Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Monte Carlo experiments'
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Grinberg, Farida. "Ultraslow molecular dynamics of organized fluids: NMR experiments and Monte-Carlo simulations." Diffusion fundamentals 2 (2005) 119, S. 1-2, 2005. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14460.
Full textAmes, Allison Jennifer. "Monte Carlo Experiments on Maximum entropy Constructive Ensembles for Time Series Analysis and Inference." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32571.
Full textMaster of Science
Pettersson, Joachim. "Analysis of Monte Carlo data at low energies in electron-positron collider experiments using Initial State Radiation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kärnfysik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-217038.
Full textI denna rapport behandlas en ny metod för analys av ISR-data från experiment vid elektron-positron-kolliderare, så som KLOE-2 och BES-III. Strålning i form av en eller flera fotoner som strålats ut från elektronen eller positronen innan kollision kallas ISR. Då en foton strålas ut från initialtillståndet sänks reaktionens nominella energi. Detta möjliggör analys av reaktioner över ett kontinuerligt energispektrum. Utmaningen med ISR analys ligger i kombinatoriken som uppstår då det återfinns ytterligare fotoner i sluttillståndet för reaktionen.I rapporen beskrivs processen elektron-positron-annihilation till en neutral pion och en foton. Denna reaktion är intressant då kunskap om dess reaktionstvärsnitt ger tillgång till den elektromagnetiska formfaktorn för den neutrala pionen. Formfaktorn beskriver hur reaktionen i fråga avviker från en punkt-lik elektromagnetisk växelverkan. Den elektromagnetiska fromfaktorn för den neutrala pionen är i sin tur en viktig del i beräkningarna för det hadroniska bidraget till myonens anomala magnetiska moment (AMM). Eftersom AMM är experimentellt uppmätt till mycket god noggrannhet kan jämförelser med teoretiska modeller göras med hög precision. Vid låg reaktionsenergi kan formfaktorn beskrivas med endast en parameter, lutningsparametern. Från Monte Carlo genererad ISR-data har i denna rapport lutningsparametern bestämts med noggrannhet som är likvärdig eller bättre än tabulerade värden, beroende på mängd analyserad data samt val av analysmetod.
Lin, Heng. "CROSSOVER FROM UNENTANGLED TO ENTANGLED DYNAMICS: MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF POLYETHYLENE, SUPPORTED BY NMR EXPERIMENTS." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1142028839.
Full text"May, 2006." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 10/11/2006) Advisor, Wayne L. Mattice; Committee members, Ernst D. von Meerwall, Ali Dhinojwala, Gustavo A. Carri, Richard J. Elliott; Department Chair, Mark D. Foster; Dean of the College, Frank N. Kelley; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
Schälicke, Andreas. "Event generation at hadron colliders." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1122466458074-11492.
Full textThis work deals with the accurate simulation of high energy hadron-hadron-collision experiments, as they are currently performed at Fermilab Tevatron or as they are expected at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. For a precise description of these experiments an algorithm is investigated, which enables the inclusion of exact multi-jet matrix elements in the simulation. The implementation of this algorithm in the event generator "SHERPA" and the extension of its parton shower is the main topic of this work. The results are compared with those of other simulation programs and with experimental data
Moffat, Hayden. "Cost effective functional response experiments via sequential design." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/209917/1/Hayden_Moffat_Thesis.pdf.
Full textChetvertkova, Vera [Verfasser], Edil [Akademischer Betreuer] Mustafin, Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Ratzinger, and Oliver [Akademischer Betreuer] Kester. "Verification of Monte Carlo transport codes by activation experiments / Vera Chetvertkova. Gutachter: Ulrich Ratzinger ; Oliver Kester. Betreuer: Edil Mustafin." Frankfurt am Main : Univ.-Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104409401X/34.
Full textHatzinger, Reinhold, and Walter Katzenbeisser. "A Combination of Nonparametric Tests for Trend in Location." Department of Statistics and Mathematics, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1991. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1298/1/document.pdf.
Full textSeries: Forschungsberichte / Institut für Statistik
Lyubchyk, Andriy. "Gas adsorption in the MIL-53(AI) metal organic framework. Experiments and molecular simulation." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10932.
Full textFCT - PhD Fellowship at Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Department of Chemistry (bolsa N SFRH/BD/45477/2008); FCT Program, project PTDC/AAC-AMB/108849/2008; NANO_GUARD, Project N°269138; Programme “PEOPLE” – Call ID “FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IRSES”
Oliveira, José Benedito da Silva. "Combinação de técnicas de delineamento de experimentos e elementos finitos com a otimização via simulação Monte Carlo /." Guaratinguetá, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183380.
Full textResumo: A Estampagem a Frio é um processo de conformação plástica de chapas metálicas, que possibilita, por meio de ferramentas específicas, obter componentes com boas propriedades mecânicas, geometrias e espessuras variadas, diferentes especificações de materiais e com boa vantagem econômica. A multiplicidade destas variáveis gera a necessidade de utilização de técnicas estatísticas e de simulação numérica, que suportem a sua análise e adequada tomada de decisão na elaboração do projeto das ferramentas de conformação. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em uma empresa brasileira multinacional de grande porte que atua no setor de autopeças, em seu departamento de engenharia de projetos de ferramentas, com o propósito de reduzir o estiramento e a ocorrência de trincas em uma travessa de 6,8 [mm] de aço LNE 380. A metodologia proposta obtém os valores dos fatores de entrada e sua influência na variável resposta com o uso de técnicas de Delineamento de Experimentos (DOE) e simulação pelo método de Elementos Finitos (FE). Uma Função Empírica é desenvolvida a partir desses dados, com o uso da técnica de regressão, obtendo-se a variável resposta y (espessura na região crítica), em função dos fatores influentes xi do processo. Com a Otimização via Simulação Monte Carlo (OvSMC) insere-se a incerteza nos coeficientes desta Função Empírica, sendo esta a principal contribuição deste trabalho, pois é o que ocorre, por via de regra, na prática com problemas experimentais. Simulando-se por FE as ferram... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Mestre
Pinto, Letícia Negrão. "Experimentos de efeitos de reatividade no reator nuclear- IPEN/MB-01." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85133/tde-23102012-145549/.
