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1
Hasan, Md Mehedi. "Genetic investigation of body morphological traits in Penaeus monodon and their relationship to shrimp production." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29191.
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The black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) is the second most commercially important aquaculture shrimp species in the world. In Australia, P. monodon aquaculture is a drought-proof industry and has an enormous potential for its economically and environmentally sustainable expansion. However, a significant research gap needs to be addressed for implementation of advanced breeding programs. In the first two research chapters, I reported that, (i) most published studies have focused on genetic improvement of growth and survival traits, however there are few studies on body shape and body colour traits; (ii) significant G×E was present for survival traits (rg = 0.51 ± 0.09).
In the next chapters, I developed and optimized protocols for measuring morphological and body colour traits of shrimp from digital images. In the last research chapter, I performed quantitative genetic analyses of body size, shape and body colour traits. The genetic parameter estimates indicated that the body size and weight traits are moderately heritable (h2 : 0.28 to 0.36), and heritability of body shape traits were low (h2 : 0.003 to 0.09). A strong positive genetic correlation was revealed among the key body size and growth traits (rg = 0.96 to 0.99) suggesting genetic improvement of these traits can be done simultaneously. The heritability of the body colour traits ranged from 0.05 to 0.35, suggesting there is potential for genetic improvement of these traits. There was a strong genetic correlation between cooked and uncooked body colour, suggesting selection on live animals will improve the colour properties of cooked shrimp. Taken together, the findings of the current project will assist in designing future shrimp breeding programs.
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Kleiva, Žilvinas. "Delfinariume laikomų Juodosios jūros delfinų (Tursiops truncatus ponticus) sveikatos tyrimų analizė." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20131104_101530-39609.
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Delfinai yra jautrūs aplinkos sąlygoms gyvūnai. Norint išlaikyti delfinus, reikia sudaryti kuo geresnes laikymo sąlygas delfinariume, laiku nutatyti susirgimus, išsiaiškinti gaišimo priežastis. Tam reikia nustatyti individualius delfinų kraujo morfologinius ir biocheminius rodiklius bei jų kitimus susirgimų atvejais. Literatūroje daugiausia randami Atlanto (Tursiops truncatus) ir kitų rūšių delfinų įvairūs kraujo tyrimų duomenys. Tačiau nerasta duomenų apie skirtingų lyčių ir skirtingo amžiaus Juodosios jūros delfinų (Tursiops truncatus ponticus) kraujo rodiklius.
Darbo tikslas – nustatyti delfinariume laikomų Juodosios jūros delfinų (Tursiops truncatus ponticus) įvairių veiksnių įtaką kraujo rodikliams ir kvėpavimo funkcijai bei atlikti susirgimų ir gaišimų priežasčių analizę.
Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti delfinariume laikomų sveikų delfinų kraujo fiziologinius morfologinius ir biocheminius parametrus, atsižvelgiant į amžių ir lytį. 2. Nustatyti baseinų dydžių (mažesnis – didesnis) įtaką delfinų patelių ir jų jauniklių kvėpavimo dažniui ir elgsenai postnataliniu periodu. 3. Išanalizuoti delfinų susirgimus ir jų dažnumą. 4. Nustatyti delfinų kraujo morfologinių ir biocheminių parametrų kitimą, atsižvelgiant į susirgimus. 5. Atlikti delfinų patologinius-anatominius, histopatologinius bei mikrobiologinius tyrimus, nustatyti gaišimo priežastis.
Šis darbas praplėtė mokslines žinias apie delfinariume laikomų Juodosios jūros delfinų (Tursiops truncatus ponticus) fiziologines... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The aim of the thesis is to identify the influence of various factors on blood indices and breathing function of the Black sea dolphins (Tursiops truncatus ponticus) that are kept in dolphinariums and also to do analysis of the reasons of dolphins’ diseases and death. The goals of the thesis: 1. Determine the physiological morphological and biochemical parameters of the dolphins’ blood with regard to their age and sex. 2. Determine the influence of the size of the pools on the respiratory rate of dolphin females and calves during the postnatal period. 3. Analyze the diseases affecting dolphins and the frequency of their occurance. 4. Study morphological and biochemical changes in dolphins blood parameters with regard to the diseases. 5. Identify the causes of death through pathological, anatomical, histopathological and microbiological examinations. The research has broadened the scientific knowledge about the Black sea dolphins’ (Tursiops truncatus ponticus) physiological characteristics and pathological conditions. It has been found out that the size of a pool has influence over the Black sea dolphin females and calves' respiratory rate as well as behaviour. Bearing in mind that there are genetic differences among other Tursiops truncatus dolphins, in the current research healthy Black sea afalins’ blood physiological morphological and biochemical parameters have been identified with regard to their age and sex. It is the first time in Lithuania when the frequencies of... [to full text]
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Hosseinian, Armin. "Numerical simulations of fluid flow through a single rough walled fracture." Thesis, Curtin University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1764.
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The morphological properties of rock fractures may have a significant influence on their hydromechanical behaviour. Fracture surface roughness could change the fluid flow regime from laminar to turbulent, while it causes the flow properties to deviate from cubic law for smooth channels due to a change in fracture equivalent hydraulic aperture. Different empirical (including the well known Joint Roughness Coefficient, JRC) and statistical methods have been proposed for surface roughness characterisation in an attempt to link them to the hydromechanical behaviour of fractures.This thesis aims to investigate the potential for assessment of fluid behaviour by studying its surface geometrical properties. D[subscript]R[subscript]1 and D[subscript]R[subscript]2, the 2D and 3D roughness parameters developed recently using Riemannian geometry, were used to correlate fracture geometry to its flow behaviour. Also, the 2D Riemannian isotropy parameter (I[subscript]R[subscript]2) was used to correlate surface roughness anisotropy with directionality in fluid flow behaviour along different directions.Numerical simulations in both 2D and 3D were performed assuming the laminar flow regime using FLUENT software. This assumption is, to a large extent, acceptable for situations where the height to length ratios of a fracture is very small. 2D analysis of synthetic profiles with different geometries demonstrated how a change in profile roughness can affect flow response, for example, the pressure drop. JRC flow channels developed in this work as combinations of pairs of JRC profiles were simulated numerically. The analysis results indicated that channels with a similar JRC average for the upper and lower walls but a different JRC profile number responded differently when they were subjected to fluid flow. Therefore, assuming special fluid properties, correlations developed using the pressure drop of a fracture can be estimated by its analogy to JRC flow channels.3D simulations of a corrugated plane were performed assuming different asperity height distributions, for fluid travelling along different directions with respect to surface geometry and at different shear displacements. No asperity contact and failure is assumed in the analysis performed in this work. D[subscript]R[subscript]2 analysis results of the corrugated plane indicated how fluid flow could be related to surface geometry. For instance, it was observed that the pressure drop was maximised along the direction of maximum roughness and reduced to its minimum along a perpendicular direction which shows anisotropy in fluid flow behaviour. Significant changes in pressure drop due to shear offset indicated the importance of fracture wall displacements with respect to each other. A detailed analysis of one synthetically generated surface, and also five surfaces with identical statistical parameters except their correlation distances being different, further confirmed the above concepts. This was followed by analysing a real rock like fracture which was studied elsewhere for fracture shear tests in the lab. Simulation of this surface was performed with particular interest in identifying the locations where the velocity magnitude reduced to nearly zero after the fracture was subjected to a shear offset corresponding to maximum shear stress. These areas were found to be very similar to the locations of asperity degradations as observed through lab experiments. The roughness analysis of the surface was in agreement with the correlation found between the mechanical and hydraulic behaviour of the surface.The results of this research demonstrate how detailed analysis of surface geometry could provide valuable information with respect to surface flow behaviour. Detailed discussions and interpretations of the results will be presented and various conclusions will be made.
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Žiemelis, Audrius. "Morfologinio daugiareikšminimo statistiniais metodais parametrų tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100615_084959-97619.
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Šiame darbe kuriamas įrankis, kuris padėtų nustatyti, kurios morfologinės žymos savybės yra svarbios sprendžiant lietuvių kalbos morfologinio daugiareikšmiškumo problemą. Morfologinio daugiareikšmiškumo problema išsprendžiama tuomet, kai pagal kontekstą vienam žodžiui priskiriama viena morfologinė žyma. Darbe naudojamas tekstynas, kurį sudaro daugiau nei 1.200.000 žodžių. Tekstyne žodžiams morfologines žymas nustatė ekspertas, o visos galimos žodžio morfologinės žymos buvo sugeneruotos su pagalbiniu įrankiu. Morfologinio daugiareikšmiškumo problemoms spręsti suprogramuotas ir taikytas Viterbi algoritmas, randantis tikėtiniausią sakinį atitinkančią kalbos dalių seką pagal sukurtus bigramų ar trigramų kalbos modelius. Atlikus testavimą naudojant dešimt kartų kryžminį patikrinimą, pasiekti toki rezultatai: • 90,10% – tikslumas, kuris parodo ar teisingai priskirta morfologinė žyma daugiareikšmiams žodžiams; • 96,39% – bendras tikslumas, kuris skaičiuojamas įtraukiant ir tuos žodžius, kurie turėjo tik vieną morfologinę žymą.In this research was developed tool, which helps to determine, which morphological mark attributes are important when solving problem of morphological ambiguity in Lithuanian language. Morphological ambiguity problem is solved, when one word is matched with one morphological mark. Research uses corpus, which contains over than 1.200.000 words. Morphological marks in the corpus were assigned by expert and list of all possible morphological marks was generated with other utility. There was developed and applied Viterbi algorithm to solve morphological ambiguity problem, which finds the most expected path of part of speeches by created bigram or trigram speech models. Testing was implemented using cross validation with 10 folds. There was achieved these results: • 90,10% – accuracy, which shows if morphological mark was correctly match with ambiguous word; • 96,39% – total accuracy, which calculated when included non-ambiguous words.
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Masini, Alessandro. "Influence of the casting parameters on the membrane morphological characteristics." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23058/.
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During the last century, the importance of membranes has increased drastically in our society; following this trend, their use in everyday life and in the industrial sector has dramatically rised. Consequently, membranes have been object of study in order to develop new material with new characteristics. This work aims at improving a current GVS portfolio-product, by developing a new filter based on alternative material and to substitute a competitor 3 membrane, whose production will be stopped due to the PerFluoroOctanoic Acid content, in a medical device that has to retain human urine. Firstly, the new polymer was studied, in order to understand how it affects membrane properties; once the basic information were obtained, we moved to analyze the influence of all the parameters in the solution preparation and in the casting process. Additionally, we have analyzed and selected the most appropriate membrane support and casting knife, to produce the most reliable membrane. Once we checked all the parameter, a first industrial trial was done based on the knowledge previously obtained; later, the trial has been analyzed to verify the stability of the product and to confirm the success of the industrial scale-up. The industrial trial has been compared with competitors’ membrane after urine test were carried out; the industrial trial showed superior results compared to the other membrane. Later we analyzed the impact of a standard laboratory testing protein on membranes, to observe if they were the main responsible for the pore occlusion after urine contact. Competitor 3 retains the same amount of protein of other membrane, for this reason, the hypothesis previously made was rejected.
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Huang, Ruoyu. "3D Freehand Ultrasonography in Quantifying Muscle Morphological Parameters in Lower Extremity." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-294103.
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Muscle morphological parameters such as fascicle length (FL), pennationangle (PA) and physiologic cross-sectional area (PCSA) can provide an insightinto the reasons of the deteriorated muscle functions caused by pathologies.This study investigates the 3D structure of the lower leg muscles using 3Dfreehand ultrasound (3DfUS). This imaging modality uses a motion capturesystem to track the position of the US probe during acquisition and thusreconstruct the structure of the tissues in 3D. In this study, two subjects werescanned on the medial gastrocnemius (MG) and tibialis anterior (TA) musclesin the lower leg using 3DfUS system. The FL and PA of the muscles werecalculated and compared with the values previously measured using diffusiontensor imaging (DTI). The results using 3DfUS were averagely 19.2% largerin FL and 2.9%larger in PA. In conclusion, 3DfUS can successfully determinemuscle morphological parameters within a physiologically acceptable range.But the differences in FL observed between the two imaging modalities werequite big, which probably was due to the differences in sample size and area.The values can also differ greatly within the 3DfUS measurements as a resultof different manipulations during data processing, and the 3DfUS protocolneeds to be further improved in future studies.
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Mackových, Marek. "Regresní analýza EKG pro odhad polohy srdce vůči měřicím elektrodám." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220859.
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This work focuses on the regression analysis of morphological parameters calculated from the ECG for estimating the position of the heart to the measuring electrodes. It consists of a theoretical analysis of the problems of ECG recording and description of the data obtained from experiments on isolated animal hearts. On the theoretical part is followed by a description of the calculation parameters suitable for regression analysis and their application in the training and testing of the following regression models to estimate the position of the heart to the measuring electrode.
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Longo, Federico. "Three-dimensional computation of femoral canine morphological parameters: from the theory to the surgery application." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426322.
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The present research was envisioned as a project defined by multiple studies that are strictly correlated each other. The report of the birth, development and practical application to the diagnostic and surgery fields of a novel 3D approach for the computation of femoral measurements was the first aim. Moreover, in the authors’ purpose the description of the translational value of the proposed procedure enhanced with its plausible utility to the daily practice of orthopaedic surgeons, represented another focal point.
In this sense, the research started from the validation of the 3D assessment of femoral morphometric parameters. Veterinary literature reports tons of papers describing several methodologies for obtaining femoral measurements through different diagnostic techniques. Furthermore, bibliography presents lot of angles values that are currently adopted and considered as reference parameters for most of the corrective osteotomies. Additionally, in the recent past an increased emphasis on 3D approach grown but little if any attention was devoted to 3D measurements. This trend represented in the authors’ mind the gap with the current knowledge and, thus, an area to be deeply investigated. Indeed, to the best of author knowledge, there were no papers documenting the assessment of 3D femoral axes and angles in veterinary medicine, with no 3D protocol described. In addition, currently available canine femoral measurements related to frontal, sagittal and transverse deformities have only been computed in bi-planar projections, whether acquired from 2D or 3D imaging models.
Therefore, starting from the accepted human methods and from the features definition in veterinary literature, we proposed a new approach.
The first study was designed to define a 3D methodology, introducing a consistent and quantitative method for the assessment of femoral morphometric parameters in 3D geometrical models. To validate the proposed approach, accurate geometric data were necessary and, therefore, we opted for meshes obtained by a 3D scanner, instead of CT images. Once the validation of the was stated, our focus was directed towards the evaluation of the precision of the proposed 3D protocol.
The validation of a novel diagnostic test requires verification of the repeatability, defined as the strength of agreement between repeated measurements of the same samples performed from one examiner, and the reproducibility as well, that express the same variance but between a group of observers.
Furthermore, the accuracy of the measurements indicates how close the measurements took with the investigated technique to a true value (gold standard). Therefore, a second project was designed to test the precision of three diagnostic techniques, two largely diffuse (Rx and TC) one recently introduced in veterinary (3D), for the measurement of femoral angles.
The second purpose of this study was the investigation of the potential application of the algorithm implemented in a computer-aided-design (CAD) software, using CT data. Considering that for the first study we worked with 3D scanner data, the main aim at this point of the research was represented by the enhancement of the presented 3D protocol for diagnostic purposes. In the author opinion, changing the source of data was necessary because of the availability of CT and MRI equipment in veterinary practice.
Finally, the last goal of this project was the translation of the application of 3D computation to the surgical field. The current research contemplates the fact that the augmented interest on 3D computation is not only relevant for diagnostic reasons, but also for surgery. Thus, the correlation between the diagnostic utility of the 3D approach and its plausible practice for surgery purposes was the object of the final study. The starting point was suggested by veterinary literature that reports in few papers the development and application of surgical devices used to perform assisted-correction of bone deformities.
These surgical tools are designed through 3D geometrical models and act both as precise intraoperative localizers of osteotomy corrective landmarks and surgical saw guides.
