Journal articles on the topic 'Mortier – Additifs'
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1
Castillo, Percy, Julián Salas, M. Isabel Sánchez de Rojas, and Janer Veras. "Empleo de cenizas de cáscara de arroz como adiciones en morteros." Materiales de Construcción 36, no. 203 (September 30, 1986): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.1986.v36.i203.888.
2
ŞİMŞEK, Nimet, and İsmail KILIÇ. "POLİPROPİLEN ELYAF KATKILI HORASAN HARCININ ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMAS." Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences 8, no. 19 (December 26, 2021): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.38065/euroasiaorg.911.
Abstract:
Bu çalışma, tarihi eserlerde sıkça kullanılan horasan harcı üzerinde yapılmıştır. Horasan harcı üretiminde katkı olarak polipropilen elyaf kullanılmıştır. Harç karışımı, doğal hidrolik kireç, tuğla kırığı, standart kum, polipropilen elyaf ve su ile oluşturulmuştur. Karışımlarda, 0-2mm ve 0-4mm olmak üzere iki farklı boyutta tuğla kırığı kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, polipropilen elyaf harçlara %0,2, %0,4, %0,6, %0,8 ve %1 oranlarında katılmış ve değişen katkı oranlarının, harçların özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Harç kalıbı kullanılarak, 40mmx40mmx160mm boyutlarında prizmatik horasan harcı örnekleri üretilmiştir. Üretilen, taze horasan harçları üzerinde yayılma deneyi, 28 ve 90 günlük prizmatik harç örnekleri üzerinde ise birim hacim ağırlık, su emme, ultrases geçiş süresi, eğilme dayanımı ve basınç dayanımı deneyleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre en yüksek dayanım değerlerine, 0-4mm boyutunda tuğla kırığı ile birlikte, %0,6 oranında polipropilen elyaf kullanılmasıyla ulaşılmıştır. Horasan harcı karışımında, 0-2mm boyutunda tuğla kırığı kullanılması durumunda ise %0,8 oranında polipropilen elyaf kullanılması gerektiği belirlenmiştir.
3
Silva, Diogo FM, Ivo MF Bragança, Carlos MA Silva, Luis M. Alves, and Paulo AF Martins. "Joining by forming of additive manufactured ‘mortise-and-tenon’ joints." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 233, no. 1 (July 27, 2017): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405417720954.
Abstract:
This article is aimed at extending the ‘mortise-and-tenon’ joining concept commonly utilized in corner or tee joints to lap joints in which one sheet is partially placed over another without any change in their shape. The approach makes use of wire arc additive manufacturing to fabricate the tenons and allows various shapes and thicknesses to be made from a wide range of metallic materials. Upset compression of the tenons is utilized to mechanically lock the two sheets being joined. Experimental and finite element simulation works performed with monolithic (aluminium–aluminium) and hybrid (aluminium–polymer) ‘unit cells’ consisting of a single lap joint are utilized to investigate the deformation mechanics and the feasibility of the new proposed joining process. Tensile-shear loading tests were carried out to determine the maximum force that the new proposed joints are capable to withstand without failure. Pull-out forces of approximately 8 and 6 kN for the monolithic and hybrid joints allow concluding on the potential of additive manufactured ‘mortise-and-tenon’ lap joints to connect sheets made from similar and dissimilar materials.
4
Lawrence, Philippe, and Erick Ringot. "Prise en compte des additions minérales dans le calcul des résistances de mortiers." Revue Française de Génie Civil 4, no. 4 (January 2000): 525–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12795119.2000.9692285.
5
LaMothe, Jeremy M., Josh R. Baxter, Sydney C. Karnovsky, Conor I. Murphy, Susannah Gilbert, and Mark C. Drakos. "Syndesmotic Injury Assessment With Lateral Imaging During Stress Testing in a Cadaveric Model." Foot & Ankle International 39, no. 4 (December 21, 2017): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100717745660.
Abstract:
Background: External rotation, lateral, and sagittal stress tests are commonly used to diagnose syndesmotic injuries, but their efficacy remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterize applied stresses with fibular motion throughout the syndesmotic injury spectrum. We hypothesized that sagittal fibular motion would have greater fidelity in detecting changes in syndesmotic status compared to mortise imaging. Methods: Syndesmotic instability was characterized using motion analysis during external rotation, lateral, and sagittal stress tests on cadaveric specimens (n = 9). A progressive syndesmotic injury was created by sectioning the tibiofibular and deltoid ligaments. Applied loads and fibular motion were synchronously measured using a force transducer and motion capture, respectively, while mortise and lateral radiographs were acquired to quantify clinical measurements. Fibular motion in response to these 3 stress tests was compared between the intact, complete lateral syndesmotic injury and lateral injury plus a completely sectioned deltoid condition. Results: Stress tests performed under lateral imaging detected syndesmotic injuries with greater sensitivity than the clinical-standard mortise view. Lateral imaging was twice as sensitive to applied loads as mortise view imaging. Specifically, half as much linear force generated 2 mm of detectable syndesmotic motion. In addition, fibular motion increased linearly in response to sagittal stresses (Pearson’s r [ρ] = 0.91 ± 0.1) but not lateral stresses (ρ = 0.29 ± 0.66). Conclusion: Stress tests using lateral imaging detected syndesmotic injuries with greater sensitivity than a typical mortise view. In addition to greater diagnostic sensitivity, reduced loads were required to detect injuries. Clinical Relevance: Syndesmotic injuries may be better diagnosed using stress tests that are assessed using lateral imaging than standard mortise view imaging.
6
Zong, Guanggong, Jinjiang Zhou, Mengyan Zhang, Yanqiu Ma, Yang Zhao, Xiaoyan He, Jianxiu Hao, and Fangfang Wang. "Effect of Mortise and Tenon Structure on the Properties of Wood Flour Polyvinyl Chloride-Laminated Veneer Lumber Co-Extruded Composites." Polymers 15, no. 9 (April 30, 2023): 2151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15092151.
Abstract:
Core–shell composites with strong weather resistance, mechanical strength and creep resistance can be prepared using co-extrusion technology. Considering the weak bonding strength between core–shell interfaces, this study started from the concept of a mortise and tenon combination; three types of conical, rectangular and trapezoidal mortise and tenon joints were prepared, and their bending properties, long-term creep properties, interfacial bonding properties, and dimensional stability properties were tested. Results showed that the mortise and tenon structure could form a mechanical interlock between the outer-shell-layer polyvinyl chloride (PVC) wood–plastic composite (WPVC) and the inner-core-layer laminated veneer lumber (LVL), which could effectively improve the interface bonding property between the two layers. Among them, the trapezoidal mortise and tenon structure had the largest interface bonding force compared with the tapered and rectangular mortise and tenon structure, where the interface bonding strength reached 1.01 MPa. Excellent interface bonding can effectively transfer and disperse stress, so the trapezoidal mortise and tenon structure had the best bending properties and creep resistance, with a bending strength of 59.54 MPa and a bending modulus of 5.56 GPa. In the long-term creep test, the deformation was also the smallest at about 0.2%, and its bending properties, creep resistance and interface bonding performance were also the best. The bending strength was 59.54 MPa and the bending modulus was 5.56 GPa; in the long-term creep test, the strain curve was the lowest, about 0.2%. In addition, the mortise and tenon structure could disperse the stress of the inner shell LVL after water absorption and expansion, thus significantly improving the dimensional stability of the co-extruded composite after water absorption.
7
Belmahi, Samir, Mohammed Zidour, and Tayeb Bensatllah. "Mechanical behavior of mortars composed of a mixture of cement and lime stone filler." Lebanese Science Journal 19, no. 1 (April 27, 2018): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.22453/lsj-019.1.095-104.
Abstract:
This work consists in studying the mechanical behavior of mortars composed of a mixture of cement and fire-clay. The limestone filler is used as an additive in this mixture. The main idea wasto compare this mortar with an ordinary mortar,made with a normal sand, thus,to know the limit of their use in construction.The results showed and confirmed that fire-clay mortar, cannot give better resistances than a normal sand mortar. The second idea wasto introduce the limestone filler manufactured by ENG Tlemcen (Algeria) as an addition. Theproposed percentages varied from 5% to 30% of the cement mass. The resultsobtained showed that the substitution of a part of cement by the limestone filler helps to improve the mechanicals resistances of mortars and that the best fraction of limestone filler wasfixed at 10%.
8
Yang, Deshan, Ming Xu, and Zhongfan Chen. "Experimental study on the reinforcement methods and lateral resistance of mortise-tenon jointed traditional timber frames." BioResources 16, no. 2 (April 20, 2021): 4039–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.2.4039-4051.
Abstract:
In order to study the lateral resistance of reinforced traditional Chinese timber frames with mortise-tenon connections, three cyclic tests were conducted on one-bay mortise-tenon jointed traditional timber frames. Three reinforcement methods, i.e., steel angle strengthening, wood brace, and Timu, were studied. Seismic performances were evaluated according to the experimental phenomena and the test results. The failure mode, hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, curves of stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation capacity of the three specimens were analyzed based on the tests. The test results showed that the wood frames had good deformability. The stiffness degradation of the timber frame was severe at the initial loading stage; however, the degradation rate tended to decrease after the initial stage. In addition, the energy dissipation increased as the lateral displacement increased. The wooden frames with mortise tenon joints strengthened by steel angle, wood brace, and Timu can achieve good aseismic results. The study can provide a theoretical basis for seismic design and reinforcing methods of traditional timber structures.
9
Bessa, Anissa, Jean-Philippe Bigas, and Jean-Louis Gallias. "Méthode d'évaluation de l'effet des additions minérales sur le besoin en eau et l'adjuvantation des mortiers." Revue Française de Génie Civil 8, no. 2-3 (February 2004): 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12795119.2004.9692602.
10
Suh, Jae Wan, Sunghyun Kim, and Hyun-woo Park. "Clinical Significance of Lateral Ankle Radiograph after the Reduction of a Syndesmosis Injury." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 2473011418S0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011418s00470.
