Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Moral and legal aspects'
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Ronn, Gita Tova. "Trade in kidneys, legal and moral aspects in Israeli Law." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq29841.pdf.
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Ronn, Gita Tova. "Trade in kidneys : legal and moral aspects in Israeli law." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27466.
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This thesis attempts to answer the following question: Should it ever be legally permissible to buy a kidney from a living donor in Israel?Existing legislation and government policy prohibit payment out of fear that the poor, minorities, and other vulnerable people will be coerced to exchange organs for money, i.e. it focuses on the potential harm to the donor. This thesis will address the issue of whether this prohibition is justified and how much risk a paid donor should be allowed to assume.
This essay will present a detailed investigation of an existing kidney trade in Israel, as well as a review of the nature and medical risks associated with kidney donation from a healthy kidney donor. It will also provide an overview of the legal provisions and case-law, pertaining to kidney transplant in Israeli law and Jewish law, and will seek answers to the silence of the legislator in different sources of law. This thesis will conclude with suggestions and recommendations for a statutory authorization of a market system of kidney transfer and will present a model of a health-transplant agency, in an effort to answer the growing demand for kidneys.
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Hammond-Browning, Natasha Louise. "Legal and moral aspects of human embryonic stem cell research." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2009. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54951/.
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This thesis is concerned with two different aspects of human embryonic stem cell research: legal and moral. These are not two distinct areas the law cannot regulate this controversial area of science without the input of morality. There is not one moral viewpoint on the use of human embryos in scientific research and as such this thesis discusses several different moral viewpoints before moving on to consider how the law takes into account these wide ranging and diverse stances. The science of human embryonic stem cell research is discussed briefly so as to ensure that the reader comprehends the science that the law is seeking to regulate and over which there is so much ethical debate. The majority of this thesis then considers the legal aspects of human embryonic stem cell research. The focus is upon the human embryo and human embryonic stem cell interface how the legislation which governs human embryo research has been used to subsequently regulate human embryonic stem cell research. The examination of the legal aspects of human embryonic stem cell research starts with a historical chapter on how the legislation came into force. This is necessary so as to understand how and why we regulate human embryonic stem cell research as we do and what the legislation does, before moving onto the finer detail. The role of research ethics committees, the HFEA and the UK Stem Cell Bank in human embryonic stem cell research are all analysed in depth, problem areas highlighted and solutions suggested. An analytical discussion of the reform process which led to the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 is the last step in the examination of the regulation of human embryonic stem cell research. Finally comparisons are made to the State of California, USA which was the first US state to permissively fund stem cell research. The law stated is correct as of the 13th November 2008 when the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 received Royal Assent.
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Vandenabeele, Fabienne. "Patentability of living organisms : legal and ethical aspects of the question." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31177.
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Given the considerable advances in the field of biotechnology in the last decades, new issues of scientific, social, legal and ethical nature have been raised, particularly concerning inventions making use of living material, and their patentability.Notwithstanding some reluctance at the outset, most of patent offices as well as courts and tribunals in the United States, Canada and Europe have finally accepted patentability of living organisms. Oppositions are however numerous and, more than a criticism towards the patent system itself, it is genetic engineering that is put into question.
Europe has recently regulated the legal protection of biotechnological inventions. Being a text of compromise, the Directive is already subject of controversies. The United States and Canada have not yet decided to explicitly legislate in this field. Some decisions taken in particular cases allow to determine the state of the question in these two countries. It is however not certain that they can be satisfied with an unregulated technology that raises so many moral questions.
The question of the foremost importance concerns the research branch, as well as the use that will be done with inventions emerging from the biotechnology industry. Patent law being unable to prevent technological creations, it is above all the utilisation of it that will allow to retain the most beneficial inventions for humankind and its environment.
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Johnson, Lauri Sue. "An examination of moral boundaries associated with legal and social changes in response to the AIDS epidemic." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4320.
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This thesis explores the relationship between law and society and various forms of causality: (1) legal change leading to social change; (2) social change leading to legal change; and (3) the interdependent interaction between social change and legal change. It is proposed that a multi-directional approach would be the most useful in examining the moral boundaries exemplified in the law identified with legal and social changes that have resulted in response to the AIDS epidemic.
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Hurlimann, Thierry. "The duty to treat very defective neonates as "persons" : from the legal and moral personhood of very defective neonates to their best interests in medical treatment." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80929.
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The dramatic improvement of neonatal intensive care has produced vexing ethical and legal questions. One of the most striking issues is to determine whether the most defective neonates should be provided with intensive care and to what extent they should be treated. This thesis demonstrates that an attempt to answer this question and an analysis of the demands and limitations of a duty to treat defective neonates cannot properly occur without first considering the legal concerns and ethical issues surrounding the notion of "person". The author examines germane ethical theories and North-American jurisprudence to see what approaches and standards commentators and courts have adopted in this respect. This thesis demonstrates that in the context of the cessation or non-initiation of intensive care, the legal and moral status of very defective neonates remain ambiguous. In particular, the author suggests that a legal best interests analysis that includes quality of life considerations may actually involve the use of criteria similar to those supported by the authors of the controversial moral theories that negate the personhood of seriously handicapped newborns. The author ultimately concludes that a clear divide between the legal definition of the "person" and the moral and social perceptions of that term is misleading.
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Pescarolo, Joyce Kelly. "Morte, racionalização e contágio moral." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/19453.
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Obiedat, Ahmad Z. "Uṣūl al-fiqh hermeneutics as reflected on the debate on human cloning : a critical analysis of contemporary Islamic legal discourse." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79968.
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This thesis discusses the prohibition of human cloning in contemporary Islamic legal discourse, which relies on two distinct doctrines: the first seeks support in the Qur'anic text, while the second depends on method of utilitarian legal hermeneutics (al-istiṣlaḥ ). These doctrines are examined by comparing them to the method that contemporary Islamic legal discourse adopts, namely, uṣul al-fiqh. When this is done, a discrepancy emerges in the first doctrine that traces this prohibition back to the text of revelation, which in turn requires further clarification of the foundations of hermeneutics in uṣul al-fiqh---identified here as textual and legislative consistency. For this, Shaṭibi's theory of maqaṣid al-sharī'ah offers one of the most reliable bases for the hermeneutics to evaluate the second doctrine. The methodological venture in this thesis aims at criticizing the current methodology while at the same time offering a justified approach to hermeneutics in contemporary Islamic legal discourse and in the case of human cloning.
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Ginbar, Yuval. "Torture, terrorists and ticking bombs : moral, societal and legal aspects of the 'ticking bomb' justification for torture in the struggle against terrorism." Thesis, University of Essex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433596.
