Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Morvan, Parc naturel régional du (France)'
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Bonnefoy-Claudet, Clément. "Diversité et sensibilité à la température des matières organiques de sols forestiers du Morvan sous contrainte climatique : évolution de la respiration des sols et facteurs de contrôle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04882870.
Full textCurrent climate change and shifts in land use and management are likely to alter the dynamics of soil organic matter decomposition and associated carbon fluxes. Forest ecosystems account for 40 % of the organic carbon stock on continental surfaces and are therefore a priority for research. Locally, the Morvan, a mid-mountain region covered by 45% forest, appears to be more sensitive to climate change than the surrounding plains. In this context, this study focused on the dynamics of organic carbon in temperate forest soils in the face of climate change. This work was mainly carried out on the Mont Beuvray site, a forested massif located in the southern part of the Morvan Regional Natural Park. Soil samples representing the spatial diversity of the massif were taken for each tree species (beech, Douglas fir, silver fir, spruce). The molecular diversity of organic matter was characterised by pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS). The results suggest that organic matter in soils under silver fir is more readily degradable than that in soils under Douglas fir. The temperature sensitivity of soil respiration was assessed by measuring the Q10 parameter, with values ranging from 2.3 to 3.0. A higher value was observed for beech (2.8 ± 0.1) compared to conifers (2.6 ± 0.1). This suggests that with climate change, soils under deciduous species could emit more CO2 than soils under conifers. The observed variability in this Q10 parameter is mainly explained by the interaction between the molecular composition of organic matter and the activity of microorganisms (extracellular enzymatic activities). These results will help to better assess and anticipate changes in the dynamics of organic matter in mid-mountain forest soils
Tardy, Cécile. "La construction patrimoniale d'un territoire : le cas du parc naturel régional Livradois-Forez." Saint-Etienne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STET2064.
Full textTillier, Sylvain. "Gérer durablement la foret méditerranéenne : exemple du parc naturel régional des Alpilles." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653442.
Full textFassion, Franck. "Occupation humaine et interactions sociétés-milieu dans les massifs du Livradois-Forez ( massif central, France) de la fin du second Âge du fer au haut Moyen âge." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30459/30459.pdf.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to identify human occupation and exploitation of the environment of marginal territories in the Livradois-Forez, which include the cities of Arverne, Segusiave, and Vellave, and to investigate the regional integration of these localities from the second Iron Age to the Early Middle Age. This thesis is conducted from a dynamic, diachronic, and systemic perspective, and utilizes a landscape archaeology approach to explore the relations between societies, in particular their economies, and the environment. The research presented crosses archaeology and the environmental sciences in order to increase knowledge of the setting in which these societies evolved and the possible human influences on it, but it also identifies social-economic and cultural processes. The completion of this project required three stages: first, the integration of research and syntheses developed from research programs in which I collaborated; second, the synthesis of the archaeological data; third, the acquisition of new data through archaeological field surveys and through the analysis of plant macrofossils from peatlands. Four sectors that reflect key components of the landscape have been used. As far as possible, research in each sector included archaeological surveys and paleoenvironmental research. Interdisciplinary archaeological, paleoecological, and geoarchaeological studies, combined with GIS, exhibit a heterogenous development that can be seen in two economic cycles: the first, from the Second Iron Age to the High Roman Empire; the second, from the Late Roman Empire to the Early Middle Age. For each economic cycle, human land use and the exploitation of the environment reflect strategies and social-economic choices driven by topography, climate, and available resources (particularly agricultural resources, but also the presence of wood and ore). The proximity of routes of communication reflects important pools of population and the centers of the three cities. Each stage of environmental exploitation is marked by an increase of erosion, peat initiation, and changes in the use of the oldest peatland. Finally, this border area seems to be integrated into the regional economy.
Garayev, Elnur. "Valorisation de la biodiversité du Parc naturel régional du Luberon : étude phytochimique et pharmacologique d'Inula Montana L." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0587/document.
