Dissertations / Theses: 'Morphological case'

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Baraniuk, Krzysztof. "Morphological generation and analysis, case study on Polish language." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394624.

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Popova, G. D. "Aspect in the morphological paradigm : a case study of Bulgarian." Thesis, University of Essex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428898.

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Iggesen, Oliver A. "Case-asymmetry : a world-wide typological study on lexeme-class-dependent deviations in morphological case inventories /." Muenchen : Lincom Europa, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40028603h.

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Walkow, Martin. "The Syntax of the Person Case Constraint Drives Morphological Impoverishment of Clitics." University of Arizona Linguistics Circle, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/254631.

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Several varieties of Catalan show restrictions on the morphological expression of person and number in combinations of direct and indirect object clitics. When both direct and indirect objects are third person, there is only one morphological marker for third person (3-3-Effects). When both direct and indirect object are third person and plural, only one of them surfaces with plural marking. I call this latter restriction Unique Plural Exponence (UPE). Dialects differ wrt which argument, DO or IO, surfaces with features, but it is consistently the linearly leftmost one that surfaces with person/number features. This is consistent across dialects with different orders of direct and indirect objects, alternations of clitic order within one dialect and under historical change. I develop a syntactic account of these restrictions that relates them to the Person Case Constraint. The absence of morphological realization is attributed to the failure of person/number licensing in the syntax. An analysis is given for the restrictions on person and number in two dialects that differ in the order of direct and indirect objects and accordingly which argument surfaces without person/number features. The consistent lefthand position of the person marked clitic is derived from the syntactic structure.

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Harrison, Luke Barrett. "Estimating evolutionary rates using discrete morphological characters: a case study with birds." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119368.

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The rate of evolution is a fundamental unifying concept in evolutionary biology and sets the stage for the investigation of genotypic, phenotypic and taxonomic biodiversity. This thesis specifically examined the rate of phenotypic evolution using discrete morphological characters, which are relatively understudied for this purpose compared to continuously-valued characters and traits. I first focused on heterogeneity in rates among characters in phylogenetic analysis. I used Bayesian model selection tools and 77 matrices of discrete morphological characters to show that a) models incorporating rate-heterogeneity among characters in phylogenetic analysis were preferred over equal-rates models in 80–88% of matrices, suggesting rate heterogeneity is a common property of these data sets, and b) although most data sets were equivocal, there was some weak support for a recently formulated hypothesis that the lognormal distribution is more appropriate to model such variation relative to the commonly used gamma distribution. I then focused on estimating absolute rates of evolution of discrete morphological characters in a phylogenetic context. I extended previous methods to better incorporate phylogenetic and divergence time uncertainty using distributions of dated phylogenies derived from independent data. I used modern birds as a case study and performed a large Bayesian divergence time study of a comprehensive sample of 310 modern bird genera to provide a posterior sample of 10 000 dated trees to estimate absolute rates of evolution. This analysis, based on 23 fossil calibrations and a multigene molecular supermatrix of existing sequences, although qualified by uncertainty in estimated relationships and divergence times, estimated that the basal radiation of Neoaves occurred within a relatively short interval in the Late Cretaceous. Many lineages were estimated to cross the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary while within order diversification of crown groups was nearly exclusively in the Cenozoic. Finally, I employed this tree distribution along with another recently published tree distribution to estimate absolute rates of phenotypic evolution using both maximum parsimony and likelihood-based methods using an existing comprehensive data set of discrete avian anatomical characters. Incorporating phylogenetic and divergence time uncertainty, estimated rates of evolution were found to be highly variable and had a complex multimodal distribution through time when visualized across 10 000 dated trees. Combined with an analysis of rates of evolution across clades, maximum clade credibility trees, and a correlation test of rates against time, the results were complex, but in aggregate, were consistent with the hypothesis of an early-burst of higher rates of phenotypic evolution in modern birds.
Le taux d'évolution est un concept fondamental unificateur en biologie évolutive, et ouvre la voie à l'étude de la biodiversité génotypique, phénotypique et taxonomique. La présente thèse a examiné de manière spécifique le taux d'évolution phénotypique à l'aide de charactères morphologiques discrètes, qui sont relativement peu étudiés dans cette optique comparativement aux traits et charactèrs à valeur continue. Premièrement, je me suis penché sur l'hétérogénéité des taux dans les caractères d'analyse phylogénétique. Les outils de sélection du modèle Bayesien ainsi que 77 matrices de charactères morphologiques discrets ont été utilisé afin de démontrer que a) les modèles incorporant l'hétérogenéité destaux dans les charactères d'analyse phylogénétique étaient préférées des modèles à taux égaux dans 80 à 88% des matrices, ce qui suggère que l'hétérogénéité est une charactéristique commune dans les ensembles de données, et b) bien que la plupart des ensembles de données étaient équivoques, il y avait un faible appui pour l'hypothèse formulée récemment que la distribution log-normale est plus appropriée pour modéliser les variations relatives que la distribution gamma couramment utilisée. Ensuite, je me suis concentré sur l'esmination des taux absolus d'évolution des charactères morphologiques discrets dans un contexte phylogénétique. J'ai étendu des méthodes existantes afin de mieux incorporer lesincertitudes phylogénétique et de divergence temporelle en utilisant des distributions de phylogénies datées extraits de données indépendantes. J'ai utilisé les oiseaux modernes comme étude de cas et j'ai effectué une grande étude Bayesien de divergence temporelle d'un échantillon exhaustif de 310 genera d'oiseaux modernes pour y extraire un échantillon postérieur de 10 000 arbres datées, dans le but d'arriver à une estimation absolue des taux d'évolution. Cette analyse, qui est basée sur vingt-trois étalonnages de fossils et une supermatrice multigène moléculaire de séquences existantes, bien que qualifié par une incertitude dans les relations estimées et divergences temporelles, estime que le rayonnement de base a eu lieu dans un laps de temps relativement court dans la fin du Crétacé. De nombreuses lignées ont été estimés à raverser la frontière Crétacé-Paléogène (K–Pg) tandis que la diversification des groupes couronnes (« crown groups ») à l'intérieur du groupe était presque exclusivement dans le Cénozoïque. Finalement, j'ai utilisé cette distribution avec une autre distribution publiée récemment afin d'estimer les taux absolus de l'évolution phénotypique en utilisant la parcimonie maximale et les méthodes basées sur les probabilités en utilisant un ensemble de données compréhensif de charactères anotomiques discrèts d'oiseaux. Intégrer les incertitudes phylogénétiques et de divergence temporelle, les taux d'évolution estimés se sont révélés être très variables et ont fait preuve d'une distribution multimodale complexe lorsque visualisés à travers 10 000 arbres datés. Combiné avec une analyse des taux d'évolution à travers les clades, des arbres de clade à crédibilité maximale, et un test de corrélation entre les taux en fonction du temps, les résultats se sont avérés complexes, mais dans l'ensemble, étaient compatibles avec l'hypothèse d'une rupture précoce de la hausse des taux d'évolution phénotypique chez les oiseaux modernes.

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Dawson, Hope C. "Morphological variation and change in the Rigveda: The Case of -au vs. -ā:." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1110469087.

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Liang, Changqing. "Morphological transformation of urban districts : a case study of Da-baodao in Qingdao /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37425584.

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Liang, Changqing, and 梁長青. "Morphological transformation of urban districts: a case study of Da-baodao in Qingdao." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38696241.

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Dawson, Hope C. "Morphological variation and change in the Rigveda the case of -au vs. -a: /." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1110469087.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Document formatted into pages; contains 359 p. Includes bibliographical references. Abstract available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text release delayed at author's request until 2008 Mar. 10.

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Dempsey, Paula Jane. "Genetic and environmental contributions to morphological variation in the human permanent dentition : a study of Australian twins." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phd389.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 348-366. Elucidates the nature and extent of genetic and environmental contributions to variation in permanent tooth crown size. Sibling correlations are compared to find evidence of sex-linked genes contributing to crown size. This hypothesis was tested by comparing mean tooth size in female-male opposite-sex twins with same-sex twins, and singletons.

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Christophe, Jean-Joseph. "Patient-specific morphological and blood flow analysis of pulmonary artery in the case of pneumothorax." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066255.

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Le pneumothorax se caractérise par l’affaissement d’un poumon. A ce jour, l’effet morphologique et hémodynamique du pneumothorax sur les artères pulmonaires reste peu compris. La géométrie des artères a été extraite et reconstruite à partir d’images tomographiques de trois patients. Différents paramètres géométriques ont été calculés. La forme du tronc et des branches de l’artère pulmonaire a été fortement affectée. Pour clarifier l’effet des perturbations géométriques sur le flux sanguin, les équations de Navier Stokes pour un flux stable laminaire ont été résolues en introduisant une résistance aux sorties. Nous avons observé une diminution du ratio de flux dans le poumon affecté lors d’un accroissement de la résistance. De ce fait, l’oxygénation dans les artères systémiques dépend davantage du poumon sain, entrainant une amélioration de cette oxygénation. Ces résultats devraient permettre une meilleure compréhension du fonctionnement de la ventilation dans le cas d’un pneumothorax.

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Shirakawa, Mineko. "Experimental study of morphological case marking knowledge in Japanese-English bilingual children in Christchurch New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8715.

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This thesis presents the results of an experimental study designed to examine whether children raised bilingually in Japanese and English from birth in Christchurch, New Zealand, exhibit the same morphological case and topic marking knowledge in Japanese as monolingual children in Japan. The participants were 34 children aged between five and eleven years who have been raised in a one-person one-language environment in an English dominant community. The study replicated previous studies on monolingual Japanese children, and involved two widely used paradigms for assessing a child’s grammar: picture selection, and elicited imitation. The responses of the children in this study were different from those reported in studies of monolingual children. In the picture selection tasks, some children in this study interpreted the agent-patient relationship based on the word order cue in the object-initial types of transitive sentences, whereas previous studies have demonstrated that monolingual children five years and older are able to interpret the agent-patient relationship in the same way as adults, using the case marking cue. Moreover, in the elicited imitation tasks, many children in this study re-analysed the topic-comment construction as a genitive possessive when the particles in the stimuli were masked with noise. This pattern has not been reported in any previous study. The results also revealed that there was a great degree of individual variation. The study suggests cross-linguistic influence from English on Japanese as a possible explanation for the difference between the children in this study and monolinguals. The phenomena observed in the results satisfies two conditions for cross-linguistic influence proposed by Hulk and Müller (2000) and Müller and Hulk (2001), because (i) English and Japanese overlap at the surface level in terms of the agent position in a canonical sentence and the possessive structure, and (ii) the problematic structures for some children in this study involved the interface between syntax and pragmatics in the C-domain. The study, however, has no principled explanation for the individual variation found because of a lack of data on the Japanese input and the child’s fluency, both of which are likely to affect simultaneous bilingual development.