Abstract:
Category: Trauma Introduction/Purpose: To introduce reliable and newly developed radiographic measures based on a lateral ankle radiograph to assess a syndesmotic reduction after screw fixation and to compare with the radiographic measures based on the anteroposterior (AP) and mortise radiographs. Methods: The postoperative ankle radiographs of 34 ankle fracture cases after screw fixation for concurrent syndesmosis injury were reviewed. Two radiographic parameters were measured on each AP and mortise radiograph; tibiofibular clear space (TFCS) and tibiofibular overlap (TFO). Five radiographic parameters were measured on the true lateral radiographs; the anteroposterior tibiofibular (APTF) ratio, anterior tibiofibular ratio (ATFR), posterior tibiofibular ratio (PTFR), distances of intersection of the anterior fibular border and the tibial plafond to anterior cortex of the tibia (AA’), and the intersection of posterior fibular border and tibial plafond to the tip of the posterior malleolus (BB’). In addition, the distance (XP) between the fibular posterior margin (X) crossing tibial plafond or the posterior malleolus and posterior articular margin (P) of the tibial plafond was measured on the lateral view. Results: Using TFCS and TFO in the AP and mortise radiographs, malreductions of syndesmosis were estimated in 17 of 34 cases (50.0%). Using the introduced and developed radiographic measures in the lateral radiographs, syndesmotic malreductions were estimated in 16 out of 34 cases (47.1%). Seventeen cases (50.0%) showed no evidence of postoperative diastasis using the radiographic criteria on the AP and mortise view, 10 cases (58.8%) of whom showed evidence of a malreduction on the lateral radiograph. The newly developed measurements, XP, were measured 0 in 11 out of 34 cases (32.4%). Conclusion: The reduction of syndemosis after screw fixation can be accurately assessed intraoperatively with a combination of several reliable radiographic measurements of lateral radiograph and traditional radiographic measurements of AP and mortise radiograph. Using various radiographic parameters selectively, malreduction could be prevented even when some parameters are difficult to measure because of implants or when posterior malleolar fracture is accompanied.
11
Kwon, John Y., Bonnie Y. Chien, Eitan M. Ingall, Steven Staffa, Caroline Williams, and Christopher P. Miller. "Are SER-II Ankle Fractures Actually Anatomic? Bilateral CT Demonstrates Subtle Non-Anatomic Mortise & Syndesmotic Alignment in the Setting of Apparent Normal Radiographs." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, no. 1 (January 2022): 2473011421S0029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00297.
Abstract:
Category: Ankle; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Current treatment of ankle fractures is predicated on 1-2 mm of talar shift leading to abnormal contact pressures. Determination of anatomic alignment has conventionally been based on plain radiographs. The ability of x-ray to detect subtle mortise displacement however is unknown. The purpose of this investigation is to determine if CT scan can detect malalignment undetectable utilizing plain radiography when assessing injuries assumed to have anatomic mortise alignment. The findings have implications for utilizing higher resolution diagnostic imaging to assess malalignment and challenging the validity of previous literature in which conclusions of anatomic mortise alignment were determined based on plain radiography. Methods: 24 patients with stress-negative, stable SER-II type ankle fractures were included. Contralateral ankle mortise radiographs were obtained in addition to static and gravity stress radiographs of the injured side. Bilateral CT scans were performed once patients were deemed to have achieved clinical/radiographic healing. Measurements of the medial clear space (MCS) and syndesmosis were performed by two blinded orthopedic surgeons at two different time points. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to evaluate the intra- and inter-rater reliability and consistency of measurements. Statistical analyses were performed to determine any differences between x-ray and CT scan measurements to detect discrepancies between the injured and normal ankle measurements. Statistical significance was defined as a two-sided alpha error of less than 0.05 (p < 0.05). Results: Despite plain radiographs demonstrating no statistical side-to-side differences and achieving apparent final anatomic alignment in the majority of the cohort, CT MCS on coronal, axial planes and syndesmosis measurements were significantly different when comparing the injured to the normal contralateral ankle by on average of about 0.5mm. There was also excellent intra and interobserver agreement achieved for the measurements. Conclusion: CT is superior to plain radiography in detecting subtle mortise/syndesmotic displacement and side-to-side differences undetectable by x-ray. These findings challenge conventional assumption of anatomic alignment for SER II injuries and reliance on x-rays to assess anatomic alignment. While injured ankles uniformly demonstrated non-anatomic alignment as compared to the uninjured side, the clinical implications of subtle malalignment are unknown. However, broad reaching implications of this preliminary study include challenging the validity of x-ray to detect possibly clinically-relevant mortise malalignment in patients presenting with isolated lateral malleolus fractures.
12
Ebaugh, M. Pierce, Greg Grenier, Satbir Singh, Oussama Abousamra, and Kevin Klingele. "Ankle Mortise Instability in Multiple Hereditary Exostoses." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 2473011419S0016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011419s00167.
Abstract:
Category: Ankle, Ankle Arthritis, Pediatric Foot and Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Ankle valgus has been reported in 50% of patients with multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE) and, untreated, results in early arthrosis. Widening of the ankle mortise has also been reported; however, there has been a lack of data regarding its natural history and management. Alterations of mortise anatomy result in poor functional outcomes and accelerated arthrosis of the ankle. The aim of our study was to report the characteristics and outcomes of mortise widening in a group of patients with MHE. Methods: A total of 13 patients with MHE and mortise widening (16 ankles) were identified. Age, sex, BMI, laterality, origin of osteochondroma, pain, instability, clinical deformity, operative data, and complications were recorded. Mortise (M), Talocrural angle (TC), and Tibiotalar angle (TT) measurements were collected on preoperative and last follow up radiographs. The majority of patients underwent medial distal tibia hemiepiphysiodesis. Post-surgical AOFAS and SF36 scores were collected. Results: Preoperatively, no patient complained of instability, however, 9/16 ankles were painful and 14/16 were clinically in valgus. Patients underwent surgery at an age of 11.8 years (9.7-15). Radiographic and clinical follow up were 2.6 years (0.2-7.3) and 6 years (1.5-11.7), respectively. There were no significant differences between pre/postoperative M, TC, TT angles. Operative patients improved mean M (5.17 to 4.63 mm) and TT (8.71 to 4.54 degrees), neither angle reached normal values. TC (fibular length) was within normal limits (82.2 to 84.8). Questionnaires were obtained for 8/16 ankles, at a mean age of 19 years (13-25.1). The average AOFAS score was 66.7 out of 100. Patients scored 8.6/10 for alignment, 32/40 for pain, 25.6/50 for function. SF-36 scores were excellent. Conclusion: The improvement in M and TT was modest and their values remained outside the normal limits. TC angle was within normal limits but displayed an overall fibular shortening and thus, decreased lateral buttress with potential for talar shift. This was reflected in the mean functional and overall AOFAS score. However, our patients are functionally compensating as evidenced by SF36 scores. More studies are needed to optimize the management of MHE patients with ankle malalignment. Earlier valgus correction and possible addition of fibular lengthening to simultaneously address mortise widening may need to be considered to prevent early ankle arthritis.
13
Hu, Wen Gang, Hui Wan, and Hui Yuan Guan. "Study on contact force relaxation behavior of mortise-and-tenon joints considering tenon fits and grain orientations of tenon." BioResources 13, no. 3 (June 5, 2018): 5608–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.13.3.5608-5616.
Abstract:
A new method of testing mechanical properties of mortise-and-tenon joints is put forward. The contact force relaxation behavior of joints for 3 h with tenons in different grain orientations and tenon fits were studied. The results showed that the initial and final contact force of joints with tenons in radial grain orientation were all larger than those in tangential grain orientation in the same tenon fit. The regression equations generated in this paper were able to predict the contact force relaxation behavior of joints with tenons in different grain orientations, tenon fits, and time, and the errors were all within 20%. In addition, the ratio of loss for contact force of joints with tenons in radial grain orientations was greater than that with tenons in tangent in the same tenon fit. The ratios of loss decreased from 51% to 31% in two grain orientations of tenon with tenon fits increasing from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm with an increment of 0.1 mm. The method proposed in this paper was able to predict the contact force relaxation of mortise-and-tenon joints. The relaxation of contact force in a joint should be considered when designing mortise-and-tenon joint furniture.
14
Chen, Chun Chao, Hong Xing Qiu, and Ming Gang Xu. "Experimental Study on Flexural Behavior of Typical Mortise-Tenon Joints." Applied Mechanics and Materials 578-579 (July 2014): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.578-579.160.
Abstract:
The same two straight mortise-tennon joints in the base of melon-column (SJ for short) and penetrated mortise-tennon joints (PJ for short) were made with related rules. Relations of moment-rotation, length of the tenon pulled out-rotation and failure modes were got through monotonic loading test. Experimental study showed the main damage type of SJ was pulling out, while two damage types of PJ were bending damage and transverse tearing failure respectively. When under the action of bending moment, the resisting torque of SJ was synthesized by vertical load of columns, while that of PJ was mainly synthesized by local compresssive stress and friction on upper and lower surface of the tennon. In addition, the pulling size of tennons was associated with the heigth of tenon and relative rotation of beam and column.
15
Nicolau, Antoniu, Mihai Alin Pop, Sergiu Valeriu Georgescu, and Camelia Coșereanu. "Application of Additive Manufacturing Technology for Chair Parts Connections." Applied Sciences 13, no. 21 (November 4, 2023): 12044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132112044.
Abstract:
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a potential technology to be applied for replacing wood joints in the furniture industry. Overall, 3D-printed connectors have a lot of advantages in chair construction: the possibility of improving the design by using colored materials and new concepts with no limits of shape and size, avoiding the use of synthetic materials such as adhesives and finishing materials. The present research shows the results of the research conducted on 3D-printed connectors for a chair leg-stretchers joint. Larch (Larix decidua Mill.) wood was used for chair components and selective laser sintering (SLS) technology was employed for the 3D-printing connector designed to assemble the chair elements. Diagonal tensile and compression tests were performed on the L-type joints with 3D-printed connectors and the bending moments were determined and compared to the results obtained after testing the leg-stretchers mortise–tenon joints made of larch wood, taken as a reference. Micrograph investigation was finally performed on the broken areas of the 3D-printed connectors as a result of mechanical testing failures. The results show that the SLS printing technology applied to build the connector does not ensure enough strength to the assembly, and changes in printing parameters are needed for further research, in terms of laser power and scan speed.
16
Yang, Xiuren, Fang Lin, and Meiqun Huang. "Experimental Research on Bending Bearing Capability of Grouted Double Mortise-Tenon Joint for Prefabricated Metro Station Structure." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (March 17, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6635409.
