To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Mosquito habitats.
Journal articles on the topic 'Mosquito habitats'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Mosquito habitats.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Ranasinghe, H. A. K., and L. D. Amarasinghe. "Naturally Occurring Microbiota Associated with Mosquito Breeding Habitats and Their Effects on Mosquito Larvae." BioMed Research International 2020 (December 14, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4065315.
Full textAbstract:
Immature mosquitoes are aquatic, and their distribution, abundance, and individual fitness in a particular breeding habitat are known to be dependent on mainly three factors: biotic factors, abiotic factors, and their interaction between each other and with other associated taxa. Mosquito breeding habitats harbor a diversified naturally occurring microbiota assemblage, and the biota have different types of interactions with mosquito larvae in those habitats. Those interactions may include parasitism, pathogenism, predation, and competition which cause the mortality of larvae, natural reduction of larval abundance, or alterations in their growth. Many microbiota species serve as food items for mosquito larvae, and there are also some indigestible or toxic phytoplanktons to larvae. However, when there is coexistence or mutualism of different mosquito species along with associated microbiota, they form a community sharing the habitat requirements. With the available literature, it is evident that the abundance of mosquito larvae is related to the densities of associated microbiota and their composition in that particular breeding habitat. Potential antagonist microbiota which are naturally occurring in mosquito breeding habitats could be used in integrated vector control approaches, and this method rises as an ecofriendly approach in controlling larvae in natural habitats themselves. To date, this aspect has received less attention; only a limited number of species of microbiota inhabiting mosquito breeding habitats have been recorded, and detailed studies on microbiota assemblage in relation to diverse vector mosquito breeding habitats and their association with mosquito larvae are few. Therefore, future studies on this important ecological aspect are encouraged. Such studies may help to identify field characteristic agents that can serve as mosquito controlling candidates in their natural habitats themselves.
2
Gardner, Allison M., Ephantus J. Muturi, and Brian F. Allan. "Discovery and exploitation of a natural ecological trap for a mosquito disease vector." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1891 (November 21, 2018): 20181962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1962.
Full textAbstract:
Ecological traps occur due to a mismatch between a habitat's attractiveness and quality, wherein organisms show preference for low-quality habitats over other available high-quality habitats. Our previous research identified leaf litter from common blackberry ( Rubus allegheniensis ) as a natural ecological trap for an important vector for West Nile virus ( Culex pipiens ), attracting mosquitoes to oviposit in habitats deleterious to the survival of their larvae. Here we demonstrate that manipulation of leaf litter in stormwater catch basins, an important source of disease vector mosquitoes in urban environments, can increase Cx. pipiens oviposition but reduce survival. In a series of experiments designed to elucidate the mechanisms that explain the attractive and lethal properties of this native plant, behavioural bioassays suggest that oviposition site selection by Cx. pipiens is mediated primarily by chemical cues as leaves decompose. However, we also show that juvenile mosquito survival is mainly related to the suitability of the bacterial community in the aquatic habitat for mosquito nutritional needs, which does not appear to create a cue that influences oviposition choice. This mismatch between oviposition cues and drivers of larval habitat quality may account for the ecological trap phenomenon detected in this study. Our findings provide new insights into potential mechanistic pathways by which ecological traps may occur in nature and proof-of-concept for a new ‘attract-and-kill’ tool for mosquito control.
3
Onchuru, Thomas Ogao, Yvonne Ukamaka Ajamma, Marion Burugu, Martin Kaltenpoth, Daniel Masiga, and Jandouwe Villinger. "Chemical parameters and bacterial communities associated with larval habitats of Anopheles, Culex and Aedes mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in western Kenya." International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 36, no. 03 (June 6, 2016): 146–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742758416000096.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAquatic larval habitat conditions influence the development, fitness and vectorial capacity of mosquitoes. In turn, human activities can influence these conditions and shape mosquito vector distribution, thus affecting pathogen circulation and transmission. We measured environmental factors (chemical and microbial) in mosquito larval habitats and evaluated their potential as predictors for the occurrence of different mosquito species in an arbovirus and malaria endemic region of western Kenya. We found significantly greater proportions ofAedes aegyptimosquito larvae in ammonium and phosphate rich habitats, suggesting that fertilizer usage could potentially increase aquatic habitat suitability andAedesvectored disease transmission.Anopheles gambiaelarval habitats correlated significantly with higher temperatures. However, none of theCulexspecies’ habitats correlated with investigated variables, indicating greater larval plasticity compared toAedesorAnopheles. Profiling of bacterial communities by 16S rRNA pyrosequencing revealed Proteobacteria, Bacterioidetes and Firmicutes as the major bacteria phyla present in mosquito aquatic microhabitats. Although there were no correlations between microbiota composition or diversity and larval species abundance, the dominant genera of microbes detected in larval habitats were reported in larval and adult mid-guts, suggesting that bacteria acquired from the larval habitats are transmitted to adult stages. This study identified the chemical and bacterial composition of aquatic microhabitats that are conducive to the development of different mosquito vectors in western Kenya. This information can inform potential vector control strategies by assessing management of breeding sites based on likely exposure to fertilizer, light and bacterial fauna.
4
Parker, Allison T., Kelsey McGill, and Brian F. Allan. "Container Type Affects Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Oviposition Choice." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 5 (March 12, 2020): 1459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa045.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Larvae of container-breeding mosquitoes develop in a wide range of container habitats found in residential neighborhoods. Different mosquito species may exhibit preference for different container types and sizes. Due to phenological differences, species composition in container habitats may change over time. We first conducted weekly neighborhood container surveys to determine the types of container habitats found in residential neighborhoods, and to determine mosquito species composition over time within these habitats. We then conducted an oviposition choice field assay to determine whether female mosquitoes of different species preferentially oviposit in different container types commonly found in neighborhoods. Halfway through the experiment, the largest container was removed at half the sites to test the hypothesis that incomplete source reduction alters oviposition preference among the remaining containers. In the neighborhood surveys, large containers had the greatest mosquito densities and the highest species richness. Aedes albopictus (Skuse), the most commonly collected mosquito, was found in all container types. The oviposition experiment indicated that Culex spp. females preferentially oviposit in large containers. When the largest container was removed, the total number of egg rafts decreased. Aedes spp. females preferred to oviposit in large- and medium-sized containers, but the total number of eggs laid did not change when the large container was removed. These results confirm that understanding habitat preferences of container-breeding mosquitoes is important to control efforts targeting vector species and that incomplete removal of container habitats may have unpredictable consequences for the distribution of juveniles among remaining habitats.
5
Leonard, Mark P., and Jonathan D. Oliver. "Mosquito Guttersnipe: A New Sampling Tool for Roof Gutters, Tree Holes, and Other Elevated Mosquito Habitats." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 37, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/20-6988.1.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Mosquitoes pose health risks to human populations by serving as vectors of diseases. Mosquito control organizations are responsible for inspecting and controlling vector populations to reduce the risk of infection of these diseases. Current sampling methods are effective for numerous types of mosquito habitat, but not conducive for sampling small overhead habitat such as roof gutters or tree holes. We have developed and tested a tool called the Mosquito GutterSnipe to sample these overhead habitats. Volumetric and larval capacity testing of the tool prototype demonstrated comparable sampling integrity to standard mosquito dipping methods. The GutterSnipe can be employed as a reliable way to sample previously overlooked mosquito habitat. Its current model is cost effective and easy to produce for mosquito control organizations and easy to use for inspectors.
6
Liu, Hong-Mei, Pei-Pei Yang, Peng Cheng, Hai-Fang Wang, Li-Juan Liu, Xiaodan Huang, Yu-Qiang Zhao, Huai-Wei Wang, Chong-Xing Zhang, and Mao-Qing Gong. "Resistance Level of Mosquito Species (Diptera: Culicidae) from Shandong Province, China." International Journal of Insect Science 7 (January 2015): IJIS.S24232. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/ijis.s24232.
Full textAbstract:
This study describes the aquatic habitats, species composition, and the insecticide resistance level of the mosquito Culex pipiens pallens in Shandong Province, China. A cross-sectional survey of mosquito larval habitats was conducted from May to November 2014 to determine the species composition and larval abundance. Larvae were collected using the standard dipping technique, and a total of four habitat types were sampled. The fourth instar larvae of Cx. pipiens pallens collected in each habitat type were tested for resistance to five insecticides according to a WHO bioassay. A total of 7,281 mosquito larvae were collected, of which 399 (5.48%) were categorized as Anopheles mosquito larvae ( An. sinensis), 6636 (91.14%) as culicine larvae ( Cx. pipiens pallens, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. halifaxii, and Cx. bitaeniorhynchus), 213 (2.93%) as Armigeres larvae, and 33 (0.45%) as Aedes larvae ( Aedes albopictus). In addition, a total of 1,149 mosquito pupae were collected. Culex larvae were distributed in all habitats investigated. Tukeys HSD analysis showed that roadside drainages were the most productive habitat type for Culex larvae. Armigeres species were found only in drains, Aedes only in water tanks, and Anopheles in water that was comparatively clear and rich in emergent plants. Bioassay showed that the maximum resistance level of Cx. pipiens pallens was to deltamethrin, while it was lowest to plifenate. The productivity of various mosquitoes in different habitat types is very heterogeneous. It is particularly important to modify human activity and the environment to achieve effective mosquito vector control. For effective larval control, the type of habitat should be considered, and the most productive habitat type should be given priority in mosquito abatement programs.
7
Multini, Laura Cristina, Rafael Oliveira-Christe, Antônio Ralph Medeiros-Sousa, Eduardo Evangelista, Karolina Morales Barrio-Nuevo, Luis Filipe Mucci, Walter Ceretti-Junior, Amanda Alves Camargo, André Barretto Bruno Wilke, and Mauro Toledo Marrelli. "The Influence of the pH and Salinity of Water in Breeding Sites on the Occurrence and Community Composition of Immature Mosquitoes in the Green Belt of the City of São Paulo, Brazil." Insects 12, no. 9 (September 5, 2021): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12090797.
