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1
Grepl, Filip. "Aplikace pro řízení paralelního zpracování dat." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445490.
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This work deals with the design and implementation of a system for parallel execution of tasks in the Knowledge Technology Research Group. The goal is to create a web application that allows to control their processing and monitor runs of these tasks including the use of system resources. The work first analyzes the current method of parallel data processing and the shortcomings of this solution. Then the work describes the existing tools including the problems that their test deployment revealed. Based on this knowledge, the requirements for a new application are defined and the design of the entire system is created. After that the selected parts of implementation and the way of the whole system testing is described together with the comparison of the efficiency with the original system.
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Solaiman, Ellis. "Contract representation for validation and run time monitoring." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2002.
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Organisations are increasingly using the Internet to offer their own services and to utilise the services of others. This naturally leads to resource sharing across organisational boundaries. Nevertheless, organisations will require their interactions with other organisations to be strictly controlled. In the paper-based world, business interactions, information exchange and sharing have been conducted under the control of contracts that the organisations sign. The world of electronic business needs to emulate electronic equivalents of the contract based business management practices. This thesis examines how a 'conventional' contract can be converted into its electronic equivalent and how it can be used for controlling business interactions taking place through computer messages. To implement a contract electronically, a conventional text contract needs to be described in a mathematically precise notation so that the description can be subjected to rigorous analysis and freed from the ambiguities that the original humanoriented text is likely to contain. Furthermore, a suitable run time infrastructure is required for monitoring the executable version of the contract. To address these issues, this thesis describes how standard conventional contracts can be converted into Finite State Machines (FSMs). It is illustrated how to map the rights and obligations extracted from the clauses of the contract into the states, transition and output functions, and input and output symbols of a FSM. The thesis then goes on to develop a list of correctness properties that a typical executable business contract should satisfy. A contract model should be validated against safety properties, which specify situations that the contract must not get into (such as deadlocks, unreachable states ... etc), and liveness properties, which detail qualities that would be desirable for the contract to contain (responsiveness, accessibility ... etc). The FSM description can then be subjected to model checking. This is demonstrated with the aid of examples using the Promela language and the Spin validator. Subsequently, the FSM representation can be used to ensure that the clauses stipulated in the contract are observed when the contract is executed. The requirements of a suitable run time infrastructure for monitoring contract compliance are discussed and a prototype middleware implementation is presented.
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Dingwall-Smith, Andrew Ross. "Run-time monitoring of goal-oriented requirements specification." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444624/.
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The environment in which a software system operates is as important to the correct operation of the system as the software itself. Most software development involves making assumptions about the environment in which the resulting system will operate. These assumptions may cease to be valid if the environment changes, causing the system to fail to operate correctly. One solution to this problem is to use run-time requirements monitoring to deter mine, as a system operates, whether it is satisfying the requirements specified for it and to take action to rectify these problems. This thesis describes work that has been carried out in the area of run-time requirements monitoring. A framework has been developed for monitoring requirements which are formally specified using temporal logic and the KAOS goal-oriented requirements specification language. The framework uses AspecU to instrument the monitored system so that events are emitted which are used to determine whether the monitored system satisfies the requirements specification. The framework also provides a language which can specify a mapping between requirements and implementation which can be used to generate instrumentation code. The monitoring framework supports monitoring of soft goals by allowing the formal specification of metrics which can be used to determine whether soft goals are in fact being satisfied. These contributions are validated using a workforce scheduling system as a case study. This is a real world system and the requirements monitored were those considered useful by the developers of the system. The case study shows that the monitoring framework can be used to instrument a system to monitor hard and soft goals and that those goals can be monitored with reasonable performance overhead. Goal failures due to changes in the environment can be detected using the information supplied by the monitoring framework.
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Blakely, Megan Jayne. "Born to Run - Dual Task Cognitive Effects of Ecological Unconstrained Running." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9226.
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The interaction between exercise and cognitive task performance has been previously examined using cycle ergometer and treadmill running tasks. The interaction between natural (non-constrained) exercise and cognitive task performance has, however, been well less examined. An example of a natural exercise task would be running outdoors on a steep trail where route selection and foot placement are critical for the runner. The performance of runners is examined in a dual trail-running and working memory task. The working memory task involved counting tones, and was performed at both a low workload, in which they were asked to count every fourth low frequency tone and a high workload in which they were asked to count every fourth low, medium and high frequency tone. In experiment 1, runners performed the tone-counting tasks both while running on a steep trail with uneven terrain and while seated (control conditions). In addition, they ran the trail without a cognitive task load. Running distance and counting accuracy significantly decreased during the dual task trials, there was a linear trend the run distance decreased as the task got harder. As the secondary cognitive task demand increased running performance decreased (linear trend). Cognitive performance was only significantly impaired while running for the hard cognitive task (for the easy cognitive task there was no statistically significant difference). Participants reported an increased workload in the dual run-counting task conditions when compared with the seated task conditions. Reports of task focus and feeling of being spent (exhausted) also varied across task conditions. In experiment 2 unconstrained running was conducted in the same manner, on a flat-even terrain track to establish if the route selection and scanning required to negotiate uneven terrain was causing the dual-task interference, or if there is a general interference effect caused by the self-regulatory demands of running, or the direct demands of running itself (exercise). The linear trend of decreased running performance with increased secondary cognitive demand was similar to experiment 1 - the more cognitive load the less distance traveled. The effect on the cognitive task was, however, not evident in experiment 2; there was no statistically significant difference between cognitive task performance in the dual and single-task conditions. The findings outlined in these experiments, demonstrate dual cognitive tasks have a negative effect on running performance, and the cognitive task may also be affected depending on running intensity, particularly where self-paced natural running over terrain is coupled with complex cognitive tasks.
