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Journal articles on the topic 'Monolithic coupling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 17 August 2022

Last updated: 12 September 2022

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1

Sememya, Roman, Artem Vilenskiy, and Sergey Chernyshev. "Design of RF filters with high selectivity on monolithic ceramic blocks." ITM Web of Conferences 30 (2019): 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20193006001.

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The paper presents the results of the development of quasielliptic filters on monolithic ceramic blocks. A circuit analysis of equivalent filter circuits is carried out using the coupling matrix method. A novel topology of a monolithic filter is being studied with the aim of obtaining increased frequency-selective properties due to the implementation of the attenuation poles. High cross-coupling values on ceramic monoliths with large inner metalized holes were obtained. The engineering method of adjusting the frequency position of the attenuation poles by trimming capacitive stubs is realized. Based on the performed analysis, as well as electromagnetic modeling, a monolithic ceramic filter was manufactured. The measurements results of the S-parameters for obtained models are presented.

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2

Sabarudin, Akhmad, Shin Shu, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, and Tomonari Umemura. "Preparation of Metal-Immobilized Methacrylate-Based Monolithic Columns for Flow-Through Cross-Coupling Reactions." Molecules 26, no. 23 (December 3, 2021): 7346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237346.

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With the aim of developing efficient flow-through microreactors for high-throughput organic synthesis, in this work, microreactors were fabricated by chemically immobilizing palladium-, nickel-, iron-, and copper-based catalysts onto ligand-modified poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) [poly(GMA-co-EDMA)] monoliths, which were prepared inside a silicosteel tubing (10 cm long with an inner diameter of 1.0 mm) and modified with several ligands including 5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline (APHEN), iminodiacetic acid (IDA), and iminodimethyl phosphonic acid (IDP). The performance of the resulting microreactors in Suzuki−Miyaura cross-coupling reactions was evaluated, finding that the poly(GMA-co-EDMA) monolith chemically modified with 5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline as a binding site for the palladium catalyst provided an excellent flow-through performance, enabling highly efficient and rapid reactions with high product yields. Moreover, this monolithic microreactor maintained its good activity and efficiency during prolonged use.

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3

Nagaki, Aiichiro, Katsuyuki Hirose, Yuya Moriwaki, Masahiro Takumi, Yusuke Takahashi, Koji Mitamura, Kimihiro Matsukawa, Norio Ishizuka, and Jun-ichi Yoshida. "Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Using Monolithic Pd Reactors and Scaling-Up by Series Connection of the Reactors." Catalysts 9, no. 3 (March 25, 2019): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9030300.

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The space integration of the lithiation of aryl halides, the borylation of aryllithiums, and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling using a Pd catalyst supported by a polymer monolith flow reactor without using an intentionally added base was achieved. To scale up the process, a series connection of the monolith Pd reactor was examined. To suppress the increase in the pressure drop caused by the series connection, a monolith reactor having larger pore sizes was developed by varying the temperature of the monolith preparation. The monolithic Pd reactor having larger pore sizes enabled Suzuki–Miyaura coupling at a higher flow rate because of a lower pressure drop and, therefore, an increase in productivity. The present study indicates that series connection of the reactors with a higher flow rate serves as a good method for increasing the productivity without decreasing the yields.

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4

Jüttner, Matthias, Andreas Pflug, Markus Wick, and Wolfgang M. Rucker. "Experimental evaluation of numerical errors for multi-physics coupling methods using disparate meshes." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 36, no. 5 (September 4, 2017): 1517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-02-2017-0072.

