Academic literature on the topic 'Monuments – Political aspects – Estonia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Monuments – Political aspects – Estonia"
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Mezhevich, Nikolai, and Petr Oskolkov. "Presidential elections in Estonia: domestic political aspects." Analytical papers of the Institute of Europe RAS 3 (2021): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/analytics32420213237.
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On August 31, 2021, Alar Karis, with support of the governing coalition, won the second round of presidential elections in Estonia. The authors analyze the elections in the framework of institutional and procedural contexts as well as formal and informal stances taken by political parties on the event’s eve. A. Karis became the most appropriate candidate proposed by the ruling coalition, after gaining certain advantage over another “intelligent” candidate T. Soomere, president of the Academy of Sciences. The institute of presidency and election procedure form a subject for permanent discussion in Estonian society, because of the authoritarian experience of the 1930s.
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Konsa, Kurmo. "DEVELOPMENTS IN APPROACHES TO HERITAGE IN ESTONIA: MONUMENTS, VALUES, AND PEOPLE." Baltic Journal of Art History 18 (December 30, 2019): 181–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/bjah.2019.18.05.
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The purpose of this article is to look at the ways in which heritage isapproached, based on the conceptual framework of critical inheritanceresearch. In case of approaches to inheritance, I distinguish betweenobject-based, value-based, and people-centered approaches –depending on which aspects of the heritage are at the heart of theinheritance management process. I use different case studies fromthe Estonian context as examples. I am particularly interested in thechanges in heritage management in the time frame of the 1970s and1980s to the present day.In order to describe object-based heritage management, I willuse Kalvi Aluve’s book “The story about architectural monuments”(1983). It is a popular work targeted for the general public, which iswhy many of the views and concepts that are obviously used on adaily basis by those involved in the matter and have often becomean invisible part of the work culture, are explained in detail anddefined. Value-based inheritance management sets at the heart ofheritage the values attributed to heritage by the various stakeholdersin society. While in object-based heritage management people act asgroups against the backdrop of monuments, this approach shifts thevalues that people attach to heritage objects and heritage phenomenato the forefront.
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Brüggemann, Karsten, and Andres Kasekamp. "The Politics of History and the “War of Monuments” in Estonia." Nationalities Papers 36, no. 3 (July 2008): 425–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990802080646.
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After darkness fell over the provincial town of Lihula on 2 September 2004, youths pelted riot police with stones. Nothing like this had ever happened before in the peaceful and orderly small Baltic State of Estonia. The police were protecting a crane and its driver sent by the Ministry of the Interior to remove a monument honouring those Estonians who fought on the German side against the Red Army during the Second World War. In the evening of 26 April 2007 demonstrators in Tallinn pelted riot police with stones and went on a rampage of smashing windows and looting. The Estonian capital had never experienced anything like this. The police were protecting the site of a monument honouring Soviet soldiers who had fought against Nazi Germany. At night, when the rioting had ceased, a crane ordered by the Ministry of Defence removed the monument.
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Vihalemm, Peeter. "Media Use in Estonia." Nordicom Review 27, no. 1 (February 1, 2006): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0216.
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Abstract The article gives an overview of general trends in media use in Estonia over the last 15 years, making some comparisons with Nordic countries. Since the beginning of postcommunist transformation in 1991, the media landscape in Estonia has faced substantial changes. A completely renewed media system has emerged, characterized by a diversity of channels, formats, and contents. Not only the media themselves, but also the patterns of media use among audiences, their habits and expectations, have gone through a process of radical change. Changes in the Estonian media landscape have some aspects in common with many other European countries, such as the impact of emerging new media and global TV; others are specific features of transition to a market economy and democratic political order. Besides discussing general trends, the article gives insights into some audience- related aspects of changes, more specifically age and ethnicity.
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Raun, Toivo U. "Estonia after 1991." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 23, no. 4 (August 12, 2009): 526–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325409342113.