Full textInula montana L. is used in traditional medicine of the Mediterranean region.Phytochemical study led to the isolation and identification of 28 compounds from flowers and leaves of Inula montana L. These compounds belong to the family of terpenes, polyphenols, and inositol derivatives.Six of them are new compounds: one new sesquiterpene acid, called Eldarin and five inositol derivatives.Nineteen compounds are reported for the first time in Inula montana.A quality control monography of flowers from Inula montana was established. Two methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis by UHPLC were developed and validated. The first method concerns the profile of sesquiterpene lactones with the quantification of Costunolide. The second method concerns the polyphenols profile with the quantitative evaluation of three compounds. These two methods of analysis by UHPLC allow to conduct the comparative study of wild and cultivated plant.These methods were also used for the comparative study of plants, subjected to different stress, such as salt and UV-B. The vegetal material obtained by in vitro culture was also analyzed by these methods.The active eco-extracts have been developed through the design of experiments by extraction assisted by microwaves and ultrasounds, using green solvents.The anti-inflammatory activity of different extracts and compounds of Inula montana was evaluated in vitro. The extracts and compounds show important activity. Activity of tinctures from Inula montana are similar to the activity of tinctures from Arnica montana.The phytochemical and pharmacological studies show that Inula montana could be proposed as an alternative to Arnica montana
Blouin-Gourbiliere, Claire. "L'élaboration d'images "paysages" habitantes : un levier participatif d'aménagement du territoire : le cas du Parc naturel régional de la Brenne." Angers, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00873706.
Full textThe "Parc naturel régional de la Brenne" (Regional Natural Park- PNR) was built around a focal point - the ponds and lakes of the Grande Brenne - which gradually became an integral part of its identity. The Brenne pond, with its characteristic sluice gates, reeds and birdlife, thus represents the archetypal landscape ofthe area. This iconic landscape, our perception of which has drastically changed since the 18th century, has now become a source of local pride, both promoted by the Park authorities and sought after by visitors. However, some landscape mutations,which are intimately related to the emergence of new practices, are threatening the Brenne's landscape identity. Moreover, the reexist other, less valued landscapes around the Grande Brenne which have issues of their own. When the time came to redefine the objectives of the Charter(2008), the Park's representatives noticed discrepancies in terms of landscape, territory and identity. They decided to "highlight thePark's landscape disparity" and find a common theme which would help consider the territory as a coherent whole. This action research thesis proposes to approach the problem from a landscape perspective, analyzing individual and collective representations of landscapes and - beyond them - territories. Thanks to participative activities run over 26 months, local people, visitors, elected representatives, Park employees and spatial planning experts were invited to question themselves about the Park's landscapes through the use of photography and to formulate and share their points of view. These activities and landscape mediation efforts have led to the creation of a participative photographic observatory of landscapes - a photographic itinerary which provides the Park with an operational tool for monitoring its landscapes
Hatem, Manar. "Mutation des paysages et évolution de la biodiversité en relation avec le pastoralisme depuis 150 ans : le cas de la réserve naturelle des hauts plateaux du Vercors (Alpes du Nord, France)." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENHA01.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the study of relationships between landscape dynamics and land use changes in mountains of the French Alps. The functioning of the mosaic of forest ecosystems and grazing areas are of major concern for the nature reserve managers. The area which has been created in 1985 and offers a great variety of landscapes and is considered as hotspot for biodiversity. Human activities like grazing and forest harvesting have influence the structure and functioning of the landscapes for thousands of years. The northern part of the reserve is densely covered with forests while the eastern and southern parts consist of a mosaic of clearings, woodlands and pastures. Landspace ecology tools and cadastral survey have been used to follow up the evolution of the landscape over the past two centuries. The management of the area is driven by the fact that the actual major tendency is a closing of the landscape on the whole territory which has an impact on human activities like grazing practices. Because of the multiple actors that are involved in the management of the area, well balanced series of conservation measures are necessary like keeping the heterogeneity by maintaining unmanaged and managed areas. Locally, more intense management operations could be planned. Complementary studies and surveys are also necessary when considering that the area will be included in the network of sites of scientific interest. For the coming years, it will also help decision-making policies
Leborgne, Mathieu. "L'espace d'un oubli : le rôle des mémoires collectives dans la construction du sentiment d'appartenance territoriale : le cas du Parc naturel régional du Verdon." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0017.
