Journal articles: 'Motor imagery'

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Sharma, Nikhil, Valerie M. Pomeroy, and Jean-Claude Baron. "Motor Imagery." Stroke 37, no. 7 (July 2006): 1941–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000226902.43357.fc.

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Lotze, Martin, and Ulrike Halsband. "Motor imagery." Journal of Physiology-Paris 99, no. 4-6 (June 2006): 386–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphysparis.2006.03.012.

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Livesey, D. J., and M. Kangas. "The Role of Visual Movement Imagery in Kinaesthetic Sensitivity and Motor Performance." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 14, no. 1 (May 1997): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200027607.

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ABSTRACTThe relationship between vividness of visual movement imagery and performance on tests of kinaesthetic sensitivity was examined in high school students by comparing performance on three tests of kinaesthesis by high and low imagery students, selected using the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire. High imagers performed significantly better than low imagers when relying on kinaesthetic information. Level of movement imagery predicted performance on a motor task (a manual placement task) when the task was performed in the absence of visual cues (blindfolded). These results reflect the reliance on visual information when performing motor tasks and indicate that, in the absence of visual cues, such information is created from kinaesthetic input via visual imagery. This has important implications for our understanding of the development of kinaesthesis and motor control and may contribute to the development of remedial programmes for children with poor motor ability.

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Priganc, Victoria W., and Susan W. Stralka. "Graded Motor Imagery." Journal of Hand Therapy 24, no. 2 (April 2011): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jht.2010.11.002.

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Zhang, Lanlan, Yanling Pi, Hua Zhu, Cheng Shen, Jian Zhang, and Yin Wu. "Motor experience with a sport-specific implement affects motor imagery." PeerJ 6 (April 27, 2018): e4687. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4687.

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The present study tested whether sport-specific implements facilitate motor imagery, whereas nonspecific implements disrupt motor imagery. We asked a group of basketball players (experts) and a group of healthy controls (novices) to physically perform (motor execution) and mentally simulate (motor imagery) basketball throws. Subjects produced motor imagery when they were holding a basketball, a volleyball, or nothing. Motor imagery performance was measured by temporal congruence, which is the correspondence between imagery and execution times estimated as (imagery time minus execution time) divided by (imagery time plus execution time), as well as the vividness of motor imagery. Results showed that experts produced greater temporal congruence and vividness of kinesthetic imagery while holding a basketball compared to when they were holding nothing, suggesting a facilitation effect from sport-specific implements. In contrast, experts produced lower temporal congruence and vividness of kinesthetic imagery while holding a volleyball compared to when they were holding nothing, suggesting the interference effect of nonspecific implements. Furthermore, we found a negative correlation between temporal congruence and the vividness of kinesthetic imagery in experts while holding a basketball. On the contrary, the implement manipulation did not modulate the temporal congruence of novices. Our findings suggest that motor representation in experts is built on motor experience associated with specific-implement use and thus was subjected to modulation of the implement held. We conclude that sport-specific implements facilitate motor imagery, whereas nonspecific implements could disrupt motor representation in experts.

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Nugraha, Made Hendra Satria. "MOTOR IMAGERY, ACTION OBSERVATION, DAN GRADED MOTOR IMAGERY PADA REHABILITASI STROKE." Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia 39, no. 1 (December 20, 2021): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.52386/neurona.v39i1.199.

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Stroke merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kecacatan pada orang dewasa. Mirror neuron system (MNS) dianggap sebagai terobosan besar untuk ilmu saraf dan merupakan salah satu fitur penting pada evolusi otak manusia. Penelitian ini merupakan tinjauan pustaka dengan sumber data sekunder berupa kumpulan artikel ilmiah yang diakses melalui journal database, seperti: PubMed Central (PMC) NCBI dan google scholar. Kajian pustaka ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui efektivitas MI, AO, dan GMI dalam memperbaiki gerak dan fungsi tubuh pada pasien stroke serta (2) memahami protokol penatalaksanaan MI, AO, dan GMI dalam memperbaiki gerak dan fungsi tubuh pada pasien stroke. Hasil kajian pustaka menunjukkan bahwa intervensi MI, AO, dan GMI efektif dalam memperbaiki fungsi dan gerak tubuh saat rehabilitasi stroke. Protokol penatalaksanaan MI, AO, dan GMI memiliki variasi dilihat dari segi frekuensi, intensitas, dan durasi terapi, dimana sebagian besar pemberian intervensi ini dapat menunjukkan manfaat yang lebih baik jika dikombinasikan dengan intervensi konvensional fisioterapi lainnya.

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Klatzky, Roberta L. "On the relation between motor imagery and visual imagery." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17, no. 2 (June 1994): 212–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00034178.

