Journal articles on the topic 'Motherhood – Social aspects'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Motherhood – Social aspects.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Motherhood – Social aspects.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Gajewski, Mariusz. "Social and personal aspects of single motherhood: pedagogical and social contexts." Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze 591, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1536.
Full textAbstract:
The article addresses the issue of single motherhood for women in individual, social and pedagogical aspects. The personality and social conditions of single motherhood were analysed. Two main contexts of experiencing motherhood by contemporary women were pointed out, which are social norms and cultural patterns as well as individual, intrapsychic conditions of perceiving oneself as a mother. Social references and pedagogical conditions of single motherhood were shown. It was pointed out that the way women experience motherhood depends to a large extent on family, professional, colleague situations and random events. While discussing the issues of loneliness and solitude, the pedagogical aspect of this phenomenon and the multitude of possible attitudes and references to motherhood experienced were pointed out. The article indicates that social expectations for single mothers imply how women perceive their motherhood and how it affects the pedagogical dimension of its implementation. Motherhood as a conscious decision of a woman and as an undesirable state, as a consequence of events over which the woman-mother has no influence – these are other versions of motherhood described and analysed in the article. The article ends with considerations on the pedagogical dimension of the implementation of motherhood, and therefore on the role and place of children and family as the closest environment of women-mothers. The final part also indicates the need for institutional support for single mothers and their families.
2
Rudzinskaya, T. F. "Social and Psychological Aspects of the Phenomenon of Parenthood." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Educational Acmeology. Developmental Psychology 1, no. 4 (2012): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/2304-9790-2012-1-4-62-65.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with socio-psychological characteristics of the components of the phenomenon of parenthood: fatherhood and motherhood. The analysis of the major challenges of fatherhood and motherhood in contemporary society; indicate the social and psychological causes of the crisis of parenthood in contemporary society.
3
Davletshina, L. A., and M. V. Karmanov. "SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD AS AN OBJECT OF STATISTICAL RESEARCH." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 7 (September 7, 2020): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2020-7-176-183.
Full textAbstract:
Arguments, justifying the necessity of detailed research of surrogate motherhood, as a phenomenon actively developing, but without uniform approaches of legal and statistical assessment, have been presented. The historical reference characterizing the object of the study has been given, modern interpretation of the concept of “surrogate motherhood” has been presented. The social roles of surrogate motherhood have been outlined. The issues that characterize surrogate motherhood as an object of applied research have been considered and systematized The positive and negative aspects of surrogate motherhood have been assessed, number of problems arising in key social and psychological planes has been designated. The existing approaches and indicators for displaying the situation in the field of surrogate motherhood have been analysed. An original approach to quantifying the prevalence of surrogate motherhood has been proposed.
4
Rokach, Ami. "GIVING LIFE: LONELINESS, PREGNANCY AND MOTHERHOOD." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 32, no. 7 (January 1, 2004): 691–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2004.32.7.691.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the qualitative aspects of loneliness that pregnant women and mothers during the first year after childbirth experience. These were compared to the loneliness of women in the general population. Ninety-one pregnant women, 97 women during the first year following childbirth, and 208 women from the general population answered a 30-item questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised five qualitative dimensions of loneliness, namely Emotional distress, Social inadequacy and alienation, Growth and discovery, Interpersonal isolation, and Self-alienation. Although the literature indicates that pregnancy and motherhood are replete with loneliness, the present study found that those two groups had lower mean subscale scores than did women of the general population.
5
Triwahana, Triwahana, and Desca Angelianawati. "Proposing Asian and African Motherhood through Literature: A Comparative Analysis." Indonesian Journal of English Language Studies (IJELS) 6, no. 2 (September 25, 2020): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/ijels.v6i2.2859.
Full textAbstract:
Motherhood is seen as one of the essential aspects in a humans life. Although several values concerning motherhood is cross-cultural, its representation varied from time to time upon locations and cultures. Deriving from this line of thought, this paper compares the differing portrayal of motherhood from Asian and African literature. Undertaking the library studies, this article illustrates the depictions of motherhood and seeks to underline the reasoning why it is manifested through the selected literary works. The novels employed as the objects of study are The Joys of Motherhood by Buchi Emecheta and Ibuk by Iwan Setyawan. The finding extrapolates a global conception towards motherhood and how it is presented. It is concluded that the depiction of motherhood in the novels is employed to maintain a social construction that privilege patriarchy. The African motherhood may be different than what they call Asian motherhood. Yet mothers, no matter where they are will always focus on their childrens well-doing.
6
Kulikov, Leonid V., Arina Yu Malyonova, and YuliaV Potapova. "SUBJECTIVE PICTURE OF MOTHERHOOD IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN STUDIES." Moscow University Psychology Bulletin, no. 4 (2020): 135–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2020.04.07.
Full textAbstract:
The relevance of the article is due to the fact that the variety of research approaches and data obtained make it difficult to form a holistic picture of motherhood as a phenomenon of a woman’s inner world. Scientific ideas about motherhood present a necessary basis for the formation of the demographic policy of the state, for the strengthening of family values in society and for the education of young people. The purpose of the article is to analyze and summarize modern studies concerning various aspects of the subjective picture of motherhood, to identify its main components, to comparatively analyze the determinants of the formation of a picture of motherhood, to describe the diversity in the ideas of motherhood. As a result of the analysis of Russian and foreign studies, the similarities and differences in the interpretations of many aspects of motherhood and the conditionality of the subjective picture of motherhood by a number of socio-cultural factors are described. The leading factors of readiness for motherhood, connection with childhood experiences, social ideas about motherhood, cultural and historical context of family life are reviewed. The article describes the woman’s ideas about herself as a future mother, emphasizes the influence of relationships and emotional atmosphere in the parental family, the importance of identification with her own mother and her position in child-parent relationships. The peculiarities of accepting the role of the mother, the reasons for the deviations from the main role and conflicts of a woman as a result of the discrepancy between her behavior and the established (by society, others, family members, herself) role models are highlighted. Attention is payed to the results of empirical studies showing the possibility of harmonious coordination of a woman’s maternal self-realization with other forms of self-realization. It is concluded that cultural traditions, the dominant value orientations in society, ideas about personal success, career, well-being have a significant impact on the subjective picture of motherhood but interpersonal relationships in a close social environment are of predominant importance. The subjective picture of motherhood can be viewed as part of a woman’s attitude and worldview. It changes under the influence of life plans and circumstances, numerous external and internal factors.