Full textThe central assumption put forward that in territorialized identity construction processes, social group memories would have a central role to play. It is why we propose a contribution to a "sociology of signs" as an analysis of what is produced by spatial marking of memory. The regional nature park of Verdon, created in 1997 in the south-east of France, is our field of investigation. After a theoretical approach on the foundations of thought wich link memory and territory, reffering in particular to Maurice Halbwachs works (part1), we will describe the history of both physical and symbolic construction of the Verdon territories (part 2). The role of hydroelectric area, are the two central poles of a specific territorial character where more than memory, it is oblivion wich seems to prevail. How consequently, can the regional nature park of Verdon appear as territory in this area with differentiated links with past (part 3) ? The appeal to nature seems to be a possible referent of local identity
Angelibert, Sandrine. "Etude des mares du Parc naturel régional des Causses du Quercy : fonctionnement, biodiversité et connectivité inter-mares, propositions pour l' entretien et la sauvegarde." Toulouse 3, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00259814.
Full textThe retro-arc foreland basin of the Central Andes is considered as a type-example of a foreland basin system (Horton & DeCelles, 1997). Three regions have been studied : the North Amazonian basin (3-8ʿS), the South Amazonian basin (11-12ʿS) and the south-eastern Bolivian basin (19-20ʿS). The foreland basin system of the Central Andes constitutes a favoured area where studies of the deformation and sedimentary fill can be coupled. This study enabled us to arrive at a clearer understanding of the longitudinal and latitudinal structural/sedimentary evolutions and of the tectono-sedimentary dynamics of the basin and adjacent orogen, and to a sequential restoration of the basins at key-periods in the evolution of the range from the Eocene to present-day. During the early and middle Eocene, the Western Cordillera of northern Peru between 3 and 8ʿS experienced large uplift and erosion. This event is interpreted as a stage of tectonic quiescence and erosional unloading. To the south of 11ʿS, no such event is recorded in the sedimentary fill and the sedimentary arrangement indicates the development of a flexural basin related to orogenic loading. Because the North Amazonian foreland basin system is situated at the junction between the Central Andes and the Northern Andes, this change in the geodynamic process can be ascribed to the interference with the Northern Andes. .
Breitenbach, Pascal. "L'Evolution d'un territoire de montagne : étude géographique et paysagère : la cas de la haute vallée du Guil (Parc Naturel Régional du Queyras, Hautes-Alpes)." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE19024.
Full textFirst part : study of visual and geographical components of landscapes, along a sequence of a journey which opens on the placement in a prominent position the organizational and functional logics of space. Second part : out lining the logics of evolution of landscapes from the demographic maximum of the beginning of the nineteenth century. We study : the changes of the agro-sylvo-pastoral system, the evolution of the soil occupation, the recolonization of the forest and the meadows dynamic. Third part : research of visual indicators of landscape evolution and elaboration of constrasting scenarii of socio-economic evolution whose landscape consequences are discussed
Buluku, Ekwakwa Nsie-Ley Emvan. "Influence de l'agriculture sur la qualité des eaux souterraines : cas des nappes phréatiques du Parc naturel régional du Lubéron (Vaucluse, France)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX11017.
Full textPouliquen, Caroline. "Le développement du tourisme dans les espaces de nature protégés français et européens : les cas du Parc National du Lake District (Royaume-Uni), de l’Espace Naturel de Doñana (Espagne) et du Parc Naturel Régional du Verdon (France)." Thesis, Angers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ANGE0020.
