Journal articles: 'Monitoring of gas leakage'

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Boniface, Adoyi, A. Y. Nasir, and A. M. Hassan. "Arduino based gas leakage and temperature monitoring and control system." International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) 9, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijict.v9i3.pp171-178.

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Gas leakage is a major problem with industrial sectors, residential premises and gas powered vehicles like CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) buses etc. One of the preventive methods to stop accidents associated with the gas leakage is to install a gas leakage detection device at vulnerable places. The aim of this project is to develop such a device that can automatically detect and control gas leakages and also monitor temperature in vulnerable areas. The system detects the leakage of the LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) using a gas sensor and then also monitors the temperature using a temperature sensor. When the LPG concentration in the air exceeds a certain level, the gas sensor senses the gas leakage and the output of the sensor goes LOW, the system then opens the exit windows, and then uses the GSM to alert the person about the gas leakage via SMS. Also, when the temperature of the environment exceeds a certain limit, it then turns ON the LED (indicator) and make an alarm through the buzzer. An LCD (16x2) displays the current temperature and gas leakage status in degree Celsius and PPM respectively.

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Marshell, Prof M. Joe, and S. Shanthini. "Smart Automation Gas Level Monitoring with Gas Leakage Deduction and Refill Booking using Embedded System." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-1, Issue-6 (October 31, 2017): 1076–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd4666.

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S, Jijusasikumar, Kaviya K, Logida R, Chinmaya S, and Sangeetha K. "Gas Leakage Monitoring System Using IOT." International Research Journal on Advanced Science Hub 3, Special Issue ICARD 3S (March 23, 2021): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjash.2021.075.

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Jayakumar, D., R. Ezhilmaran, S. Balaji, and K. Kiruba. "Mobile Based Gas Leakage Monitoring Using IOT." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1717 (January 2021): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1717/1/012068.

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Aixia, Duan, Huang Yongzhi, Duan Yanling, and Wang Qiuhong. "Thermal Sensor Boiler Monitoring based on Wireless Sensing." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 14, no. 08 (August 30, 2018): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v14i08.9176.

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To solve the problems of traditional wiring monitoring methods, such as difficulty in wiring, high temperature, and premature aging of the lines, the development status and trend of ZigBee technology were analyzed. A ZigBee-based online gas leakage monitoring system for power plant boilers was designed to avoid gas leakage in these boilers. ZigBee short-range wireless communication technology was used instead of the wired method to complete online monitoring of power plant boilers. Results showed that the system timely monitored the gas leakage and revealed the operating status of the power plant boiler in real time. In addition, the next moment of gas leakage was predicted, which ensured the safe and stable operation of the power plant boiler. In summary, gray system theory provides powerful theoretical support for the leakage status assessment and gas leakage prediction of the boiler. The proposed system ensures the safe, stable, and efficient operation of the power plant boiler.

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Lebed, A. D., and S. P. Glushko. "Selection rationale for leakage monitoring in gas pipeline." Vestnik of Don State Technical University 19, no. 3 (October 4, 2019): 250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/1992-5980-2019-19-3-250-255.

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Introduction. Efficient leak detection methods and gas flow metering are analyzed. The work objective is to select an automatic system of methods providing the improvement of the quality of leakage monitoring and gas flow metering in gas pipelines.Materials and Methods. The following techniques for detecting gas leakage in the pipeline are considered: according to the pressure profile, volume balance method, acoustic emission method, variable-pressure drop method on the forcing device, ultrasonic method.Research Results. The analysis shows that all techniques for monitoring leakage and gas flow are dependent on the environmental parameters. Therefore, an important task is to achieve independence of the measurement results from changes in the environmental parameters. In most flow meters, changes in density, pressure and temperature affect drastically the measurement results. An additional error that arises in this case can reach large values.

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Guo, Ke, Pan Yang, Dan Huai Guo, and Yi Liu. "Gas Leakage Monitoring with Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks." Procedia Computer Science 154 (2019): 430–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.06.061.

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Chen, Yi Jing, Hong Yang Zan, and Wen Gui Li. "Design of Gas Leakage Monitoring System Based on CAN Bus." Applied Mechanics and Materials 135-136 (October 2011): 402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.135-136.402.

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In view of the natural gas leakage monitoring status, a distributed monitoring system is designed based on CAN bus, which is composed of Master Controller, CAN bus, and data acquisition modules, etc. As well as the circuit diagram and the flow chart of software are introduced in detail. The results indicate that the distributed natural gas leakage monitoring system can fulfill the task of gas leakage state display and alarm successfully in laboratory test, by using distributed structure, the system can be easily expended, and it has the character of reliability and flexibility.

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Wu, Hanfu, Xiujun Guo, Jingxin Wu, and Yufeng Zhang. "In-situ marine gas hydrate production methane leaks electrical monitoring system." E3S Web of Conferences 267 (2021): 02041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126702041.

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In the process of gas hydrate exploitation, methane leakage needs to be monitored in real time, so an in-situ electrical monitoring system for methane leakage is designed. The monitoring system is mainly composed of monitoring cable, acquisition station, power module and general control platform. According to the electrical principle, the system carries out regional monitoring on the seabed formation, forms the resistivity map, and realizes methane leakage monitoring. The cost of the monitoring system is low, and it can be remotely controlled or automatically collected data according to the preset program, so the system has good application and research value.