7
Welldon, Estela V. "Psychology and Psychopathology in Women – A Psychoanalytic Perspective." British Journal of Psychiatry 158, S10 (May 1991): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000292052.
Full textAbstract:
Aspects of the normal psychology and psychopathology of women are discussed in relation to adolescence, young womanhood and motherhood. Perversions of motherhood exist, although they are largely denied by a society which idealises being a mother. This denial may be caused by society's inability to see a woman as a complete human being. The aetiology of perversions in women is both psychobiological and social and it is bound up with the politics of power. Perverse motherhood can be seen as the product of the emotional instability and inadequate individuation brought about by a process involving at least three generations.
8
Levshina, Anastasia, Dmitry Lebedev, Lyudmila Grabarovskaya, and Irina Loseva. "Mother and child”: a comparative analysis of socio-cultural discourses." SHS Web of Conferences 72 (2019): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20197201022.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses the phenomenon of motherhood through the prism of dyadic relations "mother-child" in an interdisciplinary context: biological, medical, psychological and social aspects are given. The analysis of factors affecting the occurrence of various kinds of problems in dyadic relations is carried out. The data of various studies in different countries, on various social and age groups of respondents are considered. The aspects affecting the dyad and perception of oneself as a mother that arise after childbirth, as well as factors that arise long before motherhood, are evaluated. The article describes the results of a study among unmarried girls regarding their readiness for motherhood, positioning themselves as expectant mothers. The empirical study involved 319 female full-time students at Southern Federal University, aged 18 to 22 years. According to the results of the study, it was determined that most of the girls are not ready to become mothers, not for reasons related to health, but because of a lack of necessary knowledge and skills. They lack information to complete a holistic view of the upbringing and education of the child.
9
Mulholland, M. "Surrogate Motherhood." Journal of Medical Ethics 16, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.16.4.221.
Full text
10
ACHING, Michele Carmona, and Tania Mara Marques GRANATO. "The good enough mother under social vulnerability conditions." Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas) 33, no. 1 (March 2016): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-02752016000100003.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The present qualitative study aims to understand the affective and emotional attitudes that support the maternal experience in precarious conditions by articulating the maternal ideals of socially vulnerable women through the Winnicottian concept of the good enough mother. We used a procedure called Interactive Narrative to facilitate a less defensive and more ludic approach to the studied theme and invited women sheltered in an institution for pregnant and puerperal women to complete a story that had been written by the researcher. In the second stage, we formed a discussion group to gain insight into participants' conceptions of motherhood. The material produced was analyzed as a collective production so that we could identify underlying affective and emotional aspects of the group's imaginative elaborations about motherhood in precarious conditions. Feelings of helplessness, abandonment and loneliness were as present in the narrative productions as the idea that having a child creates opportunities for the development of maternal capabilities.
11
Mujicinovic, Fatima. "In Search of Bernabé: Politicized Motherhood." Ethnic Studies Review 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2001.24.1.29.
Full textAbstract:
Connecting its storyline to the historical context of the civil war in El Salvador, this US Latina text dramatizes dehumanizing effects of political violence on individual and collective being. With an emphasis on the dialectical connection between the personal and the social, the novel focuses on individual strategies of survival and resistance in conditions of authoritarianism in order to suggest new forms of political opposition and liberation. Its narrative reveals subversive and empowering aspects of the intimate, as the discourse of motherhood and religiosity reclaims its place in the public sphere and takes a direct stance against violence and oppression.
12
White, Karolyn. "Nursing as Vocation." Nursing Ethics 9, no. 3 (May 2002): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0969733002ne510oa.
Full textAbstract:
In this article the author argues that nursing is best understood as a vocational occupation. Using Blum’s model of vocations it is argued that such occupations are socially expressed within practices embodying traditions, norms and a range of meanings: industrial, social, personal and moral. Vocational workers are those who identify in certain ways with these traditions, norms and meanings. One problem with the vocational model, as it has historically applied to nursing, is that it has been articulated through concepts of motherhood. Nursing was a vocation precisely because the character of the nurse was identified as feminine. The author argues that the vocational model for nursing can be conceptually disentangled from its identification with ideals of motherhood and femininity. It is nursing work and the identification with the moral and social meaning of nursing that give nursing its vocational status, not the feminized character of the nurse.
13
Adalia, Esther G., Montserrat Hernández-Luengo, Raquel Bartolomé-Gutiérrez, Beatriz Rodríguez-Martín, Estela Jiménez-López, and María Martínez-Andrés. "Expectations and Experiences of Women in Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Infant Feeding: A Qualitative Research Protocol." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 20 (January 1, 2021): 160940692110119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069211011901.
Full textAbstract:
Maternity and pregnancy involve significant biopsychosocial changes in the lives of women. These changes determine their experience of motherhood and can be a crucial aspect in the choice of parenting style. Women require a source of knowledge and support that goes beyond the technical, clinical environment, led by qualified nurses for holistic and humanized care. The objective of this study is to identify women’s beliefs, expectations, and experiences of their motherhood and its different stages, and their perception of the care they receive, in order to enhance effective management of their new role at a health and social level. A phenomenological qualitative study using thematic analysis will be used, within the theoretical framework provided by the Social Cognitive Theory and the influence of gender. The sample size will be defined by the sampling saturation criterion and should include rural and urban women, with different socioeconomic status. The information will be collected with semi-structured interviews that will be analyzed based on the codification of the texts in three levels and the subsequent triangulation of the results. The biopsychosocial aspects involved in motherhood make it a complex process, with women as the main player. Therefore, mothers’ opinions on the barriers and enablers they encounter in their environment are essential to place them at the center of the process. In addition, knowing the perceptions of women could help improve the work of nurses, having impacts on the humanization of health care and responding to women’s needs during their motherhood.
14
Roshchina, Natalya Mihaylovna. "Role Models of Modern Motherhood." Общество: социология, психология, педагогика, no. 10 (October 30, 2020): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/spp.2020.10.9.