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Ruskan, Anna. "The Expression and Contents of Non-Morphological Evidentiality in Lithuanian: the Case of Neuter Adjectives and Adverbs." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20131015_155903-04638.

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The aim of the research is to analyse the expression and contents of non-morphological evidentiality in Lithuanian realized by neuter (non-agreeing) adjectives and adverbs. The thesis focuses on the non-agreeing adjectives and the adverbs that derive from the semantic domains of perception, comparison and knowledge and thus have the potential to acquire evidential meanings. The study explores the morphosyntactic properties (Complement-Taking-Predicates and adverbials) of the markers under consideration, their quantitative parameters and semantic functional distribution in fiction and academic discourse. The study is corpus-driven and the data have been obtained from the Corpus of the Contemporary Lithuanian Language, namely from the subcorpus of fiction, and from the Corpus of Academic Lithuanian. The analysis of the morphosyntactic properties of the markers and their semantic functional distribution suggests that in Lithuanian the non-agreeing adjectives convey evidential meanings more frequently than the adverbs because the adverbs mainly function as predicate modifiers. The main evidential value is inference based on perceptual or conceptual sources of evidence. The non-agreeing adjectives and the adverbs under consideration can also express the meanings of epistemic modality, expectation or function as pragmatic markers.
Pagrindinis darbo tikslas yra išanalizuoti nemorfologinio evidencialumo raišką ir turinį, realizuojamus bevardės giminės (nederinamaisiais) būdvardžiais ir prieveiksmiais grožinės literatūros tekstuose ir lietuvių mokslo kalboje. Tyrimo objektą sudaro nederinamieji būdvardžiai ir prieveiksmiai, kurių leksinės reikšmės atspindi semantinius laukus, turinčius potencialą žymėti žinių šaltinį. Darbe analizuojami šių vienetų morfosintaksiniai bruožai (komplementiniai predikatai ir adverbialai), tiriami jų kiekybiniai rodikliai ir atskleidžiama semantinė funkcinė distribucija. Šioje disertacijoje atliekamas tyrimas naudojant tekstynų metodologiją. Tyrimo medžiaga yra surinkta iš grožinės literatūros patekstynio, esančio Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos tekstyne ir Lietuvių mokslo kalbos tekstyno. Nederinamųjų būdvardžių ir prieveiksmių morfosintaksinių bruožų ir semantinių funkcinių ypatybių analizė suponuoja, kad lietuvių kalboje nederinamieji būdvardžiai dažniau perteikia žinių šaltinio reikšmes negu prieveiksmiai, nes šie vartojami kaip predikato modifikatoriai. Pagrindinė evidencinė reikšmė, būdinga nagrinėjamiems žymikliams, yra numanymas, pagrįstas percepciniu arba konceptualiuoju žinių šaltiniu. Nagrinėjami vienetai vartojami ir kaip episteminiai, vertinimo arba pragmatiniai žymikliai.

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Donner, Antje [Verfasser], and Burkhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Büdel. "The case of Chroococcidiopsis: New phylogenetic and morphological insights into ecological important Cyanobacteria / Antje Donner. Betreuer: Burkhard Büdel." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1037725352/34.

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Vijverberg, Catharina Adriana. "Adaptive radiation of Australian and New Zealand Microseris (Asteraceae) a case study based on molecular and morphological markers /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2001. http://dare.uva.nl/document/57719.

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Eze, Chuks Paul. "Chemical, physical and morphological changes in weathered coal fly ash : a case study of brine impacted wet ash dump." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5420.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
Fly ash is the major waste material produced by power plants in the combustion of coal to generate electricity. The main constituents of fly ash are Si, Al, Fe and Ca with smaller amount of S, Mn, Na, K, and traces of many other elements such as Co, Cd, As, Se, Zn, Mo, Pb, B, Cu and Ni. Fly ash is usually disposed either by dry or wet disposal methods. These disposal methods have raised major environmental concerns due to the potential leaching of chemical species from the ash heap by ingress of rainfall and brine used to transport the fly ash to the dam. This study focuses on the changes in chemical composition, morphology and mineral phases due to weathering, of coal fly ash co-disposed with brine over 20 years at Sasol Secunda ash dump in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. The design and operation of the Secunda ash dump presupposes that the ash dump may act as a sink for the salts which originated from chemicals used for normal operation in the plants. The majority of these salts come from the brines generated during desalination and raw water regeneration. The aim of this study is to ascertain if the ash dump could serve as a sustainable salt sink.Samples were drawn along the depth of two drilled cores (S1 and S3) from the weathered Secunda ash dump and analysed in conjunction with the fresh (unweathered) Secunda fly ash taken from the fly ash hoppers for comparative analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractive (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry were employed to obtain a detailed morphological, mineralogical and bulk chemical composition of all the samples. Pore water analysis was used to determine the pH, EC and moisture content of fly ash samples. A five step sequential chemical extraction procedure was used to establish the geochemical association of particular elements with various mineral phases. The total acid digestion test was also used to determine the total elemental compositions of the Secunda fly ash samples. The SEM results showed that the fly ashes consist of irregular and numerous spherically shaped particles. Changes (encrustations, etchings and corrosion) in the morphologies of the weathered ash particles were also observed. The XRD results revealed quartz, mullite, lime and calcite as the major mineral phases. Other minerals identified in very minor quantities in the drilled Secunda ash core that were dried prior to analysis were halite, kaolinite, nitratine, bassanite, microline. and hydrophitte. These phases may have formed during sample handling. XRF investigation revealed that the major oxides present in the dumped ash samples were SiO₂, A₂2O₃, CaO, Fe₂O₃, MgO, Na₂O, TiO₂ and the minor elements present were K₂O, P₂O₅, SO₃ and MnO. The sum of the mean values of the % composition of SiO₂, Al₂O₃, and Fe₂O₃ was 70.19 %, and 72.94 % for the two drilled ash core samples (S1 and S3) respectively, and 78.67 % for the fresh ash which shows the significant alteration of the Si, Al and Fe content in the ash matrix over time. The fly ash is classified as Class F using the ASTM C 618 standards. The loss on ignition (LOI) which is an indication of unburned carbon or organic content was 4.78 %, 13.45 % and 8.32 % for the fresh ash, drilled ash cores S1 and S3 respectively. The high LOI values for the drilled ash cores could indicate high hydrocarbon content in the ash dump because of co-disposal practises where hydrocarbon waste are included in the brine stream for disposal on the ash. While the ash samples from the surface appeared dry, moisture content (MC) analysis showed that there is considerable water entrained in the fly ash dump. The fresh ash MC was 1.8 % while core S1 ranged from 41.4 – 73.2 %; core S3 ranged from 21.7 – 76.4 %. The variations in the MC values can be attributed to uneven flow paths due to inconsistent placement conditions or variations in ambient weather conditions during placement. The fresh fly ash (n=3) had a pH of 12.38±0.15, EC value of 4.98±0.03 mS/cm and TDS value of 2.68±0.03 g/L, the pH of the drilled ash core S1 (n=35) was 10.04 ±0.50, the EC value was 1.08±0.14 mS/cm and the TDS value was 0.64 ±0.08 g/L. Core S3 (n=66) had pH of 11.04±0.09; EC was 0.99 ±0.03 and TDS was 0.57 ± 0.01. The changes in pH values can be attributed to the dissolution and flushing out from the dump basic alkaline oxides like CaO and MgO These variations in pH values shows that the fly ash is acidifying over time and metal mobility can be expected under these conditions. The large decrease of EC in the drilled ash cores S1 and S3 compared to the fresh ash indicated a major loss of ionic species over time in the ash dump. The sequential extraction scheme revealed that the elements Al, Si, Ca, Mg, Ba, Sr, Fe, Mn, Na, K, As, Pb, Cr, Mo, Cu, Ni and Zn are present in Secunda fresh and weathered fly ash and are partitioned between the water soluble, exchangeable, carbonate, iron and manganese, and residual fractions of the coal fly ash. It also showed that the trace elements As, Pb, Cr, Mo, Cu, Ni and Zn do not show permanent association with particular mineral phases as a continuous partitioning between different mineral phases was observed in the weathered drilled core. Generally, all the elements had the highest concentration in the residual fraction. But it was evident that the labile phase (water soluble, exchangeable and carbonate fractions) had fairly high concentrations of Si (± 6.5 %), Al (± 6.5 %), Ca (±10 %), Mg (± 5.5 %), Ba (± 7.5 %),Sr (± 7.5 %), Na (± 12 %) and K (± 12 %) for the Secunda drilled ash core (S1 and S3) and fresh fly ash samples. This indicates that these species can leach easily upon water ingress and could pose a danger to the environment. Na and K had the highest concentrations leached out in the labile phase in all the ash samples. The amount of Na leached out of the drilled Secunda ash core in the labile phase was 13.21 % of 18584.26 mg/kg in the five geochemical phases of core S1; and 9.59 % of 11600.17 mg/kg in the five geochemical phases of core S3 while the fresh Secunda fly ash leached out 11.28 % of 16306.30 mg/kg of Na in the five geochemical phases. This study provided significant insight into the pore water chemistry, morphology, mineralogy and chemical composition and the elemental distribution pattern of the major and trace elements in the Secunda fly ash and weathered drilled Secunda ashm core S1 and S3. Though results from XRF analysis and the sequential extraction scheme shows that Na, K, S, Ca and Mg were slightly captured from the co-disposed brine by the Secunda fly ash, these species were however released in the labile phase. Hence there was no significant retention of these species in the ash dump. The amount of these species retained in the weathered ash were (0.26 % and 0.55 %) for Na, (0.02 % and 0.34 %) for K, (0.08 % and 0.06 %) for S, (0.94 % and 0.01 %) for Ca and (0.37 % and 0.96 %) for Mg in drilled ash cores S1 and S3 respectively. This poor retention of Na K, S, Ca and Mg which are major components of Sasol Secunda brine in the drilled ash cores S1 and S3 clearly shows the unsustainability of the Secunda fly ash dump as a salt sink.