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Mahmood Hussien, Nadia, Yasmin Makki Mohialden, Nada Thanoon Ahmed, Mostafa Abdulghafoor Mohammed, and Tole Sutikno. "A smart gas leakage monitoring system for use in hospitals." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 19, no. 2 (August 1, 2020): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i2.pp1048-1054.

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A gas leaks lead to personal and financial damage. Much effort has been dedicated to preventing such leaks and developing reliable techniques for leak detection and leakage localization using sensors. These sensors usually sound an alarm after detecting a dangerous gas in its vicinity. This paper describes a system for detecting a gas leakage from cylinders which notifies the user via the GSM network. The system consists of an LPG gas leakage detector which sends a warning signal to Arduino Uno Microcontroller. The system uses the GSM network to send notifications, a liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor to display the warning message and buzzer to sound the alert.

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Okken, P. A. "Methane leakage from natural gas." Energy Policy 18, no. 2 (March 1990): 202–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(90)90147-v.

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Shuai Zhang, 张帅, 刘文清 Wenqing Liu, 张玉钧 Yujun Zhang, 束小文 Xiaowen Shu, 于殿强 Dianqiang Yu, 阚瑞峰 Ruifeng Kan, 董金婷 Jinting Dong, 耿辉 Hui Geng, and 刘建国 Jianguo Liu. "Gas leakage monitoring with scanned-wavelength direct absorption spectroscopy." Chinese Optics Letters 8, no. 5 (2010): 443–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col20100805.0443.

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Ge, Xiaohua, Jianchao Ma, Liping Chang, Jin Yuan, Xudong Su, Hengkang Wang, and Yuqiang Xiao. "Monitoring and Investigating Methane Leakage in Coal Gas Production." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 25, no. 3 (2016): 1005–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/61743.

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14

Wang, Chun, Zan Wang, Jia Zhang, and Kelong Yang. "Study on acoustic source characteristics of distributed optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring buried natural gas pipeline leakage." E3S Web of Conferences 252 (2021): 03043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125203043.

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In order to study the leakage of buried natural gas pipeline caused serious environmental pollution and human casualties, the acoustic propagation characteristics of buried natural gas pipeline leakage monitored by distributed optical fiber were studied. At present, the research on the leakage of buried pipeline mainly focuses on the propagation of sound waves along the pipe wall, while the study on the propagation of sound waves in the soil is still lacking. The acoustic attenuation of acoustic wave propagation in soil by the size of leakage hole and leakage pressure is studied, and the evolution process of acoustic wave in soil is revealed. The conclusion is that the acoustic source of buried natural gas pipeline leakage belongs to broadband noise, and the acoustic energy of leakage is prominent in the low frequency band of 15kHz. The lower frequency, the higher sound pressure level. The oscillation of the sound pressure level attenuates with the increase of frequency. Fiber optic monitoring of buried natural gas pipeline leakage early warning provides theoretical support for the conclusion. The sound pressure level in low frequency band is of great significance for buried pipeline leakage monitoring.

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Hou, Longfei, Dan Wang, Bingxuan Du, Xinmin Qian, and Mengqi Yuan. "Gas concentration detection via multi-channeled air sampling method." Sensor Review 37, no. 2 (March 20, 2017): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-12-2016-0266.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a new technique for monitoring gas leakage in underground pipelines to prevent dangerous explosions. Design/methodology/approach A novel system for monitoring methane concentration in underground spaces was developed by integrating the multi-channeled air sampling method with an infrared gas sensor. A pipe installation methodology (without excavation) was established and verified accordingly. Findings The proposed approach was proven successful in reducing the quantity of sensors needed for real-time monitoring of underground pipeline leakage by about 80 per cent. Furthermore, this system lowers total operational cost by as much as 60 per cent. Originality/value The results presented here represent a possible solution to reducing the public safety risks associated with explosions and fires caused by pipeline leakage in underground spaces. Its total cost is low and its monitoring efficiency is high.

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Kusriyanto, Medilla, Firdaus, Andik Yulianto, and Syakban Kurniawan. "Early detection of LPG gas leakage based Wireless Sensor Networking." MATEC Web of Conferences 154 (2018): 01045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815401045.

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LPG gas is the main fuel used in households. These days LPG gas leak triggered an accident that resulted in huge losses, especially if the accident occurred within the dense housing. LPG gas leakage monitoring and early detection of a gas leak and a leak warning is needed to prevent more fatal accident. Wireless sensor networking is a technology that can be used to build a centralized monitoring system by using a microcontroller as the interface and control system. This research developed system device monitoring and early detection of gas leaks by utilizing gas sensors MQ-4 and AVR microcontroller family as control devices. The system is also equipped with XBee PRO S2B nirkable devices as the interface to the wireless networking system that is used to transmit sensor data from the detection point to the monitoring center equipped with a PC and software integrated Visual Basic. Gas leak alert is sent with the message formats through social networking Gtalk.