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Purpose Multiphysics problems are solved either with monolithic or segregated approaches. For accomplishing contrary discretisation requirements of the physics, disparate meshes are essential. This paper is comparing experimental results of different interpolation methods for a segregated coupling with monolithic approaches, implemented using a global and a local nearest neighbour method. The results show the significant influence of discretisation for multiphysics simulation. Design/methodology/approach Applying disparate meshes to the monolithic as well as the segregated calculation of finite element problems and evaluating the related numerical error is content of the contribution. This is done by an experimental evaluation of a source and a material coupling applied to a multiphysics problem. After an introduction to the topic, the evaluated multiphysics model is described based on two bidirectional coupled problems and its finite element representation. Afterwards, the considered methods for approximating the coupling are introduced. Then, the evaluated methods are described and the experimental results are discussed. A summary concludes this work. Findings An experimental evaluation of the numerical errors for different multiphysics coupling methods using disparate meshes is presented based on a bidirectional electro-thermal simulation. Different methods approximating the coupling values are introduced and challenges of applying these methods are given. It is also shown, that the approximation of the coupling integrals is expensive. Arguments for applying the different methods to the monolithic and the segregated solution strategies are given and applied on the example. The significant influence of the mesh density within the coupled meshes is shown. Since the projection and the interpolation methods do influence the result, a careful decision is advised. Originality/value In this contribution, existing coupling methods are described, applied and compared on their application for coupling disparate meshes within a multiphysics simulation. Knowing their performance is relevant when deciding for a monolithic or a segregated calculation approach with respect to physics dependent contrary discretisation requirements. To the authors’ knowledge, it is the first time these methods are compared with a focus on an application in multiphysics simulations and experimental results are discussed.

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5

Yu, Yun Seop, and Sung Kyu Lim. "Device Coupling Effects of Monolithic 3D Inverters." Journal of information and communication convergence engineering 14, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.6109/jicce.2016.14.1.040.

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6

Huclová, Jitka, Dalibor Šatı&#x;nský, and Rolf Karlı&#x;ček. "Coupling of monolithic columns with sequential injection technique." Analytica Chimica Acta 494, no. 1-2 (October 2003): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(03)00902-4.

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7

González, A. J., A. Peiró, P. Conde, L. Hernández, L. Moliner, A. Orero, M. J. Rodríguez-Álvarez, et al. "Monolithic crystals for PET devices: Optical coupling optimization." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 731 (December 2013): 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2013.05.049.

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8

Ahn, Donghwan, Ching-yin Hong, Lionel C. Kimerling, and Jurgen Michel. "Coupling efficiency of monolithic, waveguide-integrated Si photodetectors." Applied Physics Letters 94, no. 8 (February 23, 2009): 081108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3089359.

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9

Rothe, Steffen, Patrick Erbts, Alexander Düster, and Stefan Hartmann. "Monolithic and partitioned coupling schemes for thermo-viscoplasticity." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 293 (August 2015): 375–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2015.05.002.

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10

Monguchi, Yasunari, Fumika Wakayama, Shun Ueda, Ryo Ito, Hitoshi Takada, Hiroshi Inoue, Akira Nakamura, Yoshinari Sawama, and Hironao Sajiki. "Amphipathic monolith-supported palladium catalysts for chemoselective hydrogenation and cross-coupling reactions." RSC Advances 7, no. 4 (2017): 1833–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra24769e.

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11

Ahn, Choi, Lim, and Yu. "Electrical Coupling and Simulation of Monolithic 3D Logic Circuits and Static Random Access Memory." Micromachines 10, no. 10 (September 23, 2019): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10100637.

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In order to simulate a circuit by applying various logic circuits and full chip using the HSPICE model, which can consider electrical coupling proposed in the previous research, it is investigated whether additional electrical coupling other than electrical coupling by top and bottom layer exists. Additional electrical coupling were verified through device simulation and confirmed to be blocked by heavily doped source/drain. Comparing the HSPICE circuit simulation results using the newly proposed monolithic 3D NAND (M3DNAND) structure in the technology computer-aided design (TCAD) mixed-mode and monolithic 3D inverter (M3DINV) unit cell model was once more verified. It is possible to simulate various logic circuits using the previously proposed M3DINV unit cell model. We simulated the operation and performances of M3DNAND, M3DNOR, 2 × 1 multiplexer (MUX), D flip-flop (D-FF), and static random access memry (SRAM).

