Academic literature on the topic 'Motor vehicles Speed Mathematical models'
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Journal articles on the topic "Motor vehicles Speed Mathematical models"
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Na, Liu. "MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF HYBRID VEHICLE’S RECUPERATION BRAKING MODE." Management of Development of Complex Systems, no. 44 (November 30, 2020): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2412-9933.2020.44.182-187.
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The paper considers the synthesis of mathematical model of recuperation braking mode for hybrid vehicle as a complex control object. The results of computer simulation as diagrams of transients of different operating parameters of hybrid vehicle power system are obtained on the basis of developed model. The analysis of simulation results confirms the adequacy of the mathematic model of the recuperation braking mode of hybrid vehicle to real processes. The developed model can be used for synthesis of automatic control systems of the electric motors, power converters, power supplies and chargers for hybrid vehicles. Hematical and simulation models of the hybrid vehicle’s recuperation braking mode is carried out. The presented models are based on equations of physics of processes and allow to study the recuperation braking mode of the different types hybrid vehicles under various conditions and parameters values (initial linear vehicle’s speed, electrical power of generator, inclination angle and the quality of the road surface, etc.). The designed mathematical model has a rather high adequacy to the real processes, which take place in the hybrid vehicles in the recuperation braking mode, that is confirmed by the obtained simulation results in the form of graphs of transients of the main variables changes. Further research should be conducted towards the development of the functional structures, control devices as well as software and hardware for automatic control systems of the different types hybrid vehicles on the basis of the obtained mathematical and simulation models.
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POSPELOV, PAVEL I., ALEXANDER G. TATASHEV, ALEXEY V. TERENTYEV, MARIA Yu KARELINA, and MARINA V. YASHINA. "BARTLETT FLOWS AND MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF MOTOR TRAFFIC FLOWS." H&ES Research 13, no. 6 (2021): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2409-5419-2021-13-6-34-41.
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Introduction: The class of mathematical traffic models is based on the theory of queuing. In these models, the application entering the service system corresponds to the vehicle. When developing a traffic model formulated in terms of queuing, it is necessary to specify a random flow that is incoming to the queuing system. The purpose of the study: Traditional queuing systems with recurrent incoming flow under appropriate conditions do not reflect the specific features of real traffic flows. Under certain conditions, for example, it may be appropriate to use a Markov-type flow in the model, the intensity of which depends on the state of a mathematical object called the control device. In the general case, such a flow can be specified as non-uniform, and with such a task, each request is assigned a type that also depends on the state of the control device. Setting the qualitative structure and parameters of a random flow depends on the assessment of the speed characteristics of the vehicles that form the flow, and, therefore, is related to the issues of studying the speed characteristics of real vehicles. Practical significance: At a sufficiently low density of the traffic flow, the incoming flow is close to the Poisson one. As traffic increases and road conditions worsen, the risk of overtaking increases and clusters are formed, consisting of a slow car moving in front and a group of fast cars that cannot overtake a slow one. In such cases, we can assume that the incoming flow is a Bartlett flow, which has the following form: clusters form a Poisson flow, and the cluster length distribution is a two-parameter Bartlett distribution. One of the parameters of this distribution is the probability of having a group of fast cars, and the second parameter characterizes the distribution of the number of cars in this group. Discussion: In this paper, we study the questions of setting a qualitative probabilistic structure and quantitative parameters of random flows, which are elements of queuing systems used as traffic models.
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Karelina, Maria Yu, Pavel I. Pospelov, Yuri V. Trofimenko, Alexey V. Terentyev, Alexander G. Tatashev, and Marina V. Yashina. "Mathematical models for traffic flows on highways with intersections and junctions." T-Comm 15, no. 11 (2021): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-11-61-68.
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Mathematical models of motor traffic flow on highway sections on highway sections near intersections or flow segregation sections are considered. In these models, the particles corresponding to motor vehicles move according to probabilistic rules along a cellular field that moves at a constant speed in the direction coinciding with the direction of movement of the particles. A cell field consists of sequences of cells. Each such sequence corresponds to a lane on the highway. The time scale in the model is discrete or continuous. The model is a dynamic system with a discrete state space and discrete or continuous time. The mathematical description of the model can also be presented in terms of a cellular automaton or a random process with prohibitions. At any given time, there is no more than one particle in each cell. With each movement, the particle either moves one cell in the direction of movement, or moves to the next lane, or remains in place. The speed of the traffic flow on the highway section corresponds to the sum of the set speed of the cell field and the average speed of the particles relative to the field. The studied characteristics are the speed of the traffic flow, its intensity and the probability of successful rebuilding of the vehicle on the considered section of the highway. When setting the parameters of the model, data from measurements of the characteristics of traffic flows on highways are used. Analytical approaches have been developed to evaluate the studied characteristics. Computer programs have been created to implement the developed calculation algorithms. The results of calculations are given.
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TURCANU, Alexandru, and Leonard Călin Valentin DOBRE. "MODELAREA ÎN MATLAB/SIMULINK A FUNCȚIONĂRII UNUI VEHICUL ELECTRIC ÎN DIFERITE CICLURI DE ACȚIONARE." "ACTUALITĂŢI ŞI PERSPECTIVE ÎN DOMENIUL MAŞINILOR ELECTRICE (ELECTRIC MACHINES, MATERIALS AND DRIVES - PRESENT AND TRENDS)" 2020, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36801/apme.2020.1.3.
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Through this paper, we want to improve the methods of dynamic design of electric vehicles, by creating simulation models in Simulink. The models are represented by simulation schemes that consist of blocks of mathematical operators, interconnected based on mathematical calculation formulas. The initial input sizes, specified in Table 1, can be easily modified, giving the possibility to obtain several models for different design ideas. The results of the simulations are materialized in graphical diagrams and provide virtual time data on vehicle speed, acceleration, engine torque, wheel power, energy consumed, and distance traveled. In the first simulation scheme, the input variable shows a motor torque generator with values between 0-132 Nm. In the second simulation scheme, the input variable is speed, according to the ECE-15 urban cycle scenario.