Three-dimensional assessment of a bone conformation may improve the understanding and evaluation of bone deformities and occurring joints malalignment. In this sense, the localization of the CORA as well as the accuracy of the orientation of the osteotomy-cutting plane may be significantly upgraded through a 3D approach.La tesi di dottorato presentata è stata concepita nell’ambito di un più ampio progetto che comprende molteplici studi tra loro intrinsecamente correlati. L’obiettivo principale del lavoro consiste nella descrizione delle basi teoriche, sviluppo nonchè applicazione pratica nel campo della diagnostica per immagine e chirurgia di un nuovo protocollo 3D utilizzato per la misurazione di angoli nel femore del cane. Lo scopo successivo è stato quello di descrivere il valore traslazionale della procedura analitica qui presentata. Il primo passo dell’intera ricerca è rappresentato dalla validazione della metodologia. Un nuovo algoritmo sviluppato consente, per mezzo di un CAD software di comune utilizzo (Rhinoceros), di eseguire la computazione di angoli in 3D. Il secondo step ha previsto la verifica della ripetibilità e della riproducibilità di tale metodica che è stata comparata con quelle più comuni effettuate con radiografia e Tac. Infine, con l’ultimo studio abbiamo traslato le basi teoriche in applicazione chirurgica andando a creare, per mezzo dell’algoritmo elaborato, delle dime chirurgiche. Questi strumenti intra-operatori sono molto utili durante la chirurgia per le osteotomie correttive in quanto si accoppiano perfettamente nel punto di deformità e consentono di guidare l’osteotomia dell’osso.
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Hendrickson, Eric B. "Morphologically simplified conductance based neuron models: principles of construction and use in parameter optimization." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33905.
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The dynamics of biological neural networks are of great interest to neuroscientists and are frequently studied using conductance-based compartmental neuron models. For speed and ease of use, neuron models are often reduced in morphological complexity. This reduction may affect input processing and prevent the accurate reproduction of neural dynamics. However, such effects are not yet well understood. Therefore, for my first aim I analyzed the processing capabilities of 'branched' or 'unbranched' reduced models by collapsing the dendritic tree of a morphologically realistic 'full' globus pallidus neuron model while maintaining all other model parameters. Branched models maintained the original detailed branching structure of the full model while the unbranched models did not. I found that full model responses to somatic inputs were generally preserved by both types of reduced model but that branched reduced models were better able to maintain responses to dendritic inputs. However, inputs that caused dendritic sodium spikes, for instance, could not be accurately reproduced by any reduced model. Based on my analyses, I provide recommendations on how to construct reduced models and indicate suitable applications for different levels of reduction. In particular, I recommend that unbranched reduced models be used for fast searches of parameter space given somatic input output data.
The intrinsic electrical properties of neurons depend on the modifiable behavior of their ion channels. Obtaining a quality match between recorded voltage traces and the output of a conductance based compartmental neuron model depends on accurate estimates of the kinetic parameters of the channels in the biological neuron. Indeed, mismatches in channel kinetics may be detectable as failures to match somatic neural recordings when tuning model conductance densities. In my first aim, I showed that this is a task for which unbranched reduced models are ideally suited. Therefore, for my second aim I optimized unbranched reduced model parameters to match three experimentally characterized globus pallidus neurons by performing two stages of automated searches. In the first stage, I set conductance densities free and found that even the best matches to experimental data exhibited unavoidable problems. I hypothesized that these mismatches were due to limitations in channel model kinetics. To test this hypothesis, I performed a second stage of searches with free channel kinetics and observed decreases in the mismatches from the first stage. Additionally, some kinetic parameters consistently shifted to new values in multiple cells, suggesting the possibility for tailored improvements to channel models. Given my results and the potential for cell specific modulation of channel kinetics, I recommend that experimental kinetic data be considered as a starting point rather than as a gold standard for the development of neuron models.
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Maranhão, Maria Olivia Amato. "Variações geomorfológicas inter-decadais da Barreira Costeira do Itapocú – SC, Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/132265.
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A Barreira Costeira do Itapocú está localizada na porção norte do litoral do estado de Santa Catarina sobre os domínios dos municípios de Araquari e Barra Velha. Em sua porção central a barreira apresenta-se segmentada por influência da desembocadura do rio Itapocú. Registros históricos evidenciam a ocorrência comum, na barreira, de episódios de transposição de sedimentos devido à ocorrência de eventos de sobrelavagem. A barreira e os subambientes associados foram mapeados para os anos de 1938, 1957, 1978, 2005 e 2012. Adicionalmente, foram aplicados três índices de vulnerabilidade para os depósitos de sobrelavagem, conforme metodologia proposta por Garcia et al. (2010) – OSR, MOIR e CBO, e foram analisados os parâmetros granulométricos do sistema praia-duna atual e dos depositos de sobrelavagem em dois perfis transversais à barreira. A análise geomorfológica mostrou que as principais modificações observadas ao longo do tempo na BCI estiveram relacionadas à migração do canal de conexão da laguna com o oceano, anteriormente à sua fixação, bem como a eventos de sobrelavagem da barreira. Os depósitos de sobrelavagem apresentaram elevada frequência de ocorrência ao longo da barreira (OSR), onde a maior pôde ser observada no ano de 1957, atingindo 42% de todo o comprimento da barreira, em seu setor sul, e 60% no setor norte. Este padrão apresentou diminuição ao longo do tempo, e em 2012 cerca de 1% do comprimento do setor sul da barreira costeira apresentou sobrelavagem, enquanto o setor norte exibiu 19%. MOIR, índice referente às intrusões históricas de sobrelavagem e representando a recorrência de um máximo de intrusão, foi aplicado em intervalos de 10 metros e mostrou que eventos de transposição de sedimentos tendem a ocorrer todos os anos na área estudada, atingindo até 40 metros de intrusão. Para o ultimo ano de análise, 2012, o índice CBO apresentou três casos de valor máximo, indicando máxima vulnerabilidade de um rompimento da barreira costeira. No estudo comparativo entre os diferentes compartimentos do sistema praia-duna e dos depósitos de sobrelavagem não foi possível distinguir um claro padrão entre os subambientes com base nos parâmetros granulométricos. Entretanto, este padrão de não distinção pode indicar a usual influência de processos marinhos costeiros de sobrelavagem, atuantes sobre o sistema deposicional eólico.The Itapocú coastal barrier is located in the northern coast of Santa Catarina State, on the domain of Barra Velha and Araquari cities. In its central part the barrier is segmented due to the influence of the Itapocú river mouth. Historical records demonstrate that the barrier experiments frequent overwash events. The barrier and associated environments were mapped for 1938, 1957, 1978, 2005 and 2012 dates. Additionally, three vulnerability indexes to the washover deposits were applied, according to Garcia et al. (2010) – OSR, MOIR and CBO, and the granulometric properties were analyzed for the modern beach-dune system and washover deposits in two cross sections. The morphological analysis showed that the main changes observed were related to inlet migration, before its fixation in 2011, and also to overwash events. The washover deposits showed high frequency of occurrence along the barrier (OSR), with the greater occurring in 1957, reaching 42% of its entire length in the south, and 60% in the north section. This pattern presented a decrease behavior over time, and in 2012 approximately 1% of the barrier length was overwashed in the south section and 19% in the north. The index MOIR, related to historical sediment intrusions of overwash processes, and representing a maximum intrusion was applied in 10m intervals and showed that washover events tend to occur in all years in the ICB, reaching 40m of intrusion. For the last year analyzed, 2012, the CBO index showed 3 situations of maximum intrusion, indicating 100% of barrier breaching vulnerability. In the comparative granulometric study, it was not possible to characterize the environmental deposits based on the granulometric parameters. However, non-discretize pattern can indicate the influence of coastal marine processes (overwash) acting over the eolian deposits.
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Mehnert, Andrew. "Digital Morphometry : A Taxonomy Of Morphological Filters And Feature Parameters With Application To Alzheimer's Disease Research." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1994. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1468.
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In this thesis the expression digital morphometry collectively describes all those procedures used to obtain quantitative measurements of objects within a two-dimensional digital image. Quantitative measurement is a two-step process: the application of geometrical transformations to extract the features of interest, and then the actual measurement of these features. With regard to the first step the morphological filters of mathematical morphology provide a wealth of suitable geometric transfomations. Traditional radiometric and spatial enhancement techniques provide an additional source of transformations. The second step is more classical (e.g. Underwood, 1970; Bookstein, 1978; and Weibull, 1980); yet here again mathematical morphology is applicable - morphologically derived feature parameters. This thesis focuses on mathematical morphology for digital morphometry. In particular it proffers a taxonomy of morphological filters and investigates the morphologically derived feature parameters (Minkowski functionals) for digital images sampled on a square grid. "As originally conceived by Georges Matheron, mathematical morphology concerns the analysis of binary images by means of probing with structuring elements [typically convex geometric shapes]" (Dougherty, 1993, preface). Since its inception the theory has been extended to grey-level images and most recently to complete lattices. It is within the very general framework of the complete lattice that the taxonomy of morphological filters is presented. Examples are provided to help illustrate the behaviour of each type of filter. This thesis also introduces DIMPAL (Mehnert, 1994) - a PC-based image processing and analysis language suitable for researching and developing algorithms for a wide range of image processing applications. Though DIMPAL was used to produce the majority of the images in this thesis it was principally written to provide an environment in which to investigate the application of mathematical morphology to Alzheimer's disease research. Alzheimer's disease is a form of progressive dementia associated with the degeneration of the brain. It "is the commonest type of dementia and probably accounts for half the dementia of old age" (Forsythe, 1990, p. 21 ). Post mortem examination of the brain reveals the presence of characteristic neuropathologic lesions; namely neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. They occur predominantly in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Quantitative studies of the distribution of plaques and tangles in normally aged and Alzheimer brains are hampered by the enormous amount of time and effort required to count and measure these lesions. Here in a morphological algorithm is proposed for the automatic segmentation and measurement of neuritic plaques from light micrographs of post mortem brain tissue.
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Gale, Jody A. "A Simple Model to Predict Optimal Harvest Time of Alfalfa Using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, Environmental, Morphological, and Growth Parameters." DigitalCommons@USU, 1988. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7454.
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Knowledge of relationships between nutrient levels, yield, maturity, and environmental influences on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) are necessary to estimate when to harvest alfalfa to maximize quality and yield. Objectives were to document the change in nutrient content, yield, and growth stage of alfalfa grown in Utah as it matures and to develop a simple model to predict optimal harvest date. The study involved three locations in major alfalfa producing regions in Utah. Samples were collected from three commonly grown alfalfa varieties between 26 April and 26 September in 1987. Maximum and minimum levels of crude protein (CP) observed were 32.8% to 16.2%, acid detergent fiber (ADF) 39.4% to 14.0%, and dry matter (OM) 31.7% to 14.3%. Maximum yield of 7.0 Mg ha-1 for a single harvest was observed. The growth stage and average yield in Mg ha-1 for all varieties and harvests collected were: prebud 3.6; midbud 4.2; and late bud to early bloom 4.9. As alfalfa matured CP% declined, ADF% increased, and DM% increased. Criteria used to estimate optimal harvest date was achieving not less than 20.0% CP, at least 29.0% ADF, but not more than 31.0% ADF. The estimated optimal harvest date was determined 63.3% of the time by not exceeding 31.0% ADF. Early to midbud were characteristic growth stages of the estimated optimal harvest date occurring 34.4% and 41.0% respectively. Midbud stage was characterized by elongation of the peduncle at second and third axillary bud positions. Accumulated growing degree hours (AGDH) were calculated using the ASYMCUR modeling concept. Height models were developed by averaging AGDH at 5 cm increments of shoot height. Models developed from the Nephi site were used to predict data from other sites. These models made about 37% acceptable predictions ranging from 0-100%. The general model made 23% acceptable predictions, variety models 47%, harvest models 43%, and 36% from specific data models. The general model, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 14.6%, made fewer acceptable predictions than specific models having CV of 11.1% and 6.0%. Height models generated using the ASYMCUR concept were inefficient in predicting growth of alfalfa. This may be due to inaccurate estimates of when regrowth began, inaccurate weather data, and a variety of temperature related stresses which reduces the growth rate of alfalfa per unit of growing degree hours. Development of stress factor in cosine equations, improved data collection, and additional model generation and testing, could reduce variability and increasing percentage of acceptable predictions.
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Ford, Dawn K. "Sublethal effects of stressors on physiological and morphological parameters in the diamondback terrapin, Malaclemys terrapin." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1113574293.
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King, Judy A. "Adaptation of Striped Bass to Sea Water Following Direct Transfer from Freshwater: Morphological, Biochemical, and Physiological Parameters." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1987. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2932.
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There has been heightened interest in the biology of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) because of increased pollution in their native spawning grounds and because of their extensive use in landlocked sport fisheries. Their euryhalinity makes them an excellent species for osmoregulation studies. The objective of this research was to study the rate of adaptation of striped bass gills to sea water (3% salt) after direct transfer from freshwater using biochemical (ion transport enzyme levels), physiological (chloride efflux), and ultrastructural methods. Striped bass have specialized osmoregulatory cells located on the interlamellar and afferent surfaces of their gill filaments as shown by light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM studies show that apical pit (opening of one or more chloride cells) morphology changes during sea water adaptation, and the number of apical pits increases by 32.5% after two weeks in sea water. Chloride cell size and number, extent of basolateral tubular system, and number of mitochondria per chloride cell appear to increase upon adaptation to sea water. Sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na,K-ATPase) activity is maximal on day 3 after transfer to sea water. Studies suggest that cortisol may act as a hormonal mediator for long term adaptation to sea water. The general morphology of both freshwater and sea water adapted fish gills were studied. Preliminary studies indicate that the osmium-dimethylsulfoxide-osmium method can be used to investigate intracellular structural changes in striped bass gills. Since the chloride cells are associated with the afferent surface of the filament, the blood supply to that area is also of great interest in osmoregulation studies. Studies of the gill vasculature using corrosion casting (i.e. filling blood vessels with plastic resins) and SEM indicate that the blood vessel distribution in the striped bass gill is similar to that of other euryhaline species with arterio-arterial, arterio-venous, and nutritive pathways. Blood flow may be controlled at a variety of places by sphincters, shunts and cellular contraction. Correlation of these biochemical, physiological and anatomical measurements will aid in the understanding of the process of adaptation to sea water. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
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Martins, Priscila Oliveira 1983. "Cinética de absorção de silício por cultivares de cana-de-açúcar e de arroz /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86436.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Carlos Alexandre Costa CrusciolBanca: Ciro Antonio Rosolem
Banca: Rafaella Rossetto
Resumo: O silício é considerado, para o arroz e a cana-de-açúcar, um elemento de relevada importância, pois, em muitas situações, tem proporcionado maiores tolerâncias a estresses bióticos e abióticos. No entanto, em muitas situações não tem sido constatado efeito positivo do silício, o que pode estar relacionado a fatores genéticos quanto à capacidade em adquirir silício em baixa disponibilidade e/ou utilizar o elemento absorvido com maior eficiência. Os mecanismos de absorção presentes na interface solo-raiz são influenciados por eficiência fisiológica e pela morfologia radicular das plantas, representada pelo comprimento, superfície e diâmetro das raízes. Assim, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo, mediante o acompanhamento da cinética de absorção de Si (Vmax, Km e Cmin), encontrar respostas entre cultivares de cana-de-açúcar e de arroz quanto à capacidade de absorção e utilização do silício, quando submetidas a condições distintas de disponibilidade e carência do elemento, procurando relacioná-las a parâmetros fisiológicos de absorção, parâmetros morfológicos de raízes e eficiência de utilização deste mineral. Foram realizados dois experimentos independentes, um para a cana-de-açúcar e outro para o arroz, em casa de vegetação, na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas/UNESP, em Botucatu-SP. O delineamento experimental de cada experimento foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial composto por dois cultivares distintos quanto ao acúmulo de silício para o arroz (1- alto acúmulo: Caiapó e 2- baixo acúmulo: Maravilha) e para cana-de-açúcar (1- alto acúmulo: RB85-5035 e 2- baixo acúmulo: SP81-3250) e dois níveis de silício (alto: 1,7mmol L-1 e baixo: 0,1mmol L-1), com seis repetições. Foram avaliados os parâmetros cinéticos (Vmax, Km e Cmin), parâmetros morfológicos da raiz (comprimento, diâmetro e superfície), massa... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Silicon is considered of great importance for sugar cane and rice because it can improve tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. However, silicon has not shown positive effects in many situations probably due to genetic factors related to capacity of plants to absorb this element in lower availability or/and efficiently use it. Uptake mechanisms found in root-soil interface are influenced by physiological efficiency and aspects of root morphology such as length, surface and diameter. Therefore, this research had the objective of monitoring Si uptake kinetics (Vmax, Km and Cmin) and identifying responses among sugar cane varieties and rice cultivars related to plant capacity of Si uptake and use under distinct conditions of availability and deficiency, associating them to physiological aspects of absorption, root morphology parameters and use efficiency. Two greenhouse experiments were separately carried out for sugar cane and rice in the College of Agricultural Sciences, UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. The experimental design for each crop was the completely randomized with six replications, analyzed as a factorial that consisted of two rice cultivars (1- high accumulation: 'Caiapó' and 2- low accumulation: 'Maravilha') and sugar cane varieties (1- high accumulation: RB85-5035 and 2- low accumulation: SP81-3250) with distinct silicon accumulation capacity and two silicon levels (sufficient: 1.7 mmol L-1 and insufficient: 0.1 mmol L-1). Kinetic parameters (Vmax, Km and Cmin), root morphology aspects (length, diameter and surface), dry matter, silicon accumulation and level in shoot and root, uptake efficiency, use efficiency and root/shoot ratio were evaluated for sugar cane and rice. Data was submitted to variance analysis and means were compared by the LSD test at a probability level of 5%. The higher silicon concentration in the nutrient solution did not increase neither sugar... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Шепєлєв, Анатолій Єгорович, Анатолий Егорович Шепелев, and Anatolii Yehorovych Shepieliev. "Морфологічні показники студенток в умовах учбового процесу." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/41753.