Full textResearches that aim to improve the performance of neutron transport codes and quality of nuclear cross section databases are very important to increase the accuracy of simulations and the quality of the analysis and prediction of phenomena in the nuclear field. In this context, relevant experimental data such as reactivity worth measurements are needed. The objective of this work was to perform a series of experiments of reactivity worth measurements, using a digital reactivity meter developed at IPEN. The experiments employed metallic samples inserted in the central region of the core of the experimental IPEN/MB-01 reactor. The theoretical analysis was performed by the MCNP-5 reactor physics code, developed and maintained by Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the ENDF/B-VII.0 nuclear data library.
Compton, Kigen. "Using Design of Experiments and Monte Carlo to assess life cycle costs of a GSHP heating system, in a detached home in Sweden." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-104615.
Full textAlhassan, Erwin. "Nuclear data uncertainty quantification and data assimilation for a lead-cooled fast reactor : Using integral experiments for improved accuracy." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad kärnfysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-265502.
Full textMadeira, Marcelo Gomes. "Comparação de tecnicas de analise de risco aplicadas ao desenvolvimento de campos de petroleo." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263732.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica, Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: Os processos de tomada de decisões em campos de petróleo estão associados a grandes riscos provenientes de incertezas geológicas, econômicas e tecnológicas e altos investimentos. Nas fases de avaliação e desenvolvimento dos campos, torna-se necessário modelar o processo de recuperação com confiabilidade aumentando o esforço computacional. Uma forma de acelerar o processo é através de simplificações sendo algumas discutidas neste trabalho: técnica de quantificação do risco (Monte Carlo, árvore de derivação), redução no número de atributos, tratamento simplificado de atributos e simplificação da modelagem do reservatório. Ênfase especial está sendo dada à (1) comparação entre Monte Carlo e árvore de derivação e (2) desenvolvimento de modelos rápidos através de planejamento de experimentos e superfície de resposta. Trabalhos recentes estão sendo apresentados sobre estas técnicas, mas normalmente mostrando aplicações e não comparação entre alternativas. O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar estas técnicas levando em consideração a confiabilidade, a precisão dos resultados e aceleração do processo. Estas técnicas são aplicadas a um campo marítimo e os resultados mostram que (1) é possível reduzir significativamente o número de simulações do fluxo mantendo a precisão dos resultados e que (2) algumas simplificações podem afetar o processo de decisão
Abstract: Petroleum field decision-making process is associated to high risks due to geological, economic and technological uncertainties, and high investments, mainly in the appraisal and development phases of petroleum fields where it is necessary to model the recovery process with higher precision increasing the computational time. One way to speedup the process is by simplifying the process; some simplifications are discussed in this work: technique to quantify the risk (Monte Carlo and derivative tree), reduction of number of attributes, simplification of the treatment of attributes and simplification of the reservoir modeling process. Special emphasis is given to (1) comparison between Monte Carlo and derivative tree techniques and (2) development of fast models through experimental design and response surface method. Some works are being presented about these techniques but normally they show applications and no comparison among alternatives is presented. The objective of this work is to compare these techniques taking into account the reliability, precision of the results and speedup of the process. These techniques are applied to an offshore field and the results show that it is possible to reduce significantly the number of flow simulation maintaining the precision of the results. It is also possible to show that some simplifications can yield different results affecting the decision process
Mestrado
Reservatórios e Gestão
Mestre em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo
Nalbant, Serkan. "An Evaluation Of The Reinspection Decision Policies For Software Code Inspections." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605827/index.pdf.
Full textNever Reinspect&rsquo
and &lsquo
Always Reinspect&rsquo
do not exhibit the most appropriate outcomes regarding cost, schedule, and quality. Additionally, the study presents suggestions for further improving the cost, schedule, and quality of the software based on the analysis of the experiment factors.
Meglicki, Zdzislaw, and Zdzislaw Meglicki [gustav@perth ovpit indiana edu]. "Analysis and Applications of Smoothed Particle Magnetohydrodynamics." The Australian National University. Research School of Physical Sciences, 1995. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20080901.114053.
Full textRohmer, Tom. "Deux tests de détection de rupture dans la copule d'observations multivariées." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5933.
Full textPoliti, Jose Roberto dos Santos. "Inovações teoricas e experimentos computacionais em Monte Carlo Quantico." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249222.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Doutorado
Físico-Química
Doutor em Ciências
Harrington, Nicholas Lee. "Monte Carol simulation of the OLYMPUS experiment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/51610.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 53-55).
The OLYMPUS experiment seeks to measure the ratio of the cross sections for e--p and e+-p scattering in order to determine the magnitude of two photon interactions in lepton nucleon scattering. Measuring this observable to the accuracy required is dependent on a good understanding of the systematic uncertainties associated with the scattering experiment. To accomplish this, a simulation using the GEANT4 library and reconstruction code was written and studies were performed. This paper serves to document the software written and its use in understanding the experiment and some systematic uncertainties.
by Nicholas Lee Harrington.
S.B.
Jesko, Karol. "Studying divertor relevant plasmas in linear devices : experiments and transport code modelling." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0010.