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12

Takeyama, Tomohide, Shinya Tachibana, Tomoki Kitanoi, and Atsushi Iizuka. "Application of Partitioned Iterative Coupling Approach to Multi-physics." Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction 8, no. 1 (February 15, 2019): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jcec.2019.8.1.13.

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The engineering needs which have to consider the multi-physics are increasing. When the multi-phase problem is treated by monolithic coupling approach, there are some difficulties such as the increase in the number of degree of freedom, the complication of the program code and so on. In order to overcome these shortcomings in considering the new additional phase, we applied the partitioned iterative coupling approach to the Hydro-Mechanical coupled problem in this research. In the partitioned iterative coupling approach, the behavior of single phases can be individually calculated and the interaction between the phases has been considered at an appropriate timing by the middleware. The middleware plays a role to regulate the single-phase analysis. In this research, we carried out the numerical simulation of one-dimensional consolidation by both the partitioned iterative coupling scheme and the monolithic coupling scheme, and then we confirmed that the numerical results are the same. Through the research, it figured out the efficient iterative scheme.

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13

Nagaki, A., K. Hirose, Y. Moriwaki, K. Mitamura, K. Matsukawa, N. Ishizuka, and J. Yoshida. "Integration of borylation of aryllithiums and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling using monolithic Pd catalyst." Catalysis Science & Technology 6, no. 13 (2016): 4690–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cy02098k.

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14

Andrews, Clark, Yirong Lin, Haixiong Tang, and Henry A. Sodano. "Influence of aspect ratio on effective electromechanical coupling of nanocomposites with lead zirconate titanate nanowire inclusion." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 22, no. 16 (August 1, 2011): 1879–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x11416025.

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Piezoelectric ceramics offer exceptional sensing and actuation properties, however, they are prone to breakage and are difficult to apply to curved surfaces in their monolithic form. One method to alleviate these issues is through the use of 0–3 active composites, which are formed by embedding piezoelectric particles into a polymer matrix that protects the ceramic from breaking under mechanical loading. This class of material offers certain advantages over monolithic materials; however, they have seen little use due to the low electromechanical coupling offered by these materials. Here, we demonstrate that by controlling the aspect ratio of the filler, the electromechanical coupling coefficient can be significantly improved. For all volume fractions tested, nanocomposites with high aspect ratio lead nanowires filler had higher coupling with increases as large as 2.3 times. Furthermore, the nanocomposite’s coupling was more than 50% of the piezoceramic fillers’ when nanowires were used.

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15

Gruszczynski, Slawomir, Robert Smolarz, Changying Wu, and Krzysztof Wincza. "Monolithic Miniaturized Differentially-Fed Branch-Line Directional Coupler in GaAs Monolithic Technology." Electronics 9, no. 3 (March 6, 2020): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9030446.

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In this paper, a design of a miniaturized branch-line directional coupler is presented. The coupler is designed with balanced coupled-line sections, which are electrically shortened by the application of lumped capacitors. To measure the parameters of the coupler, appropriate baluns have been designed. The coupler has been designed in a GaAs PH25 UMS (united monolithic semiconductor) technology with the center frequency of 24 GHz. The measured power split equals 3 dB with the transmission/coupling imbalance not exceeding 0.6 dB. The measured return losses equal 17 dB at the center frequency, whereas the isolation reaches 17 dB. The fabricated coupler‘s size equals 630 um × 487 um, which is 0.19 of the full size of the directional coupler in the chosen technology (1191 um × 1170 um).

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16

Feng, Nianyun, Shujuan Wu, Danna Song, Yimeng Li, Naijia Lu, Lei Sun, Tie Yu, An Li, and Weiqiao Deng. "Conjugated microporous polymer foams with excellent thermal insulation performance in a humid environment." RSC Advances 11, no. 23 (2021): 13957–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra01616d.