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Морфологічний розвиток і фізична працездатність спортсменів є визначальними факторами їх підготовленості, оскільки, вони безпосередньо впливають на змагальну ефективність окремих спортсменів і команди в цілому. Підвищення ефективності тренувального процесу асоціюється з індивідуалізацією тренувального завантаження за величиною і інтенсивністю. В основі індивідуалізації повинно бути знання основних морфологічних і функціональних параметрів спортсменів по їх ігровим амплуа.
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Dumlu, Elif. "A Method to Examine Passive and Active Force Production, and their Correlations with Muscle Morphological Parameters for Healthy Children." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254538.
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Muscle morphological and mechanical properties play a crucial role in explaining the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of muscle weakness, joint stiffness, muscle contraction, and the resultant loss of motor function in children. Information in the literature about how muscle architecture correlate with muscle force production in passive and active conditions in children is very limited. Therefore, new information regarding muscle mechanics and morphology has the possibility to contribute to the improvement of more targeted and more effective treatments for children. The goal of this project is to develop a feasible experimental method to examine passive and active muscle force production capacity in the lower limbs in healthy children and to analyse the correlations of muscle morphological parameters obtained from diffusion tensor images(DTI) and force generation capacity in passive and active conditions. For this project, 10 healthy children were recruited and tested in Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital. The chosen muscles to examine was medial gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis anterior. Neuroflexor device was used for the passive force measurements. A fixed version of a hand-held dynamometer was utilized for the active measurements. In order to capture the muscle activities during the movement, surface electromyography was collected simultaneously. The findings from both measurements gave consistent results. In terms of the passive resistance force measured by NF, the characteristic force peaks can be further analyzed to separate different contributions for more informative results. Regarding the correlations, stable and high correlations were determined between the volume(v) and both force measurements except the medial posterior SOL for MVC. Fascicle length (FL) correlations showed more of a variety since high correlation was observed for PF and FL while negligible correlation was found between P3 and FL. Further research with more parameters is needed to obtain more reliable results. Overall, not only healthy subjects but also children who suffer from muscle weakness and disabilities should be investigated for further examination.
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Grandicki, Andreas, and Mattias Lokgård. "Parametric CAD Modeling to aid Simulation-Driven Design : An evaluation and improvement of methods used at Scania." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138121.
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This report documents a thesis conducted at Scania CV AB in Södertälje, Sweden. The main purpose of the thesis has been to examine and improve upon current practices of parametric CAD-modeling at Scania, with the ultimate goal of increased design automation and simulation-driven design. The thesis was initiated with a literature study, mainly covering the fields of parametric CAD-modeling, design automation and knowledge-based engineering. Furthermore, a questionnaire and multiple interviews were conducted to assess the awareness and mind-set of the employees. Finally, a case-study was carried out to follow current methodologies, and address any deficiencies found. Some of the most important findings were that while parametric modeling has considerable potential in enabling design automation, it is crucial, and most beneficial in terms of automation efficiency, to start with the fundamentals, namely achieving a uniform modeling practice. With these findings, a new proposed methodology has been introduced, as well as a recommended plan for a widespread implementation of parametric modeling at Scania. Such implementation would allow for shorter lead-times, faster adaptation to changing conditions, and reduced development expenditures.
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Anciaux, Maëlle. "Prognostic value of macro- and microenvironment parameters in esophageal cancer: Exploration of candidate biomarkers at morphological, histopathological and molecular levels." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/312668.
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Le cancer de l’œsophage est un cancer particulièrement agressif, avec 450 000 nouveaux cas par an dans le monde. Malgré les récentes innovations thérapeutiques en oncologie, la radiochimiothérapie reste le traitement standard dans ce cancer. Ce traitement lourd est pourtant peu efficace, puisque la survie des patients 5 ans après le diagnostic atteint seulement 20%. Une meilleure connaissance des mécanismes moléculaires ainsi que de nouveaux marqueurs pronostics sont nécessaires afin de réaliser une avancée significative dans la compréhension du cancer de l’œsophage. L’objectif de ce travail concerne l’investigation de nouveaux paramètres pronostiques, macro- ou microenvironnementaux.Dans ce cadre, nous avons investigué l’impact de la composition corporelle et, plus particulièrement, de la qualité du tissu adipeux des patients sur leur survie générale. Les patients souffrant d’un cancer de l’œsophage présentent en général un statut nutritionnel complexe :l’obésité est un facteur de risque de développement d’un adénocarcinome de l’œsophage, tandis que les carcinomes épidermoïdes se développent fréquemment chez des patients malnutris. Nous avons montré que l’atténuation du tissu graisseux au CT-scan a un impact pronostique important. Spécifiquement, une faible densité de la graisse sous-cutanée et viscérale sont des facteurs pronostiques bénéfiques majeurs. Des résultats similaires ont été publiés pour d’autres cancers digestifs, notamment par notre équipe pour le cancer colorectal métastatique. Cependant, les mécanismes biologiques sous-tendant les variations de densité de ces tissus graisseux restent encore incertains. Un tissu graisseux de haute densité refléterait des adipocytes beiges, pauvres en triglycérides et métaboliquement plus actifs. Alors que des phénomènes extrinsèques à la tumeur pourraient amorcer ce phénomène, les facteurs sécrétés par la tumeur pourraient empirer ce processus et impacter l’état de santé général du patient. Nos résultats suggèrent que les traitements pourraient également aggraver ce mécanisme. L’analyse d’échantillons sanguins et de biopsies graisseuses de patients souffrant de cancers gastro-intestinaux nous permettra de dévoiler des marqueurs associés à la variation de densité graisseuse et de faire la lumière sur les mécanismes biologiques impliqués.Depuis quelques années, les motifs histopathologiques de croissance tumorale ont été l’objet de plusieurs études. Associés aux mutations génétiques de la tumeur mais aussi à son microenvironnement, ces motifs de croissance constituent le reflet de processus oncogéniques complexes. Nous avons d’abord exploré l’impact pronostique des motifs histopathologiques de croissance tumorale œsophagienne sur deux cohortes de patients. Nous avons confirmé l’impact pronostique négatif des tumeurs infiltrantes par rapport aux tumeurs expansives. Les tumeurs infiltrantes étaient également plus fréquemment associées à un Stade T et N plus avancés, ainsi qu’à la présence d’emboles lymphovasculaires et d’infiltrations péri-nerveuses. Nous avons ensuite exploré les voies de signalisation classiquement dérégulées dans la carcinogenèse sur la cohorte composée de données publiques ;ces analyses nous ont permis d’identifier l’angiogenèse, la transition épithélio-mésenchymateuse et l’inflammation comme étant surexprimées dans les tumeurs infiltrantes. Nous avons pu identifier OLR1, SFRP4 et CXCL9 comme étant trois gènes intéressants à investiguer pour chacune de ces voies, respectivement.Ces résultats n’ont pas été confirmés par qPCR dans la cohorte de validation. La qualité de l’ARN et le traitement pré- opératoire de ces patients ont réduit le nombre de patients analysables et vraisemblablement contribué à un biais important d’expression des mécanismes biologiques. Une analyse plus extensive de ces trois voies de signalisation pourrait distinguer des acteurs importants du développement de ces motifs de croissance tumorale.En conclusion, ce travail exploratoire a permis de définir plusieurs acteurs du pronostic des patients atteints d’un cancer de l’œsophage. Des analyses moléculaires supplémentaires permettront d’aborder les voies biologiques sous- tendant le développement des motifs histopathologiques de croissance tumorale, d’une part et de variation de densité du tissu graisseux, d’autre part. Ce travail permettra de dévoiler des aspects complexes et encore peu étudiés de l’agressivité des tumeurs œsophagiennes.Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Médecine)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Шепєлєв, Анатолій Єгорович, Анатолий Егорович Шепелев, and Anatolii Yehorovych Shepieliev. "Correlate with somatic three parameters of sportmanship Sumy university archery team." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/48662.
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Sport result depends a lot on morphologic features of the sportsman, that is one of the selective factors determining the sportsman's perspective.
Purpose of research is to determine body build peculiarities of the students involved in archery.
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Gudmonas, Nerijus. "Uosialapio klevo (Acer negundo L.)derėjimas ir vaisių morfologinių požymių variacija gamtinėse ir urbanizuotose buveinėse." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120831_091707-06607.
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Uosialapis klevas (Acer negundo) vienas iš 5 invazinių naikintinų augalų Lietuvoje. Dėl jo agresyvaus skverbimosi į vandens pakrančių bendrijas ir daromos žalos bioįvairovei pradėti tyrimai kuriais siekiama išsiaiškinti uosialapio klevo ekologines ir biologines savybes, populiacijų sudėtį ir daromą poveikį aplinkai. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti uosialapio klevo derėjimo ir vaisių morfologinių požymių priklausomybę nuo medžių amžiaus ir buveinės sąlygų. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti tirtų uosialapio klevo populiacijų moteriškųjų individų brandos amžių; 2. Įvertinti uosialapio klevo kekių dydžio priklausomybę nuo medžio amžiaus ir buveinės sąlygų; 3. Nustatyti vaisių morfologinių požymių priklausomybę nuo medžio amžiaus ir buveinės sąlygų; 4. Ištirti uosialapio klevo vaisių morfologinių požymių įvairovę.Ash-leaf maple (Acer negundo) is listed among 5 alien invasive plant species in Lithuania. Because of intense invasion to the habitats of river banks and negative influence on biodiversity, investigations on this species biological and ecological caracteristics were started in order to reveal its impact on natural environment. The aim of the work was to reveal fecundity and variation of fruit parameters in relationship with tree age and habitat characteristics. Following tasks were formulated: (1) to reveal age of fecundity of female individuals of ash-leaf maple; (2) to estimate dependence of raceme parameters upon tree age and habitat characteristics; (3) to reveal relationships of fruit morphological parameters with tree age and habitat characteristics; (4) to investigate variation of fruit parameters in and among populations.
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BERNACCHIA, NATASCIA. "Measurement techniques based on image processing for the assessment of biomedical parameters." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242751.
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L’imaging biomedicale rappresenta un tema importante nel settore della diagno-si e della ricerca clinica. I software per l’analisi delle immagini permettono di individuare automaticamente informazioni non visibili all’occhio umano. Lo sviluppo tecnologico e l'u-so di diverse modalità di imaging aprono una sfida circa la necessità di analizzare un volu-me significativo di immagini per garantire informazioni di alta qualità per diagnosi, tratta-mento e monitoraggio, in strutture cliniche così come a casa.
I sistemi di misura comunemente impiegati in ambiente clinico richiedono il contatto con il soggetto, provocando discomfort e risultando non adatti per tempi di osservazione lunghi. D'altra parte, il contatto può alterare la forma, la composizione dei campioni, e tecniche al-lo stato dell'arte potrebbero richiedere molto tempo e fornire bassa risoluzione.
Questa tesi di dottorato presenta una serie di applicazioni sperimentali originali dell’analisi di immagini in campo biomedicale. L'obiettivo è quello di sviluppare e validare nuove me-todologie, basate sull’analisi di immagini, per la misura senza contatto di grandezze di di-versa natura.
Lo studio tratta come prima applicazione l'estrazione di caratteristiche morfologiche di ag-gregati cellulari per studiare i processi di rigenerazione in cuori infartuati, poi lo sviluppo di una metodologia senza contatto per la misura delle proprietà meccaniche dei tendini rotulei di coniglio sottoposti a prove di trazione, e di metodi innovativi per il monitoraggio dei pa-rametri fisiologici (frequenza cardiaca e respiratoria, variazioni di volume del torace) usan-do sistemi quali il dispositivo Kinect ™ e una camera digitale.
I banchi sperimentali, progettati in questo lavoro, sono stati validati, ottenendo un'elevata correlazione rispetto ai metodi di riferimento. I sistemi, seppur diversi per molti aspetti, hanno dimostrato di essere adatti ai rispettivi compiti, confermando la fattibilità dell’approccio basato sull’imaging biomedicale.Biomedical imaging represents an important topic in the field of diagnosis and clinical research. Image analysis and processing software also helps to automatically identify what might not be apparent to the human eye. The technological development and the use of different imaging modalities create more challenges, as the need to analyse a significant volume of images so that high quality information can be produced for disease diagnosis, treatment and monitoring, in clinical structures as well as at home. All the measurement systems routinely used in clinical environment require to be put in di-rect contact with the subject, which in some cases can be uncomfortable or even non-suited for long monitoring. On the other hand, in some cases contact could alter shape or composition of the samples under study, and state-of-the-art techniques could require a lot of time and provide very low resolution. This doctoral thesis presents a series of new experimental applications of the image analysis and processing in the biomedical field. The aim was to develop and validate new method-ologies, based on image analysis, for non contact measurement of quantities of different nature. The study is focused on the extraction of morphological characteristics of cell ag-gregates to assess of the regeneration processes in infarcted hearts, the design of a non con-tact methodology to measure mechanical properties of rabbit patellar tendons subjected to tensile tests, the development of new methods for the monitoring of physiological parame-ters (heart and respiration rate, chest volume variations) through the use of image acquisi-tion systems, as Kinect™ device and a digital camera. The experimental setups, designed in this work, were validated, showing high correlation respect to the reference methods. Imaging systems, although so different in many aspects, have demonstrated to be suitable for the respective tasks, confirming the feasibility of the imaging approach in the biomedical field.
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Martins, Priscila Oliveira [UNESP]. "Cinética de absorção de silício por cultivares de cana-de-açúcar e de arroz." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86436.
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martins_po_me_botfca.pdf: 595131 bytes, checksum: 36c47785fb004c4dc8719a57463dcab7 (MD5)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O silício é considerado, para o arroz e a cana-de-açúcar, um elemento de relevada importância, pois, em muitas situações, tem proporcionado maiores tolerâncias a estresses bióticos e abióticos. No entanto, em muitas situações não tem sido constatado efeito positivo do silício, o que pode estar relacionado a fatores genéticos quanto à capacidade em adquirir silício em baixa disponibilidade e/ou utilizar o elemento absorvido com maior eficiência. Os mecanismos de absorção presentes na interface solo-raiz são influenciados por eficiência fisiológica e pela morfologia radicular das plantas, representada pelo comprimento, superfície e diâmetro das raízes. Assim, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo, mediante o acompanhamento da cinética de absorção de Si (Vmax, Km e Cmin), encontrar respostas entre cultivares de cana-de-açúcar e de arroz quanto à capacidade de absorção e utilização do silício, quando submetidas a condições distintas de disponibilidade e carência do elemento, procurando relacioná-las a parâmetros fisiológicos de absorção, parâmetros morfológicos de raízes e eficiência de utilização deste mineral. Foram realizados dois experimentos independentes, um para a cana-de-açúcar e outro para o arroz, em casa de vegetação, na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas/UNESP, em Botucatu-SP. O delineamento experimental de cada experimento foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial composto por dois cultivares distintos quanto ao acúmulo de silício para o arroz (1- alto acúmulo: Caiapó e 2- baixo acúmulo: Maravilha) e para cana-de-açúcar (1- alto acúmulo: RB85-5035 e 2- baixo acúmulo: SP81-3250) e dois níveis de silício (alto: 1,7mmol L-1 e baixo: 0,1mmol L-1), com seis repetições. Foram avaliados os parâmetros cinéticos (Vmax, Km e Cmin), parâmetros morfológicos da raiz (comprimento, diâmetro e superfície), massa...