Abstract:
The grouted mortise-tenon joint, invented as the connection between the large prefabricated elements, is the most important component in the prefabricated underground structures. This paper conducts analysis of load-carrying capacity performance and failure mode with 1 : 1 prototype test in key working direction of different double mortise-tenon joint types for the prefabricated metro station. The resistance moment is developed and used to analyze the bending bearing characteristic curve, and the corresponding test results of each stage of the characteristic curve are described in detail. In addition, the bending bearing performance of different types of double-tenon joints under different load conditions is compared. The test results clarify the ultimate failure mode of double-tenon joint and the variable bearing capacity characteristics of the joint with the increase in axial load and explain the bearing performance of each stage. It is also found the auxiliary pretightening device is helpful to delay the appearance of cracks and improve the bearing capacity, especially when it is set on the tension side. The research results have important application value for the joint design of prefabricated metro station structures.
17
Chavarry Vallejos, Carlos Magno, Liliana Janet Chavarría Reyes, Xavier Antonio Laos Laura, Andrés Avelino Valencia Gutiérrez, Enriqueta Pereyra Salardi, and Karen Romina Martínez Zuasnábar. "Efecto del dióxido de titanio en las propiedades mecánicas y autolimpiantes del mortero." Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología 25, no. 109 (June 3, 2021): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/uct.v25i109.452.
Abstract:
El presente artículo tiene como objetivo determinar la influencia de la adición del dióxido de titanio (TiO2) en el mortero de cemento Pórtland Tipo I. La investigación es descriptiva, correlacional, explicativo, con diseño experimental, longitudinal, prospectivo y estudio de cohorte. Se elaboró una mezcla patrón y tres mezclas de mortero con 5%, 7.5% y 10% de contenido de TiO2 como reemplazo del volumen de cemento para las propiedades autolimpiantes se realizó el ensayo de rodamina e intemperismo. La incorporación de dióxido de titanio disminuyó la resistencia a la compresión, incrementó la fluidez y tasa de absorción de agua; la prueba de rodamina dio que el mortero sin actividad fotocatalítico no contenía TiO2 porque no cumple con los factores de fotodegradación R4 y R26. Mediante la exposición de paneles al intemperismo favoreciendo la propiedad autolimpiante de los morteros con adición de TiO2 (5%).
Palabras Clave: Actividad foto catalítico, dióxido de titanio, factores de fotodegradación, propiedades mecánicas y autolimpiante.
Referencias
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[4]D. Jimenez and J. Moreno, “Efecto del reemplazo de cemento portland por el dioido de titanio en las propiedades mecanicas del mortero,” Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, 2016.
[5]L. Wang, H. Zhang, and Y. Gao, “Effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on physical and mechanical properties of cement at low temperatures,” Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, doi: 10.1155/2018/8934689.
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[9]S. Zailan, N. Mahmed, M. Abdullah, A. Sandu, and N. Shahedan, “Review on characterization and mechanical performance of self-cleaning concrete,” MATEC Web Conf., vol. 97, pp. 1–7, 2017, doi: 10.1051/matecconf/20179701022.
[10]C. Chavarry, L. Chavarría, A. Valencia, E. Pereyra, J. Arieta, and C. Rengifo, “Hormigón reforzado con vidrio molido para controlar grietas y fisuras por contracción plástica,” Pro Sci., vol. 4, no. 31, pp. 31–41, 2020, doi: 10.29018/issn.2588-1000vol4iss31.2020pp31-41.
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[12]Norme UNI, “Norma Italiana UNI 11259,” 2016. http://store.uni.com/catalogo/uni-11259-2008?josso_back_to=http://store.uni.com/josso-security-check.php&josso_cmd=login_optional&josso_partnerapp_host=store.uni.com.
[13]E. Grebenisan, H. Szilagyi, A. Hegyi, C. Mircea, and C. Baera, “Directory lines regarding the desing and production of self-cleaning cementitious composites,” Sect. Green Build. Technol. Mater., vol. 19, no. 6, 2019.
[14]M. Kaszynska, “The influence of TIO2 nanoparticles on the properties of self-cleaning cement mortar,” Int. Multidiscip. Sci. GeoConference SGEM, pp. 333–341, 2018.
18
Yang, Xiuren, Fang Lin, and Meiqun Huang. "Analysis of the Law of Joint Deformation for Grouted Mortise-Tenon Joint." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (January 31, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2909993.
Abstract:
This paper analyzes the law of joint deformation of grouted mortise-tenon joint with 1 : 1 prototype test in key working direction types under 38 working conditions of different joint types, tenon lengths, grouting ranges, grouting materials, and loading combinations for the prefabricated metro station. The deformation performance of the joint has also been compared. In addition, finite element models have been built, and the joint deformation stages are discussed. The influences on the law of joint deformation of different influencing factors have been discovered. The deformation development stages and the main deformation laws of each stage of the joints have also been obtained. Moreover, this paper also compares and analyzes the field test results and experimental results. The monitoring results show that the safety margin of joint deformation is sufficient during the whole construction process from the assembly to the completion of the station. The research results have great values for the joint design and calculation for the prefabricated metro station structure.
19
Kraus, Eric M. "Hearing Results with Clothespin Ossiculoplasty: Preliminary Report on the Kraus Modified Schuring Ossicle-Cup Prosthesis (Clothespin Prosthesis)." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 109, no. 1 (July 1993): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989310900105.
Abstract:
The clothespin partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP) is designed to Increase Joint stability during incus replacement ossiculoplasty. Fundamental modifications have been made in the Schuring ossicle-cup, which include a forked well, increased well wall thickness and length, and a flexible tip disk added to the shaft. The forked well functions like a straight clothespin rather than an inverted cup. The forked well enables the clothespin prothesis to slide down over the stapes superstructure, between the facial nerve canal and the promontory, to form a stable, mortise-and-tenon prosthesis-stapedial joint. Joint stability is enhanced because the inferior tine of the forked well is able to lever against the inferior surface of the stapes superstructure, creating a counterforce to gravity. This is in contrast to the more unstable ball-and-socket joint created by most partial ossicular replacement prostheses when they articulate with the stapes capitulum. The addition of a flexible disk to the shaft tip produces a tight, stable union between the prosthesis and the ossicular cap by increasing resistance at the shaft-ossicle interface. Fluoroplastic composition maximizes Intraoperative versatility and reliability while the ossicle cap minimizes extrusions. One-year hearing results for twelve chronic ear patients with mobile stapes undergoing clothespin ossiculoplasty during intact canal wall tympanomastoidectomy revealed postoperative air-bone gaps within 20 dB in 92% of cases. The mean postoperative air-bone gap was 8.9 dB, and the mean Improvement in air-bone gap was 14.4 dB. These results are attributable to greater prosthesis stability provided by the time-tested mortise-and-tenon joint concept rather than a ball-and-socket joint in a reconstructive situation in which stability is critical.
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Rathee, Manu, Santhanam Divakar, Prachi Jain, Sandeep Singh, Sujata Chahal, and Sarthak Singh Tomar. "Digitally designed fixed dental prosthesis with stress breaking effect using non-rigid connector for pier abutment: A case report." Acta Marisiensis - Seria Medica 68, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amma-2022-0033.
Abstract:
Abstract Rigid connectors between pontic and retainer are preferred way of fabricating fixed partial dentures for many decades as they provide desirable strength, retention and stability to the prosthesis. However, it is not ideal for cases such as lone-standing abutments (pier abutment), maligned teeth where occlusal stress can extrude the restoration. This may lead to marginal leakage and secondary caries on the abutment teeth. Conversely, it is recommended to use non-rigid connectors which act as a stress breaker, where the tensile stresses are concentrated on the surrounding bone and not on the connectors. With advancement in digital technology in dentistry, the non-rigid connectors can be fabricated using additive manufacturing technology. The present case report discusses the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) designed fixed dental prosthesis with key and keyway (Tenon and Mortise) non-rigid connector for rehabilitation of pier abutment in maxillary posterior region.
21
Hu, Wengang, and Na Liu. "Comparisons of finite element models used to predict bending strength of mortise-and-tenon joints." BioResources 15, no. 3 (June 10, 2020): 5801–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.3.5801-5811.
Abstract:
This study aimed to obtain a better method for establishing a finite element model of mortise-and-tenon (M-T) joints. Three types of M-T joint finite element models, which included a whole rigid model, a tie rigid model, and a semi-rigid model, were established and compared with experimental results by predicting the bending moment capacity (BMC) of M-T joints based on the finite element method (FEM). The results showed that the semi-rigid model performed much better than the tie rigid model, followed by the whole rigid model. For the semi-rigid model, the ratios of FEM ranged from 0.85 to 1.09. For the whole rigid model and tie rigid model, the BMC of the M-T joint was overestimated. In addition, the results showed that tenon size remarkably affected the BMC and stiffness of the M-T joint, and tenon width had a greater effect on the BMC of the M-T joint than the tenon length.
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Oliveira, Ligia Regina de, Ana Paula Muraro, Moiseis dos Santos Cecconello, Mauro Citro Lalucci, and Amanda Cristina de Souza Andrade. "Excess of deaths during COVID-19 pandemic in Mato Grosso, Brazil." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 28, no. 12 (2023): 3599–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320232812.13002022.
Abstract:
Abstract This article aims to estimate the excess of deaths in the years 2020 and 2021 in Mato Grosso state, in the state capital and in the countryside, according to gender and age group. Data was extracted from DATASUS/Ministry of Health website for the period from 2015 to 2020 and from the website of the State Department of Health - Data Warehouse System (DW) for 2021. Non-fetal deaths by natural causes of residents in Mato Grosso were analyzed and the analyses were broken down into countryside and state capital (Cuiabá). The variables selected were age group, gender, month of occurrence, and underlying cause of death. Excess mortality was calculated using generalized additive quasi-Poisson model adjustments with correction for overdispersion. A 30% excess of deaths was identified in 2020, with the state capital recording the highest estimate, in older age groups, and between the months of July and September. In 2021, the expected number of deaths was 57% higher, with the double in the younger age groups in the countryside. The study showed different demographic profiles of excess deaths in the years 2020 and 2021 during COVID-19 pandemic and distinct patterns between countryside and state capital, suggesting inequalities that may have caused impact on different risks.
23
Kostić, Aleksandar Ž., Danijel D. Milinčić, Miroljub B. Barać, Mohammad Ali Shariati, Živoslav Lj Tešić, and Mirjana B. Pešić. "The Application of Pollen as a Functional Food and Feed Ingredient—The Present and Perspectives." Biomolecules 10, no. 1 (January 5, 2020): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10010084.