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17

Wang, Wen Pu, Zhen Zhou, Li Shuang Feng, Bao Yin Yao, and Gong Liu Yang. "Design of Monolithic Differential Quartz Vibrating Beam Accelerometer with Optimized Electrode Layout." Key Engineering Materials 562-565 (July 2013): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.562-565.322.

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The electrode layout determines the piezoelectric performance of quartz resonator and directly affects the precision of the quartz VBA. We presented a novel monolithic differential quartz VBA with optimized electrode layout and solved the lock-in problem due to mechanical coupling. Based on the mass-equivalent system, an analytical model was developed and the uncoupling condition of the monolithic differential quartz VBA was deduced. Then we proposed five different electrode layouts and the optimum one was determined via simulation of piezoelectric and harmonic characteristics of quartz resonator with ANSYS. As a result, the mechanical coupling can be eliminated and at the same time, ±100 g measurement range and 80Hz/g scale factor can be achieved. The optimum electrode layout can drive quartz resonator in the desired modal. The presented device with advantages of miniaturization, low mechanical coupling, none assembly errors and high electromechanical coupling efficiency is very promising in the high-precision quartz VBA.

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18

Chawla, Jaspreet, Sven Schardt, Sofia Angeli, Patrick Lott, Steffen Tischer, Lubow Maier, and Olaf Deutschmann. "Oxidative Coupling of Methane over Pt/Al2O3 at High Temperature: Multiscale Modeling of the Catalytic Monolith." Catalysts 12, no. 2 (February 2, 2022): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12020189.

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At high temperatures, the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) is an attractive approach for catalytic conversion of methane into value-added chemicals. Experiments with a Pt/Al2O3-coated catalytic honeycomb monolith were conducted with varying CH4/O2 ratios, N2 dilution at atmospheric pressure, and very short contact times. The reactor was modeled by a multiscale approach using a parabolic two-dimensional flow field description in the monolithic channels coupled with a heat balance of the monolithic structure, and multistep surface reaction mechanisms as well as elementary-step, gas phase reaction mechanisms. The contribution of heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions, both of which are important for the optimization of C2 products, is investigated using a combination of experimental and computational methods. The oxidation of methane, which takes place over the platinum catalyst, causes the adiabatic temperature increase required for the generation of CH3 radicals in the gas phase, which are essential for the formation of C2 species. Lower CH4/O2 ratios result in higher C2 selectivity. However, the presence of OH radicals at high temperatures facilitates subsequent conversion of C2H2 at a CH4/O2 ratio of 1.4. Thereby, C2 species selectivity of 7% was achieved at CH4/O2 ratio of 1.6, with 35% N2 dilution.

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19

Michorczyk, P., E. Hędrzak, and A. Węgrzyniak. "Preparation of monolithic catalysts using 3D printed templates for oxidative coupling of methane." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 48 (2016): 18753–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta08629b.

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20

Sebald, K., M. Seyfried, S. Klembt, S. Bley, A. Rosenauer, D. Hommel, and C. Kruse. "Strong coupling in monolithic microcavities with ZnSe quantum wells." Applied Physics Letters 100, no. 16 (April 16, 2012): 161104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4704188.

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21

Sebald, K., M. Seyfried, S. Klembt, C. Kruse, T. Aschenbrenner, D. Hommel, S. Bley, A. Rosenauer, and J. Gutowski. "Blue lasing and strong coupling in ZnSe monolithic microcavities." physica status solidi (c) 10, no. 9 (June 7, 2013): 1230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201200745.

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22

Rochus, V., D. J. Rixen, and J. C. Golinval. "Monolithic modelling of electro-mechanical coupling in micro-structures." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 65, no. 4 (2005): 461–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1450.

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23

Karimi, S., and K. B. Nakshatrala. "On multi-time-step monolithic coupling algorithms for elastodynamics." Journal of Computational Physics 273 (September 2014): 671–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2014.05.034.

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24

Koyankin, A. A., and V. M. Mitasov. "Keyway Coupling of Light Monolithic and Heavy Precast Concrete." Вестник Сибирского государственного университета путей сообщения, no. 1 (2021): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52170/1815-9262_2021_56_86.