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Shahadat, Mhia, Avijit Mallik, and Md Islam. "Development of an automated gas-leakage monitoring system with feedback and feedforward control by utilizing IoT." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 32, no. 4 (2019): 615–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1904615s.

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Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is used in many ranges of applications like home and industrial appliances, in vehicles and as a propellant and refrigerator. However, leakage of LPG produces hazardous and toxic impact on human begins and other living creatures. There by, the authors developed a system to monitor the LPG gas leakage and make alert to users of it. In this research, MQ-6 gas sensor is used for sensing the level of gas concentration of a closed volume; and to monitor the consequences of environmental changes an IoT platform has been introduced. Robust control along with cloud based manual control has been applied so that the gas leakage can be prevented in the response of either feedback or feedforward commands individually. It switches on the specified relays to control the level of gas concentration in the time of leakage the excess gas in times of leakage. It rechecks the value again and again if it crosses 300 ppm it will setup a relay-based switching on control mechanism using Thingspeak cloud. The controller used here is Node-MCU v:1.0. This research provides design approach on both software and hardware. Hence an embedded system comprising of Relay switches, Embedded C++, Gas sensor, Temperature & Humidity sensor along with Internet of Things (IoT) is fabricated to meet the objectives of the current research.

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Liu, Qiang, Jun Wang, and Ning Zu. "Based on the Interconnection of Gas Monitoring System Research and Design." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 633–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.633.

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This paper mainly introduced the GPRS wireless data transmission technology constitutes a new type of gas monitoring system, which is suitable for modern intelligent residential family user gas monitoring, the gas leakage and abnormal gas monitoring and alarm control, but also for the gas company to provide reading, saving a lot of manpower, material and financial resources.

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Asraf Roslan, Amirul, and Rahimi Baharom. "Advanced gas leakage, fire and power supply failure monitoring system." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i1.pp222-227.

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Safety system such as smoke detector and fire alarm are considered to be a counter measure for fire accident. This safety system is important as it acts as a security measure against fire accident which could lead to death and destruction of properties. This paper propose an advanced gas leakage, fire and power supply failure monitoring system with Arduino UNO and GSM Module as its embedded system. Among the features of this system are their ability to detect the presence of smoke, gases and power failure at homes and factories, then the system will send a text message using Short Message Service (SMS) to the registered mobile number via GSM Module informing the user the situation and location of the incident. As a result, the user or person in charge can respond to the emergency situation accordingly and alert the fire departments or relevant authorities in time. This system could help the user to transform the way they protect their property and critical infrastructure. Successful safety and security transformation requires a combination of end user structural and operational changes as well as technology evolution enablement. This is in line with the Fourth Industrial Revolution (known as IR4.0), that propose substantial increase in the deployment of sensors for collecting, processing, and communicating measurement data in real time in order to diverse working environments, thus, resulting in advancement and convergence of technologies.

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Liu, Chang, Teng Su, and Ru Zhou. "Back Calculation of Leakage Accident Source Term of Liquid Ammonia Gas Storage Tank." E3S Web of Conferences 267 (2021): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126701012.

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Ammonia is a colorless and toxic gas. Due to its fast leakage rate, the leakage port is not easy to detect, and it is often difficult to seal it, causing more serious personal injuries and property losses. So it is a key problem to predict the intensity and location of toxic and harmful gas leakage quickly and accurately. Then it needs to combine the atmospheric diffusion model and optimization algorithm to establish the source term information back calculation model, and solve the location and intensity of the leakage source based on the concentration data of the downwind direction of the leakage source. Based on the analysis of the physical and chemical properties of ammonia, according to Wilson plume rising experience formula and Gauss plume model, the leakage model of liquid ammonia storage tank is established, and the effective monitoring points are extracted. According to the concentration of simulated monitoring points, the source information is calculated by particle swarm optimization algorithm. The feasibility of this method in the leakage of liquid ammonia storage tank is verified, which can help emergency response of accidents.

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Kareem, Husam. "Embedded real-time system for detecting leakage of the gas used in iraqi kitchens." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 14, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i3.pp1171-1176.

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A major issue that happens in kitchens of houses and/or restaurants is the leakage of gas used as a fuel for cooker stove, which is commonly referred to as LPG (liquefied petroleum gas). LPG leakage may lead to a serious fire or even a deadly explosion that might affect the surrounding people. A substantial solution to avoid such disasters is by stopping its main cause. Therefore designing a device capable of monitoring and detecting such gases can minimize the dangerous and unwanted incidents by LPG leakage. This paper introduces a low cost and energy efficient real-time monitoring system that able to sense different dangerous gases, specifically those used for stove cooker. This system considers the pros of the previously introduced systems and fixes the cons available in those systems. In addition, the manufacturing cost has been taken into consideration. If the system senses any type of LPG gas (there is a gas leakage), it will react by making three different actions. It will make an alert sound to notify the people around the leakage place, send an SMS to two cell phones, and show, on an LCD screen, the leakage location.

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Alshammari, B. F., and M. T. Chughtai. "IoT Gas Leakage Detector and Warning Generator." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 10, no. 4 (August 16, 2020): 6142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3712.