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Jeannerod's target article describes support, through empirical and neurological findings, for the intriguing idea of motor imagery, a form of representation hypothesized to have levels of functional equivalence with motor preparation, while being consciously accessible. Jeannerod suggests that the subjectively accessible content of motor imagery allows it to be distinguished from motor preparation, which is unconscious. Motor imagery is distinguished from visual imagery in terms of content. Motor images are kinesthetic in nature; they are parametrized by variables such as force and time and they are potentially governed by kinematic rules. Jeannerod acknowledges, however, that motor and visual imagery may not easily be separated, because actions take place in a spatial environment. I agree; in fact, I suggest here that visualization may generally be concomitant with, and may even subjectively dominate, motor imagery.

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Sawai, Shun, Shoya Fujikawa, Ryu Ushio, Kosuke Tamura, Chihiro Ohsumi, Ryosuke Yamamoto, Shin Murata, and Hideki Nakano. "Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Motor Imagery Changes Resting-State EEG Activity: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Brain Sciences 12, no. 11 (November 15, 2022): 1548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12111548.

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Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation is a novel non-invasive technique for applying repetitive magnetic stimulation to the peripheral nerves and muscles. Contrarily, a person imagines that he/she is exercising during motor imagery. Resting-state electroencephalography can evaluate the ability of motor imagery; however, the effects of motor imagery and repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation on resting-state electroencephalography are unknown. We examined the effects of motor imagery and repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation on the vividness of motor imagery and resting-state electroencephalography. The participants were divided into a motor imagery group and motor imagery and repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation group. They performed 60 motor imagery tasks involving wrist dorsiflexion movement. In the motor imagery and repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation group, we applied repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation to the extensor carpi radialis longus muscle during motor imagery. We measured the vividness of motor imagery and resting-state electroencephalography before and after the task. Both groups displayed a significant increase in the vividness of motor imagery. The motor imagery and repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation group exhibited increased β activity in the anterior cingulate cortex by source localization for electroencephalography. Hence, combined motor imagery and repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation changes the resting-state electroencephalography activity and may promote motor imagery.

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Fontani, Giuliano, Silvia Migliorini, Leda Lodi, Enrico De Martino, Nektarios Solidakis, and Fausto Corradeschi. "Internal–External Motor Imagery and Skilled Motor Actions." Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jirspa-2012-0001.

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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to analyze the movement-related brain macropotentials (MRBMs) recorded during the execution of two tests of motor imagery: kinaesthetic (internal) and visual (external). Recordings were compared with those obtained performing a GO/NOGO motor test. The GO test required pressure of three keys of a modified keyboard in sequence when a figure appeared in the computer screen. On NOGO trials no button had to be pressed. Motor imagery tests were an internal or kinaesthetic imagination test (IN MI) on which participants imagined performing the pressure of keyboard buttons, avoiding any real movement, and an external or visual imagination test (EX MI) on which subjects were asked to imagine seeing their finger press the buttons. With the completion of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire, the participants were assigned into two groups: high (11) and low (10) capacity of imagination. The results showed an increase in the amplitude of the MRBMs wave occurring in the prestimulus period of imagination, with respect to real motor action. In the poststimulus period, the amplitude and duration of the waves recorded during motor action were higher than those recorded during the motor imagery tests. The comparison between EX and IN MI showed a lower latency and a higher amplitude of the brain waves recorded during internal motor imagery with respect to those observed during EX MI. The experimental data confirm that real motor activity is related to higher amplitude MRBMs than motor imagery. The profile of the waves recorded during internal imagery seems to be related to a higher brain involvement compared to those recorded during external visual imagery; it suggest that the kinaesthetic process of imagination is more efficient in information processing and motor skill acquisition.

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Dickstein, Ruth, and Judith E. Deutsch. "Motor Imagery in Physical Therapist Practice." Physical Therapy 87, no. 7 (July 1, 2007): 942–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20060331.

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Motor imagery is the mental representation of movement without any body movement. Abundant evidence on the positive effects of motor imagery practice on motor performance and learning in athletes, people who are healthy, and people with neurological conditions (eg, stroke, spinal cord injury, Parkinson disease) has been published. The purpose of this update is to synthesize the relevant literature about motor imagery in order to facilitate its integration into physical therapist practice. This update also will discuss visual and kinesthetic motor imagery, factors that modify motor imagery practice, the design of motor imagery protocols, and potential applications of motor imagery.

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Confalonieri, Linda, Giuseppe Pagnoni, Lawrence W. Barsalou, Justin Rajendra, Simon B. Eickhoff, and Andrew J. Butler. "Brain Activation in Primary Motor and Somatosensory Cortices during Motor Imagery Correlates with Motor Imagery Ability in Stroke Patients." ISRN Neurology 2012 (December 29, 2012): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/613595.

