Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Montagne de (France)'
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Girard, Catherine. "Les communautés de conodontes et les crises Kellwasser et Hangenberg de la fin du Dévonien en Montagne noire (sud de la France) : analyse faunistique et géochimique." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20218.
Full textChiffre, Emmanuel. "Enclavement et désenclavement en moyenne montagne d'Europe occidentale : Ardennes belge et française - Morvan- montagne languedocienne." Limoges, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIMO2004.
Full textThe recent transformation of the european rural areas under the impact of a new revolution in transport and the organisation of news regions - criss-crossed by those major links that are motorways and high speed train railway lines - has inevitably led to pondering about the present situation and the future development of those regions in european medium mountains such as the french and belgian ardennes, the morvan and languedoc mountains. The regions, whose population had for a long time shown specific ways of life and customs, whose economic cornerstone was an original combination of traditional individualistic activities and associated additional ones, collapsed under the aftermath of the various revolutions industry and transport both experienced, and wich deeply charged long- established relations and structures. The striking imbalances to be found in medium mountains - whose main features are social and economic inadequacies and divisions - have consequently sharpened the contrasts and worsened the hemmed-in position of those regions while enhancing the lead taken by others. Both the notion of medium mountains and their development must be reconsidered : their heurned -in position - however relative it may be -, the various ways in which people view their living there, the importance of the national parks, the discrepancies that exist in new zones characterized by rents in the social fabric and a declining population, advocate for a necessary re-establishing of a logical pattern of some sort that must meet the larger scale requirements of our modern world. That is the reason why the interrelating of the motorway network and the geographical, economic and social environment in medium mountains might prove promising in so far as it can initiate the integration of those regions into a new, wider, more cohesive european space. Those regions - that lack the assets of high mountains but that may well assert their original ways and means and their attractive traits as well - could find there hope for their renewal
Bouvard, André. "Les peuplements castraux de la montagne du Doubs." Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN21027.
Full textThis thesis is part of a research programme at the University of Nancy under the supervision of M. Bur. By associating both ground and textual study, it aims to make a thorough list of the castle settlements in the Doubs, a district bordering Switzerland and whose make-up is 75% mountains. In the first volume, the author strives to bring underline the main features of the grouping together around a castle phenomenon which took place after the year thousand. Except for Montbeliard which appears in the 10th century, and, a few other sites (Rougemont, Vercel. . . ), the dates are generally the thirteenth and beginning of the fourteenth century. These can be explained by the late development of the mountains and the plateau, and, by the initiatives of some noble lineages Chalon, Montfaucon and later Neufchatel exploit the lack of county and episcopal power from the end of the 12th century onwards. Consequently most of these burghs undergo a difficult development exacerbated by the choice of site, characterized in 90% of cases by dominant relief. Sub-equipped religiously speaking, a little better off commercially speaking, they are characterized by extreme modesty, 57% of them are smaller than two hectares. There is only one town, Montbeliard. The other places are just big villages which will become district country towns. Such conditions make it difficult to talk about the set-up of a second urban network. These burghs are very fragile: almost one out of two (45%) are abandoned between the end of the 15th. And the beginning of the 19th century. The three other volumes present the 71 sites selected according to a structure which is always identical: firstly a topographical summary or a map to a scale of 1/2500e, based on the present cadaster, then a note including a description of the site, a body of texts and pictures followed by historical background and finally a bibliography
Merlin, Colette. "Ceux des villages : la société rurale de la petite montagne jurassienne à la veille de la Révolution." Besançon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BESA1003.
Full textBeynel, Christian. "La Forêt et la société rurale de la montagne limousine." Limoges, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIMO0003.