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Zhai, Rongjie, Ping Xiao, Rongyun Zhang, and Jinyong Ju. "In-wheel motor control system used by four-wheel drive electric vehicle based on whale optimization algorithm-proportional–integral–derivative control." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 14, no. 6 (June 2022): 168781322211045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878132221104574.
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Aiming to more accurately control the wheel speed of an electric vehicle (EV) driven by four in-wheel motors, a developed whale optimization algorithm-proportional–integral–derivative (KW-WOA-PID) control algorithm is proposed herein. In this study, mathematical and simulation models are built for EVs by analyzing the mechanical structures of EVs driven by four in-wheel motors. Simulations are conducted, and the driving and control requirements for the in-wheel motors are obtained. Then, mathematical and simulation models are built for a specific in-wheel motor. The whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is optimized by kent mapping and the adaptive weight coefficient to improve the ability of the algorithm to jump out of the local optimum and the convergence speed and convergence accuracy of WOA. Then the further simulations are conducted. The simulation results display that the maximum overshoot and adjustment time of the motor under KW-WOA-PID control are significantly optimized. Then, a speed-control bench test system is built for the in-wheel motor, and real-life experiments were conducted. The experimental results verify that KW-WOA-PID has higher control accuracy and a better response performance; accordingly, the developed control algorithm can meet driving requirements. The handling stability of EVs is effectively improved by controlling the motor speed.
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Ilyanov, S. V., N. A. Kuzmin, and G. V. Borisov. "EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF FUEL CONSUMPTIONS CONSIDERING THE SPEEDS OF CITY BUSES." Intelligence. Innovations. Investment, no. 3 (2021): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2021-3-72.
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At the moment, there is a large number of dissertations and scientific works covering the issues of traction-speed and fuel-economic characteristics of vehicles, the results of which are presented in the form of: regression models, approximating dependencies, mathematical models based on multivariate analysis, including a number of additional coefficients. In this connection, the use of the results of these works in practice is limited, since it requires high qualifications of the МTЕ personnel and the use of special software and hardware. At the same time, at the department “Automobile transport” NSTU named after R. E. Alekseev developed a probabilistic-analytical method for predicting fuel consumption by road trains, considering the high-speed mode of movement, which shows a high convergence of results with actual average speeds only for uniform movement of buses with a constant average speed, which is not applicable to the assessment of fuel consumption of city buses. Based on the hypothesis put forward on the applicability of the Weibull-Gnedenko distribution for calculating the average speeds of city buses and the normal distribution for calculating accelerations during movement, the tasks of this study are formulated, expressed in the development of mathematical models reflecting the dependences of speeds and accelerations during bus movement in urban operating conditions, for planning their fuel consumption. To solve the set tasks, the following experimental studies were carried out: determination of the average coefficient of total road resistance; the actual distribution of speeds and accelerations when driving city buses; determination of the average actual value of fuel consumption when the bus is moving and when idle at stopping points. Based on the results of processing experimental studies, the possibility of using the Weibull-Gnedenko law to describe the actual speeds in urban conditions and the normal law to describe accelerations when driving city buses was confirmed, which allows planning fuel consumption using the analytical apparatus of the theory of probability and mathematical statistics and using the developed methodology in practice of motor transport enterprises. Based on experimental studies and theoretical studies in this area, an analytical method for planning fuel consumption for city buses, considering the speed of their movement, has been developed, which allows planning fuel consumption without additional experiments. Carrying out such studies for other types of motor vehicles and assessing unaccounted for indicators of road, transport and natural-climatic operating conditions will create a generalized analytical method for planning fuel consumption by vehicles in various operating conditions.
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Ibrar, A., S. Ahmad, A. Safdar, and N. Haroon. "Efficiency enhancement strategy implementation in hybrid electric vehicles using sliding mode control." Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 1 (January 4, 2023): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2023.1.02.
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Introduction. Hybrid electric vehicles are offering the most economically viable choices in today's automotive industry, providing best solutions for a very high fuel economy and low rate of emissions. The rapid progress and development of this industry has prompted progress of human beings from primitive level to a very high industrial society where mobility used to be a fundamental need. However, the use of large number of automobiles is causing serious damage to our environment and human life. At present most of the vehicles are relying on burning of hydrocarbons in order to achieve power of propulsion to drive wheels. Therefore, there is a need to employ clean and efficient vehicles like hybrid electric vehicles. Unfortunately, earlier control strategies of series hybrid electric vehicle fail to include load disturbances during the vehicle operation and some of the variations of the nonlinear parameters (e.g. stator’s leakage inductance, resistance of winding etc.). The novelty of the proposed work is based on designing and implementing two robust sliding mode controllers (SMCs) on series hybrid electric vehicle to improve efficiency in terms of both speed and torque respectively. The basic idea is to let the engine operate only when necessary keeping in view the state of charge of battery. Purpose. In proposed scheme, both performance of engine and generator is being controlled, one sliding mode controllers is controlling engine speed and the other one is controlling generator torque, and results are then compared using 1-SMC and 2-SMC’s. Method. The series hybrid electric vehicle powertrain considered in this work consists of a battery bank and an engine-generator set which is referred to as the auxiliary power unit, traction motor, and power electronic circuits to drive the generator and traction motor. The general strategy is based on the operation of the engine in its optimal efficiency region by considering the battery state of charge. Results .Mathematical models of engine and generator were taken into consideration in order to design sliding mode controllers both for engine speed and generator torque control. Vehicle was being tested on standard cycle. Results proved that, instead of using only one controller for engine speed, much better results are achieved by simultaneously using two sliding mode controllers, one controlling engine speed and other controlling generator torque.
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Li, Junmin, and Ren He. "Multidriving Modes and Control Strategies of a Dual-Rotor In-Wheel Motor Applied in Electric Vehicle." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (September 26, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4970238.
