Academic literature on the topic 'Mortality – Economic aspects – Statistics'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mortality – Economic aspects – Statistics"
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Ciunel, Stefanita, Cristian Klement, and Mihai Constantin Clinciu. "Aspects of Side Impact Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 896 (February 2020): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.896.133.
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According to official statistics, road transport is one of the most dangerous and costly in terms of life and costs of hospitalization and post-accident medication. Thus, safety is a matter of great interest at national level and, perhaps internationally. Road safety on public roads in Romania is low compared to international standards. The mortality rate is more than twice the EU average. Given that road traffic and victim maintenance costs are a real economic problem, a European harmonization of the recording and assessment of events involving the bodily injuries of those involved in road events is necessary. Road events are one of the main causes of mortality in modern society. For this reason, the safety of motor vehicles has become the most important issue in their development. Road traffic injuries are a problem that can be controlled by proper attention to traffic avoidance strategies. Side impact is the second major cause of mortality and injury after frontal impact in road traffic analysis.
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Tsvetkova, Antoaneta, and Silvia Mihaylova. "SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE INCREASING INCIDENCE OF DIABETES IN VARNA AND BULGARIA." Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) 27, no. 3 (September 24, 2021): 3978–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2021273.3978.
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Objective: The impact of socio-economic factors on the increased incidence of chronic diseases requires changes in the policy of health authorities. In view of that, the study tried to investigate the role and consequences of those factors on T2DM and thus contribute to future development of comprehensive programmes for screening, diagnostics and treatment. Methods and materials: Forecasting the incidence rates of diabetes on a national and regional scale using regression analysis of results from municipal programs between 2015 and 2019 in Varna. The following models were studied: linear, cubic, quadratic, exponential, logarithmic, power, growth and inversion. Data processing and analysis were performed with the software set SPSS Statistics and graphical analysis with Microsoft Excel. Results: A constant rise in the number of diabetes cases was identified. At national level, mortality among females was higher than mortality in males, while at local level (Varna), such correlation was not established. Costs for the studied groups steadily increased during the studied period. Healthcare services for people with diabetes mellitus cost 2.5 times more than that of people without diabetes of the same age group.
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Choynzonov, Evgeny L., Lilia D. Zhuikova, Olga A. Ananina, Irina N. Odintsova, and Lidia V. Pikalova. "Lung cancer in the Tomsk region (epidemiological aspects)." Journal of Modern Oncology 21, no. 2 (June 15, 2019): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2019.2.190413.
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Aim. To study the incidence and mortality of lung cancer (LC) in the Tomsk region and to assess the economic damage. Materials and methods. The population-based cancer registry data collected at Tomsk Regional Cancer Center and the Federal State Statistics for 2007-2017 were used. The extensive, intensive and standardized variables were analyzed. Results. LC was the 4-th most common cancer, comprising 10.4% (10.1% in the RF) of all cancer cases in the Tomsk region in 2017. It ranked as the first most prevalent cancer for men (17.0%) and the 6-th for women (4.7%). The LC incidence rate decreased by 19.6%, reaching 29.5±1.3 per 100 000 (р=0.0149). It decreased in men (р=0.0006) but was stable in women. In 2017, the lifetime risk of cancer was higher in the Tomsk region than that in the RF, being 7.3% for men and 1.5% for women. LC was the most common cause of mortality from cancer for both sexes (18.9%), being the most common in men (28.1%) and the 4-th most common in women (8.0%). The mortality rate was higher in men than in women (55.6 versus 6.0; р=0.0012). In 2016, the total loss of the life potential in men amounted to 8.4 thousand, for women - 2.5 thousand man-years. Economic damage in the form of conditionally non-produced national income was growing and in 2016 amounted to 263.7 million rubles. Conclusion. Epidemiological analysis of LC in the Tomsk region indicates the relevance of improving the anticancer struggle with the development and implementation of ideas aimed at increasing the cancer literacy of the population and the alertness of primary care physicians, the formation and monitoring of risk groups, the timely routing of patients with suspected cancer.
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Akhedzhak-Naguze, Saida K., Tatyana A. Shiltsova, Adam A. Naguze, Saida A. Khuako, Bella R. Khurum, Valeriya A. Kuksina, and Milana N. Lavrinenko. "Key regional aspects of public health of Krasnodar Krai for 2018–2020." Medical Journal of the Russian Federation 28, no. 6 (January 3, 2023): 431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/medjrf112357.
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BACKGROUND: The regional dimension of public health is one characteristic of public health that reflects the effectiveness of social and economic change in society. The key components of which are health and demographic indicators. The regions current demographic situation is an essential component of comprehensive medical and social research. Health and demographic indicators describe the dynamics, state, and prospects of social and economic changes in health and society as a whole. The increase in the population and labor resources due to migration growth, the increase in mortality rates, the decline in the birth rate, and the aging of the nation presupposes the development and implementation of additional medico-demographic approaches to the strategic development of the region.
AIMS: Аnalysis of key indicators of public health of Krasnodar Krai, including the main medico-demographic indicators in the dynamics for 20182020.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis on some aspects of the regions public health for 20182020 was conducted. Included in the development are medico-demographic indicators of the population, fertility, mortality, natural increase (losses), and so forth, in the dynamics for 20182020. Data from the Federal Service of State Statistics and statistical data of reporting forms of medical organizations of Krasnodar Krai Information about medical organization (p. 30) were used in the study for the period under consideration. The study applied statistical, analytical, and descriptive methods. The statistical processing of the material was carried out with the help of Microsoft Office software package.
RESULTS: Analysis of key regional medico-demographic indicators of Krasnodar Krai for the analyzed period from 2018 to 2020 has made it possible to identify population growth. These indicators include the increase in migration, the number of children, the population under working age, women of childbearing age, the decrease in the total and total fertility rates, the population of working age, and the increase in the overall mortality rate, which includes the working age and population loss. Diseases of the circulatory system, the nervous system, and neoplasm took the largest share in the structure of mortality in 2020. In the structure of mortality, diseases of the circulatory system, nervous system, and neoplasm took the largest share. One of the reasons for the increase in total mortality in 2020 was the death rate from COVID-19.
CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of the main medico-demographic indicators as one of the key components of public health of Krasnodar Krai for 20182020 has been conducted.
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Avilkina, S. V. "Theoretical and Methodological Aspects of Analyzing the Impact of the Higher Education System on Regional Socio-Economic Development." Economics and Management 27, no. 8 (September 21, 2021): 640–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2021-8-640-653.
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Aim. The presented study summarizes the results of the analysis of modern approaches to assessing the higher education system in terms of its impact on the social and economic indicators of a region, describing a stakeholder approach to the classification of factors of a university’s influence on regional development.Tasks. The study aims to consider approaches to examining the activities of universities in the context of their impact on the development of a territory; to comparatively analyze social and economic indicators of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the education level of the employed population; to update the list of groups of stakeholders of the higher education system and to describe the parameters of university influence on the objects of one of the groups.Methods. This study analyzes the existing approaches of Russian and foreign researchers to assessing the contribution of the higher education system to socio-economic development as well as official statistics on the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.Results. A considerable number of diverse factors characterizing the influence of the higher education system on socio-economic development are identified. The authors describe the contribution of universities to the development of human capital, innovative and economic development, social policy and environmental well-being of the region. It is noted that the university’s academic reputation affects the competitiveness of the city and facilitates active international cooperation. A comparison of statistics on the proportion of employees with higher education among the working population (DHE) with various indicators of economic and social development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation shows that many regions with a more skilled workforce have higher gross regional product (GRP) per capita, higher life expectancy at birth, and lower working-age mortality than regions with low DHE. There are also negative trends in the higher education system, such as the declining number of university teaching staff over the last ten years. A stakeholder approach to the classification of factors of university influence on regional development is proposed. A group of stakeholders of the higher education system defined as “society” is introduced. The parameters of university influence on this group are described.Conclusions. The existing influence of universities on the socio-economic development of territories makes it necessary to put issues related to creating conditions for the optimization of interaction between various groups of stakeholders of the higher education system on the federal and regional agendas.
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Milano, Anthony F., and Gill P. Beck. "Medical Malpractice Defense: The Predictive and Protective Power of Mortality, Survival, and Life Expectancy." Journal of Insurance Medicine 48, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17849/insm-48-1-1-5.1.
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Introduction.—The defense of medical malpractice presents a significant challenge to Assistant United States Attorneys (AUSAs). A medical malpractice claim consists of proof of: (1) duty, (2) breach of the duty, (3) causation, and (4) damages. Often the breach of the duty and the causation elements present complex medical issues involving multiple specialties and subspecialties of medicine. A considerable amount of time is required to prepare the defense pertaining to the alleged breach of the duty and causation elements. The damages aspect of the medical malpractice case is often not given equal treatment and may not be fully developed. As a result, damage awards can be surprisingly high once the breach of the standard of care and the causation defenses fail. Purpose.—The purpose of this article is to underscore the importance of developing the damages aspect of the case. This article will demonstrate through a case study the power of using fact-based medical-actuarial risk statistics and life expectancy testimony to limit, by thousands if not millions of dollars, economic damages to impairment-specific “years of life lost” in medical-malpractice torts. The important points to remember are that from the moment a case is assigned to an AUSA, the AUSA must: (1) focus as much, if not more, attention on damages; (2) execute a discovery strategy that ensures all aspects of damages are thoroughly investigated; and (3) retain the appropriate experts, including, in appropriate cases, an expert on medical risk appraisal and life expectancy.
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Mohamed, Yufenyuy, and Nguetsop Victor François. "Climate Variability and the Emergence of Malaria: Case of Kumbo Central Sub-Division, North West Region, Cameroon." International Journal of Global Sustainability 4, no. 1 (November 28, 2020): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijgs.v4i1.17263.
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Climate variability and change is a major driver of infectious diseases around the world. This study sought to investigate the role of climate variability on the emergence of malaria in the North West region of Cameroon. Both biophysical and socio-economic data were collected for this study. Biophysical data, mainly secondary, was collected from meteorological stations (rainfall and temperature data) and hospitals (malaria morbidity and mortality statistics) in the study area. Socio-economic data were collected from primary sources, mainly, survey of households and hospitals, using semi-structured questionnaires. A total of 164 questionnaires were distributed amongst medical personnel and the general public (aged 18-70 years). Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that patterns of fluctuation in climate parameters did not have a perfect match with rates of prevalence of malaria. However, some relatively significant correlation was found to exist between certain aspects of climate and rates of prevalence of malaria. It was noted that other drivers are involved in influencing rates of prevalence of malaria besides climate variability and change. Amongst the impacts of malaria prevalence on the population were high rates of morbidity and mortality. The population employed treated mosquito bed nets as the main coping strategy for fighting against malaria. The study recommends that the health sector should incorporate the phenomena of climate variability and change into its policy framework, and more research should be conducted to assess other drivers of malaria prevalence in north western Cameroon.
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Sheykhi, Mohammad Taghi. "Asian Perspective of Population 2019: A Sociological Appraisal." SIASAT 4, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/siasat.v4i2.50.
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The present attempt fulfills the urgent need of researchers in the valuable field of sociology, economics and statistics. The author has gathered the material from various sources of population data. As data on fertility, mortality and migration are ever changing, sociologists and demographers need to compare and analyze population change and structure every now and then, to introduce and build up new strategies leading to favorable population status. In this way, remedies and reforms could be reached wherever possible. In order to enable the readers to have a comparative image of growth of population in Asia, an abridged table has been provided. Such a comparative study is necessary to understand population problems in Asia with about 60% of world population. Factors affecting population distribution are know as geographic, social, economic and demographic. One of the most important aspects of population study in modern time is the tempo of urbanization which is the result of population growth.
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Sheykhi, Mohammad Taghi. "Asian Perspective of Population 2019: A Sociological Appraisal." SIASAT 5, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/siasat.v5i2.50.