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Konstantinou, Eirini. "Vision-based construction worker task productivity monitoring." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273539.
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Over the past decades, the construction industry lags further and further behind the manufacturing sector when productivity is considered. This is due to internal factors that take place on-site. Almost all of them are directly related to the way that productivity is monitored. Current practices for monitoring labour productivity are labour intensive, time - cost consuming and error prone. They are mainly reactive processes initiated after the detection of a negatively influencing factor. Although research studies have been performed towards leveraging these limitations, a gap still exists in monitoring labour productivity of multiple workers at the same time accurately, unobtrusively, cost and time efficiently. This thesis proposes a framework to address this gap. It hypothesizes that task productivity of construction workers can be monitored through their trajectory data. The proposed framework uses as input, video data streamed from cameras with overlapping field of view. It consists of two main methods. The output of the first is the input of the second. The first method tracks the location of workers across the range of a jobsite over time and returns their 4D trajectories. Such type of tracking requires that workers are matched under a unique ID not only across successive frames of a single camera (intra tracking) but also across multiple cameras (inter tracking). Existing tag-less studies fail to track construction workers due to the challenging nature of their working environments. Therefore, two novel computer vision-based algorithms are developed to perform both the intra and the inter camera tracking. The second method of the proposed framework converts the 4D trajectories of workers into productivity information. These trajectories are clustered into work cycles with an accuracy of 95%, recall of 76% and precision of 76%. Such work cycles depict the actual execution of tasks. The overall proposed framework features an average accuracy of 95% in terms of determining the total time workers spend on construction-related tasks.
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Choi, Yuk-ming, and 蔡育明. "A run-time hardware task execution framework for FPGA-accelerated heterogeneous cluster." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206679.
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The era of big data has led to problems of unprecedented scale and complexity that are challenging the computing capability of conventional computer systems. One way to address the computational and communication challenges of such demanding applications is to incorporate the use of non-conventional hardware accelerators such as FPGAs into existing systems. By providing a mix of FPGAs and conventional CPUs as computing resources in a heterogeneous cluster, a distributed computing environment can be achieved to address the need of both compute-intensive and data-intensive applications. However, utilizing heterogeneous clusters requires application developers’ comprehensive knowledge on both hardware and software. In order to assist programmers to take advantage of the synergy between hardware and software easily, an easy-to-use framework for virtualizing the underlying FPGA computing resources of the heterogeneous cluster is motivated.
In this work, a heterogeneous cluster consisting of both FPGAs and CPUs was built and a framework for managing multiple FPGAs across the cluster was designed. The major contribution of the framework is to provide an abstraction layer between the application developer and the underlying FPGA computing resources, so as to improve the overall design productivity. An inter-FPGA communication system was implemented such that gateware executing on FPGAs can communicate with each other autonomously to the CPU. Furthermore, to demonstrate a real-life application on the heterogeneous cluster, a generic k-means clustering application was implemented, using the MapReduce programming model.
The implementation of the k-means application on multiple FPGAs was compared with a software-only version that was run on a Hadoop multi-core computer cluster. The performance results show that the FPGA version outperforms the Hadoop version across various parameters. An in-depth study on the communication bottleneck presented in the system was also carried out. A number of experiments were specifically designed to benchmark the performance of each I/O channel. The study shows that the major source of I/O bottleneck lies at the communication between the host system and the FPGA. This gives insight into programming considerations of potential applications on the cluster as well as improvement to the framework. Moreover, the benefit of multiple FPGAs was investigated through a series of experiments. Compared with putting all mappers on a single FPGA, it was found that distributing the same amount of mappers across more FPGAs can provide a tradeoff between FPGA resources and I/O performance.published_or_final_version
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Nallendran, Vignesh Raja. "Predicting Performance Run-time Metrics in Fog Manufacturing using Multi-task Learning." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102501.
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The integration of Fog-Cloud computing in manufacturing has given rise to a new paradigm called Fog manufacturing. Fog manufacturing is a form of distributed computing platform that integrates Fog-Cloud collaborative computing strategy to facilitate responsive, scalable, and reliable data analysis in manufacturing networks. The computation services provided by Fog-Cloud computing can effectively support quality prediction, process monitoring, and diagnosis efforts in a timely manner for manufacturing processes. However, the communication and computation resources for Fog-Cloud computing are limited in Fog manufacturing. Therefore, it is significant to effectively utilize the computation services based on the optimal computation task offloading, scheduling, and hardware autoscaling strategies to finish the computation tasks on time without compromising on the quality of the computation service. A prerequisite for adapting such optimal strategies is to accurately predict the run-time metrics (e.g., Time-latency) of the Fog nodes by capturing their inherent stochastic nature in real-time. It is because these run-time metrics are directly related to the performance of the computation service in Fog manufacturing. Specifically, since the computation flow and the data querying activities vary between the Fog nodes in practice. The run-time metrics that reflect the performance in the Fog nodes are heterogenous in nature and the performance cannot be effectively modeled through traditional predictive analysis. In this thesis, a multi-task learning methodology is adopted to predict the run-time metrics that reflect performance in Fog manufacturing by addressing the heterogeneities among the Fog nodes. A Fog manufacturing testbed is employed to evaluate the prediction accuracies of the proposed model
and benchmark models. The proposed model can be further extended in computation tasks offloading and architecture optimization in Fog manufacturing to minimize the time-latency and improve the robustness of the system.Master of Science
Smart manufacturing aims at utilizing Internet of things (IoT), data analytics, cloud computing, etc. to handle varying market demand without compromising the productivity or quality in a manufacturing plant. To support these efforts, Fog manufacturing has been identified as a suitable computing architecture to handle the surge of data generated from the IoT devices. In Fog manufacturing computational tasks are completed locally through the means of interconnected computing devices called Fog nodes. However, the communication and computation resources in Fog manufacturing are limited. Therefore, its effective utilization requires optimal strategies to schedule the computational tasks and assign the computational tasks to the Fog nodes. A prerequisite for adapting such strategies is to accurately predict the performance of the Fog nodes. In this thesis, a multi-task learning methodology is adopted to predict the performance in Fog manufacturing. Specifically, since the computation flow and the data querying activities vary between the Fog nodes in practice. The metrics that reflect the performance in the Fog nodes are heterogenous in nature and cannot be effectively modeled through conventional predictive analysis. A Fog manufacturing testbed is employed to evaluate the prediction accuracies of the proposed model and benchmark models. The results show that the multi-task learning model has better prediction accuracy than the benchmarks and that it can model the heterogeneities among the Fog nodes. The proposed model can further be incorporated in scheduling and assignment strategies to effectively utilize Fog manufacturing's computational services.