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Aims. While studies on healthy subjects have shown a partial overlap between the motor execution and motor imagery neural circuits, few have investigated brain activity during motor imagery in stroke patients with hemiparesis. This work is aimed at examining similarities between motor imagery and execution in a group of stroke patients. Materials and Methods. Eleven patients were asked to perform a visuomotor tracking task by either physically or mentally tracking a sine wave force target using their thumb and index finger during fMRI scanning. MIQ-RS questionnaire has been administered. Results and Conclusion. Whole-brain analyses confirmed shared neural substrates between motor imagery and motor execution in bilateral premotor cortex, SMA, and in the contralesional inferior parietal lobule. Additional region of interest-based analyses revealed a negative correlation between kinaesthetic imagery ability and percentage BOLD change in areas 4p and 3a; higher imagery ability was associated with negative and lower percentage BOLD change in primary sensorimotor areas during motor imagery.

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Naito, Eiichi. "Controllability of Motor Imagery and Transformation of Visual Imagery." Perceptual and Motor Skills 78, no. 2 (April 1994): 479–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.78.2.479.

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This study examined the relation between control of motor imagery and generation and transformation of visual imagery by testing 54 subjects. We used two measures of the Controllability of Motor Imagery test to evaluate the ability to control motor imagery. One was a recognition test on which the subject imagines as if one sees another's movement, and the other was a regeneration test on which one imagines as if one moves one's own body. The former test score was related to processing time of a mental rotation task and the latter one was not but would reflect sport experience. It was concluded that two meanings of the test could reflect different aspects such as observational motor imagery and body-centered motor imagery.

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Saimpont, Arnaud, Francine Malouin, Béatrice Tousignant, and Philip L. Jackson. "Motor Imagery and Aging." Journal of Motor Behavior 45, no. 1 (January 2013): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2012.740098.

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Miller, K. J., G. Schalk, E. E. Fetz, M. den Nijs, J. G. Ojemann, and R. P. N. Rao. "Cortical activity during motor execution, motor imagery, and imagery-based online feedback." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 9 (February 16, 2010): 4430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0913697107.

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Williams, Jacqueline, Alan J. Pearce, Michela Loporto, Tony Morris, and Paul S. Holmes. "The relationship between corticospinal excitability during motor imagery and motor imagery ability." Behavioural Brain Research 226, no. 2 (January 2012): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2011.09.014.

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McAvinue, Laura P., and Ian H. Robertson. "Relationship between Visual and Motor Imagery." Perceptual and Motor Skills 104, no. 3 (June 2007): 823–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.104.3.823-843.

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The relationship between visual and motor imagery was investigated by administering a battery of visual and motor imagery measures to a sample of 101 men ( n = 49) and women ( n = 52), who ranged in age from 18 to 59 ( M=34.5, SD=12.6). A principal components analysis applied to the correlation matrix indicated four underlying components, which explained 62.9% of the variance. The components were named Implicit Visual Imagery Ability, Self-report of Visual and Motor Imagery, Implicit Motor Imagery Ability, and Explicit Motor Imagery Ability. These results suggested a dissociation between visual and motor imagery although visual and motor imagery were associated as self-reports and there were correlations among particular measures.

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Kwon, Sechang, Jingu Kim, and Teri Kim. "Neuropsychological Activations and Networks While Performing Visual and Kinesthetic Motor Imagery." Brain Sciences 13, no. 7 (June 22, 2023): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13070983.

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This study aimed to answer the questions ‘What are the neural networks and mechanisms involved in visual and kinesthetic motor imagery?’, and ‘Is part of cognitive processing included during visual and kinesthetic motor imagery?’ by investigating the neurophysiological networks and activations during visual and kinesthetic motor imagery using motor imagery tasks (golf putting). The experiment was conducted with 19 healthy adults. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine neural activations and networks during visual and kinesthetic motor imagery using golf putting tasks. The findings of the analysis on cerebral activation patterns based on the two distinct types of motor imagery indicate that the posterior lobe, occipital lobe, and limbic lobe exhibited activation, and the right hemisphere was activated during the process of visual motor imagery. The activation of the temporal lobe and the parietal lobe were observed during the process of kinesthetic motor imagery. This study revealed that visual motor imagery elicited stronger activation in the right frontal lobe, whereas kinesthetic motor imagery resulted in greater activation in the left frontal lobe. It seems that kinesthetic motor imagery activates the primary somatosensory cortex (BA 2), the secondary somatosensory cortex (BA 5 and 7), and the temporal lobe areas and induces human sensibility. The present investigation evinced that the neural network and the regions of the brain that are activated exhibit variability contingent on the category of motor imagery.

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Iwanami, Jun, Hitoshi Mutai, Akira Sagari, Masaaki Sato, and Masayoshi Kobayashi. "Relationship between Corticospinal Excitability While Gazing at the Mirror and Motor Imagery Ability." Brain Sciences 13, no. 3 (March 9, 2023): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030463.