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This paper presents an industrial monitoring system design using the Internet of Things (IoT). The gas sensor (MQ-5) captured information is posted into a data cloud. The sensor detects the leakage of gas under most atmospheric conditions. All the components are controlled by an Arduino (UNO-1) that acts as a central processor unit in the setup t. As soon as a gas leakage is detected by the sensor, the alarm is raised in the form of a buzzer. This alarm is supported by an LCD to display the location of leakage, alert the observer, and activate the exhaust fan in the particular section to extract leaked gas. The requirement of a gas detection system is not only to monitor continuously the surroundings but also to help prevent the gas leakage hence minimizing the chances of fire and damage.

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Lv, Yong Xing, and Chen Shuai Yan. "Study on Acoustic Catheter of Boiler Tube Leakage Monitoring Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 3457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.3457.

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Boiler tube leakage is the major reason of affecting the safe operation of the unit now, there are 3 methods of the "four tube" leakage detection: Traditional method, filtering method and acoustic spectrum analysis, acoustic spectrum analysis is the common method, but this method have low sensitivity and the sensor damage easily. Therewith, designed the special acoustic catheter with acoustic resonance cavity type, proved by experiments, the acoustic catheter with acoustic resonance cavity type can enhance leakage sound, can accurately extract leakage signals, has high sensitivity, and can avoid the effect of sensor by fire and hot-gas when the furnace is in positive pressure situation, reduce the installation and maintenance costs of the boiler tube leakage monitor system.

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Visschedijk, Antoon J. H., Hugo A. C. Denier van der Gon, Hans C. Doornenbal, and Lorenzo Cremonese. "Methane and ethane emission scenarios for potential shale gas production in Europe." Advances in Geosciences 45 (August 10, 2018): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-125-2018.

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Abstract. A main concern surrounding (shale) gas production and exploitation is the leakage of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. High leakage rates have been observed outside of Europe but the representativeness of these observations for Europe is unknown. To facilitate the monitoring of methane leakage from a future shale gas industry in Europe we developed potential production scenarios for ten major shale gas plays and identified a suitable tracer in (shale) gas to distinguish oil and gas related emissions from other methane sources. To distinguish gas leakage from other methane sources we propose ethane, a known tracer for leakage from oil and gas production but absent in emissions from other important methane sources in Europe. Ethane contents for the ten plays are estimated from a European gas composition database and shale gas composition and reservoir data from the US, resulting in three different classes of ethane to methane ratios in the raw gas (0.015, 0.04 and 0.1). The ethane content classes have a relation with the average thermal maturity, a basic shale gas reservoir characteristic, which is known for all ten European shale gas plays. By assuming different production scenarios in addition to a range of possible gas leakage rates, we estimate potential ethane tracer release by shale gas play. Ethane emissions are estimated by play following a low, medium or high gas production scenario in combination with leakage rates ranging from 0.2 %–10 % based on observed leakage rates in the US.

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Ponomarenko, Serhii, Oleksandr Zhevzhyk, Alex Vuginshteyn, and Oleksandr Lutai. "Thermodynamic analysis of the gas parameters distribution under leakage from a closed volume with rigid walls." E3S Web of Conferences 109 (2019): 00071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910900071.

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The work deals with the thermodynamic analysis of the parameters of the gas in a closed volume with rigid walls, during its leakage and heat exchange with the environment. Based on the first law of thermodynamics, the law of Fick and the equation of the gas state, we obtained an equation that characterizes the effect of temperature gradient on the mass gas leakage in parallel processes of leakage and heat transfer. The regularity of the leakage coefficient change, determined by the diffusion coefficient, depending on the mass-average temperature in a closed thermodynamic system, is established. The variation of the leakage coefficient for the corresponding ranges of temperature gradients are shown. The research results can be implemented in the development of techniques and technologies for monitoring the tightness of hollow products under excessive pressure of the gas medium.

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Hao, Yongmei, Yifei Ma, Juncheng Jiang, Zhixiang Xing, Lei Ni, and Jian Yang. "An Inverse Transient Nonmetallic Pipeline Leakage Diagnosis Method Based on Markov Quantitative Judgment." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (April 22, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9527836.

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Aiming at the problems of early leakage monitoring of urban nonmetallic pipelines and the large positioning error, an inverse transient urban nonmetallic gas pipelines leakage location method based on Markov quantitative judgment was proposed. A Markov flow state transition probability matrix was established based on the flow data under different pressures obtained by experiments to quantitatively determine the pipeline leakage status. On this basis, an inverse transient leakage control equation suitable for urban nonmetallic gas pipeline leakage location was constructed according to the actual. The difference between the pressure and the calculated pressure was sought for the objective function. Finally, the objective function was optimized in conjunction with the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method to obtain the actual leakage parameters and calculate the size and location of the leakage source. The results show that the inverse transient leakage localization method based on Markov’s quantitative judgment can more accurately determine the leakage status of the pipeline and calculate the early leakage parameters and leakage location of the gas pipeline, which improves the positioning accuracy.

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Chung, Wan-Young, and Duk-Dong Lee. "Real time multi-channel gas leakage monitoring system using CPLD chip." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 77, no. 1-2 (June 2001): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-4005(01)00728-6.