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Sullivan, Camille. "Two's legal but three's a crowd : law, morality and three-parent embryos: regulation of mitochondrial replacement therapy." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/109247.
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Barnardt, Gerard Louis. "Electronic communication in the workplace : employer vs employee legal rights." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49942.
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Thesis (LLM)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The monitoring of electronic communication is likely to face all employers sooner or later. The rapid advancement in technology aimed at helping to monitor electronic communication, makes it easier than ever before for employers to monitor the electronic communications of their employees. There are important questions to consider when dealing with the topic of monitoring electronic communication. Examples include "mayan employer legally monitor electronic communications?" and "how does monitoring affect the employee's right to privacy?" This thesis is an attempt to answer these and other related questions by analysing, inter alia, South African legislation, the Constitution and case law, as well as comparing the law as it applies in the United Kingdom and the United States of America. The analysis and conclusion offered in this thesis aim to provide theoretical consideration to academics and practical application for employers that are faced with the reality of monitoring electronic communications.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Alle werkgewers sal waarskynlik die een of ander tyd met die monitering van elektroniese kommunikasie gekonfronteer word. Die snelle voortuitgang in tegnologie wat daarop gemik is om te help met die monitering van elektroniese kommunikasie, maak dit vir werkgewers makliker as ooit tevore om sodanige kommunikasies van hulle werknemers te monitor. Daar is egter belangrike vrae wat oorweeg moet word wanneer die onderwerp van monitering van elektroniese kommunikasie ter sprake kom. Voorbeelde hiervan is "mag 'n werknemer regtens elektroniese kommunikasies monitor?" en "hoe raak monitering die werknemer se reg tot privaatheid?" Hierdie tesis is 'n poging om hierdie en ander verwante vrae te beantwoord deur die ontleding van, onder andere, Suid-Afrikaanse wetgewing, die Grondwet en die reg soos deur hofuitsprake ontwikkel, sowel as vergelyking van die reg soos wat dit van toepassing is in die Verenigde Koninkryk en die Verenigde State van Amerika. Die ontleding en gevolgtrekking wat in hierdie tesis aangebied word, is gemik op die verskaffing van teoretiese oorweging aan akademici en praktiese toepassing vir werkgewers wat met die realiteit van die monitering van elektroniese kommunikasies gekonfronteer word.
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Els, Ronel. "Statutere regulering van surrogaatmoederskap : 'n kritiese ontleding van relevante oorwegings." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51921.
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Thesis (LLM)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of regulating surrogacy in the light of the existing legal position and the relevant moral aspects. It is now medically possible for one woman to bear a child, which is not genetically related to her, on behalf of another person. Currently the law makes no specific provision for the regulation of surrogate motherhood. The key problem in this regard is that the existing law is applicable to surrogate motherhood, inter alia because surrogacy is brought about by artificial insemination and because the intended parents can only acquire parental authority by way of adoption. The final recommendation is a Surrogacy Act for South Africa. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part is an analysis of the relevant moral and social aspects relating to surrogacy in order to justify the above-mentioned act morally. Commercial surrogacy, the genetic tie between parent and child, the differences between surrogacy and adoption, the question as to who is a parent and surrogacy for convenience are analysed. Despite all the arguments that can be made in favour of or against these moral issues in a vacuum, these arguments will be irrelevant in cases where the child is already born. In such a case the only relevant concern will be what is in the child's best interest. In the second part of the thesis the existing legal position is analysed. This includes an examination of the applicable legislation, the impact of the Constitution, the South African Law Commission's proposed bill on surrogate motherhood and the customary law. Although the relevant legislation does not specifically provide for surrogacy, it remains applicable. This is extremely problematic for the parties involved. The Bill of Rights is applicable to all law and binds the Legislature. Therefore the main principles of the Constitution will have to be embodied in the proposed regulatory Act. Although the Law Commission's proposed bill is a well formulated document, one shortcoming that has been identified is that it is not constitutionally justifiable. The customary law has several practices which are analogous to surrogacy. The right to culture, which is entrenched in the Constitution, has the effect that these practices cannot be outlawed. However, should it not be consistent with the Constitution, it can be held to be invalid. The conclusion which is reached is that surrogacy can be morally and constitutionally justifiable if it is regulated properly. It is therefore proposed that an Act be formulated to regulate these relevant issues. Such a proposed Act is included in part three of the thesis.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die moontlikheid om surrogaatmoederskap te reguleer as gevolg van die feit dat dit nou vir 'n vrou moontlik is om 'n kind, wat nie geneties aan haar verwant is nie, vir 'n ander te baar. Die reg maak nie spesifiek vir die regulering van surrogaatmoederskap voorsiening nie. Die kernprobleem in hierdie verband is dat die bestaande reg wel van toepassing daarop is, vanweë onder andere die feit dat surrogaatmoederskap teweeggebring word deur middel van kunsmatige bevrugting. Wetgewing wat kunsmatige bevrugting reguleer is gevolglik van toepassing, hoewel dit nie geskryf was met die oog op surrogaatmoederskap in die besonder nie. Die doel van die studie is gevolglik om te ondersoek hoe surrogaatmoederskap gereguleer kan word gegewe die bestaande regsposisie en relevante morele oorwegings. Die tesis kan in drie afdelings verdeel word. Die eerste bestaan uit 'n analise van die morele aspekte wat by surrogaatmoederskap ter sprake is. Dit is nodig om hierdie aangeleenthede te analiseer ten einde 'n voorgestelde wet moreel regverdigbaar te maak. Kommersiële surrogaatmoederskap, die genetiese band tussen ouer en kind, die verskille tussen surrogasie en aanneming, die vraag na die identiteit van die ouer en surrogaatmoederskap vir gerief word geanaliseer. Ten spyte van al die morele argumente wat gemaak kan word voordat 'n kind gebore is, is hierdie argumente van weinig belang waar die kind reeds gebore is. In so 'n geval is dit slegs die beste belang van die kind wat oorweeg moet word. Die bestaande regsposisie word in die tweede deel van die tesis ontleed. Dit sluit 'n ontleding van die relevante wetgewing, die oorweging van die impak van die Grondwet, 'n analise van die Suid-Afrikaanse Regskommissie se Voorgestelde Wetsontwerp op Surrogaatmoederskap en 'n evaluering van die inheemse reg in. Die gevolgtrekking wat gemaak word is dat die bestaande wetgewing nie uitdruklik vir surrogaatmoederskap voorsiening maak nie, maar wel daarop van toepassing kan wees. Dit veroorsaak verskeie probleme vir die betrokke partye. Die Grondwet het 'n drastiese impak op die regulering van surrogaatmoederskap en sal in ag geneem moet word indien 'n surrogaatmoederskapswet voorgestel word. Die Regskommissie se voorgestelde wetsontwerp is 'n goed geformuleerde dokument, maar moet aangepas word ten einde grondwetlik regverdigbaar te wees. Daar is verskeie gebruike in die inheemse reg wat analoog aan surrogaatmoederskap is. Die reg op kultuur, wat grondwetlik verskans is, het tot gevolg dat partye, op wie die inheemse reg van toepassing is, die reg het om hierdie gebruike na te volg. Indien die praktyke egter strydig met die Grondwet is, kan dit ongeldig verklaar word. Derdens word 'n wet voorgestelom surrogaatmoederskap te reguleer. Die gevolgtrekking waartoe gekom word, is dat surrogaatmoederskap moreel en grondwetlik regverdigbaar kan wees indien dit behoorlik gereguleer word.