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The past two decades have witnessed a reassessment and broadening of conceptions of identity among both the ethnic Estonian and Russian populations in Estonia. In addition to a continuing focus on aspects of national distinctiveness, emphasizing their small numbers, language, culture, territorial homeland, and—as a new factor—the state, the Estonians have increasingly engaged with a wider range of identities (local, regional, and European). Among these, the regional level has been the most productive, enhancing Estonia’s already strong ties to Finland but also fostering closer connections to its other Nordic and Baltic neighbors. Although integration into NATO and integration into the European Union continue to receive strong approval, a European identity is still in the process of formation. For the Russian community, the fall of communism led to a full reevaluation of the bases of its identity. The major trend has seen a shift from a political consciousness (loyalty to the Soviet Union) to a greater emphasis on the Russian language and ethnicity. In spite of the general peacefulness of ethnic relations, any meaningful integration of the two major nationalities in Estonia remains incomplete, as graphically demonstrated in the Bronze Soldier affair in April 2007. Russians, especially younger ones, increasingly know the Estonian language, but views of history, especially regarding World War II, and attitudes toward Russia still differ markedly between the Estonian and Russian populations. The process of integration is further complicated by the neighboring and still powerful kin-state of the local Russian population.
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Lilleholt, Kåre, and Urmas Volens. "Consumer Insolvency Law in Estonia and Norway: Comparative Aspects." European Review of Private Law 24, Issue 5 (October 1, 2016): 759–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/erpl2016045.
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The authors examine and compare the rules on consumer insolvency in Estonia and Norway. Under Estonian law, consumers may obtain debt adjustments under the 2003 Bankruptcy Act (in the form of a debt release) or under the 2010 Debt Restructuring and Debt Protection Act (in the form of debt restructuring). These two acts apply to both entrepreneurs and consumers. In Norway, a Debt Settlement Act was introduced in 1992, allowing for debt settlements for consumers. Debt adjustment under general insolvency legislation is not regarded as a viable option for consumers in Norway, it being a rather costly and cumbersome procedure. In Norway, each municipality is obliged to offer debt counselling services to consumers, while in Estonia, debt counselling services are available through non-governmental organization (NGOs) and through some municipalities on a voluntary basis. The number of instituted proceedings for debt settlements (Norway) and for debt restructuring (Estonia) are relatively low: in 2014, the numbers stood at 57 per 100 000 inhabitants in Norway and 2 per 100 000 inhabitants in Estonia. The difference between the two countries may to some extent be explained by differences in legislation and in organization of debt counselling, but the authors conclude that the explanation must probably be found also in cultural, sociological and political factors.
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Megem, Maxim. "Decoding Symbolic Space: the “Monumental Fall” in the Baltic States." ISTORIYA 13, no. 12-1 (122) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840021796-4.
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The article cosiders the phenomenon of the "monument fall" in Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia and outlines the main stages of this process as well as the key factors that have intensified the dismantling of Soviet memorial heritage and contributed to the spread of vandalism against it. The "monument fall" began in the first half of the 1990s when, in the absence of a legislative framework providing protection and legal status for memorial objects, numerous acts of vandalism and isolated cases of demolition of monuments by official decision were carried out in the Baltic States. The second wave of demolition actions (from 2014) took place in different circumstances, when memorial legislation was already in place (from the second half of the 1990s), the international cooperation between Russia and the Baltic states regarding the protection of Soviet memorials could be seen, and on the domestic political level Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia supervised the condition of the monuments. Like the previous one, the third wave (from 2022) was related to the aggravation of international relations against the background of the Russian-Ukrainian crisis, and here the particular feature was the change in legislation by the Baltic states authorities with a general vector towards stripping Soviet memorials of their special status and legalising their dismantling. At the same time, the "monument fall" in the Baltic states poses something of a paradox: the cleansing of the collective memory of Latvians, Lithuanians and Estonians from the Soviet presence, aimed among other things at consolidating these peoples, is accompanied by the destruction of memory of their representatives, who in one way or another were identified with the Soviet presence in Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia.
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O'Bright, Ben. "Child Soldiery in the Information Age." Allons-y: Journal of Children, Peace and Security 2 (March 27, 2020): 52–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/allons-y.v2i0.10051.
