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Warrick, Rona Lee, and rona warrick@deakin edu au. "Motherhood and health: Perception and practice." Deakin University, 1995. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20070614.112804.
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Storeng, Katerini T. "Safe motherhood : the making of a global health initiative." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2010. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/1487656/.
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Losak, Bonnie. "Ambient Light: Essays on Marriage, Motherhood, and Mental Health." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3668.
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AMBIENT LIGHT: ESSAYS ON MARRIAGE, MOTHERHOOD, AND MENTAL
HEALTH is a collection of ten personal and lyric essays interspersed with poems
that speak to the subject or tone of the essay that follows. These essays examine
the narrator’s experiences as mother, wife, and daughter, and explore the manner
in which the different roles bleed into one another. The narrator’s impending
divorce and the events that coalesce around it shape these essays into a coherent
whole.
In the spirit of Brenda Miller’s lyric essays, the essays collected in AMBIENT
LIGHT: ESSAYS ON MARRIAGE, MOTHERHOOD, AND MENTAL HEALTH, use
rich, imagistic language to tell of places and times both reflective and speculative in
nature. They speak to the all-too-common dilemma of balancing motherhood with a
demanding professional life, while also considering less ordinary issues, such as
one child’s mental health challenges and another’s run-ins with the law.
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Chernyaeva, Natalia Lewin Ellen. "Childcare manuals and construction of motherhood in Russia, 1890-1990." Iowa City : University of Iowa, 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/344.
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Edwards-Ingram, Ywone. "Medicating slavery: Motherhood, health care, and cultural practices in the African diaspora." W&M ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623482.
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A sophisticated exploration of the intricacies of motherhood and health care practices of people of African descent, especially the enslaved population of Virginia, can shed light on their notions of a well-lived life and the factors preventing or contributing to these principles. I situate my dissertation within this ideal as I examine how the health and well-being of enslaved people were linked to broader issues of economic exploitation, domination, resistance, accommodation, and cultural interactions. Historical and archaeological studies have shown that the living and working conditions of enslaved people were detrimental to their health. Building on these findings, I explore how aware were blacks of these impediments to their well-being and the pursuit of a wholesome life, and what means these populations employed to change the negative tangibles and intangibles of slave societies. These questions are best studied from a multi-disciplinary perspective and by using a variety of evidence.;Therefore, I collate and wed diverse selections of documentary evidence---a complex assortment of texts covering history, oral tradition, and narratives---with material cultural evidence, mainly from archaeological excavations and historic landscapes, to show the complex web of objects, beliefs, and practices that constituted this arena of well-being and autonomy. I discuss how issues of well-being intertwined with gender and race relations and how these were played out in many acts of motherhood and child care, struggles over foods and health care, other verbal and physical fights, and how the landscape and objects were implicated in social relations. I focus on Virginia but use examples from other slave societies for comparative purposes.;Blacks juxtaposed their cultural ways with those of whites and, at times, found the latter below black standards for a wholesome life. Therefore, while being open-minded toward some practices and beliefs from whites, blacks continued to maintain separate activities. This dissertation presents and interprets the ideals and practices of enslaved blacks and their descendants and shows how they created and reinforced their identity as a people capable of caring not only for themselves, but for whites as well.
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Sharma, Sharad Kumar Buppha Sirirassamee. "Utilization of maternal health services an evaluation of safe motherhood program in Nepal /." Abstract, 2003. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2546/cd356/4538005.pdf.
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Magone, Meghan M. "From Maiden to Mother| A Heuristic Exploration of the Initiation Into Motherhood." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1526886.
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This thesis is a heuristic exploration of the psychological death and rebirth women may experience during initiation into motherhood within American culture. Guided by the author’s personal experience, dreams, and myths, this thesis examines the initiatory process and requirements of mothers-to-be and the cultural support typically available during the transformation occurring throughout pregnancy and childbirth. Evidence suggests that too little cultural awareness and structured support of new mothers’ psychological initiatory needs may adversely influence the onset of, and prolong, postpartum depression, a prevalent concern in the United States. In the absence of cultural support, archetypal motifs describing the symbolic and historic transition from maiden to mother may assist initiates through the complex psychological process of becoming mothers. Therefore, depth psychology may provide clinicians and laypeople with awareness of the important and timeless transition new mothers may face, as well as the language to both guide and witness maidens becoming mothers.
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Ransdell, Lisa L. "Postpartum depression and the medicalization of motherhood : a comparison of lay and professional views /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487683401442453.
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Chernyaeva, Natalia. "Childcare manuals and construction of motherhood in Russia, 1890-1990." Diss., University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/344.
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Drawing on the Western feminist tradition to analyze modern childcare advice as part of the "institution of motherhood" (Adrienne Rich), this dissertation explores the role played by the advice literature on childcare in the construction of normative motherhood in Russia from the late Imperial period through Soviet times, from 1890 to 1990. The study focuses on the Protection of Motherhood and Infancy (the OMM) movement, launched by medical professionals at the turn of the twentieth century as a philanthropic project aimed at combating high infant mortality in the country, and follows its transformation after 1917 into the state-sponsored and state-regulated system of medical and economic support for Soviet mothers and children. The fragmented notion of femininity in the Soviet Union, which incorporated both the ideology of women's emancipation (constructed primarily as women's participation in the labor force) and the pronatalist emphasis on women's roles as mothers created a complex interplay between the "emancipatory" and the traditionalist discourses of motherhood in childrearing literature. Due to the uneven character of Russian modernization and the lack of cultural homogeneity between urban and rural populaces, childrearing manuals perpetuated cultural hierarchy between medical specialists and mothers, which resulted in the didacticism of Soviet childrearing advice. Childcare manuals constructed the reader not as a peer, but as, essentially, a student, who needed tutoring and disciplining. The "privatization of the modern" ethos that started to characterize family life in the wake of the housing reform of the 1960s reinforced the notion that mothering was a private and highly personalized experience. This emphasis on the individual resulted in the emergence in the 1970s and in the 1980s of the figure of parent-expert and in the reversal of traditional hierarchical expert-parent framework typical of earlier periods.
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Jambert-Gray, Rosemary Anne. "The lived experience of breastfeeding methadone-treated mothers in early motherhood." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2014. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/19b756fb-59b2-4cb5-a5ba-d8338cc71759.
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Previously documented evidence suggests that motherhood is potentially an important time for change in drug-using behaviour. My research interest for this longitudinal phenomenological study stemmed from practice observations where methadone-treated women struggled to prove their trustworthiness as mothers. They consistently reported frustration in the face of continued professional suspicion of their identity as drugusers. The essence of the phenomenon is therefore described as an existential tension experienced by breastfeeding mothers in methadone maintenance treatment during the first 12 weeks of motherhood. The aim of this thesis is to reveal the previously hidden inter-subjective and social realms of their lived worlds.
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Dickson, Danika Brooke. "Maternal health literacy and physical fitness in early motherhood, child motor development, and home affordances." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43189.
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Health literacy and health-related physical fitness are important variables affecting health across one’s lifespan. Importantly, certain lifespan periods are more vulnerable to changes in health behaviour than others. Due to lifestyle changes and the perception of increased barriers to exercise, regaining pre-pregnancy fitness levels is often difficult. To-date, little is known regarding health literacy and physical fitness in the early years of motherhood. Therefore, the first purpose was to examine differences in health-related physical fitness of health literate mothers with children between the ages of 18 to 36 months compared to health literate non-mothers. In addition, little is known about the influence of health literacy and the home affordances that mothers may provide. As such, the second purpose was to examine whether health literate mothers provide environments with greater opportunities for child development (vs. mothers with low literacy). Sixteen mothers (31.9±3.8y) with a child between the age of 18 and 36 mo and 15 childless women (28.6±5.1y) completed a health literacy battery (Newest Vital Sign (NVS), Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM), Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA)), the Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness, and Lifestyle Approach (CPAFLA), and a physical activity questionnaire. Mothers also completed an Affordances of the Home Environment Motor Development (AHEMD) assessment. Sixteen toddlers (31±6mo) were assessed for motor development using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, 2nd Edition (PDMS-2). Results showed that all women demonstrated high health literacy levels. Non-mothers demonstrated greater health related physical fitness for push-ups (p=.009), partial curl-ups (p=.007), and vertical jump (p=.033) vs. mothers. In contrast, mothers performed significantly better on grip strength (p=.043). There was a trend between higher reading scores (REALM) with greater total variety of stimulation (r(15)=0.73, p=0.060) in the home environment. Increased variety of stimulation was positively correlated with locomotion (r(15)=0.88, p=0.008), object manipulation (r(15)=0.95, p=0.001), and visual-motor integration (r(15)=0.85, p=0.015) scores (PDMS-2). Despite similar health literacy levels, non-mothers demonstrated greater physical fitness; while mothers exhibited fitness levels associated with suboptimal health. Health literate mothers are more likely to expose their children to an environment that leads to greater proficiency on motor development tests.
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Higgins, Harriet. "It's been bitter-sweet : experiences of motherhood for women with long-term mental health problems." Thesis, University of East London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532556.
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In this thesis I present the findings from an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) of the experiences of motherhood for women with long-term mental health problems. An overview of the literature on women with long-term mental health problems suggests that they have often been overlooked by researchers and policy makers. Research has tended to focus on the impact of their mothering on children, and it is argued that there has not been an adequate focus on their experiences of motherhood. I will examine literature outlining discrimination against mothers with mental health problems, and this will be considered in the contexts of their mental health, identity and services. It is suggested that there is a need for a study, using a UK sample, that will contribute to a more complex understandings of the women's' experiences of motherhood from their own perspective. An account is provided of theoretical and procedural issues associated with qualitative research and IPA. I then go on to present an analysis of the interviews of seven participants, who are mothers with long-term mental health problems. Six themes emerged from the accounts that provide a greater understanding of women with long-term mental health problems experiences of motherhood, and in particular the impact of their experiences on the sense they make of their identity. The analysis suggested that the women's sense of themselves as 'normal' mothers felt under threat from a number of different sources, such as an awareness of others negative perceptions of them, the impact of their problems on their children and through comparison of themselves to their own mothers. It was suggested that examples of this sense off threat to their identity were evident in their emphasis on their sense of similarity to other mothers, being different to neglectful mothers, their 'hyper-normality', other aspects of their identity and future selves, and distancing from other service users. At the same time it was also suggested that these examples could indicate a questioning and resistance to others perceptions of them as not being 'normal'. The women also gave accounts of experiences of powerlessness, as a result for example, of difficult social and economic circumstances. A reflexive critical review of the research is considered. Finally the implications of this study are discussed and suggestions made regarding the development of future services.