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Nogales, Da Costa Vasconcelos Thais. "Morphological homogeneity, phylogenetic heterogeneity and systematic complexity in species-rich groups : a case study of floral evolution in Myrteae (Myrtaceae)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1574511/.

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Myrteae is the most diverse tribe in the species-rich angiosperm family Myrtaceae. Myrteae species play a critical ecological role in tropical forests and savannas, biomes with some of the highest biodiversity on earth. Hence there is a growing interest in its use as a model for evolutionary, ecological and conservation studies. However, morphologically homogeneous reproductive structures cause taxonomic instability and jeopardize modelling and conservation initiatives. This study demonstrates how evolutionary patterns are underpinned by floral traits in Myrteae. Aims are approached using combined phylogenetic and morphological analyses in two work packages (WP): WP1 increases understanding of systematics and floral evolution in Myrteae based on multiloci molecular matrices for a near complete generic sample. The framework is used to interpret biogeography, diversification and over-arching patterns of floral morphology and development; data are reciprocally combined to illuminate those processes. WP2 presents four case studies using floral development and multidimensional trait analysis to address questions related to systematic complexity, phylogenetic heterogeneity and theoretical cladistics concepts, such as evolution of homoplastic traits. Results harness Myrteae as a model group to address relevant questions in plant evolution and systematics; the applicability of this approach to similar questions in other diverse tropical angiosperm groups is discussed.

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Mageean, Andrea Josephine. "The use of urban morphological analysis in the development of conservation and design policy for historic centres : the case of Chester." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.720561.

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McAlister, Andrew Joseph. "Methodological issues in the geochemical characterisation and morphological analysis of stone tools: a case study from Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands, east Polynesia." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/10279.

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In this thesis, three methodological issues pertaining to the geochemical analysis and characterisation of stone tools were investigated. The first consisted of evaluating the potential of Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (PXRF) analysis as a means of characterising archaeological basalt adzes. Several of the methods currently used to analyse stone tools require the partial destruction of specimens and are comparatively expensive, factors which tend to impose limits on the quantity of specimens that can be analysed. In contrast, PXRF technology is relatively inexpensive and non-destructive. The initial testing of the PXRF instrument was unsatisfactory and found the in-built calibration software to be the main limiting factor. Substantially improved results were obtained by processing the raw spectra data independently. The second part of this study assessed multivariate methods of discriminating among volcanic stone sources. Two techniques, Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) and Classification Tree (CT) analysis were examined. The implementation of CT analysis developed in this study incorporated Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms to determine optimum node divisions. Both of the techniques performed well. However, CT analysis was found to possess several advantages over DFA; it was more robust to unequal and skewed data distributions and the tabular and graphical results were conducive to interpretation and evaluation. The third part of this research involved applying the methodological findings to investigate the distribution of stone tools on the Marquesan island of Nuku Hiva in East Polynesia. Stone adzes collected from late-prehistoric (i.e., post �� A.D. 1600) contexts at four valleys on Nuku Hiva were geochemically and morphologically analysed. The assemblages were found to have derived from six distinct stone sources, five local Nuku Hiva sources and one on Eiao, an island approximately 100 km to the north. Almost onehalf of the adzes were imported from Eiao and were common in all of the valleys. In contrast, tools made from local stone were not widely distributed far from their source areas. The morphological analysis found that, while the full range of forms were made from both local and imported materials, stone from Eiao appears to have been preferred for some adze forms that are thought to be functionally distinct.

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Cui, Hong, Dongfang Xu, Steven S. Chong, Martin Ramirez, Thomas Rodenhausen, James A. Macklin, Bertram Ludäscher, Robert A. Morris, Eduardo M. Soto, and Nicolás Mongiardino Koch. "Introducing Explorer of Taxon Concepts with a case study on spider measurement matrix building." BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622823.

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Background: Taxonomic descriptions are traditionally composed in natural language and published in a format that cannot be directly used by computers. The Exploring Taxon Concepts (ETC) project has been developing a set of web-based software tools that convert morphological descriptions published in telegraphic style to character data that can be reused and repurposed. This paper introduces the first semi-automated pipeline, to our knowledge, that converts morphological descriptions into taxon-character matrices to support systematics and evolutionary biology research. We then demonstrate and evaluate the use of the ETC Input Creation - Text Capture - Matrix Generation pipeline to generate body part measurement matrices from a set of 188 spider morphological descriptions and report the findings. Results: From the given set of spider taxonomic publications, two versions of input (original and normalized) were generated and used by the ETC Text Capture and ETC Matrix Generation tools. The tools produced two corresponding spider body part measurement matrices, and the matrix from the normalized input was found to be much more similar to a gold standard matrix hand-curated by the scientist co-authors. Special conventions utilized in the original descriptions (e.g., the omission of measurement units) were attributed to the lower performance of using the original input. The results show that simple normalization of the description text greatly increased the quality of the machine-generated matrix and reduced edit effort. The machine-generated matrix also helped identify issues in the gold standard matrix. Conclusions: ETC Text Capture and ETC Matrix Generation are low-barrier and effective tools for extracting measurement values from spider taxonomic descriptions and are more effective when the descriptions are self-contained. Special conventions that make the description text less self contained challenge automated extraction of data from biodiversity descriptions and hinder the automated reuse of the published knowledge. The tools will be updated to support new requirements revealed in this case study.

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Thomas, Christopher. "The application of historical data and computational methods for investigating causes of long-term morphological change in estuaries : a case study of the Mersey Estuary, UK." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2002. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/64d25cce-9cb0-4af3-b898-61e8bde4260f/1.

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Long-term morphological change in estuaries, of the order of 100 years, has developed into an area of significant research interest as a result of increased regulation and management of estuarine environments. The long-term behaviour of estuary morphology results from the net effects of perturbations induced by tidal, seasonal and episodic events, averaged over a longer period. Theoretically a dynamic equilibrium may exist between deposition and erosion when considered over a time period that is sufficiently long to encompass the cyclic variability that exists within an estuarine system. However the assemblage of physical processes required for a stable state to exist, and the causes of deviation from a stable state, are not well understood. The interaction of physical processes of tidal and wave action, and the influence of sea level rise and anthropogenic activity, with estuarine ecology and geology are largely responsible for the evolving state of an estuary. Although the physical processes of tidal movement and wave action are well known and documented, the interaction of these processes with factors controlling estuarine evolution over long time periods is less well understood. This thesis evaluates approaches to analysing historical data and applying computational methods to examine the interaction between factors forcing long-term estuary morphology. Historical data is of considerable value to analysis of long-term morphological change in estuaries, and forms a pre-requisite for developing understanding of the nature and causes of the long-term evolution of estuary morphology. However few data sets exist which cover a period of sufficient duration with sufficient detail to identify the processes forcing morphological change, so recourse to computational methods is required for the purpose of developing understanding of estuary behaviour. Several techniques are employed, including analysis of bathymetric data, calculation of analytical parameters and computational hydrodynamic simulations, to develop a case study of processes causing morphological change in the Mersey estuary over the last century. A major requirement for the approach adopted in this thesis is the identification and reduction of uncertainty. Areas of uncertainty are identified, and the results arising from various computational techniques employing different assumptions are examined within a framework enabling evaluation of the uncertainty arising from analysis and assumptions upon which it is reliant. Volumetric analysis demonstrates that morphological change is dominated by a trend of significant accretion between 1906-1977, with tidal volume reducing by approximately 10% (70Mm3). Previous research has identified the construction of training walls, between 1906-36 to stabilise the position of the low water channel in Liverpool Bay outside the estuary, as a probable cause of perturbation. Changes to tidal flow and related sediment transport patterns outside the estuary resulting from training wall construction are examined with regard to the stability of the estuary system. The results from computational hydrodynamic models representing the years 1906, 1936 and 1977 quantifying potential changes in sediment transport pathways from outside the estuary indicate a significant increase in potential sediment supply to the mouth of the estuary during the period of peak accretion. However, these changes cannot be solely attributed to construction of the training walls, but result from the combined effect of training wall construction and dredging activity in the sea approach channels. Furthermore, it is not simply changes in tidal flow characteristics that cause sedimentation but also the existence of salinity induced gravitational circulation within the estuary and the wider Liverpool Bay system that acts as an important mechanism for importing sediment into the estuary. Evidence for evolution towards a stable estuary state is provided by derivation of a sediment budget demonstrating a negligible net flux of sediment into the estuary between 1977-1997. The establishment of a steady state is attributed to a reduction in the calculated transport of sediment, from west to east, across Liverpool Bay reducing the supply of sediment to the estuary mouth.

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Malmsten, Solveig. "Dativ i modern färöiska : En fallstudie i grammatisk förändring." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-253012.