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Mirror therapy (MT) helps stroke survivors recover motor function. Previous studies have reported that an individual’s motor imagery ability is related to the areas of brain activity during motor imagery and the effectiveness of motor imagery training. However, the relationship between MT and motor imagery ability and between corticospinal tract excitability during mirror gazing, an important component of MT, and motor imagery ability is unclear. This study determined whether the motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitude while gazing at the mirror relates to participants’ motor imagery abilities. Twenty-four healthy right-handed adults (seven males) were recruited. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was performed while gazing at the mirror, and MEP of the first dorsal interosseous muscle of the right hand were measured. Motor imagery ability was measured using the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ), which assesses the vividness of motor imagery ability. Additionally, a mental chronometry (MC) task was used to assess time aspects. The results showed a significant moderate correlation between changes in MEP amplitude values while gazing at the mirror, as compared with resting conditions, and assessment scores of KVIQ. This study shows that corticospinal excitability because of mirror gazing may be related to the vividness of motor imagery ability.

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Batula, Alyssa M., Jesse A. Mark, Youngmoo E. Kim, and Hasan Ayaz. "Comparison of Brain Activation during Motor Imagery and Motor Movement Using fNIRS." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5491296.

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Motor-activity-related mental tasks are widely adopted for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) as they are a natural extension of movement intention, requiring no training to evoke brain activity. The ideal BCI aims to eliminate neuromuscular movement, making motor imagery tasks, or imagined actions with no muscle movement, good candidates. This study explores cortical activation differences between motor imagery and motor execution for both upper and lower limbs using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Four simple finger- or toe-tapping tasks (left hand, right hand, left foot, and right foot) were performed with both motor imagery and motor execution and compared to resting state. Significant activation was found during all four motor imagery tasks, indicating that they can be detected via fNIRS. Motor execution produced higher activation levels, a faster response, and a different spatial distribution compared to motor imagery, which should be taken into account when designing an imagery-based BCI. When comparing left versus right, upper limb tasks are the most clearly distinguishable, particularly during motor execution. Left and right lower limb activation patterns were found to be highly similar during both imagery and execution, indicating that higher resolution imaging, advanced signal processing, or improved subject training may be required to reliably distinguish them.

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Aoyama, Toshiyuki, Kazumichi Ae, Hiroto Soma, Kazuhiro Miyata, Kazuhiro Kajita, and Takashi Kawamura. "Motor imagery ability in baseball players with throwing yips." PLOS ONE 18, no. 11 (November 30, 2023): e0292632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292632.

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The motor imagery ability is closely related to an individual’s motor performance in sports. However, whether motor imagery ability is diminished in athletes with yips, in whom motor performance is impaired, is unclear. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether general motor imagery ability or vividness of motor imagery specific to throwing motion is impaired in baseball players with throwing yips. The study enrolled 114 college baseball players. They were classified into three groups: 33 players in the yips group, 26 in the recovered group (previously had yips symptoms but had resolved them), and 55 in the control group. They answered the revised version of the vividness of movement imagery questionnaire (VMIQ-2), which assesses general motor imagery ability. Furthermore, they completed a questionnaire that assesses both positive and negative motor imagery vividness specific to baseball throwing. In the former, they responded to their ability to vividly imagine accurately throwing a controlled ball, whereas in the latter, they responded to the vividness of their experience of negative motor imagery associated with baseball throwing, specifically the image of a wild throw. No significant difference in the VMIQ-2 was found among the three groups. While no significant difference in the vividness of positive motor imagery for ball throwing was found in either first-person visual or kinesthetic perspectives among the three groups, the yips group exhibited significantly higher vividness of negative motor imagery than the control group in both perspectives. These results indicate that negative motor imagery specific to baseball throwing may be associated with symptoms of yips. Therefore, interventions addressing psychological aspects, such as anxiety, which are potential causes of the generation of negative motor imagery, may be necessary to alleviate the symptoms of yips.

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Wang, Cuiping, Wei Li, Yanlin Zhou, Feifei Nan, Guohua Zhao, and Qiong Zhang. "The Relationship Between Internal Motor Imagery and Motor Inhibition in School-Aged Children: A Cross-Sectional Study." Advances in Cognitive Psychology 17, no. 1 (March 2021): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5709/acp-0319-9.