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Kuronen, Marjo L. A. "The social organisation of motherhood : advice giving in maternity and child health care in Scotland and Finland." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2302.
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This study is a qualitative, cross-cultural research on advice giving for mothers in maternity and child health services in Scotland and Finland. It has been accomplished through local case studies using ethnographic methods. The main objective is to analyse how in these service systems motherhood, women's daily life, and their responsibilities for children's welfare and health are defined and organised, and how these definitions vary across social and cultural contexts. Methodologically, referring to the feminist methodology by Dorothy E. Smith, it is emphasised that beginning from the local and particular, from the everyday practices of health professionals, can provide more general understanding of the social relations that organise motherhood in the two societies. Empirical results of the study are presented under six substantial themes: The first theme discusses different professional groups as service providers and the relationships between them. Second theme concentrates on the clinic and the home as the physical settings of service provision and their professional and cultural meanings. Third section discusses the relationship and interaction between health professionals and their clients. Next two themes are related to the standards of motherhood: expectations for proper motherhood, child care, and family relations of the mothers. The last theme analyses possible conflicts between women's everyday experience and professional expertise in motherhood. The general conclusions drawn from the research suggest that motherhood is socially organised at four different but interrelated levels, named in this study as interactional level, institutional level, welfare state level, and socio-cultural leveL. Advice giving for mothers in maternity and child health care is related to family policy measures, social class and gender systems, historical and cultural tradition, customs, and ways of thinking in a certain society. This complexity underlines the relevance of qualitative approach in comparative research.
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Feeley, Rosemary M. "Marketing, Marginalization, Medicalization, and Motherhood: A Gender Analysis of Health Education Programs Offered to Women and Men." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2009. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/21977.
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SociologyPh.D.
I used multiple methods to study gender issues associated with health lectures that hospitals offer to the public. My purpose was not to evaluate the health-related content, but rather to study the gender messages that accompanied the health messages. One main reason hospitals offered lectures was to attract clients. While many lectures were offered to both sexes, women's lectures outnumbered men's lectures ten to one. One reason to target women was because hospitals offered more services to women than to men. Yet a main finding is that many women's offerings were not based solely on providing services to benefit women themselves, but also on assumptions about women's caregiving of others. Thus, while men were generally marketed to as men, women were often marketed to as mothers or other caregivers. Most speakers engaged in marginalization: while both men and women lecture attendees were treated in ways that denied their status as competent adults, women were also marginalized as women, that is, treated as "other" to a male norm. Additionally, some speakers presented a single interpretation of procedures or conditions as the only interpretation, despite the fact that other interpretations were equally plausible. Examples included offering positive interpretations of unpleasant screening procedures or treatments; attributing gender roles to biology; and attributing women's stress to personality traits. Medicalization and other forms of boundary blurring between health and other topics occurred more frequently for women than men. While some of this difference did not represent gender inequality, some did, such as gender differences in the emphasis placed on physical appearance. Similarly, while all exhibits showing men's nudity were medically instructive, that is, used to demonstrate anatomy or self-examination procedures, some women's nudity was not medically instructive, and thus unnecessary While some caregiving resources were offered to both sexes, many were offered only to women. Targeting caregiving resources to women went beyond merely reflecting the gendered division of caregiving; it also symbolically reproduced it. Further, when "women's" health resources were intended to benefit children and husbands, the boundary between self and others was blurred for women in a way that had no counterpart for men.
Temple University--Theses
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Gaiotto, Lisa. "Motherhood and professional identity in the context of female clinical psychologists with children." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2011. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/10336/.
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Section A situates female clinical psychologists with children within the wider socio-historical context of working-mothers. Theoretical and empirical evidence of modernist and post-modernist approaches on the development of the working-mother identity is provided. This is followed by the literature on mothers employed in the caring profession and in psychology. The review highlights the need to further explore the relationship between social, professional and personal for female clinical psychologists with children within a socio-constructionist perspective. Section B investigates the social and professional challenges encountered by female clinical psychologists with children. Clinical psychology is an increasingly female profession, and many clinical psychologists are or will be mothers. Yet, proportionately fewer reach consultant positions (Band 8c and above) compared to their male colleagues. Existing historical professional structures, and traditional societal ideologies about motherhood and employment might be continuously negotiated within broader social positionings of working-mothers. This study aimed to explore the constructions of a sample of clinical psychologists who are mothers (CP-Ms) of their social identity. Foucauldian discourse analysis was used to explore the discourses available and drawn upon by CP-Ms to construct their professional and motherhood identity, and what were the subject positions they occupied. Ten qualified female clinical psychologists with pre-school children employed in a local NHS Trust were individually interviewed. CP-Ms’ identity was constructed as either a mother or a clinical psychologist, as being similar and different to other working-mothers. CP-Ms discoursed psychological knowledge and practices as potentially damaging their motherhood experience and their social relationships; they also discoursed motherhood and psychology as mutually enriching. Motherhood and professional identity were discoursed in opposition to one another, and yet the participants also constructed their CP-M identity as a continuous dynamic journey of reframing, of which they were agentic. This study suggests that the construction of CP-Ms’ identity is complex as it involves actively negotiating contradictions and overlaps between motherhood and clinical psychology. Further research is needed. Professional and clinical implications are discussed. Section C aims to elaborate on the research skills learnt during the research process, and on the abilities that need to be further developed. It continues with a critical appraisal of the study, before reflecting on possible clinical recommendations. Lastly, a potential new project is presented.
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Barnett, Georgina. "An IPA exploration of women's experiences of being undecided about motherhood in their late thirties." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2016. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/1170/.
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As women’s roles in society have changed and they have had more freedom to pursue other life-goals, decisions about having children are frequently delayed. Consequently, some women find themselves in their late thirties and undecided about motherhood in the face of the relentless ticking of the biological clock. This research explores women’s experiences of being undecided about motherhood between the ages of 35 and 40 when fertility levels begin to decline sharply. Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse semi-structured interviews with five participants. Three major findings were identified. The first was that being at an age where fertility is decreasing and finding oneself undecided about the pursuit of motherhood resulted in feelings of panic and fears regarding the future for some participants. This was influenced by the second major finding – that of societal discourses impacting on the participant’s experience. The third finding was the changing sense of identity and emotional impact experienced by participants in the face of their uncertainty. This suggests a multi-faceted experience which encompasses the intertwining of biological, social and psychological factors. These findings are discussed alongside existing literature in the field to suggest how Counselling Psychologists may support and empower women who are experiencing this stage of their lives as a challenging time.
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Srivastava, Priyanka. "Creating a Healthy and ‘Decent’ Industrial Labor Force: Health, Sanitation, and Welfare in Colonial Bombay, 1896-1945." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1342105685.
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Kuperman, Aubrey. "Scientific motherhood: a positivist approach to patriarchy in fin-de-siècle Argentina." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/865.
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In late nineteenth and early twentieth century Argentina underwent large-scale immigration and fast-paced urban changes commonly associated with the coming of modernity. These changes led to elite fears of potential social instability. They turned to the French philosophy of Positivism, which advocated the view that all social problems could be systematically solved through scientific observation in order to "civilize" the Argentine nation. As a result, the government implemented numerous policies that catered to upholding traditional family structures. The purpose of this thesis is to understand the ways in which these policies affected women of different social classes. In developing my arguments, I use secondary literature from prominent scholars in Argentine history, gender studies, and intellectual history, as well as primary sources, including essays written by prominent officials and elite women, government reports, laws and penal codes. This thesis examines the impact of scientific motherhood on Argentine society. Elite men and women viewed their role in society as that of fathers and mothers to the poor and the working classes. This study permits a broader understanding of the impact of Positivism and European influence on Argentine society and policymaking.B.A.
Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
History
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Cammaroto, Laura J. "Unexpected : identity transformation of postpartum women /." Full-text of dissertation on the Internet (3.19 MB), 2009. http://www.lib.jmu.edu/general/etd/2009/Masters/Cammaroto_LauraJ/cammarlj_masters_12-11-2009.pdf.
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Hassan, Shaima M. "A qualitative study exploring British Muslim women's experiences of motherhood while engaging with NHS maternity services." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2017. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/7412/.
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Women in the UK have access to NHS maternity services and most will attend hospital to give birth in the NHS. Much effort has been undertaken over several decades to improve childbirth and to enhance the experiences of those using NHS maternity services. However, while most women report positive experiences of maternity care, existing evidence suggests that women from ethnic minority groups in the UK have poorer pregnancy outcomes, experience poorer maternity care, are at higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes and have significantly higher severe maternal morbidity than the resident white women (Puthussery, 2016; Henderson et al, 2013; Puthussery et al., 2010; Straus et al., 2009). Muslim women of child-bearing age make up a significant part of UK society, yet their health needs and their experiences of health services have not been extensively researched. The term ‘Muslim’ is often combined with ethnic group identity, rather than used to refer to people distinguished by beliefs, practices or affiliations. Muslim women commonly observe certain religious and cultural practices during their maternity journey and the little research there is in this area suggests that more could be done from a service provision perspective to support Muslim women through this, spiritually and culturally significant life event (McFadden et al., 2013; Alshawish et al., 2013). This study explores Muslim women’s perceived needs and the factors that influence their health seeking decisions during their transition to motherhood. Using a generic qualitative approach, seven English-speaking first time pregnant Muslim women and a Muslim mother who is second time pregnant but experiencing motherhood as a Muslim for the first time, were interviewed at different stages of their maternity journey (antenatal, post-labour and postnatal); five focus groups were conducted with Muslim mothers; and 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals. Thematic analysis of the transcripts revealed that Muslim women: 1) had a unique perspective on motherhood based on Islamic teaching; 2) sourced information from a number of sources, additional to midwives; 3) experienced difficulty expressing their religious requirements when preparing a birth plan; 4) assumed that healthcare professionals would have a negative view of Islam and Islamic birthing practices. While one-to-one interviews revealed that healthcare professionals: 1) varied in their perceptions of Muslim women; 2) had a general awareness of Muslim women’s Islamic practices but not specific to motherhood; 3) sourced cultural and religious information to enhance their understanding of women’s needs and their specific practices; 4) had some challenges when addressing women’s specific religious practices such as fasting; 5) would benefit from cultural/religious competency training that incorporates lived experience and group discussion. The implications for institutions, midwifery practice and further research are outlined. The study concludes that transcultural knowledge and specifically Muslim women’s worldview incorporated into healthcare professional training would enhance the competency and quality of healthcare services.
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Taylor, Nadine. "The road to sainted motherhood : women in the medical discourse in Québec, 1914-1939." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28028.