Full textAbstract:
Тhe relevance of the study is justified by the prob-lems of reducing the motivation of reproductive behavior and deformations of role representations of parenthood. The novelty of the study lies in the use of a qualitative focus group method, which al-lowed us to get the most characteristic ideas about the studied phenomenon. The main content aspects of the study are: analysis of current concepts of motherhood in the works of L.I. Savinov, L.G. So-logub, L.A. Gritsay, as well as generalization of modern motherhood role models based on the views of participants in sociological research. The following models are identified: maternal integrity, ignoring maternal functions, assigning parental re-sponsibilities to state social structures, motherhood based on emotional dependence on one's child. The author presents proposals for the formation of a maternal role based on a cognitive approach.
15
Omeragić, Merima. "THE MOTHERHOOD CONTINENT AS A WRITING SPACE IN THE WORKS OF JASMINA TEŠANOVIĆ." Folia linguistica et litteraria XII, no. 34 (April 2021): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31902/fll.34.2021.7.
Full textAbstract:
The phenomenon of motherhood is a challenging focus for research in the feminist literary theory/critique. The motherhood continent as a controversial point of contention in the society has become (or remains) a polemicized field between the traditionalism, critical, essentialist feminism and epistemology. Advocating for the deconstruction of social postulates of patriarchy starts with a revision of the positive connotations of motherhood, demonization of abortion/birth control, and the right to birth self-determination. In the struggle for power and control at the waning of matriarchy, the androcentric order established the purpose, model and objectives of motherhood. The examination in this work destabilizes elements of motherhood in A Women's Book, The Mermaids, Matrimonium, and Nefertiti Was Here. The objective of this work is to deconstruct the concept of motherhood that is present in our paternal/patriarchal traditions by denouncing the harmful and deeply rooted stereotypes. Simultaneously the work exposes and highlights the need for affirmation of authentic feminine legacy, elucidates aspects of the mother daughter relationship, and promotes the accomplishments of regional literature. In this scientific approach to the phenomenon of motherhood, the work makes use of such theoretical concepts as: ideology of intensive motherhood, creation of body language and women's writing, motherly instinct, maternal ideology, matriarchy and mythology, the black continent, identification with the mother, as well as the mother-daughter relationship, the child's belonging, motherhood and non-motherhood and abortion-birth sterility. The inclusion of these themes in the narratives is an indicative question of the subjective affirmative experience of motherhood, where we find transcendental impulses for generating women's language and creation, which juxtapose ideological norms, intensity of motherhood and achieve autonomy in literary creation.
16
Cook, Rebecca J., and Bernard M. Dickens. "The Injustice of Unsafe Motherhood." Developing World Bioethics 2, no. 1 (May 2002): 64–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-8847.00036.
Full text
17
Verpatova, O. Yu. "IDEALIZATION OF ROLE BEHAVIOR IN THE SPACE OF SOCIAL NETWORKS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE IMAGE OF THE IDEAL MOTHER)." Bulletin of the Tver State Technical University. Series «Social Sciences and Humanities», no. 4 (2020): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.46573/2409-1391-2020-4-54-59.
Full textAbstract:
It is noted that social networks embody the idea of simulacra, described in the works of Zh. Baudrillard. The problem of forming the image of the "ideal mother" using a social platform such as Instagram is analyzed. The content analysis method identifies and describes various aspects of the representation of motherhood by popular bloggers and analyzes the possible risks of consuming this content by users.
18
Vavulinskaya, Lyudmila. "Contemporary Historical Literature on Family and Motherhood in Postwar Decades (1945–1965)." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 3 (July 2020): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2020.3.4.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. The paper offers an analysis of historical studies on family and motherhood in post-war decades published in the 21st century, gives an account of the achievements of modern historiography on the subject, outlines the tasks for further studies. These topics have become compelling because of the declining value of motherhood and a prolonged demographic crisis in Russia. Methods. The historiographic analysis in this article is based on the thematic-chronological method supplemented with the systemic, typological and comparative-historical techniques permitting the literature available on the subject to be systematized and analyzed. The article primarily focuses on publications by Russian historians. Analysis. The main specific areas of research on family and motherhood are characterized. It is remarked that the pool of sources available has increased, and new research approaches and practices have been introduced. Contemporary authors have focused their attention on the analysis of the ideological background and principles of the Soviet gender policy, on the machinery of constructing the myth about equality of Soviet women. New aspects have been addressed, such as family private life, domestics role in its functioning, family conflict resolution practices, change in womans biological status over time, socio-ethical meaning of government awards for women, womans image reconstruction in post-war Soviet press. Researchers characterized the various stages in the Soviet family policy, marriage and family relationships in urban and rural communities. Studies on the legislative regulation of the family policy, social support to motherhood and childhood in postwar decades continued. The significance of the measures taken in this period to establish a system of medical aid and social guarantees and benefits for mothers was emphasized. The authors, however, remarked the persistent double work load on women, inequalities in payment rates and career. Results. The substantial progress has been achieved in the coverage of the issue of family and motherhood in two post-war decades. The tendency for multidisciplinary research has been growing; new aspects of the problem have been investigated. At the same time, the issue of the organization of the family welfare system, womens value systems, their attitudes towards the social policy and methods of adaptation to the living conditions should be addressed in more detail.
19
Braude, P. R. "Changing Conceptions of Motherhood." Journal of Medical Ethics 23, no. 1 (February 1, 1997): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.23.1.62.
Full text
20
Herasymenko, Larysa O. "POSTNATAL PERIOD PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 2 (2019): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201902124.
Full textAbstract:
The result of labour is not only the birth of a child but also the formation of a mother, woman who has got to know motherhood. Moreover there is a radical change in the social status of the couple as a whole. It turns into a mother and father. The consequence of this is a change in attitude towards yourself and others, that is, the transformation of the personality. This explains why during pregnancy and delivery the risk of family problems worsening rises sharply and somatic and neuropsychic disorders emerge. The aim of the work is to describe and systematically outline the main psychological and psychiatric aspects of the postnatal period in the life of a woman and a child. Changes occur in the life of a woman, and the possible to diagnose the manifestations of disharmonious development in a timely manner, to prevent and help to solve them constructively. The information is presented taking into account both historical aspects and the state of the issue in modern society.
21
Pande, Vincent Sebastian. "Contribution of Men in Safe Motherhood." International Journal of Public and Private Perspectives on Healthcare, Culture, and the Environment 4, no. 1 (January 2020): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijppphce.2020010103.