Abstract:
Pollen is recognized as an excellent dietary supplement for human nutrition, which is why it can be found in different forms on the market (granules, capsules, tablets, pellets, and powders). But, the digestibility of pollen’s nutrients is strongly affected by the presence of a pollen shell, which can decrease the bioavailability of nutrients by 50% and more. Since consumers have become more aware of the benefits of a healthy diet and the necessity to improve pollen digestibility, different pollen-based functional food products have been developed and extensive studies were done to estimate the beneficial effects of pollen-based feed on animal growth, health, and rigor mortise stage. Considering the positive effects of pollen nutrients and phytometabolites on human and animal health, the aim of this paper was to give an overview of recent achievements in the application of pollen in the formulation of functional food and animal diets. Special attention was paid to the effects of pollen’s addition on the nutritional, functional, techno-functional, and sensory properties of the new formulated food products. Anti-nutritional properties of pollen were also discussed. This review points out the benefits of pollen addition to food and feed and the possible directions in the further development of functional food and feed for the wellbeing of everyone.
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Chen, Bingrui, Haiyan Xia, and Wengang Hu. "The design and evaluation of three-dimensional corner joints used in wooden furniture frames: Experimental and numerical." BioResources 17, no. 2 (February 16, 2022): 2143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.2.2143-2156.
Abstract:
This study aimed to design and evaluate the detachable corner joints used in wooden furniture frames, including a commonly used detachable joint (control) form using mortise and tenon with plug reinforcement and three novel proposed joints, i.e., novel joint I ~ III, which adopted in-line double-hole nuts, metal sheet connector, and embedded nuts and screws respectively, via numerical and experimental methods. The numerical analysis results indicated that the optimal proposed joint (novel joint І) had good mechanical performance when subjected to bending load with proper stress distributions and relatively low maximum stress compared with the other two proposed joints. The experimental results showed that the bending load resistance of the control and the optimal proposed joints were 1920 N (0.14) and 4390 N (0.05), respectively. The bending moment capacity and bending stiffness of the optimal joints were remarkably higher than the bending moment capacity and bending stiffness of the control joint. In addition, the combination of the numerical and experimental methods could effectively simplify the steps of furniture connection design and development and save costs in terms of time and materials.
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Golewski, Przemysław, Marek Nowicki, Tomasz Sadowski, and Daniel Pietras. "Experimental Study of Single-Lap, Hybrid Joints, Made of 3D Printed Polymer and Aluminium Adherends." Materials 14, no. 24 (December 13, 2021): 7705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247705.
Abstract:
This paper presents the results of an experimental study into single-lap joints. One part of the joint was made as a 3D printed polymer and had cylindrical tenons, while the other part was made of an aluminium flat bar having mortises whose diameter and distribution corresponded to the polymer tenons. In addition to the mechanical joint, a layer of double-sided VHB (Very High Bond) adhesive tape was also placed in the lap, thus creating a hybrid joint. In total, 80 specimens were made, which were divided into four groups: A—specimens with one tenon of different diameters, B—specimens with different number of tenons of the same diameter, C—specimens characterised by multi-stage operation and R—reference specimens, connected only by double-sided adhesive tape. The joints were subjected to uniaxial tensile tests. The force–displacement characteristics obtained and the energy required, up to the point of the failure of the joints, have been analysed in this paper. The four and six-stage joints designed can significantly increase the safety of the structures in which they will be used.
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Wang, Shuo, Zhi Hui Wu, Lu Chen, Sheng Zan Yan, LiJun Xu, and Hao Guan. "Effect of mortise and tenon size on compressive and tensile strength of a box connected by dovetail keys." BioResources 15, no. 3 (June 5, 2020): 5776–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.3.5776-5786.
Abstract:
Compressive and tensile strengths were considered for a box connected by dovetail keys under different mortise-and-tenon sizes. Poplar wood modified by melamine resin (MF modified poplar wood) was chosen as the experimental material, and the experimental study was carried out on the box using the concentrated loading method. The results showed that the ratio (T) of hole depth to slope height had a significant effect on the structural strength of the box connected by dovetail keys when other dimensional parameters were the same. When T was equal to 75%, the compression and tensile strength of the box was the highest, and the joint had better recovery and deformation ability. When T` was equal to 50%, the box strength was the worst, and the joint damage was the most serious in both types of loading. In addition, the measurement standard of the displacement was determined through preliminary experimentation. The compression quantity was 8 mm, and the stretching quantity was 5 mm. The latter experiment showed the reliability of the pre-experiment.
27
Zhang, Jichao, Yan Zhang, Chaoheng Peng, Youkun Lei, Aijun Zhang, Zhengxuan Zuo, and Zeyu Chen. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation into Full-Scale Model of New Type Assembled Integral Utility Tunnel." Buildings 13, no. 6 (May 31, 2023): 1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13061428.
Abstract:
This article summarizes the current construction methods of prefabricated utility tunnels. (1) The proposed cast-in-place utility tunnel project was used as a background for this study. (2) The original cast-in-place structure was divided into components, and the connection methods of prefabricated composite slabs and mortise and tenon joints were used to propose a new type of prefabricated concrete utility tunnel construction method. After completing the design of the new prefabricated utility tunnel, a numerical simulation analysis of the actual stress situation of the utility tunnel was carried out using ABAQUS finite element software to verify the overall structural performance of the assembled utility tunnel. In addition, after completing the construction of the full-size model of the dual chamber, static load tests were carried out. (3) The test used the method of monotonic static bidirectional loading with a central hydraulic jack and tensioned steel strands, analyzed the cracks, deformation curves, and stress-strain of steel bars and concrete of the overall structure of the utility tunnel, and (4) verified the feasibility of the new assembled integral utility tunnel.
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Yang, Xinxin. "Review of Studies on Performance of Dowel Connections Loaded Perpendicular to Grain." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 11, no. 1 (May 21, 2024): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/h8w21p15.
Abstract:
Wood as a sustainable building material demonstrates significant advantages in terms of environmental protection, economy and functionality. Studies showed that adding 1.0m3 of wood could absorb 1.0kg of carbon dioxide, produce 730kg of oxygen, and fix 270kg of carbon, which plays an important role in ecological environment protection. In addition, in addition, wood has good thermal insulation performance, can adjust indoor humidity, beneficial to human health.China's wooden structure architecture has a long history. As an important technology in China's traditional architecture, mortise and tenon connection technology constitutes an important part of Chinese traditional architectural heritage through the insertion of wood components. As a prefabricated building form, modern wood structure has a history of more than 100 years in developed countries. The main forms include heavy wood structure, light wood structure, square wood wood structure and wood mixed structure. In recent years, wood structure architecture has attracted wide attention in scientific research and application in China. Whether for new construction or large-scale reconstruction projects, wood structure buildings are widely adopted because of their design flexibility, high strength and aesthetics, as shown in Figure 1.1. Modern wood structure buildings show the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection, good earthquake resistance, convenient construction and safety and comfort, and its development is fully in line with the national sustainable development strategy.
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Yang, Xiuren, Zhongheng Shi, and Fang Lin. "Research on Shear Capacity and Checking Method of MT·G-Joint for Application in Prefabricated Underground Structures." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2019 (November 12, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4065301.
Abstract:
The MT·G-Joint (grouted mortise-tenon joint), invented as the connection between the large prefabricated elements, is the most important component in the prefabricated underground structures. Its shear performance is critical to the overall mechanical performance of the prefabricated structure. This paper carries out four-point pure shear experiment to investigate the shear performance of the MT·G-Joint. The shear key method is then proved to be suitable for MT·G-Joint when the axial load is 0 kN based on the experimental results. In addition, combining the shear key method and experimental results, the calculation method of the shear capacity, improved shear key method (ISKM), is proposed on account of the mechanical model of the failure plane. ISKM is appropriate for different load conditions. Finally, every kind of joints used in the prefabricated metro station structures on Changchun Metro Line 2 is calculated by using ISKM. The results indicate that the shear capacity of the MT·G-Joint is good, and the used joints still have large safety margin even under the worst working condition. The findings of this study are of value to help researchers and engineers more effectively design prefabricated underground structures.
30
HU, WENGANG, WENJIE FU, and YUAN ZHAO. "OPTIMAL DESIGN OF THE TRADITIONAL CHINESE WOOD FURNITURE JOINT BASED ON EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL METHODS." Wood Research 69, no. 1 (March 8, 2024): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/69.1.5059.
Abstract:
In this study, computer aided technology was utilized to improve the traditional grid shoulder mortise-and-tenon joint (GSMTJ). Firstly, the traditional GSMTJ was redesigned through using separated loose tenon by the computer aided design (CAD) software called AutoCAD. And then the mechanical strengths of the traditional GSMTJs and the improved GSMTJs were compared and analyzed using the experimentally validated finite element method (FEM) based on the computer aided engineering (CAE) software called ABAQUS. Finally, the GSMTJs were further investigated from perspective of manufacturing efficiency using the computer aided manufacturing (CAM) software called JDSoft SurfMill. Based on the above simulation analysis, the improved GSMTJ was validated to be equivalent strength, high manufacturing efficiency increasing by 11.5%, low processing load ratio decreasing by 30%, as well as less wood material cost reducing by 3.6% compared with the traditional GSMTJ. The proposed improved GSMTJ was validated to be more suitable to modern wood processing machines. In addition, the methodology of combining the CAD, CAE, and CAM to wood products design was proofed efficient, economic, and feasible, and can be also used in design of other products.
31
Harper, Marion C. "The Short Oblique Fracture of the Distal Fibula Without Medial Injury: An Assessment of Displacement." Foot & Ankle International 16, no. 4 (April 1995): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110079501600402.
Abstract:
Eighteen patients with ankle injuries presenting as short oblique fractures of the distal fibula with no clinical or radiographic evidence of injury to the medial ankle were studied for fracture displacement. Plain radiographs and computed tomography were used for analysis. All fractures were clinically diagnosed as supination-external rotation stage 2 (SE-II) injuries under the Lauge-Hansen scheme. All exhibited slight displacement on plain radiographs and were treated nonoperatively. Computerized tomography using axial cuts across the fracture site and ankle mortise revealed normal positioning of the talus beneath the tibial plafond, as evidenced by no abnormality of the medial joint space in all patients. In the majority of patients, the relationship between the talus and distal fibula also appeared undisturbed, with fracture displacement being confined to a change in position of the proximal fibular fragment relative to the tibia as compared with the contralateral ankle. In a minority of cases, in addition to the above-described displacement of the proximal fibular fragment, the distal fibular fragment was noted to shift slightly laterally relative to the talus, with mild widening of the lateral joint space. Occult-associated avulsion fractures off the distal tibia were present in 39% of the cases.