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In Quebec, between 1914 and 1939, women were portrayed as keepers of the hearth, roles established since the mid-19th century, and further reinforced in the early 20th century when the Western World was threatened with drops in population, high infant mortality and the general ill-health of society. French Canadian physicians were one of the self-proclaimed leaders and experts who maintained they possessed all the knowledge to cure society's ills. Their attention fell principally on the elimination of infant mortality on the one hand, and the promotion of multiple births on the other. To succeed, physicians maintained that while they held the knowledge, women and mothers were ultimately responsible for applying it. Training for motherhood began as early as childhood and would continue until maturity. Medical prescriptions for francophone mothers relied heavily on religion and patriotism to convince them that quality motherhood was necessary if the French Canadian "race" were to survive in an increasing changing landscape.
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Hopkins-Chadwick, Denise L. "Stress, role strain, and health in young enlisted Air Froce women with and without preschool children." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1121698798.
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Du, Toit Elmi. "Single motherhood, parenting and mental health : the lived experience of a single mother from a Coloured community in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27562.
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Single motherhood is a growing phenomenon in South Africa, as it is in the world at large. The concept and structure of a family have changed over the last few decades and no single definition will suffice to describe or define it anymore. Various factors impact on the psychological wellbeing of the single mother. The psychological wellbeing or mental health of the single mother can influence her parenting abilities. The aim of this study is to explore the lived experience of a single mother with three dependent children, to gain a deeper understanding of her experiences as a single mother and the meaning she attaches to it. The point of view of this research is from a constructivist-interpretivist paradigm and from an ecological systems theory approach. This qualitative research study uses a single case study method with unstructured interviews to explore the participant’s experiences. Interpretative phenomenological analysis is used to analyse data, to identify main and sub-themes from the collected data, and to compare these themes with identified themes on single motherhood from existing research. The participant’s lived experience reveals that financial hardship is not the main contributing factor to stress experienced by this single mother. The accumulative effect of diverse stressors and the lack of social support due to prejudice and stigma seem to have a greater effect. This study generates questions around the stigma of single motherhood in South Africa. The reading of this text could raise the reader’s awareness of the challenges faced by single mothers and of prejudice against them. Single mothers are not less capable as individuals of handling the challenges of motherhood and parenting, but they are often exposed to more demands and stressors, compared to partnered mothers. Changing our perspectives on single motherhood can reduce prejudice, offer more social support and improve access to other needed resources.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Psychology
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Chama-Chiliba, Chitalu Miriam. "An economic analysis of maternal health care in Zambia." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40259.
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This thesis investigates the utilisation of maternal health care in Zambia, where despite being a signatory to the Safe Motherhood Initiative and Millennium Development Goals, which are aimed at improving maternal health, indicators of maternal health continue to perform poorly. The need to understand crucial factors in improving maternal health motivated the current research, especially since there is a dearth of literature in this area in Zambia. The thesis focuses on two aspects of maternal health care: antenatal care (ANC) and facility-based deliveries, to answer two broad questions. Firstly, what factors determine the use of ANC in Zambia? Secondly, to what extent has the abolition of user fees affected facility-based deliveries?
An assessment of the factors, which explain the utilisation of ANC in Zambia, using three sets of comparable datasets reveals that, while there are differences in the factors explaining the decision to use ANC and the frequency of visits over time, the decision to seek ANC and the frequency of use is low among the poor and less educated, and there are marked regional differences in utilisation. The most appropriate econometric specification for antenatal visits, according to different performance indicators, was the two-part model, which differs from recent research favouring more complex methodologies.
The analysis is further extended through the inclusion of supply-side factors and the examination of individual and community level factors associated with inadequate and non-use of ANC, following the adoption of the focused ANC approach in Zambia. To incorporate the supply side factors, the 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey was linked to administrative and health facility census data using geo-referenced data. To assess the factors associated with (1) the inadequate use of ANC (defined as three or less visits), and (2) the non-use of ANC in the first trimester of pregnancy, we specify two multilevel logistic models. At the individual level, the woman’s employment status, quality of ANC received and the husband’s educational attainment are negatively associated, while parity, the household childcare burden and wealth are positively associated with inadequate utilisation of ANC. Both individual and community level characteristics influence inadequate use and non-use of ANC in the first trimester; however, community level factors are relatively stronger in rural areas.
Although ANC is an important facet of maternal care, it occurs before delivery, but does not necessarily provide much information with respect to delivery decisions. Therefore, the thesis investigates delivery decisions, as well, in particular, the effect of user fee removal in rural areas of Zambia on facility-based deliveries. To account for regional differences, we employ a Seemingly Unrelated Regression model incorporating an Interrupted Time Series design. The analysis uses quarterly longitudinal data covering 2003q1-2008q4. When unobserved heterogeneity, spatial dependence and quantitative supply-side factors are controlled for, user fee removal is found to immediately increase aggregate facility-based deliveries, although the national trend was unaffected. Drug availability and the presence of traditional birth attendants also influence facility-based deliveries at the national level, such that, in the short-term, strengthening and improving community-based interventions could increase facility-based deliveries. However, there is significant variation and spatial dependence masked in the aggregate analysis. The results highlight the importance of service quality in promoting facility-based deliveries, and also suggest that social and cultural factors, especially in rural areas, influence the use of health facilities for delivery. These factors are not easily addressed, through an adjustment to the cost of delivery in health facilities.
Additionally, we analyse the effect of user fee abolition on the location of childbirth, focussing on deliveries that occur in public health facilities using household survey data. To elicit the causal relationship, we exploit the relative change in fees across health districts within a difference-in-differences framework. Surprisingly, although reductions in home deliveries were observed, as expected, reductions in public health facility-based deliveries were also uncovered, along with increases in deliveries at private health facilities. However, these findings were statistically insignificant; suggesting that the abolition of user fees had little, if any, impact on the choice of location for childbirth. The statistically insignificant, but unexpected, causal effects further suggest that the removal of user fees have unintended consequences, possibly the transference of facility costs to the client, which would deter the utilisation of delivery services. Therefore, abolishing user fees, alone, may not be sufficient to affect changes in outcomes; instead, other efforts, such as improving service quality, could have a greater impact.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Economics
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Rosman, Emilie. "Intersecting Accounts of Marginalisation : Financial Troubles, Single-Motherhood and Ill Health Intersections in Institutional Interactions with the Swedish Social Insurance Agency." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-363906.
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Despite of a well-established welfare state in Sweden, socio-economic and residential segregation is increasing rapidly. This has for instance been related to the neo-liberalisation of the welfare state and housing system. One institutional tool for reducing systematic inequality is the housing allowance, which specifically targets low-income households with children as well as young households without children. However, recent studies show how these groups are becoming ever more excluded, despite of the financial aid. The aim of this thesis is thus to contribute with a situated understanding of the practical accomplishment of Swedish socio-economic marginalisation in relation to housing allowance and the welfare state. This is achieved by examining naturally occurring accounts socio-economic marginalisation in 366 audio recorded phone calls to the Swedish Social Insurance Agency about housing allowance, out of which I specifically focus on accounts made by single mothers. In order to make sense of the data, I apply and introduce an ethno-intersectional approach. This entails the synthesis of the applied ethnomethodological methods Conversation Analysis, Discursive Psychology and Membership Categorisation Analysis with intersectionality as one analytical device. The results demonstrate how single-mothers intersect financial troubles, single-motherhood and ill health while expressing situated marginalisation as part of doing legitimacy work. The study also sheds light on how the application of welfare policies could partake in the systematic (re)production of structural inequalities. At large, the introduction of the ethno-intersectional approach is grounded on the theoretical interest of encouraging further action-oriented and situated explorations of the ways in which categories of inequality such as class, ethnicity and gender operate in conjunction and contribute to the generation, reinforcement or alteration of structural intersections of socio-economic marginalisation and privilege.
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mokake, ndinge tahiri. "Single motherhood and its consequences on children; A case comparison of Sweden and Germany. : - About how it affects children's health/academic performance." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-183399.
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This thesis aims at examining the relationship between single motherhood and the health and academic performance of children in different countries. It was geared toward understanding whether single motherhood has an impact or consequences on the health and academic performance of children. In order to attain this goal, this thesis was sub divided into three main parts (sections) namely; examining whether single motherhood has consequences on the health outcome of children, examining whether single motherhood has consequences on the academic performance of children and finally ascertaining the impact of single motherhood on children's health and academic performance in different economies (Sweden and Germany). Furthermore, this study adopted the quantitative and cross-cultural approach where quantitative data was obtained across different countries. The Health Behaviour of School aged Children (HBSC) constituted the main source from which responses, respondents and data collection instrument was obtained. After thorough statistical analysis, the regression mode was used to establish that single motherhood reduced the quality of health and academic outcome of children and thus reflecting a negative impact of single motherhood on the child's health and academic performance. A cross comparison approach was used to ascertain the economies of Sweden and Germany and compared against the impact of single motherhood on the children's health and academic performance in these two countries. It was then revealed that the impact of single motherhood on children's health and academic performance was dire and common in Germany than Sweden. The study finally concluded that single motherhood negatively impacted the health and academic performance of children with varying impact in different economic context.Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka förhållandet mellan ensamstående moderskap och barns hälsa och akademiska prestationer i olika länder. Det var inriktat på att förstå om ensamstående moderskap har en inverkan eller konsekvenser för barns hälsa och akademiska prestationer. För att uppnå detta mål delades denna uppsats upp i tre huvuddelar (avsnitt), nämligen; undersöka om ensamstående moderskap har konsekvenser för barns hälsoutfall, undersöka om ensamstående moderskap har konsekvenser för barns akademiska prestationer och slutligen fastställa effekterna av ensamstående moderskap på barns hälsa och akademiska resultat i olika ekonomier (Sverige och Tyskland). Vidare antog denna studie det kvantitativa och tvärkulturella tillvägagångssättet där kvantitativa data erhölls i olika länder. HBSC (Health Behavior of School Age Children) utgjorde den huvudsakliga källan från vilken svar, respondenter och datainsamlingsinstrument erhölls. Efter noggrann statistisk analys användes regressionsläget för att fastställa att ensamstående moderskap minskade barns hälsa och akademiska resultat och därmed återspeglade en negativ inverkan av ensamstående moderskap på barnets hälsa och akademiska prestationer. En tvärjämförelsestrategi användes för att fastställa ekonomierna i Sverige och Tyskland och jämfördes mot inverkan av ensamstående moderskap på barnens hälsa och akademiska prestationer i dessa två länder. Det avslöjades sedan att ensamstående moderskaps inverkan på barns hälsa och akademiska prestationer var hemskt och vanligt i Tyskland än Sverige. Undersökningen drog slutligen slutsatsen att ensamstående moderskap påverkade barns hälsa och akademiska prestationer negativt i olika ekonomiska sammanhang.