Silicon is considered of great importance for sugar cane and rice because it can improve tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. However, silicon has not shown positive effects in many situations probably due to genetic factors related to capacity of plants to absorb this element in lower availability or/and efficiently use it. Uptake mechanisms found in root-soil interface are influenced by physiological efficiency and aspects of root morphology such as length, surface and diameter. Therefore, this research had the objective of monitoring Si uptake kinetics (Vmax, Km and Cmin) and identifying responses among sugar cane varieties and rice cultivars related to plant capacity of Si uptake and use under distinct conditions of availability and deficiency, associating them to physiological aspects of absorption, root morphology parameters and use efficiency. Two greenhouse experiments were separately carried out for sugar cane and rice in the College of Agricultural Sciences, UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. The experimental design for each crop was the completely randomized with six replications, analyzed as a factorial that consisted of two rice cultivars (1- high accumulation: ‘Caiapó’ and 2- low accumulation: ‘Maravilha’) and sugar cane varieties (1- high accumulation: RB85-5035 and 2- low accumulation: SP81-3250) with distinct silicon accumulation capacity and two silicon levels (sufficient: 1.7 mmol L-1 and insufficient: 0.1 mmol L-1). Kinetic parameters (Vmax, Km and Cmin), root morphology aspects (length, diameter and surface), dry matter, silicon accumulation and level in shoot and root, uptake efficiency, use efficiency and root/shoot ratio were evaluated for sugar cane and rice. Data was submitted to variance analysis and means were compared by the LSD test at a probability level of 5%. The higher silicon concentration in the nutrient solution did not increase neither sugar... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Talbott, Mariah Jane. "Determining morphological and biochemical parameters associated with ovarian follicular atresia and caviar quality and yield in cultured white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus)." Thesis, Montana State University, 2010. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2010/talbott/TalbottM0510.pdf.
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Harvesting sturgeon Acipenseridae when the ovarian follicles have the appropriate firmness and size is important for the caviar industry in order to produce a consistently uniform product and maximize caviar yield. Therefore, it is beneficial for the caviar industry to detect fish with atretic ovarian follicles prior to harvest, which can cause a decrease in caviar grade or complete loss of the product and to harvest fish at the correct stage of ovarian maturity to produce the highest quality and yield of caviar possible. The objectives of this study were to find a parameter that can detect early signs of ovarian follicular atresia by measuring blood plasma concentrations of sex steroids and determine if correlations exist among plasma sex steroid concentrations, morphological characteristics, and caviar yield and quality. To achieve the first objective, blood and ovarian follicles were collected repeatedly from 15 fish prior to and after inducing follicular atresia. Plasma testosterone (T) was the best indicator of the onset of atresia. Logistic regression models were used to illustrate how a threshold value of T can be determined to decrease the probability of harvesting white sturgeon with atretic ovaries. To achieve the second objective, biological samples (blood, ovarian follicles) and morphological measurements were collected from white sturgeon at caviar harvest (n = 20 per month) for five months. Analyses of parameters associated with caviar quality were limited because 92% of fish produced the same quality of caviar. Plasma E2 was correlated with caviar yield, caviar yield as a percent of body weight, and gonadosomatic index (GSI), whereas T was not correlated with either caviar yield or caviar yield as a percent of body weight. Ovarian fat varied greatly among individuals. Consequently, the ovarian stage associated with caviar yield could not be determined by measuring morphological parameters indicative of ovarian maturity. Post-hoc analyses were conducted to determine if parameters differed among ovarian fat categories. In the future, this study may benefit sturgeon conservation propagation programs by improving techniques for detection of ovarian atresia and offering a less-invasive method for estimating fecundity by utilizing the correlation between plasma E2 and GSI.
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Ajala, Michelle Cristina. "Alterações morfofisiológicas por estímulo mecânico e químico em mudas de Cordia trichotoma Vell. Arrad. ex. Steuds e Guazuma ulmifolia Lamarck." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2015. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1474.
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Previous issue date: 2015-06-10Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The last phase of seedling production, the hardening is a technique used in nurseries which aims to expose the seedlings to more severe conditions than those submitted in the growth phase, in order to prepare them for the field. Based on the above, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the application of ethylene and bending stem in two native forest species (at different times) Cordia trichotoma and Guazuma ulmifolia. The treatments consisted in the application of stem pushups 0, 10, 20 and 40 daily crunches and sprays (0 to 4) with ethylene in a factorial design in two native species. Thus, this study was subdivided into three parts. In the first part were evaluated morphological parameters of the seedlings and their survival. The variables were height of the aerial part of the plant, stem diameter, number of leaves, SPAD index and dry mass of seedlings. In the second part, we evaluated the concentration of soluble carbohydrates in leaves, cell damage through the loss of root electrolytes and the lignin content in stems of both species. In the third part evaluated the concentration of macronutrients N, P, K, Ca and Mg. The evaluated morphological parameters was found that the G.ulmifolia species decreased in the increase in height of more than 60% and 35% in diameter collect when subjected to bending stem compared to control seedlings. The most significant results occurred with 20 pushups shoot. C. trichotoma a significant decrease in the increase in height, and the application of these factors together decreased the survival of the species. In physiological parameters G. ulmifolia species showed a linear reduction in the lignin content and increased loss of electrolytes root (REL) when subjected to bending. The concentration of carbohydrates increased by 55% when combined with stem bending factors and spraying with ethylene. The species C. trichotoma there was a reduction in the concentration of lignin, REL and carbohydrates (with the application of stem crunches and spraying with ethylene). Concerning macronutrients, it was found to be reduced to N concentration (13.2%) and P (20%) in G. ulmifolia stems, while K increased with up to 23 ethylene flexing when applied. The concentration of Ca and Mg showed an increase with 26 pushups shoot. Since the application ethylene concentration decreased by 21.6% and 14% for calcium and magnesium G. ulmifolia respectively. The species C. trichotoma revealed a linear increase in the concentration of N in stems of seedlings mechanically stimulated and sprayed with ethylene. In roots, the increase was 45% flexed 10 times a day with ethylene seedlings application. The calcium content was reduced in the stems and roots when compared to control seedlings in both treatments stem and ethylene flexing C. trichotoma. The magnesium concentration was high in no spray seedlings with ethylene until stem 25 flexing while plants sprayed linearly reduced Mg concentration is increased as the stem flexing in said species
A última fase da produção de mudas, a rustificação, é uma técnica adotada em viveiros que visa expor as mudas a condições mais severas que aquelas submetidas na fase de crescimento, com o objetivo de prepará-las para o campo. Com base no exposto, objetivou-se no presente trabalho avaliar, o efeito da aplicação de etileno e flexão caulinar em duas espécies florestais nativas (em épocas distintas) Cordia trichotoma e Guazuma ulmifolia. Os tratamentos consistiram na aplicação de flexões caulinares de 0, 10, 20 e 40 flexões diárias e pulverizações (0 e 4) com etileno em esquema fatorial em duas espécies florestais nativas. Assim, subdividiu-se este trabalho em três partes. Na primeira parte, avaliaram-se parâmetros morfológicos das mudas e sua sobrevivência. As variáveis analisadas foram: altura da parte aérea do vegetal, diâmetro de colo, número de folhas, índice SPAD e massa seca das mudas. Na segunda parte, avaliou-se a concentração de carboidratos solúveis totais em folhas, o dano celular através da perda de eletrólitos radiculares e a concentração de lignina em caules de ambas as espécies. Na terceira parte, avaliou-se a concentração dos macronutrientes N, P, K, Ca e Mg. Nos parâmetros morfológicos avaliados constatou-se que a espécie G.ulmifolia apresentou redução no incremento em altura superior a 60 % e 35 % no diâmetro de coleto quando submetida à flexão caulinar comparado a mudas controle. Os resultados mais expressivos ocorreram com 20 flexões caulinares. Em C. trichotoma ocorreu uma diminuição significativa no incremento em altura, e a aplicação destes fatores em conjunto diminuiu a sobrevivência da espécie. Nos parâmetros fisiológicos a espécie G. ulmifolia apresentou uma redução linear na concentração de lignina e aumento na perda de eletrólitos radiculares (PER) quando submetida a flexões. A concentração de carboidratos aumentou em 55% quando associado a fatores flexão caulinar e pulverização com etileno. Na espécie C. trichotoma houve redução na concentração de lignina, PER e carboidratos (com a aplicação de flexões caulinares e pulverizações com etileno). Quanto aos macronutrientes, verificou-se que foi reduzida a concentração de N (13,2 %) e P (20 %) em caules de G. ulmifolia, enquanto o K aumentou com até 23 flexões quando aplicado o etileno. A concentração de Ca e Mg mostrou um acréscimo com 26 flexões caulinares. Já a aplicação de etileno diminuiu a concentração em 21,6 % e 14 % para cálcio e magnésio G. ulmifolia respectivamente. A espécie C. trichotoma revelou um aumento linear na concentração de N em caules em mudas estimuladas mecanicamente e pulverizadas com etileno. Em raízes, esse aumento foi de 45 % em mudas flexionadas 10 vezes ao dia com aplicação de etileno. O teor de cálcio foi reduzido em caules e raízes quando comparadas à mudas controle em ambos os tratamentos com flexões caulinares e etileno em C. trichotoma. A concentração de magnésio foi elevada em mudas sem pulverização com etileno em até 25 flexões caulinares, enquanto, mudas pulverizadas reduziram linearmente a concentração de Mg a medida que se elevaram as flexões caulinares na referida espécie
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Zhang, Xiaotian. "Accurate wideband measurement of human body absorption cross section in reverberation chamber : a morphological parameters study from 1 GHz to 18 GHz." Thesis, University of York, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19455/.
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The human body absorption cross section (ACS) is important in the non-ionized dosimetry, indoor channel modelling, design of electrical biomedical devices, etc. In order to find the relations between morphological parameters and the human body ACS, we developed new measurement techniques which can obtain human body ACS quickly and accurately. Empirical models were inducted from the accurate measurement results, which enables the human body ACS to be quickly evaluated from the morphological parameters. Our researches include the following parts. First, the new measurement techniques which can give ACS result accurately had been validated by measuring the ACS of a sphere model with known structure and material in the reverberation chamber (RC). The measurement result matches very well with the analytical solution of the sphere ACS. After the new measurement techniques had been validated, measurements on the human body ACS of 48 subjects were performed to find its relation to morphological parameters. A strong linear correlation between the ACS and the body surface area (BSA) was found above 6 GHz and a linear equation was inducted. No strong linear correlations between the ACS and all morphological parameters were found below 6 GHz, therefore, the coordinate of several markers on the ACS curve were correlated to the morphological parameters to evaluate the ACS below 6 GHz. At last, due to the similarities between the measured ACS and the ACS given by multilayer analytical model, a numerical method that can calculate the ACS of object with arbitrary shape was given. The numerical method was specially optimized for calculating the object with multiple thin surface layers, and its accuracy was demonstrated by solving the ACS of a 2D multilayer cylinder, of which the ACS can be solved analytically. The numerical result matches well with the analytical solution.
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Toquet, Fabien. "Study of the combined roles of the Silica/Oil/UHMWPE formulation and process parameters on morphological and electrical properties of battery Separators." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1014/document.
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Ce travail s'est concentré sur la compréhension de l'influence de la formulation et plus spécifiquement de la silice précipitée sur la résistivité électrique de séparateurs en polyéthylène destinés à des batteries au plomb. Les séparateurs de batteries en polyéthylène sont composés de silice précipitée, de polyéthylène ultra haute masse molaire (UHMWPE) et d'huile organique. La première partie de ce travail a été d'élaborer à l'échelle du laboratoire, des membranes modèles en polyéthylène. La seconde a été de comprendre l'influence de certains facteurs sur les propriétés structurales et physicochimiques des membranes. Ces facteurs sont principalement la quantité d'huile, la quantité et le grade de silice précipitée, les conditions de température lors de la cristallisation de la membrane et le mode de mise en œuvre utilisé. Les influences des quantités d'huile et de silice sur la cristallisation du polyéthylène sont méticuleusement étudiées, montrant que l'huile aide à augmenter la cristallinité finale de l'UHMWPE et que la silice joue un rôle de réservoir d'huile. Il a également été mis en évidence que la quantité ainsi que le grade de silice influencent la quantité de porosité de la membrane mouillable par l'électrolyte. La présence de silice en surface des pores est responsable de la mouillabilité de la membrane. Un paramètre empirique a donc été proposé dans le but de pouvoir quantifier l'efficacité de l'état de dispersion/distribution de la silice précipitée dans la membrane. Pour terminer, pour une formulation et un même mode de mise en œuvre, il est possible de discriminer l'efficacité des grades de silice précipitée pour l'application séparateur de batterieThis work is devoted to understand the effect of the formulation and more specifically of the precipitated silica on the resistivity of the PE-separators. The PE-separators are designed for the lead-acid batteries. PE-separators are composed of precipitated silica, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) and organic oil. The first part of this work was to elaborate PE-separator models at a laboratory scale. Then, the factors impacting the structural and physico-chemicals properties of PE-separators were investigated. These factors are mainly the amounts of oil, precipitated silica, the grade of the precipitated silica, the temperature conditions of crystallization and the device used to elaborate the membrane. The influence of the amounts of oil and precipitated silica on the crystallization of the polyethylene wasthoroughly described showing that the oil helps to increase the final crystallinity of UHMWPE and that the silica plays a role of oil reservoir. Moreover, it was shown that the amount and the grade of precipitated silica have an influence on the wettable part of the porosity of the PE-separators. The coating of the pores by the precipitated silica is responsible of the wettability of the membranes by the electrolyte. Thus, an empirical parameter has been proposed in order to quantify the efficiency of the dispersion and distribution of the precipitated silica in the membrane. The more the membranes are wettable by the electrolyte the more the resistivity of the membranes is decreased. To finish, for a same amount of components and a same method of processing, it is possible to discriminate the efficiency of each grade of precipitated silica for the battery separator application
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MIRANDA, Stevens Brandão de. "Divergências morfológicas em Stylosanthes spp. ocorrentes em Pernambuco." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2013. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6898.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The potential use of native herbaceous legumes from the Northeast of Brazil as forage are large, among them the genus Stylosanthes spp. is highlighted for its adaptability to the semiarid conditions and for its high nutritive value. This research aimed to identify morphological differences among genotypes and to estimate genetic parameters, also identify characteristics correlated with high production of dry matter with the degree of reliability in the genotypic discrimination above 80% in plants of the Stylosanthes spp. genus. Two trials were made, the first one was developed in the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), in the experimental field from the Academic Unit of Serra Talhada (UAST). Were used morphological descriptors to help in the identification of the differences among thirteen accessions of Stylosanthes spp. from the germplasm bank from UAST, these were collected in different areas from the semiarid. In the analyses of main components, was verified that plant size (PS), width of the central petiole (WCP), length of spitule attached to the petiole (LEAP), petiole length (PL) were the descriptors that showed more importance in the eigenvectors. The second trial was developed in a greenhouse in the central campus of UFRPE, were used eight accessions of Stylosanthes scabra Vog. collected in the city of Bom Jardim-PE, also was used morphological descriptors, the data were submitted to the analyses of variance, genetics parameters, Pearson’s correlation and repeatability coefficient. Were observed significant difference (P< 0.05) among the accessions for all characters evaluated, except for the plant height (PH). The characteristics showed values for heritability from 62.78 to 97.70, and for repeatability 0.19 to 0.57. The descriptors: growth habit (GH), flowering (FLO), length of spitule attached to the petiole, branching (BCH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves (NL), demonstrated positive correlation with dry matter production. Were observed genetic differences among the accessions of the Stylosanthes spp. when in field conditions, expressing the existence of the variability among them. To identify the accessions with better dry matter production at greenhouse conditions, the descriptors: growth habit, length of spitule attached to the petiole, stem diameter, number of leaves, length of central petiole, length of lateral foliole (LLF), hairiness of leaf (HL) and petiole length, were effective, requiring no more than five evaluations to predict its real value (R²=0.80).