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25

Bigi, Nedeleg, Kostia Roncin, Jean-Baptiste Leroux, and Yves Parlier. "Ship Towed by Kite: Investigation of the Dynamic Coupling." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8070486.

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This paper presents a series of dynamic simulations for a ship towed by kite. To ensure time efficient computations, seakeeping analysis with forward speed correction factors is carried out in the frequency domain and then transformed in the time domain by convolution. The seakeeping modeling is coupled with a zero-mass kite modeling assuming linear dependence of aerodynamic characteristics with respect to turning rate. Decoupled (segregated) and coupled (monolithic) approaches are assessed and compared in different environmental conditions. Results show that in regular beam waves, strong interactions between the kite and the ship motions are captured by the monolithic approach. Around the wave frequency, especially for the lower one tested (0.4 rad/s), a kite lock-in phenomenon is revealed. It is concluded that the mean kite towing force can be increased whereas the ship roll amplitude can even be decreased compared to a non-kite assisted ship propulsion configuration.

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26

Zhang, Zhao, and Sheng Fu Ji. "Preparation of Li/MgO Monolithic Catalysts and their Performance for Oxidative Coupling of Methane." Advanced Materials Research 1004-1005 (August 2014): 648–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1004-1005.648.

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A series of Li/MgO/Al2O3/FeCrAl monolithic catalyst with different Li contents were prepared by a wetness impregnation method. The effects of Li contents in the catalysts and reaction conditions such as GHSV and CH4/O2 on the OCM reaction were investigated. The results show that the conversion of CH4 and selectivity of C2 was 38.3% and 27.1%, respectively, which were obtained on the 5%Li/MgO/Al2O3/FeCrAl monolithic catalysts at 850 oC with a GHSV of 24000 mL·g-1·h-1 and CH4/O2 of 2.

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27

Abouorm, Lara, Nicolas Moulin, Julien Bruchon, and Sylvain Drapier. "Monolithic Approach of Stokes-Darcy Coupling for LCM Process Modelling." Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (June 2013): 447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.447.

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28

Nathan, M., O. Levy, I. Goldfarb, and A. Ruzin. "Monolithic coupling of a SU8 waveguide to a silicon photodiode." Journal of Applied Physics 94, no. 12 (2003): 7932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1625778.

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29

Strauss, G., and W. S. Menzel. "Millimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuit interconnects using electromagnetic field coupling." IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging, and Manufacturing Technology: Part B 19, no. 2 (May 1996): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/96.496029.

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30

Patkar, Saket, Mridul Aanjaneya, Wenlong Lu, Michael Lentine, and Ronald Fedkiw. "Towards positivity preservation for monolithic two-way solid–fluid coupling." Journal of Computational Physics 312 (May 2016): 82–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2016.02.010.

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31

Zhao, Kunchen, and Dimitra Psychogiou. "Monolithically-integrated 3D printed coaxial bandpass filters and RF diplexers: single-band and dual-band." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 14, no. 3 (November 5, 2021): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078721001471.

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AbstractThe manuscript reports on additively-manufactured (AM) coaxial-resonator-based bandpass filters (BPFs) and RF diplexers. A monolithic integration concept using stereolithography apparatus (SLA) is proposed and discussed in detail. Coupled-resonator-based synthesis alongside full-electromagnetic-based design methods is used for the design of the monolithic filters and RF diplexers. In particular, the paper discusses a new external coupling mechanism for dual-band BPFs that allow to independently control the coupling in each of the BPF passbands. Furthermore, a novel coaxial transmission line-type T-junction is proposed for the design of single- and dual-band RF diplexers. For practical validation purposes, multiple BPF and RF diplexer prototypes were designed, manufactured and tested at S- and C-band demonstrating the applicability of the proposed concept to low-cost, low-loss and low-weight RF components with complex geometrical features.