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To overcome the shortcomings and limited applications of the traditional in-wheel motor applied practically in electric vehicles, a novel dual-rotor in-wheel motor (DRIWM) was proposed, which has three driving modes and can meet the operating requirements of electric vehicle under different driving conditions. Based on the principle of minimum energy consumption, the torque distribution strategy was presented to obtain the optimal torque distribution of the inner and outer motors under different working points, and the driving modes were also divided. Using the models built in Matlab/Simulink, the operating characteristics of the DRIWM under certain conditions were simulated. The results show that the id = 0 vector control strategy based on sliding mode speed controller is applicable to the drive control for the DRIWM. When the vehicle is coupled to drive on three ramps with the grade of 10%, 15%, and 20% at a constant speed, the power consumption of the driving system with the adoption of optimized torque distribution strategy reduces by 2.2%, 1.7%, and 4.5%, respectively, compared with nonoptimized strategy. Furthermore, the three driving modes can switch freely with the operating condition changes in the vehicle under a standard driving cycle. Simultaneously, the inner and outer motors work with high efficiency.
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Qin, Jiaying, Sasa Ma, Lei Zhang, Qianling Wang, and Guoce Feng. "Modeling and Simulation for Non-Motorized Vehicle Flow on Road Based on Modified Social Force Model." Mathematics 11, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11010170.
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Non-motorized vehicles have become one of the most commonly used means of transportation for people due to their advantages of low carbon, environmental protection, convenience and safety. Frequent interaction among non-motorized vehicle users in the shared space will bring security risks to their movement. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt appropriate means to evaluate the traffic efficiency and safety of non-motorized vehicle users in the passage, and using a micro model to conduct simulation evaluation is one of the effective methods. However, some existing micro simulation models oversimplify the behavior of non-motorized vehicle users, and cannot reproduce the dynamic interaction process between them. This paper proposes a modified social force model to simulate the dynamic interaction behaviors between non-motorized vehicle users on the road. Based on the social force model, a new behavioral force is introduced to reflect the three dynamic interaction behaviors of non motor vehicle users, namely, free movement, following and overtaking. Non-motorized vehicle users choose which behavior is determined by the introduced decision model. In this way, the rule-based behavior decision model is combined with the force based method to simulate the movement of non-motorized vehicles on the road. The modified model is calibrated using 1534 non-motorized vehicle trajectories collected from a road in Xi’an, Shaanxi, China. The validity of the model is verified by analyzing the speed distribution and decision-making process of non-motorized vehicles, and comparing the simulation results of different models. The effects of the number of bicycles and the speed of electric vehicles on the flow of non-motorized vehicles are simulated and analyzed by using the calibrated model. The relevant results can provide a basis for urban management and road design.
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Ciulin, Dan. "Contributions to a Future Inertial Motor and More." International Journal of Strategic Information Technology and Applications 4, no. 1 (January 2013): 63–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jsita.2013010105.
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For a future interplanetary trip, a space ship must be able to take off and/or land on a planet and travel at a convenient speed, insure convenient life conditions for the embarked crew, and keep contact with Earth. Chemical jet-engines used for the space ships must throw masses with enough speed to insure a convenient lifting force. Ion jet-engines, which have a much bigger jet-speed than chemical, may work for a longer time but the resulting force is small and cannot insure the take off and/or landing on a planet. A future inertial motor does not need to throw masses but needs only energy to produce the necessary lifting force. The paper presents contributions to build such a motor. As on a given vehicle, mainly rotations may be done to insure its propulsion, we start by presenting generally the rotations, at first for the electronic devices and then for mechanical one Methods that may convert the rotation into translation are after presented. Observing that the mathematical models used for rotations are extended from trigonometric functions to elliptical and ultra-elliptical ones, the author presents the differential equations that define such functions. Finally, using the modified Euler equations, a mathematical model for the gravitational waves is deduced. By using this type of waves, a permanent contact between an interplanetary ship and the earth can be kept. The presented tools may be used for modeling the fields and insure also a more comprehensive understanding.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Motor vehicles Speed Mathematical models"
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Elgayar, Ibrahim. "Mathematical modelling, flight control system design and air flow control investigation for low speed UAVs." Thesis, City University London, 2013. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/2737/.
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The demand for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has increased dramatically in the last decade from reconnaissance missions to attack roles. As their missions become more complex, advances in endurance and manoeuvrability become crucial. Due to the advances in material fabrication, wing morphing can be seen as an ideal solution for UAVs to provide improvements by overcoming the weight drawback. This thesis investigates the area of aircraft design and simulation for low speed UAVs looking at performance enhancements techniques for low speed UAVs, and their effects on the aerodynamic capabilities of the wing. The focus is on both suitable control design and wing morphing techniques based on current research findings. The low speed UAV X-RAE1 is used as the test bed for this investigation and is initially analytically presented as three dimensional body where the equations relate to the forces and moments acting on the UAV. A linearised model for straight flight at different velocities is implemented and validated against a non-linear model. Simulations showed the X-RAE1 to have acceptable stability properties over the design operating range. Control design techniques, linear quadratic regulators (LQR) and H-infinity optimisation with Loop Shaping Design Procedure (LSDP), are used to design simple control schemes for linearised longitudinal model of the X-RAE1 UAV at different velocities. The effectiveness and limitations of the two design methods show that both designs are very fast, with settling times 2-3 seconds in the height response and remarkably low variation of the results at different velocities. Computational fluid dynamics is then used to investigate and simulate the impact of introducing smart effector arrays on a UAV. The smart effector array produces a form of active flow control by providing localised flow field changes. These induced changes have direct impact on the aerodynamic forces and showed a substantial increase of lift at low angles of attack. There was also a significant increase to the lift to drag ratio at high angles of attack which resulted to a delay in stall.
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Knight, Peter Robin. "Artificial intelligence and mathematical models for intelligent management of aircraft data." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/355717/.
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Increasingly, large volumes of aircraft data are being recorded in an effort to adapt aircraft maintenance procedures from being time-based towards condition-based techniques. This study uses techniques of artificial intelligence and develops mathematical models to analyse this data to enable improvements to be made in aircraft management, affordability, availability, airworthiness and performance. In addition, it highlights the need to assess the integrity of data before further analysis and presents the benefits of fusing all relevant data sources together. The research effort consists of three separate investigations that were undertaken and brought together in order to provide a unified set of methods aimed at providing a safe, reliable, effective and efficient overall procedure. The three investigations are: 1. The management of helicopter Health Usage Monitoring System (HUMS) Condition Indicators (CIs) and their analysis, using a number of techniques, including adaptive thresholds and clustering. These techniques were applied to millions of CI values from Chinook HUMS data. 2. The identification of fixed-wing turbojet engine performance degradation, using anomaly detection techniques, applied to thousands of in-service engine runs from Tornado aircraft. 3. The creation of models to identify unusual aircraft behaviour, such as uncommanded flight control movements. Two Chinook helicopter systems were modelled and the models were applied to over seven hundred in-service flights. In each case, the existing techniques were directed toward a condition-based maintenance approach, giving improved detection and earlier warning of faults.