Full textAbstract:
The physicochemical parameters of water, such as pH, salinity, conductivity, and total dissolved solids, can influence mosquito larval development, survival, and abundance. Therefore, it is important to elucidate how these factors influence mosquito occurrence. We hypothesized that the occurrence and community composition of immature mosquito species are driven not only by the availability of suitable aquatic habitats, but also by the physicochemical factors of these habitats. The primary objective of this study was therefore to investigate the influence of the physicochemical parameters of water in different types of aquatic habitats on the occurrence of mosquito species in two remnants of Atlantic Forest in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Collections of immature mosquitoes and assessment of the physicochemical characteristics of the water in the collection sites were carried out for twelve months. The variation in species composition and occurrence with the measured physicochemical parameters and the type of breeding site was assessed using constrained ordination methods. The results indicate that there was a statistically significant difference in species composition as a function of the different types of aquatic habitats, and that pH had an influence on species occurrence even when the variance explained by the type of aquatic habitat was removed from the analysis. There was a statistically significant association between mosquito species occurrence and pH and salinity, and the former had a significant influence on the mosquito species collected regardless of the type of aquatic habitat, showing that the pH of the breeding site water is an important factor in driving mosquito population dynamics and species distribution.
8
Karuitha, Miriam, Joel Bargul, Joel Lutomiah, Simon Muriu, Joseph Nzovu, Rosemary Sang, Joseph Mwangangi, and Charles Mbogo. "Larval habitat diversity and mosquito species distribution along the coast of Kenya." Wellcome Open Research 4 (November 13, 2019): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15550.1.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Management of arboviruses relies heavily on vector control. Implementation and sustenance of effective control measures requires regular surveillance of mosquito occurrences, species abundance and distribution. The current study evaluated larval habitat diversity and productivity, mosquito species diversity and distribution in selected sites along the coast of Kenya. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of mosquito breeding habitats, species diversity and distribution was conducted in urban, peri-urban and forested ecological zones in Mombasa and Kilifi counties. Results: A total of 13,009 immature mosquitoes were collected from 17 diverse aquatic habitats along the coast of Kenya. Larval productivity differed significantly (F (16, 243) = 3.21, P < 0.0001) among the aquatic habitats, with tyre habitats recording the highest larval population. Culex pipiens (50.17%) and Aedes aegypti (38.73%) were the dominant mosquito species in urban areas, while Ae. vittatus (89%) was the dominant species in forested areas. In total, 4,735 adult mosquitoes belonging to 19 species were collected in Haller Park, Bamburi, Gede and Arabuko Sokoke forest. Urban areas supported higher densities of Ae. aegypti compared to peri-urban and forest areas, which, on the other hand, supported greater mosquito species diversity. Conclusions: High Ae. aegypti production in urban and peri-urban areas present a greater risk of arbovirus outbreaks. Targeting productive habitats of Aedes aegypti, such as discarded tyres, containers and poorly maintained drainage systems in urban areas and preventing human-vector contact in peri-urban and forested areas could have a significant impact on the prevalence of arboviruses along the coast of Kenya, forestalling the periodic outbreaks experienced in the region.
9
Kim, Kyukwang, Jieum Hyun, Hyeongkeun Kim, Hwijoon Lim, and Hyun Myung. "A Deep Learning-Based Automatic Mosquito Sensing and Control System for Urban Mosquito Habitats." Sensors 19, no. 12 (June 21, 2019): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19122785.
Full textAbstract:
Mosquito control is important as mosquitoes are extremely harmful pests that spread various infectious diseases. In this research, we present the preliminary results of an automated system that detects the presence of mosquitoes via image processing using multiple deep learning networks. The Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) and neural network-based regression demonstrated an accuracy of 84%. Meanwhile, the single image classifier demonstrated an accuracy of only 52%. The overall processing time also decreased from 4.64 to 2.47 s compared to the conventional classifying network. After detection, a larvicide made from toxic protein crystals of the Bacillus thuringiensis serotype israelensis bacteria was injected into static water to stop the proliferation of mosquitoes. This system demonstrates a higher efficiency than hunting adult mosquitos while avoiding damage to other insects.
10
Jannah, Raodatul, Bambang Fajar Suryadi, Yuliadi Zamroni, and Galuh Tresnani. "KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS DAN DISTRIBUSI NYAMUK Aedes spp. DI PANTAI SENGGIGI LOMBOK BARAT." BioWallacea Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Biologi 5, no. 3 (December 9, 2019): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/biowall.v5i3.20.
Full textAbstract:
Senggigi beach is one of tourist destinations of Lombok island-West Nusa Tenggara. In addition to its beautiful scenery, Senggigi has potential problems in the health field namely Aedes spp., mosquito, which became a dengue vector. This explorative and descriptive research, has been done in June-July 2017 and aimed to observe the bioecology of Aedes spp., mosquito in Senggigi beach. Sampling was done with purposive sampling method, by collecting larvae and adult mosquito Aedes spp., at specified sampling point. The collected samples then identified. The result of the study, two species of Aedes spp., mosquitos were found, there are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Breeding habitat of Aedes spp. mosquitos were found in artificial containers. The highest density were 57.5 individuals/100 mL found in the boat habitat and the lowest density were 2 individuals/100 mL in the trash bin. The highest Relative Abundance Index value of Aedes aegypti were 100% in fish pond habitat and Aedes albopictus was 100% in three different habitats (used tire, sterofoam box and used bowl). The selection of Aedes albopictus habitat in clear and dirty water, near the yard of the house with dense vegetation rather than densely populated makes the distribution more widespread. Meanwhile, Aedes aegypti was only distributed in clear water habitats, near densely populated settlements.
11
Amarasinghe, L. D., and H. A. K. Ranasinghe. "Diversity and Species Composition of Microbiota Associated with Mosquito Breeding Habitats: A Study from Kurunegala District in Sri Lanka." BioMed Research International 2019 (December 30, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5897317.
Full textAbstract:
The pool of microbiota associated with mosquito breeding habitats varies with the habitat type and its characteristic features. The pool of microbiota in a given mosquito breeding habitat can include free living, symbiotic, noncompetitive, parasitic, predatory, and toxin producing species. However, in Sri Lanka the studies on the microbiota associated with mosquito breeding habitats are scarce. The present study was conducted to identify microbiota species/taxa associated with a variety of mosquito breeding habitats in selected areas of the Kurunegala district in Sri Lanka to determine the relationship, if any, the microbiota has with mosquito larvae breeding. A total of 44 microbiota species/taxa belonging to 10 phyla, namely, Bacillariophyta, Charophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanobacteria/Cyanophyta, Ochrophyta/Heterokontophyta, Amoebozoa, Euglenozoa, Ciliophora, Arthropoda, and Rotifera were identified. Vorticella microstoma (Ciliophora) showed a constant occurrence frequency in rice field habitats occupied mainly by Culex tritaeniorhynchus while the rest of the species had an accidental or rare frequency of occurrence. Nineteen species/taxa were identified as common species. Trophont stages of Vorticella microstoma and Zoothamnium spp. were found attached to the cuticle of mosquito larvae but only V. microstoma caused a lethal effect. The autotrophic protist, Euglena geniculate, Closterium spp., and Pinnularia spp. served as the diet items to mosquito larvae. The majority of the microbiota identified had no observable effect on mosquito larvae breeding.
12
Arroussi, Djamel Eddine Rachid, Ali Bouaziz, and Hamid Boudjelida. "Mosquito survey reveals the first record of Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) species in urban area, Annaba district, Northeastern Algeria." Polish Journal of Entomology 90, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8065.
Full textAbstract:
The diversity, distribution and ecology of mosquitoes, especially arbovirus vectors are important indices for arthropod-borne diseases control. The mosquito larvae were collected in different habitats in four sites of Annaba district, Algeria, during the period of March 2018 to February 2019 and the properties of larval habitats were recorded for each site. The systematic study revealed the presence of 8 species belonging to 4 genera; including Culex pipiens (Linnaeus, 1758), Culex modestus (Ficalbi, 1889), Culex theileri (Theobald, 1903), Culiseta longiareolata (Macquart, 1838), Anopheles labranchiae (Falleroni, 1926), Anopheles claviger (Meigen, 1804), Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894). Among the species, C. pipiens presented the highest species abundance (RA %) (55.23%) followed by C. longiareolata (20.21%). The Aedes species are recorded for the first time in the study urban area. Variation of diversity in different sites depends on the type of breeding habitat. These results provided important information on species diversity, distribution and factors associated with breeding habitats. They could be used for the mosquito control and to prevent the spread of mosquito-borne diseases to the population of the region.
13
Webb, Cameron Ewart, Raffaele Catanzariti, and Steven Hodosi. "Response of Mosquitoes Associated with Estuarine Wetlands to Bushfire in Australia." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 37, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/20-6972.1.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT The response of mosquitoes to bushfire is poorly understood. During the 2019–20 summer, many regions of Australia were impacted by devastating bushfires. An area of estuarine and brackish-water wetlands alongside the Georges River, Sydney, New South Wales, was burned in January 2020. Mosquito populations within the area were monitored as part of the local authority's mosquito management program, providing a unique opportunity to record the response of key mosquitoes of pest and public health concern to bushfire. Ground pools within a tidally influenced swamp oak forest dominated by Casuarina glauca and associated wetlands dominated by Phragmites australis and Bolboschoenus spp. had been identified as suitable habitat for a range of mosquitoes, including Aedes alternans, Ae. vigilax, and Verrallina funerea. Surveys of immature stages of mosquitoes within recently burned habitats inundated by tides demonstrated that mosquito eggs survived the direct and indirect impacts of fire and immature stages successfully completed development as reflected in concomitant changes in adult mosquito populations following the bushfire. This unique observation has implications for mosquito management following bushfire in Australia and internationally.
14
Egwu, Onyekachi, Carmelita C. Ohaeri, Ebube C. Amaechi, and Collins N. Ehisianya. "Distribution and abundance of mosquito larvae in Ohafia, Abia State, Nigeria." UNED Research Journal 10, no. 2 (September 21, 2018): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22458/urj.v10i2.2166.