Full textPredictions for the operation of tokamak divertors typically rely on edge transport codes, consisting of a fluid plasma code in combination with a Monte Carlo code for neutral species. The linear devices Magnum-PSI and Pilot-PSI at DIFFER, operating with a cascaded arc plasma source that produces plasmas comparable to those expected in the ITER divertor ($T_e \sim 1 $ eV, $n_e \sim 10^{20}$m$^{-3}$). In this thesis, plasma discharges have been studied both experimentally and by modelling using the Soledge2D-Eirene code in order to a) investigate which phenomena need to be included in the modeling to reproduce experimental trends and b) provide new insights to the interpretation of experiments. Experimentally, the effect of neutral pressure $P_n$ was investigated using Thomson scattering, a Langmuir probe, visible spectroscopy and calorimetry. We have shown that a plasma beam can be effectively terminated by a blanket of neutral gas. Next, from comparisons of experiments and simulations, we have found that it is critical to include elastic collisions between the plasma and molecules if experiments are to be reproduced. Furthermore, the near-target $T_e$ is systematically overestimated by the code, underestimating the recombination rate thereby. Lastly, we have experimentally shown the importance of the inclusion of surface recombination to the surface energy flux in low temperature plasmas, an effect that is generally known but difficult to measure in fusion devices. The work presented in this thesis contributes to the understanding of plasma-neutral interactions especially in new generation, closed divertor concepts (i.e. MAST-upgrade, DIII-D)
Coura, André da Silva 1984. "Experimentos com probabilidade e estatística : Jankenpon, Monte Carlo, variáveis antropométricas." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/307584.
Full textDissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática Estatística e Computação Científica
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Resumo: A dissertação apresenta uma abordagem prática para o ensino da matemática nos níveis fundamental e médio. De forma mais específica, apresenta conceitos de estatística básica como tratamento de informações e estudo de probabilidades. Estes conceitos são de grande importância no âmbito científico (parte experimental, por exemplo) e social (compreensão de características populacionais), além de estarem inseridos na vida cotidiana dos alunos. Sendo assim, foi entendido que é primordial desenvolver as competências e habilidades para organizar e compreender informações. Foram realizados experimentos para a aplicação dos conceitos apresentados em sala de aula. Também uma pesquisa propondo questões para analisar aspectos sobre alimentação e prática de exercícios físicos. Estes experimentos, além da aplicação dos conceitos, pretendem desenvolver no público-alvo, raciocínio lógico e olhar crítico, para assuntos relacionados à disciplina de matemática, utilizando situações cotidianas. Para análise organizamos e interpretamos as informações por meio de tabelas e gráficos. A pesquisa teve como objetivo principal mostrar como é usada a teoria estatística para a tomada de decisão e, nesse caso, para melhorar a própria qualidade de vida. Desse modo, pretendemos que a metodologia apresentada neste trabalho possa contribuir para a disseminação do conhecimento destas ferramentas matemáticas para os níveis fundamental e médio do ensino escolar
Abstract: This dissertation presents a practical approach for teaching mathematics in the elementary and secondary levels. More specifically, presents concepts of Basic Statistics as information processing and the study of probabilities. These concepts are of great importance in scientific (experimental way, for example) and social (understanding of population characteristics), besides being inserted into the daily student's lives. Therefore, it was understood that is necessary to develop the skills and abilities to organize and understand information. Experiments were carried out for the application of the concepts presented in classroom. Also a search posing questions to analyze aspects of food and physical exercise. The realization of these experiments purpose, besides the application of classroom learnt concepts, develop in students, logic reasoning and critical look at issues related to the discipline of mathematics and daily situations by organizing and interpreting information with charts and graphs. The research aimed to show how it is used statistical theory for decision making and, if so , to improve their quality of life. Thus, we intend that presented methodology in this study may contribute to the dissemination of these mathematical knowledge tools for elementary and high school levels
Mestrado
Matemática em Rede Nacional
Mestre em Matemática em Rede Nacional
Pekoz, Rengin. "Components Of Detector Response Function: Experiment And Monte Carlo Simulations." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605228/index.pdf.
Full textPanagiotopoulos, Athanassios Z. "High pressure phase equilibria : experimental and Monte Carlo simulation studies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14883.
Full textMICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE
Bibliography: v.2, leaves 200-208.
by Athanassios Z. Panagiotopoulos.
Ph.D.
Arantes, Fabiana Rodrigues. "Sistemas de nanopartículas magnéticas: estudos experimentais e simulações Monte Carlo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-26012015-111206/.
Full textIn this thesis we present a study of the behavior of a system of magnetic nanoparticles by means of experimental measurements and Monte Carlo simulations. We experimentally study the role of the interactions between particles at low temperatures in commercial samples of ferrofluids through ZFC-FC, delta m curves, and FORC diagrams. We observed the phenomenon of supercooling and phase transitions from solid to liquid states in the ZFC-FC curves of ferrofluids. For the samples of liquid crystal doped with magnetic nanoparticles, we saw the transition between the isotropic and nematic phases. We detected in the samples of ferrofluids and in micellar solutions doped with nanoparticles an increase of the viscosity in the presence of an applied magnetic field, the so-called magnetoviscous effect, which arises due to interactions between particles. In the Monte Carlo simulations, we found that the critical temperature (Tc) decreases with particle size, a behavior that is described well by a scaling law. The simulations also showed that a dead layer on the surface of the nanoparticles causes a slight decrease in the critical temperature value, what does not occur when we add a hard layer, which increases Tc significantly. For simulations of a system of interacting nanoparticles, we paid special attention to interpret how the magnetizing and demagnetizing interactions manifest themselves in FORC diagrams for a set of nanoparticles with size distribution. We observed that demagnetizing interactions is associated with a displacement of the peak of the FORC diagram to positive values of the local field interaction Hb , and that the presence of a magnetizing interaction can shift this peak to larges values of the Hc field, related to the distribution of coercivities.