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Euler, Juliane [Verfasser], Oskar von [Akademischer Betreuer] Stryk, and Rui [Akademischer Betreuer] Rocha. "Optimal Cooperative Control of UAVs for Dynamic Data-Driven Monitoring Tasks / Juliane Euler ; Oskar von Stryk, Rui Rocha." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1151638811/34.
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Ammi, Sabrina. "How reader and task characteristics influence young readers' comprehension monitoring." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2015. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/83213/.
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Comprehension monitoring is defined as the process by which reader’s evaluate and regulate their understanding of text (e.g., Baker, 1985). Comprehension monitoring is an important component skill of reading comprehension (e.g., Cain, Oakhill & Bryant, 2004). Despite the importance of comprehension monitoring in reading comprehension, relatively little research has been undertaken to explore the development of comprehension monitoring or the task and reader characteristics critical to the development of this skill. To address this gap in the literature, this thesis explores the development of comprehension monitoring in children aged 7 to 10 years. A series of experiments are presented which explore monitoring of nonwords, general knowledge violations and internal inconsistencies using off-line and real-time measures. Experiments also explore the relationship between monitoring and working memory capacity. Findings reveal developmental differences in comprehension monitoring. Older children are better at correctly judging the sense of information and more likely to adjust their reading behaviour in relation to error information. It seems that both age groups undertake similar monitoring behaviours, albeit with different levels of success. A range of task and reader characteristics influence monitoring skill. Findings demonstrate that task instructions influence reading behaviour. Children undertake a more purposeful and careful reading of the text when alerted that texts may contain errors. Findings also demonstrate differences in children’s proficiency in adopting standards of evaluation. Children encounter most difficulties in adopting the internal consistency standard, perhaps because this standard requires children to integrate and compare the comprehensibility of information at the text-level. In addition, within error manipulations demonstrate that children use the explicitness of error information as a criterion for monitoring comprehension. Further, findings reveal that the relationship between comprehension monitoring and working memory capacity is relatively weak. Interestingly, these findings question the importance of working memory capacity as a source of monitoring difficulties. In the context of the situation model, these findings suggest that monitoring difficulties may arise from failures in constructing a richly elaborated situation model, rather than failures in updating the situation model.
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Rodriguez, Jennifer Marie. "Evaluating the Use of Task Clarification, Self-Monitoring and Performance Feedback." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3317.
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The effects of self-monitoring, task clarification, and performance feedback on the performance of critical tasks by assembly group supervisors in a manufacturing company were examined. This intervention involved the training of a supervisor to use task clarification, self-monitoring, and performance feedback to improve the work performance of the participating group leaders. A multiple baseline across participants and tasks design was used to examine the effects of the intervention. Measures included: generalization of group leader performance to another work period, procedural fidelity for training the supervisor, intervention integrity of the supervisor's training of the group leaders, treatment acceptability, and social validity. Results showed that the intervention was successful in increasing the overall task completion for both participating group leaders in multiple work intervals and that the intervention was implemented with fidelity and integrity.
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Summey, Connie. "Self-Monitoring to Increase On-Task Behavior Using the MotivAider®." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3450.
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Teachers often need simple ways to implement effective classroom interventions that reduce off-task behaviors for students with or without ADHD (Gaastra, Groen, Tucha, & Tucha, 2016). One intervention that is easy to use and can be implemented with minimal demand on teachers is self-monitoring (Amato-Zech, Hoff, & Doepke, 2006). One prompt that can be used in the classroom for self-monitoring is the MotivAider. The MotivAider is an electronic timer that vibrates to provide a tactile prompt to self-monitor (Amato-Zech et al., 2006). The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which the MotivAider, a tactile self-monitoring device, could be used to increase on-task behavior of students identified with ADHD and/or behavior disorders. Results from this study indicated that overall the student use of the MotivAider resulted in higher amounts of time on task than teacher use.
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Raghu, Kumbakonam S. "Taskmaster: an interactive, graphical environment for task specification, execution and monitoring." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43277.