O potencial forrageiro das leguminosas herbáceas nativas do Nordeste do Brasil é elevado, entre elas destaca-se o gênero Stylosanthes, por sua adaptabilidade às condições semiáridas e por seu elevado valor nutritivo. Este trabalho objetivou identificar divergências morfológicas entre genótipos de Stylosanthes e estimar parâmetros genéticos, bem como identificar caracteres correlacionados com maior produção de matéria seca, com grau de confiabilidade na discriminação genotípica acima de 80%, em plantas do gênero Stylosanthes. Foram realizados dois experimentos. O primeiro foi conduzido na Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), na área experimental da Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada (UAST). Foram utilizados descritores morfológicos para auxiliar na identificação da divergência morfológica entre 13 acessos de Stylosanthes spp. do banco de germoplasma da UAST, oriundos de coletas realizadas em diferentes municípios do semiárido. Na análise de componentes principais, verificou-se que, das variáveis avaliadas, o porte da planta (PT), largura do folíolo central (CFL), comprimento da estípula soldada ao pecíolo (CESP) e o comprimento do pecíolo (CP), foram os descritores que apresentaram maior peso nos autovetores. No segundo experimento, realizado em casa de vegetação na (UFRPE), foram utilizados oito acessos de Stylosanthes scabra Vog. coletados no município de Bom Jardim – PE, também foram utilizados descritores morfológicos, os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, parâmetros genéticos, correlação de Pearson e coeficiente de repetibilidade. Observou-se que, com exceção do descritor altura (ALT), houve diferença significativa (P< 0,05) entre os acessos, para todos os caracteres estudados. Os caracteres apresentaram herdabilidade entre 0,62 e 0,97 e repetibilidade 0,19 a 0,57. Os descritores hábito de crescimento (HB), florescimento (FLOR), comprimento da estípula na parte soldada ao pecíolo (CESP), ramificações (RM), diâmetro do caule (DC) e número de folhas (NF), apresentaram correlação positiva significativa com a produção de matéria seca. Observou-se divergência genética entre os acessos de Stylosanthes spp em condições de campo, o que mostra a existência de variabilidade entre os acessos. Para identificar os acessos com maior produção de matéria seca, dentre os acessos avaliados em casa de vegetação, os descritores hábito de crescimento (HB), comprimento da estípula na parte soldada ao pecíolo (CESP), diâmetro do caule (DC), número de folhas (NF), comprimento do folíolo central (CFC), comprimento do folíolo lateral (CFL), pilosidade da folha (PLF) e comprimento do pecíolo (CP), foram eficazes, necessitando de, no máximo, cinco avaliações para predizer seu valor real (R²=0,80).
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Lima, Maria Angélica Suedan Souza. "Azedinha (Rumex acetosa L.) : caracterização morfológica, requerimento nutricional e qualidade sensorial." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7110.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Azedinha (Rumex acetosa L.) has pleased the consumer for its sour taste. Considered an unconventional vegetable, their redemption becomes important to allow notable gains from the nutritional, social, cultural, economic and environmental point of view. The objective was to characterize morphologically copies of azedinha obtained from seeds, determine their sensory characteristics and acceptance, as well as analyze some physicochemical parameters, and determine the absorptions of macro and micronutrients and biometric parameters during 60 days after transplanting (DAT). The experiment was conducted at the Centro de Ciências Agrárias, belonging to the Universidade Federal São Carlos - UFSCar in the city of Araras - SP. Biometric parameters were evaluated (length of the leaf, relative leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoots) and the macro and micronutrients absorption march from plants collected at 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50 and 60 DAT. They evaluated the length, width and length / width ratio of leaf blade; petiole length and width close to the blade; diameter of the stump; the shoot length; length of ochreas; shape of the leaf blade; kind of apex; base form; type of veining and type of margin of the leaf blade; type of ochreas; characterization of the stem; length and diameter (neck) of the root. It also determined the levels of ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and chlorophyll parameter. For sensory analysis was used the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA). Sensory analysis of acceptance was conducted with 52 judges, in relation to vii appearance, aroma, flavor, texture and overall impression, as well as purchase intent. The biometric parameters increased over time after transplantation and most markedly after the recommended times for harvest (20 and 35 DAT). The maximum levels of macro and micronutrients accumulated in the shoot, in descending order were as follows: K > N > Mg > P and Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu. The morphological descriptors with greater discriminatory power for azedinha were the types of margin and venation of the leaf blade, the characterization of the stem, the presence of ochrea and shape of the leaf blade, ranging from sagittate the hastate. It also infers that the best harvest time is between 20 and 35 DAT. The average content of ascorbic acid was 10,25 mg 100g-1 sample, total phenolic 291,46 mg of gallic acid 100 g-1 dry weight and chlorophyll parameter was 36,6 SPAD units. As for the quantitative descriptive analysis, the leaves of azedinha framed up closer to dark green; most have arrow or spear shape; smooth; with sharp aroma of grape skin; more acid flavor, such as green blackberries; there was no residual bitterness; they were folding; wrinkle free; soft to chew and thin. Regarding the acceptability test, the notes to the variable color, flavor, texture and overall acceptability were high and most judges would buy this vegetable.
A azedinha (Rumex acetosa L.) tem agradado o consumidor por seu sabor ácido. Considerada hortaliça não convencional, seu resgate se torna importante ao possibilitar ganhos notáveis do ponto de vista nutricional, social, cultural, econômico e ambiental. Objetivou-se caracterizar morfologicamente exemplares de azedinha obtidos de sementes, determinar seus atributos sensoriais e aceitação, bem como analisar alguns parâmetros físico-químicos, e determinar a marcha de absorção de macro e micronutrientes e os parâmetros biométricos durante 60 dias após transplante (DAT). O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Ciências Agrárias, pertencente à Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, no município de Araras – SP. Avaliaram-se os parâmetros biométricos (comprimento da lâmina foliar, área foliar relativa, massas fresca e seca da parte aérea) e a marcha de absorção de macro e micronutrientes de plantas coletadas aos 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50 e 60 DAT. Foram avaliados o comprimento, a largura e a relação comprimento/largura das lâminas foliares; comprimento e largura do pecíolo próximo à lâmina; diâmetro da touceira; comprimento da parte aérea; comprimento das ócreas; forma da lâmina foliar; tipo de ápice; forma da base; tipo de nervação e tipo de margem da lâmina foliar; tipo de ócrea; caracterização do caule; comprimento e diâmetro (colo) da raiz. Foram determinados também os teores de ácido ascórbico, fenólicos totais e o parâmetro clorofila. Para a análise sensorial foi utilizada a Análise Descritiva Quantitativa (ADQ). A análise sensorial de v aceitação foi realizada com 52 julgadores, em relação à aparência, aroma, sabor, textura e impressão global, além da intenção de compra. Os parâmetros biométricos aumentaram ao longo do tempo após o transplante e, mais acentuadamente, após o intervalo estimado, pela literatura, para a colheita (20 a 35 DAT). Os teores máximos dos macro e micronutrientes acumulados na parte aérea, em ordem decrescente foram respectivamente: K > N > Mg > P e Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu. Os descritores morfológicos com maior poder discriminatório para a azedinha foram os tipos de margem e nervação da lâmina foliar, a caracterização do caule, a presença de ócrea e a forma da lâmina foliar, que vai de sagitada a hastada. Infere-se também que, para mudas obtidas de sementes, a melhor época de colheita é entre 20 e 35 DAT. O teor médio de ácido ascórbico foi 10,25 mg 100g-1 de amostra, de fenólicos totais foi equivalente a 291,46 mg de ácido gálico 100g-1 de massa seca e o parâmetro clorofila foi de 36,6 unidades SPAD. Quanto à análise descritiva quantitativa, as folhas de azedinha enquadraram-se mais próximas à cor verde escura; a maioria possui formato de seta ou lança; lisas; com acentuado aroma de casca de uva; sabor mais ácido, como o da amora verde; não havia amargo residual; eram dobráveis; sem rugas; macias ao mastigar e finas. Em relação ao teste de aceitabilidade, as notas para as variáveis aparência, sabor, textura e aceitação global foram altas e a maioria dos julgadores comprariam essa hortaliça.
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Scholtz, Theo. "The evaluation of the establishment and growth of indigenous trees to restore deforested riparian areas in the Mapungubwe National Park, South Africa / Theo Scholtz." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1842.
Full textAbstract:
The deforestation of riparian areas is a major concern in southern Africa. These areas are characterized as fragile ecosystems which contribute largely to the regional and global biodiversity of the world. It is therefore important to restore these degraded areas along the natural rivers of South Africa to ensure the sustainability and biodiversity of riparian corridors. Riparian areas inside the National Parks of South Africa, and especially in Mapungubwe National Park, have a high esthetical value and should be preserved for future generations. The study was conducted in the Mapungubwe National Park, which is listed as a cultural world heritage site. Plans are in place to convert it into one of Africa's biggest Transfrontier Parks, called the Limpopo/Shashe Transfrontier Conservation Area (TFCA), which will be situated between neighbouring countries Zimbabwe, Botswana and South Africa. The main purpose of this project was to establish a demonstration site for the restoration of degraded, previously cultivated lands in the deforested riparian areas in the Mapungubwe National Park, Limpopo Province. Another aim of the project was to evaluate the theoretical assumption that the growth of trees on so called "activity lines" in the environment due to geological and soil characteristics is enhanced. "Activity lines" were identified by Mr. Lynn van Rooyen of South African National Parks (SANParks) and trees of which the growth was tested, were planted both on and off "activity lines". The selection of the right type of trees for the restoration of the deforested riparian areas during active restoration applications is very important and depends on a multitude of factors. These factors include aspects such as the location with its specific vegetation, soil type and climatic conditions, the historical background of the management practices such as previous land uses, as well as other environmental impacts that previously occurred in the area to be restored. The latter can be gained through interviews with previous and present managers of the area, as well as maps, reports and aerial photographs. Ten different indigenous tree species that previously occurred in the area were planted in an experimental demonstration site of approximately 70ha, which was enclosed by an electrical game fence. The ten tree species that were evaluated included: Faidherbia albida (Ana tree), Acacia nigrescens (Knob thorn), Acacia tortilis (Umbrella thorn), Schotia brachypetala (Weeping boer-bean), Acacia xanthophloea (Fever tree), Lonchocarpus capassa, recently renamed Philenoptera violacea (Apple-leaf), Salvadora australis (Narrow-leaved mustard tree), Adansonia digitata (Baobab), Combretum imberbe (Leadwood) and Xanthocercis zambesiaca (Nyala tree). With the aid of aerial photographs, phytosociological studies, interviews with previous and present land users and managers, as well as existing surrounding vegetation, four different zones within the enclosure were identified according to ecotones. The establishment, growth and survival rate of the different tree species were monitored using morphological and physiological vegetation sampling techniques, as well as leaf component analyses on individuals of selected species. Soil physical and chemical analyses were carried out in the four different blocks identified within the experimental site. Data analysis was carried out on both the soil and leaf component analyses using the CANOCO-package. The establishment of the experimental site was successful, and important information was collected on various aspects of restoration activities. Positive growth effects were also observed in certain indigenous tree species concerning the "activity line" effect, especially with regard to Acacia tortilis and Combretum imberbe. However, the preliminary results obtained through this pilot study showed no conclusive evidence to what exactly stimulated the enhanced growth phenomena observed in certain individual tree species planted on "activity lines". Additional watering was identified as the most important factor contributing to successful establishment and growth of indigenous tree species in this semi-arid area. Various results showed a multiplying effect when a combination of additional watering and "activity lines" was applied. It was concluded that, should any further restoration work be conducted in the degraded areas of the Mapungubwe National Park, the planting of trees should be done on "activity lines" and with the addition of water. This will result in higher establishment rates of transplanted trees and speed up the succession processes involved in the natural "healing process" of degraded areas. Parameters that should be used for monitoring tree growth include the trunk thickness at the base, trunk thickness at 30cm from the base, and the length of the tree in its natural growth form. Recommendations were also made as reference for future restoration practices to ensure better and more successful and sustainable outcomes in the planting of trees. These include the use of nurse plants such as Acacia tortilis and Salvadora australis to establish a more favourable microclimate for climax species, as well as the establishment of a preferred herbaceous layer. Care should be taken in the period required for the cultivation of indigenous trees before they are transplanted into the field, as a prolonged cultivation period could lead to a circular growth form of the root system, preventing sufficient penetration ability of the roots into deeper, more nutrient rich soils. Before trees can be planted into the field, a hardening period must be applied to all seedlings for at least a three week period. This entails the exposure to more direct sunlight for longer periods as well as a reduction in the water applied weekly. Special attention should be paid to the stresses caused by herbivory, especially that of termites and porcupines. The maintenance of the exclosure is a critical factor contributing to the successful outcomes of this particular restoration project. Problem animals, especially elephants, should be kept out of the exclosure at all costs. The results of this project can be used in this ongoing restoration program, as well as in other related projects in semi-arid, degraded savannah areas over the long-term.Thesis (M.Sc. (Botany))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
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SPADOLA, GIORGIO. "CARATTERIZZAZIONE DELLA MICOFLORA ASSOCIATA AI PRODOTTI CARNEI STAGIONATI SUINI CON PARTICOLARE RIFERIMENTO ALLA PRESENZA DI PENICILLIUM NORDICUM ED AL SUO BIOCONTROLLO." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2474.
Full textAbstract:
Penicillium nordicum è un importante contaminante di salumi, rappresentanando il 10 % e il 26 % della popolazione di Penicillium spp . isolati , rispettivamente dall'aria e dai prodotti carnei stagionati in un'indagine gestita in Italia ( Battilani et al. , 2007). Diverse colonie di P. nordicum isolate dai salumi hanno dimostrato di essere importanti produttori di ocratossina A , OTA ( Sansom e Frisvad , 2004 . Pietri et al, 2006 ; . Battilani et al , 2010). Attualmente, l'impostazione appropriata delle condizioni ambientali (temperatura, umidità relativa e circolazione dell'aria ), è l'unico strumento accettato per impedire la crescita incontrollata di P. nordicum all'interno degli impianti di stagionatura attraverso una accurata analisi dei punti critici di controllo e l’ideazione di un relativo piano HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) ben struttutato ( Asefa et al , 2011; Virgili et al , 2012). Anche se il sistema HACCP è stato applicato con successo nel settore alimentare ci sono rischi per la sicurezza alimentare non attentamente considerati. Questo è particolarmente vero per quanto riguarda i rischi micotossigeni associati ai prodotti alimentari di origine animale. Il termine "rischi micotossigeni" è utilizzato da Asefa et al. ( 2011) per descrivere lieviti patogeni e metaboliti secondari tossici prodotti da specie fungine tossigene che contaminano i prodotti alimentari e incidono sulla sicurezza alimentare. La maggior parte dei piani HACCP nelle attività di trasformazione alimentare, come ad esempio la produzione di formaggi e di prodotti carnei stagionati, tiene in considerazione principalmente il rischio derivante da agenti batterici (Arvanitoyannis e Mavropoulos, 2000; Barbuti e Parolari, 2002) anche se tali prodotti alimentari vengono spesso contaminati da funghi micotossigeni e dai loro metaboliti (Spotti et al 1989; Spotti et al , 2001a; Battilani et al 2007). Pertanto, dovrebbe essere cruciale definire un piano HACCP specificamente incentrato sui rischi micotossigeni.
L'identificazione, il controllo e la standardizzazione della micoflora superficie dei salumi è fondamentale per preservare la sicurezza delle produzioni e la salute dei consumatori . Questo è il contesto in cui deve essere valutata l’efficacia e l’affidabilità per l’identificazione delle popolazioni di Penicillium spp di interessante per la produzione alimentare.
In questo contesto , il progetto di ricerca di questa tesi di dottorato ha cercato di approfondire le conoscenze su tali tematiche con l'intento di limitare il rischio micotossigeno nella catena di produzione dei prodotti carnei stagionati.
Sono stati affrontati i seguenti argomenti:
1 . studio della composizione e dinamica della microflora fungina presente sulla superficie dei salumi (prodotto testato, salame) e l'aria di ambienti di stagionatura tenendo conto dell'influenza di alcuni parametri di processo (inoculo starter, temperatura, fase produttiva).
2 . sviluppo di un metodo MALDI TOF MS per l'identificazione di Penicilium a livello di specie per le prospettive future di screening diretti della microflora presente sui salumi.
3 . confronto e integrazione di diverse tecniche, come l'analisi morfologica, l’analisi molecolare e l’analisi tramite spettrometria di massa, per l'identificazione delle specie di Penicillium presenti nei salumi.