Corasaniti, Maria. "Monte Carlo simulation of a neutron veto for the XENONnT experiment." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13974/.
Full textMassoli, Fabio Valerio <1987>. "The XENON1T experiment: Monte Carlo background estimation and sensitivity curves study." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6776/.
Full text钱Qian, 文斌Wenbin. "J/ψ production study at the LHCb experimentJ/ψ production study at the LHCb experiment." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112109.
Full textIn this thesis, the study of the J/ψ production at the LHCb is presented, based on a sample of fully simulated Monte Carlo events. The procedure developped in this thesis will be use to analyze real data when enough statistics will be accumulated. J/ψ events are reconstructed using selection criteria optimized to reach the best discrimitaion against background processes. The stude done shows that 6. 5 million J/ψ can be reconstructed per pb-1 of data. The production cross section of prompt J/ψ and of J/ψ from b is measured in pT and η 28 bins covering the region 0 < pT < 7 GeV/c and 3 < η < 5. In each bin, a variable is defined to distinguish prompt J/ψ and b decays. The analysis show also that J/ polarization plays an important role in the cross section determination. It can contribute to a systematic error up to 30% in some of the bins. Such an effect can be greatly reduced if a J/ψ polarization analysis is done simultaneously. The measurement of the polarization parameters will also help to understand J/ψ production mechanisms. The LHCb experiment already recorded 14 nbֿ¹ of data, part of the analysis can already be done. Approximately 3000 J/ψ candidates are reconstructed. Using this sample, the cross section as a function of pT is measured. The preliminary measurement of the J/ψ cross section in the region pT between 0 and 9 GeV/c and y between 2. 5 and 4 is 7. 6±0. 3 µb where only the statistical error is reported
Guimarães, Carla da Costa. "Monitoração individual externa: experimentos e simulações com o método de Monte Carlo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-06072009-185822/.
Full textIn this work, we have evaluated the possibility of applying the Monte Carlo simulation technique in photon dosimetry of external individual monitoring. The GEANT4 toolkit was employed to simulate experiments with radiation monitors containing TLD-100 and CaF2:NaCl thermoluminescent detectors. As a first step, X ray spectra were generated impinging electrons on a tungsten target. Then, the produced photon beam was filtered in a beryllium window and additional filters to obtain the radiation with desired qualities. This procedure, used to simulate radiation fields produced by a X ray tube, was validated by comparing characteristics such as half value layer, which was also experimentally measured, mean photon energy and the spectral resolution of simulated spectra with that of reference spectra established by international standards. In the construction of thermoluminescent dosimeter, two approaches for improvements have been introduced. The first one was the inclusion of 6% of air in the composition of the CaF2:NaCl detector due to the difference between measured and calculated values of its density. Also, comparison between simulated and experimental results showed that the self-attenuation of emitted light in the readout process of the fluorite dosimeter must be taken into account. Then, in the second approach, the light attenuation coefficient of CaF2:NaCl compound estimated by simulation to be 2,20(25) mm-1 was introduced. Conversion coefficients cp from air kerma to personal dose equivalent were calculated using a slab water phantom with polimethyl-metacrilate (PMMA) walls, for reference narrow and wide X ray spectrum series [ISO 4037-1], and also for the wide spectra implanted and used in routine at Laboratório de Dosimetria. Simulations of backscattered radiations by PMMA slab water phantom and slab phantom of ICRU tissue-equivalent material produced very similar results. Therefore, the PMMA slab water phantom that can be easily constructed with low price can be considered a convenient practical alternative to substitute the tissue-equivalent slab. Conversion coefficients from air kerma to personal dose equivalent obtained were compared with published data. It was found that the quantity kerma in the medium commonly used for the evaluation of conversion coefficients at depths of the order or less than 0,07 mm does not provide good results for monoenergetic photon beams with energy between 200 to 1250 keV. In this range, it is necessary to consider the absorbed dose quantity. We conclude that the GEANT4 is a suitable toolkit not only to simulate thermoluminescent dosimeters and experimental procedures employed in the routine of a dosimetry laboratory, but also to shed light upon all the experimental results obtained in external individual monitoring that are not always expected.
Albaret, Claude. "Automated system for Monte Carlo determination of cutout factors of arbitrarily shaped electron beams and experimental verification of Monte Carlo calculated dose distributions." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81259.
Full textThe MC model was also used to calculate dose distributions with the fast MC code XVMC in CT images of phantoms of clinical interest. These dose distributions were compared to dose calculations performed by the pencil-beam algorithm-based treatment planning system CadPlan and verified against measurements. Good agreement between calculations and measurements was achieved with both systems for phantoms containing 1-dimensional heterogeneities, provided a minimal quality of the CT images. In phantoms with 3-dimensional heterogeneities however, CadPlan appeared unable to predict the dose accurately, whereas MC provided with a more satisfactory dose distribution, despite some local discrepancies.
Vives, i. Santa-Eulàlia Eduard. "Simulació Monte Carlo de sistemes amb acoblament de graus de llibertat." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1594.
Full textD'entre d'altres exemples de sistemes amb fenòmens d'acoblament destaquen els aliatges binaris amb àtoms magnètics, els cristalls líquids, els cristalls plàstics, les barreges de líquids moleculars, etc... D'altres fenòmens que també poden englobar-se dins d'aquest marc de l'acoblament són la dependència amb l'ordre atòmic d'algunes transicions estructurals en aliatges binaris i, fins i tot, els sistemes de partícules adsorbides sobre un substrat.