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This thesis presents Taskmaster, an interactive, graphical environment for task specification, execution and monitoring. Taskmaster is an integrated user environment that employs a unique blend of the principles of Visual Programming, Tool Composition, Structured Analysis and Data Flow Computing to support user task specifications. Problem solving in the Taskmaster environment consists of decomposing the problem task into a partially ordered set of high-level subtasks. This decomposition is depicted graphically as a network in which the nodes correspond to the subtasks and the arcs represent the directed data paths between the nodes. The subtasks are successively decomposed into lower level subtasks until, at the lowest level, each network node is “bound” to a pre-existing tool from a tools database. Execution of the resulting network of software tools provides a task solution. Some of the novel features of the Taskmaster environment include 1) guidance to the user in the task specification process through menu-based interaction; 2) facility to interactively monitor the task network execution; 3) support for structured data flow among tools; and 4) enhanced support for reusability by providing operations to functionally abstract and reuse sub-networks of tools.Master of Science
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Ganesan, Rajesh. "Process monitoring and feedback control using multiresolution analysis and machine learning." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001248.
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Ulu, Buket. "Monitoring And Checking Of Discrete Event Simulations." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1053305/index.pdf.
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Discrete event simulation is a widely used technique for decision support. The
results of the simulation must be reliable for critical decision making problems.
Therefore, much research has concentrated on the verification and validation of
simulations. In this thesis, we apply a well-known dynamic verification
technique, assertion checking method, as a validation technique. Our aim is to
validate the particular runs of the simulation model, rather than the model itself.
As a case study, the operations of a manufacturing cell have been simulated. The
cell, which is METUCIM Laboratory at the Mechanical Engineering Department
of METU, has a robot and a conveyor to carry the materials, and two machines to
manufacture the items, and a quality control to measure the correctness of the
manufactured items.
This simulation is monitored and checked by using the Monitoring and Checking
(MaC) tool, a prototype developed at the University of Pennsylvania. The
separation of low-level implementation details (pertaining to the code) from the
high-level requirement specifications (pertaining to the simuland) helps keep
monitoring and checking the simulations at an abstract level.
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Zodda, Daniel J. "Joint Task Force Olympics : monitoring potential terrorists behavior via deceptive computer means." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5947.
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The purpose of this thesis is to deploy tactical deception via a public website. The perception is to have the website be a supportive tool for the Joint Task Force Olympics. In actuality, it will be used to collect various data from those who attempt to access the site. The goal is not to implement a secure, impenetrable computer site or to capture hackers. On the contrary, the preference is to entice individuals or groups to enter the site and study its contents in the hope that we may discover why and from where they have accessed this site, and what files or directories allured them. The objective is to implement a successful deception by following the guidelines of the JP 3-58, Joint Doctrine for Military Deception, which contributes to the successful achievement of military objectives. The deception is focused on people researching information on the Internet for potential terrorist use. Although there are many threats to national security, terrorism is currently the most deadly of threats using one of the most trusted monitors: the Internet. There exists a relationship between the Internet and terrorism, and this thesis intends to exploit it with.
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Cheung, Christopher Zodda Daniel J. "Joint Task Force Olympics : monitoring potential terrorists behavior via deceptive computer means /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FCheung.pdf.
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Geurten, Robert L. "Influence of heart rate monitor on performance in one mile run." < Digital Thesis and Dissertation Collection > Username and password required for access, SU only, 2003. http://www.su.edu/library.digitalthesis/geurtenrobert.pdf.
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Paradowski, Michael J. "Theory and empirical evaluation of dynamic displays for a real-world monitoring task /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SSPS/09sspsp2224.pdf.
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Whitehead, Nicola Jayne. "An investigation of eye monitoring and task discrimination in the human-computer interface." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320229.
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Scott, Jon. "Using Self-Monitoring and Positive Reinforcement to Increase On-Task Behavior and Independence." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3686.
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Off-task behavior is a major challenge. Various interventions have addressed this problem. Self-monitoring interventions are very effective, including the MotivAider, a self-timer that silently signals the student to observe his/her own Academic Engagement Time (AET). Studies of the MotivAider have reported increased AET., (Legge, DeBar, & Alber-Morgan, 2010; Morrison, McDougal, Black, & King-Sears, 2014) systematically faded the MotivAider to sustain increased AET. The present study replicated and extended this research using a response-dependent fading (Fox, Shores, Lindeman, & Strain, 1984) of the MotivAider to sustain the observe AET of a 6th grade student with Learning Disabilities. A single subject reversal desig analyzed the effects of the MotivAider and fading. Compared to baseline, the MotivAider increased AET while its temporary removal resulted in decreased AET. The singnal was gradually faded with maintained AET within intervention levels. Social validity data is also presented and implications for further research and educational practice discussed.
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Buchanan, Laurie Birch. "The emergence of female leaders : the effects of self-monitoring, priming and task characteristics /." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08142009-040531/.
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Steck, Jamie Bradley. "Energy and task management in energy harvesting wireless sensor networks for structural health monitoring." Diss., [La Jolla, Calif.] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1462117.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed April 1, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-93).
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Reynerson, Charles Martin. "Design considerations for remotely operated welding in space : task definition and visual weld monitoring experiment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47326.
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Thesis (Nav. E.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 1993, and Thesis (E.A.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 237-245).
by Charles Martin Reynerson.
E.A.A.
Nav.E.
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Mühlegg, Maximilian [Verfasser], Florian [Akademischer Betreuer] Holzapfel, Girish [Gutachter] Chowdhary, and Florian [Gutachter] Holzapfel. "Run-Time Monitoring of Model Reference Adaptive Controllers / Maximilian Mühlegg ; Gutachter: Girish Chowdhary, Florian Holzapfel ; Betreuer: Florian Holzapfel." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202922155/34.
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Bouguerra, Abdelbaki. "Robust execution of robot task-plans : a knowledge-based approach." Doctoral thesis, Örebro : Örebro University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2445.
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Cloward, R. Dean. "Self-monitoring increases time-on-task of attention deficit hyperactivity disordered students in the regular classroom." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280274.