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Functional equivalence hypothesis and motor-cognitive model both posit that motor imagery performance involves inhibition of overt physical movement and thus engages control processes. As motor inhibition in internal motor imagery has been fairly well studied in adults, the present study aimed to investigate the correlation between internal motor imagery and motor inhibition in children. A total of 73 children (7-year-olds: 23, 9-year-olds: 27, and 11-year-olds: 23) participated the study. Motor inhibition was assessed with a stop-signal task, and motor imagery abilities were measured with a hand laterality judgment task and an alphanumeric rotation task, respectively. Overall, for all age groups, response time in both motor imagery tasks increased with rotation angles. Moreover, all children’s response times in both tasks decreased with age, their accuracy increased with age, and their motor inhibition efficiency increased with age. We found a significant difference between 7-year-olds and 9-year-olds in the hand laterality judgment task, suggesting that the involvement of motor inhibition in internal motor imagery might change with age. Our results reveal the underlying processes of internal motor imagery development, and furthermore, provide practical implications for movement rehabilitation of children.

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Lebon, Florent, Winston D. Byblow, Christian Collet, Aymeric Guillot, and Cathy M. Stinear. "The modulation of motor cortex excitability during motor imagery depends on imagery quality." European Journal of Neuroscience 35, no. 2 (December 15, 2011): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07938.x.

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Meers, Rosie, Helen E. Nuttall, and Stefan Vogt. "Motor imagery alone drives corticospinal excitability during concurrent action observation and motor imagery." Cortex 126 (May 2020): 322–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.01.012.

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Coker Girón, Elizabeth, Tara Mclsaac, and Dawn Nilsen. "Effects of Kinesthetic versus Visual Imagery Practice on Two Technical Dance Movements." Journal of Dance Medicine & Science 16, no. 1 (March 2012): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1089313x1201600105.

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Motor imagery is a type of mental practice that involves imagining the body performing a movement in the absence of motor output. Dance training traditionally incorporates mental practice techniques, but quantitative effects of motor imagery on the performance of dance movements are largely unknown. This pilot study compared the effects of two different imagery modalities, external visual imagery and kinesthetic imagery, on pelvis and hip kinematics during two technical dance movements, plié and sauté. Each of three female dance students (mean age = 19.7 years, mean years of training = 10.7) was assigned to use a type of imagery practice: visual imagery, kinesthetic imagery, or no imagery. Effects of motor imagery on peak external hip rotation varied by both modality and task. Kinesthetic imagery increased peak external hip rotation for pliés, while visual imagery increased peak external hip rotation for sautés. Findings suggest that the success of motor imagery in improving performance may be task-specific. Dancers may benefit from matching imagery modality to technical tasks in order to improve alignment and thereby avoid chronic injury.

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Ozlem, Ozcan, and Kul Hayriye. "Kinesthetic and visual imagery in young adults with chronic neck pain." Sanamed, no. 00 (2022): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sanamed17-37885.

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Background:Young adults complain of neck pain almost every year. In recent years the ability of motor imagery (kinesthetic and visual imagery) in many musculoskeletal system problems other than neck pain in young adults has been investigated in the literature. The Cross-Sectional study aimed to question motor imagery ability in young adults with chronic neck pain. Methods: Two groups were included in the study: the chronic neck pain group (n = 83) and the control group (n = 91). Motor imagery ability of both groups was evaluated with Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3. Additionally, in the chronic neck pain group, pain was evaluated with the Short Form-McGill Pain Questionnaire, disability was evaluated with the Neck Disability Index, and kinesiophobia was evaluated with Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. Conclusions: Internal visual imagery and kinesthetic imagery were significantly different between chronic neck pain and control groups. There was a negative linear relationship between disability and internal visual imagery, external visual imagery, and kinesthetic imagery. Motor imagery ability is reduced in young adults with chronic neck pain. In addition, as the severity of disability increases, the motor imagery ability decreases. Therefore, it is considered appropriate to include a motor imagery training program when treating chronic neck pain in the future.

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Anwar, Sumreen, Muhammad Usman Fayyaz, Sumbal Saleem, Abdullah Imran, Hina Noman, and Syed Saqib Ali Shah. "Effectiveness of Motor Imagery Training to Improve Gait Abilities of Patients with Sub-Acute Stroke." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 2 (February 26, 2022): 1092–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221621092.

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Aim: To determine the effectiveness of motor imagery training to improve the lower extremity function and gait in subjects with sub-acute stroke. Methods: Forty four patients with subacute stroke with gait impairment were randomly assigned to one of two groups: motor imagery training group or muscle relaxation group. At the beginning and after six weeks of therapy, the ability to use motor imagery and lower limb performance were assessed. Results: There were substantial differences of scores between both groups, with the motor imagery group progressing more than the muscle relaxation group. Conclusion: Motor imagery may have a beneficial and effective task-specific effect on gait function in sub-acute stroke patients. Keywords: motor imagery; gait rehabilitation; sub-acute stroke patients

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Anwar, Sumreen, Muhammad Usman Fayyaz, Sumbal Saleem, Abdullah Imran, Hina Noman, and Syed Saqib Ali Shah. "Effectiveness of Motor Imagery Training to Improve Gait Abilities of Patients with Sub-Acute Stroke." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 504–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22163504.