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Ierardi, James A. "A computer model of fire spread from engine to passenger compartments in post-collision vehicles." Link to electronic version, 1999. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-052499-135914/unrestricted/thesis.pdf.
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Guzzomi, Andrew Louis. "Torsional vibration of powertrains : an investigation of some common assumptions." University of Western Australia. School of Mechanical Engineering, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0032.
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The area of powertrain dynamics has received considerable attention over a number of years. The recent introduction of more stringent emission requirements together with economic pressure has led to a particular focus on increasing powertrain efficiency. This has seen the incorporation of on-board, real-time measurements to predict system behaviour and engine condition. In this domain, accurate models for all powertrain components are important. One strategy to improve accuracy is to evaluate the assumptions made when deriving each model and then to address the simplifications that may introduce large errors. To this end, the aim of the work presented in this dissertation was to investigate the consequences of some of the more common assumptions and simplifications made in low frequency torsional powertrain models, and to propose improved models where appropriate. In particular, the effects of piston-tocylinder friction, crank/gudgeon pin offset, and the torsional behaviour of tyres were studied. Frequency and time domain models were used to investigate system behaviour and model predictions were compared with measurements on a small single cylinder engine. All time domain engine and powertrain models also include a variable inertia function for each reciprocating mechanism. It was found that piston-to-cylinder friction can increase the apparent inertia variation of a single reciprocating engine mechanism. This has implications for the nonlinear behaviour of engines and the drivetrains they are connected to. The effect of crank/gudgeon pin offset also modified the nonlinear behaviour of the mechanism. Though, for typical (small) gudgeon offset values these effects are small. However, for large offset values, achievable practically with crank offset, the modification to the nonlinear behaviour should not be ignored. The low frequency torsional damping properties of a small pneumatic tyre were found to be more accurately represented as hysteretic rather than viscous. Time domain modelling was then used to extend the results to a multi-cylinder engine powertrain and was achieved using the Time Domain Receptance (TDR) method. Various powertrain component TDRs were developed using Laplacians. Powertrain simulations showed that piston-to-cylinder friction can provide additional excitation to the system.
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Pedchote, C. "Parameter estimation for non-linear systems: an application to vehicle dynamics." Thesis, Engineering Systems Department, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3896.
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This work presents an investigation into the parameter estimation of suspension
components and the vertical motions of wheeled vehicles from experimental data. The
estimation problems considered were for suspension dampers, a single wheel station and
a full vehicle.
Using conventional methods (gradient-based (GB), Downhill Simplex (DS)) and
stochastic methods (Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolution (DE)), three
major problems were encountered. These were concerned with the ability and consistency
of finding the global optimum solution, time consumption in the estimation process, and
the difficulties in setting the algorithm's control parameters. To overcome these
problems, a new technique named the discrete variable Hybrid Differential Evolution
(dvHDE) method is presented.
The new dvHDE method employs an integer-encoding technique and treats all
parameters involved in the same unified way as discrete variables, and embeds two
mechanisms that can be used to deal with convergence difficulties and reduce the time
consumed in the optimisation process. The dvHDE algorithm has been validated against
the conventional GB, DS and DE techniques and was shown to be more efficient and
effective in all but the simplest cases. Its robustness was demonstrated by its application
to a number of vehicle related problems of increasing complexity. These include case
studies involving parameter estimation using experimental data from tests on automotive
dampers, a single wheel station and a full vehicle. The investigation has shown that the
proposed dvHDE method, when compared to the other methods, was the best for finding
the global optimum solutions in a short time. It is recommended for nonlinear vehicle
suspension models and other similar systems.
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Pedchote, Chamnarn. "Parameter estimation for non-linear systems : an application to vehicle dynamics." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2003. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/3896.
Full textAbstract:
This work presents an investigation into the parameter estimation of suspension components and the vertical motions of wheeled vehicles from experimental data. The estimation problems considered were for suspension dampers, a single wheel station and a full vehicle. Using conventional methods (gradient-based (GB), Downhill Simplex (DS)) and stochastic methods (Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolution (DE)), three major problems were encountered. These were concerned with the ability and consistency of finding the global optimum solution, time consumption in the estimation process, and the difficulties in setting the algorithm's control parameters. To overcome these problems, a new technique named the discrete variable Hybrid Differential Evolution (dvHDE) method is presented. The new dvHDE method employs an integer-encoding technique and treats all parameters involved in the same unified way as discrete variables, and embeds two mechanisms that can be used to deal with convergence difficulties and reduce the time consumed in the optimisation process. The dvHDE algorithm has been validated against the conventional GB, DS and DE techniques and was shown to be more efficient and effective in all but the simplest cases. Its robustness was demonstrated by its application to a number of vehicle related problems of increasing complexity. These include case studies involving parameter estimation using experimental data from tests on automotive dampers, a single wheel station and a full vehicle. The investigation has shown that the proposed dvHDE method, when compared to the other methods, was the best for finding the global optimum solutions in a short time. It is recommended for nonlinear vehicle suspension models and other similar systems.
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Hallmark, Shauna L. "Analysis and prediction of individual vehicle activity for microscopic traffic modeling." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20736.
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Johnson, Lynne Alison. "Modelling particle emissions from traffic flows." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000.
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MacFarlane, Gregory Stuart. "Using big data to model travel behavior: applications to vehicle ownership and willingness-to-pay for transit accessibility." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51804.