Full textDuring the 19 th century, the first protected areas in the Western world were created and had two missions to fulfil : environmental protection and promoting opportunities for enjoyment in order to welcome tourists. Since 1970 newly created protected areas have followed this double goal. The first 'Parc Naturel Régional' we studied from 2006 to 2008 had such goals but the relationship between the environmental protection goal and the tourism development goal was very tense. Tourists were seen as a threat, and managers had rather focusing on environmental protection. This thesis deals with three protected areas : the Lake District National Park (UK), the 'Espacio Natural de Doñana' (Spain) and the 'Parc Naturel Régional du Verdon' (France). What is at stake is the discovery of whether or not the tension is real between environmental protection and tourism in these areas. We aim at understanding in what way this tension can be felt and the reasons why these areas experience this tension (or not). After a content analysis showing that words used by managers were quite severe about tourists, we study the way the area is spatially ordered ,the relationships between actors, and statistics in tourism, revealing a total breaking off between the protected area, managers and tourists, whose practices are not understood nor accepted. The study of cultural and historical factors that can explain this tension shows a strong influence of the history of tourism,artistic heritage, political and economical history on the way nature is defined and the way tourism is accepted in each area
Gerbaud, Eric. "Dynamique des communautés végétales en écosystèmes perturbés : le cas des espèces adventices des cultures extensives du Parc naturel régional du Luberon (Sud-Est de la France)." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX11010.
Full textPernet, Alexis. "Le grand paysage en projet : entre trajectoires institutionnelles et territoires vécus : l'expérience de l'atelier des paysages en vallée de l'Ance (Parc naturel régional Livradois-Forez, Auvergne, France." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010587.
Full textLucas, Rosemarie. "Parcs naturels régionaux et écomusées en France, un demi-siècle d’histoire commune : l’expérience du parc d’Armorique (1957-1997)." Rennes 2, 2010. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/TheseLucas.pdf.
Full textFrom the start, French regional natural parks have contributed in an innovative and major way to museology by setting up and developping the concept of ecomuseums. The latter experienced a major development in the 1970s, before spreading to other contexts and other countries. The regional natural park of Armorique celebrated its 40th birthday in 2010. A survey of its origins and its history, taking into account the social, political and cultural context, allows us today to throw light on the main creation and development phases of the concepts of a regional natural park and of an ecomuseum. This analysis is chronologically structured around three important moments in the institutional history of the park. This history also relates to the interest taken in environmental issues by museology. The creation of natural parks and of ecomuseums was based on an interest and an approach in which ecology was as important as planning and ethnology. The park set up a museographical tool reflecting its image, thus demonstrating how the concept of heritage had evolved. This turned out to be a difficult experiment and did not result in the finalization of an ecomuseum project. Nevertheless it has contributed to conceiving heritage as a dynamic development tool, and to making it a topical issue. The goal of this research is to contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of museology, by gathering the information which sheds light on the genesis of the ecomuseum system
Carnoye, Leslie. "Les services écosystémiques : de nouveaux outils de justification au service de la critique écologiste ? Une analyse conventionnaliste à partir du Parc Naturel Régional Scarpe-Escaut (France)." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL12018.
Full textThe paradox of "ecosystem services" is that they tend to become today a dominant approach to conservation and biodiversity protection, while remaining at the same time very controversial, especially in the field of Ecological Economics. The thesis aims at questioning the transformative potential of the ecosystem services approach, regarding the institutional dynamics governing the relations between conservation and development. This research is built on a precise case study: the Scarpe-Escaut Regional Natural Park, in the north of France. In the park, we carried out a participative observation experience within an ecosystem services valuation project; we conducted semi-structured interviews and studied the park’s management documents using a text-based data analysis software (Prospéro). The theoretical perspective developed is conventionalist. This thesis points out that ecologism shouldn’t be modelled as an ideal "order of worth", but rather as a critique of capitalism, following Boltanski & Chiapello (1999). We show that the main contemporary forms of ecologist criticisms are degrowth, sustainable development and green growth, each of them relying on different forms of compromises between several "orders of worth". Our analysis leads us to think that the role of ecosystem services, as justification tools for the Scarpe-Escaut Park can be relativised. What gives meaning to the park’s conservation and development project is indeed the mobilisation of a domestic "order of worth", while the normative basis of ecosystem services appears to be related to the merchant and per-projects “orders of worth”. This makes of ecosystem services an important part of the green growth ecological criticism, the latter being poorly subversive towards connexionist capitalism
Parra, Constanza. "The governance of ecotourism as a socially innovative force for paving the way for more sustainable paths : the Morvan regional park case." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL12003/document.