Desde un punt de vista fenomenològic la teoria de Landau amb dos paràmetres d'ordre posa de manifest els principals efectes que es poden donar. Entre d'altres destaquen el desplaçament o desaparició de fases que hom esperaria si no existissin termes d'acoblament, l'existència de fases reentrants, punts tricritics I multicrítics, etc ... D'entre tots els possibles termes d'acoblament entre dos paràmetres d'ordre "x" i "y" a l'energia lliure que hom pot imaginar el més estudiat ha estat l'acoblament biquadràtic x(2)y(2), encara que termes com x(2)y també s'han mostrat útils en alguns casos com per exemple en l'estudi de diagrames de fase de cristalls líquids.
La resolució exacta dels models complexos no pot fer-se analíticament. Els mètodes pertorbatius són adequats quan les energies d'acoblament són petites, però sovint aquest no és el cas. Per això la simulació de Monte CarIo és una eina indispensable per a aquests casos. Els principals problemes que presenta són que únicament podem simular sistemes finits durant un temps relativament curt. L'estudi de les transicions de fase, on el límit termodinàmic és indispensable i les correlacions temporals poden ésser molt llargues, requereix doncs de tècniques especifiques. Els efectes de mida finita es poden reduir mitjançant l'extrapolació a mida infinita a partir de l'estudi de sistemes de diferents mides o mitjançant la teoria del "Finite Size Scaling".
En aquest treball ens hem centrat en tres problemes concrets, relacionats amb l'acoblament de graus de llibertat.
En primer lloc hem proposat un model microscòpic per als cristalls líquids. Es basa en el model "lattice-gas" bidimensional i inclou graus de llibertat orientacionals de les partícules. La seva resolució s' ha fet mitjançant tècniques de camp mitjà i simulació de Monte Carlo. El model reprodueix qualitativament els diagrames de fase experimentals d'algunes barreges de cristalls líquids, així com l'existència d'un punt tricrític en la línea de transició Smèctica-Nemàtica i la variació dels exponents crítics efectius.
Un segon estudi s'ha centrat en el problema dels aliatges binaris amb estructura BCC que tenen una transició estructural cap a una fase més compacta a baixa temperatura. Aquesta transició involucra els graus de llibertat posicionals dels nusos de la zarza BCC que sofreixen l'acció d'una cisalla. Aquests aliatges presenten a temperatures més elevades fenòmens de reordenament dels àtoms en la.xarxa BCC. Aquests fenòmens de tipus difusiu poden estudiar-se prescindint dels detalls exactes de la dinàmica del moviment atòmic, mitjançant un model que inclogui graus de llibertat configuracionals (els nusos d'una xarxa poden ésser A o B). La temperatura a la qual es produeix la transició estructural (normalment de primer ordre) depèn de l'ordre configuracional dels àtoms. Aquesta ordenació pot vari.ar-se, de forma controlada, mitjançant trempes ràpides desde diferents temperatures dins la zona de reordenament atòmic. Mitjançant el mètode de Monte CarIo hem simulat amb un model molt simple els fenòmens de reordenament en un aliatge binari tipus BCC en funció de la temperatura. En particular s'han estudiat les transicions entre estructures D0(3) , B2 i A2. Estudiant com les constants elàstiques de la xarxa depenen de l'ordre configuracional hem pogut justificar qualitativament la dependència de la temperatura de transició estructural amb la temperatura des de la qual es fa la trempa. Hem estudiat també, mitjançant una energia lliure de Landau i un model microscòpic, com l'increment d'entropia de la transició estructural depèn de l'ordre configuracional.
Finalment hem estudiat el problema dels sistemes de partículas adsorbides sobre substrats. Hem proposat un model que separa els graus de llibertat posicionals de les partícules en dos: per un costat uns graus de llibertat discrets tipus "lattice-gas" que descriuen els salts de les partícules d'un pou de potencial ("corrugation potential") a un altre en el substrat i per altre uns graus de llibertat continus que descriuen el moviment de les partícules dins els pous. La simulació Monte CarIo d'aquest model ha permès estudiar la transició de fase sòlid-líquid en aquests sistemes per a diferents valors del "corrugation potential". En el límit de substrat pla els nostres resultats indiquen la presència d'una zona de coexistència entre la fase sòlida i la líquida amb propietats de tipus hexàtic. En el cas de que el "corrugation potential" sigui prou gran els factors d'estructura simulats coincideixen perfectament amb resultats teòrics trobats en la literatura. Ara bé, quan els pous del "corrugation potential" són molt petits es troben discrepàncies ja que les fluctuacions de les partícules són molt grans.
The particles that constitute the real systems have, normally, several degrees of freedom: positional, orientational, conformational, etc. The study of a complete phase diagram cannot be done by the mere superposition of simple models because the different degrees of freedom interfere and coupling phenomena appear. Several examples are: magnetic binary alloys, liquid crystals, etc.