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The transportation community is exploring how new "big'' databases constructed by companies or public administrative agencies can be used to better understand travelers' behaviors and better predict travelers' responses to various transportation policies. This thesis explores how a large targeted marketing database containing information about individuals’ socio-demographic characteristics, current residence attributes, and previous residential locations can be used to investigate research questions related to individuals' transportation preferences and the built environment. The first study examines how household vehicle ownership may be shaped by, or inferred from, previous behavior. Results show that individuals who have previously lived in dense ZIP codes or ZIP codes with more non-automobile commuting options are more likely to own fewer vehicles, all else equal. The second study uses autoregressive models that control for spatial dependence, correlation, and endogeneity to
investigate whether investments in public transit infrastructure are associated
with higher home values. Results show that willingness-to-pay estimates obtained from the general spatial Durbin model are less certain than comparable estimates obtained through ordinary least squares. The final study develops an empirical framework to examine a housing market's resilience to price volatility as a function of transportation accessibility. Two key modeling frameworks are considered. The first uses a spatial autoregressive model to investigate the relationship between a home's value, appreciation, and price stability while controlling for endogenous missing regressors. The second uses a latent class model that considers all these attributes simultaneously, but cannot control for endogeneity.
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Patton, Chris. "Development of vehicle dynamics tools for motorsports." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/37361.
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In this dissertation, a group of vehicle dynamics simulation tools is developed with two primary goals: to accurately represent vehicle behavior and to provide insight that improves the understanding of vehicle performance. Three tools are developed that focus on tire modeling, vehicle modeling and lap time simulation.
Tire modeling is based on Nondimensional Tire Theory, which is extended to provide a flexible model structure that allows arbitrary inputs to be included. For example, rim width is incorporated as a continuous variable in addition to vertical load, inclination angle and inflation pressure. Model order is determined statistically and only significant effects are included. The fitting process is shown to provide satisfactory fits while fit parameters clearly demonstrate characteristic behavior of the tire.
To represent the behavior of a complete vehicle, a Nondimensional Tire Model is used, along with a three degree of freedom vehicle model, to create Milliken Moment Diagrams (MMD) at different speeds, longitudinal accelerations, and under various yaw rate conditions. In addition to the normal utility of MMDs for understanding vehicle performance, they are used to develop Limit Acceleration Surfaces that represent the longitudinal, lateral and yaw acceleration limits of the vehicle.
Quasi-transient lap time simulation is developed that simulates the performance of a vehicle on a predetermined path based on the Limit Acceleration Surfaces described above. The method improves on the quasi-static simulation method by representing yaw dynamics and indicating the vehicle's stability and controllability over the lap. These improvements are accomplished while maintaining the simplicity and computational efficiency of the two degree of freedom method.Graduation date: 2013
Books on the topic "Motor vehicles Speed Mathematical models"
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Swift, Adrian. An analysis of coastdown data. Palmerston North, N.Z: Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics, Massey University, 1989.
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1949-, Dhareshwar Ashok M., and Lima, Paulo Roberto S. Rezende, 1944-, eds. Vehicle speeds and operating costs: Models for road planning and management. Baltimore: Published for the World Bank [by] Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987.
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3
Schoepflin, Todd Nelson. Algorithms for estimating mean vehicle speed using uncalibrated traffic management cameras. [Olympia, Wash.]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 2003.
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Mendis, Kolita. Finite element crash models of motor vehicles. McLean, Va: Federal Highway Administration, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, 1995.
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Motor vehicle dynamics: Modeling and simulation. Singapore: World Scientific, 1997.
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Bogumil, Veniamin, and Sarango Duke. Telematics on urban passenger transport. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1819882.
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The monograph discusses the application of telematics in dispatch control systems in urban passenger transport. The role of telematics as a technological basis in automating the solution of control tasks, accounting and analysis of the volume and quality of transport work in modern dispatch control systems on urban passenger transport is shown. Analytical models have been developed to estimate the capacity of a high-speed bus transportation system on a dedicated line. Mathematical models and algorithms for predicting passenger vehicle interior filling at critical stages of urban passenger transport routes are presented. The issues of application of the concept of the phase space of states introduced by the authors to assess the quality of the passenger transportation process on the route of urban passenger transport are described. The developed classification of service levels and their application in order to inform passengers at stopping points about the degree of filling of the passenger compartment of the arriving vehicle is described. The material is based on the results of theoretical research and practical work on the creation and implementation of automated control systems for urban passenger transport in Russian cities. The material of M.H. Duque Sarango's dissertation submitted for the degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences in the specialty 05.22.10 "Operation of motor transport" was used.
It will be useful to specialists in the field of telematics on urban passenger transport.
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Fijałkowski, Bogdan. Modele matematyczne wybranych lotniczych i motoryzacyjnych mechano-elektro-termicznych dyskretnych nadsystemów dynamicznych. Kraków: Politechnika Krakowska im. Tadeusza Kościuszki, 1987.
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International Federation of Automobile Engineers' and Technicians' Associations. International Congress. Total vehicle dynamics: Technical papers : XXIV FISITA Congress, 7-11 June, 1992, London : automotive technology serving society. London: published by Mechanical Engineering Publications Ltd. for the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1992.
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Richmond, Paul W. Motion resistance of wheeled vehicles in snow. [Hanover, N.H.]: U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 1995.
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Nalecz, Andrzej G. Development and analysis of intermediate tripped vehicle rollover model (ITRS). Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1989.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Motor vehicles Speed Mathematical models"
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Trivedi, Ikshita, Abhishek Singh, Amit Katare, Vikram Saini, and Ankit Tiwari. "Comparative Study of Speed Control of Brushless DC Motor." In SCRS Proceedings of International Conference of Undergraduate Students, 19–26. Soft Computing Research Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52458/978-81-95502-01-1-3.
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This paper presents a comparative study on speed control of brushless DC motors, which has wide applications in electrical vehicles, manufacturing plants, aerospace, etc. Initially, the proportional controller is implemented using the developed mathematical model of BLDC motor. Then, the PID and PII controllers are implemented with speed as their returning path to increase the performance of speed control. The optimum values of PID and PII parameters are evaluated using performance index-based constrained optimization. The integral square error is used as a performance index to form the objective function. The objective function is evaluated for different values of parameters using non-linear constrained optimization. The performance is further increased by introducing variable parameters using neural network-based gain scheduling control. The neural network-based control offers better properties such as low overshoot and provides lower susceptibility to parameter variations. To show the effectiveness of the presented approach, extensive simulations are carried out in a MATLAB environment.