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32

Raj, Vinay, and Ravichandra Sadam. "A Framework for Migration of SOA based Applications to Microservices Architecture." Journal of Computer Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (October 21, 2021): e18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/16666038.21.e18.

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This Distributed systems have evolved rapidly as the demand for independent design, and deployment ofsoftware applications has increased. It has emerged from the monolithic style of client-server architecture toservice-oriented architecture, and then to the trending microservices. Monolithic applications are difficult toupdate, maintain, and deploy as it makes the application code very complex to understand. To overcome the designand deployment challenges in monolithic applications, service oriented architecture has emerged as a style ofdecomposing the entire application into loosely coupled, scalable, and interoperable services. Though SOA hasbecome popular in the integration of multiple applications using the enterprise service bus, there are fewchallenges related to delivery, deployment, governance, and interoperability of services. Additionally, the servicesin SOA applications are tending towards monolithic in size with the increase in changing user requirements. Toovercome the design and maintenance challenges in SOA, microservices has emerged as a new architectural styleof designing applications with loose coupling, independent deployment, and scalability as key features.

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Ahn, Tae Jun, and Yun Seop Yu. "Electrical Coupling of Monolithic 3D Inverters (M3INVs): MOSFET and Junctionless FET." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010277.

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In this paper, we investigated the electrical coupling between the top and bottom transistors in a monolithic 3-dimensional (3D) inverter (M3INV) stacked vertically with junctionless field-effect transistor (JLFET), which is one of candidates to replace metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFET). Currents, transconductances, and gate capacitances of the top N-type transistor at the different gate voltages of the bottom P-type transistor as a function of thickness of inter-layer dielectric (TILD) and gate channel length (Lg) are simulated using technology computer-aided-design (TCAD). In M3INV stacked vertically with MOSFET (M3INV-MOS) and JLFET (M3INV-JL), the variations of threshold voltage, transconductance, and capacitance increase as TILD decreases and they increase as Lg increases, and thus there is a strong coupling in M3INV at the range of TILD ≤ 30 nm. In M3INV, the coupling between stacked JLFETs in M3INV-JL is larger than that between MOSFETs in M3INV-MOS at the same TILD and Lg. The switching threshold voltage (Vm) and noise margins (NMs) of M3INV are calculated from the voltage transfer characteristics (VTC) simulated with TCAD mixed-mode. As the gate lengths of M3INV-MOS and M3INV-JL increase, the Vm variations increase and decrease, respectively. The smaller the gate lengths of M3INV-NOS and M3INV-JL, the larger and smaller the variation of Vm, respectively. The noise margin of M3INV-MOS is larger and better for inverter characteristics than one of M3INV-JL. M3INV-MOS has less electrical coupling than M3INV-JL.

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34

Milić, Miloš, and Dragana Makajić-Nikolić. "Development of a Quality-Based Model for Software Architecture Optimization: A Case Study of Monolith and Microservice Architectures." Symmetry 14, no. 9 (September 2, 2022): 1824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14091824.

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Various architectures can be applied in software design. The aim of this research is to examine a typical implementation of Jakarta EE monolithic and microservice software architectures in the context of software quality attributes. Software quality standards are used to define quality models, as well as quality characteristics and sub-characteristics, i.e., software quality attributes. This paper evaluates monolithic and microservice architectures in the context of Coupling, Testability, Security, Complexity, Deployability, and Availability quality attributes. The performed examinations yielded a quality-based mixed integer goal programming mathematical model for software architecture optimization. The model incorporates various software metrics and considers their maximal, minimal or targeted values, as well as upper and lower deviations. The objective is the sum of all deviations, which should be minimal. Considering the presented model, a solution which incorporated multiple monoliths and microservices was defined. This way, the internal structure of the software is defined in a consistent and symmetrical context, while the external software behavior remains unchanged. In addition, an intersection point of monolithic and microservice software architectures, where software metrics obtain the same values, was introduced. Within the intersection point, either one of the architectures can be applied. With the exception of some metrics, an increase in the number of features leads to a value increase of software metrics in microservice software architecture, whilst these values are constant in monolithic software architecture. An increase in the number of features indicated a quality attribute’s importance for the software system should be examined and an appropriate architecture should be selected accordingly. Finally, practical recommendations regarding software architectures in terms of software quality were given. Since each software system needs to meet non-functional in addition to functional requirements, a quality-driven software engineering can be established.