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Hu, Wengang, Na Liu, and Huiyuan Guan. "Experimental and Numerical Study on Methods of Testing Withdrawal Resistance of Mortise-and-Tenon Joint for Wood Products." Forests 11, no. 3 (February 28, 2020): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11030280.
Abstract:
Withdrawal resistance of the mortise-and-tenon (M&T) joint is an important indicator to evaluate the strength of the M&T joint. Generally, the T-shaped specimen is usually used to measure withdrawal resistance using tensile methods, but there has not been testing standard until now. In this study, the methods of measuring withdrawal resistance of the M&T joint were investigated systematically. A new method used to determine the withdrawal resistance of M&T joint was proposed to be named as the compressive method. In addition, withdrawal resistances of M&T joint determined using tensile and compressive methods were compared based on experiments and the finite element method (FEM). The experimental results showed that the effects of the testing method and glue on withdrawal resistance of M&T joint were statistically significant, specifically, the withdrawal resistance measured using tensile method was higher than the one determined by the compressive method. Meanwhile, the results of FEM also confirmed the experimental results in a visible way. The results of FEM indicated that the withdrawal resistance of the M&T joint was influenced by tenon member length; specifically, the withdrawal resistance of the M&T determined by tensile method increased with the increasing of tenon member length. In summary, the results of the study make sense in the measurement of withdrawal resistance of the M&T joint in practice, and in f theory, the study will contribute to instructing the design of furniture structures.
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Bathgate, R., B. M. Eriksson, W. M. C. Maxwell, and G. Evans. "79 EFFECT OF PRE-FREEZE ADDITION OF PLATELET-ACTIVATING FACTOR AND PLATELET-ACTIVATING FACTOR:ACETYLHYDROLASE ON THE POST-THAW INTEGRITY OF FROZEN - THAWED BOAR SPERM." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 2 (2005): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv17n2ab79.
Abstract:
The use of frozen-thawed boar sperm is not widespread, owing to reduced fertility rates and high cost per dose (Eriksson et al. 2004 Proc. Aust. Assoc. Pig Vet., 61–69). Improvements in post-thaw sperm survival are required for commercialization. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a phospholipid involved in regulating sperm function. PAF:acetylhydrolase (PAF:AH) regulates PAF activity by conversion to its inactive isoform. Both occur naturally in boar semen (Kordan et al. 2003 Pol. J. Vet. Sci. 6, 55–60). Removal of PAF and PAF:AH along with seminal plasma during the cryopreservation process may inhibit the ability of sperm to withstand the freeze-thawing process. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of PAF and PAF:AH, added to boar semen pre-freeze, on the post-thaw motility and acrosome integrity of sperm. The sperm rich fraction was collected from a mature Large White × Landrace boar, diluted with Androhep (1:2, semen:Androhep; Minitube, Verona, WI, USA), cooled to 17°C over 2 h, and then centrifuged (10 min, 800g). The sperm pellet was resuspended in cooling extender (11% (w/v) lactose solution with 20% (v/v) egg yolk; control), cooling extender plus 100 ng/mL PAF (PAF), or cooling extender plus 0.4% (v/v) PAF:AH (Pafase; ICOS Corporation, Seattle, Washington, USA), and cooled to 5°C over 2.5 h. Sperm were further diluted with cooling extender plus 9% (v/v) glycerol and 1.5% (v/v) Equex STM (freezing extender), loaded into 0.5-mL straws, and frozen. Straws were thawed (20 s, 42°C) and the motility and acrosome integrity (FITC-PNA; Mortimer etal. 1990 Hum. Reprod. 5, 99–103) assessed at 0, 3, and 6 h post-thaw after incubation at 37°C. Data from three replicates were analyzed by ANOVA and a Tukey test applied where significant differences were found. Post-thaw motility (0 and 3 h) was higher for PAF (60.0 ± 0.0% and 25.0 ± 2.9%) than for control (41.7 ± 1.7% and 10.0 ± 2.9%; P < 0.05), but was similar for Pafase (41.7 ± 1.7% and 16.7 ± 1.7%; P > 0.05). By 6 h post-thaw, motility was similar for PAF (1.7 ± 1.7%), Pafase (6.7 ± 6.8%), and control (1.7 ± 1.7%, all respectively; P > 0.05). Acrosome integrity was higher at 0, 3 and 6 h post-thaw for Pafase (55.7 ± 3.2%, 45.7 ± 3.7% and 23.0 ± 3.1%) than for control (42.7 ± 1.5%, 25.7 ± 5.7% and 12.3 ± 2.7%) and PAF (33.0 ± 3.7%, 26.3 ± 2.2% and 11.7 ± 0.3%, all respectively; P < 0.05), but was similar between control and PAF (P > 0.05). Supplementation of cooling extender with 100 ng/mL PAF increased initial post-thaw motility, but this benefit was lost after 6 h post-thaw. Pafase in the cooling extender improved the proportion of intact acrosomes, even after 6 h post-thaw. In vitro studies investigating the interaction between Pafase-treated frozen-thawed sperm and oviducal epithelial cells would be of interest to further establish the potential benefits of pre-freeze addition of Pafase on the fertilizing potential of frozen-thawed boar sperm.
34
Ferrara, Lisa A., Illya Gordon, Madeline Coquillette, Ryan Milks, Aaron J. Fleischman, Shuvo Roy, Vijay K. Goel, and Edward C. Benzel. "A preliminary biomechanical evaluation in a simulated spinal fusion model." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 7, no. 5 (November 2007): 542–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/spi-07/11/542.
Abstract:
Object A preliminary in vitro biomechanical study was conducted to determine if the pressure at a bone graft–mortise interface and the load transmitted along a ventral cervical plate could be used as parameters to assess fusion status. Methods An interbody bone graft and a ventral plate were placed at the C3–4 motion segment in six fresh cadaveric goat spines. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was used to simulate early bone fusion at the bone graft site. The loads along the plate and the simultaneous pressures induced at the graft–endplate interfaces were monitored during simulated stages of bone healing. Each specimen was nondestructively tested in compression loading while the pressures and loads at the graft site were recorded continuously. Each specimen was tested under five conditions (Disc, Graft, Plate, PMMA, and Removal). Results The pressure at the interface of the bone graft and vertebral endplate did not change significantly with the addition of the ventral plate. The interface pressure and segmental stiffness did increase following PMMA augmentation of the bone graft (simulating an intermediate phase of bone fusion). The load transmitted along the ventral plate in compression increased after the addition of the bone graft, but decreased after PMMA augmentation. Thus, there was an increase in pressure at the graft–endplate interface and a decrease in load transferred along the ventral plate after the simulation of bone fusion. Upon removal of the ventral plate, the simulated fusion bore most of the axial load, thus explaining a further increase in graft site pressure. Conclusions These observations support the notions of load sharing and the redistribution of loads occurring during and after bone graft incorporation. In the clinical setting, these parameters may be useful in the assessment of fusion after spine surgery. Although feasibility has been demonstrated in this preliminary study, further research is needed.
35
Shaffer, Michael A., Enyi Okereke, John L. Esterhai, Mark A. Elliott, Glenn A. Walter, Steven H. Yim, and Krista Vandenborne. "Effects of Immobilization on Plantar-Flexion Torque, Fatigue Resistance, and Functional Ability Following an Ankle Fracture." Physical Therapy 80, no. 8 (August 1, 2000): 769–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/80.8.769.
Abstract:
AbstractBackground and Purpose. The goal of this investigation was to study the recovery of ankle plantar-flexor peak torque, fatigue resistance, and functional ability (stair climbing, walking) following cast immobilization in patients with ankle fractures. Subjects. The participants were 10 patients who underwent open reduction-internal fixation and 8 weeks of cast immobilization following a fracture of the ankle mortise and 10 age- and sex-matched, noninjured comparison subjects. Methods. Plantar-flexor torque and fatigue resistance were measured at 1, 5, and 10 weeks of rehabilitation using an isokinetic dynamometer. Ankle plantar-flexor peak torque and fatigue resistance were correlated to timed ambulation, timed stair climbing, and unilateral heel-rises. Results. Following immobilization, plantar-flexor peak torque was decreased at all angular speeds and positions. The decrease in peak torque was associated with an increase in fatigue resistance. With rehabilitation, ankle plantar-flexor torque and fatigue resistance normalized. Regression analysis revealed a strong relationship between plantar-flexor peak torque and functional measures. By 10 weeks post-immobilization, peak torque, fatigue resistance, and all measures of functional performance had returned to control levels. Conclusion and Discussion. The decrease in muscle performance, functional ability, and fatigue resistance induced by 8 weeks of cast immobilization can be reversed with 10 weeks of supervised physical therapy. In addition, this study demonstrated that ankle-plantar flexor torque is a good predictor of stair-climbing and walking performance in patients with ankle fractures.
36
Gianoli, Daniele, Alexander Joeris, and Christoph Sommer. "Reference radiologic measurements for the assessment of tibial pilon fractures." Journal of Musculoskeletal Surgery and Research 6 (January 15, 2022): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jmsr_121_2021.
Abstract:
Objectives: The management of pilon fractures is a challenge and the outcome depends on multiple factors, one of which is the quality of reduction. In the literature, there is no assessment of anatomical reduction in pilon fractures. We also lack standard radiological parameters in large patient groups to measure the reduction. The main aim of this analysis was to define normal standard radiological values and identify potential specific types of ankle joint morphology (morphotypes) that might deserve special attention intraoperatively. Methods: We analyzed data of 103 healthy contralateral ankles collected within an observational and prospective multicenter study about tibial pilon fractures. We divided the patients according to their height into two groups, measured 11 radiological parameters, and compared them with each other and the literature. In addition, using cluster analysis, we could identify three morphotypes. Results: There is a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the lengths of three parameters: Mortise width, medial clear space, and length of the lateral malleolus, but not in the angles. The three morphotypes differ only in body mass index and the length of the lateral malleolus. Conclusion: Reference values from the literature are insufficient to assess a reduction after open reduction and internal fixation of tibial pilon fractures because they depend on the height. This does not apply to angles because they are independent of height. For clinical practice, a radiological control of the contralateral healthy ankle gives the best information about the reduction quality and should always be done, especially in normal weight males.
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Wang, Jinwu, Xingyu Wang, Linzhen Xie, Wenhao Zheng, Hua Chen, and Leyi Cai. "Comparison of radiographs and CT features between posterior Pilon fracture and posterior malleolus fracture: a retrospective cohort study." British Journal of Radiology 93, no. 1110 (June 2020): 20191030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20191030.