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Papadopoulos, Airia S. "Do All “Good Mothers” Breastfeed? How African American Mothers’ Values and Experiences of Early Motherhood Influence Their Infant Feeding Choices." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7348.
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The food an infant is fed can reflect many things: a source of nutrition, the social and cultural circumstances into which an infant is born, or even a family’s beliefs about the body and breast milk as a source of nutrition. Exclusive breastfeeding, currently the gold standard for infant feeding in the United States (US), is often identified as an expectation in discourses on being a “good mother.” African American mothers in particular are the least likely group in the US to breastfeed in any capacity and many efforts are underway to increase the breastfeeding rates of this population.
This dissertation presents findings of a three-part qualitative study whose purpose was to examine how African American mothers define being a good mother and to learn what factors they experience in early motherhood that may influence their decisions for infant feeding and infant care. Because most research in this area focuses on low income African American mothers, this research has a distinct focus on middle class African American mothers to allow for the consideration of factors besides low socioeconomic status that may contribute to breastfeeding behavior. By defining good motherhood in accordance with middle class African American mothers’ definition, this research argues against the standard that aligns “good motherhood” with breastfeeding and suggests instead that, in some instances, being a good mother means caring and providing for the family at the exclusion of breastfeeding. Included are suggestions for alternative strategies that extend beyond educating and encouraging African American mothers to conform to a standard that can appear to be in conflict with their primary values.
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Biggs, Melissa. "Sexuality and considering motherhood after an HIV diagnosis : an IPA exploration of the experiences of European, childless women." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2015. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/962/.
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Research in the field of HIV acknowledges the existence of social constructs, including the incongruity between HIV, motherhood and sexuality, which may add to the psychosocial burden of an HIV diagnosis (Blystad and Moland, 2009; Long, 2006; Stinon & Myer, 2012). However the research is fragmented, and addresses the concepts of motherhood and sexuality in the presence of HIV independently. There has been little consideration of how the opposing constructs may be simultaneously experienced and negotiated by positive woman. Additionally existing research focuses on pregnant women or mothers, it does not explore the impact of an HIV diagnosis before entering into motherhood. Despite adopting a philosophy of holism and valuing the creation of environments that sustain mental well-being, Counselling Psychology literature is relatively silent on women’s adaptation to HIV. This qualitative study explores how European, childless women who have been historically underrepresented in the literature experience sexuality, and feelings of motherhood following an HIV-diagnosis. Interpretative phenomenological analysis of five women’s experiences produced superordinate themes of, ‘The even worse than undateable woman’, ‘Nothing can spark my sexuality’ and ‘You have to adapt…I owe it something’. The women speak of experiencing a continued psychological impact of an HIV-diagnosis, despite the advances in medication, which precipitates multiple psychosocial crises related to sexuality, identity, femininity and concepts of motherhood. There is a dominant experience of distress, confirming previous research on HIV-trauma. However there are also experiences of resistance, successful negotiation, and personal growth. Clinical implications are discussed in light of counselling psychology’s multidisciplinary approach, including therapeutic recommendations to explore and challenge women’s definitions of sexuality, femininity and motherhood.
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Freeman, Heidi Vollstadt. "A Qualitative Exploration of the Experiences of Mother-Athletes Training for and Competing in the Olympic Games." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2008. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/3107.
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KinesiologyPh.D.
The purpose of this qualitative study was to provide a rich description of the experiences of mothering athletes training for and competing in the Olympic Games. Specifically, the study explored the post-partum return to training and competition, the integration of mothering and training responsibilities, the emotional and social experience of being a mother-athlete, and the Olympic experience. A purposive sample of eight athletes was utilized. All participants had competed in either the 2004 Summer or 2006 Winter Olympic Games and was mother to at least one child under the age of six at the time of their Olympic participation. Participants represented six different sports and two North American countries. In-depth interviews were conducted with the participants from September 2007 to April 2008. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed, yielding eight major themes and 26 sub-themes. The themes that emerged included: (1) becoming a mother-athlete, (2) the initial return to training, (3) the effects of motherhood on training and competing, (4) the effects of the elite sport career on motherhood and the family, (5) social support, (6) organizational support, (7) the Olympic experience, and (8) advice and recommendations. In general, participants reported that their children and families enhanced their lives, both in and out of sport. They felt that motherhood gave their lives more balance and gave them a healthier perspective on their sport participation. For most, this resulted in increased enjoyment of sport, less pressure to perform, and in turn, enhanced performance. Participants faced struggles as well. They reported lack of time and energy as barriers to training (especially in the first year of motherhood), and found traveling with children to be logistically and financially difficult. The athletes in this study reported high levels of support, both physical and emotional, from their husbands/partners and immediate families. Within the athletic community, the participants found support from coaches, yet reported varying levels of support from athletic peers and sport organizations. Overall, the athletes reported positive Olympic experiences, with two discussing disappointing experiences. Recommendations for researchers and sport professionals based on the interviews are also discussed.
Temple University--Theses
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Redwood, Tracey. "Becoming a mother : a phenomenological exploration of transition to motherhood, its impact and implications for the professional lives of nurses, midwives and health visitors." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436700.
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Soares, Marisley Vilas Bôas. "A maternidade de mulheres portadoras de transtornos mentais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22131/tde-03112008-100103/.
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Com o advento da Reforma Psiquiátrica, a saúde mental tem expandido sua atuação reconhecendo os papéis sociais para além da doença mental. Entretanto, estudos brasileiros que abordam a maternidade entre mulheres portadoras de transtornos mentais são escassos, considerando-se também restrita a produção acadêmica acerca da saúde mental da mulher. Correntes da psicologia consideram que a capacidade materna em oferecer boas condições de cuidado e ser acolhedora às necessidades do filho gera um ambiente adequado para o bom desenvolvimento psicológico da criança, colocando como pano-de-fundo a importância da saúde mental materna nesse aspecto. Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever como se apresenta o fenômeno da maternidade para mulheres usuárias de um ambulatório de saúde mental da cidade de Ribeirão Preto-SP, tendo como referencial teórico o Interacionismo Simbólico. Foram entrevistadas 20 mulheres, com ao menos um ano de tratamento ambulatorial, mães de ao menos uma criança de 7 à 12 anos. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a Teoria Fundamentada em Dados, a qual proporciona que se atinja uma teoria explicativa para o fenômeno através dos próprios dados coletados. Essas mulheres apresentam predominantemente o quadro de depressão. Foi identificado para o fenômeno como categoria central tentando se enxergar para permanecer lutando, que ocorre em meio ao contexto de falta de esclarecimentos sobre a doença, o reconhecimento do tipo de vínculo com o serviço e com profissionais saúde, a percepção do apoio familiar e o tipo de ajuda prestada pelo marido. Para que este fenômeno ocorra são condições que o causam a vivência do adoecimento, da maternidade e de conflitos no relacionamento conjugal, além do desejo de querer dar conta de tudo. As repercussões da doença no cotidiano interferem na tomada de ações que demonstram como essas mães lidam com o fenômeno. Para tanto, lançam mão de estratégias como o enfrentamento da doença e a maneira como lidam com o trabalho no contexto da doença. Tais ações geram como conseqüências a doença refletindo nos filhos e, por fim, a tentativa de ir levando a vida. Em meio a esses fatores, essas mulheres vivem a maternidade como uma realização normalizadora para sua vivência adulta, colocando-as em igualdade com as demais mães. Este é um papel social com o qual necessitam lidar e requer reconhecerem-se e enxergarem-se para que permaneçam lutando com as limitações impostas pela doença, bem como com as vicissitudes da vida. O reconhecimento da vivência dessas mulheres constitui-se em mais um passo em direção a melhor adequação dos serviços de saúde mental frente essa demanda. Ademais, evidencia a necessidade de investigar as dificuldades vivenciadas por mães portadoras de transtorno mental no cuidado de seus filhos, devido a seu propósito preventivo e de adequação dos serviços a essa demanda. Além disso, reforça-se a importância de que é preciso que os serviços as vejam para além de seu lugar de portadoras de uma doença.The arrival of the Psychiatric Reform gave rise to an expansion in mental health activities, acknowledging social roles beyond mental health. However, there is a lack of Brazilian studies about motherhood among women with mental disorders, and a restricted academic production on womens mental health. Currents in psychology consider that the mothers capacity to offer good care conditions and welcome her childs needs generates an adequate environment for the childs good psychological development, against the background of the importance of maternal mental health in this sense. This study aims to describe how the motherhood phenomenon presents itself to female clients at a mental health outpatient clinic in Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil, using Symbolic Interactionism as a theoretical reference framework. Twenty women were interviewed, who had been treated at the clinic for at least one year and had at least one child between 7 and 12 years old. Grounded Theory was used for data analysis, which favors the achievement of a theory to explain the phenomena through the data that are collected. These women predominantly present depression. Trying to perceive oneself to continue fighting was identified as the central category for the phenomenon, which occurs amidst the context of lack of clarifications about the disease, the acknowledgement of the type of bond with the service and with health professionals, the perception of family support and the kind of help the husband gives. Causal conditions for the occurrence of this phenomenon are the experience of the disease, motherhood and conflicts in the marriage relation, besides the desire to be able to handle everything. The repercussions of the disease in daily life interfere in the taking of actions that demonstrate how these mothers deal with the phenomenon. Therefore, they use strategies like coping with the disease and the way they deal with work in the context of the disease. The consequences these actions generate are the disease affecting the children and, finally, the attempt to lead ones life. Amidst these factors, these women experience motherhood as an accomplishment that normalizes their adult experience, putting them in a position of equality with other mothers. This is a social role they need to deal with, which demands that they acknowledge and perceive themselves so as to keep on struggling with the limitations imposed by the disease, as well as with the vicissitudes of life. The acknowledgement of these womens experience constitutes yet another step towards the better adequation of mental health services to this demand. Moreover, it evidences the need to investigate the difficulties mothers with mental disorders experience to take care of their children, due to their preventive proposal and the adaptation of services to this demand. Furthermore, the importance is highlighted that services look beyond their position as patients with a disease.