Full textThe limousin mountain is a land of heath which in a few years has been turned into a booming forest area thanks to vast spaces of land given up by agriculture. The deciduous forest which is small is of mediocre quality. On the other end, the evergreen forest is taking advantage of the latest technology. It includes more and more highly productive conifers. The author has tried to study the consequences of this new source of wealth. New jobs related to the forest have been created, from planting to building cutting machines. The output of wood is higher and higher and has become a great asset to the industrialization of the small towns located around the mountain. Ussel is the home of two important triturating mills. Activities strongly tend to concentrate on a few locations so that the interior of the mountain may be turned into a no man's land. In the last part, the writer puts the stress on the connections between the forest and the other activities and he proposes to adjust the development of the area on forestry of high quality
Rendu, Christine. "La Montagne d'Enveig : une estive pyrénéenne dans la longue durée." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHESA072.
Full textKhan, Fazli Rabbi. "Les conodontes des calcaires griottes du dévonien supérieur de la Montagne Noire (Inventaire, biostratigraphie et paléoenvironnements)." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO19001.
Full textGoubet, Pierre. "Végétations et fonctionnement écologique des tourbières de montagne Bourbonnaise (Allier, France)." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00717834.
Full textGoubet, Pierre. "Végétations et fonctionnement écologique des tourbières de montagne Bourbonnaise (Allier, France)." Phd thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF21742.
Full textWozniak, Marie. "L'architecture dans " l'aventure des sports d'hiver " : stations de Tarentaise (1945-2000) : l'image de la montagne en construction : s'inscrire dans le temps, s'ancrer dans l'espace ?" Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE10045.
Full textThe winter sports resorts tourist architecture is based on social images of the mountain; whether it claims a form of acculturated modernity or displays the signs of a re-invented syncretic alpine tradition. Devoted to city-dwellers on holiday, these elevated cities are developped according to their social practices and their universe of reference. Their architecture and urban development are part of an imaginative urban world, so they question the bond that unites these buildings are their territories : history's long term and fashion's short term, permanent settlement and exotic scenery, daily life and holiday time, search of identity and distinctive practices, town and country planning marketing. In this thesis, sociological, economic and historical data are the basis of an architectural and urban analysis of a set of winter sports resorts of the Tarentaise Valley. Their tourist architecture is designed to be a "mountain" one, thus analysing it contributes to a cultural reading of this geographical object
Sbaï, Jalila. "La politique musulmane de la France et Robert Montagne 1911-1954." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE5025.
Full textThis thesis analyzes jointly through the public and private archives, the double route; that of the Muslim policy of France through the institutions which were dedicated to her: Interministerial Commission of the Muslim affairs, the High Mediterranean Committee, the Center of the High studies and the Muslim administration; and that from catholic French, Robert Montagne, a sociologist-political analyst of the Muslim world. She studies on one hand, the interactions enter the ' colonial - Muslim ' French policy for the governance of the empire, the management policy of the Muslims stemming from the empire in mainland France, and the birth of an Islam of France. On the other hand the interactions between the political, military, university and catholic circles; the influence of the latter of which R. Montagne is one of represent the most imminent on the Muslim policy of France between 1911 and 1954
Borel, Jacqueline. "Les Préalpes de Digne et de Castellane, l'enclavement de la montagne." Lyon 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO31030.
Full textLocated on the SouthEast border, in the average-lying mountain-area of a low démographie density, the Southern Prealps seem isolated owing to the ever-present constraints of life in the mountains. The main news of transport skirt round them by avoindring them. The SouthernPrealps are baldy liviked to the main highways and railways which connect the economic centres in the South of France. The futurs huilfding of new schemes of facilities in the fiels respecting the environnement is being studiedto satisfy the needs of the mountains for a lasting development. The mastery of the economic assets of the Southern Aips, especially tourism, still remainweak very poins since they are depend on capitals and markets beyond the mountain areas. To create amenities in this space region should prevent them from being dominated
Bourdeau, Philippe. "Territoire et identité : recherches sur la territorialité d'un groupe professionnel : les guides de haute montagne en France." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE19003.