Abstract:
Objectives: This study explored the morphological differences between posterior Pilon fracture and posterior malleolus fracture from radiographs and CT to provide detail for diagnosis and treatment of them. Methods: Radiographs and CT imaging data of 174 patients with distal posterior tibial fractures who were treated from January 2013 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the operation and imaging examination, the fractures were classified into posterior Pilon fractures and posterior malleolus fractures. Radiographic parameters including the width, height, depth, α angle, β angle, γ angle, fragment area ratio 1 (FAR1), δ angle and fragment area ratio 2 (FAR2) of ankle mortise were measured. Results: There were 96 posterior Pilon fractures (Type I: 30, Type II: 22 and Type III: 44) and 78 posterior malleolus fractures (Type I: 40 and Type II: 38). The ankle depth, α angle, γ angle, FAR1 and FAR2 of posterior Pilon fractures were larger than these of posterior malleolus fractures (p < 0.05). In addition, FAR1 and FAR2 of Type II and Type III posterior Pilon fractures were significantly larger than these of Type I (p < 0.05). FAR1 and FAR2 of Type I posterior malleolus fractures were significantly smaller than these of Type II (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Radiographs combined with CT analysis is an effective method to accurately distinguish morphological features between posterior Pilon fracture and posterior malleolus fracture. Advances in knowledge: Radiographs combined with CT distinguished the fracture of posterior malleolus and posterior Pilon rapidly and accurately, instead of operation.
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Burns, William C., Karanvir Prakash, Robert Adelaar, Armaria Beaudoin, and William Krause. "Tibiotalar Joint Dynamics: Indications for the Syndesmotic Screw—A Cadaver Study." Foot & Ankle 14, no. 3 (March 1993): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110079301400308.
Abstract:
Pronation-external rotation ankle injuries involve varying degrees of disruption of the syndesmotic ligaments. The loss of ligament support and alteration in the stability of the mortise have been postulated to lead to an increase in joint reactive forces and traumatic arthritis. The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in tibiotalar joint dynamics associated with syndesmotic diastasis as a result of the sequential sectioning of the syndesmotic ligaments to simulate a pronation-external rotation injury. Dissections were conducted on 10 fresh-frozen, knee-disarticulated cadaveric specimens which were then axi-ally loaded in an unconstrained manner. Tibiotalar joint forces were measured at each level of sequential sectioning of the syndesmotic ligaments, the interosseous membrane, and finally the deltoid ligament. Complete disruption of the syndesmosis with the medial structures of the ankle intact resulted in an average syndesmotic widening of 0.24 mm and no significant change in the tibiotalar contact area or the peak pressure. However, deltoid ligament strain increases with sectioning of the syndesmosis. With the addition of deltoid ligament sectioning, there was an average syndesmotic diastasis of 0.73 mm, a 39% reduction in the tibiotalar contact area, and a 42% increase in the peak pressure. In a simulated unconstrained cadaveric model of a pronation-external rotation ankle injury that results in complete disruption of the syndesmosis, if rigid anatomic medial and lateral joint fixation is obtained and the deltoid ligament complex is intact, syndesmotic screw fixation is not required to maintain the integrity of the tibiotalar joint.
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Jagadesh, M., Cherukumalli Srinivasarao, Duraisamy Selvi, Subramanium Thiyageshwari, Thangavel Kalaiselvi, Aradhna Kumari, Santhosh Kumar Singh, et al. "Quantifying the Unvoiced Carbon Pools of the Nilgiri Hill Region in the Western Ghats Global Biodiversity Hotspot—First Report." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (March 21, 2023): 5520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15065520.
Abstract:
Accelerating land-use change (LUC) in the Nilgiri Hill Region (NHR) has caused its land to mortify. Although this deterioration has been documented, the destruction of buried gem soil has not been reported. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the impact of LUC on soil-carbon dynamics in the six major ecosystems in the NHR: croplands (CLs), deciduous forests (DFs), evergreen forests (EFs), forest plantations (FPs), scrublands (SLs), and tea plantations (TPs). Sampling was conducted at selected sites of each ecosystem at three depth classes (0–15, 15–30, and 30–45 cm) to quantify the carbon pools (water-soluble carbon, water-soluble carbohydrates, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, dehydrogenase, and different fractions of particulate organic carbon). We found that the LUC significantly decreased the concentration of carbon in the altered ecosystems (49.44–78.38%), with the highest being recorded at EF (10.25%) and DF (7.15%). In addition, the effects of the LUC on the aggregate size of the organic carbon were dissimilar across all the aggregate sizes. The relatively high inputs of the aboveground plant residues and the richer fine-root biomass were accountable for the higher concentration of carbon pools in the untouched EFs and DFs compared to the SLs, FPs, TPs, and CLs. The results of the land-degradation Index (LDI) depicted the higher vulnerability of TP (−72.67) and CL (−79.00). Thus, our findings highlight the global importance of LUC to soil quality. Henceforth, the conservation of carbon pools in fragile ecosystems, such as the NHR, is crucial to keep soils alive and achieve land-degradation neutrality.
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Rauova, Lubica, Gowthami M. Arepally, Douglas B. Cines, and Mortimer Poncz. "Monocytes Are a Particularly Favorable Target for Surface Platelet Factor 4 (PF4) Antigenic Complex Formation in Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia: New Insights into the Thrombotic Risk in HIT." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.271.271.
Abstract:
Abstract Monocytes are a Favored Target for Surface Platelet Factor 4 (PF4) Antigenic Complex Formation in Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia: New Insights into the Thrombotic Risk in HIT Lubica Rauova, Gowthami Arepally, Douglas Cines and Mortimer Poncz HIT is a drug-induced autoimmune thrombocytopenia caused by antibodies to heparin/PF4 complexes that predispose to thrombotic complications. The studies described below examine how monocytes (Mo) may contribute to the thrombotic risk. We demonstrated previously that glycosaminoglycans (GAG) on the surface of platelets bind PF4, forming complexes that are recognized by HIT antibody, leading to platelet activation via the platelet FcγRIIA receptor in vitro and thrombocytopenia/thrombosis in vivo. However, heparin not only induces antibodies to develop against the PF4/GAG surface antigenic complexes, but also rapidly removes the same PF4/GAG complexes from the platelet surface, which may limit the likelihood of developing HIT and help limit its duration. This led us to study the involvement of Mo, which are a rich potential source of tissue factor and are known to be activated in HIT. Moreover, unlike platelets, which are coated with GAG composed almost entirely of chrondroitin sulfate (CS), Mo also express heparan sulfate, which has the capacity to bind PF4 with greater avidity and be resistant to the effect of plasma heparin. We found that Mo bind PF4 with greater avidity than platelets and higher concentrations of UFH are needed to remove PF4/GAG complexes and reduce the binding of a HIT monoclonal antibody KKO. In contrast to platelets, dissociation of PF4/GAG complexes from monocytes requires heparinases in addition to chondroitinases. In addition, macrophages GAG undergo hypersulfation during inflammation. Because clinical studies have shown inflammation predisposes to HIT, we examined the binding of KKO to unstimulated and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, E. coli serotype 011) stimulated cultured macrophages. Macrophages were derived from primary human Mo or murine bone marrow, cultured in the presence of M-CSF and stimulated with 0–500 ng/mL of LPS for 72 hrs. LPS increased KKO binding in the presence of PF4 2.7±0.7-fold compared to unstimulated cells (p<0.002) and the stimulated cells required ~2-fold higher concentrations of heparin to remove surface PF4/GAG complexes. Addition of [35S]sulfate during the last 24 hrs of incubation lead to a 4.1±0.1-fold increase in the incorporation of 35S into surface GAG after LPS stimulation (p<0.0001). These results provide important insights into the potential role of Mo in the prothrombotic sequelae of HIT. Compared to platelets, Mo are relatively resistant to “antigen down-regulation” by heparin and are more likely to bind anti-PF4/GAG HIT antibodies and become activated. The relative resistance of Mo to the dissociation PF4/GAG complexes from the cell surface also suggest a role in the development of Delayed-Onset HIT after heparin withdrawal.
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Oliveira da Silva, Maxbel, and Maria Luisa Duarte. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE RESULTS OF DEATH FROM EXTERNAL CAUSES – BEFORE AND DURING." Perspectivas em medicina legal e pericias medicas 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): e230101. http://dx.doi.org/10.47005/230101.
Abstract:
ntroduction: Deaths from external causes are those that result from an exogenous and harmful action to the individual, or that worsen a preexisting pathological condition, so that there is a cause and effect relationship between aggression and death. These deaths are directly related to human activities, as well as existing environmental phenomena in the world, such as the pandemic that started in December 2019, as a result of covid-19, a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze a possible change in the profile of deaths from external causes based on cadaveric reports from the Instituto Médico Legal Estácio de Lima, in Maceió/AL in a pre-pandemic period (2018 and 2019) and with the pandemic in force (2020 and 2021). Material and method: This was a documentary, epidemiological, descriptive, and analytical study through sampling. The research analyzed a sample of 1824 cadaveric reports from the IML Estácio de Lima archive from 2018 to 2021. Results: Comparing the period 2018-2019, without a pandemic, with the years 2020-2021 in which the pandemic was in progress, the percentage of deaths from external causes increased from 87.83% to 90.13%. The predominant gender was male, ranging from 82.24% to 87.5% of the cases. Homicides increased from 48.46% in the 2018/2019 biennium to 45.94% in the 2020/2021 biennium. Suicides decreased by 0.88%. Deaths from undetermined causes rose from 3.73% in the first biennium analyzed, to 10.42% in the pandemic period. Mechanical energy had the highest prevalence in all years, with the blunt punch instrument being the most prevalent in the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 and the blunt instrument in the year 2021. Discussion: The covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on deaths from external causes in its modalities and variables, in addition to generating changes in the forensic activities of the IML Estácio de Lima, leading to a greater number of deaths from undetermined causes, probably due to the limitations arising from the covid-19 pandemic, such as protocols created to prevent the spread of the virus to those involved in the necroscopic expertise. Conclusion: The covid-19 pandemic changed the social context, human activities and, consequently, the profile of deaths from external causes, due to changes aimed at containing cases of the disease.
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Nelson, Rebecca, Kathy Pan, Rowan Chlebowski, Thomas E. Rohan, Joanne Mortimer, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Dorothy Lane, and Laura Kruper. "Abstract P2-10-04: Breast cancer risk assessment tool (BCRAT) predicted breast cancer incidence and breast cancer mortality in the women's health initiative." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): P2–10–04—P2–10–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p2-10-04.