Full textAbstract:
Quite a number of diseases are transmitted by mosquitoes. The abundance and distribution of mosquito vectors are related to the characteristics of larval habitats. A survey of the distribution and abundance of mosquito larvae was carried out at Nkporo and Abiriba Communities of Ohafia, Abia State, Nigeria. It was carried out during the dry and wet seasons from November 2014 to June 2015. The mosquito larvae were collected using dipper and pipette method from five mosquito habitats namely ground pools (58), household containers (213), domestic run-offs (49), gutters (55) and tree holes/leaf axils (43). A total of 2 641 mosquito larvae belonging to three genera and five species were collected. These were; Culex quinquesfaciatus (40%),Aedes aegypti (22%), Aedes albopictus (17%), Anopheles gambiae (14%), and Anopheles funestus (2%), Household containers had the highest number of larvae (60 %), while tree holes/leaf axils had the least (6%). From Nkporo, 53% of the larvae were collected while 47% was from Abiriba community. Anopheles funestus was recorded only in Nkporo community. However, the abundance of mosquito larvae sampled from the different habitats in the two communities were significantly different (X2 = 166,692, df = 16, P<0,05) from each other. There were also significant differences in the seasonal distribution of mosquito larvae in both dry (X2 = 56,865, df = 12, P<0,05) and wet (X2 = 22,241, df = 12, P<0,05) seasons in Nkporo community and dry (X2=31,776, df = 12, P<0,05) season in Abiriba community. These findings are useful in knowledge expansion on the vector ecology with particular interest on the type of habitat preference, this will be helpful in larval control programs.
15
Tubaki, Rosa Maria, Regiane Maria Tironi de Menezes, Rubens Pinto Cardoso Junior, and Eduardo Sterlino Bergo. "Studies on entomological monitoring: mosquito species frequency in riverine habitats of the Igarapava Dam, Southern Region, Brazil." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 46, no. 4 (August 2004): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652004000400009.
Full textAbstract:
Diversity of mosquito species was evaluated in different habitats before and after the Igarapava reservoir flooding in the Grande River, Southern Cerrado of Brazil. We aimed at verifying changes in these mosquito populations in consequence of the lake formation. Four habitats were selected as sampling stations: peridomiciliary habitat, pasture, "veredas" and gallery forest patch. Bimonthly collections were made with the Shannon trap and human bait, including diurnal, crepuscular and nocturnal period of mosquito activity. The Shannon Index results from the potential vectors were compared using Student t-test. Aedes scapularis, Anopheles darlingi and An. albitarsis senso latu seasonal abundance were described with moving average and compared using chi2 test. There were changes in the mosquito frequency in the habitats, except for the "veredas" that was 13 km away from the catchment area. The altering in mosquito species seasonal abundance suggests breeding places expansion. Diversity indexes can be used to monitor changes in mosquito vector population in environments where abrupt disturbance can alter disease transmission cycles.
16
Hanford, J. K., D. F. Hochuli, and C. E. Webb. "Observations of an unexpected abundance of estuarine mosquitoes associated with an urban freshwater wetland." Australian Zoologist 41, no. 1 (October 1, 2020): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/az.2020.014.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Urban freshwater wetlands have been identified as a potential source of mosquitoes of pest and public health concern in Australia. Mosquitoes most commonly associated with these habitats include Anopheles annulipes, Culex annulirostris, Culex quinquefasciatus, Coquillettidia linealis and Mansonia uniformis. However, adaptive management of freshwater wetlands for wildlife conservation or vegetation management can alter the local environmental conditions and may provide opportunities for other mosquito species to exploit these habitats. A series of small wetlands at Sydney Olympic Park, NSW, were drained in spring 2016 and allowed to refill via rainfall to improve conditions for the endangered green and golden bell frog Litoria aurea. Below-average rainfall was experienced that summer and the wetlands did not fully refill until early autumn. Surprisingly, immature stages of the estuarine mosquito, Aedes vigilax, were observed in the freshwater wetlands in exceptional abundances during this period. Adjacent to these freshwater wetlands there are extensive saltmarsh and mangrove habitats where highly abundant populations of Ae. vigilax are common. Observations of use of freshwater habitats by this estuarine mosquito have implications for urban freshwater wetland management and rehabilitation strategies, which currently do not consider the potential pest and public health issues associated with estuarine mosquitoes.
17
Sultana, Afroza, Sharmin Hasan, Mosharraf Hossain, Abdul Alim, Mohammad Al Mamun, and Kabirul Bashar. "Larval breeding habitats and ecological factors influence the species composition of mosquito (Diptera : Culicidae) in the parks of Dhaka city, Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 45, no. 2 (February 25, 2018): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v45i2.35706.
Full textAbstract:
Mosquito larval ecology is prerequisite for determining the larval abundance and species assemblage in mosquito control program. The study explored the association of five mosquito species with their breeding habitat diversity and species distribution in three selected parks from May to October, 2015. A total of 3217 mosquito larvae were reported from six breeding habitats, namely tree hole, leaf axils, water bottle, tire, drain and coconut shell. The frequency of the three species (Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Ar. subalbatus) coexistence was higher in tree holes (82.4%) than that of the other coexisting species. Pearson Chi-square result revealed that the association of species was significantly dependent on the breeding habitats. ANOVA further suggested that mosquito density varied across habitats where among the highest density of Cx. quinquefasciatus (3.87 ± 0.22) found in drain, followed by both Ae. albopictus (2.02 ± 0.17) and Ar. subalbatus (0.50 ± 0.09) in tree holes and Ae. aegypti (1.25 ± 0.23) in coconut shell. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus occurred in drain with the least observed density (0.03 ± 0.01). CCA results suggested that Aedes species were likely preferred to oviposit in shaded habitats where pH was associated with Ae. albopictus and dissolved oxygen was with Ae. aegypti and Ar. subalbatus. Culex species were positively associated with the habitats characterizing muddy bottom and emerging vegetation but not with any of the physico-chemical parameters. These findings concluded that ecological factors influence mosquito species to favor their breeding habitats can be helpful in controlling targeted vector species as well as the mosquito borne diseases.Bangladesh J. Zool. 45(2): 111-122, 2017
18
Marshall, Daniel S., and Christopher J. Butler. "Potential Distribution of the Biocontrol Agent Toxorhynchites rutilus By 2070." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 36, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/8756-971x-36.3.131.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Climate change projections indicate that mosquito distributions will expand to include new areas of North America, increasing human exposure to mosquito-borne disease. Controlling these vectors is imperative, as mosquito-borne disease incidence will rise in response to expansion of mosquito range and increased seasonality. One means of mosquito control used in the USA is the biocontrol agent, Toxorhynchites rutilus. Climate change will open new habitats for its use by vector control organizations, but the extent of this change in habitat is currently unknown. We used a maximum entropy approach to create species distribution models for Tx. rutilus under 4 climate change scenarios by 2070. Mean temperature of warmest quarter (22.6°C to 29.1°C), annual precipitation (1,025.15 mm to 1,529.40 mm), and precipitation seasonality (≤17.86) are the most important bioclimatic variables for suitable habitat. The center of current possible habitat distribution of Tx. rutilus is in central Tennessee. Depending upon the scenario, we expect centroids to shift north-northeast by 97.68 km to 280.16 km by 2070. The extreme change in area of greater than 50% suitable habitat probability is 141.14% with 99.44% area retained. Our models indicate limited change in current habitat as well as creation of new habitat. These results are promising for North American mosquito control programs for the continued and potential combat of vector mosquitoes using Tx. rutilus.
19
Onodua, E., PE Odo, and AO Egwunyenga. "Mosquito Species Abundance, Distribution and Diversity in Ughelli North Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria." NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES 3, no. 1 (July 19, 2020): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/napas.157.
Full textAbstract:
This research was carried out to record mosquito species abundance, distribution, diversity and breeding sites in four villages of Ughelli North Local Government Area of Delta State. Potential habitats of mosquitoes were sampled using dippers, hand-lens and plastic containers between June and November 2014. A total number of 274 sites were examined and only 146 were positive for mosquito larvae. The habitats sampled include domestic containers 107(39.05%), puddles 59(21.53%), tyres 47(17.15%) and drains 61(22.26%). The variation in the number of larvae collected from the various habitats were not significant (P=0.1203, F=2.705 and df= 3). One thousand six hundred and fifty-three (1.653) mosquito larvae were collected and reared to adults. Seven hundred and twelve (712) of the larvae emerged as adults that were separated into three genera: Anopheles, Aedes and culex and identified up to species level. Culex quinquefasciatus was found to be the most abundant (29.35%) in the study area, followed by Aedes aegypti (25.70%). C. nebulosus was the least abundant species with 2.95 %. Domestic containers were the most preferred breeding habitats for all the mosquito species and the variation in the species of mosquito with respect to types of habitat showed significant association in Ofuoma (P=0.0167, F=4.322,df=3) and Adjekota (P=0.0252, F=3.852, df=3). There was significant difference in the occurrence of mosquito species in the month of September (p value 0.0085) compared to June (p value 0.0518), July (p value 0.2370), August (p value 0.1920), October (p value 0.0534) and November (p value 0.0241. Variations existed in the physico-chemical parameters in the different sources of collections in different locations. Temperature ranged from 20.0 to 24.60C while pH (hydrogen ion concentration) range was 6.9 – 7.7 and Dissolved oxygen (D.O) ranged between 1.4 and 2.7(mg/L) as Conductivity ranged between 67.9 and 82.1(μs) and turbidity varied from 62.0NTU in the container samples to 84.2NTU in the gutter samples and depth varied between 6.3 and 68.3(cm) across the different locations but depth ranged from 6.3cm to 68.3cm and temperature was (22.8±2.6), Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mean was used to determine the significant differences (p<0.05) in habitats and species distribution while Shannon Wiener and Simpson indices were used to determine species diversity and abundance. There is need for concerted efforts in mosquito control in Ughelli North to mitigate the incidence of mosquito transmitted diseases.
20
Farjana, T., MS Ahmmed, TF Khanom, N. Alam, and N. Begum. "Surveillance of Mosquitoes Larva at Selected Areas of Mymensingh District in Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 13, no. 1 (July 1, 2015): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23962.