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Faroese is known to lie grammatically between Icelandic and the Mainland Scandinavian languages and dialects. One example of this is that, on the one hand, Faroese is like Icelandic in having a basically intact morphological four case system. On the other hand case-marking in Faroese is linked to clause function to a greater degree than in Icelandic – but to a lesser degree than in the Mainland Scandinavian standard languages. In Scandinavian Linguistics, it has long been an axiom that in the longer term the aforementioned four case system will be reduced in all varieties of the Scandinavian languages. The present thesis investigates if, and if so how, this expected development manifests itself in Senior High School graduation essays in Faroese from the period 1940–1999. A quantitative study forms the core of the thesis. The choice between the dative and other cases is related to eight syntactic variables whose effect on the choice of case is compared using methods from the variationist framework, among others. The results are partly surprising: the dative did not reduce in frequency from the 1940s to 1990s. There certainly is a tendency, however not a statistically significant one, that the dative is more often replaced by another case in contexts where the norm is to use the dative. On the other hand it also seems to become more common for the dative to be used hypercorrectly. Furthermore, the development is not linear, in that around the middle of the investigation period, the dative is used far more according to norms than otherwise. As expected, clause function is an important variable, but by the end of the period under investigation the placement of the nominal phrase within the clause becomes a surprisingly strong factor. It also becomes more important if the phrase takes the form of a first/second-person pronominal or not. The results are theoretically interpreted in the light of, firstly, Generative Grammar, and secondly Construction Grammar. The modification of certain terms is discussed, such as lexical case in Generative Grammar or usage-based model in Construction Grammar. The conclusion is that the linguistic descriptive models of these theories can only partly cover the tendencies to change that are observed. Other parts of the results are best explained using aspects of sociolinguistics. The conclusion is that case studies on a micro-level are valuable in order to evaluate and develop theories of linguistic variation and change at a macro-level.

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Grimm, Guido W. "Tracing the mode and speed of intrageneric evolution a phylogenetic case study on genus Acer L. (Aceraceae) and genus Fagus L. (Fagaceae) using fossil, morphological, and molecular data /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974014982.

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Stanley-Baker, Joan. "Toward an integrated methodology : morphological analyses in the identification of prime objects and the sequence of image-change through historical accretions : Wu Zhen (1280-1354), a case study." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:895704f6-8f4f-4c96-a329-51ab4b275c34.

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The thesis is a demonstration of an integrated methodology in the investigation of Chinese paintings. Section I outlines methods of analysis used by specialists in China, Japan and the West, and proposes their integration. Section II implements the Integrated Methodology in the identification of prime objects in a group of works attributed to Wu Zhen now in the National Palace Museum, Taipei. Section III presents a systematic method of investigating the non-genuine works, and charts their respective relationships to the prime objects and/or to each other. The findings clarify fundamental issues regarding period styles in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries and challenge, by implication, long held assumptions of authenticity of a great many works labelled with Yuan dates. They invite a reconsideration of our methodology as well as our basic assumptions of style-images associated with particular masters.

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Hsi, Idris. "Analyzing the Conceptual Integrity of Computing Applications Through Ontological Excavation and Analysis." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7211.

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In the world of commercial computing, consumers are being inundated with baroque, bloated, and difficult-to-use computing applications, tools that use computational methods and technologies to perform tasks. Market forces demand that new versions of these applications implement more features, the user-accessible behaviors and services implemented by the application, than their predecessors or competitors. Ensuring that planned features required for market competitiveness enhance a computing application without these side effects first requires that we understand how these features contribute to the overall design and conceptual integrity of the application While conceptual integrity affects all aspect of the application, we are primarily interested in how an applications user-accessible features have been designed and implemented. To this end, we have developed a research framework, methodologies, and artifacts for measuring the conceptual integrity of a computing artifact from its theory of the world or its ontology. We use conceptual coherence, which we define as the degree to which an applications concepts are tightly related, as a first approximation for conceptual integrity. We claim the following: any computing application has a central or core set of concepts that are essential to that applications ontology and can be identified through analytical means; and concepts that are not essential to an applications ontology either exist to support core concepts or are peripheral to the ontology. Peripheral concepts reduce an applications conceptual coherence. We have developed the method of ontological excavation to identify the concepts in a computing application and model them as an ontology expressed as a semantic network. To identify core and peripheral concepts and to measure an ontologys conceptual coherence, we developed methodologies for ontological analysis. If usefulness depends on the conceptual integrity of an applications ontology such that it ensures high fitness to a problem domain, then we would expect that users solving problems in that domain will invoke the concepts integral to the solution more often than those concepts that do not. Thus, to validate our structural measures, we claim the following: the probable use of the application will invoke core concepts more frequently than peripheral concepts in the ontology.

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Duong, Hai Thuan. "Observation of monsoon and typhoon-driven hydro-morphodynamics at a tropical low-tide terraced beach : a case study at Nha Trang, Vietnam." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30361.

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La majeure partie des côtes du Vietnam s'érode actuellement, un déséquilibre dans le bilan sédimentaire qui peut être causé par la surexploitation des sédiments fluviaux pour la construction, l'affaissement associé à la surexploitation des eaux souterraines, la surexploitation de la zone côtière, et peut-être aussi par une augmentation observée des typhons et de la mousson d'hiver. L'évaluation du bilan sédimentaire est nécessaire et nécessite une évaluation précise du transport des sédiments dans l'environnement côtier. Dans mon étude de doctorat, j'utilise deux systèmes de caméras à courte portée pour la surveillance des eaux littorales : une caméra terrestre pour l'observation de l'hydro-morphodynamique côtière à court, moyen et long terme et un drone pour la surveillance des événements à court terme. J'ai utilisé un système de caméra installé sur la plage de Nha Trang, au Viet Nam, du 05/2013 au 08/2016. Certains résultats sur les changements saisonniers et à court terme du littoral ont été analysés et publiés. Les profils transversaux, les positions du rivage et les caractéristiques des vagues (hauteur et période) extraits des données vidéo ont été étalonnés à l'aide de mesures in situ provenant de deux expériences sur le terrain et de mesures bathymétriques effectuées pendant le typhon de Haiyan. L'étude montre une évolution saisonnière marquée du littoral de Nha Trang. L'impact des typhons de catégorie 5 Nari et Haiyan sur le littoral est également dramatique avec des changements de 4 à 8 m dans chaque cas. Cependant, la reprise aux événements individuels est rapide. Nous avons également comparé l'effet des moussons d'hiver avec celui des tempêtes. Nos observations vidéo continues montrent pour la première fois que les épisodes de mousson de longue durée ont un impact plus persistant (phase de récupération de la plage plus longue) que les typhons. À l'aide d'un modèle d'équilibre riverain, nous estimons que c'est l'enveloppe des événements intrasaisonniers plutôt que la moyenne mensuelle des vagues qui détermine le comportement saisonnier du rivage. Enfin, l'étude suggère que l'interaction entre l'intensité et la durée des événements intrasaisonniers peut être d'une importance capitale. [...]
Most of the coast of Vietnam is currently eroding, an imbalance in the sediment budget that may be caused by overuse of river sediments for construction, subsidence associated with overuse of groundwater, over-exploitation of the littoral zone (coastal squeeze), and possibly by an increase in typhoon frequency and winter monsoon events. Assessment of sediment budget is needed and requires accurate evaluation of sediment transport in the coastal environment. In my PhD study, I use two close-range camera systems for nearshore monitoring: a land-based nearshore camera system for observing short-, medium- and long-term coastal hydro-morphodynamics and a drone for monitoring short-term events. Specifically, I used a camera system installed in Nha Trang beach, Viet Nam, from 05/2013 to 08/2016. The cross-shore profiles, shoreline positions and wave characteristics (height and period) extracted from the video data are calibrated with in-situ measurement from two field experiments during the Haiyan typhoon event. Then, the results on short-term and seasonal shoreline changes are analyzed -- and published. The study shows a marked seasonal evolution of Nha Trang shoreline and dramatic impact of cat-5 typhoons Nari and Haiyan with changes of 4 to 8 m in each case. However, the recovery to individual events is fast, as opposed to the effect of winter monsoon events. Our continuous video observations show for the first time that long-lasting monsoon events have more persistent impact (longer beach recovery phase) than typhoons. Using a shoreline equilibrium model, we estimate that the envelope of intra-seasonal events rather than monthly-averaged waves drives the seasonal shoreline behavior. Finally, the shoreline study suggests that the interplay between intensity and duration of intra-seasonal events may be of key significance. In the second part of this PhD study, a video-based bathymetry inversion technique is applied to long-term data with varying wave environment from swell to wind wave conditions.[...]

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Jonker, V. (Verno). "Environmentally significant morphological and hydraulic characteristics of cobble and boulder bed rivers in the Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52826.

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Thesis (PhDEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The interaction between moving water and the physical attributes of a river, as displayed by the channel morphology, determines the availability of physical habitat for aquatic species and thus also the condition of the ecosystem. As such, the environmental flow assessment process requires knowledge on how changes in the flow regime will affect both the morphological and hydraulic conditions within a river channel. With the increasing development of water-related infrastructure in mountain regions, knowledge of the morphological and hydraulic characteristics of rivers in the upper catchment areas is very important. Cobble and boulder bed rivers in the Western Cape are typical examples. They are characterized by steep gradients, great variability in sediment size and relatively low flow depths. The bed configuration contains a series of pools, steps, rapids, riffles and plane beds, while energy losses are high as a result of turbulence and hydraulic jumps. Due to their wideranging morphological and associated hydraulic attributes, the physical habitats within these rivers are extremely diverse, both on a spatial and temporal scale. This study addresses the interaction between moving water and the physical attributes of cobble and boulder bed rivers. Empirical, semi-empirical and theoretically based models are developed which define the hydraulic and morphological related characteristics of environmental flow components in cobble and boulder bed rivers. They cover macro scale channel deformation, the scouring of sand from the interstitial spaces between the cobbles as well as velocity-depth relationships, which prove to be key components in the assessment of environmental flow requirements in cobble and boulder bed rivers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die wisselwerking tussen die vloeiende water en die fisiese eienskappe van 'n rivier, soos beskryf deur die morfologie, bepaal die beskikbaarheid van habitat vir akwatiese spesies en gevolglik ook die welstand van die ekosisteem. Kennis omtrent die impak van 'n veranderde vloei regime op beide die morfologiese en die hidrouliese toestande in 'n rivierloop is dus nodig vir die bepaling van omgewingsvloeibehoeftes. Met die toenemende ontwikkeling van water-verwante infrastruktuur in bergagtige gebiede is 'n grondige kennis van die morfologiese en hidrouliese eienskappe van riviere in hierdie bo-opvanggebiede gebiededend noodsaaklik. Spoelklip riviere in die Wes-Kaap is tipiese voorbeelde van sulke riviere. Hierdie riviere word gekenmerk deur steil hellings, 'n wye verskeidenheid sedimentgroottes, relatiewe lae vloeidieptes en hoë energieverliese as gevolg van turbulensie. Verder bevat die ri vierbed afwisselend poele en stroomversnellings en gevolglik word 'n wye verskeidenheid habitat tipes in hierdie riviere aangetref. Hierdie studie fokus op die interaksie tussen bewegende water en die fisiese eienskappe van spoelklip riviere. Met behulp van empiriese, semi-empiriese en teoretiese modelle word die morfologiese en hidrouliese eienskappe van omgewingsvloeibehoeftes in spoelklip riviere aangespreek. Dit sluit makroskaal kanaal vervorming, die uitskuur van sand tusen die spoelklippe asook die verwantskap tussen vloeisnelheid en vloeidiepte in. Hierdie aspekte kan beskou word as van die sleutel elemente vir die bepaling van omgewingsvloeibehoeftes in spoelklip riviere.