Other systems whose behaviours can also be regarded as the result of coupling are alloys undergoing structural phase transitions and systems of adsorbed molecules on substrates. In this work we have focused our attention in three problems related to coupling between degrees of freedom: (a) First of all we have developed a microscopic model for Liquid Crystals. It is based on a lattice-gas 2-dimensional model that includes orientational degrees of freedom for the molecules. It reproduces qualitatively well the experimental phase diagrams of a number of liquid crystal mixtures, the existence of a tri-critical point in the Smectic-Nematic transition line, and a continuous variation of the effective critical exponents. (b) A second work has been the study of BCC binary alloys that undergo structural phase transitions to packed phases at low temperature, and also exhibit atomic reordering phenomena at higher temperatures. Coupling phenomena between the structural degrees of freedom and the configurational atomic order can appear by means of quenches starting at temperatures in the range where atomic reordering is operative. We have studied how the elastic constants depend on the configurational order and we have justified the dependence of the structural transition temperature upon the starting temperature of the quench. (c) Finally we have studied systems of adsorbed molecules on substrates. We have proposed a model that splits the positional degrees of freedom of the particles: on the one hand it considers variables associated with the jumps of the particles between neighbouring wells of the corrugation potential and on the other hand it considers continuous degrees of freedom associated with the movement of particles inside the wells. Monte Carlo simulation allows the study of the solid-liquid phase transition for different values of the corrugation potential. In the limit of flat substrate our results show a coexisting zone with hexatic properties between the solid and liquid phases. For big enough corrugation potential the simulated structure factors are in agreement with the results of previous theorie s found in the literature.
Medin, Joakim. "Studies of clinical proton dosimetry using Monte Carlo simulation and experimental techniques /." Online version, 1997. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/26808.
Full textDoucet, Robert. "Experimental verification of Monte Carlo calculated dose distributions for clinical electron beams." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33750.
Full textRees, Vaughan P. "Evaluation of a novel neutron detector using experimental and Monte Carlo Techniques." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580602.
Full textHe, Yufeng. "Experimental and Monte Carlo simulation investigations of adsorption heterogeneity in nanoporous materials." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14036.
Full textVegas, Lozano Esteban. "Optimización en estudios de Monte Carlo en Estadística: Aplicaciones al Contraste de Hipótesis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1565.
Full textSe demuestra que este estimador es insesgado y se obtiene la expresión de su varianza. Se estudiaron varios estimadores de esta varianza, escogiendo a uno de ellos como el más adecuado. Además, se estudia el tanto por ciento de reducción de la varianza del nuevo estimador en comparación con el estimador habitual (frecuencia relativa). Se observan unos valores entre un 40% a un 90% según se incremente el valor de la correlación entre la variable de control (C) y la variable de estudio (Y).
Para validar los resultados teóricos anteriores e ilustrar la técnica propuesta se realizaron dos estudios de simulación. El primero sirve para obtener una estimación de la potencia de un nuevo test. Mientras que el segundo es un estudio de simulación general sin ninguna finalidad concreta.
Se propuso un nuevo test para resolver el problema de Behrens-Fisher, basado en la distancia de Hao, al cual se le aplica la anterior técnica para conocer su potencia y robustez. Se obtiene una potencia y robustez óptimas.
Por último, se exponen dos casos reales, dentro del entorno médico-biológico, donde surge el problema de Behrens-Fisher. En ambos estudios, se realiza un análisis crítico ya que las verdaderas probabilidades de error son distintas de las supuestas debido a ignorar probables diferencias entre varianzas.
The main purpose is the presentation of an optimization technique in Monte-Carlo studies in statistics and subsequent study of some statistical properties of the estimator associated with this technique. An estimator of the expectation of a dichotomous variable, Y, with variance less than the most obvious unbiased estimator, relative frequency, is obtained. This new estimator is based on the availability of another dichotomous variable (control), C, correlated with Y and expectation, E(C), which is known. The availability of this control variable is relatively common in Monte-Carlo simulations. So, for example, simulation studies of the power of a new nonparametric test may sometimes use a comparable parametric test, with known power.
Moreover, a new test for the Behrens-Fisher problem, based on geodesic distance criteria, is proposed. The power and robustness of this test are estimated through Monte-Carlo simulation using the previous optimization technique.
Szameitat, Tobias [Verfasser], and Horst [Akademischer Betreuer] Fischer. "New geant4-based Monte Carlo software for the COMPASS-II experiment at CERN." Freiburg : Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1125906251/34.
Full textYeung, Alan B. (Alan Brian) Carleton University Dissertation Physics. "A Monte Carlo study of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory small test detector experiment." Ottawa, 1990.
Find full textPaczkowski, Remi. "Monte Carlo Examination of Static and Dynamic Student t Regression Models." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38691.
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Forster, Simon. "Nouveau matériau semi-conducteur à large bande interdite à base de carbures ternaires - Enquête sur Al4SiC4." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI095.