Full textAbstract:
This study sought to ascertain the different ways in which men contribute to safe motherhood, particularly during pregnancy care. The main question was to what extent men play their roles during pregnancy care? In order to solve this question, the study employed simple random and purposive techniques to select a sample size of 165 respondents among the four selected wards in Dodoma Municipality. Questionnaires and interview methods were used to collect data from the selected respondents. Data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences version 20 and the results were presented in tables. From the analysis, it was found that majority of men are beginning to take care of their wives during their pregnancy, supporting them on aspects of finance, emotional, and with advice. The findings further reveal that men still have little contribution on issues related to antenatal care visits. This implies that reproductive health education should be promoted to the community and to men in specific in order to raise their awareness and involvement in pregnancy care.
22
Ruszkiewicz, Dorota. "Negative Aspects of Nonrealization of Motherhood – Opinions and Sentiments of Childless Women." Pedagogika Rodziny 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fampe-2015-0023.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The issues presented in this publication are situated within the framework of qualitative research. The research concerns negative aspects stemming from not experiencing motherhood present in the narrative of women aged 35-42 years old. The aim of the research is identifying the disadvantages of childlessness as perceived by mature women. The research was performed on 38 women. The criterion of the research sample selection, apart from age, was being unmarried (a woman’s marital status was “unmarried”, “divorced” or “widow”; women in cohabitational relationships were not excluded) and childless. The surveyed women were therefore asked the question: Do you notice some losses resulting from not functioning in the role of a mother? On the basis of central topics, i.e. topics that prevailed in the interviews, 5 response categories were determined: discrimination in the workplace, social stigma, discrimination in public space, not following the road leading to happiness and fulfilment, and loneliness in old age.
23
Hudson, Nicky. "Egg Donation Imaginaries: Embodiment, Ethics and Future Family Formation." Sociology 54, no. 2 (August 28, 2019): 346–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038519868625.
Full textAbstract:
This article considers the sociological utility of the ‘imaginary’ for understanding how a growing number of women who seek to conceive using donated eggs might make sense of their future desires, hopes and ambivalences. By combining the imaginary with insights from authors working on ideas about everyday or ‘ordinary’ ethics it considers how deliberations about egg donation take place and how future motherhood is constructed. Three main aspects of what are referred to as ‘egg donation imaginaries’ are defined: ‘imagining donor egg motherhood’; ‘imagining donor motivations’; and ‘imagining the donor’. The article illustrates how the imaginary is a valuable analytical device because it illuminates how ideas, ambivalences, deliberations and reflections about future family building are deeply social, embodied and reflexive. The imaginary advances sociological theorising of reproduction more generally and helps to bridge existing tensions between individual practices and wider social and policy imaginaries.
24
KEMKES-GROTTENTHALER, ARIANE. "POSTPONING OR REJECTING PARENTHOOD? RESULTS OF A SURVEY AMONG FEMALE ACADEMIC PROFESSIONALS." Journal of Biosocial Science 35, no. 2 (April 2003): 213–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193200300213x.
Full textAbstract:
The current surge in childlessness is often seen as an alternative lifestyle amidst growing pluralism and individualism. The results of this study indicate that several subgroups of childless women need to be differentiated: those who actively decide to forgo children in favour of other life pursuits and those who merely defer the decision. Both have accumulated a high degree of human capital in their education or career-building paths. Thus, the increase of a woman's time invested in education or career formation takes its toll on the time available for childrearing. A survey performed among female academics (N=193) brought to light that among childless women, many merely mean to postpone motherhood until their career prospects are established. Differences between those who outwardly reject motherhood and those who defer the decision can be seen in a variety of job- and career-related aspects. However, due to misconceptions about fertility, many of those who merely intended to postpone children may inevitably end up ‘involuntarily childless’. As this trend is most likely to increase in the near future, the resolution of this conflict will be an important milestone in the development of modern industrialized countries. As can be seen from this survey, financial benefits will not induce women to enter into motherhood. Rather, societal and infrastructural changes have to be brought about in order to induce women to enter into motherhood.
25
Ραβδάς (Pantelis Ravdas), Παντελής. "Surrogate Motherhood in Greece: Statistical Data Derived from Court Decisions." Bioethica 3, no. 2 (November 22, 2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bioeth.19723.
Full textAbstract:
Gestational surrogacy is legal in Greece since 2002, under conditions that include a court decision granting permission prior to the transfer of reproductive material to the gestational surrogate.Quantitative and qualitative statistical data compiled from 256 relevant court decisions issued between 2003 - 2017 outline the profile of intended mothers (and fathers) that resorted to gestational surrogacy as well as the profile of women that offered to become gestational carriers. Core aspects of the evergreen legal and social debate on surrogate motherhood are revisited under the light of this indicative part of its application in practice.
26
Muzychuk, Tatyana, Svetlana Kulakova, Yury Suslov, and Anastasia Samoylova. "Criminal-Personal Features of Convicted Women of Childbearing Age in Russian Penitentiary Institutions." Russian Journal of Criminology 12, no. 4 (September 14, 2018): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2018.12(4).525-530.
Full textAbstract:
The paper discusses the criminological characteristics of convicted women in penitentiary institutions. It is based on the authors own observations, the analysis of disciplinary practices and crimes of convicted women and the reports of various departments of the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service in 2015-2017. Due to the social function of women, the problem of female crime and its prevention is currently urgent and requires a prompt solution. Most incarcerated women are of child-bearing age, some of them enter the penitentiary system already being pregnant, others become pregnant after extended visits by their husbands. The authors identify and analyze personal and criminological aspects of convicted womens behavior in the context of their motherhood. The paper stresses the behavioral characteristics of convicted women connected with motherhood in the conditions of isolation (the phenomenon of motherhood in the conditions of penitentiary isolation). The penitentiary system should provide the necessary conditions for mothers and their newborn children, which puts an additional specific burden on penitentiary systems employees responsible for achieving the goals of punishment, correction of inmates, observance of regime and prevention of repeat crimes.
27
Bonnicksen, Andrea L. "Fetal Motherhood: Toward a Compulsion to Generate Lives?" Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 6, no. 1 (1997): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100007568.