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Chen, Ke, Min Guo, Shuai Liu, Bo Zhang, Hong Deng, Yonghao Zheng, Yewei Chen, et al. "Fiber-optic photoacoustic sensor for remote monitoring of gas micro-leakage." Optics Express 27, no. 4 (February 8, 2019): 4648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.004648.

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Geetha, K., P. Prabha, C. Preetha Devi, S. Priyadharshini, and S. Tamilselvan. "Detection and monitoring of fire and gas leakage systems in industries." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.8 (March 19, 2018): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.8.10473.

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Now a days, Industries are more equipped with automatic system. Fire monitoring is one of the applications where continuous monitoring of temperature and humidity is essential to detect the fire in the industry. Fire detection is very much necessary to protect both the industry and to conserve environment and livelihood of human. This paper presents an algorithm to detect the fire in the industry based on ZigBee and GPRS wireless sensor network which provides low cost, low maintenance and good quality service when compared with the traditional method. The hardware circuitry of proposed solution is based on microcontroller, temperature sensor along with ZigBee and GPRS modules.

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Chen, Zhi Gang, Xin Rong Zhong, Xiang Jiao Lian, and Ju Fen Niu. "Leakage Detection in Pipelines Based on Bragg Fiber Technique." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 929–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.929.

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In order to further improve monitoring safety of oil and gas pipelines, a leakage detection technology for natural gas pipelines with distributed Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is put forward. Optical fiber, set up along pipelines acting as FBG sensors, is used to acquire pressure and vibration signals created by some events such as leakage, mechanical disturbance. Through grating matching and automatic distinguish technique leakage can be detected and located. Moreover, independent component analysis (ICA) technique is studied and used to separate useful signal from noise. Theory analysis and experiments showed this method has good capacity to detect and locate leakage effectively in pipelines.

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Gong, Shao Run, Yue Jin Wang, Guang Ping Zhang, Guo Ping Zhan, Bing Zou, Li Li, and Tao Liu. "Design and Experiment of Fumigant Gas Trace Detection System Based on Photoionization." Advanced Materials Research 1037 (October 2014): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1037.129.

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To meet the requirements, based on the provision of Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ), of gas leakage monitoring inside dosing room of fumigant warehouse at the inspection and quarantine port, a fumigant gas trace detection system (FGTDS) based on photoionization detector (PID) is developed. The principle, structure and characteristic of the system design are especially demonstrated. The test data under different temperature, relative humidity (RH) and methyl bromide concentration demonstrate that the FGTDS based on PID can measure methyl bromide under very low concentration. A conclusion can be drawn that the requirements of gas leakage monitoring inside dosing room of fumigation warehouse at the inspection and quarantine port can be met through further proper design.

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Affanali A. Sayyad and Roshani R. Chavhan, Prof Gaffar G. Momin, Aakanksha P. Purkar. "A Review on Vehicle Health Monitoring System." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 06, no. 09 (October 29, 2020): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst060906.

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Vehicles need repair after a certain interval of time and if are not repaired at fixed intervals it can lead to accidents. The objective of the project is to continuously notify the owner about the air pressure of tire, quality of exhaust gas, wear of breaks, leakage of oil, the excessive heating of the engine or the blockage in fuel pipe, etc. Tire pressure monitoring sensor is used to get live tire pressure reading, gas sensor gives the readings of amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) etc. as amount and quality of exhaust gives the proper working condition of engine, flow sensor is used that senses the over flow of oil or leakage of oil, temperature sensor is employed in the engine that warns the owner about overheating of engine and a flow sensor is used that senses the proper flow of fuel in the pipe. All these sensor data is displayed on LCD display unit integrated with Arduino microcontroller.

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Yang, Lung Jieh. "Gas Permeation in Polydimethylsiloxane In Situ Monitoring by Silicon Pressure Sensors." Advanced Materials Research 74 (June 2009): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.74.113.

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This paper proposes a new way to detect the gas-leakage through PDMS. We use PDMS instead of Pyrex #7740 glass to seal the backside V-grooves of silicon pressure sensors. We put the packaged sensor into a pressurized chamber with CO2 at 300 psi. By observing the output voltage of the pressure sensor, the time history for CO2 permeating into the sensor cavity was easily found. In experiments, we use several PDMS membranes with different thickness, from 45 to 2000 μm, to package the pressure sensors and investigate the gas-leakage of PDMS. The gas leaking through PDMS is shown to be governed by diffusion mechanism, and the diffusion coefficients derived from CO2 leaking history is 2.2×10-9 m2/sec, matched with the previous work.

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Yang, Changbing, Katherine Romanak, Susan Hovorka, Robert M. Holt, Jeff Lindner, and Ramon Trevino. "Near-Surface Monitoring of Large-Volume CO2 Injection at Cranfield: Early Field Test of SECARB Phase III." SPE Journal 18, no. 03 (January 30, 2013): 486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/163075-pa.