Full textFrench mountain guides territoriality is based on a multiform relation between a professional group and its territory. This relation is both symbolic and material, social and spatial, and provides to the group a strong collective identity, witch is inscribes in a two centuries history and in an original professional culture. As a matter of fact, numerous territorial clashes are pointing the importance of the territory as the main indication of this identity
Bellefon, Renaud de. "Du terroir au territoire : histoire des guides de montagne en France (vers 1780-1960)." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20063.
Full textLabelling the activity of mountain guides as vocational has turned it into a sideline, into imagery. As an inheritor of this imaginary construction, as an observer, an actor and a historian, I propose here to upset it by writing a history of mountain guides from 1780 to 1960. The mountain guide came into existence as soon as mountains were viewed as touristic sites. However, the guide himself considered his profession as a mere extension of his usual farming activity in a mountain environment. In his own eyes - and in his client's, usually middle-class person - he delved his legitimacy from his dwelling place and his long familiarity with the mountain. Nevertheless, only in Chamonix could the mountain guides set up and impose a company with established rules directly resulting from a communitarian exploitation of the mountain. In contrast, anywhere else the strangers and the alpinists were the real power, and they managed to outclass the guide. Considering his knowledge of mountain environment as purely intuitive enabled them to devise exclusion procedures such that the mountain guide now just ranked a as sub alpinist. A mere servant of his client, the local mountain guide remained a loyal and faithful underling and had to become acquainted with the mountain as it had been appropriated and remodeled by the client. In view of his dependence on the alpinist, which is evident from the available sources, the mountain guide had to adapt himself after 1930 to the new trends in mountain resort business - to become an alpinist, as in Chamonix or to vanish, as in the Pyrenees. However, a turn of the tide occurred in the period going from 1930 to 1950, with the guide now appearing as the leader in the pair. In the process the local mountain man acting as a guide has been changed into a full-time alpinist, a professional, in short a new type of; mountain man. A new mountain has been reinvented, marked by sport and leisure activities, an evolution that has its counterpart in the society at large
Bilger, Bertrand L. "Châteaux forts de montagne et armes à feu en Alsace /." [Strasbourg] (Archives départementales du Bas-Rhin) : Publ. de la Société savante d'Alsace et des régions de l'Est, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb362100195.
Full textGuéringer, Alain. "Stratégies des acteurs locaux et mutations foncières dans la montagne auvergnate : contribution aux objectifs de gestion de l'espace." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF20015.
Full textEchtler, Helmut. "Les nappes du versant sud dans l'évolution tectonique varisque de la Montagne Noire (sud du Massif central) : de l'épaississement crustal à l'extension tardi-orogénique." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20119.
Full textDebarbieux, Bernard. "Territoires de haute montagne : recherches sur le processus de territorialisation et d'appropriation sociale de l'espace de haute montagne dans les Alpes du Nord." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE19040.
Full textFrom the study of three alpine valleys (chamonix, tarentaise and ferrand), the author strives to demonstrate that spatial se and planning in the "high mountain" can be understood as a unique process of spatial territorialisation of social groupes. This process needs the production of immaterial structures, such as nomination of places which has been specialty studied by the author and material structures (agrarian structures, lines of communication, networks of ski-lifts and touristics trails). The parallel development of several processes of territorialisation creates the necessity of a relative definition of the different social groupes, what we call "relations of spatial appropriation", relations which can be proved conflictual
Eychenne, Corinne. "Les éleveurs et l'estive, un regard sur l'action collective : le cas de la "montagne" ariègeoise." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20040.