Full textAbstract:
A scientist at Edinburgh University announced in 1994 that he had removed ovaries from, mouse fetuses and transplanted them, to adult mice. The ovaries released eggs, and conceptions occurred. Although this was not the first such attempt with mice, the study attracted attention because the researcher suggested, that fetal to adult ovarian transplants were a theoretical possibility for humans. If aborted, fetuses were used, as egg sources in assisted conception, a new entity would arise: the never-born genetic mother. Using eggs from aborted fetuses for conception would lead to quixotic and novel family ties. Its use would echo surrogate gestational motherhood, in which a child has both a genetic mother who contributed her egg and a gestational mother who contributed her uterus for gestation and childbirth. With fetal egg use, however, the child's genetic mother would be a never-born fetus without sentience or known, physiology.
28
Rorato, Laura. "Narratives of Displacement: The Challenges of Motherhood and Mothering in semi-fictional works by Laura Pariani, Mary Melfi, and Donatella Di Pierantonio." International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies 6, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijclts.v.6n.1p.75.
Full textAbstract:
This article analyses the representation of the impact of migration on family dynamics in three autobiographical works: Laura Pariani’s Il piatto dell’angelo (2013), Mary Melfi’s Italy Revisited. Conversations with my Mother (2009), and Antonella Di Pietrantonio’s Mia madre è un fiume (2011). All three authors were directly or indirectly affected by the wave of emigration that took place in Italy between the end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. Pariani extends her observations to the present by focusing also on those South American women who are currently moving to Italy to work as cares for old people, often leaving their families behind. Motherhood and mothering are central themes in all three books. These works problematise the patriarchal notion of motherhood and highlight the need to move towards alternative concepts of motherhood that do not imply the subordination of women. Additionally, this article offers a reflection on the role that creative writing can play in challenging some of the most engrained stereotypes, such as those of the good mother versus the bad mother, partially related to our Christian tradition. Building on Podnieks and O’Reilly’s notion of “maternal texts” (1-2), this article argues that through fiction women are less inhibited in exploring the thornier aspects of motherhood as a social construction than they seem to be in everyday life.
29
Khan, Md Mamun, Md S. M. Jakaria, Choudhury Farhana Jhuma, and Md Shahgahan Miah. "Challenges of Single Motherhood in Socio-Cultural Context: A Qualitative Study in Rural areas of Bangladesh." Space and Culture, India 10, no. 2 (September 29, 2022): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v10i2.1282.
Full textAbstract:
The growing number of divorces and separations induces the frequency of single mothers facing challenges in the mainstream socio-economic realities in Bangladesh. Past studies focused on structural aspects, economic hardship, and psychological issues of single mothers, mainly in the urban context. Nevertheless, the challenges in rural settings vary from urban single motherhood, and this aspect remains understudied. This qualitative narrative aims to analyse the challenges of single mothers in rural settings in Bangladesh. Twenty-eight in-depth interviews and ten key informant interviews were conducted using semi-structured interview guidelines. Thematic analysis identified four major themes of the rural single mothers’ challenges, social, economic, cultural, and psychological, leading a single mother to become dependent on other family members or relatives. The underlying factor of the challenges was the deprivation of property, patriarchal social structure, and social stigma. Rural single mothers face more complex challenges than urban ones because of the lack of income opportunities, insecurity, and self-dependencies. Findings will contribute to recommending and formulating a policy for the single mother considering the local realities of the rural single mothers in Bangladesh.
30
Atmadja, Sardjana, and Gulam Gumilar. "UPDATE HEALTH POLICY DECISION MAKING IN SAFE MOTHERHOOD REGIONAL ISSUE." ADI Journal on Recent Innovation (AJRI) 1, no. 2 (December 9, 2019): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.34306/ajri.v1i2.38.
Full textAbstract:
More than a half million women die every year because of complications related to pregnancy and child birth. Nearly all these deaths take place in developing countries. The disparity between maternal death rates in developing and developed countries is greater than for any other common category of death. Poor maternal health during pregnancy is directly linked to poor health in the infant. Therefore, a mother’s health and survival continues to be critically important throughout a child’s life. Pregnant women and children suffer first and most under poor socioeconomic conditions. To reduce maternal and morbidity in half by the 2000, the safe motherhood initiative was launched. The success of safe motherhood initiative depends on the active participation of a wide range of individuals and organizations who can contribute ideas, skills, and funds, because the problem stems not only from inadequate health services, but mostly also from the social, cultural, and economic environment in which women live. Health policy decision making in safe mother-hood at least should be based on the assessment of Maternal Health situation and health services and the assessment of socio- cultural aspects of safe motherhood of each region.
31
Lysenko, O. F., and M. V. Safonova. "INDICATORS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS FOR MOTHERHOOD AND PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL MEASURES FOR ITS FORMATION." Bulletin of Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafiev 56, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25146/1995-0861-2021-56-2-278.
Full textAbstract:
Statement of the problem. The article presents an analysis and discussion of the results of diagnostic assessment among pregnant women, allowing us to draw conclusions on indicators of psychological preparedness for motherhood. The purpose the article is to outline the necessary areas of work with women on the way to the formation of the maternal sphere in ontogenesis. Materials and Methods. The research methodology consists of the concept of the formation of the “maternal need-motivation sphere” by G.G. Filippova, the theory of E.V. Matveeva about psychological readiness for motherhood, as well as the analysis and synthesis of studies on motherhood, psychological readiness for motherhood, questions of perinatal psychology, theory of psychological readiness for activity. The study involved 156 married pregnant women aged 25 to 35 with higher or secondary specialized education, with a pregnancy period of no less than 24 weeks. The following psychodiagnostic methods were applied: the projective drawing test “I and my child” by G.G. Filippova, the modified Dembo-Rubinstein scale by G.G. Filippova, test of the relationship of pregnant I.V. Dobryakov’s test on relationships for pregnant women, and the authors’ questionnaire for pregnant women. Research results. The diagnostic results indicate that 79,3 % of women examined are conditionally ready for motherhood, 15 % are not ready, and only 5,7 % of respondents can be considered psychologically ready for motherhood. The last group of women is characterized by unconditional acceptance of a child, themselves as a mother, and the situation of motherhood in general. The correlation and factor analysis of the obtained data made it possible to distinguish four groups of the most informative indicators of psychological readiness for motherhood in pregnant women: the peculiarities of the current situation of the woman, the mother-and-child system, family relations and the social and domestic situation. There are also widely presented factors that make it difficult to form a psychological readiness for motherhood: unfavorable experience of relationships with their own parents, difficulties in establishing emotional contact, lack of knowledge and experience in caring for children. There is a need to work with these aspects before pregnancy. Conclusions are drawn on the importance of comprehensive psychological and pedagogical support of a woman on the way to the formation of the maternal sphere of her personality in relation to genesis, which contributes to the development of psychological preparedness for motherhood.