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In 2007, Estonia was the victim of a significant, coordinated cyberattack, which crippled government communications, newspaper websites, banks and other connected entities in Europe’s most Internet-saturated country. At the time, leading theories suggested that Russia, or at the very least elements of its intelligence community, might be somehow involved, spurred by the physical symbolism of Estonia removing Soviet-era monuments from city squares and public spaces (Davis, 2007). Indeed, in an attempt to visibly remove its history of engagement as part of the Soviet Union, Estonian authorities and political figures had become determined to demolish and destroy remaining statues erected pre-1990. Two years after the cyberattack, an event that Wired Magazine colloquially termed “Web War One,” further details of the unexpected perpetrators would begin to emerge. According to reports by the Financial Times and Reuters, Nashi, a pro-Kremlin youth group with an estimated membership of 150,000, claimed responsibility for the digital assault against Estonia; they described to authorities a strategy of repeated denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, (Clover, 2009; Lowe, 2009). Nashi members, based on different sources, range between the ages of 17 and 25 (Knight, 2007).
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Baindurashvili, Khatuna. "Political, Social and Religious Aspects of Georgian-Persian Diplomacy." Grani 23, no. 8 (October 20, 2020): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/172079.
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Article was prepared within the scopes of grant funded by Shota Rustaveli National Scientific Fund of Georgia (FR 17-554 Documentary Sources (Deeds, Epigraphic Inscriptions, Colophons) in the First half of 17th c. (1600-1662) about the Kings of Kartli and Kakheti (research and publication of sources). For thorough study of Iran-Georgian relationships in 16th – 17th centuries research of Georgian-Persian historical documents is of particular interest. These historical documents provide valuable data about social, administrative and state institutes in Georgia.Georgian-Persian historical documents describe dynamically the political, social and religious processes that have taken place in Eastern Georgia due to intervention of Safavid Iran in 16th-17th centuries. Studying of the separate segments of diplomatic monuments – interrelations between Georgian and Persian texts provide precise illustration of Georgian reality and specific nature of political, social and religious relations between Iran and Georgia.Research of Georgian-Persian bilingual deeds clearly shows attempts of Iran to intervene into Georgian landholding system and its substitution with Iranian-Moslem one; Invocation of Georgian kings and the legends on their Persian seals clearly demonstrate the political and religious influence to which they were subjected as a result of Safavid censorship. Based on all these, we can imagine specific nature of operation of Georgian secretariat-chancellery, see the movement of the documents from their composition to their entry into legal force and the term of their effectiveness.Studying of the seals on Persian and Georgian texts of diplomatic monuments allowed identification of important chancellery officials participating in issuance of Georgian-Persian documents, as well as in their consideration and approval.Georgian texts of bilingual documents, with their contents and structure, were entirely based on Georgian traditions of paperwork while the Persian texts complied with Iranian requirements. Iranian diplomatic formulas were adapted to Georgian reality.Georgian-Persian historical deeds provide unbiased description of severe reality resulting from religious and political power of Iran in Eastern Georgia; and Georgians had to fight for maintaining their state, national and religious identity.
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Kuddo, Arvo. "Determinants of Demographic Change in Transition Estonia." Nationalities Papers 25, no. 4 (December 1997): 625–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999708408531.
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The transformation of a society from socialism to a market economy, in addition to political and economic change, is accompanied by a socio-cultural transition of changing values, goals and social behavior by different groups in the population. It is also accompanied by a psychological transition from an overwhelming dependence of the people on the paternalistic state and its institutions, to individual choice, initiative and effort, and by substantial shifts in the demographic behavior of the population (Kuddo, 1995). The transitional crisis effects many aspects of people's everyday life, and demographic processes are a good indicator of such change.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Monuments – Political aspects – Estonia"
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Monis, Alicia. ""If you have lied about me, you have lied about everything" : Huis Gideon Malherbe : a discussion of the Afrikaans Taal Museum." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22238.