Full textWide bandgap semiconductor materials are able to withstand harsh environments and operate over a wide range of temperatures. These make them ideal for many applications such as sensors, high-power and radio-frequencies to name a few.However, more novel materials are required to achieve significant power efficiency of various applications or to develop new applications to complement current wide bandgap semiconductors such as GaN and SiC.In this dissertation, three different methods are used to study one of these novelmaterials, aluminium silicon carbide (Al4SiC4): (1) ensemble Monte Carlo simulationsin order to study the electron transport properties of the novel ternary carbide, (2)experimental studies to determine its material properties, and (3) device simulationsof a heterostructure device made possible by this ternary carbide. All these methodsinterlink with each other. Data from each of them can feed into the other to acquire newresults or refine obtained results thus leading way to attractive electrical properties such as a bandgap of 2.78 eV or a peak drift velocity of 1.35×10 cm s .Ensemble Monte Carlo toolbox, developed in-house for simulations of Si, Ge, GaAs,AlxGa1−xAs, AlAs, and InSb; is adopted for simulations of the ternary carbide by adding anew valley transformation to account for the hexagonal structure of Al4SiC4. We predicta peak electron drift velocity of 1.35×107 cms−1 at electric field of 1400 kVcm−1 and a maximum electron mobility of 82.9 cm V s . We have seen a diffusion constant of 2.14 cm2s−1 at a low electric field and of 0.25 cm2s−1 at a high electric field. Finally, weshow that Al4SiC4 has a critical field of 1831 kVcmsemiconductor crystals are used that had previously been grown at IMGP, one by solution grown and the other by crucible melt. Three different experiments are performed on them; (1) UV, IR and Vis Spectroscopy, (2) X-ray Photo Spectroscopy, and (3) Two- and four-probe measurements where metal contact are grown on the crystals. Here we have found a bandgap of 2.78 ± 0.02 eV UV, IR and Vis Spectroscopy and a thick oxide layer on the samples using XPS. Unfortunately the Two- and four-probe measurements failed to give any results other than noise, most likely due to the thick oxide layer that was found on the samples.In the device simulations, a commercial software Atlas by Silvaco is utilized to predict performance of heterostructure devices, with gates lengths of 5 μm, 2 μm and 1 μm, made possible by the ternary carbide in a combination with SiC. The 5 μm gate length SiC/Al4SiC4 heterostructure transistor delivers a maximum drain current of 1.68×10−4 A/μm, which increases to 2.44×10−4 A/μm and 3.50×10−4 A/μm for gate lengths of 2 μm and 1 μm, respectively. The device breakdown voltage is 59.0 V which reduces to 31.0 V and to 18.0 V for the scaled 2 μm and the 1 μm gate length transistors. The scaled down 1 μm gate length device switches faster because of the higher transconductance of6.51×10−5 S/μmcomparedtoonly1.69×10−6 S/μmforthelargestdevice.Finally,a sub-threshold slope of the scaled devices is 197.3 mV/dec, 97.6 mV/dec, and 96.1 mV/dec for gate lengths of 5 μm, 2 μm, and 1 μm, respectively
Fleming, Austin. "Uncertainty Qualification of Photothermal Radiometry Measurements Using Monte Carlo Simulation and Experimental Repeatability." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3299.
Full textLecina, Casas Daniel. "Studying protein-ligand interactions using a Monte Carlo procedure." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/459297.
Full textLas simulaciones biomoleculares se han usado ampliamente en el estudio de interacciones proteína-ligando. Comprender los mecanismos involucrados en la predicción de afinidades de unión tiene una gran repercusión en la industria farmacéutica. A pesar de las dificultades intrínsecas en el muestreo del espacio de fases, mejoras de hardware y metodológicas hacen de las simulaciones por ordenador un candidato prometedor en la resolución de problemas biofísicos con alta relevancia. En este contexto, el objetivo de la tesis es el desarrollo de un protocolo que introduce un estudio más eficiente de las interacciones proteína-ligando, con vistas a diseminar PELE, un procedimiento de muestreo de Monte Carlo, en el diseño de fármacos. Nuestro principal foco ha sido sobrepasar las limitaciones de muestreo causadas por la rugosidad del paisaje de energías, aplicando nuestro protocolo para hacer analsis detallados a nivel atomístico en receptores nucleares de hormonas, receptores acoplados a proteínas G, tirosinasas y prolil oligopeptidasas, en colaboración con una compañía farmacéutica y de varios laboratorios experimentales. Con todo ello, esperamos que las metodologías presentadas en esta tesis ayuden a mejorar el diseño de fármacos.
Moutoussamy, Vincent. "Contributions à l'analyse de fiabilité structurale : prise en compte de contraintes de monotonie pour les modèles numériques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30209/document.
Full textThis thesis takes place in a structural reliability context which involves numerical model implementing a physical phenomenon. The reliability of an industrial component is summarised by two indicators of failure,a probability and a quantile. The studied numerical models are considered deterministic and black-box. Nonetheless, the knowledge of the studied physical phenomenon allows to make some hypothesis on this model. The original work of this thesis comes from considering monotonicity properties of the phenomenon for computing these indicators. The main interest of this hypothesis is to provide a sure control on these indicators. This control takes the form of bounds obtained by an appropriate design of numerical experiments. This thesis focuses on two themes associated to this monotonicity hypothesis. The first one is the study of these bounds for probability estimation. The influence of the dimension and the chosen design of experiments on the bounds are studied. The second one takes into account the information provided by these bounds to estimate as best as possible a probability or a quantile. For probability estimation, the aim is to improve the existing methods devoted to probability estimation under monotonicity constraints. The main steps built for probability estimation are then adapted to bound and estimate a quantile. These methods have then been applied on an industrial case
Martínez, Rovira Immaculada. "Monte Carlo and experimental small-field dosimetry applied to spatially fractionated synchrotron radiotherapy techniques." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/81470.
Full textHelgesson, Petter. "Experimental data and Total Monte Carlo : Towards justified, transparent and complete nuclear data uncertainties." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad kärnfysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-265330.
Full textKang, Donghee. "Longitudinal lambda and anti-lambda polarization at the COMPASS experiment." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007.
Find full textGschwender, Michael [Verfasser], and Tobias [Akademischer Betreuer] Lachenmaier. "Finite Element and Monte Carlo Simulations Accompanying the SOX Experiment / Michael Gschwender ; Betreuer: Tobias Lachenmaier." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1188613707/34.
Full textMcClain, Christopher J. "A Monte Carlo simulation of the EEMC detector located in the STAR experiment at RHIC." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1315173.
Full textDepartment of Physics and Astronomy
Àgueda, Costafreda Neus. "Near-relativistic electron events. Monte Carlo simulations of solar injection and interplanetary transport." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/749.
Full textIn this set of seven NR electron events, we have identified two types of injection episodes in the derived injection profiles: short (< 20 min) and time-extended (> 1 h). The injection profile of three events shows both components; an initial injection episode of short duration, followed by a second much longer lasting episode; two events only show a time-extended injection episode; while the others show an injection profile composed by several short injection episodes.