Full textThis study aims at breaking apart the mechanisms of collective action in altitude pasturing. From the diachronic point of view, it raises the question of permanencies and discontinuities in the managing of the mountains of Ariège and rests on the analysis of the standards governing the access and the use of collective altitude pastures. Based on the assumption of a deep renewal of mountain farming and pastoralism, the description of a double historical and space discontinuity in pastoral practices allows one to affirm the emergence of new relations between the breeders and altitude pastures. In spite of the apparent diversity in the ways of managing, the systems of standards of altitude pasture breeders are characterised by a remarkable homogeneity and their great coherence enables them to associate operational, social and symbolical objectives. Altitude pasturing, beyond its strict technical functions, is at the origin of complex social and identity constructions which brings it to the level of space ideology
Gibert, François. "Les gneiss à silicates calciques des schistes X de la Montagne Noire : origine et modalités de la métasomatose et du dépôt de W et Sn." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30007.
Full textBaubet, Éric. "Biologie du sanglier en montagne : biodémographie, occupation de l'espace et régime alimentaire." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10293.
Full textRicard, Daniel. "Les montagnes fromagères en France." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF20045.
Full textThe tradition agriculture of french mountains have a long time, been known for the large number of cheese productions specific of this damp surrondings. Today, this legacy is symbolised by the numerus aoc, which guarantee the gunuinenees of this products. This districts in altitude are nevertheless marked by a true variety deriving from the intensity of the cheese tradition, andthe management of this inheritence by local interveniers. Generaly speeking, one might contrast the cheese traces of the jura and savoie, dedicated to local and high quality products : with thowses of the massif central, more diversified and more widely industrialised, with cheeses which to some extent tend to a certain vulgarisation
Saint-Martin, Michel. "Evolution du bassin stéphanien de Graissessac en relation avec les tectoniques hercyniennes et tardi-hercyniennes de la Montagne noire (Sud du Massif Central français)." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20001.
Full textLacouture, Madeleine. "Réseau scolaire et moyenne montagne : les écoles des hautes terres du Puy-de-Dôme." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF20004.
Full textThe present study deals with two different subjects : the primary school and the territory. The primary school is presented as an institution produced by territories and that also organizes the territories around it. The medium mountains of the puy de dome have inherited an educational network created in accordance with an economical and social system that then drastically changed. The location of the network shows inequalities between the different territories, which can be underlined by a cartography of the different areas (first part of the study). The disorganization of the network has happened through a complex selection process , in which the demographic crisis is not the only factor (second part of the study). The different actors implicated in that process don't have the same perception of the crisis, but they all try to find some ways of restructuring (second part of the study). When considering the educational patrimony, one could imagine that the educational system has not evolved and this would be a wrong statement. In fact, the educational network has been modified in many ways. School life takes place in a highly mobile world now characterized by the commuting of many parents , pupils and primary teachers
Iskandar, Denise. "La diatomite miocène de la montagne d'Andance, carrière de Saint-Bauzile (Ardèche, France) : étude palynologique - écostratigraphie - paléoclimatologie." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10135.
Full textBouvard, André. "Châteaux et bourgs de la montagne du Doubs." [Montbéliard] (BP 251, 25204) : Société d'émulation de Montbéliard, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40958303v.
Full textMatteudi, Emmanuel. "L'enfance de la montagne : structures familiales, capacité d'entreprendre et développement touristique." Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE21016.
Full textThe objective of this research is to analyse undertaking strategies of the mountain dwellers and the way they take place in development process of the local communities. It is about the research of an explanation of the unequal ability of a local population to undertake or to get in touch with the global society. The adopted way to reach this objective is the reading of the family structures and of their evolution during the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. This thesis uses the study of three cases : beaufort areches, the valley of belleville and la plagne. The first part lays out the theoretical context which starts with a family approach in the analysis of the tourist development. The second part analyses the link between the family systems found and the economic strategies that set people up. The third part is talking about the dynamic of the family systems in their relations with the agrarian organisations as parameters of the evolution of the rural societes. This part describe three kinds of environments corresponding to 3 studied areas : an innovative anvironment at beaufort-areches, a conservative environment at st martin de belleville a passive environment at aine and macot la plagne. The fourth part analyses the tourist development as revealing of the anthropological structures of mountain people societies
Brun, Catherine, and Christine Dupuis. "Quel avenir pour la montagne ariégeoise ? : acteurs, dynamiques locales et fonctions de l'espace." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070020.