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The present attempt fulfills the urgent need of researchers in the valuable field of sociology, economics and statistics. The author has gathered the material from various sources of population data. As data on fertility, mortality and migration are ever changing, sociologists and demographers need to compare and analyze population change and structure every now and then, to introduce and build up new strategies leading to favorable population status. In this way, remedies and reforms could be reached wherever possible. In order to enable the readers to have a comparative image of growth of population in Asia, an abridged table has been provided. Such a comparative study is necessary to understand population problems in Asia with about 60% of world population. Factors affecting population distribution are know as geographic, social, economic and demographic. One of the most important aspects of population study in modern time is the tempo of urbanization which is the result of population growth.
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Odiņa, Indra, and Inga Zeide. "THE THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF WELL-BEING IN THE CONTEXT OF LIFELONG LEARNING." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 2 (May 26, 2017): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2017vol2.2376.
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In 2006 the European Parliament and European Union Council has defined eight key competences for lifelong learning, necessary for personal fulfillment and development, active citizenship, social inclusion and employment. Since the economic crisis of 2008, the world is looking for new ways and methods to ensure the well-fare and reformulate the value of human life. Currently at EU level, one of the most important debates closely connected with the basic context of lifelong learning is on the dimensions of life quality.
The desk study deals with the qualitative content analysis of the documents of EU, OECD, data of the projects of Office of National Statistics in Latvia, the U.K. and Germany, research of Ruff (1995), Rath and Harter (2010), Layard (2005), Rohr (2014), etc. The dimensions of life quality in different sources and by different authors have been defined similarly indicating that the qualitative indicators are as important as the quantitative. It is clear that the quality of life cannot be measured only by quantitative indicators such as income or birth / mortality. This article discusses the theoretical aspects of such dimension of life quality as well-being in different sources, compares and analyses them in the Latvian context.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mortality – Economic aspects – Statistics"
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Trausch, Gérard J. "Etude approfondie de la mortalité au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg: méthodes statistiques, analyse des conséquences socio-économiques, recherches de méthodes d'analyse avec application à la statistique luxembourgeoise depuis 1900." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213421.
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Exeter, Daniel J. "A small area analysis of mortality inequalities in Scotland, 1980-2001." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14059.
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This thesis examines the changing patterns of mortality in Scotland, with particular emphasis on whether there are widening mortality inequalities among small areas in Scotland. The annual number of deaths in Scotland has decreased steadily since the 1950s, yet mortality rates in Scotland are amongst the highest in Europe for many causes. Furthermore, mortality from some causes, such as suicide, has been increasing over time, particularly among young adults. Evidence suggests that inequalities in mortality have widened over time in Scotland, despite substantial investment in policies aimed at reducing inequalities. Therefore, it is important to seek geographical clues that might help explain what causes these high mortality rates. The changing patterns in Scottish mortality between 1980 and 2001 were examined for small areas, created by the author, known as Consistent Areas Through Time (CATTs). These areas have the same boundaries for each census, so that direct comparisons over time are possible. In this study, CATTs have been used to investigate three aspects of the mortality gap in Scotland. First, the widening mortality gaps between 1980-1982 and 1999-2001 are examined for the total population and for premature mortality (<65 years). Second, the influence that geographic scale and deprivation have on the relationship between population change and premature mortality are assessed. Third, suicide inequalities are examined for the younger (15-44 years), older (45+) and total population, using mortality ratios and statistical modelling. The research found that inequalities in premature mortality (< 65) have widened for all causes of death studied, particularly for suicide. The negative association between mortality and population change was affected by geographic scale, but this relationship could not be fully explained by deprivation. Small area analyses found that the Highlands and Islands had higher suicide rates than elsewhere in Scotland for males, but not females, when social variables were controlled for.
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Ma, Ke, and 马可. "Associations of economic indicators and different cause-specific mortalities in the world." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193802.
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Objective
The objective of the present study is to explore the associations of health expenditures and cause-specific mortality among countries at different stages of economic development.
Methodology
Scatter plot and simple linear regression were used to estimate whether there was an association between health expenditures and cause-specific mortality. The statistical significance levels were set at p < 0.05. Mortalities due to all causes, and three specific causes of the global burden of disease (GBD) were used. The three kinds of cause-specific mortalities were: communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions (CMPN), non-communicable disease and injuries. Countries were grouped into four income groups according to the standard issued by World Bank in 2012.
Result
This study suggested general government expenditure on health, as a percentage of total government expenditure, was inversely associated with the three cause-specific mortalities, especially in high income group.
Conclusion: This study showed an inverse association between healthcare expenditure and cause-specific mortalities. The Law of Health Transition has been once again evidenced. In developed countries, non-communicable diseases contributed to more deaths compared with mortality from communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions (CMPN). While in less-developed countries, they were facing higher mortalities; CMPN was still a major cause of death, especially among children.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
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Yates, Megan Amy. "Inequalities in mortality amenable to healthcare intervention in Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30905/.
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Mortality amenable to health care intervention are premature deaths which, theoretically, should not occur in the presence of timely and effective health care. As Scotland has a universal health care system, where health care is freely provided at the point of access to all residents, there should be no socioeconomic inequalities in rates of amenable mortality (AM). However, gradients in rates of AM have been found in many countries, using various measures of socioeconomic position. The routine monitoring of rates of AM, and subgroups of amenable conditions, will contribute towards an indicator of health care performance. Records of all deaths occurring between 1980 and 2013, records of hospitalisations for amenable conditions, and mid-year population estimates were used to calculate rates of age standardised mortality and incident hospitalisations respectively. Absolute and relative inequalities in both rates for the total population were estimated using an area based measure of material deprivation, the Carstairs index. Individual level measurements of socioeconomic position, such as educational attainment, were used to measure inequalities in rates of deaths for a sample of the population, allowing for some comparison with European countries. Rates of AM in Scotland and England were compared in two natural experiments in the final two chapters, aiming to explore the direct and indirect effects of policy changes on health care systems abilities to effectively prevent amenable deaths. Rates of AM in Scotland have been found to be decreasing for both men and women. Mortality rates within two of the three subgroups of amenable conditions have also declined, with the third having too few deaths to comment on trends. The rates of incident hospitalisations of amenable conditions between 1996 and 2013 have remained relatively stable, suggesting that rates of AM may be reflecting improvements in the detection, treatment, and management of amenable conditions. Absolute and relative inequalities in mortality rates were largest when estimated using educational attainment, whilst occupational measures produced the smallest inequalities. The rate of decline in rates of AM slowed in Scotland, relative to England, following devolution, however the attempts to adequately control for differing levels of deprivation were unsuccessful. The final chapter saw step increase in rates of AM in England, compared to Scotland, following the publication of a White Paper for the Health and Social Care Act - however, this failed to reach statistical significance. This thesis concludes that the continued study of amenable mortality in Scotland is worthwhile, given that mortality rates continued to decline against stable rates of incident hospitalisations, and relative inequalities in mortality rates were found to be increasing, despite decreasing absolute inequalities. The monitoring of inequalities in rates of AM provides the potential for weaknesses in the provision and delivery of care to be identified and corrected.