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Baumann, Chiara Manina. "A legal and ethical analysis of the South African government’s response toward Zimbabwean immigrants." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4347.
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Thesis (MA (Political Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis is a study of the South African government‘s response toward Zimbabwean immigration, focusing on the period from 2000 to July 2009. The aim is to shed light on why the government has acted in the manner that it has, using a human security framework. South Africa‘s legal obligations under international, regional, and domestic law are investigated and the ethical debate concerning issues of entrance and borders is explored. Concepts of morality, universality, and human dignity are central to this discussion. Against this backdrop, the Zimbabwean migration is briefly analysed in terms of push and pull factors and numbers; and the legal debate concerning the classification of Zimbabweans is explored. The challenges Zimbabweans face in South Africa and how the government has dealt with the Zimbabwean immigration is covered. Key actors from civil society and government are interviewed in an attempt to engage opinions about the government‘s response. The main opinions as to why the government has responded in the manner it has are then discussed and other factors are considered. Issues of solidarity, land reform, and South Africa‘s involvement in the Zimbabwean mediation process are some of the factors considered. The conclusion of this study is that the South African government has not succeeded in meeting its legal obligations nor acted ethically concerning Zimbabwean immigrants. The particular sentiments of ex-president Thabo Mbeki, the solidarity amongst national liberation movements, regional considerations, and the capitalist interests of some South Africans are factors that carry the most weight in explaining the South African government‘s response to the Zimbabwean crisis and its subsequent migrants.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis is 'n studie van die Suid-Afrikaanse regering se reaksie op die immigrasie van Zimbabwiërs na Suid-Afrika, met die klem op die tydperk tussen 2000 en Julie 2009. Die doel is om lig te werp op die regering se optrede in dié tydperk aan die hand van 'n menslike veiligheidsnetwerk. Suid-Afrika se regsverpligtinge onder internasionale, streek- en plaaslike reg, sowel as die etiese debat rakende kwessies soos die binnekoms van immigrante en grense, word ondersoek. Konsepte van moraliteit, universaliteit en menslike waardigheid , staan sentraal tot hierdie bespreking. Teen hierdie agtergrond word die Zimbabwiese migrasie kortliks ontleed in terme van die stukrag-en-trefkrag faktore en getalle; en word die regsdebat oor die klassifisering van Zimbabwiërs onder die loep geneem. Die uitdagings wat Zimbabwiërs in Suid-Afrika in die gesig staar en hoe die regering Zimbabiese immigrasie hanteer het, word bekyk. Onderhoude is gevoer met sleutelspelers in die burgerlike samelewing en die regering in ‗n poging om agter die kap van die byl te kom met betrekking tot die regering se reaksie op Zimbabwiese immigrasie. Die belangrikste standpunte ten opsigte van die regering se optrede word dan bespreek in die lig van faktore soos solidariteit, grondhervorming, en Suid-Afrika se betrokkenheid by die Zimbabwiese mediasieproses. Die gevolgtrekking van hierdie studie is dat die Suid-Afrikaanse regering nie daarin geslaag het om sy regsverpligtinge na te kom nie, en nie eties korrek opgetree het nie met betrekking tot Zimbabwiese immigrante. Die sentimente van oudpres. Thabo Mbeki, die solidariteit onder die nasionale bevrydingsbewegings, en die kapitalistiese belange van sekere Suid-Afrikaners, is van die belangrikste faktore aan die hand waarvan die Suid-Afrikaanse regering se reaksie op die Zimbabwiese immigrasie-krisis verklaar word.
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Le, Roux-Kemp Andra. "A legal perspective on the power imbalances in the doctor-patient relationship." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1330.
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Thesis (LLD (Public Law))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The unique and intimate relationship that exists between a medical practitioner and his/her client is possibly one of the most important relationships that can come into being between any two people. This relationship is characterised and influenced by the qualities and attributes specific to the nature and historical development of medical care, as well as medical science in general. The doctor-patient relationship is also influenced by the social dynamics of a particular community, environmental factors, technological advances and the general social and commercial evolution of the human race. With regard to medical care and health service delivery, the doctor-patient relationship is furthermore vital to the quality of the care provided, as well as to the outcomes and relative success of the specific medical intervention or treatment. One of the distinct characteristics of the doctor-patient relationship is the power imbalance inherent in this relationship. The medical practitioner has expert knowledge and skill, while the patient finds himself or herself in an unusually dependent and vulnerable position. It is because of this important role that the doctor-patient relationship still plays in health service delivery today; the susceptibility of the relationship to a variety of influences, and the characteristic power imbalances inherent in this relationship, that a study of the doctor-patient relationship in South African medical- and health law is necessary. The characteristic power imbalances will be considered from a legal perspective in this dissertation. This study provides a comprehensive source of the doctor-patient relationship from a legal perspective. Where relevant, references are made to theories and principles from other disciplines, including sociology, economy and medical ethnomethodology. The prevalence and consequences of power imbalances in the doctor-patient relationship are identified and discussed with the aim of bringing these to the attention of both the legal fraternity, and medical practitioners. Specific problem areas are identified and solutions are offered, including the following: • The adverse consequences of power imbalances inherent in the doctor-patient relationship on the medical decision-making process are considered from various perspectives. With regard to these adverse consequences, the doctrine of informed consent is analysed and evaluated in great detail. • The influence of paternalistic notions in health service delivery; the business model of health service delivery and the effects of managed care and consumer-directed health care on the doctor-patient relationship and health service delivery in general are also analysed from a legal perspective, and specifically with regard to the power imbalances inherent in this relationship. • The role of autonomy, self-determination and dignity, as well as the principles of beneficence in medical practice, are reconsidered in an attempt to provide a solution for redressing the power imbalances inherent in the doctor-patient relationship. • The fiduciary nature of the doctor-patient relationship and the special role of trust in the relationship are emphasised throughout the dissertation as the focal point of departure in the doctor-patient relationship and the main constituent in any legal endeavor to redress the power imbalances inherent in it.