Full textRolin, Didier. "Etude morphodynamique d'un bassin versant de haute montagne alpine : La Grande Sassière (Tignes-Savoie)." Paris 12, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA120041.
Full textDemuer, Alexia. "Les parcs naturels régionaux de moyenne montagne en France métropolitaine : des territoires touristiques ?" Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20021.
Full textIs there any NRP tourism in the uplands ? The NRP created in 1967 to satisfy the double aim of the nature protection and of local development. The tourism and leisure activities are following this logic : they're even more and more important in the policies that are being put in place in the NRP, but the humans and financial means devoted to it are a lot different from a Park another. Contributors are yet very present in the touristic area and the role of the parc is, in the case, delicate to define. Many elements could allow the existence of a specific tourism ("parc" products and label NRP). However, to admit the existence of a NRP tourism, the Parc would have to be known and recognized by the general public but NRP is not a decisive element in the choice of the vacation's destination. The problem of the NRP structure itself is also being put up, general-interest and non-specialist of one or another activity. The missing reglementary power for the technical staff also contributes to weaken the efficiency of the existing policy
Martel, Caroline. "Conditions pré-éruptives et dégazage des magmas andesitiques de la Montagne Pelée (Martinique) : étude pétrologique et expérimentale." Orléans, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ORLE2045.
Full textVergne, Virginie. "L'évolution tardiglaciaire et holocène d'un piedmont de moyenne montagne cristalline : l'Artense (Massif Central, France)." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010613.
Full textIn the time of the Wurmian maximum, the volcanic massifs in the Auvergne were extensively covered with ice and turned into a glacier on the piedmont in the Artense. The current data of biological climate, in addition to the tests carried out on pollen rains enable us to understand some of the present ecological components previous to our study of the geomorphological and paleobotanical data of the successive stages in the ice-retreat and in the evolution of the piedmont until the holocene. The basis for the regional pollen analysis lies in the study of ten peat-bogs - including seven new lateglacial epoch - and can prove even more accurate with the help of eleven 14c-datings and tephrochronological analysis. The lateglacial epoch offers in a usual succession the lower dryas, then bolling-allerod, and finally the upper dryas. An attempt at drawing comparisons between the geomorphological data and the paleobotanical ones is now at hand. We must also keep in mind the consequences of human influence in our study of the recent palaeoecology in the Piedmont
Dérioz, Pierre. "Friches et terres marginales en basse et moyenne montagne : revers sud-oriental du Massif central." Avignon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AVIG1002.
Full textThis research, dealing with areas abandoned by agriculture, shows the stakes and ambiguities of the different literature developped on the topic of fallow lands and on the dangers they are supposed to entail for rural landscapes. Beyond problems of definition of these marginal lands and uncertainties about statistical results - from 2. 5 to 5. 4 millions of hectares, according to different inventories -, fallow lands are studied in their full diversity : diversity of causes, mechanisms and situations of land abandonment, diversity of the real estate statutes, diversity of thelandscapes and the ecollogical evolutions. In two areas of small and medium-sized mountains, on mediterranean margins, where fallow lands and agricultural decline have been operating for a long time (boutieres ardechoises, occidental high-languedoc), Two complementary ways of research try to point out such a diversity : the first one analyses the place of marginal lands in the farming concerns' areas and strategies, and their functions, espacially pastoral ones. Prospects of succession of the farmers, and also phenomenons of agricultural recovering of abandoned lands (quality vineyards) showing the ever possible reversibility of the processes, are particularly emphasized. The second method, closely linked to the previous one, deals with vegetation and landscape dynamics of the marginal lands, especially ex-vineyards and chestnut orchards, where anthropic influences remain strong. This work finally insists on the non-agricultural uses of the marginal lands, attempting to distinguish those abandoned for a long time from those which are going to quickly recover other functions such as reforestation, recreation, urban development. . . These new functions are sometimes sources of conflicts when they bring many social actors (animal breeders, hunters, foresters. . . ) in the same area
Sevegner, Christophe. "Les parcs nationaux français de montagne et le tourisme : un mariage de raison." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10049.