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Davies, Carolyn A. "Spatial multilevel modelling of cancer mortality in Europe." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2005. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4782/.
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van, Zyl Johan, Bach Helmke Sartorius von, and Johann Kirsten. "Internal environment: the agricultural sector in Region E." University of Pretoria, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/68792.
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The main purpose of this report is to conduct an analysis with a view to determine the potential role and contribution of agriculture in region E. This report emphasises the agricultural impact in determining an economic development strategy for region E. It is therefore the aim of this report to provide a brief situation analysis and an interpretation of existing problems affecting development. The importance of the sector, implications of the spacial distribution, the structure, potential growth and the policy environment will be addressed. From the above, constraints, bottlenecks, the likely future demand, etc will be pointed out. The interpretation of the above and its implications for development is necessary to determine objectives for the aimed strategy. The strategy for region E is necessary in determining policies stressing economic growth and fair distribution of resources to enable the mass of the population to share in increased wealth and economic opportunities.Region E economic development study
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Ng, Christi Fontain Ashley. "Effect of socioeconomic factors on pneumonia and influenza mortality in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49616262.
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Background
Pneumonia and influenza (P&I) infections have been increasing substantially over the past decade and have been attributed to high morbidity and mortality rates. P&I are particularly prevalent amongst the young and elderly populations, but there may be additional vulnerable groups due to socioeconomic disparities that are also at high risk. Health inequalities can oftentimes be linked to socioeconomic inequities. Identifying these groups is essential for lowering P&I mortality rates, which can be addressed via hand washing, vaccination and effective pharmaceuticals. In Hong Kong, the income gap between the poor and wealthy has been on the rise. Inequalities that exist in one socioeconomic factor like income may also exist among other factors as well. Thus constructing a socioeconomic deprivation index (SDI) can be a more powerful and comprehensive indicator than income alone.
Objective
To examine the effect of tertiary planning unit (TPU)-level socioeconomic deprivation on pneumonia and influenza mortality in Hong Kong.
Method
This is an ecological study using population census statistics from 2001, 2006 and 2011, along with P&I mortality data from the beginning of 2001 to the end of 2010, which were retrieved from the Hong Kong Census and Statistics Department. The census data was used to construct individual TPU SDI scores. Crude and directly standardised mortality rates by age for the underlying cause of P&I were calculated and stratified by gender. The SDI scores were divided into quantiles, which were then analysed for associations with P&I mortality rates using ANOVA. Standardised mortality ratios were also derived to estimate relative risk across SDI.
Results
A total of 186 TPU clusters from each year were used in the analysis. There were a total number of 42208 deaths with the underlying cause of pneumonia and influenza from 2001 to 2010. The crude rate for both genders in 2001 was 42.4 per 100,000 persons. In 2010 this rate had increased to 84.3 per 100,000 persons. After adjusting for age, the rate increased from 60.4 to 86.6 per 100,000 persons, respectively. A positive trend was observed in both men and women, though rates were higher in men than in women. There was a strong positive association between SDI and CMRs (p<0.001) for the entire study period. However, after adjusting for age the effect was no longer statistically significant (p=0.376).
Conclusion
The statistically significant results from the crude mortality rates were due to the confounding effects by age. The high-SDI TPUs seem to a higher proportion of older age groups, which contributed to such high crude mortality rates, but lower standardised mortality rates. Even though P&I mortality was not observed to be associated with SDI, it was associated with age. Therefore geographical areas with a high proportion of older people should be more strongly targeted for public health strategies and health promotion.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
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Castro, Lyndon Troy. "The variations in health maintenance organization (HMO) and Medicaid mortality and preventable readmissions." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1307.
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The rising costs of health care and burgeoning government deficits have prompted new ways to control costs, while continuing to provide necessary health care. One method increasingly chosen by states to achieve these objectives is managed health care. There are many forms of managed care organization today. There are HMOs that provide the financing and delivery systems under the control of a single for-profit or non-profit organization; preferred provider organizations consisting of providers that have a pre-negotiated and usually discounted rate for services; administration service organizations that provide claims adjudication; and managed indemnity services organizations that use case management to control costs, while providing beneficiary freedom of choice.
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Keita, Abdoulaye. "The relative ecological effectiveness and economic efficiency of four wastewater treatment plants in East Central Indiana." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1177978.
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The study was conducted to investigate the ecological effectiveness and economicefficiency of four wastewater treatment plants in East Central Indiana (Muncie, Anderson, Alexandria, and Paws). Data were collected from the four plants, then analyzed descriptively and statistically, and compared in terms of ecological effectiveness and economic efficiency. The Muncie, Anderson, and Paws wastewater treatment facilities were not significantly different from one another in terms of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) reductions, but each reduced BOD5 more than the Alexandria facility over the three- year period (1996, 1997, and 1998). Plants were not statistically different regarding suspended solids (SS) reductions. The Muncie, Anderson, and Paws wastewater treatment plants were also not significantly different from one another on ammonia reduction, but each plant reduced ammonia significantly more than Alexandria. Muncie and Anderson were not different from each other on dissolved oxygen (DO) levels, but each had a statistically higher level of DO in the final effluent than Alexandria and Paws. The study showed a statistically significant difference in fecal coliform bacteria abatement between Anderson and Alexandria, Anderson and Paws, and Muncie and Alexandria. Furthermore, Muncie, Anderson and Alexandria were different in terms of cost per 1000 gallons of wastewater treated. Muncie has been treating wastewater at a lower cost than the other treatment plants, whereas Anderson had a higher cost over the three-year period.Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management
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Hong, Lei, and 洪镭. "The association of dietary habits and socioeconomic factors with dietary related causes of death." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50561674.