4 . valutazione dei lieviti selezionati, isolati dalla superficie di prosciutto crudo, per competere con P. nordicum ed inibire l'accumulo di OTA nella prospettiva del loro uso come starter superficiali con funzione di agenti di biocontrollo.Penicillium nordicum is an important contaminant of cured meat products, representing 10% and 26% of the Penicillium spp. isolated, respectively, from the air or the products in a survey managed in Italy (Battilani et al., 2007). Several P. nordicum cured meat isolates proved to be important producers of ochratoxin A, OTA (Sansom and Frisvad, 2004; Pietri et al., 2006; Battilani et al., 2010). Currently, the appropriate setting of environmental conditions (temperature, relative humidity and air circulation), is the only accepted tool to prevent the uncontrolled growth of P. nordicum inside dry-curing plants through a carefully structured Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan (Asefa et al., 2011; Virgili et al., 2012). Even if the HACCP system has been successfully applied in the food industry, there are food safety hazards not carefully considered. This is especially true with regard to mycotoxigenic hazards associated with animal food products. The term “mycotoxigenic hazards” is used by Asefa et al. (2011) to describe pathogenic yeasts and toxic secondary metabolites of toxigenic moulds that contaminate food products and affect food safety. Most HACCP plans in food processing activities, such as the production of cheese and dry-cured meat products, considered mainly bacterial agents (Arvanitoyannis and Mavropoulos, 2000; Barbuti and Parolari, 2002), even if such food products get often contaminated with mycotoxigenic fungi and their metabolites (Spotti et al 1989; Spotti et al., 2001a; Battilani et al 2007). Therefore, it should be crucial to define a HACCP plan specifically focused on the mycotoxigenic hazards. The identification, control and standardization of the surface mycoflora of cured meat products is mandatory to preserve the productions safety and the consumers health. This is the context of the effectiveness and reliability evaluation for the Penicillium spp. identification methods of interesting species for food production. In this context, the research project of this PHD thesis tried to fill some gaps of knowledge with the attempt to limit the mycotoxigenic risk in the cured meat products chain. The following topics were faced: 1. study of the composition and dynamic of fungal microflora present on the surface of cured meat products (salami) and the air of seasoning environments taking into account the influence of some process parameters (starter inoculum, curing temperature, stage of seasoning). 2. development of a MALDI TOF MS method for the identification of Penicilium at species level for future direct screening perspectives of the microflora present on cured meat products. 3. comparison and integration of different techniques, as morphological, molecular and mass spectral analysis, for the identification of Penicillium species in cured meat products. 4. evaluation of selected yeasts, isolated from dry-cured ham surface, to compete with P. nordicum and to inhibit OTA accumulation in the perspective of their use as surface starter biocontrol agents.
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SPADOLA, GIORGIO. "CARATTERIZZAZIONE DELLA MICOFLORA ASSOCIATA AI PRODOTTI CARNEI STAGIONATI SUINI CON PARTICOLARE RIFERIMENTO ALLA PRESENZA DI PENICILLIUM NORDICUM ED AL SUO BIOCONTROLLO." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2474.
Full textAbstract:
Penicillium nordicum è un importante contaminante di salumi, rappresentanando il 10 % e il 26 % della popolazione di Penicillium spp . isolati , rispettivamente dall'aria e dai prodotti carnei stagionati in un'indagine gestita in Italia ( Battilani et al. , 2007). Diverse colonie di P. nordicum isolate dai salumi hanno dimostrato di essere importanti produttori di ocratossina A , OTA ( Sansom e Frisvad , 2004 . Pietri et al, 2006 ; . Battilani et al , 2010). Attualmente, l'impostazione appropriata delle condizioni ambientali (temperatura, umidità relativa e circolazione dell'aria ), è l'unico strumento accettato per impedire la crescita incontrollata di P. nordicum all'interno degli impianti di stagionatura attraverso una accurata analisi dei punti critici di controllo e l’ideazione di un relativo piano HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) ben struttutato ( Asefa et al , 2011; Virgili et al , 2012). Anche se il sistema HACCP è stato applicato con successo nel settore alimentare ci sono rischi per la sicurezza alimentare non attentamente considerati. Questo è particolarmente vero per quanto riguarda i rischi micotossigeni associati ai prodotti alimentari di origine animale. Il termine "rischi micotossigeni" è utilizzato da Asefa et al. ( 2011) per descrivere lieviti patogeni e metaboliti secondari tossici prodotti da specie fungine tossigene che contaminano i prodotti alimentari e incidono sulla sicurezza alimentare. La maggior parte dei piani HACCP nelle attività di trasformazione alimentare, come ad esempio la produzione di formaggi e di prodotti carnei stagionati, tiene in considerazione principalmente il rischio derivante da agenti batterici (Arvanitoyannis e Mavropoulos, 2000; Barbuti e Parolari, 2002) anche se tali prodotti alimentari vengono spesso contaminati da funghi micotossigeni e dai loro metaboliti (Spotti et al 1989; Spotti et al , 2001a; Battilani et al 2007). Pertanto, dovrebbe essere cruciale definire un piano HACCP specificamente incentrato sui rischi micotossigeni.
L'identificazione, il controllo e la standardizzazione della micoflora superficie dei salumi è fondamentale per preservare la sicurezza delle produzioni e la salute dei consumatori . Questo è il contesto in cui deve essere valutata l’efficacia e l’affidabilità per l’identificazione delle popolazioni di Penicillium spp di interessante per la produzione alimentare.
In questo contesto , il progetto di ricerca di questa tesi di dottorato ha cercato di approfondire le conoscenze su tali tematiche con l'intento di limitare il rischio micotossigeno nella catena di produzione dei prodotti carnei stagionati.
Sono stati affrontati i seguenti argomenti:
1 . studio della composizione e dinamica della microflora fungina presente sulla superficie dei salumi (prodotto testato, salame) e l'aria di ambienti di stagionatura tenendo conto dell'influenza di alcuni parametri di processo (inoculo starter, temperatura, fase produttiva).
2 . sviluppo di un metodo MALDI TOF MS per l'identificazione di Penicilium a livello di specie per le prospettive future di screening diretti della microflora presente sui salumi.
3 . confronto e integrazione di diverse tecniche, come l'analisi morfologica, l’analisi molecolare e l’analisi tramite spettrometria di massa, per l'identificazione delle specie di Penicillium presenti nei salumi.
4 . valutazione dei lieviti selezionati, isolati dalla superficie di prosciutto crudo, per competere con P. nordicum ed inibire l'accumulo di OTA nella prospettiva del loro uso come starter superficiali con funzione di agenti di biocontrollo.Penicillium nordicum is an important contaminant of cured meat products, representing 10% and 26% of the Penicillium spp. isolated, respectively, from the air or the products in a survey managed in Italy (Battilani et al., 2007). Several P. nordicum cured meat isolates proved to be important producers of ochratoxin A, OTA (Sansom and Frisvad, 2004; Pietri et al., 2006; Battilani et al., 2010). Currently, the appropriate setting of environmental conditions (temperature, relative humidity and air circulation), is the only accepted tool to prevent the uncontrolled growth of P. nordicum inside dry-curing plants through a carefully structured Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan (Asefa et al., 2011; Virgili et al., 2012). Even if the HACCP system has been successfully applied in the food industry, there are food safety hazards not carefully considered. This is especially true with regard to mycotoxigenic hazards associated with animal food products. The term “mycotoxigenic hazards” is used by Asefa et al. (2011) to describe pathogenic yeasts and toxic secondary metabolites of toxigenic moulds that contaminate food products and affect food safety. Most HACCP plans in food processing activities, such as the production of cheese and dry-cured meat products, considered mainly bacterial agents (Arvanitoyannis and Mavropoulos, 2000; Barbuti and Parolari, 2002), even if such food products get often contaminated with mycotoxigenic fungi and their metabolites (Spotti et al 1989; Spotti et al., 2001a; Battilani et al 2007). Therefore, it should be crucial to define a HACCP plan specifically focused on the mycotoxigenic hazards. The identification, control and standardization of the surface mycoflora of cured meat products is mandatory to preserve the productions safety and the consumers health. This is the context of the effectiveness and reliability evaluation for the Penicillium spp. identification methods of interesting species for food production. In this context, the research project of this PHD thesis tried to fill some gaps of knowledge with the attempt to limit the mycotoxigenic risk in the cured meat products chain. The following topics were faced: 1. study of the composition and dynamic of fungal microflora present on the surface of cured meat products (salami) and the air of seasoning environments taking into account the influence of some process parameters (starter inoculum, curing temperature, stage of seasoning). 2. development of a MALDI TOF MS method for the identification of Penicilium at species level for future direct screening perspectives of the microflora present on cured meat products. 3. comparison and integration of different techniques, as morphological, molecular and mass spectral analysis, for the identification of Penicillium species in cured meat products. 4. evaluation of selected yeasts, isolated from dry-cured ham surface, to compete with P. nordicum and to inhibit OTA accumulation in the perspective of their use as surface starter biocontrol agents.
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Ho, Doris Mer Lin [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Fanghänel. "Study on the applicability of structural and morphological parameters on selected uranium compounds for nuclear forensic purposes / Doris Mer Lin Ho ; Betreuer: Thomas Fanghänel." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1180395824/34.
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Ho, Mer Lin Doris [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Fanghänel. "Study on the applicability of structural and morphological parameters on selected uranium compounds for nuclear forensic purposes / Doris Mer Lin Ho ; Betreuer: Thomas Fanghänel." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-heidok-185959.
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Fauerharmel, Mariana. "CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. EM DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS E LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8751.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThe purpose of this work was to evaluate the development of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong seedlings produced with different substrates combined with irrigation water blade. The study was developed in the Tree Nursery of the Department of Forest Sciences at the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM-Universidade Federal de Santa Maria). The seeds used were collected from donor trees in the region of Santa Maria (RS). The substrates used were peat-based commercial (CS) and the mixture of the latter with carbonized rice husks (CRH), forming the following treatments: S1 (100% CS), S2 (80% CS + 20% CRH), S3 (60% CS + 40% CRH) and S4 (40% CS + 60% CRH) and the gross blades of daily irrigation water - GB-Gross Blades were 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 mm.day-1. The design used was randomized blocks (four blocks) in a factorial scheme. The parameters height (H), stem diameter (SD) and H/SD ratio were obtained in a factorial scheme 4x5x4. For the aerial dry mass (ADM), root dry mass (RDM), total dry mass (TDM), ADM/RDM ratio and Dickson Quality Index (DQI), the factorial 4x5 was used respectively for the factors CS and irrigation blade, these parameters were obtained 150 days after sowing. One hundred and twenty days after sowing, the physiological parameters, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids were evaluated and correlated with the morphological ones (H, SD and H/SD), also seen at 120 days. In this analysis we used 4x3 factorial, represented by four substrates and three blades gross daily irrigation (4, 12 and 20 mm.dia-1). The results indicated that the substrate based on peat mixed with 20% carbonized rice husk, when combined with gross irrigation blade of 8 mm.day-1 provides the appropriate seedlings Enterolobium contortisiliquum growth with greater economy of water and substrate. The correlation of morphological and physiological parameters observed in seedlings is low, so H, SD and H/SD may not be used for reference on the contents of chlorophyll. At 120 days after sowing, the height was greater in the 4 and 12 mm.day-1, possibly because 8 mm.day-1 was not used for analysis, while the diameter proved superior at S1 and S2, confirming the response at 150 days. As to the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, they were larger when the seedlings received smaller amounts of water daily, indicating that the greater water blade compromised the seedling development and 20% of rice husk mixed with peat.
Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o desenvolvimento de mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong produzido sob diferentes substratos combinados com lâminas de irrigação. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Viveiro Florestal, do Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Foram utilizadas sementes coletadas de árvores matrizes na região de Santa Maria (RS). Os substratos utilizados foram comercial a base de turfa (SC) e a mistura deste à casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC), constituindo os seguintes tratamentos: S1 (100% SC), S2 (80% SC + 20% CAC), S3 (60% SC + 40% CAC) e S4 (40% SC + 60% CAC) e as lâminas brutas de irrigação diária LB foram de 4, 8, 12, 16 e 20 mm.dia-1. O delineamento utilizado foi blocos casualizados (quatro blocos) em esquema fatorial. Os parâmetros altura (H), diâmetro do coleto (DC) e relação H/DC foram obtidos em esquema fatorial 4x5x4. Para a massa seca aérea (MSA), massa seca radicular (MSR), massa seca total (MST), relação MSA/MSR e Ìndice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD), utilizou o fatorial 4x5, respectivamente para os fatores SC e lâmina de irrigação, parâmetros que foram obtidos 150 dias após semeadura. Aos 120 dias após semeadura foram avaliados os parâmetros fisiológicos teor de clorofila a, clorofila b, clorofila total e carotenoides, os quais foram correlacionados aos morfológicos (H, DC e H/DC), também observados aos 120 dias. Nesta análise utilizou-se fatorial 4x3, representado pelos 4 substratos e 3 lâminas brutas de irrigação diária (4, 12 e 20 mm.dia-1). Os resultados indicaram que o substrato a base de turfa misturado com 20% de casca de arroz carbonizada, quando combinado com lâmina bruta de irrigação de 8 mm.dia-1 proporciona crescimento adequado às mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum, com maior economia de água e substrato. A correlação dos parâmetros morfológicos e fisiológicos observada nas mudas é baixa, assim H, D e H/DC não podem ser utilizados para referenciar sobre os teores de clorofila. Aos 120 dias após semeadura, a altura foi maior nas irrigações de 4 e 12 mm.dia-1, possivelmente, porque 8 mm.dia-1 não foi utilizada na análise, enquanto o diâmetro mostrou-se superior em S1 e S2, confirmando a resposta aos 150 dias. Em relação aos teores de clorofilas e carotenoides, estes foram maiores quando as mudas receberam menores quantidades de água diariamente, indicando que a maior lâmina compromete o desenvolvimento das mudas e com 20% de casca de arroz misturado à turfa.
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Tarvydas, Arūnas. "Žemaitijos nacionalinio parko paprastosios eglės (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) medynų būklės analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090810_130706-55431.
Full textAbstract:
Didėjant aplinkos taršai ir miškų nykimui, vis didesnę reikšmę įgyja medžių fiziologinės funkcijos ir biocheminės-biofizinės reakcijos. Iš visų medžių rūšių spygliuočiai yra patys jautriausi teršalų indikatoriai, savo morfologiniais pokyčiais signalizuojantys apie pasikeitusią aplinkos būklę.
Žemaitijos nacionalinis parkas įsteigtas Lietuvos Respublikos Aukščiausios Tarybos 1991 m. balandžio 23 d. įsteigtas tam, kad būtų išsaugoti nacionalinės svarbos kraštovaizdžio kompleksai bei antropoekosistemos, reprezentuojančios Žemaitijos etnokultūrinės srities gamtinius ir kultūrinius savitumus, saugoti, tvarkyti ir naudojimui reguliuoti. Nuo septinto dešimtmečio susirūpinus pavienių gamtos ir kultūros objektų – atodangų, medžių, piliakalnių, pastatų ir pan. – išsaugojimu, kai kurioms šio krašto vertybėms buvo suteiktas gamtos ar kultūros paminklo statusas.
Pagal tarptautinio miškų monitoringo metodiką (Manual on Methods <…>, 1994), buvo ištirta Žemaitijos nacionalinio parko 408 paprastosios eglės (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) apskaitos medžių pagal svarbiausius I-ojo lygio miškų monitoringo rodiklius: Krafto klasę, perimetrą, viršūnės būklę, sausų šakų kiekį, derėjimą, spyglių išsilaikymo amžių, lajos formą, lajos pažeidimo tipą, lajos defoliaciją, 1/3 lajos defoliaciją, vizualiai pastebimus medžių pažeidimus.
Morfologinių rodiklių reikšmės indikuoja, kad Žemaitijos nacionalinio parko eglynų būklė yra gana gera: eglių sausų šakų vidutinis kiekis – 18,62±0,32 %, spyglių išsilaikymo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]While environment pollution and forest disappearance are constantly increasing physiological functions and biochemical – biophysical reactions of trees are gaining growing significance. Conifers are the most sensitive indicators of pollution of all the kinds of trees; they, using their morphological changes, can signalize about aberrant environmental condition. Žemaitijos National Park was established by Lithuanian Republic Highest Council in 1991 in order to conserve the landscape complexes of national importance and anthropoecosystems, representing the nature and culture distinction of Žemaitija ethnografical district. Besides, one of the main purpose of Žemaitija National Park is to save, arrange and regulate the using of these nature and culture resources. In the 7th decade it was bothered about the conserving the single objects – exposures, trees, mounds, buildings etc., some of them was provided the status of nature or culture monument. According to international methods of forestry monitoring (Manual on Methods <…>, 1994), 408 vulgar firs (Picea abies (L.) H.Karst) have been investigated. The main indices of the 1st level forestry monitoring have been assessed: Kraft rating, perimeter, the condition of treetop, the amount of dead branches, crop, the age of thorn persistence, tree form, the type of lesion, defoliation, 1/3 of defoliation and violation that can be seen visually. The age of thorn persistence, defoliation and 1/3 of defoliation have been chosen as main... [to full text]
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Mackových, Marek. "Analýza experimentálních EKG." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241981.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is focused on the analysis of experimental ECG records drawn up in isolated rabbit hearts and aims to describe changes in EKG caused by ischemia and left ventricular hypertrophy. It consists of a theoretical analysis of the problems in the evaluation of ECG during ischemia and hypertrophy, and describes an experimental ECG recording. Theoretical part is followed by a practical section which describes the method for calculating morphological parameters, followed by ROC analysis to evaluate their suitability for the classification of hypertrophy and at the end is focused on classification.