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Aim: To determine the effectiveness of motor imagery training to improve the lower extremity function and gait in subjects with sub-acute stroke. Methods: Forty four patients with subacute stroke with gait impairment were randomly assigned to one of two groups: motor imagery training group or muscle relaxation group. At the beginning and after six weeks of therapy, the ability to use motor imagery and lower limb performance were assessed. Results: There were substantial differences of scores between both groups, with the motor imagery group progressing more than the muscle relaxation group. Conclusion: Motor imagery may have a beneficial and effective task-specific effect on gait function in sub-acute stroke patients. Keywords: motor imagery; gait rehabilitation; sub-acute stroke patients

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Matsuo, Moemi. "49 Cerebral hemodynamic during motor imagery of self-feeding with chopsticks: Differences between dominant and nondominant hand." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (November 2023): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723005994.

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Objective:Motor imagery is defined as a dynamic state during which a subject mentally simulates a given action without overt movements. Our aim was to use near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate differences in cerebral hemodynamic during motor imagery of self-feeding with chopsticks using the dominant or non-dominant hand.Participants and Methods:Twenty healthy right-handed people participated in this study. The motor imagery task involved eating sliced cucumber pickles using chopsticks with the dominant (right) or non-dominant (left) hand. Activation of regions of interest (pre-supplementary motor area, supplementary motor area, pre-motor area, pre-frontal cortex, and sensorimotor cortex was assessed.Results:Motor imagery vividness of the dominant hand tended to be significantly higher than that of the non-dominant hand. The time of peak oxygenated hemoglobin was significantly earlier in the right pre-frontal cortex than in the supplementary motor area and left pre-motor area. Hemodynamic correlations were detected in more regions of interest during dominant-hand motor imagery than during non-dominant-hand motor imagery.Conclusions:Hemodynamic might be affected by differences in motor imagery vividness caused by variations in motor manipulation.

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Chen, Chao, Jiaxin Zhang, Abdelkader Nasreddine Belkacem, Shanting Zhang, Rui Xu, Bin Hao, Qiang Gao, Duk Shin, Changming Wang, and Dong Ming. "G-Causality Brain Connectivity Differences of Finger Movements between Motor Execution and Motor Imagery." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2019 (October 2, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5068283.

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Motor imagery is one of the classical paradigms which have been used in brain-computer interface and motor function recovery. Finger movement-based motor execution is a complex biomechanical architecture and a crucial task for establishing most complicated and natural activities in daily life. Some patients may suffer from alternating hemiplegia after brain stroke and lose their ability of motor execution. Fortunately, the ability of motor imagery might be preserved independently and worked as a backdoor for motor function recovery. The efficacy of motor imagery for achieving significant recovery for the motor cortex after brain stroke is still an open question. In this study, we designed a new paradigm to investigate the neural mechanism of thirty finger movements in two scenarios: motor execution and motor imagery. Eleven healthy participants performed or imagined thirty hand gestures twice based on left and right finger movements. The electroencephalogram (EEG) signal for each subject during sixty trials left and right finger motor execution and imagery were recorded during our proposed experimental paradigm. The Granger causality (G-causality) analysis method was employed to analyze the brain connectivity and its strength between contralateral premotor, motor, and sensorimotor areas. Highest numbers for G-causality trials of 37 ± 7.3, 35.5 ± 8.8, 36.3 ± 10.3, and 39.2 ± 9.0 and lowest Granger causality coefficients of 9.1 ± 3.2, 10.9 ± 3.7, 13.2 ± 0.6, and 13.4 ± 0.6 were achieved from the premotor to motor area during execution/imagination tasks of right and left finger movements, respectively. These results provided a new insight into motor execution and motor imagery based on hand gestures, which might be useful to build a new biomarker of finger motor recovery for partially or even completely plegic patients. Furthermore, a significant difference of the G-causality trial number was observed during left finger execution/imagery and right finger imagery, but it was not observed during the right finger execution phase. Significant difference of the G-causality coefficient was observed during left finger execution and imagery, but it was not observed during right finger execution and imagery phases. These results suggested that different MI-based brain motor function recovery strategies should be taken for right-hand and left-hand patients after brain stroke.

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Wang, Kun, Zhongpeng Wang, Peng Zhou, Hongzhi Qi, Feng He, Shuang Liu, and Dong Ming. "MEP Analysis of Hand Motor Imagery with Bimanual Coordination Under Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 20, no. 3 (May 19, 2016): 462–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2016.p0462.