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Bienstman, Hiske. "Morphological concepts and urban landscape management : the cases of Alkmaar and Bromsgrove." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479122.

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A number of problems related to area-based conservation have been encountered in England and the Netherlands. These are largely related to the inability of local councils to correctly define the character of the areas that they wish to conserve. This inability, which often derives from a lack of theoretical basis, has commonly led to poorly delimited conservation areas, inadequate character assessments and, consequently, poor townscape management. The urban morphologist Conzen put forward an approach that contributed to the solution of a number of geographical problems of landscape characterization and delimitation. In particular his work on townscape regions attempted to provide a theoretically based method that aimed to delimit a hierarchy of various character areas in the townscape. It is based upon an understanding of the townscape as the `objectivation of the spirit' of the successive generations that have occupied it. However, the method lacks clear-cut guidelines and has remained relatively elusive. This thesis examines the way in which Conzen's approach to the delimitation of townscape regions may contribute to current problems of conservation area delimitation and character assessment. It seeks to distil from Conzen's ideas an approach to delimitation, which is subsequently tested on two case study areas, one in England and one in the Netherlands. Following this analysis, an attempt is made to use the character areas identified as a basis for the formulation of guidelines for townscape management.

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Tolmay, John Peter Cleggenett. "Morphological and physiological responses of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to spatial arrangements." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1358.

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Thesis (PhD(Agric) (Agronomy))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.
The adoption of the no-till planting method brought about changes to the way the wheat crop is established in the Mediterranean climate of the Western Cape. Row widths have to increase from the normal narrow rows (170-180 mm) to at least 250 mm to allow for sufficient stubble handling. Furthermore, planters are designed to place seed accurately in the soil at uniform depth, which may increase seedling survival rates. The main objective of this study was to determine the influence of the use of wide row widths on yield, the components of yield and grain quality parameters and to revisit planting density recommendations to be used with the notill planting method. On-farm, producer managed trials which included cultivars, row widths and planting density treatments were planted at Riversdale, Swellendam and Caledon in the Southern Cape region and at Moorreesburg and Hopefield in the Swartland during the 2004 to 2006 production seasons. All trials were factorial RCB designs with split-split plot arrangements. Grain yield, grain protein, hectolitre mass (HLM) and the yield components, seedlings m-2, seedling survival (%), number of heads m-2, number of heads plant-1, number of kernels head-1 and thousand kernel mass (TKM) were determined at all sites in 2005 and 2006. Seedling survival rates of 80% were easily achieved in all trials with the exception of Caledon and Swellendam in 2005. The no-till planting method may be efficient to improve on survival rates of 50-70% found with the conventional planting methods. The yield component response that raised the most concern was the clear trend of the reduction in the number of heads m-2 as row widths increased, which was significant in eight out of the nine experiments. The number of heads plant-1 decreased significantly as planting density increased in all experiments. Cultivars differed in the grain quality parameters grain protein (%) and HLM but were influenced minimally by the other treatments. Reductions in grain yield occurred in three out of eight trials in the Southern Cape and in three out of six trials in the Swartland, with reductions of between 6.8% and 33% in some seasons. The risk of yield loss due to wide row widths could not be excluded by this study and therefore the row widths used by producers should remain as narrow as practically possible. Grain yield response to increasing planting density differed between the two regions. No significant yield benefits were found in any of these trials if planting densities were increased above 175 target plants m-2. Planting densities may be reduced to between 70 and 87.5 kg seed ha-1 to achieve this target if the crop is planted in time and seedling survival rates of at least 80% can be achieved.

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Östling, Robert. "Tagging a Morphologically Complex Language Using an Averaged Perceptron Tagger: The Case of Icelandic." Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för datorlingvistik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-90304.

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In this paper, we experiment with using Stagger, an open-source implementation of an Averaged Perceptron tagger, to tag Icelandic, a morphologically complex language. By adding languagespecific linguistic features and using IceMorphy, an unknown word guesser, we obtain state-of- the-art tagging accuracy of 92.82%. Furthermore, by adding data from a morphological database, and word embeddings induced from an unannotated corpus, the accuracy increases to 93.84%. This is equivalent to an error reduction of 5.5%, compared to the previously best tagger for Icelandic, consisting of linguistic rules and a Hidden Markov Model.

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Desuó, Ivan Cesar. "Variação morfofisiológica das castas da vespa enxameante neotropical Polybia (Trichothorax) ignobilis durante sua ontogenia colonial (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Epiponini) /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99555.

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Orientador: Sulene Noriko Shima
Banca: Sidnei Mateus
Banca: Fernando Barbosa Noll
Resumo: A família Vespidae é um grupo chave para o entendimento da origem do comportamento social nos Hymenoptera, pois inclui desde espécies solitárias que não apresentam qualquer grau de socialidade até espécies que são altamente sociais como os Epiponini (Hymenoptera:Vespidae). A separação em castas é uma das pedras fundamentais da evolução dos insetos sociais, pois a presença de uma grande diferenciação entre as castas indica um maior grau de socialidade. Neste contexto, as vespas neotropicais pertencentes à tribo Epiponini despertam grande interesse em estudos de evolução de castas, pois além de apresentarem colônias poligínicas pode se observar um grande espectro de variação ocorrendo desde espécies com castas morfologicamente incipientes até distintas. Além disso, para uma dada espécie, o perfil de diferenciação morfológica entre as castas pode variar ao longo do ciclo colonial, evidenciando uma grande flexibilidade adaptativa frente às diferentes situações enfrentadas pela colônia ao longo de seu desenvolvimento. Diferenças morfofisiológicas entre as castas de 6 colônias em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento colonial de Polybia (Trychothorax) ignobilis foram analisadas. Para determinar as diferenças morfológicas entre as castas, foram medidas 13 varíaveis corporais externas provenientes da cabeça, mesossoma, metassoma e asa. Os ovários foram fotografados e esquematizados, a inseminação, idade relativa, a quantidade de tecido gorduroso e a condição morfológica da glândula de Richards foram analisadas. As fêmeas apresentaram uma seqüência gradual no padrão de desenvolvimento ovariano, desde ovaríolos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Vespidae family is a key group in evolutionary studies of sociality in Hymenoptera due to the occurrence of every step of social organization including species whose do not present any degree of sociality until those which are highly social, such as the Epiponini (Hymenopter: Vespidae). The separation into castes is one of the most important features of social insects and the presence of a higher level of caste differentiation indicates a well defined reproductive division of labor and consequently a higher degree of sociality. Morphological studies of caste differentiation in Neotropical social wasps concentrate mainly in the Epiponini tribe, once it's ecologically abundant in Neotropics and presents a wide spectrum of variability of caste systems ranging from species with a slightly caste differentiation to those with conspicuous body differences. Besides, patterns of caste differentiation may vary according the colony cycle mainly in response to environmental changes which may affect the colony dynamics. Morphological and physiological differences between castes of 6 colonies of Polybia (Trychothorax) ignobilis were analyzed. Measurements were taken from 13 morphometric variables regarding the head, metasoma, mesosoma and wing... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

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Havenga, Lauren Nicole. "A morphological study of the kidney and renal portal system of the Cape griffon vulture (Gyps coprotheres)." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53298.

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In the 1990 s, diclofenac was responsible for the inadvertent deaths of over ten million vultures on the Asian subcontinent. While the pathology associated with their deaths was clearly evident as visceral and articular gout, the mechanism behind their death remains an enigma. In one of the supposition proposed on a potential mechanism of toxicity, it was postulated that the acute necrosis of the proximal convoluted tubules was caused by ischaemia. More specifically, toxicity was related to the avian renal vascular anatomy, whereby a renal portal blood supply exists viz. venous blood originating from the hind-quarters co-perfuses the kidney with arterial blood from the aorta. A further uniqueness of this system, is the presence of the renal portal valve in the v. iliaca communis, which appears to control the shunting of venous blood from the hind limbs to the vena cava, thereby bypassing the cranial renal lobe in times of stress. In the theory put forward, it was suggested that the valve could be under prostaglandin control and that diclofenac (a potent cyclooxygenase inhibitor) would potentially induce a change in the valve functionality with the net effect being the shunting of blood away from the cranial renal lobe resulting in hypoperfusion, ischaemia and necrosis of this lobe. While the theory appears plausible, the valva renalis portalis has only been described in a small number of other bird species such as the chicken (Gallus domesticus) and ostrich (Struthio camelus), which actually has six valvae renales (de Carvalho, et al. 2007). The aim of this study was to evaluate the renal anatomy and related vasculature of the Cape griffon vulture (Gyps coprotheres) (CGV), which is senstive to the toxic effects of diclofenac. Special attention is also being given to comparisons with the anatomy of the domestic chicken. This study made use of 13 CGVs. Six specimens were freshly perfused with formalin within minutes of being euthansed. In all cases, the birds were euthanised on the recommendation of the treating veterinarian due severe orthopaedic injuries. The birds were otherwise deemed to be healthy. For the histological portion of the study, evaluations were made of both stored samples in the bank at the Section of veterinary pathology of the University of Pretoria, while renal and associated vascular tissue from two of the freshly fixed birds were prepared using standard H&E techniques. The other seven were recovered dead in the field. Of these four were prepared for skeletal evaluation, and the remainder used for vascular casting. The kidneys of the CGV were present within the fossae renales and were well attached to the synsacrum and the ilium, and was trilobular. While this was similar to the chicken, the divisions with their connective tissue capsule in the vulture was much more prominent than in the chicken. The vasculature was also almost identical to the domestic chicken, with the only differences being at the entrance of the v. portalis renalis caudalis and the exit of the v. renalis caudalis into the v. iliaca communis on the right. The valva renalis portalis was also present in same location described in the chicken with a similar appearance viz. the valve was present in the v. iliaca communis between the v. renalis caudalis and the v. renalis cranialis and appeared as conical shaped, with finger-like processes. Histologically, the CGV kidney was similar to that to other avian spp, with reptilian, mammalian and intermediate nephrons being evident. The kidney also had the expected appearance with the cortex consisting of the glomeruli and the medulla being made up of medullary cones. On cross-section the renal portal valve was composed of smooth muscle finger-like projections that protruded into the lumen of the lumen of the v. iliaca communis. The valve was well vascularised and was associated with a nerve plexus. While the plexus could not be conclusively associated with the valve, the renal portal valve is the only intravascular smooth muscle structure that has been described to have sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation. Based on the findings of this study, the proposed mechanism of toxicity of diclofenac is anatomically possible. The similarity of the chicken and vulture in their anatomical structure may also explain previous finding that the chicken could serve as a physiological model of the study of the pathophysiology of diclofenac s toxicity.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
tm2016
Anatomy and Physiology
MSc