Full textAbstract:
Mosquito borne diseases have a great impact on human and animal health throughout the world including Bangladesh. An entomological survey was conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) campus and its surrounding areas from January to June, 2013 to identify the mosquito larvae and to investigate the different breeding site preferences of mosquitoes. Mosquito larvae were collected using dipper, ladle spoon, dropper and pipette from rice field, botanical garden, dairy farm, poultry farm, drains, lakes, ponds, staff quarters, residential halls and cattle sheds. A total of 1397 mosquito larvae were collected from the places. Ten species of mosquitoes under three genera were identified. The recorded genera were Anopheles (An.), Culex (Cx.) and Aedes (Ae.). The collected species were An. bengalensis, An. vagus, Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. gelidus, Cx. vishnui, Cx. whitmorei, Cx. sitiens and Ae. albopictus. Among the collected larvae, Culex was found most prevalent (64.3%), followed by Anopheles (26.7%) and Aedes were the least prevalent (9.0%). The results of this study provide evidence that drains were the most common aquatic habitat of Anopheles and Culex larvae in Boyra, Kewatkhali and Balashpur. In BAU campus, agronomy fields were found having the highest percentage (35.2%) of mosquito larvae than the other places of the campus. This study suggests that although drains and rice fields are the richest habitats, since Anopheles and Culex can breed in all available breeding habitats. This larval survey will help us to conduct future mosquito control activities and provide us useful information to schedule larvicides application to control the mosquito borne diseases in the study areas as well as throughout the country.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23962Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 79-88
21
Ranasinghe, H. A. K., and L. D. Amarasinghe. "Naturally Occurring Microbiota in Dengue Vector Mosquito Breeding Habitats and Their Use as Diet Organisms by Developing Larvae in the Kandy District, Sri Lanka." BioMed Research International 2020 (October 12, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5830604.
Full textAbstract:
Naturally occurring microbiota in mosquito larval habitats are among biotic factors which affect the population dynamics of developing larvae. Many microbiota species serve as food items for vector mosquito larvae, and food limitations within habitats adversely affect larval survival, developmental rate, adult fitness, and thereby vector competence. Therefore, identification of microbiota as associates with larvae reveals their relationship between each other as parasites, pathogens, epibionts, or diet organisms. Analysis of associated microbiota species in the dengue vector larval breeding habitats ( n = 40 ) and the mosquito larval gut content were conducted in Kandy District in Sri Lanka. Study revealed that a total of 22 microbiota species belong to nine phyla (Amoebozoa, Bacillariophyta, Ciliophora, Chlorophyta, Sarcodina, Cyanobacteria/Cyanophyta, Euglenozoa, Ochrophyta/Heterokontophyta, and Rotifera) were encountered from different Ae. aegypti mosquito breeding habitats while 26 microbiota species that belonged to ten phyla were recorded from Ae. albopictus mosquito breeding habitats with one additional phylum Arthropoda. Considering Ae. aegypti breeding habitats, only Philodina citrina in low roof gutters existed as constant species. Considering Aedes albopictus breeding habitats, Volvox aureus in plastic containers, Lecane luna in coconut shells, Phacus pleuronectes in concrete slabs, and Pinnularia sp. in tree holes existed as constant species. The rest of the microbiota existed as common or accidental/rare species in a variety of habitat types. The Shannon-Weiner diversity (21.01 and 19.36) and gamma diversity (eight and eight) of the microbiota associated with Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus larvae, respectively, in ponds were found to be higher than other types of breeding habitats recorded during the study. Twelve microbiota species were recorded from larval gut analysis as food organisms of both species of mosquito larvae. However, the distribution of gut microbiota species differed between Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus ( Chi − square = 21.294 , P = 0.002 ). Identification of microbiota as food items of vector mosquito larvae led to a focus on larval food limitation by introducing food competitors, which could be a potential additional tool for integrated vector control approaches within the country.
22
Haroona, Atif, Tayyaba Yaseen, Aqarab Husnain, Mehran Mehfooz, Muhammad Umer Umair, Muhammad Husnain Jarar, Usama Naveed, and Faraz Khalid. "WATER RESOURCES HELPS İN THE EXPANSİON OF MOSQUİTOES COLONİES." Big Data In Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE) 1, no. 1 (February 4, 2020): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2020.16.21.
Full textAbstract:
In Pakistan, water storage bodies are often the most plentiful and active habitats of immature stages of mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are blood feeding type of vectors that bite a particular host and suck blood. As a result, these vectors transmit disease causing agents to the host system. The most common mosquitoes borne viral diseases in Pakistan are Chicken gunya, Dengue fever, west nile and Zika fever. These diseases are common in low and poor living standard areas. Death rate increases due to more attack of these fatal diseases. Mosquitoes breeding sites are water bodies, discarded tyres, water tanks, bottles, cups and ant traps. Various environmental agents i.e. temperature fluctuations and water resources, now increase the rate of mosquitos in most areas of Pakistan. There is a lack of basic medical education and knowledge about its pervention techniques in mosquito affected areas in Pakistan. The purpose of this review is to highlight the current status of emerging mosquito borne viral diseases in Pakistan, i.e. Chicken gunya, Dengue fever, est nile and Zika fever. There is more need of prevention strategies and understanding about factors involved in spreading of mosquito borne diseases.
23
de Jesús Crespo, Rebeca, Madison Harrison, Rachel Rogers, and Randy Vaeth. "Mosquito Vector Production across Socio-Economic Divides in Baton Rouge, Louisiana." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 3, 2021): 1420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041420.
Full textAbstract:
We investigated the role of socio-economic factors in the proliferation of mosquito vectors in two adjacent but socio-economically contrasting neighborhoods in Baton Rouge, LA, USA. We surveyed mosquito larvae habitat, mosquito larvae, and adult mosquitoes during the summer of 2020. We also evaluated the number of requests for mosquito abatement services in the years preceding the study for each area. While we did not find differences in terms of the most abundant species, Culex quinquefasicatus (F1,30 = 0.329, p = 0.57), we did find a higher abundance of mosquito habitats, particularly discarded tires, as well as larvae (z = 13.83, p < 0.001) and adults (F1,30 = 4.207, p = 0.049) of the species Aedes albopictus in the low-income neighborhood. In contrast, mosquito abatement requests were significantly higher in the high socio-economic neighborhood (z = −8.561, p < 0.001). This study shows how factors such as adjudicated properties, discarded tires and pest abatement requests can influence the abundance of mosquito vectors, disproportionately affecting low-income groups. This study also highlights how Aedes spp. may be better indicators than Culex spp. of socio-economic differences between nearby neighborhoods, due to their short flight range and habitat preferences, and this should be considered in future studies attempting to detect such disparities in the future.
24
Xia, Siyang. "Laboratory Oviposition Choice of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) From Kenya and Gabon: Effects of Conspecific Larvae, Salinity, Shading, and Microbiome." Journal of Medical Entomology 58, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 1021–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa285.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.) is the primary vector of several arboviruses. Mosquito control and surveillance are essential to restrict disease transmission, the effectiveness of which depends on our understanding of the mosquito’s behaviors, including oviposition. Previous studies have identified a variety of oviposition cues. However, most of these studies involved only Ae. aegypti outside of the species’ native range, Africa. Populations outside Africa differ in their genetics and some behaviors from their African counterparts, suggesting possibly different oviposition preferences. Within Africa, Ae. aegypti can be found in both ancestral forest habitats and domestic habitats. The African domestic populations may represent an intermediate state between the forest and the truly domesticated non-African populations. Comparing mosquitoes from these three habitats (African forest, African domestic, and non-African domestic) might provide insight into the evolution of oviposition behavior. In this study, I examined the oviposition choices of multiple Ae. aegypti colonies from all three habitats in laboratory settings. I applied a two-choice assay to test four oviposition cues: the preexistence of conspecific larvae, salinity, shading, and microbiome. A subset of African colonies showed similar oviposition choices as their non-African counterparts, whereas the rest show little response to the factors tested. Within the African colonies, oviposition choices of the domestic colonies were significantly different from the forest colonies in most experiments. Yet, their preferences were not always intermediate between that of mosquitoes from the other two habitats. Collectively, this study adds to our understanding of Ae. aegypti oviposition, especially in previously understudied African populations.
25
Bodharamik, Thavin, Waraporn Juntarajumnong, Chamnarn Apiwathnasorn, Sungsit Sungvornyothin, and Uraiwan Arunyawat. "Diversity Of Mosquito Species Ovipositing In Different Zones of Light Intensity Within Limestone Caves In Thailand." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 34, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/18-6742.1.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Climate change and human activity affect the geographical and annual distribution and population abundance of mosquitoes. As natural habitats are reduced, it is hypothesized that mosquitoes may seek refuge in more stable environments such as cave habitats. Therefore, we explored the species diversity of mosquitoes exploiting cave habitats in Thailand. Ten species belonging to 4 genera were collected, of which none were considered to be true cave-dwelling species (Troglobiont). The known cavernicolous species, Aedes cavaticus, was observed to oviposit outside of the cave and therefore should be categorized as a subtroglophilic species. Other species were also oviposited inside the cave but should be regarded as trogloxenic species. There was no clear association between environmental factors and mosquito abundance inside the 4 limestone caves, except for Ae. cavaticus, which was positively correlated with rainfall. This study indicates that different biotic or abiotic factors may be involved in mosquito oviposition site selection inside caves.
26
Agbor, Okemena V., Taiwo E. Idowu, Kayode I. Fagbohun, Amos T. Oyeniyi, Romoke T. Jimoh, and Adetoro O. Otubanjo. "Molecular Identification and Insecticide Resistance Status of Culex mosquitoes collected from blocked drainages in Lagos State, Nigeria." Pan African Journal of Life Sciences 4, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/pajols/0202/40(0110).
Full textAbstract:
Background: Culex mosquitoes are important vectors of several human pathogens causing infections such as lymphatic filariasis and several viruses. Poor and blocked drainage system can lead to impediment in water flow, leading to the artificial creation of larval habitats for Culex mosquitoes. Culex mosquitoes has the ability to breed in organically polluted water bodies and exhibit high resistance to insecticides. Therefore, this study assessed the species and insecticides susceptibility status of Culex breeding in blocked drainages in Lagos State. Methods: Culex mosquito larvae were collected from blocked drainages in three Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Lagos State, Nigeria, using standard WHO technique. The physicochemical parameters of the larval habitats were also recorded. Collected mosquito larvae were raised to adult, 2-3 days old. Glucose fed adults female mosquitoes were exposed to permethrin (0.75%) and DDT (4.0%) WHO insecticide test papers. Morphological identification was carried out using standard keys and molecular identification of Culex pipiens sub-species and kdr genotyping was carried out using PCR Results: High level of resistance was recorded with mortality r ate after 24 hour s for DDT ranging from 20% to 32% while permethrin ranges from 14% to 36%. The pH of the all the Culex mosquito larva habitats ranges from 7.38±0.11 to 7.62±0.29, while TDS ranges from 592.6±79.1 to 655±68.1. A total of 1113 Culex pipiens mosquitoes that were identify morphologically, some were selected for molecular identification using PCR assays, out of which 96.2% were identified as Culex p. quinquefasciatus while 3.7% were unidentified. Knockdown mutation (L1014F) was not detected in DDT and pyrethroids resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus in this study. Conclusion: Unplanned ur banization, inadequate w ater su pply and inefficient solid w aste and sewage management practices can result in the creation artificial larval habitats for Culex mosquitoes leading to potential outbreak of Culex mosquito borne diseases. The resistance to DDT and permethrin insecticides in Cx. quinquefasciatus in Lagos State may represent a threat towards the efficacy of ITNs and other forms of vector control such as indoor residual spraying in the future.