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Summary An early field project of the Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (SECARB) was conducted in Cranfield oil field, western Mississippi. Carbon dioxide (CO2) was injected into coarse-grained fluvial deposits of the Cretaceous lower Tuscaloosa formation, forming a gentle anticline at depths of 3300 m. CO2 injection started in July 2008, increasing to 23 wells (as of May 2011), with total injection rates greater than 1 million tons/yr. Focused monitoring programs of the deep subsurface and near surface have been implemented in different study areas. Here we present results of the near-surface monitoring program over a 3-year period, including shallow groundwater monitoring and soil-gas monitoring. A general methodology of detecting CO2 leakage into shallow groundwater chemistry is proposed. A set of geochemical indicator parameters was identified on the basis of the characterization of groundwater geochemistry, and these were further tested and validated using numerical modeling approaches, laboratory experiments, and field experiments. For soil-gas monitoring, a site (P-site) containing a plugged and abandoned well, a nearby open pit, and an engineered pad (representing a typical industrial near-surface environment for soil-gas monitoring) was selected for detailed study. The site was heavily instrumented with various sensors for measuring soil-gas concentrations at different depths, soil-water content, matric potential, and weather information. Three monitoring technologies were assessed: soil CO2 concentration measurements, CO2 flux measurements on the land surface, and multiple soil-gas component measurements. Results indicate that soil-gas-component measurements provide reliable information for gas-leakage detection. Methodologies of near-surface monitoring developed in this study can be used to improve CO2-leakage monitoring at other CO2 sequestration projects. This early field project was funded by the US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, as part of the Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSP) program. SECARB is led by the Southern States Energy Board (SSEB).

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Jiao, Jiao Na, and Jian Jun Yu. "The Research on Leak Detection System of City Gas Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 3067–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.3067.

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Researches on leak detection system of gas network are significant to fault pipelines diagnosis. In the daily operation of city gas pipeline network, pipeline leakage is the most risky failure type. This paper attempts to review and analyze the existing gas network leak detection systems, meanwhile, design a new kind of leak detection system for daily monitoring and leakage detection of gas network. The greatest advantage of this system is to be able to do all kinds of leak experimental research, especially has great reference value for the leak detection task in colleges and universities.

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You, Kun, Yu Jun Zhang, Li Ming Wang, Hong Bin Li, and Ying He. "Improving the Stability of Tunable Diode Laser Sensor for Natural Gas Leakage Monitoring." Advanced Materials Research 760-762 (September 2013): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.760-762.84.

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Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) is a method of using a tunable diode laser scanning one of absorption lines of trace gas, this technique has advantage of high sensitivity, fast response, multi-component and non-contact measurement. We had already developed a TDLAS sensor for monitoring natural gas leakage during the natural gas production and the process of gathering and transportation in the natural gas station, but in the practical application we found that the TDLAS sensor was influenced by visibility changes. In order to overcome this interference and improve sensor stability, we present an automatic control circuit to process photoelectric signal for eliminating interference of visibility changes. Long-term monitoring results show that the concentration of CH4 are regular and stable during the natural gas production and transmission, therefore the application of the automatic gain circuit improved the stability of the TDLAS sensor.

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Zhang, Zewei, Longfei Hou, Mengqi Yuan, Ming Fu, Xinming Qian, Weike Duanmu, and Yuanzhi Li. "Optimization monitoring distribution method for gas pipeline leakage detection in underground spaces." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 104 (October 2020): 103545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103545.

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Yang, Changbing, Katherine D. Romanak, Robert C. Reedy, Susan D. Hovorka, and Ramon H. Trevino. "Soil gas dynamics monitoring at a CO2-EOR site for leakage detection." Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources 3, no. 3 (February 15, 2017): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40948-017-0053-7.

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Sudiardana, I. wayan, and Widodo . "DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AIR MONITORING AND QUALITY CONTROL DEVICE USING ARDUINO UNO." BEST : Journal of Applied Electrical, Science, & Technology 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/best.vol1.no1.1997.

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LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas) has been used in everyday life. But if there is leakage it will cause poisoning and explosion. Underlying this, the authors made research on monitoring and control of air quality. The purpose of this study is to make a device that can detect earlier leakage of LPG. This device can detect excess levels of carbon monoxide in the air. Even more, it can avoid the danger of fire and poisoning. The research method used descriptive analysis method and quantitative analysis method. Measurements and testing with accurate reference measuring instruments. Based on testing and analysis, the device can work well with an average percentage error of 1.92% for CO gasmeasurement and 3.1% for LPG gas measurement. Increasing gas content in each sensor is proportional of increasing in the sensor output voltage. Some of the factors that cause errors were the differences of sensor sensitivity and environmental conditions where the sample measured.

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Klusman, Ronald W. "Surface geochemical measurements applied to monitoring, verification, and accounting of leakage from sequestration projects." Interpretation 3, no. 2 (May 1, 2015): SM1—SM21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2014-0093.1.