Full textDejean, Francis. "La loi du 9 janvier 1985 relative au "développement et à la protection de la montagne" et la décentralisation." Toulouse 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU10043.
Full textThe reform of the administrative organisation undertaken in France from 1982 on wards permitted mountainous areas to be given a specific legislative status. To respect the continuity of the great decentralisation laws of 1982-1983, the January 9th 1985 law concerning the development and the preservation of the mountain aims at a most praiseworthy objective that is to make self development the solution to the problems encountered by this dispensatory space. A further analysis of the various clauses included in this law as well as a reflexion on the applicability of some measures prompts us to curb the enthusiasm provoked by the vote of this law
Pradier, Béatrice. "Agriculture et dynamiques rurales en moyenne montagne. Le cas de la Haute-Loire." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON10053.
Full textBriffaud, Serge. "Naissance d'un paysage : la montagne pyrénéenne à la croisée des regards, XVIe-XIXe siècle /." Tarbes (Archives départementales des Hautes-Pyrénées) : Toulouse : Association Guillaume Mauran ; CIMA-CNRS, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37037829k.
Full textEn appendice, choix de documents. Bibliogr. p. 493-602. Index. CIMA-CNRS = Centre intersiciplinaire d'études sur les milieux naturels et l'aménagement rural-Centre national de la recherche scientifique.
Cubizolle, Hervé. "Fonctionnement et dynamique d'un système fluvial de moyenne montagne cristalline : le bassin de la Dore (Massif central français)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF20068.
Full textHassid, Jérôme. "Alpage, boue et eau en montagne : Les enjeux de la végétalisation des pistes de ski dans les stations alpines." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENSF0025.
Full textThe managment of the revegetation of alpine ski resorts, and the investigation of the use of sewage waste as a fertiliser provides an important case study that allows the complex interactions between social and natural elements to be considered. This thesis focuses first on the key social elements. By considering the views of the key social actors (elected officials, farmers, ski slope managers and state run services) an impression of the different opinions on the management of ski slope revegetation was achieved. This research revealed not only irregularities in science and regulations but a considerable lack of knowledge regarding many of the actors. A second section provides a synthesis of revegetation practices currently applied to alpine ski slopes as well as their impact on the environment whilst the third focussed on the physical and chemical impacts. This third section focuses for the most part on soil erosion and the transfer of polluants to the hydrosphère. In this section it is shown that practices such as terracing and some approaches to revegetation (such as autumn fertiliser spreading) lead to significant transfer of heavy metals to surface waters, particularly during snow melt periods. The final section focuses on the practical applications of the research for the management of ski slope revegetation. It combines existing an newly collected data to provide recommandations to ski slope planner. It also presents the results of a forecast analysis of revegetation practices providing predictions to inform discussion at the center of the nature culture debate
Vacquié, Laure. "Modélisation prospective et échelles spatiales en montagne : application aux Pyrénées françaises." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20014/document.