We have found that the timing of the prompt short injection episodes agrees with the timing of the hard X-rays and radio type III bursts. On the other hand, time-extended injection episodes seem to be related to intermittent radio emissions at the height of the CME leading edge or below, and sometimes to type II radio bursts. Thus, we conclude that short injection episodes are preferentially associated with the injection of flare-accelerated particles, while longer lasting episodes are provided by CME-driven shocks or post-eruptive reconnection phenomena at coronal heights lower than those of the CME-driven shocks.
From the fit of the events, we have derived the transport conditions of the electrons. We have found that the electron propagation was almost scatter-free (the radial mean free path of the electrons was ~0.9 AU) during two of the events, whereas during five of the events the propagation occurred under strong scattering conditions (the radial mean free path of the electrons was smaller than 0.2 AU). Those events showing a long radial mean free path reached the maximum intensity shortly (< 15 min) after the onset of the event; whereas those events showing a small radial mean free path reached the maximum intensity more than one hour after the onset.
The overall conclusion from this study is that there is a continuous spectrum of scenarios that allow for either flare or CME-driven shock NR electron injection, or for both, and that this can occur both under strong scattering and under almost "scatter-free" propagation conditions.
SUBJECT HEADINGS: Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) Sun: flares Sun: particle emission
Hemos desarrollado un modelo Monte Carlo para simular el transporte de electrones solares casi-relativistas (30-300 keV) en el medio interplanetario que tiene en cuenta los efectos de la focalización adiabática, la dispersión en ángulo de batida y los efectos del viento solar. Teniendo en cuenta la respuesta angular del telescopio, hemos desarrollado un método que permite transformar las distribuciones angulares de partículas simuladas en intensidades sectoritzadas observadas por el telescopio LEFS60 a bordo de la sonda interplanetaria ACE. Esto nos ha permitido desarrollar un algoritmo que permite, por primera vez, deconvolucionar los efectos del transporte interplanetario en las intensidades sectoritzadas observadas, con el objetivo de determinar el perfil de inyección solar de electrones y las características del transporte. Hemos aplicado el modelo al estudio de siete sucesos de electrones observados por la sonda ACE. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que la inyección de electrones casi-relativistas está asociada con procesos fulgurativos, choques conducidos por eyecciones de masa coronal o con ambos, y que el transporte se puede producir tanto en condiciones muy dispersivas como en condiciones muy poco dispersivas.
RESUM:
Hem desenvolupat un model Monte Carlo per simular el transport d'electrons solars quasi-relativistes (30-300 keV) en el medi interplanetari que té en compte els efectes de la focalització adiabàtica, la dispersió en angle de batuda i els efectes del vent solar. Hem desenvolupat un mètode per transformar les distribucions angulars de partícules simulades en intensitats sectoritzades observades pel telescopi LEFS60 a bord de la sonda interplanetària ACE, tenint en compte la resposta angular del telescopi. Això ens ha permès desenvolupar un algoritme que permet, per primera vegada, deconvolucionar els efectes del transport interplanetari en les intensitats sectoritzades observades, amb l'objectiu de determinar el perfil d'injecció solar d'electrons observats per la sonda ACE. Els resultats posen de manifest que la injecció d'electrons quasi-relativistes pot produir-se en processos fulguratius, en xocs conduïts per ejeccions de massa coronal o en ambdós, i que el transport es pot produir tant en condicions molt dispersives com en condicions molt poc dispersives.
Prats, Garcia Hèctor. "Monte Carlo based methods applied to heterogeneous catalysis and gas separation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666583.
Full textEl treball de recerca presentat en aquesta tesi es divideix en dos temes principals: separació de gasos i catàlisi heterogènia. Tot i que els sistemes estudiats en ambdues parts són molt diferents, comparteixen dues característiques fonamentals: ambdós temes tenen un elevat interès industrial i s'han estudiat mitjançant mètodes estocàstics de Monte Carlo. El treball corresponent a la separació de gasos pretén avaluar el rendiment de diverses estructures de faujasites, una coneguda família de zeolites, en processos de captura de CO2. Concretament, s'han avaluat deu estructures de faujasites amb diferent contingut d’alumini en la separació de mescles post-combustió. Mitjançant simulacions GCMC realitzades en una àmplia gamma de pressions i temperatures, s’han obtingut les isotermes i isòbares d'adsorció pures i de mescla per les diferents estructures. Aquesta informació s'ha emprat per calcular diversos criteris de rendiment com ara la puresa, la capacitat de treball, la selectivitat i l'energia requerida per tona de CO2 capturat. D'altra banda, els treballs de recerca sobre reactivitat química es centren en l'estudi de la reacció water-gas shift (WGSR) sobre superfícies de coure tant des d'un punt de vista termodinàmic com cinètic. En aquest context, s’ha estudiat l’efecte de les superfícies esglaonades i de les forces de van der Waals mitjançant càlculs d’estructura electrònica i simulacions amb el mètode de Monte Carlo cinètic (kMC) en la superfície plana Cu(111) i la superfície esglaonada Cu(321). Els resultats mostren que les superfícies esglaonades no sempre són més actives que les planes, i que la introducció de les interaccions de van der Waals és crucial per a obtenir una descripció correcta dels diferents processos que ocorren en superfície.
Hertel, Ida Marlene [Verfasser]. "Schätzung des optimalen Designs eines nichtlinearen parametrischen Regressionsproblems mittels Monte-Carlo-Experimenten / Ida Marlene Hertel." Aachen : Shaker, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1053361564/34.
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