Full textThis is a thesis about the search for a deeper understanding of the changing and complex interactions between society and nature. The overall goal was to elucidate more fully the character of the socio-institutional arrangements underpinning a transition towards the construction of more sustainable societies. This problematic was addressed theoretically, by building bridges between the concepts of sustainable development, governance and ecotourism, and empirically through a privileged case study in the Parc Naturel Régional du Morvan. The main objective was to examine the meaning and role of governance in sustainable development via the examination of ecotourism in protected areas. The conceptual approach draws on economic sociology, institutionalism and spatial development theory, and underlines the need to foster post-disciplinary research. The results of this research reveal the rhizoidal power of ecotourism as a socially embedded innovative force enabling the fabrication of more sustainable territorial paths. The Morvan case shows how the contemporary growing interest for ecotourism has produced new multi-scalar spaces of negotiation between the state, the private sector and civil society agents. The processes that have led to the emergence of what might be called a ‘new ecotourism empowering locus’, while advocating for sustainable ecotourism contest ongoing unsustainable governance dynamics. These processes have shown an infinite empowering capacity to produce collective learning, post-normal knowledge and new socio-institutional reconfigurations to foster sustainability and to contest unsustainable forms of territorial production, consumption and state regulation
Bobe, Steven. "Le modèle de développement économique local des parcs naturels régionaux : l'exemple des parcs naturels régionaux d'Armorique et des marais du Cotentin et du Bessin." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20041.
Full textThe transformation of the countryside calls for new models in local development which we enhance by using the expression Parc naturel régional. After exploring the characteristics we will suggest they be defined as " amenital districts ". One surveys were taken out in the PNR of Armorique and Marais du Cotentin et du Bessin. We recorded the dynamics and the shape and aspects which were specific to the PNR's model of development. Although the number of firms involved in this type of development is minimal, their cognitive impact is substantial. Our geographical analysis has also allowed us to identify a spatial model which is specific to PNR, relying on the difference between " fundamental area "," secondary area ". Thus we can speak about reasoned cohabitation rather than conciliation between economic activities and the protection of nature. Thanks to this model, we will explain the major stakes which having a view on the countryside entail, we will suggest the visual access concept
Tanneau, Coralie. "Pouvoir et influence des parcs naturels régionaux en matière d'habitat : l'exemple du Parc d'Armorique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0018.
Full textThrough the case of Armorique regional natural park, this thesis offers a critical analysis of the link between the RNPs and the habitat, by highlighting the territorial and political boosters and restraints on the joint parks associations involvement in this field. After a conceptual clarification on the notion of habitat and the presentation of the territories and the settlement patterns in Armorique Park, the study questions the political ambitions regarding it and the reasons which lead to their fulfilments. Confronted with a cultural environment marked by the rurality and structural difficulties influencing their orientations, parks are also obliged by the French institutional context and the territories organization on the one they operate. An historic journey about the involvement of these structures on the habitat, with Armorique Park as a case study, shows us that they are dependent on changing national orientations, but they persist in keeping a leading role in the organization of the rural territories. Furthermore, they reveal themselves as excellent models of acculturation, carrying values and projects moving towards the idea of quality process, preservation and a living together concept in a countyside often overlooked by the institutions.
Allié, Louis. "La gestion de l'espace dans des Parcs naturels régionaux sous pressions touristique et urbaine ou comment les acteurs bricolent du développement et de la préservation dans les massifs de Chartreuse et du Vercors ?" Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00116708.