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35

Wang, Yulei, Meng Mei, Xiaojia Huang, and Dongxing Yuan. "Preparation of monolithic fibers based on dual functional monomers for solid-phase microextraction of sudan dyes in tomato sauce and egg yolk samples." Analytical Methods 7, no. 2 (2015): 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ay02279c.

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New monolithic fibers based on dual functional monomers were prepared and applied to the solid-phase microextraction and determination of sudan dyes (I, II, III and IV) in tomato sauce and egg yolk samples by coupling with high-performance liquid chromatography.

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36

Gili, Valerio Flavio, Luca Carletti, Fares Chouchane, Guillaume Wang, Christian Ricolleau, Davide Rocco, Aristide Lemaître, et al. "Role of the substrate in monolithic AlGaAs nonlinear nanoantennas." Nanophotonics 7, no. 2 (June 24, 2017): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2017-0026.

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AbstractWe report the effect of the aluminum oxide substrate on the emission of monolithic AlGaAs-on-insulator nonlinear nanoantennas. By coupling nonlinear optical measurements with electron diffraction and microscopy observations, we find that the oxidation-induced stress causes negligible crystal deformation in the AlGaAs nanostructures and only plays a minor role in the polarization state of the harmonic field. This result highlights the reliability of the wet oxidation of thick AlGaAs optical substrates and further confirms the bulk χ(2) origin of second harmonic generation at 1.55 μm in these nanoantennas, paving the way for the development of AlGaAs-on-insulator monolithic metasurfaces.

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Zetterlund, E., A. Loriette, C. Sterner, M. Eriksson, H. Eriksson-Quist, and W. Margulis. "Gemini Fiber for Interferometry and Sensing Applications." Journal of Sensors 2009 (2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/196380.

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A novel type of fiber for sensing applications is introduced based on a plurality of individual fiber preforms drawn together but maintaining their original shape. The individual cores of the Gemini fiber can be addressed at input and output ends through splicing to stand-alone fibers. Thermal coupling between cores is sufficient to eliminate relative thermal effects. Fabrication, coupling and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) studies are discussed. The possibility to connect in a single splice more than one fiber to the Gemini fiber is introduced as being highly advantageous. A conventional splicer can be used, the loss is acceptable and the operation takes minutes. Sensing with Gemini fibers is discussed mainly with the incorporation of fiber Bragg gratings. Another advantage of the concept of the Gemini fiber discussed is the possibility to make monolithic fiber interferometers of nearly equal arm lengths. A large number of new options are opened by the monolithic multicore fiber design, where access to individual cores is straightforward.

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Jung, Cheolsoo, Tetsuya Aoyama, Tatsuo Wada, Hiroyuki Sasabe, Mitsutoshi Jikei, and Masa-Aki Kakimoto. "The Photorefractive Effect in Monolithic Structural Polyimides." High Performance Polymers 12, no. 1 (March 2000): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-0083/12/1/317.

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We report here the photorefractive effect in monolithic structural polyimides containing the triphenylamino-( p-nitrophenyl)-ethylene group as a nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophore and hole transfer. Three types of polyimides were synthesized to control the loading ratio of the NLO chromophore; 50, 30 and 17 mol% for polyimides 1, 2 and 3 respectively. In the two-beam coupling experiment, asymmetric energy transfer was observed in the case of polyimides 1 and 2, providing evidence for a phaseshifted grating after corona-poling treatment, whereas the energy transfer of polyimide 3 was not observed. This result denotes that the NLO chromophore plays an important role in monolithic photorefractive materials, and a greater than 30 mol% concentration of NLO chromophore is required for creating sufficient space charge distribution.