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Fiorin, Pascale Chechi. "REPRESENTAÇÕES DA MULHER CONTEMPORÂNEA: SAÚDE, MATERNIDADE E TRABALHO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10314.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThroughout history, men and women were always unequal in terms of rights and duties. Currently, women have conquerred spaces and rights, aiming to balance the reality of gender differences imposed in society. However, such differences still make the woman prioritarily responsible for the chores in the family and domestic context, overloading her routine and compromising her health. This study aimed to know the representations of a group of women about their roles and functions in the family, the roles and functions of men, their working routine, the choice of having or not having children, and how they perceive their own health. To reach this aim, semi-structured interviews were carried out with seven women aged from 30 to 35 years old, married, with or without children, living in Santa Maria. Such women indicated some changes related to traditional gender roles and functions. Men are participating more in the education of the children, helping in domestic activities and women are contributing more to family income. Reports highlight that it is usual for the woman to take the domestic responsibilities for herself, without questioning such imposition. Such situation tends to overload the female routine, influencing women s health. Yet, it is difficult for the woman to abandon her role as the main responsible for the care of the children and organization of home.
Ao longo da história homens e mulheres sempre estiveram em desigualdade em direitos e deveres. Nos dias atuais a mulher conquistou espaço e direitos buscando equilibrar a realidade das diferenças de gênero impostas na sociedade. Porém, essas diferenças ainda responsabilizam prioritariamente a mulher pelas atividades presentes no âmbito doméstico e familiar, sobrecarregando sua rotina e comprometendo sua saúde. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer as representações de um grupo de mulheres sobre: seus papéis e funções na família, os papéis e funções masculinas, a rotina de trabalho, a escolha por ter ou não filhos e como elas percebem a própria saúde. Para tanto foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com sete mulheres que tinham idades entre 30 a 35 anos, casadas, com e sem filhos, moradoras da cidade de Santa Maria. Foi indicado pelas mulheres que ocorreram algumas mudanças em relação aos papéis e funções de gênero tradicionais. O homem está participando mais da educação dos filhos, auxiliando nas atividades domésticas e a mulher encontra-se contribuindo mais no orçamento doméstico. Os relatos indicam que é comum para a mulher assumir as responsabilidades domésticas para si, sem questionar a imposição destas a sua figura. Isso tende a sobrecarregar a rotina feminina influenciando em sua saúde. Mesmo assim é difícil para mulher abandonar o papel de principal responsável pelo cuidado dos filhos e organização do lar.
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Clendon, Jillian Margaret. "Motherhood and the 'Plunket Book' : a social history : a thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/826.
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The Well Child/Tamariki Ora Health Book (the Plunket book) is a small booklet given to New Zealand mothers on the birth of a child. It has been used by nurses as a tool to record growth and development from birth to five years since the 1920s. Although use of the book decreases over time, it is frequently kept within the family and handed on from mother to child. Utilising an oral history approach, this study has traced the development of the Plunket book over time and explored the experiences of a group of 34 women and one man who have reflected on their ownership of, or involvement with, Plunket books. The study found that the Plunket book remains an effective clinical tool for mothers and nurses. Mothers have used the book as a tool to link past with present, to maintain kinship ties across generations, to deal with change intergenerationally, and in a manner that contributes to their self-identity as woman and mother. Although mothers were able to use the book to affirm their own knowledge and that of their mothers, a medically dominated discourse persists in the book. The book has also played a role in facilitating the interaction between mother and nurse, providing an opportunity to explore the relationship in detail. The study found that the most successful relationships at any time were those that bordered the division between a professional relationship and a personal one: it was not the information that nurses offered but the interaction and resulting care they provided that was important to the mothers in the study. The study recommends that nurses and other health professionals continue to use the Plunket book as a clinical tool mindful of the fact that the book remains in use beyond the health professional’s immediate involvement with the mother and child, playing an important role in the context of the New Zealand family across generations. Future versions of the book should contain written reference to the strengths and abilities the mother holds as she cares for her child, reaffirming her role and identity as mother not only when her children are younger but as they grow and become parents themselves.
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Santi, Liliane Nascimento de. ""Cuidando da saúde bucal do filho: o significado para um grupo de mães"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-01092003-093507/.
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O ato de cuidar tem sido atribuído ao gênero feminino. Na sociedade ocidental, a mãe é a principal cuidadora dos filhos no que se refere ao cuidado em geral, na alimentação, na vestimenta, na educação e na saúde. Na promoção da saúde bucal infantil, o cuidado materno, bem como uma boa relação dentista-mãe são essenciais. Objetivou-se compreender os significados atribuídos pelas as mães de crianças de 0 a 6 anos em tratamento odontológico acerca de seu papel como cuidadora da saúde bucal do filho. Constitui-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com desenho metodológico de uma pesquisa estratégica. Participaram como sujeitos, dez mães com filhos em atendimento odontológico pelo Curso de Graduação em Odontologia, de Especialização em Odontopediatria e da Clínica de bebês da Universidade de Ribeirão Preto UNAERP na cidade de Ribeirão Preto, estado de São Paulo/Brasil. Realizou-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas e observação durante o atendimento odontológico. Os dados foram analisados segundo a técnica de análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (1979). Considerando o perfil do grupo de mães a idade variou de 26 a 39 anos, todas eram casadas ou viviam em união consensual, nenhuma estava inserida no mercado de trabalho formal. Depreendeu-se dos dados seis categorias temáticas: a) Saúde: quando não tem nada ... saúde é a base de tudo; b) Saúde? É saúde da boca também!; c) Saúde bucal é ter bons hábitos; d) O Processo saúde doença e a relação com os cuidados maternos na saúde bucal; e) Cuidado à saúde bucal do filho: o sentido desse fazer; f) Profissional odontólogo: referência para o cuidado em saúde bucal. Percebeu-se que a saúde para essas mães reveste-se de um significado mais amplo, não restrito ao biológico, entretanto, ainda mostram-se ancoradas na idéia de saúde como ausência de doença e de corpo funcional. A saúde bucal apresenta-se dissociada da saúde geral e as práticas de manutenção da saúde bucal são voltadas para evitar uma única doença: a cárie, relacionando sua ocorrência na dependência dos cuidados prestados por elas como formadoras de hábitos. Em meio a essas práticas de cuidados reconhecem o profissional especializado como fonte do saber, estando prontas a auxiliá-los no tratamento independentemente de suas emoções mergulhadas no ideário do amor incondicional da mãe para com o filho e do dever materno, sentindo satisfação e realização em atender as necessidades do filho. Concluí- se que a mãe pode ser considerada como um agente multiplicador de ações educativas relacionadas a saúde bucal, uma vez que a atuação materna não fica circunscrita a ajudas momentâneas durante o atendimento clínico, perpassando as barreiras físicas, chegando aos cuidados diários na manutenção da saúde bucal do filho. Dentro dessa lógica há que se investir na capacitação dos profissionais que lidam diariamente com tais mães e todos os indivíduos da família, para que estes sintam-se responsáveis pela saúde das crianças menores.Caring is an act attributed to feminine gender. Mothers are the main general caretaker of children. They care about food, clothing, education and health. Focusing the childrens oral health promotion the mothering care and a good relation between dentist and mothers are required. This survey aimed at understands mothering meanings about being a caretaker of small children (age from 0 to 6 years) oral health. Its a qualitative research founded on strategic survey. The subjects were ten mothers from Dentistry Graduate Course, Pediatric Dentistry Specialization and Baby Clinic from Ribeirão Preto University UNAERP in Ribeirão Preto City, São Paulo State/Brazil. Semi-structured interview and observation during the treatment were made. Data was analyzed by Contents Analysis proposed by Bardin (1979). Considering the mothers profile: age range from 26 to 39 years, all of them were married or lived with someone, none of them had an official job. Six thematic categories were identified: a) Health: when youre ok health as a foundation; b) Health? Oral health too! d) For a good oral health you must have good habits; d) Health Illness process and its relation with maternal care on oral health; e) Caring about children oral health: what does it mean? And f) Dentist: a reference for oral health care. Mothers perceived health throw biological meanings, but they still emphasize the idea of health as illness absence based on the functional body construction. Oral health seems to be dissociated from general health. Practices toward a good oral health are directed to avoid just one disease the Carie. Mothers also correlate caries occurrence with fails on habit formation. Among all these situations, mothers recognize the dentist as a knowledge resource. They are always ready to do anything to help the professional during the treatment. In this situation, they forget their emotions and fears based on ideas like unconditional mothers love and mothers duty. After all they experienced satisfaction and realization because they solved the childs needs. We conclude that mothers can be multiplicative agents considering educational actions direct to oral health. Mothers actions are not just circumscribed to short proceedings during the treatment, because they delivery daily oral health care at their homes. So we believe that improving the professional abilities, theyll work better with mothers and family individuals. In this way all these people will be responsible for oral health of small children.
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Plant, Dominic. "When one childhood meets another : maternal child maltreatment and offspring child psychopathology." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/15001/.
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Studies have shown that a mother’s history of child maltreatment is associated with her child’s experience of internalising and externalising difficulties. This study aimed to characterise the mediating pathways that may underpin this association. Data on a mother’s history of child maltreatment, depression during pregnancy, depression after birth, maladaptive parenting practices and her child’s experience of maltreatment and preadolescent internalising and externalising difficulties were analysed in a sample of 9,397 mother-child dyads followed prospectively from pregnancy to child age 13. The results showed that maternal history of child maltreatment was significantly associated with child internalising and externalising difficulties in preadolescence. Maternal antenatal depression, post-birth depression, maladaptive parenting and child maltreatment were observed to significantly mediate this association. The study concluded that psychological and psychosocial interventions focused around treating maternal depression, particularly during pregnancy, and improving parenting skills, could be offered to mothers with traumatic childhood experiences to help protect against psychopathology in the next generation.
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Barros, Carolina F. Pombo de. "Keeping head above water: social presence in the transitions of brasilian women to motherhood. Comparing experiences in Brazil, Portugal and Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/21167.
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Keeping head above water: social presence in the transitions of Brazilian women to motherhood. Com-paring experiences in Brazil, France, Portugal and Sweden
The main objective of this thesis was characterizing and analysing social presence in the transition(s) of Brazilian women from privileged classes to motherhood, in Brazil, France, Portugal and Sweden, in recent years. As a final goal, it intended to contribute to de-construct the hegemonic model of ―good motherhood‖ in Brazil, which is established from the experiences of middle-class white Brazilian wom-en. As methodological strategy, it focused on Brazilian mothers‘ experiences of presences, using Com-puter-Mediated Communication and three methods in parallel: a documentary research on official re-ports of perinatal health and family policies, biographical interviews and recording of daily diaries, artic-ulated through a phenomenological perspective. Therefore, in my fieldwork I searched, in a spiral drift-ing, how certain moral rhetorics associated to gender, class and racial norms are reproduced by privi-leged mothers in maternal transitions. Beyond of this process of reproducing hegemonic representation of motherhood, I also found generating hesitations and ethical enactment among these women towards marginalized mothers such as racialized, single and poor ones. Finally, this thesis discusses how care ethics raise from daily parental relationships and how improving responsive social presence is quite significant for the promotion of such ethics beyond of feminine care work; SUMÁRIO:
Com a cabeça fora d‘água: a presença social em torno da transição de mulheres brasileiras para a maternidade. Comparação de experiências no Brasil, na França, em Portugal e na Suécia.