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Background：
Previous studies indicated that dietary habit or food-purchasing behaviors was associated with socioeconomic status. However, there is no study about potential association between social economic factors (individual and neighborhood levels) and dietary related mortality risks.
Objective:
1) To provide population based information on food consumption pattern among Hong Kong people from a diversity of socio-economic background.
2) Investigate the dietary habits and different food related death in Hong Kong people who were 65 or over.
3) Investigate the association of socioeconomic factors and food related death at individual (SES) and neighborhood (SDI) level.
Method:
The subjects we recruited in a lifestyle and mortality (LIMOR)study forall deceased people aged 65 or older. The LIMOR data was conducted by The University of Hong Kong, School of Public health in the year of 1997. I got access to part of the data for my study from the leading investigator (Dr. Daniel SY Ho). Dietary habits were measured by using semi-quantitative food frequency questions on seven most commonly consumed food groups by Hong Kong residents: vegetables, fruits, soy and dairy products fish, meat and Chinese tea.Mortality in 1998 due to non-accidental causes (ICD9: 001—799) was examined. In my study, mortality due to specific categories of cardio-respiratory causes was regarded as the case and the due to pneumonia was regarded as the control. Binary logistic regression was used for assessment of odds ratio with adjustment for confounders.
Result:
Regular consumption of fruit was significantly (P<0.01) related to lower mortality due to COPD with adjusted OR =0.77 (95%CI 0.63-0.94) and regular consumption of vegetables was significantly(p<0.05) related to lower mortality due tocolon cancer with adjusted OR =0.58 (95%CI 0. 33-1.00). Milk consumption was significantly(p<0.05) related to higher mortality for both ischemicheart disease (adjusted OR=1.25; 95%CI 1.02-1.51) and COPD (p<0.01 adjusted OR=1.37; 95%CI 1.08-1.73) for people aged over 65. In my study, fish consumption was significantly (p<0.05) associated with lower mortality due to stomach cancer with adjusted OR=0.47 (95%CI 0.30-0.75). Meat consistently showed positive correlation with all f the causes of death, however, none of them were significant. Soy consumption was consistently and non-significantly shown to have a negative association with different causes of death, except COPD. Tea was negatively associated with COPD and hypertension, though none of them were significant. For those who lived in homeowner‘s scheme house, they were more likely (p<0.05) to have hypertension (OR=1.79; 95%CI 1.03-3.13). Also for people who lived in private houses, they were more likely (p<0.05) to died from IHD (OR=1.27; 95%CI 1.09-1.60) and colon cancer (OR=1.27; 95%CI 1.01-1.59) death. People who had primary (OR=1.45; 95%CI 1.12-1.86) and secondary and above education(OR=1.27; 95%CI 1.01-1.59) had a significantly (p<0.05) association with mortality due to colon cancer. People who had low SES and lived in high SDI area were less likely (p<0.05) to die fromischemic heart disease (OR=0.41; 95%CI 0.17-0.98).
Conclusion:
In Hong Kong, people who had higher education tended to consume more dairy products than lower education group and they were more likely to die from colon cancer. People who lived in private houses had higher consumption of dairy products than those lived in public estate and they were more likely to die from IHD and colon cancer. For people who had high SES, no matter which SDI areas they lived, they tended to have a more frequent consumption of fruit, bean, dairy products and meat than those oflow SES. People who had low SES and lived in high SDI area, as we considered as the poorest people, were less likely to die withischemic heart disease.published_or_final_version
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Books on the topic "Mortality – Economic aspects – Statistics"
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Seth, Padma. Infant mortality and maternal mortality: Socio-economic causes and determinants. New Delhi: Gyan Pub. House, 2009.
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Infant mortality and maternal mortality: Socio-economic causes and determinants. New Delhi: Gyan Pub. House, 2009.
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Seth, Padma. Infant mortality and maternal mortality: Socio-economic causes and determinants. New Delhi: Gyan Pub. House, 2009.
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Blakely, Tony. The New Zealand census-mortality study: Socioeconomic inequalities and adult mortality, 1991-94. Wellington, N.Z: Ministry of Health, 2002.
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Tabutin, Dominique. Les transitions de mortalité dans le Tiersmonde: Quelques problèmes et aspects explicatifs. Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique: Ciaco éditeur, 1985.
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Eliwo, Akoto. Inégalités socio-économiques en matière de mortalité en Afrique au sud de Sahara. Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique: CIACO, 1987.
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Pritchett, Lant. Wealthier is healthier. Washington, DC: World Bank, 1993.
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Rasmus, Hoffmann, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Socioeconomic Differences in Old Age Mortality. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008.
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Deaton, Angus. Global patterns of income and health: Facts, interpretations, and policies. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.
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Deaton, Angus. Global patterns of income and health: Facts, interpretations, and policies. Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Mortality – Economic aspects – Statistics"
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Hansluwka, H. "Cancer Mortality Statistics: Availability and Quality Aspects of Mortality Data Worldwide." In Cancer Mapping, 163–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83651-0_17.
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Guiguet, M., and A. J. Valleron. "Demographic Impact of Mortality from AIDS in France: Projection for 1991." In Economic Aspects of AIDS and HIV Infection, 38–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84089-0_3.
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Mariani, Paolo, and Andrea Marletta. "How to become a pastry chef: a statistical analysis through the company requirements." In Proceedings e report, 61–64. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-304-8.13.
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The definition of requested requirements by the companies represents one of the key aspects for the entrance of new professional figures. In particular, focusing the attention on food & beverage sector, in this study two job profiles are considered: pastry chef e pastry assistant. Data for this analysis are collected by The AdeccoGroup in Italy in 2016 and 2017. The personal competencies to make capable to face the growing flexibility of the profession are object of specified request cross-sectional to more economic sectors. After a brief description of the database content, the principal objective of the research is to report the most requested requirements for the companies. Other analysis are provided to show possible relationships among these requirements and the previous experience owned by candidates. Finally, a comparison is presented about the competencies requested by the two job figures using descriptive statistics and classification techniques.