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Stroke is one of the leading causes worldwide of motor disability in adults. Motor imagery is a rehabilitation technique for potentially treating the results of stroke. Based on bimanual movement coordination, we designed hand motor imagery experiments. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied to the left motor cortex to produce motorevoked potentials (MEP) in the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) of the right hand. Ten subjects were required to perform three different motor imagery tasks involving the twisting of a bottle cap. The results showed that contralateral hand imagery evoked the largest MEP, meaning that the brain's motor area was activated the most. This work may prove to be significant as a reference in designing motor imagery therapy protocols for stroke patients.

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Zapała, Dariusz, Emilia Zabielska-Mendyk, Andrzej Cudo, Marta Jaśkiewicz, Marcin Kwiatkowski, and Agnieszka Kwiatkowska. "The Role of Motor Imagery in Predicting Motor Skills in Young Male Soccer Players." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (June 10, 2021): 6316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126316.

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The study aimed to find out whether the imagery ability within the two subcomponents of motor imagery (visual and kinesthetic) allows predicting the results in simple response time task and eye–hand coordination task in a group of young male soccer players (9–15 years old). Non-specific simple response time and eye–hand coordination play a key role in predicting specific sports performance level. Participants performed Reaction Time Task, Eye–Hand Coordination Task, and completed Motor Imagery Questionnaire–Revised. Data were submitted to the structural equations analysis based on the maximum likelihood method in order to estimate a structural model of relationship between variables. Results indicate visual rather than kinesthetic motor imagery is associated with non-specific motor skills. Higher scores on the visual motor imagery scale were observed to correlate with faster reaction times and better coordination in the study group. This supports the idea that during learning a new perceptual-motor-task the visual control is required. Results provide the evidence for the specific role of the third-person perspective imagery in young athletes playing soccer.

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Vidaurre, C., T. Jorajuría, A. Ramos-Murguialday, K.-R. Müller, M. Gómez, and V. V. Nikulin. "Improving motor imagery classification during induced motor perturbations." Journal of Neural Engineering 18, no. 4 (July 21, 2021): 0460b1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ac123f.

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Wilson, Peter H., Patrick R. Thomas, and Paul Maruff. "Motor Imagery Training Ameliorates Motor Clumsiness in Children." Journal of Child Neurology 17, no. 7 (July 2002): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088307380201700704.

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Chong, Benjamin W. X., and Cathy M. Stinear. "Modulation of motor cortex inhibition during motor imagery." Journal of Neurophysiology 117, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 1776–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00549.2016.

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Motor imagery (MI) is similar to overt movement, engaging common neural substrates and facilitating the corticomotor pathway; however, it does not result in excitatory descending motor output. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be used to assess inhibitory networks in the primary motor cortex via measures of 1-ms short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI), and late cortical disinhibition (LCD). These measures are thought to reflect extrasynaptic GABAA tonic inhibition, postsynaptic GABAB inhibition, and presynaptic GABAB disinhibition, respectively. The behavior of 1-ms SICI, LICI, and LCD during MI has not yet been explored. This study aimed to investigate how 1-ms SICI, LICI, and LCD are modulated during MI and voluntary relaxation (VR) of a target muscle. Twenty-five healthy young adults participated. TMS was used to assess nonconditioned motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude, 1-ms SICI, 100- (LICI100) and 150-ms LICI, and LCD in the right abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and right abductor digiti minimi during rest, MI, and VR of the hand. Compared with rest, MEP amplitudes were facilitated in APB during MI. SICI was not affected by task or muscle. LICI100 decreased in both muscles during VR but not MI, whereas LCD was recruited in both muscles during both tasks. This indicates that VR modulates postsynaptic GABAB inhibition, whereas both tasks modulate presynaptic GABAB inhibition in a non-muscle-specific way. This study highlights further neurophysiological parallels between actual and imagined movement, which may extend to voluntary relaxation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to investigate how 1-ms short-interval intracortical inhibition, long-interval intracortical inhibition, and late cortical disinhibition are modulated during motor imagery and voluntary muscle relaxation. We present novel findings of decreased 100-ms long-interval intracortical inhibition during voluntary muscle relaxation and increased late cortical disinhibition during both motor imagery and voluntary muscle relaxation.

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Aoyama, Toshiyuki, Fuminari Kaneko, Yukari Ohashi, and Hiroshi Nagata. "Surround inhibition in motor execution and motor imagery." Neuroscience Letters 629 (August 2016): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2016.07.012.

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Raffin, Estelle, Pascal Giraux, and Karen T. Reilly. "The moving phantom: Motor execution or motor imagery?" Cortex 48, no. 6 (June 2012): 746–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2011.02.003.

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Mulder, Th, J. B. H. Hochstenbach, M. J. G. van Heuvelen, and A. R. den Otter. "Motor imagery: The relation between age and imagery capacity." Human Movement Science 26, no. 2 (April 2007): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2007.01.001.