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This paper investigates self-monitoring as a structured intervention for studens with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the regular classroom. The definition and procedures for self monitoring are based on the research of Hallahan, Lloyd, Kosiewicz, Kauffman, and Graves, (1979). Three fourth grade classrooms, two treatment and one control, participated in this study. The ADHD students and all of their peers in the intervention classrooms were engaged at least once a day in monitoring their own behavior. Each student checked a box "on-task" or "off-task" when prompted by an audio signal (beep). An audio cassette was played for 10 to 30 minutes with beeps sounding at intervals ranging from 10 to 80 seconds (an average of 45 seconds between beeps). The intervention was used during mathematics instruction when students were expected to do independent seatwork. No student was singled-out during the intervention. Eight students previously diagnosed with ADHD, three in each intervention classroom and two in the control classroom, were monitored by observers without the students' knowledge of who was being observed. The ADHD students were observed during a baseline period before intervention began and throughout the intervention period. Additionally, they were rated pre- and post-intervention by their teachers on the Conners Teacher Rating Scale. Pre-intervention observation results were compared to intervention period results for both treatment and control groups. Comparisons were analyzed using analyses of variance (ANOVA) procedures. Additionally, the pre- and post-intervention findings of the Conners were analyzed using ANOVA and displayed graphically to demonstrate overall change. The results strengthen the claim that self-monitoring increases the time-on-task of ADHD students in a regular classroom, without singling them out from the group and without them knowing they were the aim of the intervention.
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Heffner, Jaimee L. "The Effect of Competitive Motivation on the Attentional Focus of Distance Runners." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1127231288.
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Pilourdault, Julien. "Scalable algorithms for monitoring activity traces." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAM040/document.
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Dans cette thèse, nous étudions des algorithmes pour le monitoring des traces d’activité à grande échelle. Le monitoring est une aptitude clé dans plusieurs domaines, permettant d’extraire de la valeur des données ou d’améliorer les performances d’un système. Nous explorons d’abord le monitoring de données temporelles. Nous présentons un nouveau type de jointure sur des intervalles, qui inclut des fonctions de score caractérisant le degré de satisfaction de prédicats temporels. Nous étudions ces jointures dans le contexte du batch processing (traitement par lots). Nous formalisons la Ranked Temporal Join (RTJ), une jointure qui combine des collections d’intervalles et retourne les k meilleurs résultats. Nous montrons comment exploiter les propriétés des prédicats temporels et de la sémantique de score associée afin de concevoir TKIJ , une méthode d’évaluation de requête distribuée basée sur Map-Reduce. Nos expériences sur des données synthétiques et réelles montrent que TKIJ est plus performant que les techniques de l’état de l’art et démontre de bonnes performances sur des requêtes RTJ n-aires sur des données temporelles. Nous proposons également une étude préliminaire afin d’étendre nos travaux sur TKIJ au domaine du stream processing (traitement de flots). Nous explorons ensuite le monitoring dans le crowdsourcing (production participative). Nous soutenons la nécessité d’intégrer la motivation des travailleurs dans le processus d’affectation des tâches. Nous proposons d’étudier une approche adaptative, qui évalue la motivation des travailleurs lors de l’exécution des tâches et l’exploite afin d’améliorer l’affectation de tâches qui est réalisée de manière itérative. Nous explorons une première variante nommée Individual Task Assignment (Ita), dans laquelle les tâches sont affectées individuellement, un travailleur à la fois. Nous modélisons Ita et montrons que ce problème est NP-Difficile. Nous proposons trois méthodes d’affectation de tâches qui poursuivent différents objectifs. Nos expériences en ligne étudient l’impact de chaque méthode sur la performance globale dans l’exécution de tâches. Nous observons que différentes stratégies sont dominantes sur les différentes dimensions de performance. En particulier, la méthode affectant des tâches aléatoires et correspondant aux intérêts d’un travailleur donne le meilleur flux d’exécution de tâches. La méthode affectant des tâches correspondant au compromis d’un travailleur entre diversité et niveau de rémunération des tâches donne le meilleur niveau de qualité. Nos expériences confirment l’utilité d’une affectation de tâches adaptative et tenant compte de la motivation. Nous étudions une deuxième variante nommée Holistic Task Assignment (Hta), où les tâches sont affectées à tous les travailleurs disponibles, de manière holistique. Nous modélisons Hta et montrons que ce problème est NP-Difficile et MaxSNP-Difficile. Nous développons des algorithmes d’approximation pour Hta. Nous menons des expériences sur des données synthétiques pour évaluer l’efficacité de nos algorithmes. Nous conduisons également des expériences en ligne et comparons notre approche avec d’autres stratégies non adaptatives. Nous observons que notre approche présente le meilleur compromis sur les différentes dimensions de performanceIn this thesis, we study scalable algorithms for monitoring activity traces. In several domains, monitoring is a key ability to extract value from data and improve a system. This thesis aims to design algorithms for monitoring two kinds of activity traces. First, we investigate temporal data monitoring. We introduce a new kind of interval join, that features scoring functions reflecting the degree of satisfaction of temporal predicates. We study these joins in the context of batch processing: we formalize Ranked Temporal Join (RTJ), that combine collections of intervals and return the k best results. We show how to exploit the nature of temporal predicates and the properties of their associated scored semantics to design TKIJ , an efficient query evaluation approach on a distributed Map-Reduce architecture. Our extensive experiments on synthetic and real datasets show that TKIJ outperforms state-of-the-art competitors and provides very good performance for n-ary RTJ queries on temporal data. We also propose a preliminary study to extend our work on TKIJ to stream processing. Second, we investigate monitoring in crowdsourcing. We advocate the need to incorporate motivation in task assignment. We propose to study an adaptive approach, that captures workers’ motivation during task completion and use it to revise task assignment accordingly across iterations. We study two variants of motivation-aware task assignment: Individual Task Assignment (Ita) and Holistic Task Assignment (Hta). First, we investigate Ita, where we assign tasks to workers individually, one worker at a time. We model Ita and show it is NP-Hard. We design three task assignment strategies that exploit various objectives. Our live experiments study the impact of each strategy on overall performance. We find that different strategies prevail for different performance dimensions. In particular, the strategy that assigns random and relevant tasks offers the best task throughput and the strategy that assigns tasks that best match a worker’s compromise between task diversity and task payment has the best outcome quality. Our experiments confirm the need for adaptive motivation-aware task assignment. Then, we study Hta, where we assign tasks to all available workers, holistically. We model Hta and show it is both NP-Hard and MaxSNP-Hard. We develop efficient approximation algorithms with provable guarantees. We conduct offline experiments to verify the efficiency of our algorithms. We also conduct online experiments with real workers and compare our approach with various non-adaptive assignment strategies. We find that our approach offers the best compromise between performance dimensions thereby assessing the need for adaptability
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Kim, Keunpyo. "Process Monitoring with Multivariate Data:Varying Sample Sizes and Linear Profiles." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29741.