Abstract:
Abstract Purpose Commonly used breast cancer risk models estimate breast cancer incidence. However, such model performance, re-purposed to predict breast cancer mortality, are largely unknown. Therefore, we examined whether the BCRAT model predicts long-term breast cancer mortality in postmenopausal women in the WHI. Participants and Methods Of 161,808 WHI participants aged 50-79 years, after exclusions,145,408 were in the analysis. BCRAT risk was calculated, with incident breast cancers verified by central medical record review. Breast cancer mortality was related to BCRAT 5-year risk groups (< 1%, 1-2.99%, ≥ 3%) using unadjusted Cox proportional hazard models and in age-stratified, multi-variable models. An addition analysis compared proportion of participants with BCRAT risk ≥ 1.67% and ≥ 3% (former and current prevention thresholds). Results Of 145,408 participants, the ≥1.67% and the ≥3.0% risk groups included 40% and 9% of participants, respectively. Compared to women with BCRAT<1% risk, women with BCRAT ≥ 3% risk had more common breast cancer family history and lower BMI. After 20 years median follow-up, with 8,849 breast cancers and 1,076 deaths from breast cancer, risk of death from breast cancer in BCRAT risk group ≥ 3% was not higher compared to BCRAT risk group <1%. (Hazard Ratio [HR] 1.06 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.80-1.40, P = 0.76). Similarly, risk of death from breast cancer in BCRAT risk group 1-2.99% was not higher compared to BCRAT risk group <1 (HR 1.15 95% CI 0.93-1.43). Conclusions Current guideline recommendation for threshold for endocrine-targeted interventions substantially reduces postmenopausal prevention candidates from 40% to <10%. The BCRAT prediction model, even at the ≥ 3% 5-year risk threshold, does not identify women at significantly increased risk of death from breast cancer. Citation Format: Rebecca Nelson, Kathy Pan, Rowan Chlebowski, Thomas E Rohan, Joanne Mortimer, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Dorothy Lane, Laura Kruper. Breast cancer risk assessment tool (BCRAT) predicted breast cancer incidence and breast cancer mortality in the women's health initiative [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-10-04.
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Tse, Katrina, Sandra Tamm, Leonie Maurer, Colin Espie, and Simon Kyle. "0631 Overnight Emotional Memory in Insomnia versus Good Sleepers." SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2023): A277—A278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.0631.
Abstract:
Abstract Introduction “Sleep to forget and sleep to remember” model postulates that the content of emotional memory is strengthened during sleep while the arousal component is attenuated. Experimental sleep deprivation studies in healthy individuals have supported the model, but it is not known if sleep in individuals with insomnia, a condition of chronic poor sleep, provides the same effect on emotional memory. Methods Individuals reporting insomnia and good sleepers (n = 76 and n = 83 respectively; 83% female, mean age of 43.2 years) completed a picture-rating task to assess a) emotional valence ratings pre and post sleep and b) recognition accuracy post-sleep. In addition, an autobiographical memory task was completed during the day to assess a) the number of recalled memories in a 2-minute period for good and bad past events respectively, and b) emotional intensity ratings of the retrieved memories at the time the event occurred and how they feel now. Results Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to assess group differences. Sleep diary variables on the experimental night showed that individuals with insomnia experienced a significantly more disrupted sleep than good sleepers (SOL: r = 0.537; WASO: r = 0.620; TST: r = 0.669). In the picture-rating task, there was no significant group difference for recognition accuracy (neutral stimuli: r = 0.016; negative stimuli: r = 0.018) or change in emotional valence pre-to-post sleep (neutral stimuli: r = 0.003; negative stimuli: r = 0.008). In the autobiographical memory task, individuals with insomnia remembered significantly fewer good days (r = 0.245) and rated their bad days at the time of its occurrence as significantly worse than good sleepers (r = 0.235). There was no significant group difference in the extent to which emotional intensity faded more for bad days than good days (r = 0.113). Conclusion We have shown that autobiographical memory is altered in insomnia which may have important influence on mental health. Our findings also suggest that overnight memory consolidation for negative stimuli is not affected in insomnia versus good sleepers. This may be a reflection of our one-night protocol; future work is needed across consecutive days. Support (if any) Dr-Mortimer-&-Theresa-Sackler-Foundation
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Lytle, Spencer, Harsharaj Birendrasingh Parmar, Tess Seip, Lijun Zhu, Jian Wang, and Aimy Bazylak. "Nanoscale in-Situ Characterization of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Layers for Improved Water Management." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 37 (December 22, 2023): 1789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02371789mtgabs.
Abstract:
Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) facilitate a sustainable energy infrastructure by offering emission-free electricity generation using renewably sourced hydrogen gas. The electrochemical reactions in a fuel cell occur at platinum-loaded catalyst layers (CLs), which are susceptible to degradation. Obstructing catalyst sites (triple phase boundaries1) with reaction by-products, such as water2,3, is the primary degradation mechanism in PEMFCs. Although various CL designs have been tested for improved electrochemical performance, in situ nanoscale visualization of platinum degradation and water accumulation in the CL at controlled temperature and relative humidity (RH) values are required to understand fundamental water mechanics through platinum and carbon nanostructures. In this work, we employed scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XANES) to evaluate the effect of temperature on pristine and broken-in fuel cell CLs. We developed a novel CL in-situ sample cell to enable nanostructured characterization of catalyst layers using STXM in a controlled temperature environment. Carbon 1s, Fluorine 1s, and Oxygen 1s spectral edges were probed utilizing near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS) to reveal chemical degradation mechanisms and differentiate material structure. Through our custom in-situ cell, we demonstrate that the chemical composition and water accumulation throughout the PEMFC CLs at low, intermediate, and high operating temperatures (25°C, 40°C, and 60°C, respectively) can be quantified, along with thermal expansion analyses of the CL and ionomer membrane. Moreover, we reveal realistic structural and chemical characteristics of nanoscale catalysts by distinguishing regions of Nafion® Ionomer, catalyst carbon support, and platinum throughout the PEMFC’s membrane electrode assembly at industrially relevant fuel cell temperatures. The insights from this work will inform strategies to mitigate water flooding from a nanoscale perspective in addition to the novel in-situ spectromicroscopy characterization of current CL features. 1. Fouzaï, I., Gentil, S., Bassetto, V. C., Silva, W. O., Maher, R., & Girault, H. H. (2021). 9(18), 11096-11123. 2. Li, H., Tang, Y., Wang, Z., Shi, Z., Wu, S., Song, D., ... & Mazza, A. (2008). 178(1), 103-117. 3. Kumsa, D. W., Bhadra, N., Hudak, E. M., Kelley, S. C., Untereker, D. F., & Mortimer, J. T. (2016). 13(5), 052001.
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Wang, Bibo. "Peri-talar Osteotomy as Part of Treatment of Talar Osteochondral Defect of Varus Ankle." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 2473011417S0000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000083.
Abstract:
Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: The etiology of osteochondral defect (OCD) of talus is not fully understood. Besides trauma, malalignment of ankle or hindfoot may play a role in the development of OCD. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of peri-talar osteotomy in addition to routine treatment of OCD of talus. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 52 cases of varus talar OCD during the period of 2009.9 to 2014.12. Micro-fracture or autograft transplantation were applied for the OCD first according to the dimension of the lesion in all cases. Then peri-talar osteotomy were performed to correct ankle or hindfoot mal-alignment in 26 cases according to the position of varus deformity, including 18 supramalleolar osteotomy, 6 calcaneal osteotomy and 2 combined distal tibial and calcaneal double osteotomy. Pre- and post-operative radiographic parameters of TAS, TTS, TLS angles and MoA were measured on mortise view, lateral view and hindfoot alignment view respectively. AOFAS-AH score, VAS score and SF36 score were performed to assess both subjective and objective outcome. Results: For the osteotomy group, there were statistically changes (P < 0.05) radiographically (TAS, TTS, MoA, TLS) after surgery. While the radiographic parameters didn’t change in the group without corrective osteotomy. AOFAS-AH score and VAS score increased significantly (P < 0.05) in both the osteotomy group and the non-osteotomy group. The SF36 scores score increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the osteotomy group while not significant in the non-osteotomy group. The AOFAS-AH and SF36 scores were statistically higher in the osteotomy group after surgery (p<0.05), and the VAS score were not statistically different in two groups. There were 5 out of 26 revised cases in the non-osteotomy group while 2 out of 26 revised cases in the osteotomy group. Conclusion: Peri-talar osteotomy in addition to routine treatment of OCD of talus results in better radiographic and functional outcome and lower recurrence for patients of varus talar osteochondral defect. Mechanical malalignment may contribute to progression of OCD of talus and thus should be corrected simultaneously.
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Mortimer, Joanne, James Waisman, Yuan, Sayeh Lavasani, Daphne Stewart, Mina Sedrak, Niki Patel, et al. "Abstract P4-11-12: Integrating the patient and partner distress and perceptions about prognosis in women with metastatic breast cancer guides the medical oncology consultation." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): P4–11–12—P4–11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p4-11-12.
Abstract:
Abstract Methods: Women with metastatic breast cancer and their partners completed couples’ tailored biopsychosocial screening and alignment in perception of prognosis immediately before consultation with a Medical Oncologist. In addition, couples were offered a standardized couples’ session before the medical consultation, individual couples’ counseling, and a strengths-based group intervention. As a component of biopsychosocial screening, each patient and her partner were asked individually their understanding of prognosis. They were asked their perception of likelihood of cure with supporting text and percentages provided: 76-100%; 51-75%; 26-50%, or 0-25%. Results: To date 254 women were considered eligible for this program. Complete data for both partners is available on 205. All the patients had metastatic breast cancer prior to their Medical Oncology appointment. The average age of the patient was 54 years (Range 25-84) and 55 years (Range 26-84) for the partner. In the perception of prognosis, 48.7% of patients and their partner were aligned and 51.3% were misaligned. The patient was more likely to have considered their prognosis worse in 59% and the partner 41%. The most commonly endorsed distress items for the patient were: Worry about the future 61%; Side effects of treatment 60%; Fatigue 59%; How my family will cope 58%; and Sleeping 49%. Distress for the partner included: Feeling anxious or fearful 49%; Wanting to best help my partner 37% and Sleeping 37%. Both the patient and partner sought assistance with Understanding treatment options 73.6%; Feeling anxious or fearful 62.5%, Worry about the future 57.3% Fatigue 56.3%, and Pain 56.3%- Partner practical distress was significantly higher for those couples who were not in alignment, p<.05. Conclusions: It is possible to openly ask patients and their partners about prognosis. In women with metastatic breast cancer, lack of alignment with understanding prognosis was common with the patient being more likely to have realistic expectations than their partner. A better understanding of the patient/partner’s expectations about treatment outcome has the potential to guide the Medical Oncologist to individualize communications including discussion about goals of care. Citation Format: Joanne Mortimer, James Waisman, Yuan, Sayeh Lavasani, Daphne Stewart, Mina Sedrak, Niki Patel, Courtney Bitz, Karen Clark, Marianne Razavi, Matthew J Loscalzo. Integrating the patient and partner distress and perceptions about prognosis in women with metastatic breast cancer guides the medical oncology consultation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-11-12.