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Yuan, Donghui, Jiancai Di, and Xiaopeng Lü. "Evaluation Technology of Service Life of Electrical Cables Based on Arrhenius Model." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220507.
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The electric cable is one of the most important materials in the high speed train, accurate service life directly affects the safety of the operation of the motor car group and the operating cost of the vehicle. Due to the importance of cable life assessment, based on Arrhenius model, this paper evaluates the service life of the cable. First, the mathematical model of Arrehenius is deduced, at the same time in order to solve the problem to facilitate the corresponding simplification, the parameters of the model were obtained by the least square method. Finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by the accelerated thermal aging test of the cable.
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Ciulin, Dan. "About Gravitational (Inertial) Motors." In Advances in Business Information Systems and Analytics, 90–126. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1680-4.ch005.
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A gravitational motor interact with the locally gravitational field in order to produce a linear and/or rotational thrust able to move in space a given vehicle. The big advantages of such a motor are the facts that it can be used for nearly any kind of vehicle, even in free space, and may be placed inside the vehicle as the necessary interactions with the environment are realized through gravitational fields but not by direct mechanical interaction as for actual motors used for vehicles. Generally, in mechanics a physical motor may be considered as a ‘transducer' between some input (equivalent) energy existing on a vehicle and the output (equivalent) obtained movement of this vehicle. For space treks, such a motor must be able to ensure the take-off and/or landing of a space vehicle on any given planet and carry the entire load corresponding to this vehicle including also the necessary energy sources and eventually a human crew. By analogy with the Levitron toy the atomic particles, and the maglev such motor may be built. The paper presents some ideas and mathematical models that may help to build such a gravitational motor. It starts by presenting the energy based differential equations that have as solution analytic complex exponential functions, elliptic and ultra-elliptic functions adding also a physical interpretation of their coefficients. Forces and torques in mechanic and electro mechanic are presented and also methods to obtain such forces using only torques. Based on the modified Euler equations of a gyroscope with an added magnet like for the Levitron toy, an electro-mechanical gravitational motor may be built and a mathematical model for the gravitational waves is also deduced. Maybe, by using this kind of waves, a permanent contact between an interplanetary ship and the earth can be kept. Another kind of inertial motor may be based on the direct transfer of the energy of acoustical and/or ultra-acoustical waves that represents the desired ‘inertia' of a vehicle to this vehicle. This kind of transfer may be realized using convenient acoustical and/or ultra-acoustical 3-D sources. This last method has the advantage that uses no mechanical component in movement and then may lead to a better reliability. Associated with a good and convenient technology that may be developed on the presented bases, all these tools are of most strategic importance. Applications may be found in interplanetary telecommunications and treks but also for a new, more sure and versatile, telecommunications systems and terrestrial vehicles. The presented tools may be used for mathematically modeling the fields and ensure also a more comprehensive understanding.
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Prakash Yadav, Saty, and Amit Kumar Singh. "Performance Analysis of CCS on Inclined Plane using Fuzzy-PID Controller." In Artificial Intelligence and Natural Algorithms, 320–50. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815036091122010020.
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Nowadays, in the automation industries, the Cruise Control System (CCS) is one of the essential aspects, and it is necessary to have a well-designed controller that can suit a new improvement in innovation. The CCS is a very famous and important model in control system engineering. The fundamental objective of CCS is to regulate vehicle speed depending upon the chosen speed. The CCS is an example of a close loop control system. Speedometer is utilized in the feedback path for measurement of the speed. This is a simple model used to solve the many problems of drivers like road accidents, weariness, etc. In this paper, we analyze the performance of different controllers such as Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and the fuzzy-PID (F-PID) controller in the different situations on the road, such as friction, road grad, or angle of inclination to attain the chosen speed of the vehicles. The tuning of PID parameters is done using the method of Ziegler-Nichols, and FLC uses the gaussian Membership Function (MF) in this paper. The MF is a graph that lies between zero and one. It indicates the mapping of every point in the input state and the values of MF. The mathematical model of this system is considers the road grad and the friction. Finally, in this paper, we see the response of models with and without a controller in different situations on the road.
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Baccari, Silvio, Giulio Cammeo, Christian Dufour, Luigi Iannelli, Vincenzo Mungiguerra, Mario Porzio, Gabriella Reale, and Francesco Vasca. "Real-Time Hardware-in-the-Loop in Railway." In Railway Safety, Reliability, and Security, 221–48. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1643-1.ch010.
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The increasing complexity of modern ground vehicles is making crucial the role of control for improving energetic efficiency, comfort and performance. At the same time, the control software must be frequently updated in order to let the vehicle respond safely and efficiently within more sophisticated environments and to optimize the operations when new vehicle components are integrated. In this framework real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulations represent a fundamental tool for supporting the verification and validation processes of the control software and hardware. In this chapter a railway case study will be presented. The mathematical models of the most relevant electromechanical components of the vehicle powertrain are presented: the pantograph connected to an ideal overhead line with continuous voltage; the electrical components of a pre-charge circuit, the line filter and the braking chopper; the three-phase voltage source inverter and the induction motor; and, finally, the mechanical transmission system, including its interactions with the rail. Then the issues related to the real-time simulation of the locomotive components models are discussed, concentrating on challenges related to the stiff nature of the dynamic equations and on their numerical integration by combining field programmable gate array (FPGA) and central processing unit (CPU) boards. The usefulness of the real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulations for the analysis of railway control software will be demonstrated by considering the powertrains of two real metropolitan trains under complex scenarios, i.e., stator winding disconnection of the induction motor, pantograph missing contact, wheel-rail slipping phenomenon.
Conference papers on the topic "Motor vehicles Speed Mathematical models"
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Li, Tianpei, Qadeer Ahmed, Giorgio Rizzoni, Jason Meyer, Mathew Boesch, and Bader Badreddine. "Motor Resolver Fault Propagation Analysis for Electrified Powertrain." In ASME 2017 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2017-5408.