O principal objetivo desta tese foi caracterizar e analisar a presença social na(s) transição(ões) das mulheres brasileiras de classes privilegiadas para a maternidade, no Brasil, na França, em Portugal e na Suécia, nos últimos anos. Como objetivo final, este trabalho pretende contribuir para desconstruir o modelo hegemônico de ―boa maternidade‖ no Brasil, que é estabelecido a partir das experiências de mulheres brancas da classe média. Como estratégia metodológica, o estudo foi focado em analisar as experiências de presença das mães brasileiras, através de Comunicação Mediada por Computador e três métodos em paralelo: uma pesquisa documental em relatórios oficiais de políticas de saúde perinatal e em políticas familiares, entrevistas biográficas e gravação de diários, articulados através de uma perspectiva fenomenológica. Por isso, em meu trabalho de campo eu procurei, numa deriva em espiral, como certas retóricas morais associadas às normas de gênero, classe e raça são reproduzidas por mães privilegiadas no cotidiano durante as transições maternas. Além deste processo de reprodução da representação hegemônica da maternidade, eu também encontrei hesitações criativas e enação ética entre as mulheres em relação à mães marginalizados, tais como as mães Afro-descendentes, solteiras e pobres. Finalmente, esta tese discute como a ética do cuidado emerge a partir de relações parentais e como melhorar a responsividade da presença social é bastante significativo para a promoção de tal ética para além do trabalho de cuidado exercido pelas mulheres.
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Goicolea, Isabel. "Adolescent pregnancies in the Amazon basin of Ecuador a rights and gender approach to girls' sexual and reproductive health /." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-26788.
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Carneiro, Luciana Trindade Valente de. "A vivência da maternidade: um estudo com gestantes portadoras do HIV." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59137/tde-23102013-151428/.
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Esta pesquisa originou da preocupação pela progressão do HIV/AIDS na população feminina, acompanhada da interiorização da doença. As políticas públicas de saúde voltadas a saúde da mulher têm se preocupado não somente com a redução da transmissão vertical do vírus HIV mas também com a qualidade da assistência ofertada Para tanto o Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP/USP) oferece um programa de assistência ao pré natal para gestantes de alto risco que padroniza as ações necessárias a serem executadas pelos profissionais que atuam nessa área. Na perspectiva de conhecer as características desta mulheres em torno da gestação e o modo como as gestantes percebem o pré-natal, é que este estudo objetivou a criação de elementos para a concepção de estratégias de orientação e manutenção da saúde e direitos reprodutivos para gestantes portadoras de HIV/Aids. Foram realizadas dez entrevistas com gestantes soropositivas que estavam realizando o pré natal no Ambulatorio de Molésticas Infecto Contagiosas do HCFMRP/USP. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, exploratório, com uma abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram organizados através da análise temática de Minayo. Através dos dados transcritos das entrevistas, formou-se categorias para os questionamentos levantados. Os resultados mostraram pontos importantes como o planejamento da gravidez e a soropositivadade no qual essas mulheres excerceram seu direito reprodutivo apesar da sua condição clínica. O enfrentamento da doença também foi ponto importante na pesquisa pois a maioria dessas mulheres aderiram ao tratamento e as consultas do pré natal ponderando sempre a saúde dos bebês.trazendo sempre a preocupação com a tranmissão vertical. Concluiu-se que é necessário organizar o atendimento a essas mulheres de forma integral, para além do manejo clínico da infecção e seus sintomas, incorporando, por exemplo, a sua saúde reprodutiva e sua vida familiar.This research originated from the concern over the progression of HIV / AIDS among the female population, accompanied by the internalization of the disease. The public health policies aimed at women\'s health have been concerned not only with the reduction of transmission of the HIV virus but also with the quality of care offered. For that the Hospital das Clinicas of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo (HCFMRP / USP) offers an assistance program for prenatal women at high risk that standardizes the necessary actions to be performed by health professionals in this area. From the perspective of knowing the characteristics of women around pregnancy and how pregnant women perceive prenatal care, this study aimed at creating elements for the design of strategies for guiding and maintaining the health and reproductive rights for pregnant women with HIV / AIDS. Ten interviews were conducted with HIV positive pregnant women who were attending at the Prenatal Clinic of the Infectious Diseases Infectious HCFMRP / USP. We conducted a descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Data were organized by Minayo´s.thematic analysis Using data from transcribed interviews, graduated categories to the questions were raised. The results showed some points such as planning the pregnancy and seropositivity in which these women their reproductive rights were maintained despite her condition. Confronting the disease was also important point in the research because most of these women adhered to treatment and consultation of prenatal always pondering the health of their babies bringing always a concern with vertical transmission. Concluded that it is necessary to organize a complete care for these women, beyond the clinical management of infection and its symptoms, including, for example, their reproductive health and family lifestyle.
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Fortier, Elyse. "Exploring the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Experiences of Young Mothers in Ottawa: A Qualitative Study Dedicated to “Rapid Repeat” Pregnancy." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36670.
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“Rapid repeat pregnancy”, which is common among young mothers, is the onset of pregnancy within 24 months of a previous pregnancy outcome. Teenage motherhood is associated with many economic, social, and health challenges. These challenges often become more serious and more difficult to manage after a subsequent delivery. The circumstances surrounding rapid repeat pregnancy among young mothers living
in Ottawa remain unclear. This study explores the experiences, knowledge, and attitudes of young mothers towards rapid repeat pregnancy and contraception through a multi-method study. The multimethod study includes in-depth interviews with young mothers living in Ottawa who have experienced rapid repeat pregnancy and in-depth interviews with services providers who work with them. Results from the interviews indicate that young mothers often do not use post-partum contraception,
actively and passively plan their pregnancies, experience violence, and have mental health and substance abuse issues. Many young mothers expressed that trying to access services, especially mental health support services, can be a long and difficult process. Key informants expressed the need for more sexpositive, youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health education. There is a need to identify and further
develop youth-friendly services that young mothers feel comfortable accessing. Supporting efforts to increase adolescent mothers’ and service providers’ awareness of existing services appears warranted.
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Pombo, de Barros Carolina. "Keeping head above water : Social presence in the transitions of Brazilian women to motherhood : Comparing experiences in Brazil, France, Portugal and Sweden." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0181/document.
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L’objectif principal de cette thèse était de caractériser et d’analyser la présence sociale dans la / les transition(s) de femmes brésiliennes de classes aisées à la maternité, au Brésil, en France, au Portugal et en Suèdedans des années récentes. L'objectif final était de contribuer à la déconstruction du modèle hégémonique de la «bonne maternité» au Brésil, établi à partir des expériences de femmes brésiliennes blanches de la classe moyenne.en. En tant que stratégie méthodologique, elle a mis l’accent sur les expériences de présence des mères brésiliennes, en utilisant la communication par ordinateur et trois méthodes en parallèle: une recherche documentaire de rapports de travail de recherches sur la santé périnatale et les politiques familiales des institutions nationales et internationales, des entretiens biographiques et enregistrement des journaux quotidiens; les trois méthodes sont articulés dans une perspective phénoménologique. Ainsi, à partir de mon travail de terrain, j’ai cherché, comme une dérive en spirale, comment certaines rhétoriques morales associées aux normes de genre, de classe et de race sont reproduites par des mères privilégiées en transition maternelle. Au-delà de ce processus de reproduction de la représentation hégémonique de la maternité, j’ai également constaté des hésitations et des mises en oeuvre éthique de ces femmes vis-à-vis des mères marginalisées telles que les femmes racialisées, célibataires et pauvres. Enfin, cette thèse développe la manière dont l’éthique du care découle des relations parentales quotidiennes et aussi comment l'intensification de la présence sociale est importante pour la promotion de cette éthique au-delà du travail genréThe main objective of this thesis was characterizing and analysing social presence in the transition(s) of Brazilian women from privileged classes to motherhood, in Brazil, France, Portugal and Sweden, inrecent years. As a final goal, it intended to contribute to de-construct the hegemonic model of ―good motherhood in Brazil, which is established from the experiences of middle-class white Brazilian wom-en. As methodological strategy, it focused on Brazilian mothers‘ experiences of presences, using Computer-Mediated Communication and three methods in parallel: a documentary research on official re-ports of perinatal health and family policies, biographical interviews and recording of daily diaries, articulated through a phenomenological perspective. Therefore, in my fieldwork I searched, in a spiral drift-ing, how certain moral rhetorics associated to gender, class and racial norms are reproduced by privileged mothers in maternal transitions. Beyond of this process of reproducing hegemonic representation of motherhood, I also found generating hesitations and ethical enactment among these women towards marginalized mothers such as racialized, single and poor ones. Finally, this thesis discusses how care ethics raise from daily parental relationships and how improving responsive social presence is quite significant for the promotion of such ethics beyond of feminine care work
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Mauriello, Tani Ann. "Working-class women's diet and pregnancy in the long nineteenth century : what women ate, why, and its effect on their health and their offspring." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8ffbfe3b-a7e6-4196-afb7-c39b1bde75cd.
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Food historians have revealed that what constituted a working-class British woman's diet in the nineteenth century was quite different in calorific and nutritional content from what her family consumed. This work explores the nineteenth-century maternal diet and the effect this nutritional inequality had on the health of women and their infants. Divided into three sections, this dissertation deals with different aspects of nineteenth-century maternal nutrition. Section one explores the nineteenth-century medical understanding of diet, as well as the influences of class and traditional beliefs on eating habits, and how these factors determined the diet prescribed to mothers during pregnancy. Section two investigates the factors that perpetuated the unequal distribution and consumption of food within households. Factors explored include regional variations in working-class diet; gender associations with foods; economic changes in material wealth and expectations, and the pressures of respectability on female food denial. This section concludes that food refusal and unequal distribution were reinforced throughout the long nineteenth century because these behaviours appeared to have value, real or imagined, as long-term economic strategies. Food refusal maintained respectability, and helped women secure an economic support network. Mothers' self-denial seems to have secured the economic loyalties of children, making her the recipient of their income. The final section addresses how deprivation and dietary changes affected infant and maternal health, specifically examining how insufficient vitamin D and rickets influenced birth outcomes, and how the switch from a rural diet to an urban diet contributed to a rise in neural tube disorders in Wales. The analysis of childbirth data revealed a significant correlation between rickets and childbirth complications. The findings of this section also suggest that the dietary changes that followed migration and the change from an agricultural lifestyle to a market-integrated, industrial lifestyle for a majority of the Welsh population reduced women's intake of folic acid leaving their children susceptible to neural tube disorders.