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Bibliography: pages 184-192.Within academia it is now accepted that personal experiences, as well social construction influence the way people perceive the world, and thus the research process and findings. Research, no matter how empirical, is not immune to personal quess work and conclusions. The same however, can be said for the establishment of museums and monuments which are meant to commemorate events, or epochs in the history of a nation. For in the establishment of the museum or monument the curators and researchers do choose those events which are deemed important enough as history to be preserved for prosperity. The following thesis is an investigation of the Afrikaans Taal museum, or Afrikaans Language Museum situated in Paarl, Cape Province. The museum aims to reproduce a history of the Afrikaans language, culminating in the eventual recognition of Afrikaans as an official language. In the thesis though, I argue that by choosing to represent certain events in the history of the language, and excluding others, the museum becomes a symbol of/for Afrikanerdom. If South Africa is to heal its wounds caused by Apartheid and the Armed Struggle, all monuments and museums established during the reign of the National Party will have to be investigated, and the feasibility of their existence called into question.
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Samwanda, Biggie. "Postcolonial monuments and public sculpture in Zimbabwe." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006825.
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The study critically examines public art in postcolonial Zimbabwe‘s cities of Harare and Bulawayo. In a case by case approach, I analyse the National Heroes Acre and Old Bulawayo monuments, and three contemporary sculptures – Dominic Benhura‘s Leapfrog (1993) and Adam Madebe‘s Ploughman (1987) and Looking into the future (1985). I used a qualitative research methodology to collect and analyse data. My research design utilised in-depth interviews, observation, content and document analysis, and photography to gather nuanced data and these methods ensured that data collected is validated and/or triangulated. I argue that in Zimbabwe, monuments and public sculpture serve as the necessary interface of the visual, cultural and political discourse of a postcolonial nation that is constantly in transition and dialogue with the everyday realities of trying to understand and construct a national identity from a nest of sub-cultures. I further argue that monuments and public sculpture in Zimbabwe abound with political imperatives given that, as visual artefacts that interlace with ritual performance, they are conscious creations of society and are therefore constitutive of that society‘s heritage and social memory. Since independence in 1980, monuments and public sculpture have helped to open up discursive space and dialogue on national issues and myths. Such discursive spaces and dialogues, I also argue, have been particularly animated from the late 1990s to the present, a period in which the nation has engaged in self-introspection in the face of socio-political change and challenges in the continual process of imagining the Zimbabwean nation. Little research focusing on postcolonial public art in Zimbabwe has hitherto been undertaken. This study addresses gaps in this literature while also providing a spring board from which future studies may emerge.Microsoft� Word 2010
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VÄLJATAGA, Marii. "A small nation in monuments : a study of ruptures in Estonian memoryscape and discourse in the 20th century." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/42124.
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Defence date: 30 June 2016Examining Board: Professor Pavel Kolár (EUI) - Supervisor; Professor Alexander Etkind (EUI); Professor Siobhan Kattago (University of Tartu); Professor Jörg Hackmann (University of Szczecin, University of Greifswald).
This thesis examines the monumental landscapes and historical culture in 20th century Estonia. It considers a network of three major socio-political upheavals and mnemonic 'ruptures' in the society's path for an exploration of how memory places and the memories they represent survived, responded to, or drew upon the political changes. The study follows Estonian monuments to the War of Independence (1918-1920), and proposes discourse units such as freedom and nation as a basis for interrogating the processes of their construction, destruction, altering, and eventual reconstruction. It examines the mechanisms of a mnemonic rupture, and searches for breaks alongside continuities in its aftermath. More generally, the thesis proposes a triple-change argument for the investigation of an Eastern European memory landscape, and poses a question of cross-rupture permanences in such borderland memory sites.