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Mortimer, Joanne, Kimberly Romig, Claudia Cuevas, Lynne Thomas, James Waisman, Karen Clark, Marianne Razavi, and Matthew Loscalzo. "Abstract PO4-11-05: The “Couples Coping with Cancer Together Program” provides insight into individual’s distress and an opportunity to discuss prognosis in a manner that is normalized as standard of care." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (May 2, 2024): PO4–11–05—PO4–11–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po4-11-05.
Abstract:
Abstract Background: For both the patient and their partner, high levels of cohesion/communication are beneficial to coping with cancer. Prognosis alignment in couples has implications for medical care and end of life planning. The objectives of this study were to: assess areas of psychosocial distress endorsed by the patient and her partner and to determine each individual’s understanding of prognosis. Methods: Women with metastatic breast cancer and their partners completed a couples’ tailored biopsychosocial screening and alignment in perception of prognosis immediately before the initial consultation with a Medical Oncologist. In addition, the couples were offered a standardized couples’ session before the medical consultation, individual couples’ counseling, and a strengths-based group intervention. As a component of biopsychosocial screening, each patient and her partner were asked individually their understanding of the patient’s prognosis as “What is your understanding of the medical situation?” They were asked their understanding of the likelihood of cure with supporting text and percentages provided: 76-100%; 51-75%; 26-50%, or 0-25%. Results: To date 241 women and their partners are included in this analysis. All the patients had metastatic breast cancer and were being evaluated by a Medical Oncologist. The majority of the patients, 67%, were > 50 years of age (Range 18-79years), 85% had an advanced degree (> high school); 93% selected English as their preferred language, and 100% completed the prognosis question. Five of the top 10 causes of distress were shared by the patient and her partner. These included: Feeling anxious or fearful, worry about the future, sleeping, fatigue, and managing multiple demands. Additional concerns of the patient included: side effects of treatment, understanding my treatment options, how my family will cope, fear of medical procedures and physical appearance. The partners endorsed: Best help my partner, losing control, talk about end of life, feeling down and depressed, and finances. The partner understood the prognosis to be more favorable than the patient. Conclusions: It is feasible to introduce a prognosis question for both patient and her partner as standard of care. Given the importance of open communication amongst the patient, partner, and physician regarding advanced care planning, there is the potential to decrease the devastation of decisional regret in both patient and partner. Citation Format: Joanne Mortimer, Kimberly Romig, Claudia Cuevas, Lynne Thomas, James Waisman, Karen Clark, Marianne Razavi, Matthew Loscalzo. The “Couples Coping with Cancer Together Program” provides insight into individual’s distress and an opportunity to discuss prognosis in a manner that is normalized as standard of care [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO4-11-05.
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Vasileff, Chris, Ryan Nowatzke, Andrew Ostosh, John Anderson, Donald Bohay, John Maskill, and Michelle Padley. "Assessing Lateral Ankle Instability Following Modified Brostrom Procedure." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 2473011417S0003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000396.
Abstract:
Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: The modified Brostrom procedure obtained excellent to good results in 80% of patients treated for lateral ankle instability, making it one of the most common procedures for the treatment of this injury. In patients with a gastrocnemius contracture, however, the modified Brostrom repair leaves the narrower posterior talar dome held within the mortise. This decreased bony contact reduces stability and may be perceived by patients as continued instability post-operatively. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that performing a gastrocnemius recession in conjunction with a modified Brostrom will increase the degree of stability of the ankle. This is the first study of its kind to our knowledge and hopes to further our knowledge of the functional improvements in the treatment of lateral ankle instability. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review with patients from the Orthopedic Associates of Michigan. 414 total patients in total with 82 who received gastrocnemius recession in conjunction with modified Bröstrom were evaluated for the purposes of this study. All patients were at least 14 years of age. Patients must have undergone a modified Brostrom procedure at a Spectrum Health or Metro Health facility from 1/1/2002 – 12/31/12 by performed Drs. Anderson, Bohay, or Maskill. Results: The mean age of all of the patients was 34.98 years (range 14-79). Pre-operatively, average AOFAS pain score for patients receiving modified Brostrom in isolation was 20.33, patients receiving concomitant gastrocnemius recession was 17.07. Post-operatively, average AOFAS pain score for patients receiving modified Brostrom in isolation was 32.29, patients receiving concomitant gastrocnemius recession was 32.44. Pre-operatively, proportion of patients meeting AOFAS stability criteria for those receiving modified Brostrom in isolation was 9.8%, those receiving concomitant gastrocnemius recession was 13.4%. Post- operatively, proportion of patients meeting AOFAS stability criteria for those receiving modified Brostrom in isolation was 76.8%, those receiving concomitant gastrocnemius recession was 86.6%. Conclusion: Patients receiving a concomitant gastrocnemius recession in addition to their modified Brostrom had increased pain pre-operatively but equivalent pain levels post-operatively compared to those who received a modified Brostrom in isolation. Additionally, there was a clinically significant increase in the percentage of patients with post-operative stability in those who received the gastrocnemius recession.
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Nicolau, Antoniu, Mihai Alin Pop, and Camelia Coșereanu. "3D Printing Application in Wood Furniture Components Assembling." Materials 15, no. 8 (April 15, 2022): 2907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082907.
Abstract:
Additive manufacturing (AM) is used in many fields and is a method used to replace wood components or wood-jointed furniture components in the furniture industry. Replacing wood joints by 3D printed connectors would be an advantage, considering the fact that during the process of assembling furniture, the execution technology of the joints is difficult, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. Advanced technology of AM applied in furniture manufacturing helps the designers to create new concepts of product design, with no limits of shape, number of joints, color, or size. The diversity of 3D printers and AM technologies provides the selection of materials in relation with the applicability of the 3D printed object. In this respect, the objective of the present research is to design a 3D printed connector to be used for jointing three chair components, namely the leg and two stretchers made from larch (Larix decidua Mill.) wood, and to use reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) fiberglass (20 wt. %) filament for 3D printing this connector using AM with fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology. The design of the connector, the possibility of using this type of material, and the deposition method of filament were investigated in this research. For this purpose, several evaluation methods were applied: microscopic investigation with 50×, 100×, and 200× magnifications, both of the filament and of the 3D printed connector; mechanical testing of corner joint formed with the help of connector between chair leg and the two stretchers; and a microscopic investigation of the connectors’ defects that occurred after applying the compression and tensile loads on the diagonal direction of the L-type joint. The microscopic investigation of the composite filament revealed the agglomerations of glass fibers into the core matrix and areas where the distribution of the reinforcements was poor. The heterogeneous structure of the filament and the defects highlighted in the 3D printed connectors by the microscopic investigation contributed to the mechanical behavior of L-type connecting joints. The bending moments resulting from compression and tensile tests of the 3D printed connectors were compared to the results recorded after testing, under the same conditions, the normal mortise–tenon joint used to assemble the abovementioned chair components. The larch wood strength influenced the mechanical results and the conclusions of the microscopic investigations, as well as the analysis of the broken connectors after testing recommended the change of connector design and filament deposition direction.
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McCormack, Daniel, Sayyied J. Kirmani, Sheweidin Aziz, Radwane Faroug, and Jitendra Mangwani. "The Role of Deep Deltoid Ligament in Ankle Fracture Stability: A Biomechanical Cadaveric Study." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 2473011420S0035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00350.
Abstract:
Category: Ankle; Basic Sciences/Biologics; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Supination-external rotation (SER) injuries make up 80% of all ankle fractures. SER stage 2 injuries (AITFL and Weber B) are considered stable. SER stage 3 injury includes disruption of the posterior malleolus (or PITFL). In SER stage 4 there is either medial malleolus fracture or deltoid injury. SER 4 injuries have been considered unstable, requiring surgery. The deltoid ligament is a key component of ankle stability, but clinical tests to assess deltoid injury have low specificity. This biomechanical cadaveric study specifically investigates the role of the components of the deep deltoid ligament in the stabillity of SER ankle fractures. Methods: In the first phase of the study, three specimens were utilised to standardise dissection of the deltoid ligament and creation and fixation of SER ankle fracture. In phase two, four matched pairs (8 specimens) were tested using this standardised protocol (Figure1). Specimens were sequentially tested for stability when axially loaded with a custom rig with up to 750N. Specimens were tested with: ankle intact; lateral injury (AITFL and Weber B); additional posterior injury (PITFL); additional anterior deep deltoid; additional posterior deep deltoid; lateral side ORIF. Clinical photographs and radiographs were recorded at each stage. In addition, dynamic stress radiographs were performed after sectioning the deep deltoid and following fracture fixation to assess talar tilt in eversion. Results: All specimens behaved in an identical manner when subjected to this standardised protocol. When the posterior deep deltoid ligament was intact, the ankle remained stable when loaded and showed no talar tilt on dynamic stress test. Once the posterior deep deltoid ligament was sectioned, there was demonstrable instability in all specimens. Surgical stabilisation of the lateral side using standard technique with a plate prevented talar shift but not talar tilt. In adequately stabilised ankle specimens, there was no loss of fixation on axial loading. Conclusion: This biomechanical cadaveric experiment demonstrates that under the standardised test conditions, all SER fracture ankle specimens with an intact posterior deep deltoid ligament behaved as stable injuries. The posterior portion of the deep deltoid ligament is a crucial structure in conferring stability to SER stage 4 injuries. The clinical implication of this is that when the posterior deep deltoid ligament is intact, SER fractures may be managed without surgical intervention in a plantigrade cast. We also conclude that without immobilisation, the talus may tilt in the mortise risking long-term deltoid incompetence.