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Júnior, Hudson Pires de Oliveira Santos. "A trajetória de mulheres brasileiras na depressão pós-parto: o desafio de (re)montar o quebra-cabeça." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-16032013-172821/.
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A depressão pós-parto (DPP) é um transtorno do humor que pode afetar mulheres de diversas culturas, já sendo considerado um problema internacional de saúde pública. Contudo, há ainda pouco conhecimento científico sobre as características qualitativas da experiência da depressão pós-parto no contexto latino-americano, incluindo o Brasil. Diante dessa lacuna, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi compreender a trajetória de um grupo de mulheres brasileiras na experiência da DPP. Trata-se de um estudo interpretativo descritivo. Os participantes foram 15 mulheres com diagnóstico clínico de DPP e 9 familiares indicados por elas. A coleta de dados foi realizada na cidade de São Paulo no período de maio de 2011 a janeiro de 2012, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática indutiva. Como resultado, compreende-se que a trajetória das mulheres na experiência da DPP as levou a vivenciar uma maternidade fora dos padrões idealizados que, como consequência, modificou a forma como elas entendiam a própria identidade. A analogia de um quebra-cabeça é utilizada para descrever o desarranjo causado pela DPP na imagem mulher-mãe composta pelas peças identidade e maternidade. O fator que mais afetou a peça maternidade foram os pensamentos que as mulheres vivenciaram de machucar os filhos. Em resposta a isso, elas descreveram diferentes formas de exercer a maternidade. A peça identidade ficou em segundo plano devido à importância sociocultural dada à maternidade. Assim, mesmo os sintomas depressivos tendo afetado a capacidade individual das mulheres e a própria percepção sobre si mesmas, foi apenas a falha em cuidar da criança que despertou a questão da depressão e gerou a necessidade por assistência. Apoio familiar, retorno ao convívio social e tratamento psicofarmacológico foram as principais estratégias adotadas pelas mulheres para recuperar a condição de saúde. Porém, pode-se concluir que as peças do quebra-cabeça mulher-mãe não voltaram a se encaixar como antes. O desarranjo causado pela DPP não foi revertido e, por isso, as mulheres tiveram que se adaptar a um novo normal, no qual a identidade pessoal, a percepção sobre a maternidade, a relação com os filhos e companheiros foram negativamente afetadas. A descrição e a interpretação apresentada nesse estudo podem ser utilizadas por profissionais de saúde para compreender o processo de adoecimento das mulheres na DPP, bem como fornecer inúmeras possibilidades para futuras pesquisas.Postpartum depression (PPD) is a mood disorder affecting women from different cultures, and is considered to be an international public health problem. However, there is still little scientific knowledge regarding the qualitative characteristics of the experience of PPD in the Latin American context, including Brazil. Given this lack of knowledge, the objective of this study was to understand the trajectory of a group of Brazilian women\'s experiences with PPD. This was an interpretive description study. The participants were 15 women with the clinical diagnosis of PPD, and 9 family members chosen by them. Data collection was performed in the city of São Paulo in the period of May 2011 to January 2012, through semistructured interviews. The data underwent inductive thematic analysis. As a result, it was understood that the trajectory of the women experiencing PPD led them to experience motherhood outside of the idealized standards, which consequently modified the way in which they understood their own identity. The analogy of a puzzle is used to describe the rearranging of the woman-mother image, composed of the two pieces \"identity\" and \"maternity,\" caused by PPD. The thoughts that the women experienced of hurting their children proved to be the factor most greatly affecting the puzzle piece \"maternity.\" As a response to this, they described different ways of exercising their motherhood. The puzzle piece \"identity\" took second stage due to the sociocultural importance given to maternity. Therefore, even when the depressive symptoms had affected the woman\'s individual ability, or her perception of herself, it was only when there was a failure to care for the child when questions arose regarding depression, generating the need for help. Family support, returning to social activities, and psychopharmacological treatment were all named as the main strategies to recover their health condition. However, it may be concluded that the woman-mother pieces never fit back together as they once had. The rearranging caused by the PPD was not reverted; the women had to adapt to a new \"normal,\" where their personal identity, their perception of motherhood, and their relationships with their children and partners had been negatively affected. The description and interpretation presented in this study may be used by healthcare professionals to understand the illness process of women in PPD, and provide innumerable possibilities for future research.
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Andrade, Marilaine Balestrim. "A sexualidade após a maternidade: a expeiência de mulheres usuárias do SUS." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17139/tde-15082014-115711/.
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A chegada do primeiro filho traduz um cenário de intensas mudanças na rotina das mulheres, o qual é pautado por diferentes percepções a respeito da sexualidade e da maternidade. As formas como as novas mães percebem tais mudanças e, identificam suas necessidades em relação ao exercício da sexualidade exercem influência sobre o cotidiano e a saúde das mulheres. Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender como as mulheres que se tornaram mães pela primeira vez percebem as mudanças e identificam as suas necessidades em relação ao exercício da sexualidade durante o primeiro ano do período pós-parto. Especificamente buscou analisar as perspectivas das participantes sobre a maternidade e a sexualidade; compreender a vivência da sexualidade em função dos significados atribuídos a maternidade; identificar o conhecimento e a importância atribuída aos diferentes métodos contraceptivos e; identificar a importância das orientações profissionais nas questões ligadas à saúde sexual e reprodutiva das mulheres. Em virtude dos fenômenos estudados desenvolvemos uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo com 12 mulheres primíparas e usuárias de Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município de Ribeirão Preto, interior do estado de São Paulo. O instrumento utilizado para a realização da coleta de dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada e, através da Análise de Conteúdo o material oriundo da transcrição integral das entrevistas foi fragmentado dando origem a categorias, as quais foram reagrupadas por temáticas relevantes ao objeto estudado. Da análise de conteúdo obtivemos categorias que dizem respeito a concepção de sexualidade, ao sexo e maternidade, a concepção de maternidade, a gravidez, ao parceiro e pai e, ao planejamento familiar. Portanto, a compreensão que as mulheres têm acerca do seu novo papel social imprime novos direcionamentos às experiências diárias no ambiente doméstico, nas relações sociais e no relacionamento com o parceiro. Muitas questões permeadas pelo desequilíbrio nas relações de gênero estão envolvidas nesta dinâmica como a qualidade do acesso ao planejamento familiar, a forma como se apropriam das informações recebidas e a qualidade do atendimento pré e pós-natal. A forma como a mulher exerce a sexualidade e a maternidade é indissociável da construção social da identidade feminina, construção esta que determina as práticas relativas a atenção à saúde das mulheres e que pode interferir nas escolhas e no cuidado com a saúde e na procura da assistência.The coming of a firstborn son represents a scene of intense changes in routine of women which is lined for different perceptions related to sexuality and motherhood. The ways new mothers notice these changes and identify their needs related to sexuality influences their daily lives and the women health. This study had the goal understand how women became mothers for the first time realize the changes and identify their needs in relation to their sexuality during the first year postpartum period. Specifically sought analyze the participants perspective about motherhood and sexuality; understand the experiences of sexuality according to the meanings assigned to motherhood; identify the knowledge and the importance given to different contraceptive methods; identify the importance of professional orientation linked to maters of sexual and reproductive health of the women researched. In view of the phenomena studied we developed a qualitative research with 12 primiparous women and users of public health system in Ribeirão Preto, countryside of São Paulo state. The instrument used to perform the data collection was semi-structured interview and through the content analysis of the material from the whole interviews transcription, it was fragmented originating categories, which were regrouped by relevant themes to the object of study. Content analysis categories obtained concerning the conception of sexuality, sex and motherhood, conception of motherhood, pregnancy, partner and father, and, family planning. Therefore, the understanding women has about their new social role requires new directions to daily experiences in the home environment, in social relations and in the relationship with their partner. Many questions are permeated by the imbalance of gender relation involved in this dynamic with quality familiar planning access, the way they appropriate information received and the quality of pre and postnatal treatment. At long last, the way which the women practice the sexuality and the motherhood is inseparable from the social construction of female identity, construction that determines the practices related to the attention to womens health that could interfere in the choices and care with health and in the search for assistance.
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Eaton, Michelle Marie. "Self-efficacy in first-time mothers : a comparison of younger and older mothers." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/333.
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Rosa, Alcindo José. "Novamente grávida: adolescentes com maternidades sucessivas em Rondonópolis - MT." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-11022008-222655/.