32
Mykhailyshyn, Halyna, and Olena Budnyk. "Features of Social and Educational Support of Young Parents and their Children." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 5, no. 1 (April 20, 2018): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.5.1.107-113.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents social and educational aspects of early (teenage) pregnancy, young motherhood. The authors grounded negative consequences of early pregnancy and the peculiarities of social and educational support for young parents and their children. The authors described experience Centre for Teen Parents: moral and psychological preparation of pregnant teenagers to deliver the baby, directions and methods of working with young families, especially setting up comfortable psychological interaction using innovative methods of working with preschool children, providing conditions for young mothers to continue education in schools, counseling young families on resolving housing issues, financial support and others.
The paper emphasizes the need for preventive work to keep teenagers from pregnancy, carrying out social and educational events in terms of promoting healthy and responsible parenthood and others
33
Łamejko, Daria. "Macierzyństwo jako wartość filozoficzna i moralna." Etyka 36 (December 1, 2003): 193–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.14394/etyka.409.
Full textAbstract:
The article concentrates on attempts of treating the maternal perspective as valuable in moral philosophy. The author traces the evolution of maternal behaviours in history and reconstructs the development of ethical theories determining women’s proper role in society. She raises the question why none of the philosophers gave any consideration to the maternal experience. Her conclusion is that traditional philosophical discourse assumes motherhood as just part of a wide group of issues determined as ,,family”. Classical philosophers claim that maternal love is natural and innate so it cannot be valuable. Their analyses fail to take account of maternal experience as a source of moral virtues like self-sacrifice, patience, responsibility, care or devalues this terms as not so important as male virtues like impartiality, non-interference, justice or individual’s autonomy. The author presents an alternative, new, female approach to morality. Simone de Beauvoir, Lucy Irigaray and Adrienne Rich criticize classical vision of motherhood in Western culture. They challenge traditional conviction of producing children as a natural destiny of all women determined by inborn maternal instinct. They treat maternal function in category of independent and deliberate choice. This new perspective replace traditional approach describing motherhood in terms of reproduction and ,,natural obligation”. Motherhood in modern thinking is something more than biological production of children. The figure of mother could become an important symbol in ethics and various aspects of our culture. Acceptance of women’s culture would show that women have the same moral and social authority as man. In conclusion the author emphasize the need to present motherhood as a remarkable philosophical and moral value in modern ethics.
34
Galbraith, Mhairi, Hugh V. McLachlan, and J. Kim Swales. "Commercial Agencies and Surrogate Motherhood: A Transaction Cost Approach." Health Care Analysis 13, no. 1 (March 2005): 11–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10728-005-2567-3.
Full text
35
Karami, Negin, Sohila Faghfori, and Esmaeil Zohdi. "The Image of Woman as Motherhood in Rabindranath Tagore’s Gora." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 6, no. 9 (September 1, 2016): 1841. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0609.17.
Full textAbstract:
This article evaluates the image of a traditional Indian motherhood in Gora written by Rabindranath Tagore. In Gora, Tagore portrays a divine mother and a goddess as well as the conception of the central character in relation to development of social, political, religious, and economical decisions of male. Yet, he insists that woman has the important roles in man’s life and she should make the best identity for her own life in the family or in the larger society. However, This essay can be read as the ideology of a feminine ideal that compares nature of India motherland with mother of everyone in all aspects of life but it examines distinctions between Tagore and Wollstonecraft concerning women’s role as mothers within the family because as a feminist she argues that the rights of women are demanded within the republic. In order to explore Rabindranath Tagore’s treatment of motherhood, Virginia Woolf’s perspective will be analyzed in respect to her feministic approach. So, disregarding how Tagore demonstrates the idea of words, Woolf realizes ideal of motherhood was essential in women’s life and develops a female atmosphere in which women portray their status in the real world and fight against their patriarchal mother.
36
Palacios-González, César, and Giulia Cavaliere. "‘Yes’ to mitochondrial replacement techniques and lesbian motherhood: a reply to Françoise Baylis." Journal of Medical Ethics 45, no. 4 (November 21, 2018): 280–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2018-105060.
Full textAbstract:
In a recent paper – Lesbian motherhood and mitochondrial replacement techniques: reproductive freedom and genetic kinship – we argued that lesbian couples who wish to have children who are genetically related to both of them should be allowed access to mitochondrial replacement techniques (MRTs). Françoise Baylis wrote a reply to our paper –‘No’ to lesbian motherhood using human nuclear genome transfer– where she challenges our arguments on the use of MRTs by lesbian couples, and on MRTs more generally. In this reply we respond to her claims and further clarify our position.
37
Tawasil, Amina. "Towards the Ideal Revolutionary Shi’i Woman: The Howzevi (Seminarian), the Requisites of Marriage and Islamic Education in Iran." Hawwa 13, no. 1 (May 6, 2015): 99–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692086-12341273.
Full textAbstract:
The ethnographic fieldwork I conducted in Iran reveals how some religious conservative howzevi (seminarian) women understand marriage and motherhood as constitutive of idealized womanhood. For them, the pursuit of marriage and motherhood simultaneously enables their participation in the highest levels of Islamic education and their religious and political authority in Iran. Such aspirations imposed both regulatory and emancipatory effects on the howzevi’s life. Two self-imposed practices I observed from women were the practice of asking permission from the husband, and having the desire to marry a man whom she expected would want to be asked for permission. I underline the hidden yet enabling aspects of these practices. I show what a system of mutual exchange of responsibilities between nafaqeh (full financial provision) and eta’at (obedience) look like as features of a howzevi marriage. I argue that it was precisely the howzevi’s observances of this mutual exchange and other constraints that facilitated her educational, social and political mobility.