Full textAbstract:
Multivariate control charts are used to monitor a process when more than one quality variable associated with the process is being observed. The multivariate exponentially weighted moving average (MEWMA) control chart is one of the most commonly recommended tools for multivariate process monitoring. The standard practice, when using the MEWMA control chart, is to take samples of fixed size at regular sampling intervals for each variable. In the first part of this dissertation, MEWMA control charts based on sequential sampling schemes with two possible stages are investigated. When sequential sampling with two possible stages is used, observations at a sampling point are taken in two groups, and the number of groups actually taken is a random variable that depends on the data. The basic idea is that sampling starts with a small initial group of observations, and no additional sampling is done at this point if there is no indication of a problem with the process. But if there is some indication of a problem with the process then an additional group of observations is taken at this sampling point. The performance of the sequential sampling (SS) MEWMA control chart is compared to the performance of standard control charts. It is shown that that the SS MEWMA chart is substantially more efficient in detecting changes in the process mean vector than standard control charts that do not use sequential sampling. Also the situation is considered where different variables may have different measurement costs. MEWMA control charts with unequal sample sizes based on differing measurement costs are investigated in order to improve the performance of process monitoring. Sequential sampling plans are applied to MEWMA control charts with unequal sample sizes and compared to the standard MEWMA control charts with a fixed sample size. The steady-state average time to signal (SSATS) is computed using simulation and compared for some selected sets of sample sizes. When different variables have significantly different measurement costs, using unequal sample sizes can be more cost effective than using the same fixed sample size for each variable.
In the second part of this dissertation, control chart methods are proposed for process monitoring when the quality of a process or product is characterized by a linear function. In the historical analysis of Phase I data, methods including the use of a bivariate T² chart to check for stability of the regression coefficients in conjunction with a univariate Shewhart chart to check for stability of the variation about the regression line are recommended. The use of three univariate control charts in Phase II is recommended. These three charts are used to monitor the Y-intercept, the slope, and the variance of the deviations about the regression line, respectively. A simulation study shows that this type of Phase II method can detect sustained shifts in the parameters better than competing methods in terms of average run length (ARL) performance. The monitoring of linear profiles is also related to the control charting of regression-adjusted variables and other methods.Ph. D.
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Anderson, Michelle A. "The effects of video-based self-recording of on-task behavior on the on-task behavior and academic productivity by elementary students with special needs in inclusive classrooms." Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1124295346.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 158 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-118). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Loper, Thomas Cameron. "A candidate functional architecture design for the detection and monitoring process of a counterdrug joint task force." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA272515.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Systems Technology) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1993.Thesis advisor(s): Jones, Carl R. ; Sengupta, Kishore. "June 1993." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
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Abbott, Susan R. "Effects of self-monitoring on the academic performance and on- task behavior of students with learning disabilities /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148768178825548.
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Johnson, Elizabeth. "The Effects of a Self-Monitoring Package Using a Tactile Cueing Device on Student On-Task Behavior in Special Education and General Education Settings." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/75.
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Research has shown that self-monitoring can be effective in different settings and with a range of students as well as problem behaviors. However, teachers who use self-monitoring techniques have difficulties in using an effective cueing system as well as generalizing the newly acquired skill into the general education classroom. This study extends the literature by utilizing a tactile cueing device to increase the percentage of intervals of on-task behavior as well as increasing the intervals of on-task behavior in an inclusive general education classroom setting.
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Parastatidis, Savas. "Run-time support for parallel object-oriented computing : the NIP lazy task creation technique and the NIP object-based software distributed shared memory." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1768.
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Advances in hardware technologies combined with decreased costs have started a trend towards massively parallel architectures that utilise commodity components. It is thought unreasonable to expect software developers to manage the high degree of parallelism that is made available by these architectures. This thesis argues that a new programming model is essential for the development of parallel applications and presents a model which embraces the notions of object-orientation and implicit identification of parallelism. The new model allows software engineers to concentrate on development issues, using the object-oriented paradigm, whilst being freed from the burden of explicitly managing parallel activity. To support the programming model, the semantics of an execution model are defined and implemented as part of a run-time support system for object-oriented parallel applications. Details of the novel techniques from the run-time system, in the areas of lazy task creation and object-based, distributed shared memory, are presented. The tasklet construct for representing potentially parallel computation is introduced and further developed by this thesis. Three caching techniques that take advantage of memory access patterns exhibited in object-oriented applications are explored. Finally, the performance characteristics of the introduced run-time techniques are analysed through a number of benchmark applications.