Full textThe French Natural Regional Parks of Chartreuse and Vercors constitute the central research subject of this thesis. We seek to understand how local actors bricolent (a French word that means 'tinkering') social and economic development and also contribute to protecting the cultural and natural heritage in areas under urban and tourism pressures. The theoretical framework is inspired trom the work of C. Lévi-Strauss. According to this anthropologist, ail individuals live in an instrumental world, which is closed by definition. Local Master Plans, Natural Regional Parks, Metropolitan Master Plans (specifically called Schémas de cohérence territoriale in France) and State Contracts are considered as planning and management tools with which local actors can attain their objectives of developing localities and protecting cultural and natural heritage. With these tools, actor-tinkerer have the opportunities for producing original sorts of spatial forms in mountainous areas under tourism and urban pressures. Empirical evidenceshows that 'mounturbanisation' is the consequence of decisions and actions engaged in at the locallevel. The methodology is based on personals interviews and observations in public meetings made between 2000 and 2002 with key actors in the Chartreuse and Vercors mountain ranges. Moreover, local, regional and nationalliterature was analysed in order to iIIustrate actors' discourses conceming their perceptions of and reactions to spatial transformations. Spatial analyses are carried out using a geographical information system, statistical data and iconographie documents to explain what the consequences of the management and planning decisions have been
Teyssedre, Rémy. "La pratique du design au service du territoire, conception de démarches et d’outils de médiations paysagères : Une recherche en immersion dans le parc naturel régional de l’Aubrac." Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CYUN1244.
Full textThis “project-based PhD” focuses on the approaches and tools of landscape mediation. The use and development of participation practices in landscape projects started in the 1960s. The French Landscape law, established in 1993, and the Council of Europe Landscape Convention in 2000 imposed the involvement of populations in development projects. This practice developed by landscape architects and researchers seeks the confrontation of inhabitants with the project through different situations. This method and tool are based on dialogue with the inhabitants and other actors of the territory: meeting, socializing, discussion between social groups, exchanges with decision-makers and professionals… The landscape mediation demands to understand the people's expectations and needs. The spatial, economic, climatic and landscapes transformations issues can be discussed. However, such approaches are poorly developed for public landscape and town planning policies. Local institutions perceive these approaches as an obstacle or a complication. This new method of project disrupts the habits, the regular process of public policy making. It requires specific knowledge and skills. The situations observed during my fieldwork: the Aubrac Natural Regional Park, a local institution with a team of technicians. In this territory, after an inventory of project situations, I investigated two themes: the structuration of a town-center development program and the “bandes boisées” (wooden patches) which are resinous tree-filled hedges specific to Aubrac.The first part of the work consisted in creating tools and mediation processes that would be tested during the field work. The territorial design and service design were user-centered methods chosen to build the tools. I was immersed in the territory, with the technical team, in the field, to create and test the tools and observe the effects and professional postures they create.This gave me the opportunity to observe how the technicians, the representatives and all the social actors appropriate and use the tools. This second part of the work aimed to identify the obstacles to their implementation. I observed how the tools took place in local development projects and Aubrac Natural Regional Park projects, how they transformed the project process and the relationships between agents, representatives and inhabitants. Finally, the objective is to model the tools to transmit them to other institutions and facilitate the use of tools by PNR agents
Vuillod, Patricia. "Paysage visible et aménagement : modélisations cartographiques et test sur le Haut-Jura." Besançon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BESA1016.
Full textBouillon-Launay, Emmanuelle. "Intérêts des indicateurs hydropédologiques dans la gestion raisonnée des zones humides : application aux marais du cotentin." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN1365.
Full textPalisse, Marianne. "Les Bauges entre projets institutionnels et dynamiques locales : patrimoines, territoires et nouveaux lieux du politique." Lyon 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2006/palisse_m.
Full textBased on fieldwork in the mountainous region of Bauges, in the Savoie, and more precisely in the Canton of Chatelard, this thesis introduces an approach to research that explores relationships to time and space, and how members of a contemporary rural community create a sense of social community. Once nearly deserted, the locality is now experiencing a revitalization due to immigration. Groups from diverse origins are living alongside one another, and, though remaining linked to networks that extend beyond the locality, they are attempting to build a community. At the same time, in projects depicting the patrimonial heritage of the area, institutions, including a regional natural Park, convey an image of the community as based on a model of federation. While these representations have been popular with tourists, the local population contests them, citing that they do not recognize themselves in these images. In contrast with the history valorized by the images of patrimonial history, which convey a territorial continuity and tend to position members of the community as spectators of a reality upon which they have little influence, the inhabitants have recourse to a memory in which they describe themselves as actively forging community. Far from copying a model available from cities, the locality is attempting to produce a community founded on experimentation, creating new modes of public space that permit members to engage directly in political life, without any intermediaries
Tanneau, Coralie. "Pouvoir et influence des parcs naturels régionaux en matière d'habitat : l'exemple du Parc d'Armorique." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0018/document.