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Saumur, Tyler M., and Stephen D. Perry. "Using Motor Imagery Training to Increase Quadriceps Strength: A Pilot Study." European Neurology 80, no. 1-2 (2018): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000494091.

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Background: Motor imagery training implements neural adaptation theory to improve muscle strength without physically performing muscle contractions. To date, motor imagery training research regarding the efficacy of improving torque of the quadriceps over a brief training period is limited. Objective: To determine the impact of a 3-week motor imagery training on peak torque during knee extension. Method: Ten young, healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups over a 3-week period: strength training, motor imagery training and control. Results: Following training, an increase in peak torque was observed in all strength training participants (mean change of 38 ± 15%) and in 2 members of the motor imagery training group (45 ± 10%). Conclusion: Brief periods of motor imagery training may have the potential to improve quadriceps strength; however, more research is needed with larger populations to test this hypothesis.

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Malouin, Francine, and Carol L. Richards. "Mental Practice for Relearning Locomotor Skills." Physical Therapy 90, no. 2 (February 1, 2010): 240–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20090029.

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Over the past 2 decades, much work has been carried out on the use of mental practice through motor imagery for optimizing the retraining of motor function in people with physical disabilities. Although much of the clinical work with mental practice has focused on the retraining of upper-extremity tasks, this article reviews the evidence supporting the potential of motor imagery for retraining gait and tasks involving coordinated lower-limb and body movements. First, motor imagery and mental practice are defined, and evidence from physiological and behavioral studies in healthy individuals supporting the capacity to imagine walking activities through motor imagery is examined. Then the effects of stroke, spinal cord injury, lower-limb amputation, and immobilization on motor imagery ability are discussed. Evidence of brain reorganization in healthy individuals following motor imagery training of dancing and of a foot movement sequence is reviewed, and the effects of mental practice on gait and other tasks involving coordinated lower-limb and body movements in people with stroke and in people with Parkinson disease are examined. Lastly, questions pertaining to clinical assessment of motor imagery ability and training strategies are discussed.

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Mizuguchi, Nobuaki, Hiroki Nakata, Yusuke Uchida, and Kazuyuki Kanosue. "Motor imagery and sport performance." Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine 1, no. 1 (2012): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7600/jpfsm.1.103.

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Choi, Eun Hi, Ah Young Jun, and Woo Kyoung Yoo. "Motor Imagery and Action Observation." Brain & Neurorehabilitation 3, no. 2 (2010): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12786/bn.2010.3.2.70.

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Roelofs, Karin, Gérard W. B. Näring, Ger P. J. Keijsers, Cees A. L. Hoogduin, Gerard P. Van Galen, and Eric Maris. "Motor imagery in conversion paralysis." Cognitive Neuropsychiatry 6, no. 1 (February 2001): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13546800042000025.

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Hamada, Hiroyuki, Daisuke Matsuzawa, Yoshiyuki Hirano, Chihiro Sutoh, Eiji Shimizu, and Takayuki Obata. "7 Motor Imagery and fMRI." Journal of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers 67, no. 11 (2013): 944–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3169/itej.67.944.

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Sharma, Nikhil, Lucy H. Simmons, P. Simon Jones, Diana J. Day, T. Adrian Carpenter, Valerie M. Pomeroy, Elizabeth A. Warburton, and Jean-Claude Baron. "Motor Imagery After Subcortical Stroke." Stroke 40, no. 4 (April 2009): 1315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.108.525766.

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Ogiso, Tetsuya, Kando Kobayashi, and Morihiro Sugishita. "The precuneus in motor imagery." NeuroReport 11, no. 6 (April 2000): 1345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200004270-00039.

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de la Fuente, Juanma, Daniel Casasanto, Jose Isidro Martínez-Cascales, and Julio Santiago. "Motor Imagery Shapes Abstract Concepts." Cognitive Science 41, no. 5 (August 26, 2016): 1350–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12406.

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Currie, Gregory, and Ian Ravenscroft. "Mental Simulation and Motor Imagery." Philosophy of Science 64, no. 1 (March 1997): 161–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/392541.

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McLennan, Natalie, Nellie Georgiou, Jason Mattingley, John L. Bradshaw, and Edmond Chiu. "Motor Imagery in Huntington's Disease." Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 22, no. 3 (June 2000): 379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/1380-3395(200006)22:3;1-v;ft379.

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Amemiya, Kaoru, Tomohiro Ishizu, Tomoaki Ayabe, and Shozo Kojima. "Intermanual transfer by motor imagery." Neuroscience Research 65 (January 2009): S203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2009.09.1112.

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Dahm, Stephan F., and Martina Rieger. "Cognitive constraints on motor imagery." Psychological Research 80, no. 2 (March 11, 2015): 235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00426-015-0656-y.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Motor imagery'

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