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A detailed study of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] surface fluxes, shallow soil gas composition, 10-m hole soil gas composition was made at Rangely, Colorado, Teapot Dome, Wyoming, USA, and the results of geochemical verification measurements at Weyburn, Saskatchewan, Canada. Summer and winter soil gas and gas flux measurements were made at Rangely, and winter only at Teapot Dome. The objectives were to determine if leakage of [Formula: see text] and/or [Formula: see text] could be detected in the overpressured Rangely and the underpressured Teapot Dome systems. At Weyburn, the objective was the determination of the presence or absence of an alleged leak. Seasonal surface [Formula: see text] fluxes at Rangely were similar at on-field locations and an off-field control area. Methane fluxes were much higher at on-field locations than in the control area, suggesting a reservoir source. Seasonal differences in [Formula: see text] fluxes suggested methanotrophic oxidation was occurring in the soils. Shallow soil gas concentration measurements of [Formula: see text] were similar at a 100-cm depth, on-field and in the control area. Methane soil gas concentrations were higher on-field than in the control area; summer and winter. These data were used to select locations with and without evidence for seepage allowing nested sampling up to a 10-m depth. More complex chemical and isotopic measurements were made in 10-m holes at Rangely and Teapot Dome. Methanotrophy was operational at the active Rangely and the passive Teapot Dome systems. A small methane leakage rate of 400–700 tonnes [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] tonnes [Formula: see text] were determined at Rangely, and rates near zero at Teapot Dome. Inert gases, carbon-containing gases, as well as isotopic ratios supported the presence of pathways at geochemically anomalous locations at Teapot Dome. Measurements of soil gas and inert gas isotopes in shallow groundwater by other authors at Weyburn, Saskatchewan, found no evidence of leakage.

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Binti Sarnin, Suzi Seroja, Divine Senanu Ametefe, Nani Fadzlina Naim, Wan Norsyafizan Wan Mohamad, Norlela Ishak, Norfishah Ab Wahab, and Norsuzila Ya’acob. "Liquefied petroleum gas monitoring and leakage detection system using nodemcu ESP8266 and wi-fi technology." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i1.pp166-174.

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Liquefied Petroleum Gas which is popularly known as LPG is a clean source of energy which is highly flammable and usually compressed into storage tanks. Due to the flammable nature of LPG it can easily lead to uncontrollable explosions in the presence of any ignition action or may lead to complete depletion of oxygen in a particular area. This study is focused on the fabrication of a system that would detect, monitor and control LPG gas leakages for domestic gas cylinders. A MQ-2 gas sensor was used for the detection of LPG gas leakages, the monitoring aspect was satisfied locally through notifications triggered by LEDs, piezo buzzer and remotely through the use of an application known as Blynk. The control aspect was implemented with the use of a stepper motor which turns off gas cylinder regulators whenever gas concentrations are high. All operations are primary hinged on the NodeMCU ESP8266 controller and Wi-Fi communication technology.

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Doshi, Aayush. "Iot based Fire and Gas monitoring System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 31, 2021): 3110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37026.

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In infrastructure and industrial plants the rapid growth is creating environmental issues like pollution, climate change and malfunctioning. It has a great consequence for the requirement of an operationally adaptable, efficient, cheap and smart monitoring systems. For this purpose we come up with idea to use these kind of technology i.e the Internet of Things (IoT) in form of a solution. In this paper, we suggest wireless data gathering frameworks that enable each detector node to track the changes in the behavioural pattern of gases and to identify their role in gas leakage problem, whilst at the same time trying to minimize power consumption. In the proposed device, the temperature detector (DHT 11) the gas detector (MQ2,MQ7 and MQ135) and also humidity sensors are used to determine the environment and the undesirable gas within the manufacturing plant, gauged details can be connected to the web. In addition, our research findings demonstrated substantial energy efficiency and high-precision data analysis relative to conventional protection device strategies. For monitoring the fluctuation of parameters like air pollution levels from their normal levels in this case the sensing devices are connected to the embedded computing system.

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Mallik, Avijit, Sharif Ahmed, G. M. M. Hossain, and M. R. Rahman. "IoT Utilized Gas-Leakage Monitoring System with Adaptive Controls Applicable to Dual Fuel Powered Naval Vessels/Ships: Development & Implementation." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 138–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cait-2020-0010.

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AbstractLeakage of Liquefied Petroleum Gas and Liquified Natural Gas (LPG/LNG) produces hazardous and toxic impact on humans and other living creatures. The authors developed a system to monitor and control the gas leakage concentration. MQ-6 gas sensor is used for sensing the level of gas concentration in a closed volume. To monitor the consequences of environmental changes an IoT platform hosted by “Thingspeak” platform has been introduced. Both robust and cloud-forwarded controls have been applied to prevent uncontrolled leakage of those gases and auto-ignition. This type of system can be directly applied to the engine chamber/ fuel chamber of the modern marine vessels using dual fuel power cycle with LPG/LNG as secondary fuel-flamer. The results from the experiments clearly indicate satisfactory actuation speed and accuracy. The trials performed by the authors showed about 99% efficiency of signal transmission and actuation.

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Koukouzas, N., P. Lymperopoulos, and A. Tasianas. "SAFETY ISSUES WHEN MONITORING CO2 STORAGE IN THE PRINOS AREA, GREECE." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 50, no. 4 (July 28, 2017): 2304. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.14296.