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Palumbo, Chelsea. "Impact of Self-Monitoring on Independent Vocational Task Completion of Adults with Disabilities in a Vocational Training Setting." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7073.
Full textAbstract:
Employment is an important goal for many individuals with disabilities. Research indicates that behavioral techniques are effective in increasing task completion of individuals with disabilities in vocational training settings. Yet, limited research has examined the use of self-monitoring for increasing task completion of adults with disabilities receiving vocational training for future employment. Furthermore, few studies have focused on promoting the maintenance of improved vocational task completion among this population. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to extend the literature by examining the impact of self-monitoring on independent correct vocational task completion of four adults with disabilities within a vocational training setting. The results indicated that across participants the levels of their target vocational task completion performance remained low during baseline, even with repeated exposure. During the intervention there was immediate level changes for all participants, three out of four reaching 3 or more consecutive sessions with 100%. During the maintenance follow-up their performance levels still remained higher than baseline with minor decline trends compared to intervention. Implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Shelton-Quinn, Anitra Danielle. "INCREASING POSITIVE PEER REPORTING AND ON-TASK BEHAVIOR USING A PEER MONITORING INTERDEPENDENT GROUP CONTINGENCY PROGRAM WITH PUBLIC POSTING." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04012009-163233/.
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The purpose of this study was to empirically evaluate the effects of a positive peer reporting package, namely the Duck, Duck Tootle Intervention Program on on-task behavior of target students and classwide on-task behavior. An ABAB withdrawal design was used to evaluate the effects of the tootling package on classwide and target students rates of positive peer reporting and on-task behavior. Cluster sampling was employed to select a total of 10 classes for this study. Five intact regular education elementary classrooms were chosen across grade levels to serve as the experimental group. Two target students identified by each classroom teacher as having behavior and/or academic difficulties were participants in the study. This 21-day intervention was implemented in a Chapter I elementary school, located within a low-income suburb in a large metropolitan area in the southwestern United States. The students were in kindergarten through fourth grade and ranged in age from 5 to 9.6 years. Specific target behaviors were identified for each participant (e.g. out-of-place behavior, inappropriate noise). The collected data for each of the 10 elementary school target students in this study included (a) percentage of on-task behavior, (b) percentage of target behavior, and (c) individual tootle counts. Also included in data collection were classwide tootle counts. Teacher procedural integrity data was also obtained. Results revealed that during the tootling intervention phase, in which group contingency and feedback procedures were implemented, on-task behavior increased and the mean number of individual and classwide tootles increased. Decreases in on-task behavior and mean tootles were observed during the second baseline phase. Limitations associated with the current study, implications for implementation in alternative education settings and future research are discussed.
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Wolfe, Laura Harkness. "Effects of self monitoring on the on-task behavior and written language performance of elementary students with learning disabilities." Connect to resource, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1164047292.
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Almutairi, Naif. "Effects of the MotivAider and Self-Monitoring to Increase On-Task Behavior for Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3343.
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The following study compared the use of the MotivAider as a self-monitoring tactile device between an elementary age student with ADHD and his teacher to increase ontask behavior. The design of this study was an alternating treatments design, which helped to determine the more effective condition. The results of this study indicated that the use of the MotivAider by the student was more effective than the use of the device by the teacher.
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Graham, Kristall J. "Using Self-Monitoring to Improve On-Task Behavior and Academic Performance of High School Students with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1419261219.
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Lannie, Amanda L. "Increasing the effectiveness of self-monitoring programs a sequenced approach with performance feedback to monitor on-task behavior and math performance /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU0NWQmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=3739.
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Eger, Karl-Heinz. "A CUSUM test for discrete monitoring of intensity of a Poisson process." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-201000862.
Full textAbstract:
This paper deals with CUSUM tests for monitoring
of intensity parameter of a Poisson process if this
process can be observed in a restricted manner only at pregiven
equidistant time points. In this case the process can
be monitored by means of a CUSUM test for the parameter
of a corresponding Poisson distribution.
For rational reference parameter values the computation
of average run length is reduced to that of solving of a
system of simultaneous linear equations. The performance
of obtained CUSUM tests is discussed by means of corresponding
examples.
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Baird, Isabelle Catherine. "The development of the human-automation behavioral interaction task (HABIT) analysis framework." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1559836548618924.
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Goddard, Yvonne L. "Effects of Self-Monitoring and Self-Evaluation on the Written Language Performance and On-Task Behavior of Elementary Students with Learning Disabilities." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1391601417.
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Levendoski, Lila Sabella. "The Effects of Self-Monitoring on the On-Task Behavior and the Academic Productivity of Elementary School Children with Serious Emotional Disturbances." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392311289.
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Schmitt, Rachel Calkins Oxnard. "The effects of a self-monitoring and video self-modeling intervention to increase on-task behavior for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3378379.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Counseling and Educational Psychology, 2009.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-10, Section: A, page: 3758. Adviser: Thomas J. Huberty.
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Lee, Matthew L. "Task-based Embedded Assessment of Functional Abilities for Aging in Place." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/88.