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33

Desuó, Ivan Cesar [UNESP]. "Variação morfofisiológica das castas da vespa enxameante neotropical Polybia (Trichothorax) ignobilis durante sua ontogenia colonial (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Epiponini)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99555.

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Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
A família Vespidae é um grupo chave para o entendimento da origem do comportamento social nos Hymenoptera, pois inclui desde espécies solitárias que não apresentam qualquer grau de socialidade até espécies que são altamente sociais como os Epiponini (Hymenoptera:Vespidae). A separação em castas é uma das pedras fundamentais da evolução dos insetos sociais, pois a presença de uma grande diferenciação entre as castas indica um maior grau de socialidade. Neste contexto, as vespas neotropicais pertencentes à tribo Epiponini despertam grande interesse em estudos de evolução de castas, pois além de apresentarem colônias poligínicas pode se observar um grande espectro de variação ocorrendo desde espécies com castas morfologicamente incipientes até distintas. Além disso, para uma dada espécie, o perfil de diferenciação morfológica entre as castas pode variar ao longo do ciclo colonial, evidenciando uma grande flexibilidade adaptativa frente às diferentes situações enfrentadas pela colônia ao longo de seu desenvolvimento. Diferenças morfofisiológicas entre as castas de 6 colônias em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento colonial de Polybia (Trychothorax) ignobilis foram analisadas. Para determinar as diferenças morfológicas entre as castas, foram medidas 13 varíaveis corporais externas provenientes da cabeça, mesossoma, metassoma e asa. Os ovários foram fotografados e esquematizados, a inseminação, idade relativa, a quantidade de tecido gorduroso e a condição morfológica da glândula de Richards foram analisadas. As fêmeas apresentaram uma seqüência gradual no padrão de desenvolvimento ovariano, desde ovaríolos...
The Vespidae family is a key group in evolutionary studies of sociality in Hymenoptera due to the occurrence of every step of social organization including species whose do not present any degree of sociality until those which are highly social, such as the Epiponini (Hymenopter: Vespidae). The separation into castes is one of the most important features of social insects and the presence of a higher level of caste differentiation indicates a well defined reproductive division of labor and consequently a higher degree of sociality. Morphological studies of caste differentiation in Neotropical social wasps concentrate mainly in the Epiponini tribe, once it’s ecologically abundant in Neotropics and presents a wide spectrum of variability of caste systems ranging from species with a slightly caste differentiation to those with conspicuous body differences. Besides, patterns of caste differentiation may vary according the colony cycle mainly in response to environmental changes which may affect the colony dynamics. Morphological and physiological differences between castes of 6 colonies of Polybia (Trychothorax) ignobilis were analyzed. Measurements were taken from 13 morphometric variables regarding the head, metasoma, mesosoma and wing... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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34

Molina, Reverie Alvarez. "Morphological and Genetic Description of the Freshwater Mussel, Elliptio complanata (Lightfoot, 1786) in the Cape Fear River System, N.C." NCSU, 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05202004-184213/.

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The purpose of this research is to provide a preliminary description of the morphological and genetic variation of a cosmopolitan freshwater mussel E. complanata from one North Carolina river system, Cape Fear River (CFR). Individuals from CFR were collected and compared with known specimens of E. complanata (topotype). Multivariate analyses, such as factor and discriminant analyses were utilized to differentiate the individuals based on thirty morphological shell landmarks. Genetic analyses involved the use of diversity estimates and cluster analyses based on cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequence and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprint data. Factor analysis suggest that E. complanata from CFR maybe differentiated based on the thickness of posterior and anterior shell angles, and obesity of the shells. Significant differences between the CFR samples and topotypes were demonstrated by discriminant analysis of morphological data and by COI gene diversity estimates. This difference corroborated earlier work suggesting geographic delineation of E. complanata shell form. Genomic fingerprinting suggests further variation even within the topotypes. Phenotype of the topotypic materials seems to support this genomic variability. Heirarchical cluster analyses of morphometry and genetic data further showed different groups supporting earlier research suggesting high form variation within the E. complanata species.

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Maseng, Monique Rochelle. "Risk analysis and potential implications of exotic Gyrodactylus species on cultured and wild cyprinids in the Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8321_1307685946.

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Koi and goldfish have been released into rivers in South Africa since the 1800&rsquo
s for food and sport fish and have since spread extensively. These fish are present in most of the river systems in South Africa and pose an additional threat the indigenous cyprinids in the Western Cape. Monogenean parasites of the genus Gyrodactylus are of particular concern, as their unique biology renders them a possible threat. Gyrodactylus kherulensis and G. kobayashii were identified from koi and goldfish respectively imported from Asia, Europe and locally bred fish. Morphometrics and the use of statistical classifiers, which includes univariate (ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis), bivariate (Pearson&rsquo
s correlation) and multivariate (Principal Component Analysis) placed the two species within their respective groups. There was some intraspecific variation among the different populations collected from the various locations, especially in the hamulus and ventral bar features, but the marginal hooklets, however, remained static for both helminth species.

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Mostert, Colin. "The diversity of malignant rhabdoid tumours : a morphological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural review of cases from the Red Cross Children's Hospital and Groote Schuur Hospitals." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26788.

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Malignant rhabdoid tumours of the kidney are rare childhood neoplasms. Extra-renal rhabdoid tumours are known to have a distinctive biological behaviour and do not always occur in the paediatric age group. As the histogenesis of rhabdoid tumours, and their apparent relationship to nephroblastoma is still unclear, careful assessment of new cases is required. This investigation illustrates diverse ultrastructural, light microscopic and immunohistochemical findings. These features are related to each other and to the biological behaviour of renal rhabdoid tumours, and six extra-renal lesions with rhabdoid features obtained from the Pathology Archives of the Red Cross Children's Hospital and Groote Schuur Hospital. In this series primitive epithelial elements are a dominant feature, but ultrastructural features of one renal rumour suggest diverse differentiation. The extra-renal lesions investigated include three undifferentiated rhabdoid lesions, a primitive neuro-ectodermal tumour, a malignant epithelioid Schwannoma and a possible undifferentiated hepatocellular carcinoma; all showing areas of extensive rhabdoid differentiation. Pseudo-rhabdoid cells in an additional two cases were also examined. These particular tumours were a nephroblastoma and a fibro-lamellar carcinoma of the liver. These rhabdoid tumour mimics were ultrastructurally different from true rhabdoid cells. Strong immunohistochemical co-expression of Vimentin and cytokeratin in rhabdoid tumour cell inclusions has been noted by previous investigators. (Vogel, 1984) (Gansler, 1991), (Berry, 1992). We speculate that the predominant line of differentiation in renal rhabdoid tumours is epithelial although, as in nephroblastoma multiple lines of differentiation may occur. The extra-renal lesions appear to represent more than one entity, but once again epithelial or neuro-epithelial differentiation appears to be present. Ultrastructural examination is a more useful investigation than immunohistochemistry because of inherent non-specific uptake of antibodies by the filamentous cytoplasmic inclusions.

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Britton, Matthew Newton. "Tetraria triangularis (Boeck.) C.B. Clarke and the Cape fold archipelago : an analysis of genetic and morphological variation in a high-altitude species native to the moutains of the Cape floristic region." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11914.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-127).
The Cape Floristic Region (CPR) is renowned for its high plant species richness and high floristic endemism (Marloth 1929, Takahatjan, 1986, Goldblatt and Manning 2000, Linder 2003). A small number of clades (33) account for 50% of the species diversity, indicating that much of the diversification has occurred in situ, rendering it reminiscent of island archipelago radiations (Marloth 1929, Linder 2003). At a higher taxonomic level, 16.2 % of genera and four families are endemic to the area (Goldblatt et al. 2005)

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Diedrich, Stephan, der Linde Julia van, Michael Nielson, Pia Menges, Jens-Peter Kühn, Andre Käding, Trunga Dung Ngyuen, Claus-Dieter Heidecke, Lars Ivo Partecke, and Wolfram Kessler. "The MRI Sepsis Score: An Innovative Tool for the Evaluation of Septic Peritonitis in Mice Using 7-Tesla Small Animal MRI." Karger, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A38909.