38
van Zyl, L. "Interpretations, perspectives and intentions in surrogate motherhood." Journal of Medical Ethics 26, no. 5 (October 1, 2000): 404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.26.5.404.
Full text
39
Shcherbinin, Pavel. "Protection of motherhood and infancy in the first decade of Soviet government in the Tambov Region (1918–1928)." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 179 (2019): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2019-24-179-186-197.
Full textAbstract:
The social policy regarding motherhood and infancy, including the system of social protection of orphans in the Tambov Governorate in the first decade of Soviet government (1918–1928) was specially and comprehensively studied in the context of state, public and private support of the agrarian society. The focus was on the reconstruction of the conformity of the program of maternity and childhood protection proclaimed by the Soviet government at the regional level. On the basis of a wide range of primary materials (archival sources, periodicals, published materials) various little-known aspects of a scientific problem are representatively investigated. We summarize the successful and unsuccessful experience of the formation of a welfare state system and public initiatives of the medical community and women’s departments in provincial Russia, which often had significant differences from metropolitan events and management decisions. A staged organization has been identified of creating subdivisions of motherhood and infancy, the actual care of orphans at the regional and county level, which makes it possible to assess the op-portunities and needs of social protection and the care of children in urban and rural society during the chronological period. We clarify the transformation of social institutions in relation to the maternity and childhood, both at the level of the governorate and at the county level. The situation of abandoned children and the social policy of transferring these children to private education are specifically considered, the financial problems associated with the transfer of orphans to childless peasant families are assessed. The main trends of social care for the “children of misfortune”, the motives for helping and supporting them by the local community, collectives of enterprises and state institutions of the period under review are revealed. Conclusions are made about the results and historical regional experience and traditions, peculiarities of supporting motherhood and childhood at the level of the province and counties, which made it possible to successfully reconstruct this social protection system of the new Soviet Russia. Attention is drawn to the importance of taking into account regional specifics and concrete historical manifestations of the social state in the era of social cataclysms (Revolution, Civil War, Antonovschina, New Economic Policy), as well as assessing social and political, social and cultural tendencies of the Soviet government.
40
Anyfioti, Vasiliki, and Maria Luca. "The missing piece: an interpretative phenomenological study of the experience of unresolved infertility for women." Journal of Psychological Therapies 5, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33212/jpt.v5n1.2020.22.
Full textAbstract:
This article is based on a larger interpretative phenomenological study exploring the lived experience of women who have faced unresolved infertility, and which aimed to understand and interpret the meaning of infertility, its emotional implications, and the coping mechanisms of sufferers. The five participants were women who faced primary infertility, whilst being with a partner, having undergone treatment, and who had not encountered (at least initially) other handicaps critical to their infertility. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews and the narratives were analysed using Smith’s Interpretative Phenomenological Approach (IPA). The four superordinate themes identified were: (1) meaning of motherhood; (2) being in treatment; (3) consciously facing infertility; and (4) moving on. Due to word count limitations, this article only focuses on: “meaning of motherhood” and “consciously facing infertility”, with the intention to publish a different article to address the remaining two themes. The combination of themes was determined by considering how to wholesomely present the most essential aspects of the narrative as related to us by the participants. The themes included in this article explore how archetypical beliefs about motherhood and fertility help define cultural, societal, and personal expectations, and in turn affect the magnitude and intensity of infertility’s psychological impact. The findings emphasise the complexity of the phenomenon and how it can impinge on all aspects of life. Sufferers were found to experience complex loss, relating to their identity and self-esteem, life purpose, but also relationships and social integration. These profound psychological effects can be particularly long lasting due to the lifelong nature of the phenomenon but also the shame and secrecy surrounding it.
41
Santos, Vera, Márcio Moura, João Paulo Pinto, Vítor Almeida, and José Maio. "Características sócio-demográficas das puérperas e seguimento da gravidez: o que mudou em 17 anos?" Acta Médica Portuguesa 24, no. 6 (June 20, 2012): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.1430.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, the time for motherhood has been postponed, which is related to social aspects and can lead to health problems for the pregnant women and the child. An appropriate follow-up of the pregnancy is essential for identification and early treatment of possible complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate some social and demographic characteristics and the pregnancy follow-up among puerperas, in two different times separated by 17 years (1991 e 2008). In this study, we found that the birth of a first child occurs now later, is more planned and happens more frequently outside of marriage. The postponement of motherhood can be associated with an increased rate of miscarriages. There has been a decrease in the rate of induced abortions, which is probably the result of the implementation of strategies for family planning. We noticed a decline in the number of pregnancies that had not a proper follow-up, demonstrating the improvement of health care. The immigrant population is responsible for about one quarter of the births in the Algarve, with a higher percentage of unplanned pregnancies, which eventually might be related to socio-economic vulnerabilities, but no difference was found in the surveillance of pregnancy, demonstrating a good accessibility of this population to health care. It is essential the existence of information about the risks of a late pregnancy and of social infrastructures to support motherhood at younger ages. Pregnancy surveillance programs have been successful, but there are still gaps in obstetric monitoring. Despite good results in terms of surveillance of pregnancy, the immigrant population may present some vulnerabilities, which means that their access to maternal and child health care should be monitored.
42
Rakhmawati, Fariza Yuniar. "Experience of Indonesian Working Mothers during Covid-19 Pandemic." Jurnal Kajian Peradaban Islam 5, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47076/jkpis.v5i1.128.
Full textAbstract:
Indonesia is in a state of emergency related to the Covid-19 pandemic which has brought major disruptions to social and economic aspects, including in the family. When schools and daycare facilities are closed due to the Covid-19, working mothers faced professional problems in balancing work and family duties. This research aims to understand the motherhood experience of Indonesian working mothers in the Covid-19 pandemic. The study was conducted to collect in-depth interview data with a semi-structured scale on six working mothers in various fields. The results showed that the strain of Indonesian working mothers escalates during the Covid-19 pandemic. Working mothers are finding it challenging to divide their time and energy between employment and childcare. They felt guilty for their children because they prioritized working rather than parenting. They also experience burnout in the form of physical and emotional exhaustion with professional obligations and child caretaking. The mothers’ emotional turbulence may lead to children maltreatment. However, some mothers reported their work and motherhood dynamic can be resolved with a good support system, particularly from husband.