Full textMountain areas exhibit high environmental, economic, social or cultural values. Land use and cover changes (LUCC), whether or not from anthropogenic origin, have led to significant encroachment and reforestation dynamics over the last decades in the French Pyrenees. Current trends suggest that these dynamics will amplify in the future. If they are closely related to the decline of agropastoral and forestry activities, the location of potentially affected areas is of great importance for managers and local stakeholders. For medium to long-term management perspectives, it is now essential to provide a quantified vision of possible futures of their territory to help in the definition of sustainable strategies. The objective of this work is to spatialize future scenarios at three different scales (regional, local and micro-local) to identify the most vulnerable areas to LUCC and analyze the influence of spatial scales and modeling approaches on their location. The methodology is based on four stages. The first step is to identify prospective modelling approaches that are preferred according to the considered spatial scales. The second step is to provide the knowledge for building scenarios. The third step is to simulate future scenarios at each spatial scales to identify the most vulnerable areas to encroachment and reforestation. The last step is to analyze the influence of scales and modeling approaches in the prospective framework. Spatially explicit scenarios allow to (i) quantify and assess possible impacts of contrasting socio-economic and environmental contexts on LUCC, and (ii) identify the most vulnerable areas to encroachment and reforestation for each considered spatial scale. Moreover, the combination of scenarios allows to evaluate the spatial uncertainty, regrouping the inherent and the ensemble uncertainties, related to future LUCC. The pattern-based models used at the regional and local levels tend to underestimate LUCC compared to the process-based model used. Finally, the multi-scale approach allowed to provide knowledge on the Pyrenean land system that a single scale approach would not have provided, to target the areas at stake regarding future LUCC and to establish a degree of confidence in the adopted modeling approaches in order to help in the definition and assessment of land use policies and strategies
Navarro-Kokkinos, Patricia. "La desserte médicale en montagne : le cas du Languedoc-Roussillon (1963-1983)." Montpellier 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON30012.
Full textThe growth of the number of liberal physicians in the languedoc-roussillon district has not deeply changed their spatial allocation in the mountain area. General practitioners and specialists have set up in majority in places already served and in their outskirts. The health care delivery of the mountain is yet sparsed with great empty medical spaces, formed by places of low density of population, important percentage of scattered population, with an older breakdown of the population by age groups and an insufficient level of equipements
Braga, De Lima Juvêncio. "Application de l'analyse situationnelle aux problèmes de développement des zones rurales montagnardes en France." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596397j.
Full textSgard, Anne. "Paysage, de la représentation à l'identité : Les discours sur la montagne et le développement territorial, l'exemple du Vercors." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE19066.
Full textWhat does the notion of landscape imply ? What is its place in geography ? These questions lay the foundations for this research. The interest for landscape is currently boosted by a study of sight and representation; the aim is to study how this representation as an historical and social process builds up and to assess the interest of this conception from the angle of development in the intermediate moutain areas of the alps. The first part of this research is methodological and deals with the following questions: what are the theoritical and epistemological foundations ? What are the conditions of an analysis of the landscape assessed through discourses and images ? What are the links between landscape and territoriality ? The second part examines, with the case of the Vercors massif, how the conception of landscape as representation has been valided : written and visual documents testify that the massif has been discovered by the first tourists around the end of the nineteenth century, and show how the image of the vercors massif builds up since that time. The third part is a study on the scale of the village itself (Corrençon-en-Vercors) wich examines the permanent residents' discourses of their environnement: the analysis of the semi-guided interview is compared to the results of a survey based on questionnaires to the owners of second homes. The fourth part analyses on different scales (the regional, inter-regional, national and european scales) the discourses of the social partners, their ideologies and how the themes around landscape are used, particularly in local development projects
Journot, Florence. "Archéologie des châteaux médiévaux de la montagne héraultaise : haut bassin de l'Orb et bassin de la Lergue : Xe-XIVe siècle." Rennes 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN20006.