27
Ranasinghe, H. A. K., and L. D. Amarasinghe. "Naturally Occurring Microbiota Associated with Mosquito Breeding Habitats and Potential Parasitic Species against Mosquito Larvae: A Study from Gampaha District, Sri Lanka." BioMed Research International 2020 (April 28, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4602084.
Full textAbstract:
A mosquito species has its own favourable requirements of abiotic and biotic characteristics including microbiota, in a breeding habitat. Some of the microbiota may cause parasitic or pathogenic effects to mosquito larvae such as species of viruses, parasitic bacteria, fungi, protists, entomopathogenic nematodes, and filamentous fungi. In Sri Lanka, there is a scarcity of information on microbiota associated with mosquito breeding habitats and their effect on mosquito larvae. Hence, the present study was conducted to determine microbiota species/taxa associated with a variety of mosquito breeding habitats in selected areas of the Gampaha District in Sri Lanka and the relationship, if any, the microbiota has with mosquito larva survival and breeding. Forty-five microbiota species belonging to 11 phyla were found from different mosquito breeding habitats with the highest percentage belonging to phylum Euglenozoa (27.89%). Species that belonged to the phylum Amoebozoa (1.22%) and Sarcodina (1.17%) had the lowest abundance, and each of its species richness was recorded as one. Philodina citrina followed by Monostyla bulla comprised 30.8% and 16.59%, respectively, of the total rotifer population. From the total microbiota, 25-50% existed as accidental while less than 25% rare, in the habitat type according to their abundance. Paddy fields had the highest species richness (17), evenness (23.52), Shannon-Weiner (66.64), and beta diversity (0.65) over 50% indicating high heterogeneity in microbiota composition among the habitats. Ciliated protists, namely, Vorticella microstoma, Zoothamnium spp., and Chilodinella sp., were identified as naturally occurring microbiota associated with Culex mosquito larvae that inhabited in paddy fields and associated irrigation canals. Only Vorticella microstoma caused a significant lethal effect on mosquito larvae. This study revealed that species of Cx. gelidus, Cx. pseudovishnui, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. quinquefasciatus, and Cx. whitmorei served as hosts for V. microstoma where infectivity rate in Cx. tritaeniorhynchus reached 73.22. Chilodinella sp. selectively served as endoparasitic to Cx. gelidus larvae causing only 4.58% mortality, and invasive cysts of the pathogen were observed in the subcuticular layer of the host body. Even though Zoothamnium spp. were found on Cx. tritaeniorhynchus larvae, there was no lethal effect due to the attachment of the parasitic agent. The potential of these microbiotas in integrated vector controlling approaches in future perspectives is recommended.
28
Hanford, Jayne K., Dieter F. Hochuli, and Cameron E. Webb. "Oviposition Behavior of Culex annulirostris (Diptera: Culicidae) Is Affected by the Recent Presence of Invasive Gambusia holbrooki (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 56, no. 4 (March 24, 2019): 1165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz027.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Constructed wetlands are popular tools for managing threatened flora and fauna in urban settings, but there are concerns that these habitats may increase mosquito populations and mosquito-related public health risks. Understanding the interactions occurring between mosquitoes of public health concern and co-occurring organisms is critical to informing management of these habitats to mitigate potential health risks and balance the multiple values of urban wetlands. This study examined how oviposition behavior of Culex annulirostris Skuse, the most important pest mosquito species associated with freshwater wetland habitats in Australia, is influenced by the presence of Gambusia holbrooki Girard, a widespread invasive fish. Water was collected from urban wetlands that are intensively managed to reduce G. holbrooki populations to assist conservation of locally threatened frogs, and adjacent unmanaged wetlands where G. holbrooki was abundant. Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the oviposition response by Cx. annulirostris to water samples from these two habitats. Experiments were conducted on two occasions, once in February following draining and refilling of the urban wetlands, and repeated following a substantial rainfall event in March. The results clearly demonstrate that ovipositing mosquitoes were able to detect and avoid water derived from habitats containing fish, even in the absence of the fish themselves. Understanding how invasive species affect the behavior and spatial distribution of pest species such as Cx. annulirostris will enable future wetland design and management to maximize benefits of urban wetlands and minimize potential public health risks.
29
Vonesh, James R., and Leon Blaustein. "Predator-Induced Shifts in Mosquito Oviposition Site Selection: A Meta-Analysis and Implications for Vector Control." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 56, no. 3-4 (May 6, 2010): 263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijee.56.3-4.263.
Full textAbstract:
The global resurgence and emergence of new mosquito-borne diseases and increasing resistance of mosquitoes to chemical pesticides have prompted renewed interest in biocontrol methods that use aquatic predators of mosquito larvae. For disease vectors with complex life cycles, like mosquitoes, in which adults are terrestrial and choose aquatic habitats in which to deposit their offspring, shifts in oviposition site selection may have important consequences for vector population dynamics and epidemiology. While there have been numerous studies of mosquito oviposition site selection, methodology and results vary, making it difficult to evaluate the general importance of predator-induced shifts in oviposition site selection for biocontrol scenarios. Here we use meta-analysis to provide a quantitative framework for examining variation in mosquito oviposition responses to predators. Overall, we find a broad pattern of predator avoidance among mosquito and predator taxa. The primary factor explaining variation in oviposition response appears to be taxonomic and/or life-history related—avoidance is weakest or non-existent inAedesspecies that oviposit eggs above water in container habitats. Responses also varied among predators. Generally, oviposition avoidance was strongest in response to fish and insects, weak or nonexistent in response to notostracans, urodeles, or dipterans, and there is limited evidence that some mosquitoes are attracted to cyclopoid crustaceans. Our results highlight that predator avoidance during oviposition is common, but not ubiquitous, in mosquitoes and needs to be considered when evaluating the likely efficacy of aquatic predators for biocontrol.
30
Tucker-Mohl, Katherine, Patrick Hart, and Carter T. Atkinson. "Can lowland dry forests represent a refuge from avian malaria for native Hawaiian birds?" Pacific Conservation Biology 16, no. 3 (2010): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc100181.
Full textAbstract:
Hawaii?s native birds have become increasingly threatened over the past century. Introduced mosquito borne diseases such as avian malaria may be responsible for the near absence of endemic Hawaiian forest birds in low-elevation habitats. The recent recognition that some native Hawaiian forest birds may be repopulating moist lowland habitats as a result of evolved resistance to this disease has increased the conservation value of these areas. Here, we investigate whether remnant low elevation dry forests on Hawaii Island provide natural ?refuges? from mosquito-transmitted malaria by nature of their low rainfall and absence of suitable natural sources of water for mosquito breeding. Unlike lowland wet forests where high rates of disease transmission may be selecting for disease resistance, lowland dry forests may provide some refuge for native forest birds without natural resistance to malaria. We mistnetted forest birds in two lowland dry forests and tested all native birds by microscopy and serology for avian malaria caused by the Plasmodium relictum parasite. We also conducted surveys for standing water and mosquito larvae. Overall prevalence of infections with Plasmodium relictum in the Hawaii Amakihi Hemignathus virens virens was 15%. Most infected birds had lowlevel parasitemias, suggesting chronic infections. Although avian malaria is present in these lowland dry forest Amakihi populations, infection rates are significantly lower than in wet forest populations at similar elevations. Sources of breeding mosquitoes in these forests appeared to be largely anthropogenic; thus, there is potential to manage dry forests as mosquito-free habitat for Hawaii Amakihi and other Hawaiian forest birds.
31
Amusan, Babatunde, and Sylvestre Ogbogu. "Surveillance of mosquito larvae in various microhabitats in a University Campus in Southwestern Nigeria." UNED Research Journal 12, no. 1 (March 20, 2020): e2605. http://dx.doi.org/10.22458/urj.v12i1.2605.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Mosquitoes are potentially regarded as one of the most deadly animals in the world as they are known to vector a number of vital diseases. The faunistic composition and prevalence of these mosquitoes are dependent on the characteristics of the larvae habitats. Objective: In this study we surveyed the mosquito larvae in relation to the characteristics of their various microhabitats with the aim of determining how the habitats influence the composition, abundance and distribution of the mosquito larvae on Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile - Ife campus. Methods: We did mosquito larvae sampling monthly between 07: 00 and 10:00 for six months (August, 2017 - January, 2019) using standard dipping method. The various microhabitats sampled included; ground pools, discarded containers, drainage channels and tree holes in each of the study sites. Results: We identifies seven species distributed in three genera as following; Anopheles sp. (Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles funestus); Aedes sp. (Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus); Culex sp (Culex pipiens, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex poicilipe). Culex was the dominant and most abundant genera as it accounted for 48% of the entire collection. Mosquito larvae were significantly (p<0,05) more abundant in the dry season than in the wet season. The highest abundance of mosquitoes was recorded in Akintola Hall as it accounted for 50,1% of the entire collection. Findings in this study also revealed that drainage channels in the study sites accounted for the highest abundance of mosquitos. A total of 277 ind. were collected in the various drainage channels in the study sites and this represented 45% of the entire collection while Leaking pipes and Ground pools accounted for 89 (15%) and 87 (14%) individuals respectively. We collected majority of the mosquitoes near dwellings thus suggesting that the species identified in this study have affinity for humans and their dwellings. Conclusion: We suggest that un-kept drainage channels, leakages and discarded domestic containers littered around the study sites are possible contributing factors to the enormous breeding sites available to mosquitoes. Elimination of such breeding sites can effectively mitigate the survival and prevalence of mosquitoes in the area.
32
Ranasinghe, Koshila, Nayana Gunathilaka, Deepika Amarasinghe, and Lahiru Udayanga. "Breeding Habitat Distribution of Medically Important Mosquitoes in Kurunegala, Gampaha, Kegalle, and Kandy Districts of Sri Lanka and Potential Risk for Disease Transmission: A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020 (September 2, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7915035.