AFRIKAANS OPSOMMING: Die unieke en intieme verhouding wat bestaan tussen ‘n mediese praktisyn en ‘n pasiënt is wêreldwyd waarskynlik een van die belangrikste verhoudings wat tussen twee persone tot stand kan kom. Hierdie verhouding word gekenmerk en beïnvloed deur kwaliteite en eienskappe eie aan die besonderse aard en historiese ontwikkeling van gesondheidsorg, sowel as die mediese wetenskap in die algemeen. Die dokter-pasiënt verhouding word verder beïnvloed deur die sosiale dinamika van ‘n bepaalde gemeenskap, omgewingsfaktore, tegnologiese vooruitgang en die algemene sosiale en kommersiële ontwikkeling van die mensdom. Op die terrein van gesondheidsorg en mediese dienslewering is die dokter-pasiënt verhouding voorts ook sentraal tot die kwaliteit van die mediese sorg wat verskaf word, sowel as die uitkomste en relatiewe sukses van die spesifieke mediese behandeling. Een van die kenmerkende eienskappe van die dokter-pasiënt verhouding is die magswanbalans wat daar tussen dokter en pasiënt bestaan. Die mediese praktisyn beskik oor deskundige kennis en vaardighede, terwyl die pasiënt hom- of haarself in ‘n ongewone, afhanklike en kwesbare posisie bevind. Dit is dan veral weens die besondere rol wat hierdie verhouding steeds in hedendaagse gesondheidsorg speel, die beïnvloedbaarheid van hierdie verhouding deur ‘n verskeidenheid faktore, sowel as die kenmerkende magswanbalans inherent in die verhouding, dat ‘n ondersoek na die dokter-pasiënt verhouding in die Suid-Afrikaanse mediese reg noodsaaklik is. Hierdie kenmerkende magswanbalans sal vanuit ‘n regsperspektief verder in hierdie proefskrif ondersoek word. Hierdie studie bied ‘n omvattende bron van die dokter-pasiënt verhouding benader vanuit ‘n regsperspektief, terwyl verwysings na teorieë en beginsels van ander dissiplines soos die sosiologie, ekonomie en mediese etnometodologie ook waar nodig ingesluit word. Die voorkoms en gevolge van ‘n magswanbalans in die dokter-pasiënt verhouding word verder geïdentifiseer en bespreek ten einde dit onder die aandag te bring van beide regslui en medici. Spesifieke probleemareas wat geïdentifiseer is en die oplossings wat daarvoor aan die hand gedoen is sluit die volgende in: • Die nadelige gevolge van die bestaan van ‘n magswanbalans in die dokter-pasiënt verhouding op die mediese-besluitnemingsproses word bespreek vanuit verskillende persepktiewe. Met betrekking tot hierdie nadelige gevolge, word die leerstuk van ingeligte toestemming in besonder geanaliseer en geëvalueer. • Die invloed van ‘n paternalistiese benadering tot gesondheidsorg, die besigheids-model van gesondheidsorg, en die effek van bestuurde- en verbruikersgedrewe gesondheidsorg inisiatiewe op die dokter-pasiënt verhouding en die verskaffing van gesondheidsdienste in die algemeen word ook vanuit ‘n regsperspektief ge-analiseer. Spesifieke aandag word in dié verband gegee aan die invloede van hierdie benaderings en perspektiewe op die magswanbalans inherent aan die dokter-pasiënt verhouding. • Die besondere rol van autonomie, selfbeskikking en menswaardigheid, asook die beginsels van weldadigheid in gesondheidsorg, word heroorweeg in ‘n poging om ‘n meer gelyke distribusie van mag in die dokter-pasiënt verhouding te verseker. • Die fidusiêre aard van die dokter-pasiënt verhouding en die besondere rol wat vertroue in hierdie verhouding speel, word in hierdie proefskrif beklemtoon en word voorts as die basis van die dokter-pasiënt verhouding beskou. Vertroue, as ‘n kenmerk van die dokter-pasiënt verhouding, behoort ook die fokuspunt te wees van enige poging om die magswanbalans in die dokter-pasiënt verhouding aan te spreek.
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Brand, Robert Christian. "The King Commission live : an examination of the legal and ethical considerations involved in broadcasts of judicial proceedings." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52545.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The controversy around the broadcasting of court proceedings has reigned in the United States since the 1950s, reaching a peak with the trial of O.J. Simpson, widely interpreted as an example of the destructive effect of a "media circus" on the administration of justice. In many other U.S. courtrooms, however, television and radio journalists do their work unobtrusively, professionally and to the benefit of their viewers and listeners. The King Commission of Inquiry into allegations of match-fixing in cricket gave South Africa its first experience of television and radio coverage of judicial proceedings, and lay the basis for a more liberal approach to electronic coverage of courts. The Constitution protects freedom of expression, including the freedom to receive and impart information. This has been interpreted by the High Court as conferring on radio journalists the freedom to record and broadcast the King Commission's proceedings. It is argued in this study that the High Court's reasoning could be applied with equal force to television, and to coverage of the courts. It is suggested a trial period of electronic coverage of courts, under clear guidelines for journalists and legal practitioners, may provide greater clarity on the desirability of allowing electronic coverage of courts on a permanent basis.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die netelige vraagstuk rondom die uitsaai van hofverrigtinge het alreeds in the vyftigerjare van die vorige eeu in die Verenigde State ontstaan. Die vervolging van O.J. Simpson was 'n hoogtepunt in die debat. Dié saak word gereeld voorgehou as 'n voorbeeld van die nadelige effek wat 'n "mediasirkus" op die regsproses kan uitoefen. Maar in baie ander Amerikaanse howe doen radio- en televisiejoernaliste hulle werk sonder steurnis, professioneel, en ten voordeel van hul luisteraars and kykers. The Kingkommissie van Ondersoek na beweringe van oneerlikheid in krieket was Suid-Afrika se eerste ervaring van elektroniese dekking van 'n regterlike proses, and kan moontlik die basis vorm vir 'n meer liberale benadering tot elektroniese dekking van howe. Die Grondwet waarborg vryheid van uitdrukking, insluitende die vryheid om inligting uit te stuur en te ontvang. Die Hooggeregshof het onlangs beslis hierdie vryheid beteken radiojoernaliste mag die verrigtinge van die Kingkommissie opneem en uitsaai. In hierdie studie word geargumenteer dat die Hooggeregshof se beslissing ook van toepassing kan wees op televisie, en op hofverrigtinge. Daar word voor die hand gedoen dat Suid- Afrikaanse howe vir 'n proeftydperk elekroniese dekking van hofverrigtinge toelaat, met streng reëls vir joernaliste en regspraktisyns. So 'n proefneming kan dalk groter duidelikheid verskaf oor die voor- en nadele van televisie- en radiodekking van howe op 'n permanente basis.