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Rainesalo, Timothy C. "Senator Oliver P. Morton and Historical Memory of the Civil War and Reconstruction in Indiana." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/10859.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)After governing Indiana during the Civil War, Oliver P. Morton acquired great national influence as a Senator from 1867 to 1877 during Reconstruction. He advocated for African American suffrage and proper remembrance of the Union cause. When he died in 1877, political colleagues, family members, and many Union veterans recalled Morton’s messages and used the occasion to reflect on the nation’s memories of the Civil War and Reconstruction. This thesis examines Indiana’s Governor and Senator Oliver P. Morton, using his postwar speeches, public commentary during and after his life, and the public testimonials and monuments erected in his memory to analyze his role in defining Indiana’s historical memories of the Civil War and Reconstruction from 1865 to 1907. The eulogies and monument commemoration ceremonies reveal the important reciprocal relationship between Morton and Union veterans, especially Indiana members of the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR). As the GAR’s influence increased during the nineteenth century, Indiana members used Morton’s legacy and image to promote messages of patriotism, national unity, and Union pride. The monuments erected in Indianapolis and Washington, D. C., reflect Indiana funders’ desire to remember Morton as a Civil War Governor and to use his image to reinforce viewers’ awareness of the sacrifices and results of the war. This thesis explores how Morton’s friends, family, political colleagues, and influential members of the GAR emphasized Morton’s governorship to use his legacy as a rallying point for curating and promoting partisan memories of the Civil War and, to a lesser extent, Reconstruction, in Indiana.
Books on the topic "Monuments – Political aspects – Estonia"
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Written in stone: Public monuments in changing societies. Durham, [NC]: Duke University Press, 1998.
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Bergne, Paul. Some thoughts on grave symbolism in Tashkent cemeteries. Durham: University of Durham, Institute for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, 2004.
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Escultura y poder en el espacio público. Buenos Aires: Acervo Editora Argentina, 2007.
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Öffentliche Kunst als Denkmalkritik: Studien zur Spezifik zeitgenössischer Kunst in Bezugnahme auf öffentliche Erinnerungszeichen. Weimar: VDG, 2001.
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Some thoughts on grave symbolism in Tashkent cemeteries. Durham: University of Durham, Institute for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, 2004.
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Powers, Martin Joseph. Art & political expression in early China. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.
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Menkovic, Biljana. Politische Gedenkkultur: Denkmäler, die Visualisierung politischer Macht im öffentlichen Raum. Wien: Braumüller, 1999.
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Pótó, János. Emlékművek, politika, közgondolkodás: Budapest köztéri emlékmüvei, 1945-1949 : így épült a Sztálin-szobor, 1949-1953. Budapest: MTA Töténettudományi Intézet, 1989.
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Kǣongāmprasœ̄t, Sāiphin. Kānmư̄ang nai ʻanusāwarī Thāo Suranārī. Krung Thēp: Samnakphim Matichon, 1995.
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Kultfigur und Nation: Öffentliche Denkmäler in Paris, Berlin und London, 1848-1914. München: R. Oldenbourg, 2006.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Monuments – Political aspects – Estonia"
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Martynova, Marina. "Political Aspects of the Russian Minority in Estonia." In Minorities in Europe Croatia, Estonia and Slovakia, 85–104. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-537-7_5.
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Trifunovska, Snežana. "Political and Security Aspects of Minorities in Croatia." In Minorities in Europe Croatia, Estonia and Slovakia, 21–38. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-537-7_2.
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Rebane, Martin. "Some aspects of telling political jokes in Soviet Estonia." In ESTONIA AND POLAND: Creativity and tradition in cultural communication, 111–16. ELM Scholarly Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/ep.1.rebane.
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Kalishchuk, O. M. "UKRAINE AND LITHUANIA – LATVIA – ESTONIA: RUSSIAN CONTEXT." In THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR (2014–2022): HISTORICAL, POLITICAL, CULTURAL-EDUCATIONAL, RELIGIOUS, ECONOMIC, AND LEGAL ASPECTS, 508–14. Izdevnieciba “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-223-4-61.
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"Art, culture and service: The depiction of soldiers on funerary monuments of the 3rd century AD." In The Impact of the Roman Army (200 B.C. – A.D. 476): Economic, Social, Political, Religious and Cultural Aspects, 529–61. BRILL, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004160446.i-589.83.