Full textFrom the Xth to the XIth century, the castra or castella mentioned in texts were most often situated on rocky summits : small, without enceinte, with stones irregularly bonded, often with herring-bone courses, their construction is entrusted to professional overseeing a less specialised work force, while counts and viscounts choose the location of these castles, controlling roads, it is their inhabitants who finance the construction. Others, not mentioned in texts, were no doubt built by independent small lords, many of these castles have houses at their bases. From the XIIth century onwards, on more accessible sites, the castle only protects against small scale attacks; simply planned, witch non flanked enceintes, sometimes just one massive building. In the north of the region of Beziers, castles are situated alongside roads and mining areas. Toll points control the obligatory passages. In the Lodeve region. The bishop installs systematically throughout his territory small castles and fortiae. When a castle is surrounded by a closed village, it tends to overflow beyond the enceinte; fortified habitations built by local lords, co-lords and knights tend to be separated from the original caput castri. The castrun can also be a set of habitations, ruled over by a community, situated at a certain distance from the caput castriwhere the population takes refuge in case of danger. There are few cha ges after the royal conquest; tow royal castellanies are established in the northern part of the Beziers region: some defensive characteristics are introduced, but only one family copy the royal strongholds by rebuilding its castle to compete with royal authority
Binon, Michel. "Les formations dévono-carbonifères du nord-ouest de la montagne bourbonnaise (Massif Central français) : étude pétrographique, géochimique et structurale. Métallogénie." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF20120.
Full textSimon, Anthony. "La pluriactivité dans l'agriculture des montagnes françaises : étude géographique." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF20022.
Full textAmoumène, Salek. "Étude géographique et paysagère d'un territoire de moyenne montagne sèche : cas des Cévennes ardéchoises." Grenoble 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10144.
Full textThe study, entiled "a geographical and landscape study of a mid-altitude dry mountain area", looks at the ardeche region of the cevennes, in the southern part of the french department of ardeche. The first part of the study deals with the physical and human aspects of the area. An analysis of demographic changes, based on population census figures for the period 1821 to 1990, is used to classify the different communes according to the exent of their population losses. The second part examines current land-use patterns in the region. The agricultural changes which have taken place reveal the fragile nature of the landscape in region, as it becomes increasingly free of human constraints. Thus, as farmers continue to reduce the area under cultivation, the landscape takes on a more uniform appearance, with increasig amounts of woodland and garrigue. The third part looks at landscape changes from the beginning of the 20th century. At the beginning of the 19th century, agriculture occupied a large part of the rural landscape. Its relatively important impact on the landscape can be appreciated from the numerous cultivation terraces still visible today. In the second half of the 19 th century, the farming and rural population began to decline, resulting in the gradual transformation of the landscape of this region; a diachronic study (cadastral documents, aerial photographs) is. .
Marty, Pascal. "Forêts et sociétés : appropriation et production de l'espace forestier : les logiques d'action des propriétaires privés : l'exemple de la moyenne montagne rouergate." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010525.
Full textIn France, 70 % of the forests is privately owned. The space dynamics in private forests are linked to the way of appropriating the space. The relatinship between nature and society is complex in private forests. The topic of this research is to offer an interpretation ot the space turnover, related to the concepts of production and space appropriation. It should take into account both the social and natural aspects of the private forests. The studied area - the south-west of the french massif central - has been sharply expanding for a century and is 90 % privately-owned. The aim is to identify the logic of actions of the private owners, estimate their impact on the forest, and to analize the representations and conceptions as far as the forest management is concerned. From a metodological wiewpoint, the researches have been carried out in two directions. 1) in order to study the private strategies of owners in their forests, 9 observatories in different natural areas have been chosen to collect bio-ecological and sociological information. 2) in the public debate, the tensions and disagreements about the way of managing the forest which should be applied to the rural space, have been deduced from the analysis of forestry press articles, and also thanks to my attending a training on the forest organized by commissions of private forests. In the studied space, the forest properties are often linked to farm estates and are less than 25 ha. The registred managements programs are very rare : the actions of the owners are little linked to the economy in an uncontrolled forest space. In the public discussion, the opposition between an interest bearing conception of the forest and the environment logic is strong. The production ot the landscapes-to-be in the rural space will depend on the outcome given by the community to the issue on the forest private property
Rondony, Marc. "Organisation des sauvetages et des soins médicaux en montagne dans le département des Pyrénées Orientales." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11109.
Full textCOLLADO, MICHEL. "Promotion des petites hydrocentrales électriques en montagne française : enjeux et développement." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE1A001.
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