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Harris, Philip Anthony. "The legal moral and the non-legal moral." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245645.
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Chiwandire, Desire. "Conscientious objection and South African medical practitioners' constructions of termination of pregnancy and emergency contraception." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017863.
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Aim: The 1996 Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act decriminalized abortion in South Africa and the South African Medicines Control Council in 2000 approved the dispensing of emergency contraceptive methods by pharmacists to women without a doctor's prescription. This legislation has been hailed as among the most progressive in the world with respect to women's reproductive justice. However the realisation of these rights in practice has not always met expectations in part due to medical practitioners' ethical objections to termination of pregnancy and the provision of related services. The aim of this study was to interpret the varying ways in which medical practitioners frame termination of pregnancy and emergency contraceptive services, their own professional identities and that of their patients/clients. Methods: Sample of 58 doctors and 59 pharmacists drawn from all nine provinces of South Africa. Data collected using an anonymous confidential internet-based self-administered questionnaire. Participants were randomly recruited from online listings of South African doctors and pharmacists practicing in both private and public sectors. Data were analysed using theoretically derived qualitative content analysis. Results: Participants drew on eight frames to justify their willingness or unwillingness to provide termination-of-pregnancy related services: the foetal life frame, the women's rights frame, the balancing frame, the social justice frame, the do no harm frame, the legal and professional obligation frame, the consequences frame and the moral absolutist frame. Conclusion: Health professionals' willingness or unwillingness to provide termination of pregnancy related services is highly dependent on how they frame or understand termination of pregnancy, and how they understand their own professional identities and those of their patients/clients.
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Khoshroo, Sajjad. "Islamic finance : the convergence of faith, capital, and power." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0ab321e8-0d54-40d6-a1ef-3a37a0a5ffe6.
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This dissertation assesses how Islamic finance fares as an example of 'civil compromise' in Islamic law. By focusing on the Islamic project finance sector, my research examines how the industry's main stakeholders (representing faith, capital, and power) cooperate and compete to bring about this compromise through the 'Game of Islamic Bank Bargains'. The Islamic finance industry is a work in progress, and while it has made some significant strides, it is still a niche in the global conventional financial order rather than an alternative to it. It has fallen short of fulfilling its originally-stated social justice aspirations, but has provided a previously unavailable form of banking and finance for Muslims to transact, at least formalistically, in accordance with widely-believed tenets of their faith. Thus, those who hold up Islamic finance as a universal panacea or dismiss it outright as a fraud have both got it wrong. It is neither. It is, rather, a complex myriad of incentives and aspirations of a multitude of stakeholders muddled together across numerous geographies and evolving incrementally and constantly. The state of the industry is the result of how the stakeholders (the shariah scholars, lawyers, bankers, government officials, and customers) have pursued their self-interest in the Game of Islamic Bank Bargains. My research examines who are the 'winners' and 'losers' of this game, and what religious, commercial, and political factors have influenced this outcome. I assess what may incentivise the incumbent 'winners' to guide the Islamic finance industry away from a formal and legalistic approach towards one that also incorporates principles from Islamic economics. I explore how the 'losers' - whose interests are not accounted for due to their lack of sufficient financial and political clout - can sway the outcome of the game in their favour.
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Savchenko, Н. "MORAL ASPECTS OF SUICIDE." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2015. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/15343.
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Кметик, Христина Володимирівна. "LEGAL ASPECTS OF MERCHANDISING." Thesis, НАУ, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/25314.
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FERNANDES, RITA DE CASSIA CALDEIRAS VILAS. "MORAL RESPONSIBILITY AND LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY: CHOICE OR LEVY?" PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=28306@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
O presente estudo visa oferecer uma reflexão originária sobre responsabilidade moral e responsabilidade legal. A responsabilidade moral será baseada no tomismo, especificamente na Doutrina do Duplo Efeito. Quanto à responsabilidade legal, abordaremos a moralidade do direito em Lon Fuller. No capítulo primeiro estudaremos a Doutrina do Duplo Efeito, também chamada de Teoria do Duplo Efeito, que tem as suas raízes na filosofia moral tomista, estudando as condições em que uma ação com bons e maus resultados é moralmente permissível. No segundo capítulo, estudaremos sobre o direito e sua moralidade, onde iremos tomar como base o conceito de direito natural segundo Lon Fuller. Verificaremos que Fuller considera que a qualidade do direito dependerá de sua moralidade interna. Por fim, no terceiro capítulo, baseada na obra de Lon Fuller: O caso dos exploradores de cavernas, traremos a resenha da obra e, traremos uma análise do livro sob o ponto de vista da DDE e sob o ponto de vista do Direito Penal brasileiro. Concluiremos este estudo falando sobre a escolha e sua responsabilidade moral e a responsabilidade legal e a imposição da lei.
The present study aims to offer a reflection on moral responsibility and legal responsibility. Moral responsibility will be based on thomism, specifically in Doctrine of double effect. With regard to legal responsibility, we will discuss the morality of law in Lon Fuller. In the first chapter we will study the Doctrine of double effect, also known as Theory of double effect, which has its roots in thomistic moral philosophy, by studying the conditions under which an action with good and bad results is morally permissible. In the second chapter, we will study about law and its morality, where we will take as basis for the concept of natural law according to Lon Fuller. We will notice that Fuller considers that the quality of law will depend on its internal morality. Finally, in the third chapter, based on the work of Lon Fuller: The case of the exploiters of cave, we will introduce a summary of the work and an analysis of the book under the Doctrine of double effect s point of view and criminal law Brazilian s either. We will complete this study speaking of the choice and its moral responsibility and the legal responsibility and the levy of law.
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Baldock, Geoffrey Clive. "Some legal aspects of an." University of Western Australia. Law School, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0119.