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Budreckis, Donatas. "Maistui skerdžiamų avių kiekiai ir mėsos kokybė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130618_095821-24359.
Full textAbstract:
Per pastaruosius tris dešimtmečius įvyko daug socialinių, ekonominių pokyčių, padidėjęs visuomenės sąmoningumas keičia gyvenimo būdą ir poreikį aukštesniems gyvenimo standartams. kurie savo ruožtu iškėlė labiau integruoto maisto saugos požiūrio reikalingumą. Pasikeitė žemės ūkio produktų gamybos, perdirbimo, pardavimo ir vartojimo struktūra. Padidėję gyvulinių produktų mainai sudarė sąlygas vartotojams gauti pigesnį ir įvairesnį maistą, bet tapo sunkiau atsekti produktų kelią nuo gamintojo iki galutinio vartotojo.
Šiandieninė situacija skirtinguose Lietuvos žemės ūkio sektoriuose keičiasi. Mažėjant ūkių, mažėja, kai kurių auginamų gyvulių skaičius. Statistikos departamento duomenimis nurodoma, kad šiuo metu Lietuvoje yra 105 tūkst. ūkių, kuriuose auginami galvijai. 2012 m. pradžiai mūsų šalyje buvo priskaičiuota 748 tūkst. galvijų, 9264 tūkst. kiaulių, 9466,3 tūkst. paukščių, 79 tūkst. avių. Sparčiausiai auga paukštienos, ypač kalakutienos paklausa, palaipsniui didėja avienos, ožkienos, triušienos, žvėrienos poreikis. Tai siejama su vartotojų požiūrio į sveikesnį maistą kitimu.
Atsakomybė už galutinį produktą, kuris patenka ant vartotojo stalo prasideda nuo pašaro gamintojo ir apima tiekėjus, gamybos įmones, augintojus, aptarnaujantį veterinarijos gydytoją, galimus prekybos tarpininkus, skerdyklas ir produkcijos perdirbimo įmones iki mažmeninės prekybos. Pirmoje vietoje turi būti saugumas, stabilumas ir skaidrumas visuose gamybos lygmenyse, taip pat duomenų perdavimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]This final study is written in the Lithuanian language, containing 59 pages and includes: an introduction, literature review, materials and methods, results, conclusions, a list of used literature including references 140, tables 12 and pictures 4. Many social and economical changes have occurred within the three recent decades, increased consciousness of the society changes the life style and the need for higher standards of life, they subsequently revealed the necessity of more integrated attitude towards food safety. The structure of production, processing, sales and consumption of agricultural products has changed. Increased exchange of animal products allowed users to get cheaper food and bigger variety thereof, but tracing the path of products from the manufacturer to the end user became more difficult. Today the situation in different sectors of Lithuanian agriculture is changing. As the amount of farms is decreasing, the amount of some of the bred animals is decreasing as well. According to the data from the Department of Statistics, there currently are 105000 farms breeding cattle in Lithuania. In the beginning of 2012, there were 748000 cattle, 9264000 pigs, 9466300 birds, 79000 sheep in our country. The demand for poultry, especially turkey, is increasing the most, the need for sheep meat, goat meat, rabbit meat, game meat is gradually increasing. It is associated with the change of attitude of users towards healthier food. Responsibility for the final product... [to full text]
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Lukic, Veronika. "Examination of physiological and morphological parameters of a population of lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. spp. latifolia, seedling roots in relation to first year seedling growth." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq22629.pdf.
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Carvalho, Marcos Alberto Francisco de. "Resposta de clones de Eucalyptus ao ataque da microvespa-da-galha Leptocybe invasa." Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/450.
Full textAbstract:
A microvespa-da-galha (Leptocybe invasa) é uma praga que causa sérios danos em plantações jovens e mudas de eucalipto. Entretanto, ainda não existe método de controle eficaz para combater esta praga. Por isso, existe o desafio de se desenvolver materiais vegetais que possam oferecer maiores graus de resistência a esta praga. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a resposta de diferentes clones de Eucalyptus, expostos ao ataque da microvespa-da-galha (Leptocybe invasa). Para a obtenção de tais respostas, clones de eucalyptos foram divididos em dois subgrupos: plantas expostas e plantas não expostas. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o ataque da microvespa-da-galha afetou o crescimento em altura e diâmetro do coleto em todos os clones avaliados quando comparado com a média de crescimento das plantas não expostas. Em termos de valores absolutos, houve maior efeito de parasitismo na perda de crescimento em porcentagem na variável altura do que no diâmetro do coleto. As curvas de regressão determinaram que todos os clones foram suscetíveis ao ataque da microvespa-da-galha. A qualidade das plantas infestadas apresentaram níveis de robustez baixos e adequados para o índice de quociente de robustez. Os sintomas visuais de parasitismo foram observados em todos os clones, apresentando diferentes números médios de presença de sintomas de oviposição por clone. O desenvolvimento de galhas foi confirmado em todas as plantas parasitadas, não apresentando diferença estatística entre os valores analisados estatisticamente, embora o maior número de galhas fosse registrado nos clones Eucalyptus urophylla e Eucalyptus urograndis do que no Eucalyptus urocam. Estes resultados representam na prática o comportamento desta praga em resposta a diferentes materiais vegetais comerciais estudados. Podendo assim, contribuir para a determinação de futuros métodos de controle de L. invasa.The eucalyptus gall wasp (Leptocybe invasa) is a pest that causes serious damage in young plantations and seedlings of eucalypt. However, there is still no method of control to combat this pest. Therefore, there is a challenge to develop plant materials that can offer higher degrees of resistance to this pest. Thus, this study aimed to determine the response of different Eucalyptus clones exposed to the attack of eucalyptus gall wasp. In order to undertake the study clones of eucalyptus were divided in two subgroups: exposed plants and unexposed plants. The results showed that the attack of eucalyptus gall wasp affected growth in height and collar diameter in all clones evaluated in comparison with the average growth of unexposed plants. In terms of absolute values there was a higher effect of parasitism on growth in percentage in the height variable than in collar diameter. Regression curves determined that all clones were susceptible to the attack of eucalyptus gall wasp. The quality of infested plants showed low levels of robustness being adequate to sturdiness quotient. The visual symptoms associated with parasitism were observed in all clones, presenting different average numbers of presence of oviposition symptoms for clone. The development of galls was confirmed in all infested plants, presenting no statistical difference between the values analyzed although the higher number of galls was registered in Eucalyptus urophylla and Eucalyptus urograndis than in Eucalyptus urocam. These results show the pest behavior in response to different commercial plant materials studied. Thus, this study can contribute to determine future methods to control L.invasa.
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Fusco, Roberta <1985>. "Lesion detection and classification in breast cancer: evaluation of approaches based on morphological features, tracer kinetic modelling and semi-quantitative parameters in MR functional imaging (DCE-MRI)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5302/1/Tesi_Fusco.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The diagnosis, grading and classification of tumours has benefited considerably from the development of DCE-MRI which is now essential to the adequate clinical management of many tumour types due to its capability in detecting active angiogenesis.
Several strategies have been proposed for DCE-MRI evaluation. Visual inspection of contrast agent concentration curves vs time is a very simple yet operator dependent procedure, therefore more objective approaches have been developed in order to facilitate comparison between studies. In so called model free approaches, descriptive or heuristic information extracted from time series raw data have been used for tissue classification. The main issue concerning these schemes is that they have not a direct interpretation in terms of physiological properties of the tissues.
On the other hand, model based investigations typically involve compartmental tracer kinetic modelling and pixel-by-pixel estimation of kinetic parameters via non-linear regression applied on region of interests opportunely selected by the physician. This approach has the advantage to provide parameters directly related to the pathophysiological properties of the tissue such as vessel permeability, local regional blood flow, extraction fraction, concentration gradient between plasma and extravascular-extracellular space. Anyway, nonlinear modelling is computational demanding and the accuracy of the estimates can be affected by the signal-to-noise ratio and by the initial solutions.
The principal aim of this thesis is investigate the use of semi-quantitative and quantitative parameters for segmentation and classification of breast lesion. The objectives can be subdivided as follow: describe the principal techniques to evaluate time intensity curve in DCE-MRI with focus on kinetic model proposed in literature; to evaluate the influence in parametrization choice for a classic bi-compartmental kinetic models; to evaluate the performance of a method for simultaneous tracer kinetic modelling and pixel classification; to evaluate performance of machine learning techniques training for segmentation and classification of breast lesion.
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Fusco, Roberta <1985>. "Lesion detection and classification in breast cancer: evaluation of approaches based on morphological features, tracer kinetic modelling and semi-quantitative parameters in MR functional imaging (DCE-MRI)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5302/.
Full textAbstract:
The diagnosis, grading and classification of tumours has benefited considerably from the development of DCE-MRI which is now essential to the adequate clinical management of many tumour types due to its capability in detecting active angiogenesis.
Several strategies have been proposed for DCE-MRI evaluation. Visual inspection of contrast agent concentration curves vs time is a very simple yet operator dependent procedure, therefore more objective approaches have been developed in order to facilitate comparison between studies. In so called model free approaches, descriptive or heuristic information extracted from time series raw data have been used for tissue classification. The main issue concerning these schemes is that they have not a direct interpretation in terms of physiological properties of the tissues.
On the other hand, model based investigations typically involve compartmental tracer kinetic modelling and pixel-by-pixel estimation of kinetic parameters via non-linear regression applied on region of interests opportunely selected by the physician. This approach has the advantage to provide parameters directly related to the pathophysiological properties of the tissue such as vessel permeability, local regional blood flow, extraction fraction, concentration gradient between plasma and extravascular-extracellular space. Anyway, nonlinear modelling is computational demanding and the accuracy of the estimates can be affected by the signal-to-noise ratio and by the initial solutions.
The principal aim of this thesis is investigate the use of semi-quantitative and quantitative parameters for segmentation and classification of breast lesion. The objectives can be subdivided as follow: describe the principal techniques to evaluate time intensity curve in DCE-MRI with focus on kinetic model proposed in literature; to evaluate the influence in parametrization choice for a classic bi-compartmental kinetic models; to evaluate the performance of a method for simultaneous tracer kinetic modelling and pixel classification; to evaluate performance of machine learning techniques training for segmentation and classification of breast lesion.
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Fabris, Margherita <1979>. "The macrophyte vegetation of running waters in the North-East of Italy: a study of the influence of morphological variables and chemical parameters on the aquatic plant community." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1011.
Full textAbstract:
The WFD requires the assessment of the running waters based on various biotic elements, one of them being macrophytes. In Italy there is no official bioindication method based on aquatic vegetation and the data about it are still few.
The present work focuses on the relationships between macrophyte biocenosis and environmental variables of the river ecosystem, in order to understand which are the most important factors, in determining the presence and kind of aquatic plant community.
The detected variables are then used to characterize and describe different river types, with reference to their aquatic community. Particular attention is devoted to the relation between plant species and nutrient concentration in water that is the base of many trophic macrophyte indexes.
The study was conducted on 54 sites localised along different water courses in the North-East of Italy (Trentino and Veneto). The macrophyte vegetation has been mapped according to Kohler’s method (Kohler, 1978). We mapped not only the vascular plants, but also the bryophytes and the filamentous algae.
The main river characters, like flow velocity, river width and depth, substrate composition, degree of shade and many others, were surveyed according to a field data sheet, mainly in a half-quantitative way.
The chemical analyses about nutrient concentrations in water were acquired for every river site.
Through the application of cluster analyses based on different methods and similarity indexes, we established that the assessed sites can be grouped according to their macrophyte vegetation and this division largely corresponds to the one obtained through the clustering of sites, on the basis of river morphological and hydrological variables.
The macrophyte community is therefore mainly conditioned by some important variables, like flow speed and flow kind, substrate granule dimension, river width and depth and altitude of the site.
We described the composition of the community not only with the calculation of the Shannon-Weaver diversity index and the Evenness, but also through the percentage abundance and the taxa number of different components, such as hydrophytes, helophytes, amphiphytes, bryophytes and filamentous algae. Then we looked for a correlation between this metrics and the variables of the sites and the results confirmed what previously obtained. Moreover we found that nitrate concentration and hardness are the most important water chemical parameters in determining the composition and abundance of the macrophyte biocenosis.
All these result were further validated by two different kinds of matching-two table analyses, procrustean rotation and co-inertia analysis, applied on macrophyte species array and on site variable array. At the same time, these analyses proved the relatively little importance of water nutrient concentrations (phosphorus and ammonium) in determining the aquatic plant community, for the assessed environments. This fact seriously questions the application of trophic indexes on running waters, at least for the typologies that we have studied.
The calculation of correlation coefficients between species presence and abundance and trophic and saprobic indicators in water (phosphorus, nitrogen and BOD5) showed that only few among the recorded taxa have indicator value of trophic conditions.
The IBMR (Indice Biologique Macrophytique en Rivière; AFNOR, 2003) has been applied to our dataset, since it will be the official macrophyte method for Italy, according to the decision of the Ministry of Environment. The French index resulted to be quite good in classifying the river sites, for what concerns the trophic level, but in some cases it gave false outputs.
Finally we described 9 different river types, into which the running water environments of the studied area can be classified. Every type is characterized by a certain kind of macrophyte community, in terms of coverage and biological forms, while the species composition can vary in dependence on site specific conditions, one of them being trophy.
From the dataset it is evident that there are no real reference sites inside the considered area and this has prevented us from establishing the reference species composition of the macrophyte community for each type. Anyway the future step for the setting of an Italian macrophyte ecological method has necessarily to be that of finding at least the best available sites for each fluvial type in order to describe the “reference” vegetation.
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Tichý, Pavel. "Detekce ischemie v EKG záznamech." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220839.
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This paper describes the manifestations of ischemia in the ECG signals and summarizes some methods allowing automatic detection of ischemia. Morphological features were then calculated from ECG signals available from UBMI and statistically evaluated to select features appropriate for further automatic classification. Multilayer feedforward neural network was used for classification of heart beats. The neural network was designed in Matlab. Classification performance up to 99.9% was obtained on available dataset.
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Maršánová, Lucie. "Analýza experimentálních EKG záznamů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221365.
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This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of experimental electrograms (EG) recorded from isolated rabbit hearts. The theoretical part is focused on the basic principles of electrocardiography, pathological events in ECGs, automatic classification of ECG and experimental cardiological research. The practical part deals with manual classification of individual pathological events – these results will be presented in the database of EG records, which is under developing at the Department of Biomedical Engineering at BUT nowadays. Manual scoring of data was discussed with experts. After that, the presence of pathological events within particular experimental periods was described and influence of ischemia on heart electrical activity was reviewed. In the last part, morphological parameters calculated from EG beats were statistically analised with Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey-Kramer tests and also principal component analysis (PCA) and used as classification features to classify automatically four types of the beats. Classification was realized with four approaches such as discriminant function analysis, k-Nearest Neighbours, support vector machines, and naive Bayes classifier.
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Jaza, Rabii. "Towards a prediction of the tribological behaviour of a contact with third body particles : Relating the morphological descriptors of the third body particles with the rheological parameters of the contact." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI023.