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Giambona, Francesca, Adham Kahlawi, Lucia Buzzigoli, Laura Grassini, and Cristina Martelli. "Big data analysis and labour market: an analysis of Italian online job vacancies data." In Proceedings e report, 117–20. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-461-8.22.
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Economists and social scientists are increasingly making use of web data to address socio-economic issues and to integrate existing sources of information. The data produced by online platforms and websites could produce a lot of useful and multidimensional information with a variety of potential applications in socio-economic analysis. In this respect, with the internet growth and knowledge, many aspects of job search have been transformed due to the availability of online tools for job searching, candidate searching and job matching. In European countries there is growing interest in designing and implementing real labour market information system applications for internet labour market data in order to support policy design and evaluation through evidence-based decision-making. The analysis of labour market web data could provide useful information for policy-makers to define labour market strategies as big data, jointly with official statistics, support policy makers in a pressing policy question namely “How to tackle the mismatch between jobs and skills?”. In this regard, the topic of skills gap, how to measure it and how to bridge it with education and continuous training have been tackled by using the big data collection, such as the Cedefop (European Center for the Development of Vocational Training) initiative and the Wollybi Project (made by Burning Glass). In this framework, this contribution focuses on the issues arising from the use (and the usefulness) of on-line job vacancy data to analyse the Italian labour market by using the Wollybi data available for the years 2019 and 2020. Furthermore, the availability of data for the year 2020, will allow us to evaluate whether there has been an impact of COVID19 in terms of needed skills and required occupations in the online job vacancies.
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Svydlo, Hanna, and Iryna Sierova. "ASSESSMENT OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION OF UKRAINE: NATURAL MOVEMENT AND POPULATION REPRODUCTION." In Integration of traditional and innovative scientific researches: global trends and regional aspect. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-001-8-2-5.
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Due to the difficult socio-economic situation and worsening of demographic situation, including the consequences of hostilities and ongoing occupation of the part of Ukraine, today the importance of population study and the research on the factors influencing its changes is increasing. During the study of demographic processes on the basis of a thorough analysis, strategic decisions relevant to the use and reproduction of the country's labour potential, stimulation of the birth rate, reduction of mortality, increase of natural population growth, prevention of depopulation processes, providing effective employment and improvement of social protection of the people are made. The demographic factor is one of the determinants for ensuring sustainable and safe development of the country, and the issue of demographic development should be considered as a factor and at the same time as a result of the functioning of the state. The main purpose of the study is to identify trends in the changes of the main indicators characterizing demographic processes in the country. Methodologically and informationally, this paper is based on the scientific works, the materials from reccurent publications and Internet, the laws and regula-tions and the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The methods used in the study are structural and dynamic analysis, comparison and generalization of the data collected by the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. During a study of a phenomenon or a process, first of all, the categorical apparatus is determined. Based on the purpose of the study, the concept of reproduction and natural movement of the population is defined and their theoretical description is given. This paper considers the reproduction of the population as the historically and socio-economically conditioned process of constant and continuous renewal of hu-man generations. Since the natural movement of the population is a process analysis of the birth and death of people, this paper considers such types of population reproduction as archetype, traditional type, transitional type and modern type. For the analysis of the natural movement of the population as a component of demographic safety, the following indicators were evaluated: average life expectancy at birth; depopulation rate; the overall mortality rate of the country's population; in-fant mortality (child mortality up to the age of 1); total birth rate; net reproduction rate; marriage rate; divorce rate. The findings of the analysis show that the main rea-son of the worsening of demographic situation is decrease in the birth rate and in-crease in the mortality rate. Currently, the birth rate in Ukraine is largely limited by both economic factors (insufficient wages, shortage of jobs) and social factors (changes in reproductive habits and norms expressed in the popularity of single-parent families). The analysis revealed socio-economic factors influencing the demo-graphic situation in Ukraine.
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"Biological and cultural evolution: aspects of dynamics, statistics, and optimization." In The Evolution of Economic Diversity, 56–73. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315011073-8.
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Caselli, Graziella, and Sven Drefahl. "Future Mortality in Low Mortality Countries." In World Population & Human Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813422.003.0009.
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This chapter provides an overview of past and expected future trends in life expectancy in populations with low levels of mortality. High and low mortality populations were separated on the basis of the level of child mortality in the year 2010 according to the revised estimates of the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (2011), with the threshold being 40 deaths per 1,000 children below the age of 5 years. The low mortality population is comprised of 132 countries including Europe, North America, most of Oceania and Latin America, large parts of Asia (excluding the high mortality area in Central and Southern Asia), and Northern Africa. The populations of these countries are already engaged in an advanced phase of the demographic and ‘epidemiologic transition’. Because they previously experienced strong decreases in infant mortality, the future mortality trends are driven mainly by mortality in adult ages, primarily the old and oldest-old. Although the data sources on which the existing estimates of life expectancy for these populations are based vary considerably (owing to differences in the death registration systems and the estimation techniques, see, e.g., Luy, 2010), we have relatively good knowledge of past and current mortality levels and trends and their causes. Despite the similar general trends, today’s low mortality countries are very heterogeneous in various aspects, including medical standards, access to health care, and behavioural risk factors, such as smoking prevalence. These diversities are strongly related to the populations’ stages of economic development and contribute to a broad variance of life expectancy levels. Among men, life expectancy at birth for the years 2005–10 ranges between 60.2 in Kazakhstan and 79.5 in Iceland. Among women, the range is between 67.8 in the Solomon Islands and 86.1 in Japan. To demonstrate this relationship between economic development and life expectancy we classified countries according to their current per capita income as an indicator of the economic development level of the populations. We used the World Bank classification, which groups countries into high income (≥$12,276 annually), upper middle income ($3,976–$12,275), lower middle income ($1,006–$3,975), and low income (≤$1,005).