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As an integral part of electrified powertrain, resolver is broadly used to do position and speed sensing for electric motors, subject to different types of resolver faults. This paper investigates the resolver fault propagation in electrified powertrain, with focus on the amplitude imbalance, quadrature imperfection and reference phase shift in the resolver position sensing system. The resolver fault effects in the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) drive system are first analyzed based on the mathematical model of a surface mounted PMSM with direct Field-oriented Control (FOC). Then the resolver fault propagation in the powertrain is studied in terms of two different motor operating conditions, motor torque control and motor speed control. Simulation is done in Matlab/Simulink based on the PMSM drive model and the powertrain-level simulator to verify the fault propagation analyses. The results can be used to help design the resolver fault diagnostic strategy and determine speed matching condition between engine and electric motor for mode transition control in hybrid electric vehicles.
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Zhou, X. X., P. D. Walker, N. Zhang, B. Zhu, and F. Ding. "The Influence of Transmission Ratios Selection on Electric Vehicle Motor Performance." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85906.
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Increasingly electric vehicle design is looking forward the application of multiple ratio transmissions in place of traditional single ratio gearboxes. The choice of gear ratio has significant influence on vehicle performance, including range, acceleration, and gradeability. To study the impact of different transmissions on EV’s dynamic and economic performance, mathematical models of an EV is presented which is applicable to both single and multiple ratio transmissions. These transmission variants are then studied under different operating conditions to investigate how operating conditions in the motor work efficiency change with different transmissions. Here comparisons are made between 2-speed and single speed transmission. Then the reasons for the results are analysed.
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Bin, Y., A. Reama, A. Cela, R. Natowicz, H. Abderrahmane, and Y. Li. "On Fast Dynamic Programming for Power Splitting Control of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles." In ASME 2009 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2009-2716.
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A Fast Dynamic Programming (FDP) algorithm is proposed to optimize the fuel consumption of the Plug-in Hybrid Electronic Vehicles (PHEV) over a prescribed driving cycle. Firstly, an innovative DP mathematical model for PHEV with reduced dimension is created. It composes of a linear state transfer equation and a quadratic cost function with 1×1 dimension. Based on this model, two algorithms expressed as the simple analytic forms are derived. One is the control algorithm for the optimal power splitting ratio (PSR) between the internal combustion engine (ICE) power and demand power. Another is the recursive algorithm to calculate the optimization value of the fuel consumption. Then, the optimal output power of ICE (or electronic motor (EM)) and the optimal speed ratio of the gear position can be calculated rapidly as the consequence of using the algorithms with analytic forms. Finally, the simulation results confirm that the computational efficiency of the FDP control algorithm has been improved with a geometric ratio, while its control performance maintains in an acceptable range in contrast with conventional DP control algorithm.
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Bohach, Garrett, Md Minal Nahin, Eric Severson, and James D. Van de Ven. "Impact of Dynamics on the Losses at Radial Ball Piston Pump Interfaces." In BATH/ASME 2020 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2020-2769.
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Abstract This paper presents a mathematical model of a radial ball piston pump/motor. The specific application of the pump is for direct integration with a high speed electric motor for use in off highway vehicles. The pump/motor must operate across all four quadrants with high flow rates at a low pressure differential. The model captures the major mechanical and volumetric losses within the hydraulic machine with specific attention given to the ball-cylinder interface and the pintle-rotor interface. The leakage and shear at the ball piston interface are dependent on the position of the ball piston in the cylinder; therefore, the dynamics of the ball piston are calculated. The pintle-rotor model includes the port geometry, which influences the flow rates into and out of the pump/motor. Leakage and shear at the interface are dependent on the gap height between the two surfaces; consequently, the model calculates the radial forces acting on the rotor and uses journal bearing theory to predict the eccentricity. This eccentricity balances the other forces and is necessary to determine the interface losses. Lastly, the importance of these dynamics is evaluated to determine which are needed in a future optimization framework. It is shown that considering the dynamics of both interfaces captures significantly more losses and results in a more accurate model than an earlier simplified one.
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Trabia, Mohamed B., Woosoon Yim, Zohaib Rehmat, and Jesse Roll. "Flight Characteristics of Flapping Wing Miniature Air Vehicles With “Figure-8” Spherical Motion." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12427.
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Hummingbirds and some insects exhibit “Figure-8” flapping motion that allows them to go through a variety of maneuvers including hovering. Understanding the flight characteristics of Figure-8 flapping motion can potentially yield the foundation of flapping wing UAVs that can experience similar maneuverability. In this paper, a mathematical model of the dynamic and aerodynamic forces associated with Figure-8 motion generated by a spherical four bar mechanism is developed. For validation, a FWMAV prototype with the wing attached to a coupler point and driven by a DC servo motor is created for experimental testing. Wind tunnel testing is conducted to determine the coefficients of flight and the effects of dynamic stall. The wing is driven at speeds up to 12.25 Hz with results compared to that of the model. The results indicate good correlation between mathematical model and experimental prototype.
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Sun, Chao, Yulong Lei, Xiaofeng Yin, Kexu Chen, Chang Dou, and Xiaohua Wu. "Personalized Intelligent Gearshift Schedule Optimization for Electric Vehicles with AMT Considering Multi-performance and Drivetrain Efficiency." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-adm-007.