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Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are rarely used in the context of abdominal sepsis and in sepsis research. This study investigates the impact of MRI for monitoring septic peritonitis in an animal model (colon ascendens stent-induced peritonitis, CASP). The CASP model closely mimics that of human disease and is highly standardized. The most frequently employed readout parameter in mouse CASP studies is prolonged or decreased rate of survival. Monitoring the progression of peritonitis via MRI could provide a helpful tool in the evaluation of severity. The use of alternative readout systems could very well reduce the number of research animals. Perspectively, clinical improvement after certain treatment could be classified. Methods: This study describes for the first time MRI findings following the induction of septic peritonitis in mice using the CASP model. Two sublethal groups of mice with septic peritonitis were investigated. Each had received one of two differing stent diameters in order to control the leakage of feces into the abdominal cavity. Each mouse served as its own control. Imaging and analyses were performed blinded. Gut diameters, stomach volume, abdominal organ wall diameters, and volume of the adrenal glands were measured. Serum corticosterone levels were detected using ELISA. Serum IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 levels were screened by cytometric bead array. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test for nonparametric probes and the Kruskal-Wallis and t tests. Results: Using a 7-tesla MRI scanner 24 and 48 h after induction of septic peritonitis, interenteric fluid, organ swelling of spleen and adrenal glands, as well as dilatation of the stomach were compared to nonseptic conditions. Swelling of adrenal glands resulted in an increased serum corticosterone level. In addition, the wall of the intestine bowel was thickened. Based upon these findings, an MRI score (MRI sepsis score, MSS) for abdominal sepsis in mice was established. Reduced stent sizes led to reduced severity of the abdominal sepsis, which could be reproduced in the MSS, which is described here for the first time. Conclusions: Intraabdominal variations during septic peritonitis are detectable by MRI techniques. MRI methods should become a more important tool for the evaluation of abdominal peritonitis. MSS could provide an interesting tool for the evaluation of therapeutic strategies.

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Schlee, Matthias [Verfasser], and Vera [Akademischer Betreuer] Hemleben. "Classification of taxonomic units for biology and conservation in the cases of Lathyrus pannonicus and Oxytropis pilosa - Evaluation of morphological and phytosociological studies integrating molecular genetic data / Matthias Schlee ; Betreuer: Vera Hemleben." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1197058176/34.

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Fregonezi, Gustavo Adolfo de Freitas. "Perfil de manejo na identificação de modificações de atributos do solo decorrentes do uso agricola." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257137.

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Orientador: Carlos Roberto Espindola
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola
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Resumo: O estudo foi realizado no ano de 2002, na região Norte do Estado do Paraná, município de Rolândia, na Fazenda Jaú e teve como objetivo avaliar as modificações morfológicas, físicas e químicas de um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico, comparando-se o sistema de cultivo contínuo de cana-de-açúcar utilizado pela Cooperativa Agrícola de Rolândia e o sistema plantio direto com a cultura de trigo em rotação com outras culturas anuais, ambos com 8 anos de cultivos sucessivos, utilizando-se como referência uma área de vegetação nativa localizada ao lado dos sistemas avaliados. Foram abertas seis trincheiras em cada sistema avaliado, para realização do estudo morfológico pelo método do perfil de manejo. Com base na identificação das unidades morfologicamente homogêneas encontradas na descrição do perfil de solo, foram realizadas amostragens para análises de granulometria, densidade de partículas, densidade do solo, estabilidade de agregados e porosidade total, além de análises químicas de rotina. As análises morfológicas, físicas e químicas permitiram concluir que as principais modificações químicas, físicas e morfológicas verificadas nos tratamentos com a cultura de cana-de-açúcar no sistema tradicional e com trigo no sistema de plantio direto restringiram-se aos primeiros 45 cm dos perfis. Os tratamentos com a cultura de cana-de-açúcar no sistema tradicional de manejo e com trigo no sistema plantio direto apresentaram redução entre 15 e 20% na porosidade, enquanto a macrofauna de invertebrados desempenhou importante papel na formação de canais e no transporte de materiais para dentro dos perfis pedológicos estudados. O método do perfil de manejo permitiu uma adequada percepção das principais alterações encontradas nos tratamentos estudados
Abstract: The study was carried in 2002, in the north of Paraná, Rolandia, in Jaú Farm and had how objective asses the morphological modification, physicals and chemistries about a clayey Oxisols, comparing the conventional systems of sugar cane used by Rolandia's Cooperative Agriculture and the systems of no tillage with wheat culture in rotation with others years cultures, both with eight years of successes cultivations, using how reference a vegetation native area localized beside valuated systems. Were opened six trenches in each valuated system, for carrying about morphological study by method of Cropping Profile Method. Based on the identification of the units morphologically homogeneous found in the description about the profile of soil, were realized samples for analysis of soil texture, particle density, bulk density, soil total porosity, distribution of water stable aggregate, besides chemistries systems of routine. The morphological analyzes, physicals and chemistries, helped to conclude that the mains chemistries, physicals and morphological changed checked in treatment with the sugar cane culture in the traditional systems and with trig in the systems of no tillage restricting in the first forty-five centimeters of the profiles. The treatments with the conventional systems of sugar cane and with wheat in the no tillage systems presented a reduction between fifteen and twenty per cent in soil porosity, while the soil fauna of invertebrates played an important role in the formation of ducts and in the transport of materials into the profiles studied. The Cropping Profile Method helped to understand an apropriate notion about the mains changed found in the treatment studied.
Doutorado
Agua e Solo
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola

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41

Ussery, Cherlon. "Optionality and variability: Syntactic licensing meets morphological spell-out." 2009. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3380035.

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This dissertation explores case and verbal agreement in Icelandic. Case and agreement generally pattern together, but there are exceptional instances in which case and agreement come apart. In Icelandic, verbs agree with Nominative DPs. However, in some constructions, agreement with a Nominative is optional. In the standard account of case and agreement (Chomsky 2000), both types of features are determined simultaneously via the same syntactic operation. The standard theory, therefore, predicts that case and agreement should pattern the same way, and that neither should be optional. Moreover, based on fieldwork conducted at the University of Iceland, I present data that has not heretofore been reported. I argue that the likelihood of agreement depends on the type of construction. My research builds on other work which addresses optionality in Icelandic agreement (e.g. Sigurðsson and Holmberg 2008). This dissertation makes a substantial contribution to the literature on Icelandic agreement in that the rate of agreement across various types of constructions has not been examined. I illustrate that this type of optionality is not only robust, but also systematic. This dissertation contributes to the larger literature on case and agreement in several important ways. First, I argue for a departure from the standard proposal that case and agreement are established via the same syntactic operation. I propose that it is possible for the probe which assigns case to be in a relationship with a DP, even though the probe which establishes agreement is not in a relationship with that DP. Second, I provide empirical support for Multiple Agree. I argue that the survey findings reported in this dissertation provide evidence that a probe can enter into a relationship with more than one goal. Third, I provide empirical evidence for the optionality of Multiple Agree. I argue that agreement is optional only in constructions in which there is an item intervening between T and the Nominative, and Multiple Agree is, thereby, required in order for an agreement relationship to be established.

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42

Cheng-Feng, Lai, and 賴成鳳. "Morphological Analysis Applied to Western Costume-A case study Based on the Costume of Renaissance." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48189680218795756043.

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碩士
輔仁大學
織品服裝學系
97
This thesis aims to investigate the morphological analysis of western costume. A case of western costume in Renaissance era has been verified how to utilize methods of text analysis, picture analysis and morphological analysis to apply to western costume design. According to morphological varieties of western costume, this research adopts morphological analysis and proposes a six-step procedure. The previous five steps are attempted to establish five morphological matrix charts. The last step illustrates how to use morphological matrix charts to aid fashion design decision-making as well as to search for western costume solution, which meets desired costume conditions. In the case study of western costume in Renaissance era, this research separate western costume into four classes: male upper costume, male lower costume, female upper dress and female lower dress. Based on the above proposed six-step procedure, the related morphological matrix charts can be built up, respectively. Fashion design sub-solutions include picture, costume profile and characteristics description. Therefore, the morphological matrix charts presented in this research lead to multi-dimensional thinking method, which are much more creative and efficient than the conventional one-dimensional thinking. This thesis suggests that future designers can refer to the research results to efficiently adopt the morphological characteristics of costume in Renaissance era to design their new costume, particularly, suitable for designing new ceremony dresses and wedding dresses. Additionally, the research results can also be applied to help systemically teaching history of western costume.

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43

Chih-YuChen and 陳芝毓. "A morphological study on the spatial configuration of Port-City Interface: a case in Kaohsiung." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/e9sm96.

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碩士
國立成功大學
都市計劃學系
106
Port cities stand out from inland cities for their distinct development process i.e. the double influence of global shipping technologies and inland transportation, bringing to the separation of the port and the city and the forming of „Port-City Interface“. Recently, port cities sought large-scale waterfront renewal as treatment for upgrading urban spaces. Kaohsiung, as one of the largest port cities in Taiwan and regional economic center, is facing similar redevelopment forces. Accordingly, the research aims to deconstruct the macro spatial composition of Kaohsiung and the Port-City Interface in the meso scale in order to reveal the influence of port-city evolution on physical environments. Based on the theories of port-city evolutions and Urban Morphology, Plan Analysis combined with spatial metrics and clustering is adopted to quantify the ground plan of Kaohsiung in grid cells. Results show that Kaohsiung has been through six phases of different port-city relationships, resulting in the containerized port in the southern coast and a large main core and several subcores forming the inland multi-nucleus structure. In between lies the Port-City Interface as the transition area. In macro scale, it consists of the old towns, industrial areas, parts of the inner fringe belt, and large un-built land. In meso scale, it is made up of eleven dwelling groups, one transport and six port-industrial areas, and six large vacant areas, which are closely related to the six development phases. The research may serve as the basis for reviewing the spatial structure and land use regulations in Kaohsiung.

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Weitzel, Misty A. "A new method for the analysis of human hair : a morphological case study of five sample populations." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/33617.

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Hair is an important piece of evidence in forensic and archaeological investigations. Analysis of the morphological features of hair has been reported since at least the early 1800's. However, many questions still remain unanswered such as, how can human groups (or local populations) be analyzed and possibly distinguished from each other based on the morphology of their hair? This investigation successfully established a set of procedures for analysis of human hair morphology and explored the possibility of separating populations by examining a case study of 40 hairs from five sample populations (Mongolian, English, Vietnamese, Native American Sioux and Oneida). The methodology leads the investigator from the point of receiving a single hair to acquiring a list of specific, discernible traits characterizing that hair. These methods included a variety laboratory procedures (cleaning, casting, mounting and microtome sectioning of the hair) and examination procedures (microscope and computer imaging and developing a key and database). Statistical analysis was then utilized in order to determine the variability and/or relationships between the populations. Although the results were not statistically significant, they weakly support a division of three groups: English, Mongolian and Vietnamese, and Sioux and Oneida. The small sample size and overlap between the five populations is a limiting factor in attempting to discriminate between populations and should be taken into consideration in future investigations.
Graduation date: 1999

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45

Chiang, Mi-Li, and 江宓莉. "A Case Study: the Effects of Traditional Definition-based Instruction and Morphological Instruction on Undergraduates’ Vocabulary Learning." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/722z55.