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Ulijaszek, Stanley. "Reporting statistics on undernutrition and obesity." In The Anthropological Demography of Health, 225–50. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862437.003.0008.
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The epidemiologies of undernutrition and obesity are conducted using standardized metrics in very regulated ways. Bodies are physical entities with economic, social, and medical correlates, and the standardization of bodily measures of undernutrition and obesity have political and economic implications. Most recently, their use has been mostly as proxies for health and mortality risk. This chapter describes the now historical process of bodily standardization through public health anthropometry at both extremes of body size, and examines how public health reporting of undernutrition and obesity informs the discourse of both of them at governmental level, once such measures are given the status of national statistics.
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A.K. Ohanube, Goodluck, and Uchejeso M. Obeta. "Analysis of the Concept of Deaths per Million in the Impact Assessment of COVID-19 Pandemic in 2020." In Psychosocial, Educational, and Economic Impacts of COVID-19 [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104557.
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The pandemic of the Coronavirus disease 2019 has been quite devastating. Assessing the success of the public health measures put in place by different nations has become a herculean task, especially as there is no effective index to determine that. The existing public health indices such as the Case fatality ratio and Mortality rate have not proven efficient in ascertaining the progress made in the early implementation of some public health measures. Hence, the index Deaths Per Million, an estimated mortality rate, is considered an alternative tool to ascertain the progress made at the onset and peak of the pandemic. In this case study, we have compared these three indices to know which best fits the pandemic. We also elucidated when and how deaths per million can be efficiently utilized during a pandemic to know the most appropriate time to impose lockdowns and other public health measures. This is considering the tendency for lockdowns to affect the psycho-social skills of humans and adversely impact economic activities both locally and globally. This work further provided evidence why the index Deaths Per Million is preferred during a pandemic over case fatality ratio and mortality. This was done using statistics from various countries for one year. These countries were selected based on their population and their peculiar nature.
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Ghosh, Dibyendu, and Soumyananda Dinda. "Health Infrastructure and Economic Development in India." In Social, Health, and Environmental Infrastructures for Economic Growth, 99–119. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2364-2.ch006.
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The chapter examines different aspects of health care service facilities and health infrastructure available in India. Major health outcomes like Life expectancy at birth and infant mortality rate depend on available health facilities like hospitals, beds and health trained personnel. Life expectancy in India has increased and IMR declines over the years, except few states like Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh. India has achieved a considerable progress in providing health infrastructure and its access to health care services to the mass population. However, less developed states like Uttar Pradesh and Bihar need more attention to improve health infrastructure and distribution of health facilities. In this context, we also highlight the department of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy, abbreviated as AYUSH which is a Governmental body in India purposed with developing, education and research in Ayurveda, which mostly prevails in under-developed state like Bihar. Our empirical results provide the evidence of strong association between health infrastructure and economic development in India.
Conference papers on the topic "Mortality – Economic aspects – Statistics"
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"Demographic Development of Territories (Regional Aspect)." In XII Ural Demographic Forum “Paradigms and models of demographic development”. Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/udf-2021-2-11.
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The article examines the problems of demographic development and natural population decline in Russian regions, leading to an imbalance in the structure of the population and socio-economic instability. Statistical data on the indicators of the total fertility rate, natural increase, life expectancy, infant mortality were considered. The article presents theoretical approaches to substantiating the concept of demographic development, proposes a model for assessing the integral index of demographic development, calculates the indicator in a number of Russian regions, analyses socio-economic factors influencing the change in the indicator, and draws relevant conclusions. An assumption is made about the possibility of using this assessment model in managing the processes of demographic development in regions.
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ROJO, MARTA, HERNÁN GONZALO-ORDEN, ALAITZ LINARES, and LUIGI DELL'OLIO. "Effects of Economic Recession on Road Safety Indexes." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.3427.
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During the last years, the investment in both construction and conservation of transportinfrastructures has been considerably reduced in several countries, as Spain. After anumber of years in which economic circumstances have forced Governments to reducebudgets earmarked for the maintenance and creation of new ways, it is interesting toanalyze whether this has taken a toll on accident rates.The paper evaluates if there are significant changes in the road safety through these yearsin Spain, comparing the annual statistics concerning investment in infrastructure andaccidents. Thus, the classical risk, mortality and severity indexes have been analyzed tounderstand their real trends. Finally, through linear regression techniques, it is shown howthese trends are related to the budgets invested each year, in order to draw interestingconclusions about the effect of their reduction.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3427
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Andre, Martin, Zsolt Lavicza, and Theodosia Prodromou. "Integrating ‘education for sustainable development’ in statistics classes: visual analysis of social and economic data with gapminder." In New Skills in the Changing World of Statistics Education. International Association for Statistical Education, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/iase.20103.
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Sustainable development goals (SDGs) address various aspects of future human development such as poverty, pollution, or climate change. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) seeks to encourage students to actively participate and consider these issues in sustainable development. Following design-based research approaches, our study aims to identify opportunities for integrating ESD into statistics education. We describe the main features of an ESD-integrated learning trajectory for middle school students exploring sets of ESD related data visually with the software Gapminder. The outcomes of our study suggest that (1) Students’ engagement in forming statistical models of various countries’ sustainable development developed their abilities to generate statistical questions (2) Their intuitive knowledge of statistical concepts was further formalized during their subsequent analyses.
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Andre, Martin, Zsolt Lavicza, and Theodosia Prodromou. "Integrating ‘education for sustainable development’ in statistics classes: visual analysis of social and economic data with gapminder." In New Skills in the change World of Statistics Education. International association for Statistical Education, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.20103.
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Sustainable development goals (SDGs) address various aspects of future human development such as poverty, pollution, or climate change. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) seeks to encourage students to actively participate and consider these issues in sustainable development. Following design-based research approaches, our study aims to identify opportunities for integrating ESD into statistics education. We describe the main features of an ESD-integrated learning trajectory for middle school students exploring sets of ESD related data visually with the software Gapminder. The outcomes of our study suggest that (1) Students’ engagement in forming statistical models of various countries’ sustainable development developed their abilities to generate statistical questions (2) Their intuitive knowledge of statistical concepts was further formalized during their subsequent analyses.