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Research and/or Engineering Questions/Objective With the help of automated manual transmission (AMT), the power demand and size of the traction motor of electric vehicles (EVs) could be reduced and such EVs will have more chances to work within the high efficiency area of motor. To further improve the performance and intelligent level of EVs equipped with AMT, the drivability, energy economy and driver’s performance expectation need to be considered together, and meanwhile, the efficiency of the motor and the gearbox should be taken into account. This investigation aims to optimize the gearshift schedule for EVs considering multi-performance, driver’s intention and efficiency of the whole drivetrain. Methodology An efficiency model of the drivetrain including the traction motor and the gearbox is established using neural network, which consists of one sub-efficiency model for the motor, and one sub-efficiency model for each gear. The latter takes the input torque and the input speed of gearbox as input, and the efficiency of gearbox as output. Based on a linear decreasing weight particle swarm optimization (LDWPSO) algorithm, a new gearshift schedule optimization method considering the drivability, energy economy, and driver’s performance expectation, in which the efficiency model of the whole drivetrain is used to calculate the vehicle performance indexes and the efficiency constraint, is put forward. The proposed method is then used to optimize the personalized intelligent multi-performance optimal gearshift schedules for a test EV equipped with AMT. The proposed method and the vehicle performance using the optimized gearshift schedules have also been evaluated via simulation experiments. Results The neural network-based efficiency model of the drivetrain of electric vehicle could build a precise mathematic mapping between the operating conditions and the efficiency of the drivetrain. The optimized gearshift schedule considering multi-performance, driver’s performance expectation and efficiency of drivetrain could make the electric vehicle have better energy economy and driving range and meanwhile maintain good drivability in line with the driver’s intention. Limitations of this study The energy conversion efficiency of the EV battery has not been included in the efficiency model of the drivetrain in this investigation. Further investigation regarding this issue based on battery performance test, will be part of our future work. What does the paper offer that is new in the field including in comparison to other work by the authors? The efficiency model of EV drivetrain including traction motor and gearbox, as well as the proposed optimization method for the personalized intelligent gearshift schedule for EVs equipped with AMT are new. Conclusions A neural network-based efficiency model of EV drivetrain including traction motor and gearbox has been established, and a novel optimization method based on a linear decreasing weight particle swarm optimization algorithm for personalized intelligent gearshift schedule for EVs equipped with AMT has been proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed method is applicable to improve the comprehensive performance of EVs including drivability and energy economy according to driver’s performance expectation.
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Liauw, Yuhanes D. S., Mehdi Roozegar, Ting Zou, Alexei Morozov, and Jorge Angeles. "Range Model of Electric Vehicles With Multi-Speed Transmissions." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85119.
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Range-prediction models of electric vehicles (EVs) are essential for vehicle designers because range is still a major problem in EVs. Most range models are only available for EVs with fixed gearing. However, recent developments in EVs incorporate multi-speed transmissions (MSTs). Furthermore, transmissions are modeled only with a constant efficiency in most EV range-prediction simulation results available in the literature. For this reason, a simple and accurate range model for EVs with MSTs is proposed in this paper. In order to predict the range of EVs with MSTs accurately, the transmission efficiency is estimated by means of the transmission mathematical model. The efficiency results are verified with a comprehensive model that has been validated experimentally. A case study pertaining to the GM EV1 with a two-speed novel modular transmission is provided. Moreover, simulation results under constant efficiency are included to show the advantages of the proposed model in range-prediction. Our simulation results show that a more accurate range-prediction can be obtained by means of the proposed model.
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Escobar Sanabria, David, Gary Balas, and Roger E. A. Arndt. "Model and Control Validation of High Speed Supercavitating Vehicles." In ASME 2013 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2013-16064.
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This article presents a hybrid validation technique to test mathematical models and control systems for a High Speed Supercavitating Vehicle HSSV. The test method combines simulation of the vehicle motion, real-time experimental measurements of hydrodynamic forces acting at the vehicle wetted areas, and vehicle flight computer to evaluate the HSSV performance subject to steady and unsteady flows. The proposed validation platform is deployed in the high speed water tunnel located at the University of Minnesota Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory SAFL. The supercavitating test vehicle, operated with ventilation, consists of an actuated disk cavitator and two actuated lateral wedge fins. The model of the vehicle motion, used to develop the validation platform and design HSSV controllers, is derived through experimental data obtained in the high speed water tunnel. An illustration is given on how the control system is able to track pitch angle reference commands and reject flow perturbations produced by an oscillating foil gust generator.
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Garci´a-Pozuelo Ramos, Daniel, Vicente Di´az Lo´pez, and Mari´a Jesu´s Lo´pez Boada. "A Contact Model Between Tyre and Pavement at Low Speed for Periodic Motor Vehicle Inspection." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12558.
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The behaviour of the tyre plays an important role in the vehicle handling. Thus for the analysis of vehicles and road safety it is necessary to take into account the forces and moments generated at contact patch. An accurate tyre model that estimates these forces and moments is highly essential for the studies of vehicle dynamics and control. Most of the tyre models have been developed for high speed, combined forces, etc. But, usually, automobile vehicles run at low speeds during an important part of their operating life (less than 60 km/h) and in steady state conditions. Furthermore, during vehicle inspection and maintenance of the steering and brake system, by means of sideslip tester and roller brake tester respectively, the forces transmitted by the tyres are measured, all of these inspections are carried out at low speeds. Therefore, it is particularly interesting to develop a model of the contact patch tyre-pavement for low speeds without the complexity of models that cover a wide speed range but with a bigger precision at low speeds. The dynamometer plate has proved to be an appropriate test equipment to characterise the tyre-pavement contact at low speed and the steering geometry and wheel alignment. It has the feature of being able to carry out tests for any type of tyre allowing to test with a great flexibility and operating speed. For this reason, the dynamometer plate has been chosen as test equipment. The main aim of this research is to set up a contact model between tyre and pavement at low speed, based on the measurement of longitudinal and lateral forces. The experimental tests carried out by means of the dynamometer plate have allowed to establish a relationship between influence variables and the longitudinal and lateral forces in the contact patch for steady state low speeds. A sensibility study has shown that the most influential variables in the forces of the contact patch are the pressure, the vertical force and the toe angle. However, the influence of temperature and camber angle is lower for the defined model conditions. A test methodology that allows carrying out the experimental tests in a systematic and controlled way in the dynamometer plate has also been developed.
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Bannikov, A. A., and Y. R. Nikitin. "Development of a five-phase synchronous motor with permanent magnets." In 2022 33th All-Russian Youth Exhibition of Innovations. Publishing House of Kalashnikov ISTU, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22213/ie022109.
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In this paper the design, mathematical and simulation models of a five-phase synchronous motor with permanent magnets and a simulation model of a control device have been developed. A mathematical model of electromagnetic processes in a five-phase motor and control system with three feedback loops has been developed in Matlab Simulink environment. The inner fast loop provides control of currents along d and q axes by means of PI controllers, which allows keeping the total stator current vector perpendicular to the rotor current-circuit vector and providing the highest torque. The middle circuit provides control of angular speed of shaft rotation by means of PI-controllers. The outer circuit provides control of the angular position of the motor rotor by means of the P controller. The parameters of the regulators are optimized. The transient process has no overshoot and the control time is 2.6 seconds. A prototype of the motor has been developed and manufactured.