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Sanmark, Alexandra. "The Norse in the North Atlantic: Iceland, Faroe Islands and Greenland." In Viking Law and Order. Edinburgh University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474402293.003.0007.
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Chapter 7 moves to the North Atlantic to the regions settled by the Norse people, starting with Iceland, the Faroes and Greenland. By close examination of thing sites and their features in these areas, it becomes clear that the overall concept behind these sites was the same as in Scandinavia and variations of the same rituals and activities seem to have taken place. The assembly site features, were, however, different in two important aspects; assembly booths were constructed and there is no coincidence between burials and assemblies. As these areas were substantially unpopulated prior to the Norse arrival, there were no monuments to reuse and no need to link back to past rulers. Instead, above all through the assembly booths, the assembly-sites connect to the recent past and current political patterns.
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Thomas, Edmund. "Buildings, Politics, and the Monumentality of Antonine Cities." In Monumentality and the Roman Empire. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199288632.003.0016.
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We have seen how the forms of individual buildings under the Antonines reflected the desires of patrons or architects to achieve what we might call ‘monumentality’, often at the expense of other, less imposing buildings around them. But as these were public buildings they also reflected on the dignity of the city. Every town in the Roman Empire was an amalgam of many different single constructions that each represented the aspirations of their builders. So how far did entire Roman cities possess ‘monumentality’ in their own right, and how much did individual monumental buildings contribute to it? Did the monumentality of the city amount to more than the sum of its parts? And to what extent did monumental architecture, which for individual patrons and architects involved self-assertion and rivalry with others, express a spirit of inter-city rivalry that threatened the unity of Empire? Buildings have political meaning in many ways. Various facets of the political aspect of architecture in the ancient world have been set out by Wolfgang Sonne. First, the erection of a public building is itself a political and public activity, because it is a highly visible process and involves large numbers of workmen. The impact of this factor on popular awareness of architecture is often neglected, but the monuments of contractors employed during the building boom in Flavian and Trajanic Rome suggest that the physical aspects of construction, such as huge cranes and scaffolding structures, had themselves a certain monumentality. Second, the visual layout of public architecture can have political implications, especially the relative amounts of space given to public and private buildings and their distribution and size. In this way architecture shows how power is shared in a community. Third, some buildings are political in function, not only assemblybuildings like the Roman Curia Julia, but also audience-halls, public precincts, temples, theatres, and amphitheatres housing imperial rituals. Finally, architecture can be used as a medium of political propaganda: for example, public spaces like the Fora of Augustus and Trajan, adorned with deliberately chosen political statuary, or the imperial palaces of Augustus or Domitian.
Conference papers on the topic "Monuments – Political aspects – Estonia"
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Mancini, Francesco Maria, and Tanja Glusac. "Void of Power." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6172.
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The history of built environment reflects the rise and fall of political systems, their conflicts, social contradictions and ultimately, the state of being of particular civic societies over time. Former symbols of power, such as ancient monuments, palaces and churches still express their symbolic, economic, cultural and political value which constituted in different ages the motivation for their being. Today these are replaced by new symbols of contemporary economic forces which through skyscrapers express global tendency and power shifts. While such edifices are recognizable embodiments of power and political systems of their time, less visible, yet equally potent, are the shifts and voids in power relations. To fully comprehend the role of architecture in expressing and supporting power structures, it is important to question the concept of architecture as a mere act of presence (construction) and consider instead the void and its complementary aspects: absence, erasure and ideological need for demolition, as expressions of power. This paper considers power within the parameters of void, which extend beyond the notion of “tabula rasa” that has characterized many urban transformations. By considering the emblematic case of Via dell’ Impero, analyzing various ‘iconic’ works of architecture for their role in expressing power of institutions and individuals, and identifying dispersion as an underhanded way of exercising power, this paper proposes a more complex reading of urban transformations. It offers moments of reflection and a shift in research focus in terms of how the void is used today to express and support present power relations.