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碩士
國立中正大學
英語教學研究所
104
The role of vocabulary has always been considered part and parcel of English learning, and a growing number of studies have been exploring how to help English language learners acquire vocabulary more effectively. The present study implemented traditional definition-based vocabulary instruction and morphological instruction and aimed at investigating their effects on two undergraduates’ vocabulary learning. The present study included two participants who were non-English major undergraduates. They received 10 vocabulary lessons lasting five weeks and taught via traditional definition-based vocabulary instruction and morphological instruction, respectively. The study aimed at probing into the effects of the two vocabulary instructions on the participants’ immediate, short-term, and long-term memory of the definitions and spellings of words. Moreover, it also explored whether learning words via morphological instruction enabled the participant to apply morphological knowledge and analytical skill learnt from the 10 vocabulary lessons to 10 unknown words and to infer their meanings. The participants’ word learning outcomes were evaluated and compared by the instruments including three vocabulary tests and 10 immediate vocabulary tests. Besides, the participant receiving morphological instruction was additionally given transfer tests right after the 10 vocabulary lessons were completed and two months after the last vocabulary lesson, respectively. Each transfer test was followed by an interview conducted to ascertain the participant actually correctly inferred the meanings of words by applying morphological knowledge and skill learnt from the 10 vocabulary lessons. Findings from the present study showed the participant receiving morphological instruction overall outperformed his counterpart in the 10 immediate vocabulary tests and two vocabulary tests given after the 10 vocabulary lessons were completed. Besides, it was found that the participant receiving morphological instruction could attack six and five meanings of the 10 unknown words respectively in the two transfer tests by harnessing the morphological analysis and knowledge learnt from the 10 vocabulary lessons.

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LAI, CHUN-TING, and 賴春婷. "The Short-Term Morphological Fluctuation of the Tamsui Estuary, A case study on the Watsuwei, Taipei, Taiwan." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58349823804651148016.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
地理環境資源學研究所
91
Estuaries form important parts of the coastal system and may be subdivided into three regimes; wave dominated, tidal dominated and river dominated. Each dominant hydrological regime has significant influence on sediment transport. This study investigates coastal evolution of a river dominated estuary at various spatial and temporal scales. The Morphology of the Tamsui Estuary is highly influenced by natural environment and human activities. This study aims to understand the short-term morphological fluctuation of the Tamsui Estuary. A detailed surveying by using total station was used to measure surface relief for constructing digital terrain models (DTMs) of Watsuwei research site before and after Typhoon Sinlaku which took place in 2002. Typhoon Sinlaku has caused erosion and deposition in the study area, but the north-eastern monsoon also plays an important role in shaping beach configuration.

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47

Chia-HsinCheng and 鄭巧欣. "A Morphological Analysis of Carbon Dioxide Emissions of Construction: Case study of residential, school, office buildingin Southern region of Taiwan." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23sh2e.

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碩士
國立成功大學
建築學系碩博士班
101
Facing the crisis of global warming, topics concerning carbon dioxide have drawn much attention, particularly the topic of low-carbon economy. The primary impact factor of global warming is CO2, accounting for about 50% of the total greenhouse effect gases. The key to solve such problem is how to effectively control CO2 in construction field. This study conducts discussion on the false-work, the structure-work and the interior decoration-work during the construction phase of a life cycle. And the CO2 emission formula LCCO2 structure is derived from the accumulated assessment of survey data by Chang You-Sheng’s (2002) without using a project evaluation sheet to make calculations, which may have changed since the case has been completed for years. Compared with either natural disasters or human factors in the past, people value the overall safety of the architecture in addition to its beautiful appearance. Consequently, the Ministry of the Interior amended the Seismic Design Specifications and Commentary of Buildings in 2005, which necessarily influence the consumption required by architectures and indirectly influences the carbon emissions. Considering the literature is relatively old, it is quite necessary to obtain the near-term evaluation sheet to compute for accuracy. Based on this, the study collects relative evaluation sheets of residence, schools and offices, converts categories in project evaluation sheet into life cycle classification, and then lists the carbon emission of individual items like mould plate, scaffold, concrete, reinforced bar, doors and windows, interior and exterior decoration projects, so as to find the most influential factor. Subsequently, through the regression analysis with STATA software, it concludes the formula based on factors considered individually, which can shorten the case evaluation time and then design corresponding countermeasures in reducing carbon dioxide emission. If a reasonable design aiming at construction planning can be taken to evaluate whether the architecture exceeds standard of carbon dioxide emissions through the calculation of appropriate usage amount of building materials, it may provide architecture-related industries in the future and carbon emissions of new buildings which the sponsoring agency quickly inspect and evaluate. As a result, it may avoid excessive resource waste, facilitate the abatement of carbon emission and effective use of resources, and reach the objective of light-weight and optimization of buildings, which finally executes the national policies of promoting green and low-carbon architecture.

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48

Ching-HuaTseng and 曾璟樺. "Historical Stratification of the Port Cities in Taiwan from Micro-Morphological Aspect: A Case Study of Old Port Area in Kaohsiung." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92w6xt.

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碩士
國立成功大學
都市計劃學系
105
Ports symbolize the beginning of modern times. Ports and port area are interdependent functionally and spatially. Port cities, teeming with people’s consciousness and memories, form distinctive townscape as time passing by. However, the advancement of shipping technology indirectly causes the link of space and function between port and city to be severed, flourishing port cities beginning to wane. The historical characteristics of port cities are ignored. Townscape is the result of long-time accumulation and is very significant and irreplaceable cultural assets; it will be unrecoverable once destroyed because of inappropriate urban planning. Therefore, in this study, historical stratification is employed as a strategy to analyze the townscape of port cities in order to establish urban morphology-related arguments. Unlike other studies adopting macro perspectives, this study intends to analyze the townscape of Taiwan port cities through historical stratification from micro-morphological aspect. The old port area in Kaohsiung is used as empirical area in this study, and Town-Plan Analysis is employed as the major process. Plus, three assessment criteria are established according to “Morpho”, a methodology for assessing urban form. Spaces are clustered based on the results of the assessment, and the correlation between historical stratification and the development of ports can be verified through the context of old port area. The result shows that there are 4 layers of historical stratification if only solid spaces is focused, but 10 layers if both solid and void spaces are analyzed, which can be the reference to identify the range of conservation or redevelopment.

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49

Pei-WenWU and 吳蓓雯. "Spatial Configuration of the Fishing Port Cities in Taiwan on Marine Culture Aspect: A Case Study of Morphological Region in Donggang." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k5b575.

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碩士
國立成功大學
都市計劃學系
106
From the establishment of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea to the establishment of the Ocean Affairs Commission in Taiwan, the sustainable management and development of marine affairs have become an important issue. In the process of urban development in Taiwan, the port serves as a boundary area between ocean and land, and it brings marine cultures of various kinds to the sea. Among them, fishery culture is one of the specific features. Coastal settlements have the essence of human interaction with the sea and form a unique urban landscape that embodies the marine culture, by seeing culture as vital to urban development. In the future, if the general urban planning approach plans it, it is easy to overlook the intrinsic quality and doesn't conform to the current trend of sustainable urban development. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyse the spatial configuration of Taiwan's fishing port city, summaries and establish its spatial discussion. Based on Urban Morphology, this study analyses the plan-units and its characteristics of the fishing port cities in Taiwan. The research method is based on town-plan analysis, and the research process is divided into three parts. The first is through literature review and infographic to grasp the fundamental factors and context that affect the development of the settlement. The second is the quantitative analysis of the database of plan-units which contains three kinds of plan-unit including streets, plots and buildings to set up indicators. The third is to identify the types and scope of the morphological region to analyse its spatial configuration. Based on the characteristics of the aforementioned fishing port cities, this study takes Donggang as the study area. The method of the town-plan analysis analysed the spatial configuration of Donggang. There are six kinds of the morphological regions including the fishing settlement, commercial market, residential area, fringe belt and military-base area. This study summarises the morphological region of fishing port cities or provides a reference for the future functional classification of Spatial Planning Act programs. The basis for the preservation and redevelopment of the old town in the port cities of Taiwan, as a marine country's vision.

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王貞穎. "A Research on Transformation of Spatial Morphological Structural in Urban Plan Process－A Case Study of Yen Hang Settlement in Yong Kang." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70189798051513913171.

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Abstract:

碩士
國立成功大學
都市計劃學系碩博士班
98
Taiwan's urban space successively grows in the Chinese tradition geography geomancy and under the Western space plan different idea, because in view of nowadays new and old different space in urban and with the influence of the Western concept of spatial planning, this research because of recollection real diagnosis base Yong Kang Yen Heng old settlement space development, origin of the analysis settlement spatial morphology transformation. By understood that the settlement transforms plan of process as the modern urban space, examines knows dropping variance of planning of plan correspondence settlement texture the urban plan for the Yong Kang Yen Heng settlement spatial morphology conversion process the main origin. The problem awareness of the study is the fall between the layout of urban plan and the texture of settlement, this study is to review the causes for the development process of old settlements from the case study of Yen Heng settlement in Yong Kang, and to review the factors for the transformation of spatial morphology before and after the implementation of the Urban Plan of 1978, and to explore how the existing urban spatial morphology is formed according to the changes in material spaces in old settlements such as the migrating process of settlements, traffic lines, land use activities and religious belief centers. Furthermore, this study is intended to integrate all factors to be concerned during the urban plan process as the example for future planning of old settlements in Taijowan Bay alongside the Yanshuei River.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Morphological case'

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