Full textAbstract:
Some arbovirus infections, especially dengue, have increased rapidly over the last few decades in Sri Lanka. Prevalence and distribution of different mosquito species have been limitedly documented, which remains grossly inadequate in providing evidence for potential health risks. In this study, the diversity and species composition of mosquitoes in four selected districts in Sri Lanka (Kurunegala, Gampaha, Kegalle, and Kandy) were investigated. Entomological surveys were conducted from a total of 160 temporary and permanent mosquito breeding habitats identified in the study area from June 2017 to October 2018. Mosquito immature stages were sampled using standard dipping, siphoning, or pipetting methods and identified up to the species level. Percentage relative abundance and habitat characteristics such as species richness, dominance, and Shannon–Weiner diversity were calculated for each surveyed habitat type. Associations between co-occurring species were estimated by Hulbert’s coefficient of interspecific association (C8). A total of 4663 mosquito larvae belonging to seven genera and fifteen species of mosquitoes were collected. The relative distribution of mosquito species differed significantly among the four studied districts (X2 = 143.248; df = 33; P<0.001). According to Kruskal–Wallis statistics (P<0.05 at 95% of significance), all diversity indices for immature stages of medically important mosquitoes varied significantly across different breeding sites. Paddy fields had the significantly highest species richness of 4.0 ± 2.82. The coefficients of interspecific association among all the recorded medically important vector mosquitoes were found negative during the present study. The findings of the current study would be useful to identify the entomological potential for disease transmission and facilitate the implementation of appropriate vector control interventions. This would ultimately provide an avenue to improve the personal skills of health staff rather than limiting their knowledge to specified disease vectors, under which the control program is concerned.
33
Gonsalves, Leroy, Susan Lamb, Cameron Webb, Bradley Law, and Vaughan Monamy. "Do mosquitoes influence bat activity in coastal habitats?" Wildlife Research 40, no. 1 (2013): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr12148.
Full textAbstract:
Context Conservation of insectivorous bat populations requires appropriate management of foraging habitats and the prey resources they sustain. Endangered coastal saltmarsh communities support a diverse range of aquatic and terrestrial arthropods, including the saltmarsh mosquito (Aedes vigilax Skuse), an important vector of mosquito-borne viruses and a potentially important prey resource for insectivorous bats. Prey detectability by bats is considered to be limited with low-frequency echolocation, particularly in cluttered habitats, that may render abundant Ae. vigilax populations unavailable to some bat species. Aims To investigate relationships between availability of Ae. vigilax and non-mosquito prey, and the activity of foraging insectivorous bats in a range of coastal habitats. Methods We measured nightly bat activity and the abundance of prey (mosquito and non-mosquito) concurrently during neap and spring tides in saltmarsh, urban and forest habitats. Comparisons were made between tidal cycle and habitats, and relationships between bat activity and the abundance of prey were examined. Key results Whereas prey abundances were generally greatest in saltmarsh and forest habitats, bat activity was greatest in the forest habitat. However, proportional feeding activity was greatest in saltmarsh. Prey abundance was positively correlated with total bat activity only in the open saltmarsh, where an absence of clutter would maximise prey detectability and thus availability. Positive correlations between Ae. vigilax abundance and bat activity, across all habitats, were restricted to bats of the Vespadelus genus, which are small-sized bats that employ high-frequency echolocation suitable for detection of small prey along edges. Conclusions These findings suggest that Ae. vigilax may be an important prey resource for small, high-frequency echolocating bats capable of discerning small prey within cluttered forest as well as exploiting abundant prey in the open saltmarsh. Implications Small, high-frequency echolocating bats should be the focus of future studies investigating the importance of small prey, such as Ae. vigilax, to the diets of foraging bats.
34
Roy, Milita, Malini Kundu, Soumendranath Chatterjee, and Gautam Aditya. "Distribution of mosquito larvae in rice field habitats: a spatial scale analysis in semi-field condition." European Journal of Ecology 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eje-2019-0006.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The distribution of the mosquito larvae in the breeding habitats varies at the spatial scale depending on the availability of the resources and the predators. This proposition was assessed through the observation of the spatial distribution of Culex larvae (Culex tritaeniorhynchus) in artificially constructed rice field habitats. Using a binomial generalized linear model with logit link, the disparity in the abundance of the larvae was evaluated to justify the effects of light (light vs shade), vertical (surface vs bottom), and horizontal (wall vs center) distribution as explanatory variables. Under light availability, the spatial occupancy of the mosquito larvae was higher in the center than in the walls of the mesocosms. However, the larval orientation was higher on the surface than at the bottom of the mesocosms in all instances. In comparison to open spaces, the larval aggregation was higher in the presence of the floating vegetations like Azolla and Lemna, indicating that the habitat heterogeneity of the mesocosms influenced the distribution of the mosquito larvae in the available spaces. A reduction in the larval aggregation pattern in the spaces was observed in the presence of the predator (Anisops sp.) reflecting the possible evasion tactics of the mosquito larvae. The observations suggest that the mosquito larvae may utilize the vegetation in the rice field habitats quite effectively and occupy empty spaces of predators. The results may be considered as a prototype of the prospective localization of the mosquito larvae in the rice fields and help to frame the strategies of spraying the biopesticides to achieve optimal efficacy in mosquito regulation.
35
Supriyono, Supriyono, Suriyani Tan, and Upik Kesumawati Hadi. "Ragam Spesies dan Karakteristik Habitat Nyamuk di Kecamatan Juai, Kabupaten Balangan, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan." ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies 11, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/asp.v11i1.186.
Full textAbstract:
Filariasis is a mosquito borne disease which caused by filarial worm. In addition, beside causing ahigh morbidity rate and socioeconomic losses, the disease may also decrease the human productivity. Thecontrol efforts have been done by vector control program, yet still not effective. This is due to a lack ofunderstanding of the biology of mosquito vector. The aim of this research was to determine diversity ofmosquitoes, density, behavior, characteristic habitat and their role of filariasis transmission. The researchwas conducted from Januari to April 2015 in Hamarung and Hukai Villages, Juai Subdistrict, BalanganDistrict, South Kalimantan Province. Collection of mosquitoes was done by bare leg bait indoor collectionmethod and outdoor collection method from 06.00 pm–06.00 am. In additon, larvae were collected in theirpotencial habitats. There were 15 species mosquitoes comprising of 5 genera i.e. genus of Culex, Mansonia,Anopheles, Armigeres, and Aedes. There were 5 dominant species of mosquitoes i.e. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus(36.80%), Cx. quinquefasciatus (29.60%), Ma. dives (11.73%), Ma. annulata (10.04%) dan Ma. uniformis(4.62%). The peak activity of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. quinquefasciatus in both villages occurred at21.00–00.45. Based on the habitat of mosquitoes, genus of Culex, Mansonia and Anopheles were found inswamps. Mosquitoes dissection did not show any microfilaria stages (L1, L2, L3).
36
Pahlepi, Rahman Irpan, Santoso Santoso, Vivin Mahdalena, and Marini Marini. "Culex vishnui Sebagai Vektor Filariasis Potensial di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, Provinsi Riau." ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies 12, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/asp.v12i1.3040.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Kuantan Singingi District is one of the endemic areas of filariasis in Riau Province. Mass treatment activities have been done, but the results of TAS-1 in 2016 with Brugia Rapid Test still found 11 positive children, this condition indicates that there is still new transmission in Kuantan Singingi Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the mosquito species which potentially become vector filariasis - and to determine the types of potential breeding habitats for mosquito larvae. This research was done in Pulau Panjang Cerenti Village, Cerenti District and Sukadamai Village, Singingi Hilir District in September and November 2017. Catching mosquitoes held for 12 hours starting at 18.00 -06.00 WIB, using the modification of human landing collection double net method. Mosquito catching was done twice, with an interval of one month, at three points/locations for two consecutive nights. There were 24 species of mosquito caught in the two villages. The most dominant species in Pulau Panjang Village was Culex vishnui (54.89%) with indoor and outdoor MHD were 4.5; 16.08 species/man/hour, Sukadamai Village was Culex quinquefasciatus (95.42%) with indoor and outdoor MHD were 23.58; 19.08 species/man/hour. PCR examination results on mosquitoes caught in Sukadamai Village was found microfilarian DNA B. malayi in Cx.vishnui, so potentially become filariasis vector. Breeding habitats that are found mostly was fish ponds that are no longer used, puddles, and swamps. Riverfront habitats was only found in Pulau Panjang Village.
Keywords: filariasis, Culex vishnui, potential vector, habitats, Kuantan Singingi
Abstrak. Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi merupakan satu diantara wilayah endemis filariasis di Provinsi Riau. Kegiatan pengobatan massal telah dilakukan, namun hasil TAS-1 tahun 2016 dengan Brugia Rapid Test masih ditemukan 11 anak positif. Kondisi ini menunjukan bahwa masih terjadi penularan baru di Kabupaten Kuantan Sengingi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui spesies nyamuk yang berpotensi menjadi vektor filariasis dan mengetahui jenis-jenis habitat perkembangbiakan potensial bagi larva nyamuk. Pengumpulan data telah dilakukan di Desa Pulau Panjang Cerenti Kecamatan Cerenti dan Desa Sukadamai Kecamatan Singingi Hilir pada bulan September dan November 2017. Penangkapan nyamuk dilakukan selama 12 jam dimulai dari pukul 18.00 -06.00 WIB, menggunakan metode modifikasi human landing collection double net. Penangkapan nyamuk dilakukan sebanyak dua kali, dengan selang waktu satu bulan, pada tiga titik/lokasi selama dua malam berturut-turut. Spesies nyamuk yang tertangkap di dua desa sebanyak 24 spesies. Spesies yang paling dominan di Desa Pulau Panjang yaitu Culex vishnui (54,89%) dengan MHD di luar dan dalam rumah yaitu 4,5 dan 16,08 ekor/orang/jam, sedangkan di Desa Sukadamai yaitu Cx. quinquefasciatus (95,42%) dengan MHD di luar dan dalam rumah yaitu 23,58 dan 19,08 ekor/orang/jam. Hasil pemeriksaan PCR pada nyamuk yang tertangkap di Desa Sukadamai ditemukan DNA mikrofilaria B. malayi pada nyamuk Cx. vishnui sehingga berpotensi menjadi vektor filariasis. Habitat perkembangbiakan yang ditemukan sebagian besar adalah kolam ikan yang sudah tidak digunakan lagi, genangan air, dan rawa. Habitat tepi sungai hanya ditemukan di Desa Pulau Panjang.