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As maternidades sucessivas na adolescência constituem uma situação complexa que requer da adolescente a administração de três dimensões, que inspiram cada uma delas, ponderações: o processo de adolescência, a maternidade e a criação de vários filhos, com o agravante de ocorrerem, em nosso país, em contexto de considerável desigualdade sócio-econômica. Tendo em vista tal problemática, foi desenvolvida a pesquisa em tela voltada à caracterização e análise dos contextos reprodutivos, sócioeconômicos e individuais de adolescentes com sucessivas maternidades no município de Rondonópolis-MT/Brasil. Foram selecionadas 49 participantes, usuárias do SUS, com idade entre 15 e 19 anos, com pelo menos um filho nascido vivo e que estavam novamente grávidas. Para a obtenção dos dados foi usado questionário sócio-econômico, entrevista aberta e entrevista semi-estruturada, após prévia aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da FSP-USP e a devida anuência das participantes de acordo com os termos do TCLE que lhes foi submetido. Outras informações foram obtidas por consultas aos Relatórios do Ministério da Saúde e bancos de dados SINASC e SISPRENATAL. Os dados foram organizados e analisados quanti-qualitativamente. Os dados quantitativos oriundos de fontes secundárias e do questionário aplicado foram organizados em tabelas de porcentagem. As espostas obtidas junto às adolescentes nas entrevistas e parte do questionário foram objeto de análise de conteúdo conforme os critérios classicamente aceitos. A dinâmica reprodutiva local mostrou-se consoante às tendências do país, tais como diminuição da porcentagem de gravidezes entre adolescentes, inclusive, entre aquelas com maternidades sucessivas. Entre as participantes, a primeira gravidez deu-se, em média, aos 15 anos e 2 meses, a segunda, aos 17 anos e 4 meses e a terceira aos 18 anos e 2 meses. Esse curto período pareceu expô-las às dificuldades cotidianas da criação dos filhos e as impediu de protagonizarem outros papéis sociais, como a de estudante e trabalhadora. Assim, se a primeira maternidade pode fornecer sentidos positivos para muitas das vivências das adolescentes e até mesmo colaborou para que construíssem uma identidade - ser mãe - e passassem a ocupar um lugar socialmente valorizado, as maternidades sucessivas pareceram ter contornos menos estruturantes, até mesmo,agravando as já precárias condições sócio-econômicas que as circundavam. Essa situação, pareceu igualmente ter impedido-lhes o acesso às janelas de oportunidades, principalmente, aquelas articuladas à escolarização. Concluiu-se que as maternidades sucessivas na adolescência constituem-se, pelas suas conseqüências, num fenômeno diferente ao da primeira gravidez na adolescência. Enquanto essa se mostrou mais integrada às demandas da adolescente, as maternidades subseqüentes agravaram suas necessidades, multiplicando as situações adversas a elas associadas.The consecutive motherhood in teenage women are a complex situation which requires from the teenager the administration of three dimensions and each one of them inspire careful considerations: the adolescence process, motherhood and the raising of several children in a context of considerable social-economical disparity. Having this type of problem in mind, the research was developed aiming to the characterization and analyzes of the reproductive, social-economical and individual contexts of teenagers who have had consecutive pregnancies in the county of Rondonópolis-MT/ Brazil. It was selected 49 participants, user of SUS with an age-rate from 15 to 19 years old, who have had, at least,one child that was born alive and were pregnant again. In order to obtain this socialeconomical data a questionnaire, an opened interview and a semi-structured interview were used after the Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da FSP-USPs approval and after the participants consent in agreement with the TCLE terms that were presented to them. Other informations were obtained by consulting the reports from the Department of Health (Ministério da Saúde) and the SINASC and SISPRENATAL data files. The data were organized and analyzed in terms of quantity and quality. The quantity data from secondary sources and from the questionnaire were organized in percentage charts. The answers obtained from the teenagers in the interviews and part of the questionnaire had its content analyzed in agreement with previously accepted criterions. The local reproductive dynamic presented itself consonant with the countries tendencies, such as the reduction of the percentage of pregnancies among teenage women including those with consecutive pregnancies. Among the participants, the first pregnancy took place at the age of 15 years and 02 months old (approximately), the second at the age of 17 years and 04 months old and the third pregnancy took place at the age of eighteen years and 02 months old. This short gap seemed to have exposed them to everyday difficulties in raising their children and kept them from playing other social roles such as the student and working professional. So, if the first pregnancy could provide positive experiences to the lives of these teenagers and even cooperate for the construction of an identity to be a mother and, by this, belong to a respectable and social space, the consecutive pregnancies seem to have less structural shapes, inclusively, by aggravating the difficult social-economical situations, that have already existed, surrounding these mothers. This situation equally seemed to have kept them away from the window of opportunities, especially those articulated with education. One concludes that the consecutive pregnancies in the adolescence, by its consequences, are a different phenomenon if compared to first pregnancy in the adolescence. While the last one seemed more integrated to the teenagers demands, the consecutive pregnancies worsened their needs, multiplying associated adverse situations related to them.
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Rieder, Bennett Sara Lynne. "An Investigation of Sources of Women's Infertility-Specific Distress and Well-Being." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1254934019.
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Almestål, Anna, and Jennifer Johansson. "Kvinnors upplevelser av sin sexuella hälsa upp till sju år efter förlossning : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-40064.
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Bakgrund: Flera faktorer påverkar sexuell hälsa bl a biologiska och fysiologiska faktorer samt genus. Genus i sin tur påverkas av samhällets värderingar som i sin tur styrs av dess historia, politik, kulturella värderingar, ekonomiska förutsättningar mm. Tidigare studier har visat att det finns en brist i kunskapsbildning och uppföljning av kvinnors sexuella hälsa åren efter förlossning. Avsikten med denna studien är att få ökad insikt i kvinnornas upplevelse av sin sexuella hälsa åren efter förlossning. Syfte: Att sammanställa tidigare forskning kring kvinnors upplevda sexuella hälsa åren efter förlossning, genom forskningsfrågan: “Hur upplever kvinnor sin sexuella hälsa upp till sju år efter förlossning?” Metod: Detta är en kvalitativ litteraturstudie och inklusionskriterierna var tidigare friska kvinnor utan patologiska graviditeter, samt kvinnor som fött barn med episiotomi och kejsarsnitt. Däremot exkluderades tvillingfödslar och spontana sfinkterrupturer av grad 3-4. Studien avser åren efter förlossning, max sju år. Sexuell hälsa åren efter förlossning ur kvinnans perspektiv skall vara huvudfokus. Artiklarna ska vara på engelska eller svenska och de ska vara publicerade från 1960 till 2020. Tolv artiklar valdes ut och dessa granskades via latent kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Visar att många kvinnor lider av en försämrad sexuell hälsa åren efter förlossning. Detta beror på flera faktorer, de som påverkar mest är: fysiska förändringar, amning, barnets påverkan, relationernas förändring och kvinnornas upplevelse av sjukvårdens bemötande. Dessa presenteras i studiens fyra teman. Konklusion: Kvinnorna upplever en försämring av sin sexuella hälsa och önskar ökat stöd från vården. Det krävs en bredare kunskap hos vårdpersonalen för att kunna bemöta kvinnornas önskemål och en fördjupad förståelse kring hur genus påverkar kvinnors sexuella hälsa.Background: There are several factors that affect women's sexual health, among those are biological and physiological wellbeing and gender. Furthermore gender is derived from society’s values that comes from history, politics, socio-economic prerequisites among other things. Previous studies have shown a lack of knowledge and a lack of follow-up of women’s sexual health the years after childbirth. The purpose of this study is to get a deeper understanding of women’s experiences of their sexual health the years after childbirth. Aim: The aim of this study is to compile previous studies about women's experienced sexual health up til seven years after childbirth. This is done through the question “How do women experience their sexual health the years after childbirth?” Method: This is a qualitative literature review that contains twelve articles. The inclusion criteria is previous healthy women with no pathological pregnancies, women who experienced episiotomy or cesarean section during childbirth. However, twins and spontaneous sphincter tears of the 3de or 4th degree have been excluded. This studies scope is limited to the first seven years after childbirth. The articles are written in swedish or english and published between 1960- 2020. Latent content analysis is used to analyse the material. Result: Many women experience a loss in sexual health the years after childbirth. It depends on several different things such as physical changes, breast feeding, the impact of having a child, changes in relationships and how women experience the meeting with health care. All of this is presented through the four themes of our study. Conclusion: There is a general loss in sexual health among women after childbirth and they wish for better support from health care professionals. To meet this demand healthcare professionals need more knowledge and to actually apply it. Furthermore, a deeper understanding how gender affects women’s sexual health is needed.
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Lourenço, Isabel Maria Miguel Lopes. "Acompanhar a maternidade de forma holística: efeitos sobre a autoestima materna e a vinculação mãe-bebé." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/11171.
Full textAbstract:
A transição para a maternidade, sobretudo para a primípara, é um período que exige da mulher grandes mudanças e adaptações a nível biopsicossocial, colocando à prova a sua capacidade para lhe fazer face, e com repercussões na relação mãe- bebé. Os profissionais de saúde podem contribuir para a vivência positiva desta transição, prestando uma atenção global à saúde (física e mental) da mulher, durante o período gravídico-puerperal.
Este estudo de natureza quantitativa-correlacional e transversal, teve como objetivo verificar o efeito do acompanhamento prestado pelos profissionais de saúde, desde a gravidez ao pós-parto imediato, na autoestima e vinculação materna, numa amostra de conveniência constituída por 51 puérperas primíparas.
Os dados foram recolhidos através da aplicação de um Questionário de dados sociodemográficos e historial da gravidez; de Escalas de Perceção de Acompanhamento Global da Gravidez, Parto e Pós-Parto Imediato; da Escala de Bonding e da Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (RSES).
Os resultados indicam que, a perceção de acompanhamento global da gravidez ao pós-parto imediato encontra-se positivamente correlacionada com a autoestima materna; e que, a perceção acompanhamento global da gravidez e pós-parto está negativamente correlacionada com o bonding negativo. Verifica-se também, que a autoestima materna está positivamente correlacionada com o bonding positivo, e negativamente correlacionada com o bonding negativo. Ainda, constata-se uma relação significativa entre satisfação com acompanhamento da gravidez, parto e pós-parto imediato, e a perceção global de acompanhamento durante estes períodos.
Em conclusão, este estudo alerta para a importância dos profissionais de saúde atenderem ao estado emocional da mulher, integrando a dimensão psicológica da experiência de transição para maternidade no acompanhamento perinatal; Supporting Motherhood in a holistic way:
effects on Maternal Self-Esteem and on Mother-Baby Bonding
Abstract: The transition to motherhood, especially for primiparous women, is a period that demands great changes and adaptations at a bio-psychosocial level, putting to the test a woman’s capacity to face motherhood, and has impact on the mother-baby relationship. Health professionals can contribute to making this transition a positive experience, by paying global attention to both the physical and mental health of the woman, during the period of pregnancy and childbirth.
This study, of a quantitative-correlation and transversal nature, has as its main objective, to verify the effect of the perinatal care provided by health professionals from pregnancy to immediate postpartum, looking at the self-esteem and maternal bonding, in a sample composed of 51 primiparous women in the puerperal period.
Data was obtained through a questionnaire on socio-demographic background and pregnancy history; Scales of Perception of the Global Support, during Pregnancy Partum and immediate Postpartum; the Scale of Bonding and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES).
The results indicate that the perception of global Support from pregnancy to immediate post-partum is positively related to the maternal self-esteem and that the perception of global support from pregnancy to immediate post-partum is negatively related to negative bonding. It also shows that maternal self-esteem is positively related to the positive bonding, and negatively related to negative bonding. Moreover, this study shows a significant relationship between satisfaction with the support during pregnancy, partum and immediate postpartum and the global perception of the support during these periods.
In conclusion, this study stresses the importance of health professionals taking into account the woman’s emotional status, by integrating the psychological dimension of the experience of the transition to motherhood in the perinatal care.
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Hungerford, Kristen A. "Reproductive Rights in Medical Dramas: A Feminist Analysis of Portrayals of Gender Roles on the Topic of Abortion on Television." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1279052562.
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Rubin, Sarah Ethel. "Struggling and Coping with Life: Maternal Emotional Distress in a South African Township." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1401790260.
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