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[Truncated abstract] “Open Skies” is the term given to a relatively recent (1992) policy initiative of the United States in its pursuit of the deregulation of international air transportation. It represents the latest in a long line of similar initiatives which the U.S. has been pursuing almost since the inception of the aviation industry. Essentially “Open Skies” is little more than a specific type of bilateral aviation agreement between two nations (and often between more than two nations) which typically provides for open entry on routes, unrestricted capacity and frequency on routes, and unrestricted air traffic rights. The significance of Open Skies agreements is that they appear to encapsulate general world-wide trends towards open economies characterised by a minimum of government interference and a maximum reliance on market forces to allocate scarce resources ... Australia however is not one of the nations seeking to become a party to such an agreement with the U.S. despite attempts by that nation to persuade Australia to do so and the question is: Can or should Australia resist attempts by the United States to bring it within the expanding umbrella of Open Skies, or are there other practical alternatives open to Australia? After examining the history of the development of Open Skies agreements and their international legal foundation, this thesis argues that there are strong considerations of policy and economics why Australia should embrace Open Skies initially at least on a regional basis centred in the Asia Pacific region, rather than with the United States. Implicit in that proposal is the fact that in terms of its constitutional and legal system, Australia has the legal capacity to enter into Open Skies agreements. The parties to such a regional Open Skies agreement might at a later date choose to enter into a multilateral Open Skies agreement with the United States, if economic and political conditions are suitable for them to do so. On the assumption that a form of Open Skies policy will eventually be adopted by Australia this thesis examines the constitutional and domestic legal regulatory framework for aviation within Australia, and the changes if any which would be required to it, if Australia was to embrace such a policy.
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Correia, Rose Mary. "Legal aspects of multimodal telecommunications." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23309.
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The telecommunications industry is being shaped by technological and market developments, and is moving into the 21st Century. The telecommunications technology of the future is integrated services digital networks. ISDN, which is the concept for a future digital telecommunications network for delivery of a wide range of innovative voice, data and video services through satellite systems and the national information highways being developed in several countries, will lead to a Global Information Infrastructure. ISDN development will pose challenges to traditional telecommunications regulation, lead to increased multimodal competition between ground and space-based transmission systems, and erode INTELSAT's market base since future digital ISDN systems will be interchangeable with satellite systems.This study begins in Chapter I with an examination of the emerging technologies and recent market trends which challenge traditional regulation, as well as the importance of upholding regulation in the emerging ISDN telecommunications environment. Chapter II discusses the recent market developments in Canada, the legal implications of emerging technologies for the current regulatory regime, and the need for comprehensive policy and regulation. Chapter III discusses the role of satellites in the emerging global ISDN environment, the mandate of INTELSAT in terms of spectrum/orbit resource management, the regulation of multimodal telecommunications under the INTELSAT Agreement, the challenges to INTELSAT represented by ISDN development, the role of the ITU in the regulation of the emerging global ISDN environment, and the future of INTELSAT in light of competition, technological progress, and regulatory trends. This is followed by a conclusion in Chapter IV.
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Gratjios, George A. "Airport noise pollution legal aspects." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59857.
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This dissertation broadly explores the problems of aircraft noise in the vicinity of major airports.Part 1 defines the technical terms of noise and sonic boom and discusses their harmful effects on airport neighbours and their environment.
Part 2 reviews international legal regulations, commencing with the conference convened by the British Government in 1966, and ending with the ICAO Council proposals to be addressed at the 28th (Extraordinary) Session of the Assembly, in October 1990. Further, ICAO efforts in balancing the conflicting interests between developed and developing countries is highlighted, and the legal status of Annex 16 on Environmental Protection is discussed in some detail.
Part 3 examines national legislation relating to aircraft noise with an emphasis on the approach of the United States.
Part 4 canvasses liability issues through an analysis of the jurisprudence in various countries with a concentration on litigation in the United States. Of particular relevance is the applicability of the 1952 Rome Convention with respect to damages caused by noise and sonic boom.
Part 5 examines and evaluates proposed and already implemented solutions to the airport noise problem.
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Oditah, Fidelis H. I. "Legal aspects of receivables financing." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385576.
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Antoine, Rose-Marie Belle. "Legal aspects of offshore finance." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310194.
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Brodie, James Douglas. "Legal aspects of collective agreements." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19442.
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This study has a number of aims. It is intended to explore the historical development of the law relating to collective agreements. At the same time this will be set against the general development of British Labour Law. The current law of collective agreements will be critically evaluated. The study then moves on to take a brief look at the position in the US and Canada. Finally, the issue of future developments is raised and the implications reforms would have for adjudication are discussed. The industrial relations background is also raised and the question of whether legal enforcement between the collective parties is now a realistic option analysed.
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Leloudas, Georgios. "Legal aspects of aviation risk management." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80937.
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The thesis in the first part examines the notion of risk and describes the process of risk management with emphasis on the identification of emerging threats to civil aviation and on the adoption of new risk handling techniques.In the second part, the role of law into the airlines' management regime is examined especially in the light of two prima facie conflicting trends: liberalization of market access and increased State involvement in war risk, safety and security issues. Furthermore, the contractual and tortious/delictual exposures of airlines are being scrutinized and the ways to handle them are being analyzed.
The main objectives are (i) to demonstrate that risk management is not restricted to insurance, but involves a number of techniques and procedures that have the potential not only to minimize risk but also to turn risk into opportunity and value and (ii) to identify the role of law as a management tool in the oncoming liberalized aviation environment.
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Mugarra, Leire. "Legal aspects of commercial space transportation." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112607.
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The commercial space transportation industry is growing with the technology that creates more capable spacecrafts to access space. However, there are still some academic discussions related to the delimitation of the outer space and the definition of space objects that could interfere with the regulation of this growing space activity. Because these discussions are not predicted to be solved soon, the developing space policies must attempt to clarify these issues between the parts avoiding the retard in the development of the industry. Moreover, these policies have to promote public-private partnerships and the emersion of private entrepreneurs for a faster development of a safe, reliable, and affordable commercial space transportation.
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Parke, Michael Ronald. "Legal aspects of trade in medicines." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253785.
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Ляшенко, Ірина Володимирівна, Ирина Владимировна Ляшенко, Iryna Volodymyrivna Liashenko, and A. V. Voitovych. "Disclosure of beneficial ownership: Legal aspects." Thesis, Міжнародний центр наукових досліджень, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/72437.
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One of the important aspects in fighting the corruption in Ukraine is the disclosure of the final beneficiaries
in the legal entities. According to last changes in the Ukrainian legislation on disclosure information on final
beneficiaries - this changes are approved to fight the corruption in Ukraine and to avoid all the corruption
methods of tax avoidance in the legal entities that are established in Ukraine or abroad in the offshore zones.
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Korčeková, Andrea. "Product placement and its legal aspects." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17010.