Full textAbstract:
Many older adults desire to maintain their quality of life by living and aging independently in their own homes. However, it is difficult for older adults to notice and track the subtle changes in their own abilities because these abilities can change gradually over a long period of time. Technology in the form of ubiquitous sensors embedded in objects in the home can play a role in keeping track of the functional abilities of individuals unobtrusively, objectively, and continuously over a long period of time. This work introduces a sensing technique called “task-based embedded assessment” that monitors how well specific tasks important for independence are carried out using everyday objects found in the home with which individuals regularly interact. Following formative studies on the information needs of older adults and their caregivers, a sensing system called “dwellSense” that can monitor, assess, and provide feedback about how well individuals complete tasks, such as taking medications, using the phone, and making coffee, was designed, built, and evaluated. Multiple longterm (over 10 months) field deployments of dwellSense were used to investigate how the data collected from the system could support greater self-awareness of abilities and intentions to improve in task performance. Presenting and reflecting on data from ubiquitous sensing systems such as dwellSense is challenging because it is both highly dimensional as well as large in volume, particularly if it is collected over a long period of time. Thus, this work also investigates the time dimension of reflection and has identified that real-time feedback is particularly useful for supporting behavior change, and longer-term trended feedback is useful for greater awareness of abilities. Traditional forms of assessing the functional abilities of individuals tend to be either biased, lacking ecological validity, infrequent, or expensive to conduct. An automated sensor-based approach for assessment is compared to traditional performance testing by a trained clinician and found to match well with clinician-generated ratings that are objective, frequent, and ecologically valid. The contributions from this thesis not only advance the state of the art for maintaining quality of life and care for older adults, but also provide the foundations for designing personal sensing systems that aim to assess an individual’s abilities and support behaviors through the feedback of objective, timely sensed information.
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Myers, Stacy. "The Transfer of Self-regulation and Self-monitoring from the Resource Room to the Science Classroom." Otterbein University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=otbn1594309963430514.
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Moore, Jessica L. "An Evaluation of the Individualized Behavior Rating Scale Tool (IBRST) in Inclusive Classroom Settings." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7860.
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One of the greatest challenges facing school staff is problem behavior in the classroom (Public Agenda, 2004). Children who engage in problem behavior in the classroom setting greatly challenge teachers and diminish the ability to learn. This study evaluated the effects of self-monitoring using the Individualized Behavior Rating Scale Tool (IBRST) on problem behavior and on-task behavior in a classroom setting using a multiple-baseline across participants design. This study also evaluated the extent to which students self-rating on the IBRST correlated with direct observation data. Results indicate that self-monitoring using the IBRST was an effective strategy for increasing on-task behavior and decreasing problem behavior for all three students. Results also indicate that the IBRST may be an accurate and reliable means of measuring data when direct observation data may not be feasible or possible. There were 56/60 perfect agreements, with the other four opportunities being only 1-pt value apart. Limitations and future research are discussed.
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Wiechern, Beth Justina. "Analysis of breathing during oral reading by young children with and without asthma using non-contact respiratory monitoring methods : a preliminary study of task and reading difficulty effects." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Health Sciences, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10202.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research was to investigate the breathing patterns of children aged 5-9 years with asthma as they read aloud stories of increasingly difficulty. Participants were 11 children diagnosed with moderate to severe asthma recruited from an out-patient clinic and 11 gender- and age-matched controls recruited from local schools.
Non-contact respiratory monitoring methods were employed to yield acoustic recordings during three non-reading tasks and three reading aloud tasks which increased in difficulty. Measurements included breathing rate, pause time in speech, and time ratio between inspiration between inspiration and expiration (I/E ratio). Pauses that occurred during the reading tasks were classified as either occurring at grammatical junctions where pausing during oral reading would be expected, or at ungrammatical junctions, where pausing was associated with either needing to breath, a reading mistake and/or upon recognition of an unknown word. The acoustic measures were recorded using a free audio editor and recorder programme (Audacity version 2.0.3’) on a Notebook laptop with an inbuilt microphone.
The main result indicated that 82% of children with asthma breathed more slowly when reading books that were difficult for them, and this was negatively associated with asthma severity (p=0.046). The findings demonstrated that children with asthma appear to cope when reading more difficult materials by breathing more slowly, pausing for longer ([F(1, 16) = 5.454, p = 0.033]) and increasing expiration time.
The current research is the first of its kind and provides a base for future studies to investigate the relationship between breathing and the reading of children with asthma. Questions remain whether this relationship is related to low achievement in reading. Future research to confirm, disconfirm or otherwise is necessary to add to the sparse literature on the breathing of children with asthma while reading aloud.
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Ben, Lahmar Imen. "Continuity of user tasks execution in pervasive environments." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789725.
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The proliferation of small devices and the advancements in various technologies have introduced the concept of pervasive environments. In these environments, user tasks can be executed by using the deployed components provided by devices with different capabilities. One appropriate paradigm for building user tasks for pervasive environments is Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). Using SOA, user tasks are represented as an assembly of abstract components (i.e., services) without specifying their implementations, thus they should be resolved into concrete components. The task resolution involves automatic matching and selection of components across various devices. For this purpose, we present an approach that allows for each service of a user task, the selection of the best device and component by considering the user preferences, devices capabilities, services requirements and components preferences. Due to the dynamicity of pervasive environments, we are interested in the continuity of execution of user tasks. Therefore, we present an approach that allows components to monitor locally or remotely the changes of properties, which depend on. We also considered the adaptation of user tasks to cope with the dynamicity of pervasive environments. To overcome captured failures, the adaptation is carried out by a partial reselection of devices and components. However, in case of mismatching between an abstract user task and a concrete level, we propose a structural adaptation approach by injecting some defined adaptation patterns, which exhibit an extra-functional behavior. We also propose an architectural design of a middleware allowing the task's resolution, monitoring of the environment and the task adaptation. We provide implementation details of the middleware's components along with evaluation results