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Geological storage of CO2 in geological structures in the subsurface can mitigate global warming. A safe storage of CO2 can be ensured through the development of comprehensive monitoring programs that prevent any possible leakage of CO2. This paper presents various monitoring strategies of CO2 subsurface movement in the Prinos reservoir, northern Greece, the results of a simulation of a CO2 leak through a well, and an environmental risk assessment study related to the leakage of CO2 or oil from the seafloor. After only 13.7 years, from the beginning of injection, the CO2 leak reaches the seabed in the form of gas. For the assessment we set up a model, using ArcGIS software, based on the use of data regarding the speeds of the winds and currents encountered in the region. Assumptions were also made related to the flow rate of CO2. Modeling results show that it only takes a period of 10 days from the start of oil leakage until the “Natura” protected areas start to be affected. CO2 leakage modelling results show CO2 to be initially flowing along a preferential flow direction, which is towards NE. However, 5 days after the start of leakage of CO2, it is also flowing towards ENE. The consequences of a potential CO2 leak are considered spatially limited and the ecosystem is capable of recovering by itself.

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González, Ernesto, Juan Casanova-Chafer, Alfonso Romero, Xavier Vilanova, Jan Mitrovics, and Eduard Llobet. "LoRa Sensor Network Development for Air Quality Monitoring or Detecting Gas Leakage Events." Sensors 20, no. 21 (October 31, 2020): 6225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216225.

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During the few last years, indoor and outdoor Air Quality Monitoring (AQM) has gained a lot of interest among the scientific community due to its direct relation with human health. The Internet of Things (IoT) and, especially, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have given rise to the development of wireless AQM portable systems. This paper presents the development of a LoRa (short for long-range) based sensor network for AQM and gas leakage events detection. The combination of both a commercial gas sensor and a resistance measurement channel for graphene chemoresistive sensors allows both the calculation of an Air Quality Index based on the concentration of reducing species such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and CO, and it also makes possible the detection of NO2, which is an important air pollutant. The graphene sensor tested with the LoRa nodes developed allows the detection of NO2 pollution in just 5 min as well as enables monitoring sudden changes in the background level of this pollutant in the atmosphere. The capability of the system of detecting both reducing and oxidizing pollutant agents, alongside its low-cost, low-power, and real-time monitoring features, makes this a solution suitable to be used in wireless AQM and early warning systems.

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Liu, Chunrui, Fujie Deng, Lei Shi, and Feng Wang. "Sulfur Hexafluoride Gas Leakage Monitoring and Early-Warning Method for Electrical Power Facilities." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 128991–9001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3009229.

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Wang, Yong Qing, Shun Wan, Ying Chang Zhou, and Hong Guo Yang. "Research on Technology of Gas Pipeline Leakage Detection Based on Infrasonic Wave." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 1106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.1106.

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In the field of natural gas pipeline leak detection, based on infrasonic wave method of gas pipeline leak detection technology gradually be taken seriously. This paper introduces the basic features of pipeline leak signals and basic principles of infrasonic wave leak detection technology. It analyzes the key factors, which affect accurate positioning. According to the characteristics of leak signal and performance requirements of leakage monitoring system, the infrasonic wave speed algorithm in gas pipeline is modified. Using correlation analysis and wavelet transform method on the leakage signals, the dynamic response time diversity between sensors installed in first and last stop will be more precise. As a result, it improves the positioning precision of leak detection effectively.

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Blomberg, Ann E. A., Ivar-Kristian Waarum, Christian Totland, and Espen Eek. "Marine Monitoring for Offshore Geological Carbon Storage—A Review of Strategies, Technologies and Trends." Geosciences 11, no. 9 (September 11, 2021): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11090383.

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Carbon capture and storage (CCS) could significantly contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reaching international climate goals. In this process, CO2 is captured and injected into geological formations for permanent storage. The injected plume and its migration within the reservoir is carefully monitored, using geophysical methods. While it is considered unlikely that the injected CO2 should escape the reservoir and reach the marine environment, marine monitoring is required to verify that there are no indications of leakage, and to detect and quantify leakage if it should occur. Marine monitoring is challenging because of the considerable area to be covered, the limited spatial and temporal extent of a potential leakage event, and the considerable natural variability in the marine environment. In this review, we summarize marine monitoring strategies developed to ensure adequate monitoring of the marine environment without introducing prohibitive costs. We also provide an overview of the many different technologies applicable to different aspects of marine monitoring of geologically stored carbon. Finally, we identify remaining knowledge gaps and indicate expected directions for future research.

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Benyeogor, Mbadiwe Samuel, Adeboye Olatunbosun, and Sushant Kumar. "Airborne System for Pipeline Surveillance Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 2 (February 14, 2020): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.2.1761.

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Our work involves the development of a quadcopter Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) system with remote sensors onboard for monitoring oil and gas pipelines. Two Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) sensors were used for LPG gas leakage detection. The Multiwii software is used to control, track and simulate the 3D motion of the UAV in flight. Using this device, experimental data from field tests were analyzed with MATLAB. Results reveal that the developed system has performed as expected. Thus, our device can be used to enhance asset monitoring and operational safety in the oil industry.

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Jin, Kyoung-Min, Gyu-Hong Choi, Song-Kyu Lee, Tae-Yong Chung, Dong-Hoon Shin, Seung-Sik Hwang, and Jeong-Seok Oh. "An Experimental Study on Detection of Gas Leakage Position by Monitoring Pressure Values at City Gas Pipeline." Journal of Energy Engineering 20, no. 4 (December 31, 2011): 292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5855/energy.2011.20.4.292.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Monitoring of gas leakage'

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