement with the experimental data. A parametric study is then conducted to investigate the nature of crash injuries for various impact speeds, different impact angles and for normal and icy road conditions to assess rider kinematics and potential injuries. The results from this study can help in designing road barriers and guard systems in order to protect the occupants of cars and motorcycles. The results from the parametric study indicate a significant difference on the motorcycle and rider kinematics when compared the icy road conditions to normal road conditions. It is also observed that the head injury risk is the major mode of injury in motorcycle accident.
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Klaylee, Jirawan, Pawinee Iamtrakul, and Virach Sornlertlamvanich. "Identification of Suburban Motorcycle Traffic Accident Hotspots Using GIS-Based Spatial Analysis." In 2022 10th International Conference on Traffic and Logistic Engineering (ICTLE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictle55577.2022.9902103.

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Alimbuyog, Rachael A., Jennifer C. Dela Cruz, and Rovenson V. Sevilla. "Development of Motorcycle Data Logging System with Visual Basic Data Simulation for Accident Analysis." In 2017 IEEE 9th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM ). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hnicem.2017.8269482.

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Fries, Thomas R., Keith M. Cronrath, and Jay R. Smith. "Motorcycle and Semi Truck Accident Reconstruction - A Case Study of Human Factors and Avoidability Analysis." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/890733.

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Rashid, Helmi, Muhammad Izzat Nor Ma’arof, Abdul Rahman Omar, Sukarnur Che Abdullah, and Roseleena Jaafar. "Evolution of a New Adjustable Motorcycle Test Rig for Measuring Motorcyclist Fatigue during Prolonged Riding." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100663.

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Studies concerning motorcycle have been an overwhelming area of research interest since the past few years. This trend of studies focuses on many issues relating to motorcycle including design, safety, accident preventions, fatalities statistics, ergonomics and many more. In performing these studies, researchers have used many methodologies, tools and also equipment in acquiring their data. In this study, the evolution of a new adjustable motorcycle test rig is introduced. Combination of computer aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA) software made it possible to design and simulates the test rig’s conceptual design before being fabricated. The test rig was designed to provide full adjustability for researchers to replicate established motorcyclist riding postures based on the Riding Posture Classification (RIPOC) system. The test rig setup also provides elements of environmental effects to give a more real riding experience and better fidelity to motorcyclist respondents during experiments. By having such test rig that is coupled with electronic data logger and telemetry devices, studies concerning riding postures and fatigue can be done in a much proper method and controlled experimental setup with better safety for both the respondents and researchers. Adjustable attributes provided on the test rig makes it a unique design of its own and is being patented to protect the author’s Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) on the test rig design.
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Tchako, Abraham, and Ali M. Sadegh. "Instability Analysis of a Cervical Spine Model Under Flexion and Compression Loading." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/bed-23041.

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Abstract An improved and detailed 3-D FE model of human cervical spine was created using digitized geometric measurement. The model was validated with the in-vivo studies of Moroney, Panjabi and Fuller. Clinical instability of the spine for two cases involving flexion and compression loading (simulating injuries in motorcycle vaulting, football and diving accidents) were analyzed. The instability was based on the check list of Panjabi and White. It was determined that flexion moment of 10 Nm or compressive force of 500N result in the onset of clinical instability.
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Zhang, Liying, King H. Yang, and Albert I. King. "A Proposed New Brain Injury Tolerance for Minor Traumatic Brain Injury." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/amd-25446.

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Abstract Traumatic brain injuries constitute a significant portion of injury resulting from automotive collisions, motorcycle crashes, and sports collisions. Brain injuries not only represent a serious trauma for those involved but also place an enormous burden on society, often exacting a heavy economical, social, and emotional price. Development of intervention strategies to prevent or minimize these injuries requires a complete understanding of injury mechanism, response and tolerance level. In this study, an attempt is made to delineate actual injury causation and establish a meaningful injury criterion through the use of the actual field accident data. Twenty-four actual field head-to-head collisions that occurred in professional football games were duplicated using a validated finite element human head model. The injury predictors and injury levels were analyzed based on resulting brain tissue responses and were correlated with the site and occurrence of MTBI. Prediction indicated that the shear deformation around the brainstem region could be an injury predictor for concussion. Statistical analyses were performed to establish the new brain injury tolerance level and to further reduce brain injury severity.
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Nakamura, Takahisa, and Yohsuke Yoshioka. "Effectiveness of Bollards in Deterring Pedestrians from Running into the Roadway." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002443.

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Bollards are poles that are placed at the intersection of a roadway and a sidewalk to prevent vehicles from entering. They are mainly installed to alert motorists and are rarely used to control pedestrians. However, given their morphological characteristics, bollards should be able to play a role in physically and psychologically controlling pedestrian behavior.This study focuses on the deterrent effect of bollards on pedestrians, preventing them from running into the roadway. We have developed an experimental method to reproduce situations where people are likely to run into the roadway using immersive virtual environment technology. It was difficult to quantitatively analyze the behavioral characteristics of such situations using conventional methods. In addition, we conducted experiments on subjects using the developed experimental method to verify the effect of linearly placed bollards on pedestrians to deter them from running into the roadway. This study aims to obtain knowledge that will help improve the environment and prevent accidents caused by pedestrians walking into the roadway.A total of ten students (seven men and three women) participated in the experiment. The subject experienced the virtual environment through the head-mounted display (HMD). Wireless intercommunication allows the subject to move freely in the virtual environment, and the specification of the experimental route can be changed according to the subject's location information. The experimental route consisted of a series of bends and T-intersections. The area at the end of the T-intersection was divided into a sidewalk and a roadway. A red ball moving at 1.7m/s was presented in this experimental route. The ball randomly entered or did not enter the roadway beyond the T-intersection. We had subjects chase a red ball and induced them to run into the roadway.A total of 16 conditions were set by combining four variables: the presence of bollards (bollards or no bollards), the presence of a motorcycle (motorcycle or no motorcycle), a ball rolling into the roadway (entry, no entry), and ball height (0.1m, 1.4m). We analyzed the change in speed and location information when the subjects ran into the roadway. In analyzing the experimental data, three analysis items were defined: "maximum deceleration," which indicates the degree of deceleration in front of the bollard, "deceleration point," which is the distance between the bollard and the position where the maximum deceleration occurred, and "safety check rate," which is the rate of head movement to pay attention to the surroundings. As a result of the verification, the following findings were obtained. The linear arrangement of bollards between the roadway and the sidewalk reduces the speed of movement in the direction of running from the sidewalk onto the roadway. The preceding effect was more strongly confirmed in the group of subjects who did not run onto the roadway. These results suggest that it is possible to encourage people to slow down by making the bollards visible from a distance.
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