Full textThrough the case of Armorique regional natural park, this thesis offers a critical analysis of the link between the RNPs and the habitat, by highlighting the territorial and political boosters and restraints on the joint parks associations involvement in this field. After a conceptual clarification on the notion of habitat and the presentation of the territories and the settlement patterns in Armorique Park, the study questions the political ambitions regarding it and the reasons which lead to their fulfilments. Confronted with a cultural environment marked by the rurality and structural difficulties influencing their orientations, parks are also obliged by the French institutional context and the territories organization on the one they operate. An historic journey about the involvement of these structures on the habitat, with Armorique Park as a case study, shows us that they are dependent on changing national orientations, but they persist in keeping a leading role in the organization of the rural territories. Furthermore, they reveal themselves as excellent models of acculturation, carrying values and projects moving towards the idea of quality process, preservation and a living together concept in a countyside often overlooked by the institutions.
Bombenger, Pierre-Henri. "L'urbanisme en campagne : pratiques de planification des sols et d'aide à la décision dans des communes rurales françaises." Thèse, Tours, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4492/1/D2275.pdf.
Full textMorère, Lucie. "La participation institutionnalisée dans les espaces protégés habités. Quelles contributions à l'éco-acteurisation des participants et au développement territorial ? : Regards croisés sur 6 initiatives de développement du Parc naturel régional Scarpe-Escaut (France) et de la Mosaïque d’aires protégées Sertão Veredas-Peruaçu (Brésil)." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10043/document.
Full textManagers of Inhabited Protected Areas (IPA) promote participatory development initiatives in order to protect natural and cultural heritages. This research investigates if the institutionalized participation favors the transformation of the participants into eco-actors authors of bottom-up initiatives (the eco-actorisation), and supports the territorial development. Our qualitative survey focused on a cross-sectional analysis of six cases of local development initiatives from two IPAs. It seeks to highlight some favorable outcomes and to stir some debates. The participation of both local stakeholders and inhabitants in the creation and the management of these IPAs is unanimously encouraged by the international framework, the public policies and the IPAs managers themselves. Implementation reveals very contrasting and imperfect situations. Whether in terms of community and institutional engagement, participatory tools and methods or power dynamics: progress remains to be made. Yet, these initiatives - which would probably not exist without these institutional incentives - attempt to activate and specify natural and / or cultural resources. Eco-actorization is rarely "accomplished" but often partially observed. While six these initiatives do not exactly correspond to the concept of territorial development, they nonetheless contribute to creating a favorable soil for this development’ process, and a certain better-being for stakeholders involved. One of the scenarios to be considered would be to transform the EPH into eco-actors incubators, and their managers into partners of bottom-up initiatives
Gestores de espaços protegidos habitados (EPH) impulsionam iniciativas participativas de desenvolvimento ambicionando a proteção dos patrimônios naturais e culturais. Esta pesquisa verifica se a participação institucionalizada promove a transformação dos participantes em eco-atores autores de iniciativas ascendentes (eco-atorização) e alimenta o desenvolvimento territorial. Nossa investigação qualitativa abrangeu uma análise cruzada de seis iniciativas de desenvolvimento local em dois EPH. Ela destaca o funcionamento delas e alimenta alguns debates. A participação dos atores locais e moradores na criação e gestão de EPH é incentivada por unanimidade pelo quadro internacional, as políticas públicas e os gestores de EPH. A implementação revela situações muito contrastantes e imperfeitas. Margens de progresso permanecem, sejam em termos de quantidade, diversidade e representatividade dos atores implicados, de animação dos dispositivos participativos ou da divisão de poderes. No entanto, essas iniciativas - que provavelmente não existiriam sem esses incentivos institucionais - tentam ativar e especificar recursos naturais e / ou culturais. A eco-atorização é raramente "cumprida", mas muitas vezes parcialmente observada. Se essas iniciativas não correspondem exatamente ao conceito de desenvolvimento territorial, elas ajudam a criar um "terreno" favorável a esse processo de desenvolvimento, e geram um certo melhor-estar para as partes interessadasUm cenário a considerar seria a de transformar os EPH em incubadoras aos eco-atores, e os gerentes em parceiros das iniciativas ascendentes
Le, Ster Amélie. "Les Réserves de Biosphère (RB) et leurs contributions à la conservation de la nature et au développement territorial durable. Regards croisés à partir de la RB Yungas en Argentine, de la RB de la Mata Atlântica au Brésil et de la RB Luberon-Lure en France." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10232.