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Xia, Dunzhu, and Lei Xu. "Coupling Mechanism Analysis and Fabrication of Triaxial Gyroscopes in Monolithic MIMU." Micromachines 8, no. 10 (October 16, 2017): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi8100310.

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Mu, Jinfeng, Meindert Dijkstra, and Sonia M. Garcia-Blanco. "Resonant Coupling for Active–Passive Monolithic Integration of Al2O3 and Si3N4." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 31, no. 10 (May 15, 2019): 771–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2019.2907535.

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Aoki, Takao, Barak Dayan, E. Wilcut, W. P. Bowen, A. S. Parkins, T. J. Kippenberg, K. J. Vahala, and H. J. Kimble. "Observation of strong coupling between one atom and a monolithic microresonator." Nature 443, no. 7112 (October 2006): 671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05147.

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Saito, Yuya, and Dejan S. Filipovic. "Analysis and Design of Monolithic Rectangular Coaxial Lines for Minimum Coupling." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 55, no. 12 (December 2007): 2521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2007.910092.

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Zanyun Zhang, Beiju Huang, Zan Zhang, Chuantong Cheng, and Hongda Chen. "Monolithic Integrated Silicon Photonic Interconnect With Perfectly Vertical Coupling Optical Interface." IEEE Photonics Journal 5, no. 5 (October 2013): 6601711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2013.2281978.

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Lee, Dongjin, Sourav Das, Janardhan Rao Doppa, Partha Pratim Pande, and Krishnendu Chakrabarty. "Impact of Electrostatic Coupling on Monolithic 3D-enabled Network on Chip." ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems 24, no. 6 (November 14, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3357158.

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Lan, Dongchen, and Martin A. Green. "Equivalent circuit analysis of radiative coupling in monolithic tandem solar cells." Applied Physics Letters 106, no. 26 (June 29, 2015): 263902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4923209.

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Bruchmann, C., B. Höfer, P. Schreiber, R. Eberhardt, W. Buss, T. Peschel, S. Gebhardt, A. Tünnermann, and E. Beckert. "Fabrication and characterization of a monolithic piezoelectric actuator for fiber coupling." Microsystem Technologies 14, no. 4-5 (December 8, 2007): 683–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00542-007-0472-4.

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Walhorn, E., A. Kölke, B. Hübner, and D. Dinkler. "Fluid–structure coupling within a monolithic model involving free surface flows." Computers & Structures 83, no. 25-26 (September 2005): 2100–2111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2005.03.010.

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Fröch, Johannes E., Lesley P. Spencer, Mehran Kianinia, Daniel D. Totonjian, Minh Nguyen, Andreas Gottscholl, Vladimir Dyakonov, Milos Toth, Sejeong Kim, and Igor Aharonovich. "Coupling Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride to Monolithic Bullseye Cavities." Nano Letters 21, no. 15 (July 21, 2021): 6549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01843.

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Servan-Camas, Borja, D. Daniel Di-Capua, Julio Garcia-Espinosa, and Daniel Sa-Lopez. "Fully 3D ship hydroelasticity: Monolithic versus partitioned strategies for tight coupling." Marine Structures 80 (November 2021): 103098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2021.103098.

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NISHIDE, JUN-ICHI, HIROMI KIMURA-SUDA, TOSHIRO IMAI, HIROYUKI SASABE, and YUTAKA KAWABE. "PHOTOREFRACTIVE POLYMER WITH HIGH OPTICAL GAIN UNDER NON-ELECTRIC FIELD." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 19, no. 04 (December 2010): 629–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863510005522.

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We developed new composite polymer system with monolithic azo dye substances (NACzE and NACzH) and high optical quality polymer hosts (PMMA and PEMA), and obtained quite high photorefractive performances of two beam coupling (2BC) gain 451 cm-1 (PMMA/NACzE) and 340 cm-1 (PEMA/NACzH), respectively, without applying external electric field.

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