Full textAbstract:
Ce travail de thèse est une preuve de concept. C'est la première partie d'un travail beaucoup plus vaste où nous essayons de répondre à la question de savoir s'il est possible d'établir un lien entre les aspects morphologiques des particules du troisième corps et les paramètres rhéologiques du contact où ils ont été créés. Les mesures rhéologiques sont presque impossibles à obtenir sans ouvrir le contact lui-même. Par conséquent, un tel lien pourrait changer la donne, en particulier dans la surveillance des machines et la prévision des pannes, ce qui est l'objectif à long terme de ce projet. Dans cet effort, nous évaluons l'efficacité des algorithmes d'apprentissage automatique supervisé pour relier les particules du troisième corps aux tests dont elles proviennent. De plus, nous évaluons la capacité des algorithmes à prédire les propriétés rhéologiques du contact à partir des descripteurs morphologiques des débris d'usure qu'il a produits. Nous avons effectué nos propres tests tribologiques à l'aide d'un tribomètre à disque à broches classique. Pour assurer la production de diverses particules du troisième corps, nous effectuons neuf tests organisés en trois séries. Une condition expérimentale variait entre les tests d'un ensemble donné. Les paramètres rhéologiques de ce projet ont été calculés directement à partir des signaux in situ enregistrés lors des tribotests. Ce ne sont pas les mesures habituelles mais ce sont des mesures mécaniques qui décrivent le flux des débris d'usure. Concernant l'ensemble de données morphologiques, nous avons choisi cinq descripteurs différents pour caractériser les particules post mortem après la fin des tests tribologiques. Ces descripteurs sont calculés grâce à des algorithmes d'analyse d'images d'images SEM. Les algorithmes d'apprentissage automatique avaient un taux de réussite de 40% à l'apprentissage à partir duquel le test de chaque particule a été créé en utilisant uniquement les descripteurs de forme. Cependant, les résultats de la prévision des paramètres rhéologiques à partir de la base de données morphologiques n'étaient pas aussi prometteurs, mais ils étaient essentiels pour les travaux futursThis thesis work is a proof of concept. It is the first part of a much larger work where we try to answer the question whether it is possible to set a link between the morphological aspects of the third body particles and the rheological parameters of the contact where they were created. The rheological measurements are almost impossible to obtain without opening the contact itself. Therefore, such a link could be a game changer especially in machine monitoring and failure prediction, which is the long-term goal of this project. In this effort, we evaluate the efficiency of supervised machine learning algorithms in linking back the third body particles with the tests from which they originate. In addition, we assess the ability of the algorithms in predicting the rheological properties of the contact from the morphological descriptors of the wear debris it produced. We held our own tribological tests using a classical pin-disk tribometer. To ensure the production of diverse third body particles, we conduct nine tests organized in three sets. One experimental condition was varied between the tests of a give set. The rheological parameters in this project were calculated directly from the in situ signals recorded during the tribotests. They are are not the usual measures but they are mechanical measurement that describe the flow of the wear debris. Regarding the morphological dataset, we chose five different descriptors to characterize the particles post mortem after the tribological tests were terminated. Those descriptors are calculated through image analysis algorithms of SEM images. Machine learning algorithms had a 40% success rate at learning from in which test each particle was created using only the shape descriptors. However, the results of predicting the rheological parameters from the morphological database were not as promising however they were essential for the future work
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Tonetto, Thaíse da Silva. "TECNOLOGIA DE SEMENTES E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MUDAS DE Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Mart.) Mattos SOB DIFERENTES FORMAS DE MANEJO NO VIVEIRO E NO CAMPO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8745.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThe Handroanthus heptaphyllus (ipê-roxo) species has ecological and commercial importance, being used for various purposes since timber purposes to environmental restoration, and medical purposes. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate and establish appropriate technical knowledge for the production of forest seeds and seedlings of H. heptaphyllus process. The seeds collected in the municipality of Santa Maria (RS) formed the batch to be studied, this was divided into two portions, one for the experiment 1 and the other 2. In experiment 1, we assessed the degree of humidity - DH ( 4 replicates of 25 seeds ) and electrical conductivity - EC (two quantities of seeds - 25 and 50, and three volumes of distilled water - 25 , 50 and 75 mL). In addition to evaluating different substrates (blotting paper, filter paper, vermiculite, sand, both on and between the arrangements in addition to the scroll), to one with higher germination (G). In experiment 2, seeds were stored for 300 days in three environments (dry and cold room - SSF - 18°C and 49 % Relative Humidity (RH); clammy chamber - CUF - 8°C and 80% RH and, dry chamber and cold - CSF - 7.5ºC and 55% RH). After this period, it was determined DH, EC, G and health. Nursery evaluated the effect of two cartridge volumes (110 and 180 cm³) with four doses of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF), NPK (18-05-09) at doses of 0 (control), 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 g.L-1. At 180 days after sowing the reviews of height (H), diameter Collectors (DC), H/DC, dry mass and leaf area. In the field underwent seedlings under light intensities of 0 (full sun - PS - control), 18, 50 and 70% shade, evaluated for 360 days checking the survival, H, DC, H/DC, total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b, carotenoid content, initial fluorescence of the chlorophyll maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II. The germination of seeds of H. heptaphyllus can be done on sand with initial count (IC) seedlings at 16 and end (EnC) at 19 days after sowing. The storage of seeds of H. heptaphyllus for 300 days can be held in SSF and/or CSF, with the IC and EnC at 9 and 29 days and, at 14 and 23 days, respectively, and this represents an intermediate behavior in relation to desiccation. The CFS was the most suitable for reducing the incidence of pathogens environment. The species is nutritionally demanding responding to high dose of CRF, with a minimum dose of 7.2 g.L-1 to 110 cm³ and 6.1 g.L-1 to 180 cm³, with the potential to respond to doses higher than 7.5 g.L-1. Seedlings to field H. heptaphyllus have high survival and growth suitable for PS, however, not recommended 50 and 70 % shading. There were increased levels of total chlorophyll and carotenoids, and lower chlorophyll a fluorescence. The species in reforestation and restoration of degraded areas, including the PS is recommended.
A espécie Handroanthus heptaphyllus (ipê-roxo) possui importância ecológica e comercial, sendo utilizada em diversos fins desde fins madeireiros até recuperação ambiental, além de fins medicinais. Assim, o presente trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar e estabelecer técnicas adequadas para o conhecimento do processo de produção de sementes e mudas florestais de H. heptaphyllus. As sementes coletadas no município de Santa Maria (RS)s formaram o lote a ser estudado, esse foi dividido em duas porções, uma destinada ao experimento 1 e outra ao 2. No experimento 1, avaliou-se o grau de umidade GU (4 repetições de 25 sementes) e a condutividade elétrica - CE (duas quantidades de sementes - 25 e 50 e, três volumes de água destilada 25, 50 e 75 mL). Além de avaliar diferentes substratos (papel mata-borrão, papel filtro, vermiculita, areia, ambos nos arranjos sobre e entre, além do rolo de papel), visando um com maior germinação (G). No experimento 2, as sementes foram armazenadas por 300 dias em três ambientes (sala seca e fria SSF 18ºC e 49% de Umidade Relativa (UR); câmara fria e úmida - CUF 8ºC e 80% UR e; câmara seca e fria CSF 7,5ºC e 55% UR). Após esse período, determinou-se o GU, CE, G e sanidade. Em viveiro avaliou-se o efeito de dois volumes de tubete (110 e 180 cm3) com quatro doses de fertilizante de liberação controlada (FLC), NPK (18-05-09), nas doses de 0 (testemunha), 2,5; 5,0 e 7,5 g.L-1. Aos 180 dias após o semeio as avaliações de altura (H), diâmetro coleto (DC), relação H/DC, massas secas e área foliar. No campo submeteu-se as mudas sob intensidades luminosas de 0 (pleno sol PS testemunha), 18, 50 e 70% de sombra, avaliadas durante 360 dias, verificando-se a sobrevivência, H, DC, H/DC, teor de clorofila total, relação clorofila a/clorofila b, teor de carotenoides, fluorescência inicial da clorofila a e eficiência fotoquímica máxima do fotossistema II. O teste de germinação de sementes de H. heptaphyllus pode ser realizado sobre areia, com contagem inicial (PC) de plântulas aos 16 dias após a semeadura e final (UC) aos 19. O armazenamento das sementes de H. heptaphyllus por 300 dias pode ser realizado em SSF e/ou CSF, sendo a PC e UC aos 9 e 29 dias e, aos 14 e 23 dias, respectivamente, sendo que esta apresenta comportamento intermediário em relação ao dessecamento. A CFS foi o ambiente mais adequado para redução da incidência de patógenos. A espécie é exigente nutricionalmente respondendo a elevada dose de FLC, com dose mínima de 7,2 g.L-1 para 110 cm³ e 6,1 g.L-1 para 180 cm³, com potencial para responder a doses superiores a 7,5 g.L-1. Mudas a campo de H. heptaphyllus apresentam sobrevivência elevada e crescimento adequado a PS, porém, não se recomenda 50 e 70% de sombreamento. Houve aumento dos níveis de clorofila total e carotenoides e, menor fluorescência da clorofila a. Recomenda-se a espécie em reflorestamento e recuperação de áreas degradadas, inclusive a PS.
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Hopper, Timothy Andrew John. "Quantitative MRI and Micro-CT of bone architecture : applications and limitations in orthopaedics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16149/1/Timothy_Hopper_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis was to investigate some methods for quantitative analysis of bone structure, particularly techniques which might ultimately be applied post-operatively following orthopaedic reconstruction operations.
Initially it was decided to explore the efficacy of MRI in quantifying the bone structure at high resolution by comparing high resolution MRI against 'gold standards' such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and optical histology. This basic study provided a measure of the distortions in the morphological bone parameters derived from MR images due to susceptibility artefacts and partial volume effects. The study of bone architecture was then extended to a model of advanced renal osteodystrophy in a growing rat. For this study, high-resolution micro computed tomography (microCT) was used and as a result of the high resolution images obtained, three new bone morphological parameters were introduced to characterise the bone structure.
The desire to study bone architecture post-operatively in hip replacements led to a preliminary study on ex-vivo sheep acetabulae following total hip replacement, to determine the extent that the bone architecture could be investigated around the acetabulum. The motivation for studying the acetabulum was based on the high occurrence of debonding at the bone / prosthesis interface. This study demonstrated the superior nature of 3D MRI over conventional x-ray radiographs in early quantitation of fibrous membranes located between the host bone and the non-metallic implant and/or the bone cement. The presence of such fibrous membranes is strongly indicative of failure of the prosthesis.
When using clinical MRI to image post-operative hip replacement, the image quality is severely affected by the presence of the metallic implant. The head of the prosthesis is shaped like a metal sphere and is located in the acetabular cup. This problem was investigated by performing simulations of MR images in the presence of the field perturbation induced by the presence of a metal sphere, with the effects of slice excitation and frequency encoding incorporated into the simulations. The simulations were compared with experimental data obtained by imaging a phantom comprising a stainless steel ball bearing immersed in agarose gel. The simulations were used to predict the effects of changing imaging parameters that influence artefact size and also to show how current metal artefact reduction techniques such as view angle tilting (VAT) work and to identify their limitations. It was shown that 2D SE and VAT imaging techniques should not be used when metallic prosthesis are present due to extreme slice distortion, whereas 3D MRI provided a method that has no slice distortion, although the effects of using a frequency encoding gradient still remain.
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Hopper, Timothy Andrew John. "Quantitative MRI and Micro-CT of Bone Architecture: Applications and Limitations in Orthopaedics." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16149/.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis was to investigate some methods for quantitative analysis of bone structure, particularly techniques which might ultimately be applied post-operatively following orthopaedic reconstruction operations. Initially it was decided to explore the efficacy of MRI in quantifying the bone structure at high resolution by comparing high resolution MRI against 'gold standards' such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and optical histology. This basic study provided a measure of the distortions in the morphological bone parameters derived from MR images due to susceptibility artefacts and partial volume effects. The study of bone architecture was then extended to a model of advanced renal osteodystrophy in a growing rat. For this study, high-resolution micro computed tomography (microCT) was used and as a result of the high resolution images obtained, three new bone morphological parameters were introduced to characterise the bone structure. The desire to study bone architecture post-operatively in hip replacements led to a preliminary study on ex-vivo sheep acetabulae following total hip replacement, to determine the extent that the bone architecture could be investigated around the acetabulum. The motivation for studying the acetabulum was based on the high occurrence of debonding at the bone / prosthesis interface. This study demonstrated the superior nature of 3D MRI over conventional x-ray radiographs in early quantitation of fibrous membranes located between the host bone and the non-metallic implant and/or the bone cement. The presence of such fibrous membranes is strongly indicative of failure of the prosthesis. When using clinical MRI to image post-operative hip replacement, the image quality is severely affected by the presence of the metallic implant. The head of the prosthesis is shaped like a metal sphere and is located in the acetabular cup. This problem was investigated by performing simulations of MR images in the presence of the field perturbation induced by the presence of a metal sphere, with the effects of slice excitation and frequency encoding incorporated into the simulations. The simulations were compared with experimental data obtained by imaging a phantom comprising a stainless steel ball bearing immersed in agarose gel. The simulations were used to predict the effects of changing imaging parameters that influence artefact size and also to show how current metal artefact reduction techniques such as view angle tilting (VAT) work and to identify their limitations. It was shown that 2D SE and VAT imaging techniques should not be used when metallic prosthesis are present due to extreme slice distortion, whereas 3D MRI provided a method that has no slice distortion, although the effects of using a frequency encoding gradient still remain.
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Kelling, Mônica Brucker. "PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS E CRESCIMENTO INICIAL A CAMPO DE Cordia trichotoma SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES CONDIÇÕES DE IRRIGAÇÃO, POLÍMERO HIDRORETENTOR, SOMBREAMENTO E UMIDADE DO SOLO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2015. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3795.
Full textAbstract:
Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arrab. ex Steud. species of the Boraginaceae family is considered a priority for logging native tree plantations in southern Brazil, in addition to have an important hole in environmental restoration of degraded areas. However, despite the importance of this species, there are no published reports regarding irrigation and use of water retaining polymers in the production of seedlings, as well as the influence of shading levels and excess soil moisture in early growth in the field, based on morphological and physiological variables. This study was divided into three chapters: Chapter I aimed to define, based on morphological and physiological variables which irrigation blade is indicated, whether or not combined with water retaining polymer doses added to the substrate, in the production of C. trichotoma seedlings, aiming to reduce water consumption. The physiological variables of chlorophyll a fluorescence showed themselves important for behavioral studies of seedlings growth in nurseries. A suitable growth of seedlings in the nursery was obtained with irrigation blades of 4-8-8 mm day-1, alternating it every 60 days, with the possible use of a smaller blade at the start of growth, thereby reducing the consumption of water. The use of a continuous 4 mm day-1 blade in the production of seedlings is possible, since associated with a dose of 3 g L-1 water retaining polymer to the substrate. In Chapter II we evaluated the initial growth for C. trichotoma seedlings in the field under different levels of shading, considering morphological and physiological variables. The aerial part of the plant had the growth negatively influenced in full sun condition. The species responds with great plasticity to different light intensities. However, the shading of 18 and 50% provides favorable growth and physiological values for the early development of the species. The purpose of Chapter III was to identify the effect of excess soil moisture on survival and early growth of C. trichotoma seedlings after field planting, based on morphological and physiological characteristics. The higher content of micropores and clay in successive soil layers (0 to 20 cm) is indicative of the undesirable condition for the survival and early growth of seedlings of C. trichotoma. The species is intolerant to environments with excess soil moisture and the planting is not recommended in plain fields, with drainage problems.A espécie Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arráb. ex Steud. da família Boraginaceae é considerada uma das arbóreas nativas madeireiras prioritárias para plantios florestais na região sul do Brasil, além de ter importância na recuperação ambiental de áreas alteradas. No entanto, apesar da importância desta espécie, não existe na literatura estudos com relação à irrigação e utilização de polímeros hidroretentores na produção de mudas, assim como a influência de níveis de sombreamento e do excesso de umidade do solo no crescimento inicial a campo, com base em variáveis morfofisiológicas. O presente trabalho foi dividido em três capítulos, no Capítulo I objetivou-se definir, com base em variáveis morfofisiológicas, qual lâmina de irrigação é indicada, combinada ou não com doses de polímero hidroretentor adicionadas ao substrato, na produção de mudas de C. trichotoma, visando à redução no consumo de água. As variáveis fisiológicas da fluorescência da clorofila a demonstraram ser importantes para estudos do comportamento do crescimento de mudas em viveiros. Um crescimento adequado das mudas em viveiro foi obtido, com lâminas de irrigação de 4-8-8 mm dia-1, alternadas a cada 60 dias, sendo possível a utilização de uma menor lâmina no início do crescimento, dessa forma reduzindo o consumo de água. A utilização da lâmina de 4 mm dia-1 contínua na produção de mudas é possível, desde que associada com a adição da dose de 3 g L-1 de polímero hidroretentor ao substrato. No Capítulo II foi avaliado o crescimento inicial a campo de mudas de C. trichotoma, sob diferentes níveis de sombreamento, considerando variáveis morfológicas e fisiológicas. A parte aérea das plantas teve o crescimento influenciado negativamente na condição de pleno sol. A espécie responde com muita plasticidade às diferentes intensidades luminosas. Porém, os sombreamentos de 18 e 50% proporcionam maior crescimento e valores fisiológicos favoráveis ao desenvolvimento inicial da espécie. Identificar o efeito do excesso de umidade do solo na sobrevivência e no crescimento inicial de mudas de C. trichotoma, após plantio a campo, com base em características morfofisiológicas foi o objetivo do Capítulo III. O maior teor de microporos e de argila em camadas sucessivas do solo (0 a 20 cm) é indicativo da condição indesejável para a sobrevivência e crescimento inicial de mudas de C. trichotoma. A espécie é intolerante a ambientes com excesso de umidade no solo, não sendo recomendado o plantio em locais planos, com problemas de drenagem.