Full textBiosphere Reserves (BRs) are specifically protected areas. Those areas are defined by the UNESCO. BRs aim at reconciling environmental concern with human activities, while promoting a sustainable territorial development. They associate protected and non-protected places. The BR model also spread in more than 120 countries. The BRs are focused on a couple of principles, including participation, dialogue, collaboration and social apprenticeship of varied public and private players. But BRs are not uniform models. Studying three BRs from Argentina (Yungas), Brazil (Mata Atlântica) and France (Luberon-Lure) revealed field differences and also varied ways of organization and action at a local scale. Our study is based on in-depth field experience, interviews with local authorities, corporate people as well as local people, and analyze of technical and official documentation. The three examples of BRs show how diverse actions can be implemented to preserve nature. But the involvement of local population proved to be quite irregular. BRs don’t really prove to be clearly defined executive authorities leading tangible actions. Instead BRs mostly reveal as often ill-formalized places of dialogue. But the coordination of varied players, including some being external to the BR, makes it possible to drive collective actions. Those actions help to develop the territory. Our study highlights contributions, good practice, but also limits about the implementation of BR. Beyond their mission of nature protection, the contribution of the BRs to a sustainable territorial development policy would deserve to be expanded and reinforced
Desveaux, Gentiane. "Démarches paysagères participatives : hybrider les logiques paysagères et territoriales pour appuyer la territorialisation : une enquête pragmatique sur les transformations institutionnelles et sociales dans les Parcs Naturels Régionaux de Rhône-Alpes." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAH012.
Full textThis thesis deals with landscape innovation within and by the Regional Natural Parks in the Rhône-Alpes region (France). Landscape is captured as a materiality under construction negotiated along interaction processes between individuals engaged in distinct action logics. The research underlines how Regional Natural Parks’ staff invent imaginative ways to hybridize two of these action regimes (a territorial logic and a landscape one) using participatory landscape procedures. This dynamic tends to favor the territorial anchorage of the new groupings of municipalities. The originality of the thesis emerges from the adopted pragmatic posture: participatory landscape procedures are analyzed along with their own experimentation. They take on the form of an inquiry as defined by Jown Dewey, transforming worlds as well as investigators at the same time
Richard, Elsa. "L'action publique territoriale à l'épreuve de l'adaptation aux changements climatiques : un nouveau référentiel pour penser l'aménagement du territoire ?" Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR1802/document.
Full textThe revelation of anthropogenic climate changes and the unprecedented scale of this phenomenon led to the emergence of policy responses to deal with. Adaptation to Climate Change (ACC) is one of the responses promoted by the international community to solve the climate problem. If the anthropic climate changes are a global environmental problem, their effects occur from the overall scale to the very local level. In spite of irreducible uncertainties associated to the phenomenon, different forms of legislative and political injunction encourage local actors to incorporate the effects of climate changes in their territorial policies. However, the ways of elaborating local adaptation policy are still largely unknown. This thesis seeks to understand and point out the “territorialization” dynamics of local public action in the field of adaptation.Our two hypothesis deals with, on the one hand, the necessary regionalization of climate change adaptation, leading to differentiated formulations of local responses to adaptation. On the other hand, our research seeks to appreciate the consequences of the integration of climate change adaptation on ways of thinking planning policies. To demonstration these assumptions, we base our analysis on four case studies led at various scales and presenting different characteristics
Thibal, Suzanne. "Développement local et Culture Occitane." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00699758.
Full textMartin, Jean-Philippe. "Intégration du patrimoine géologique à la stratégie de développement local du Parc Naturel Régional du Massif des Bauges (France)." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3934/1/M11906.pdf.
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