Kata Kunci: filariasis, Culex vishnui, vektor potensial, habitat, Kuantan Singingi
37
Ortiz Perea, Natali, and Amanda Callaghan. "Pond dyes are Culex mosquito oviposition attractants." PeerJ 5 (May 31, 2017): e3361. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3361.
Full textAbstract:
Background British mosquito population distribution, abundance, species composition and potential for mosquito disease transmission are intimately linked to the physical environment. The presence of ponds and water storage can significantly increase the density of particular mosquito species in the garden. Culex pipiens is the mosquito most commonly found in UK gardens and a potential vector of West Nile Virus WNV, although the current risk of transmission is low. However any factors that significantly change the distribution and population of C. pipiens are likely to impact subsequent risk of disease transmission. Pond dyes are used to control algal growth and improve aesthetics of still water reflecting surrounding planting. However, it is well documented that females of some species of mosquito prefer to lay eggs in dark water and/or containers of different colours and we predict that dyed ponds will be attractive to Culex mosquitoes. Methods Black pond dye was used in oviposition choice tests using wild-caught gravid C. pipiens. Larvae from wild-caught C. pipiens were also reared in the pond dye to determine whether it had any impact on survival. An emergence trap caught any adults that emerged from the water. Water butts (80 L) were positioned around university glasshouses and woodland and treated with black pond dye or left undyed. Weekly sampling over a six month period through summer and autumn was performed to quantified numbers of larvae and pupae in each treatment and habitat. Results Gravid female Culex mosquitoes preferred to lay eggs in dyed water. This was highly significant in tests conducted under laboratory conditions and in a semi-field choice test. Despite this, survivorship in black dyed water was significantly reduced compared to undyed water. Seasonal analysis of wild larval and pupal numbers in two habitats with and without dye showed no impact of dye but a significant impact of season and habitat. Mosquitoes were more successful, with significantly higher numbers of pupae, in the habitat where they had vegetation cover and shade. Discussion Our study has raised some interesting possibilities; one is that where used, pond dyes may be encouraging mosquitoes to breed in gardens in close proximity to people. Considering the concerns over potential future spread of disease in urban environments, this as well as shading of ponds and water butts, should inform future advice over reducing mosquito breeding and spread.
38
Ruliansyah, Andri, Wawan Ridwan, and Asep Jajang Kusnandar. "Pemetaan Habitat Jentik Nyamuk Di Kecamatan Cibalong, Kabupaten Garut, Provinsi Jawa Barat." Jurnal Vektor Penyakit 13, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/vektorp.v13i2.946.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract
The environment is an important factor in transmitting vector-borne diseases where an environment is a place of interaction between hosts, agents, and vectors. The existence of mosquitoes as a vector of various types of diseases is influenced by the existence of mosquito breeding habitats in an area. The results of mapping can be a guide to finding larva habitat when carrying out vector control. In addition, there is no map of larva habitat in Cibalong Subdistrict, Garut Regency so that mapping of breeding sites and behavior of mosquitoes becomes very important. The purpose of this study was to map the mosquito larval habitats in Cibalong District, Garut regency. Data collection was done by plotting habitats using Global Positioning System (GPS) and larva identifications using a compound microscope. Habitat larvae found in Karangparanje, Karyasari Village and Sakambangan, Mekarwangi Village, dominated by rice fields and water streams. While larvae found were Culex sp, Anopheles sp, Aedes sp, and Malaya sp. This finding confirmed that Cibalong District receptive as a transmitting area of Malaria, DHF, and Filaria, so it is necessary to be aware of the possibility of transmission of vector-borne diseases in those areas.
Abstrak
Lingkungan merupakan faktor penting dalam penularan penyakit tular vektor di mana lingkungan merupakan tempat berinteraksi antara host , agen dan vektor. Keberadaan nyamuk sebagai vektor berbagai macam penyakit dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan habitat perkembangbiakan nyamuk di suatu wilayah. Hasil suatu pemetaan dapat menjadi panduan untuk menemukan habitat jentik pada saat melakukan pengendalian vektor. Selain itu belum adanya suatu peta habitat jentik di Kecamatan Cibalong Kabupaten Garut sehingga pemetaan tempat perkembangbiakan dan perilaku nyamuk menjadi sangat penting. Tujuan kajian ini untuk memetakan habitat jentik nyamuk di Kecamatan Cibalong Kabupaten Garut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membuat titik (plotting) habitat dengan menggunakan Global Positioning System (GPS) dan identifikasi jentik menggunakan mikroskop binokuler. Habitat jentik yang ditemukan di Dusun Karangparanje Desa Karyasari dan Dusun Sakambangan Desa Mekarwangi, didominasi oleh sawah dan aliran sungai. Sedangkan jentik yang ditemukan yaitu Culex sp, Anopheles sp, Aedes sp dan Malaya sp. Hal ini menjadikan Kecamatan Cibalong reseptif sebagai daerah penular malaria, DBD, dan filaria, sehingga perlu diwaspadai kemungkinan terjadinya penularan penyakit tular vektor di wilayah tersebut.
39
Trájer, Attila, Antal Rengei, Kinga Farkas-Iványi, and Ákos Bede-Fazekas. "Impacts of urbanisation level and distance from potential natural mosquito breeding habitats on the abundance of canine dirofilariosis." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 64, no. 3 (September 2016): 340–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.2016.032.
Full textAbstract:
Dirofilariosis is an emerging mosquito-borne veterinary and medical problem in the Northern hemisphere. The ecological investigation of 56 canine dirofilariosis cases in new endemic locations was performed in Szeged, Hungary. The aim was to analyse the influence of the spatial patterns of dog abundance and the potential mosquito breeding habitats on the spatial occurrence patterns of dirofilariosis in the city of Szeged. The limnoecological characterisation was based on the fluvial habitat classification of Amoros of natural water bodies; the built environment was evaluated using the UrbanisationScore urbanisation intensity measuring software. Dirofilaria immitis accounted for 51% and D. repens for 34.3% of the dirofilariosis cases, and in 20% of the cases only the Knott’s test was positive. It was concluded that most of the cases were related to locations with a medium to high urbanisation index, although the proximity of mosquito-bearing waters also played an important role in the observed spatial infection patterns. We found that the distance from potential mosquito habitats and the urbanisation intensity determine the abundance of dirofilariosis in urban environments.
40
Girard, Maxime, Edwige Martin, Laurent Vallon, Vincent Raquin, Christophe Bellet, Yves Rozier, Emmanuel Desouhant, et al. "Microorganisms Associated with Mosquito Oviposition Sites: Implications for Habitat Selection and Insect Life Histories." Microorganisms 9, no. 8 (July 26, 2021): 1589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081589.
Full textAbstract:
Mosquitoes are considered one of the most important threats worldwide due to their ability to vector pathogens. They are responsible for the transmission of major pathogens such as malaria, dengue, zika, or chikungunya. Due to the lack of treatments or prophylaxis against many of the transmitted pathogens and an increasing prevalence of mosquito resistance to insecticides and drugs available, alternative strategies are now being explored. Some of these involve the use of microorganisms as promising agent to limit the fitness of mosquitoes, attract or repel them, and decrease the replication and transmission of pathogenic agents. In recent years, the importance of microorganisms colonizing the habitat of mosquitoes has particularly been investigated since they appeared to play major roles in their development and diseases transmission. In this issue, we will synthesize researches investigating how microorganisms present within water habitats may influence breeding site selection and oviposition strategies of gravid mosquito females. We will also highlight the impact of such microbes on the fate of females’ progeny during their immature stages with a specific focus on egg hatching, development rate, and larvae or pupae survival.
41
Khaitovich, A. B., and M. E. Lukyanova. "THE RISK OF THE SPREAD OF CERTAIN SPECIES OF MOSQUITOES - AEDES GENUS AS TRANSMITTERS OF ZIKA VIRUS IN RUSSIA AND CRIMEA." Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 22, no. 1 (February 15, 2017): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid40951.
Full textAbstract:
The problem of the spread and acclimatization of mosquitos Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus is considered as major/minor vectors of Zika fever (and some other viral fevers) in the temperate climate of the Black Sea coast of Russia and Crimea. The analysis of the spread of the mosquitos in the world with taking into account geographic information system, maps of species habitats were made up; territorial boundaries of habitat were set, as well as biological and ecological characteristics of the different types of mosquito populations, climatic conditions, means of dispersal, conditions of a possible expansion of the regions; the risk of possible penetration of the major/minor species to other areas were assessed, including the Black Sea coast of Russia and Crimea.
42
Yahya, Yahya, R. Irpan Pahlepi, Rahayu Hasti Komariah, Desy Asyati, and Surakhmi Oktavia. "Kepadatan dan Keragaman Spesies Nyamuk di Desa Jagaraga Kecamatan Buana Pemaca dan Desa Sukajaya, Kecamatan Buay Rawan, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan." Jurnal Vektor Penyakit 14, no. 1 (June 2, 2020): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/vektorp.v14i1.1286.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract
The study on mosquito diversity was conducted in Jagaraga Village, Buana Pemaca Subdistrict and Sukajaya Village, Buay Rawan Subdistrict of Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan Regency in 2017. This study aimed to analyze population density of mosquitoes, feeding habits and resting behavior of mosquito, and identify the types of potential /specific breeding habitat of mosquito larvae in OKU Selatan regency. Mosquitoes were collected during the night for 12 hours, started at 06.00 p.m. until 06.00 a.m. by human landing, resting, and cattle landing collection methods. The indoor density of mosquitoes ranged from 0.04-3.96 mosquitoes/person/hour with the highest density of 10,7 on Cx.tritaeniorhyncus. Species of mosquitoes collected in Sukajaya Village were more diverse than in Buana Pemaca Village. There were 12 species and the most dominant species was Cx. tritaeniorhyncus (68.09%), Breeding habitats were identified in rice fields, bricks pit, puddle marsh, and flow of rice fields.