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The thesis deals with analysis of legal aspects of product placement. First, it looks at product placement from a general point of view. The work explains past legal framework where product placement was a part of "unfair competition" both in EU and Czech Republic. Then, it analyzes particular articles of directive 2007/65/EC which regulates the term product placement as the first in the history. The analyses showed that there are a lot of vague and disputable terms, e. g. "significant value", provision "free of charge", or ensuring that viewers are "clearly informed" about existence of product placement. Further, the work analyzes an implementation of the directive to the czech law and its comparison with Slovakia. Product placement was translated into czech law as "umístění produktu". The implementation is reflected in the "on-demand audiovisual media services Act" but also in the amendment of Act Nr. 231/2001 Sb. By contrast, Slovakia did not create a new special Act for non-linear audiovisual media services, just amended Act Nr. 308/2000 Z.z. and some other affecting laws. Finally, the work confronts the legal theory with praxis. This is done by a survey. The most important result of the survey showed that almost a half of the respondents think that product placement is not a commercial practice. This fact highlights the importance of ensuring that viewers are "clearly informed" about the existence of product placement and also the provision of consumer protection.
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Nichols, Kenneth Nolan. "Technical-legal aspects of software patents." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1249.
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Holt, M. "Practical and moral aspects of curriculum change." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372573.
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Moran, Thomas. "Moral development and moral action : a study of youthful offenders." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29027.
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This study was designed to explore possible relations between moral maturity and moral action by evaluating groups of delinquent and non-delinquent youth, and examining their relative position on multiple measures of moral maturity and criminality. Subjects were 60 male adjudicated juvenile offenders between the ages of 14 and 17, and 20 non-delinquent controls. All youth participated in a series of structured interviews used as a way of assessing their abilities on Kohlberg's moral reasoning, Turiel's social convention understanding, and Selman's social perspective taking measures, and were administered Hogan's socialization, empathy, and autonomy scales. The delinquent youth were assigned immorality ratings and further classified according to legal categories. Ratings for Hare's Psychopathy Checklist were obtained from primary therapists for the delinquents and from school counsellors for the non-delinquent comparison group.
The results revealed that as a group, delinquent subjects showed substantial developmental delays in their performances on measures of moral reasoning, social convention understanding, interpersonal awareness and indices of socialization and autonomy. Hogan's empathy measure also showed a trend in the same direction. The majority of the delinquent youth were found to score at a preconventional-concrete reasoning level and showed a general lack of social-moral character. Tests of communality among the six moral maturity measures produced distinct and internally consistent cognitive reasoning (i.e., moral reasoning, interpersonal awareness, and social convention understanding) and moral character (i.e., socialization, empathy, and autonomy) clusters which lend support to the claims of Brown, Harre, and Hogan regarding the multidimensionality of moral development. There was an expected inverse relationship between immorality and moral maturity for the low and moderate seriousness groups, and an inconsistent pattern for the high group. This later finding was interpreted as an artifact of the fact that those delinquents whose criminal acts were judged most immoral were particularly guilty of various sexual offenses.
The psychometric properties of the Psychopathy Checklist confirm its usefulness with adolescent populations. Three internally consistent factor scales emerged (i.e., motivational deficit, lack of ego strength, and behavioral deviation). While psychopathy was found to significantly correlate with immorality ratings, an unexpected positive relationship was also found between psychopathy and moral reasoning for the sex offender group.
Taken together, all of these results were interpreted in terms of Heider's theory of the psychology of action, which views behavior, in this case moral behavior, as a combination of "can" (i.e., moral reasoning competency) and "try" (i.e., moral character).Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
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Macpherson, James A. E. "A Theory of Collective Intentions, with Moral and Legal Applications." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1259870965.
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Яковчук, Роман Святославович, and A. M. Kazybrid. "Normative legal aspects of legal work, as part of civil defense development." Thesis, Правозахисна та правоохоронна діяльність: європейський досвід та українські реалії. Legal and law enforcement activity: European experience and Ukrainian reality: тези доповідей та повідомлень здобувачів вищої освіти (іноземними мовами) / за заг. ред. канд. філол. наук, доц. І. Ю. Сковронської. – Львів: ЛьвДУВС, 2017. – С. 49-51, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3775.
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Yie, Andoh Ernest Nyame. "THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF LEGAL EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF GHANA." Thesis, Сучасна правова освіта: [матеріали VIІ Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції, Київ, Національний авіаційний університет, 23 лютого 2018 р.]. – Тернопіль: «Вектор», 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/32828.
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Bolivar, Robin L. "There is here, moral, if not legal evidence, moral immorality and the legal system in The moonstone, The woman in white, and Lady Audley's secret." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0026/MQ36397.pdf.
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Bissonnette, Marc. "Legal aspects of foreign investment in Québec." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61264.
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Recent years have witnessed a growing concern among foreign investors about the laws and policies concerning foreign investment in Quebec and Canada. This thesis focuses on the laws that affect non Canadians doing business in Canada and Quebec.The introduction deals with the history of the policies concerning foreign ownership in Quebec and Canada. Section two analyzes the juridical personality of foreigners. Thereafter, this thesis will study the different implications for aliens acquiring moveables or immoveables in Quebec. This writer will analyze the legislative provisions and policies concerning foreign investment that are enacted by the federal government and the provincial government. A survey of the extraterritoriality of Antitrust laws and the international approach of settling the problems of confiscation, expropriation and nationalization follows. This thesis will briefly examine the Provincial legislation in immigration. Finally, the conclusion attempts to offer an alternative to the solutions arrived at by the federal and the provincial government of Quebec. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Rosales, Rex Kenneth. "Legal aspects of asset based aircraft financing." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59970.
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For airlines, one of the most significant challenges in the 1990's will be to finance the enormous fleet replacement and expansion activities they have undertaken. Because airline earnings tend to by cyclical and industry returns on capital investment have traditionally been poor, lenders have come to rely increasingly on asset based methods to finance aircraft acquisitions.On account of the prevalence of asset based financing, the underlying legal structures must be able to reassure the lender, to a reasonable extent, that its interests in the aircraft will be protected and recognized.
In Canada, the legal structures for taking security on aircraft are complex, as such interests are governed by the diverse provincial laws regarding security on moveable property generally. Moreover, rights in aircraft are not registered in one central location, but must be filed in accordance with the legislation of each province where the aircraft is likely to be used.
The establishment of a central registry for security interests in aircraft would assuredly contribute to the future development of Canadian civil aviation. It would do away with multiple provincial registration of rights in aircraft and thereby add a considerable measure of certainty in the field of asset based aircraft financing.
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Fiallos, Pazmiño Luis Fernando. "Legal aspects of launching and operating spacecraft." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80919.
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Over the last years, the number of commercial space activities has increased tremendously. Technological developments have been the main reason in the emerging of new services that use space infrastructure. In order to provide these new space services, it is necessary to launch and operate spacecraft.Complying with the laws and regulations of the launching and operating activities is one of the most relevant issues that prospective spacecraft operators may face in this complex industry.
This work compiles the legal sources to effectively launch and operate spacecraft destined for commercial space applications. Its goal is to identify common constraints that operators may find in the process of licensing and acquiring orbits or radio frequencies and the national/international legal principles, which govern spacecraft operations.