43
WINDEBANK, JAN. "Political motherhood and the everyday experience of mothering: a comparison of the child care strategies of French and British working mothers." Journal of Social Policy 28, no. 1 (January 1999): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279499005486.
Full textAbstract:
In contrast to the majority of research on the relationship between women and the state which bases its findings on nationally aggregated data and concentrates its analysis on the forces which shape national policy concerning gender, this article adopts a micro-social approach to this question. Based on the findings from an in-depth qualitative cross-national study of the child care strategies of 112 mothers working in secretarial or clerical occupations in two countries with very different configurations of ‘political motherhood’, namely, France and Britain, the article assesses the impact of these varying policy environments on the construction of mothering in the everyday lives of employed women. It finds that different configurations of political motherhood have a significant impact on the practical aspects of these women's child care strategies but less impact on their fundamental conceptions of the duties and responsibilities of mothering. It concludes by considering the significance of these findings for current debates concerning the role of the state in perpetuating or combating unequal gender relations.
44
Shcherbinin, Pavel P., Nelli Yu Bolshakova, Daria L. Simonova, and Valeriia S. Malchikova. "Ways to solve issues related to adolescent motherhood (scientific review)." Medicine and Physical Education: Science and Practice, no. 12 (2021): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2658-7688-2021-3-4(12)-49-59.
Full textAbstract:
The World Health Organization, arguing for the need to invest in the health and development of adolescents, notes that its work helps to improve the health and well-being of millions of adolescents who experience problems such as depression, anemia, HIV infection, promotes the introduction of a healthy lifestyle, prevention of health problems that may occur in adulthood (for example, cardiovascular diseases and lung cancer caused by low levels of physical activity and smoking, problems originating in adolescence). Investments in adolescent health will also prevent problems in the next generations, in particular, such as prematurity and low body weight in children born to very young mothers. Among the significant factors contributing to the achievement of low childbearing activity in adolescence, the low level of abortions and HIV infection among young people, the fact was especially emphasized that it is in these countries that parents and the public positively perceive the sexuality of young people, and sexual relations are considered a logical and natural continuation of a long-term relationship between a young man and a girl, a serious component of emotionally healthy adulthood. The sexual behavior of adolescents in developed European countries is primarily a matter of harmonious development and public health. Most adults do not consider adolescent sex an issue as long as the “rules of protected sex” are maintained. Experts of the World Health Organization, in cooperation with UNICEF headquarters, have developed an orientation program “Adolescent Health”. The presence of the phenomena of adolescent pregnancy and fertility, the negative consequences that may accompany these phenomena and the possibility of reducing their level indicate the need to develop appropriate programs, among which early pregnancy prevention programs should take an important place. Social readaptation of young mothers should take into account the following aspects: social, psycho-correctional, medical, career guidance, legal.
45
Andrews, Lori B. "The Aftermath of Baby M: Proposed State Laws on Surrogate Motherhood." Hastings Center Report 17, no. 5 (October 1987): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3562669.
Full text
46
Baylis, Françoise. "‘No’ to lesbian motherhood using human nuclear genome transfer." Journal of Medical Ethics 44, no. 12 (May 25, 2018): 865–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2018-104860.
Full textAbstract:
Giulia Cavaliere and César Palacios-González argue that lesbian couples should have access to human nuclear genome transfer (so-called mitochondrial replacement) so that both members of the couple can have a genetic link to the child they intend to parent. Their argument is grounded in an appeal to reproductive freedom. In this Response, I address a number of concerns with their argument. These concerns relate to nomenclature, treating like cases alike, genetic-relatedness and the limits of reproductive rights. On this last point, I insist that we should not mistake ‘wants’ for ‘needs’ or ‘rights’. I maintain that there is no right to biological parenthood, there is no compelling need for human nuclear genome transfer to satisfy a so-called need for genetically-related children, and we ought not to pander to an acquired desire (ie, want) for genetic filiation.
47
Kennedy, Susan. "Willing mothers: ectogenesis and the role of gestational motherhood." Journal of Medical Ethics 46, no. 5 (February 25, 2020): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2019-105847.
Full textAbstract:
While artificial womb technology (ectogenesis) is currently being studied for the purpose of improving neonatal care, I contend that this technology ought to be pursued as a means to address the unprecedented rate of unintended pregnancies. But ectogenesis, alongside other emerging reproductive technologies, is problematic insofar as it threatens to disrupt the natural link between procreation and parenthood that is normally thought to generate rights and responsibilities for biological parents. I argue that there remains only one potentially viable account of parenthood: the voluntarist account, which construes parental rights as robust moral obligations that must be voluntarily undertaken. The problem is that this account mistakenly presumes a patriarchal divide between procreation and parenthood. I propose a reframing of procreation and parenthood from a feminist perspective that recognises gestational motherhood as involving robust moral obligations that ought to be voluntarily undertaken. If this were the case, all gestational mothers would be, by definition, willing mothers. To make this happen I argue that ectogenesis technology must be a widely available reproductive option.
48
Berkowitz, J. M. "Mummy was a fetus: motherhood and fetal ovarian transplantation." Journal of Medical Ethics 21, no. 5 (October 1, 1995): 298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.21.5.298.
Full text
49
Lachaux, B., and V. Renaud. "Contraception, sterilisation and the mentally ill: beyond Manicheanism, some reference points." European Psychiatry 13, S3 (1998): 125s—128s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(98)80044-8.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryThe problem of contraception, sterilisation and the mentally ill is one of the key questions in medical ethics. Even if these two aspects bring into question a person's autonomy in two of the most intimate and fundamental aspects of life — sexuality and motherhood — they should not be confused as they differ greatly in terms of their reversibility. The essential question is rather one of individual freedom and its defence in situations where the subject is unable to defend himself either temporarily or in the long term. The fine line between individual and collective interests poses questions in terms of where to draw this line and the way in which it is defined in care situations. From this viewpoint, carers — that is, doctors and nurses, but also social workers and the patient's entourage — play an important role, not only in theory but also in day-to-day reality.
50
McLachlan, H. V. "Defending commercial surrogate motherhood against Van Niekerk and Van Zyl." Journal of Medical Ethics 23, no. 6 (December 1, 1997): 344–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.23.6.344.
Full text