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Tsykunov, Grigory. "Public Opinion of Residents of Bratsk on the Environmental Problems of the City: History of the First Sociological Survey." In Irkutsk Historical and Economic Yearbook 2021. Baikal State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/978-5-7253-3040-3.39.
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The article describes the history of one of the first sociological studies carried out in the country to determine the ecological consciousness of the population on the example of the city of Bratsk. The author examines the historical and modern aspects of the formation of the ecological situation in the city, its impact on the life of the population, studies the attitude of residents to the ecological situation and measures for its improvement among various social and age groups. The author pays special attention to the ratio of ecology and the migration outflow of city residents, which is confirmed by the data of modern statistics.
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Bulyno, E. N., and E. A. Karpenko. "ANALYSIS OF THE INCIDENCE OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM DISEASES OF ADULT POPULATION OF CHASHNIKI REGION." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-1-272-275.
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Diseases of the circulatory system (CVD) are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in many countries of modern society. The study of this issue is extremely relevant for the whole world. According to official statistics, the most common causes of death in Belarus, as well as in many other countries, are diseases of the circulatory system. Diseases of the cardiovascular system are very common among people of working age, thereby causing significant economic damage. The increase in the number of diseases of the circulatory system determines the relevance of the medical and social problem associated with them - temporary disability, disability and mortality.
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Özdil, Tuncer, and Ainura Turdalieva. "Structural Change in Kazakhstan Economy (2005-2009): An Analysis with Input-Output Model." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00410.
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One of the main objectives of economic policies of developing countries is implementing structural changes to enhance the economic development. Globalization as well as in all over the world, has accelerated this structural change in Kazakhstan. Despite the fact that concept of the economic structure is wide range, the structural change explained by the different approaches in the research, which is important in reflecting different aspects of the country's economic structure and in determining economic plans and policies. Under these circumstances an input - output analysis of economic structure is the main reason to write this paper. For this purpose, in the given research was used input-output tables prepared by the Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2005-2009, to examine changes in the structure of economic production by industrial interdependence; changes in production techniques; the intermediate product effectiveness and total efficiency coefficients, to inform about structural changes in the economy and make contribution to policy and plan making process. Research based on analyze of input-output tables prepared by the Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a source of data for the years for 2005 and for 2009. For the purpose of the study structural changes were calculated and compared by industrial interdependence with the production techniques, intermediate production usage coefficients on sectoral and macro-level. Thereby, technical results obtained from the explanation of positive and negative aspects of production in Kazakhstan on sector basis, allows to give recommendations.
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DRĂCEA, Raluca, and Laura CIOBANU. "THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR TO ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ROMANIA." In Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/cafee/2019/8/08.
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Although agriculture is one of the main economic sectors of Romania, its contribution to GDP has constantly decreased over the last 28 years, from 23.00% in 1989 to 4.37% in 2017. This phenomenon is explained by the fact that Romania’s economy past from being an economy based on an agricultural structure to one based on services. Even though the contribution of agriculture to GDP formation is declining, Romania still has the largest share of the agricultural sector in the GDP structure from all the countries of the European Union – about 3 times higher than the European average, and also the highest share of agricultural land in the total land area. These aspects show that within the member countries of the European Union, Romania is the country most dependent on agriculture, with the largest number of people involved in agriculture and with the largest share of agricultural areas in total. In this context, the paper analyzes the impact of the agricultural sector on Romania’s economic growth, between 2000-2017. The empirical analysis is based on three independent variables (agricultural production, public expenditure on agriculture and direct investment in agriculture) and one dependent variable (GDP at constant prices). The data panel consists of information provided by the NIS (National Institute of Statistics), and the data are analyzed using multiple regression.
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Chistyakov, Maxim, Aleksey Gubernatorov, Aleksey Krasnov, Ivan Trifonov, and Lyudmila Shmeleva. "Health as an enduring value asset and resource factor of social wealth." In Human resource management within the framework of realisation of national development goals and strategic objectives. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.tldc2642.
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This study is devoted to current health issues as an individual and public good to identify the dependence and correlation of the individual’s quality of life and health in the general concept of valuable goods of global civilizational development in increasing threats to the individual and humanity. The indicator of the well-being of society – life expectancy, which directly depends on the institutional factors of the state policy of health as a resource factor and value asset of society. Statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, characterizing mortality from various causes, and life expectancy in chronological dynamics in different age groups are given. The article reveals cause-and-effect relations of the necessity of constructive consolidation of power, business, and society to responsible attitude to own personal health while considering external and implemented environmental background factors in raising the economic status of health as public wealth. The authors are unanimous that the social significance and economic effect of health preservation as a basic value resource is the convergence of lifestyle, environmental conditions, family and upbringing, harmful factors of a person’s harmful lifestyle (bad habits).
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Nişancı, Murat, Aslı Cansın Doker, Adem Türkmen, and Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "The Determinants of Labor Productivity: Analyses on Chosen Countries (1960-2010)." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01550.
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Discussions on economic productivity, in micro analysis aspects there is direct causal relationship between increases or decreases in the production and productivity, whereas it can be said that productivity is based on economic recession or growth in macro analysis aspects. In the literature, while Classical theoreticians is attributed that the source of growth is the marginal productivity of capital, neoclassic school claims that marginal productivity difference provide benefit the country from behind for realization of the convergence hypothesis. Furthermore, increasing efficiency and as the factors this increase efficiency human capital, learning by doing concepts and technology are focused in the endogenous growth theories. In this study, human capital, physical capital per worker, exports per worker, gender differences, fertility, life expectancy and dependent population ratio were determined as determinants of labor productivity. In respect to labor productivity, variables are divided to three main groups in order to economic demographic and social and psychological factors. The variables are placed with taking five years average due to the fact that those variables’ effects reveal themselves more clearly in the long term. In the paper, it was investigated by panel data analysis considering groups of developed and developing countries between 1960 and 2010 period. In this context the degree of efficiency may well be discussed with parameters of selected variables for productivity of labor. Additionally, within framework of descriptive statistics the differences and similarities between countries were interpreted for political recommendations to developing countries how to increase productivity for catching developed countries’ growth trend.