Abstrak
Penelitian tentang keragaman nyamuk telah dilakukan Di Desa Jagaraga Kecamatan Buana Pemaca dan Desa Sukajaya Kecamatan Buay Rawan Kabupaten OKU Selatan pada tahun 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kepadatan populasi nyamuk yang tertangkap, menganalisis kebiasaan mencari makan danperilaku beristirahat masing-masing spesies nyamuk yang tertangkap serta mengetahui jenis-jenis habitat perkembangbiakan potensial bagi larva nyamuk yang ada di Kabupaten OKU Selatan. Penangkapan nyamuk dilakukan selama 12 jam dimulai dari pukul 18.00 WIB malam hingga pukul 06.00 pagi, menggunakan metode human landing collection, resting collection dan penangkapan di sekitar kandang ternak. Spesies nyamuk yang tertangkap 12 spesies dan yang paling dominan yaitu Culex tritaeniorhyncus(68,9%). Kepadatan nyamuk yang menggigit per orang per jam (MHD) di dalam rumah berkisar antara 0,04-3,96 ekor/orang/jam. Kepadatan rata-rata paling tinggi pada nyamuk Cx. tritaeniorhyncus 10,7 ekor. Habitat perkembangbiakan berupa sawah, lubang galian tanah liat untuk batu bata, kobakan, aliran sawah.
43
Thammapalo, Suwich, Sopavadee Moonmek, Pathomporn Prikchoo, and Theerakamol Pengsakul. "The Potential Container Habitats of Chikungunya Vector in Outbreak Area of Southern Thailand." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 37, no. 3 (August 18, 2021): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/20-6965.1.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is primarily transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and is responsible for reemerging disease internationally. Container habitats of immature Aedes mosquitoes are often found around residential areas, thus water-holding container investigation is an important vector control strategy. This study aimed to survey mosquito species in container inhabiting stages and water-holding containers associated with the CHIKV outbreak in urban areas within the 4 villages of Hat Yai district in Songkhla province during 2019. The results indicated that of the 75 houses surveyed, 34 had water-holding containers; 78 out of 438 containers were positive for mosquitoes; and 34 were positive for mosquito stages. The house index (HI), Breteau index (BI), container index (CI), and pupal index (PI) were 46.87, 93.75, 14.92, and 271.88 for case houses, respectively. Specific container index (SCI) showed discarded containers such as bottles, cans, and tires. The findings suggest that Aedes aegypti was predominant in the surveyed urban area and might be the vector responsible for CHIKV transmission in Songkhla province.
44
Alto, Barry W., Ayse Civana, Keenan Wiggins, Bradley Eastmond, and Dongyoung Shin. "Effect of Oral Infection of Mayaro Virus on Fitness Correlates and Expression of Immune Related Genes in Aedes aegypti." Viruses 12, no. 7 (July 2, 2020): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12070719.
Full textAbstract:
Mayaro virus is a mosquito-borne Alphavirus endemic to forests of tropical South America with a sylvatic cycle involving non-human primates and Haemagogus mosquitoes. Human infection with Mayaro virus causes a febrile illness and long-lasting arthralgia and cases are often associated with exposure to tropical forest habitats. Human movement between tropical forest habitats and urban settings may allow for imported cases and subsequent local transmission by domestic mosquito Aedes aegypti. The relative importance of Ae. aegypti as a vector of Mayaro virus may depend on the pathogenic effects of the virus on fitness correlates, especially those entomological parameters that relate to vectorial capacity. We performed mosquito infection studies and compared adult survival and fecundity of females from Brazilian and Floridian populations of Ae. aegypti following oral ingestion of uninfectious (control) and Mayaro virus infectious blood. Mayaro virus infected and refractory mosquitoes had similar or 30–50% lower fecundity than control (unexposed) mosquitoes, suggesting a reproductive cost to mounting an immune response or phenotypic expression of refractoriness. Survival of adult female mosquitoes and targeted gene expression in the Toll and IMD pathways were not altered by Mayaro virus infection. Adult lifespan and fecundity estimates were independent of measured viral titer in the bodies of mosquitoes. The lack of adverse effects of infection status on female survival suggests that Mayaro virus will not alter vectorial capacity mediated by changes in this parameter.
45
Baik, Lisa S., and John R. Carlson. "The mosquito taste system and disease control." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 52 (December 28, 2020): 32848–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013076117.
Full textAbstract:
Mosquitoes are a widely diverse group of organisms, comprising ∼3,500 species that live in an enormous range of habitats. Some species are vectors of diseases that afflict hundreds of millions of people each year. Although understanding of mosquito olfaction has progressed dramatically in recent years, mosquito taste remains greatly understudied. Since taste is essential to feeding, egg laying, and mating decisions in insects, improved understanding of taste in mosquitoes could provide new mechanistic insight into many aspects of their behavior. We provide a guide to current knowledge in the field, and we suggest a wealth of opportunities for research that are now enabled by recent scientific and technological advances. We also propose means by which taste might be exploited in new strategies for mosquito control, which may be urgently needed as the geographical ranges of vector species increase with climate change.
46
Birley, M. H., and Marshall Laird. "The Natural History of Larval Mosquito Habitats." Journal of Animal Ecology 59, no. 3 (October 1990): 1200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/5049.
Full text
47
Alkhayat, Fatima Abdulla, Abu H. Ahmad, Junaid Rahim, Hamady Dieng, Bashir Adam Ismail, Muhammad Imran, Umer Ayyaz Aslam Sheikh, Muhmmad Sohail Shahzad, Allah Ditta Abid, and Kashif Munawar. "Charaterization of mosquito larval habitats in Qatar." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 27, no. 9 (September 2020): 2358–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.07.006.
Full text
48
Kenawy, M. A., S. E. Ammar, and H. A. Abdel-Rahman. "Physico-chemical characteristics of the mosquito breeding water in two urban areas of Cairo Governorate, Egypt." Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 45, no. 3 (December 20, 2013): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jear.2013.e17.
Full textAbstract:
Certain physico-chemical characteristics of mosquito breeding habitats [temperature, pH, salinity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO) and nitrite] were examined relative to the distribution of mosquito larval species in two urban areas of Cairo Governorate namely El- Muqattam (M) and Abu-Seir (A). Mean values and ranges of such characteristics for the reported mosquito species (<em>Culex pipiens</em>, <em>Cx. perexiguus</em>, <em>Ochlerotatus caspius</em>, <em>Cx. pusillus</em> and <em>Culiseta longiareolata</em>) were reported. In conclusion, based on the significant correlations of the different characteristics with the abundance of the two common larval species (<em>Culex pipiens</em> and <em>Cx. perexiguus</em>), salinity and DO may be considered the predictor variables associated with the immature abundance. Considering altogether mosquitoes, there is an increasing presence from planned safe (M) to unplanned unsafe (A) habitats mainly due to turbidity and nitrite.
49
Mangudo, C., J. P. Aparicio, G. C. Rossi, and R. M. Gleiser. "Tree hole mosquito species composition and relative abundances differ between urban and adjacent forest habitats in northwestern Argentina." Bulletin of Entomological Research 108, no. 2 (August 3, 2017): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485317000700.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractWater-holding tree holes are main larval habitats for many pathogen vectors, especially mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Along 3 years, the diversity and composition of mosquito species in tree holes of two neighbouring but completely different environments, a city and its adjacent forest, were compared using generalized linear mixed models, PERMANOVA, SIMPER and species association indexes. The city area (Northwest Argentina) is highly relevant epidemiologically due to the presence of Aedes aegypti L. (main dengue vector) and occurrence of dengue outbreaks; the Yungas rainforests are highly biologically diverse. In total seven mosquito species were recorded, in descending order of abundance: Ae. aegypti, Haemagogus spegazzinii Brèthes, Sabethes purpureus (Theobald), Toxorhynchites guadeloupensis Dyar and Knab, Aedes terrens Walker, Haemagogus leucocelaenus Dyar & Shannon and Sabethes petrocchiae (Shannon and Del Ponte). The seven mosquito species were recorded in both city sites and forested areas; however, their mosquito communities significantly diverged because of marked differences in the frequency and relative abundance of some species: Tx. guadeloupensis and Ae. aegypti were significantly more abundant in forest and urban areas, respectively. Positive significant associations were detected between Ae. aegypti, Hg. spegazzinii and Hg. leucocelaenus. The combined presence of Ae. aegypti, Haemagogus and Sabethes in the area also highlight a potential risk of yellow fever epidemics. Overall results show an impoverished tree hole mosquito fauna in urban environments, reflecting negative effects of urbanization on mosquito diversity.
50
Alarcón-Elbal, Pedro María, María Altagracia Rodríguez-Sosa, Carlos Ruiz-Matuk, Leandro Tapia, Cesar Alberto Arredondo Abreu, Anthony Alexander Fernández González, Rosa Mayra Rodríguez Lauzurique, and Robert Paulino-Ramírez. "Breeding Sites of Synanthropic Mosquitoes in Zika-Affected Areas of the Dominican Republic." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 37, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/20-6953.1.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Mosquito-borne diseases are a major public health concern in the Caribbean. Domestic water-storage containers are preferred breeding habitats for synanthropic mosquito species, among which Aedes aegypti stands out due to its role in arbovirus transmission. To determine the microenvironmental features associated with container-dwelling mosquitoes, a house-to-house cross-sectional entomological survey was carried out in 9 Dominican provinces affected by Zika virus in 2016. All containers with the potential to store water were sampled, all immature mosquitoes were collected, and information on the type, capacity, volume of stored water, building material, presence of flowers, and house location was documented. The specimens were identified and larval indices (House index [HI], Container index [CI], Breteau index [BI], and Ae. aegypti Breeding Percentage) were applied. A total of 665 dwellings were surveyed across 30 neighborhoods. A total of 1,420 water-filled container habitats were sampled, 19.3% of which harbored immature mosquitoes of 5 species, including 4 important vectors. The dominance of Ae. aegypti was marked, as it was present in all sampled neighborhoods, inhabiting 272 containers (19.1%). Larval indices were higher than the threshold values accepted (5% for the HI and BI, and 3% for the CI) in almost all neighborhoods. The presence of Aedes spp. was associated with the serviceability of water-holding containers (χ2 = 16.56522; P < 0.001), and the difference in volume between water-holding containers was associated with the presence of Aedes spp. infection (χ2 = 4; P < 0.001), the containers up to 5 liters being the most infested. This is the first entomological research based on synanthropic mosquito breeding habitats that cover urban areas of the 3 macro-regions of the Dominican Republic.