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Correia, e. Silva Benilde. "Some legal aspects of flight information regions." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59573.
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This thesis broadly seeks to present some relevant legal aspects concerning Flight Information Regions (FIRs) and to analyze State responsibility vis-a-vis FIRs, as well as liability incurred by States on account of acts and omissions while discharging their responsibilities.The first part of this thesis is a presentation of the international rules and regulations applicable to FIRs, their legal implications and the extent to which they create obligations for States.
Some relevant problems (accidents, airspace congestion, unlawful interference) likely to present an additional challenge for the discharge of responsibilities with regard to FIRs are also considered.
Settlement of differences between States deserves special attention and is discussed in the light of the judicial machinery provided under the Chicago Convention 1944.
Finally, the liability of States is analyzed and the need for a strict liability regime and a policy of risk management is considered.
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Stoffel, Wilhelm. "Legal aspects of aeronautical mobile satellite services." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56634.
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This thesis deals with the technical and legal aspects arising out of the envisaged implementation of Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Services (AMSS) for civil aviation purposes, such as communication, navigation and surveillance.After a short introduction to the subject, Part A of this thesis will deal with the technical side of the subject and will introduce the reader to the current CNS/ATM-concept and its deficiencies (Chapter 1), and to the future CNS/ATM-concept and its benefits (Chapter 2).
Part B will discuss the legal aspects of the implementation of AMSS for civil aviation purposes. Starting from the legal aspects of AMSS with respect ot the law of outer space (Chapter 3), it will explain the current regime of telecommunications developed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and its impact on AMSS (Chapter 4). Then, the legal aspects of AMSS with respect to international public air law (Chapter 5) will be examined and some predominant issues with respect to the appropriate institutional framework to implement AMSS will be discussed (Chapter 6). Finally, the findings will be summarized in a conclusion.
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Shyian, Yu V. "Theoretical-legal aspects of state’s informational policy." Thesis, Прінт-копі-центр "Вектор", 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/45702.
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Today, Ukraine is making the transition from industrial to information society. Unfortunately, at the present stage no law has been adopted that would define the concept of state information policy of Ukraine.
Accordingly, there is no single plan, single state position or strategy for the development of the information industry in the country. At the same time, it belongs to the strategic interests of any country and needs
special attention, so today the study of the information policy of the state is relevant.
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Водоласкова, Катерина Юріївна. "Рhilosophical and legal aspects of environmental responsibility." Thesis, Тернопіль: Вектор, 2020. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/41888.
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The rules governing modern social relations in the field of aviation safety in the aviation sector are contained in the normative legal acts of different branches of legislation, and, accordingly, it allows to state about the formation of a comprehensive inter-branch institute of environmental safety in aviation. Therefore, legal aspects of environmental responsibility of aviation are being considered by multidisciplinary approach.Норми, що регулюють сучасні суспільні відносини у сфері авіаційної безпеки, містяться в нормативно-правових актах різних галузей законодавства, що, відповідно дозволяє констатувати формування всебічного міжгалузевого інституту екологічної безпеки в авіації. Тому правові аспекти екологічної відповідальності в сфері авіації розглядаються з використанням мультидисциплінарного підходу.
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Makeiev, A. O. "Theoretical-legal aspects of aviation transportation organization." Thesis, Makeiev A. O. Theoretical-legal aspects of aviation transportation organization / A. O. Makeiev // Молодіжний науковий юридичний форум: [матеріали ІІ Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції до Дня науки, м. Київ, 16-17 травня 2019 р.]. – Тернопіль: Вектор, 2019. – С. 94–96, 2019. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/38830.
Full textAbstract:
Air transportation occupies one of the leading places in the market for passenger and luggage transportation service. For Ukraine, air transportation provides the output of Ukrainian manufacturers to world markets, as a
significant part of the population chooses air transport to move around the world. Exploitation of air transport forms the basis of the transport system of Ukraine and covers all spheres of public life in the state, and thus it contributes to the implementation of national interests in air transportation. In Ukraine, much effort is being made to comply with international standards in this area by signing the main international agreements regulating the carriage of goods and passengers by air.
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Водоласкова, Катерина Юріївна. "SPIRITUAL ASPECTS OF MODERN LEGAL HIGHER EDUCATION." Thesis, Сучасна правова освіта: [матеріали VIІ Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції, Київ, Національний авіаційний університет, 23 лютого 2018 р.]. – Тернопіль: «Вектор», 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/32693.
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Pinheiro, Walla Alice. "The concept of happiness in Kant's moral, legal and political philosophy." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3547.
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This doctoral thesis analyzes the systematic role of Kant's conception of happiness in his moral, legal and political theory. Although many of his conclusions and arguments are directly or indirectly influenced by his conception of human happiness, Kant's underlying assumptions are rarely overtly discussed or given much detail in his works. Kant also provides different and apparently incompatible definitions of happiness. This research explores the domains of Kant's practical philosophy in which his conception of happiness plays a systematic role: the relation between the natural need of human beings to pursue happiness and the ends-oriented structure of the human will; Kant's anti-eudaimonism in ethical theory; Kant's claim that we have an indirect duty to promote our own happiness and the problem that under certain circumstances, the indeterminacy of happiness makes it not irrational to choose short term satisfaction at the costs of one's overall, long term happiness, given Kant's conception of non-moral choice as expectation of pleasure; Kant's justification of the duty to adopt the happiness of others as our ends (the duty of beneficence) and the latitude and eventual demandingness of this duty; finally, since Kant also subsumes subsistence needs and welfare under the concept of happiness of individuals, I also engage with the question of state provision for the poor in the Kantian Rechtsstaat and explore Kant's conception of equity or fairness (Billigkeit) as an alternative to the traditional minimalist and the welfare interpretations of the Kantian state.
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Veitch, T. Scott. "Moral conflict and legal reasoning : contradictions between liberalism and liberal legalism." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21585.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis explores the significance of moral conflict for an understanding of the role of law and legal reasoning in contemporary society. In doing so it suggests that there are contradictions between liberalism, in a version drawn from the work of Isaiah Berlin, and liberal legalism. The thesis looks at recent critiques of liberal theory, and centrally on that provided by Alasdair MacIntyre, to help understand the significance of moral conflict in contemporary society. It then explores how a liberal understanding of moral conflict ought to view current structures of law and legal reasoning. It is here that key contradictions emerge. In focusing on both the internal justificatory practices of liberal legalism, and on those practices understood from an external point of view, the thesis draws out incompatibilities between such practices and the liberal theory here expressed. It concludes that the vested institutional power of the legal system ought to be challenged if the concerns and aspirations of such a theory are to be taken seriously.