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Жердева, Ю. А. "“WE ADMIRE THE VIEWS LIKE A FAIRY TALE OR A PHANTASMAGORIA”: GALICIA AND BUKOVINA IN POLITICAL PROPAGANDA AND IN THE COMBATANT’S PERCEPTION DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR." In Конференция памяти профессора С.Б. Семёнова ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ ИСТОРИИ. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55000/mcu.2021.75.42.019.
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В статье рассматривается отношение к пространству фронта как к объекту туристского ин-тереса со стороны участников военных событий. Основными источниками исследования стали ав-тодокументальные тексты участников военных действий на территории Галиции и Буковины в го-ды Первой мировой войны, путеводители по Галиции, издававшиеся в России накануне и в годы войны, а также официальные документы Штаба Юго-Западного фронта. Являясь частью империи Габсбургов, занятая российской армией по праву войны Восточная Галиция существенно отлича-лась от российской территории и отношение к ней как к «иной» задавало туристский взгляд на неё. Статья показывает политику армейского руководства по отношению к местному населению, а также восприятие Галиции комбатантами. Автор приходит к выводу, что преобладающие в офи-циальных документах политический (полонофильский, украинофильский, русофильский) и на-циональный (отношение к российской армии со стороны русинов, поляков и евреев) аспекты до-полняются туристским взглядом комбатантов на природу и исторические памятники Галиции. The article considers the attitude to the space of the front as an object of tourist interest on the part of combatants. The main sources of the study were the auto-documentary texts of participants in military operations on the territory of Galicia and Bukovina during the First World War, travel guides to Galicia published in Russia on the eve and during the war, as well as official documents of the Headquarters of the South-Western Front. Being part of the Habsburg Empire, Eastern Galicia occupied by the Russian army by the right of war was significantly different from the Russian territory and the attitude to it as the “other” created a tourist view. The article shows the policy of the military forces in relation to the local population, as well as the perception of Galicia by the combatants. The author concludes that the prevailing political (Polonophile, Ukrainophile, Russophile) and national (attitude to the Russian army on the part of Rusyns, Poles and Jews) aspects in official documents are complemented by the tourist view of the combatants on the nature and historical monuments of Galicia.
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Anifowose, Titilayo. "Significance of cultural heritage assets in the definition of urban morphology. A case of Egba-Ake in South-West Nigeria." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/fxzs7229.
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This study defined morphological importance of cultural heritage assets and formation of Egba-Ake town. Cultural heritages include man’s physical imaginative products which can be touched and seen include buildings, crafts, tools, ivory, cowries, paintings, textiles, pestles, mortars, food, wooden objects, tombs & grave goods, temples, dresses, pottery & potsherd pavements, monuments, books and artifacts. Morphology are factors that influence city/community formation which are determined by synthetic and natural determinants. Cultural heritage assets are whatever is valued by people today that was also cherished by former generations. This research explored the importance of cultural heritage assets in relation to urban fabrics formation of Egba-Ake. Qualitative method was adopted in this study, in-depth interviews and personal observation was used for data collection while Nvivo words tree and satellite imagery was used to analyze collected data. Ake’s palace and Itoku market is located at the center around which the Egba-Ake evolved. Ake’s Palace (political and cultural hub of the town) and Itoku market (the economic heritage of the town) was used to preserve various aspects of Egba-Ake cultural heritage. Ela festival (new yam festival) is annually celebrated cultural activity in Egba-Ake. This finding is relevant to policy makers as it allows the support of potential common structures for heritage administration in Egba-Ake. Effect of heritage in EgbaAke morphology is the new palace of Alake (the cultural ruler) of Egba-Ake were renovated and new once built a few years ago with modern architectural designs, furniture and fittings. This has made the Alake’s Palace to meet ‘international standards’. Social amenities and infrastructures like electricity supply, water systems, hospitals, good roads, administrative offices, schools; communication networks, etc. are now a major feature in Egba-Ake town. Further studies will enhance the implementation issues which may arise from the creation of a framework for cultural heritage management, with emphasis on risk management and risk reduction of cultural heritage.