Relevant bibliographies by topics / Monitoring handling equipment

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Monitoring handling equipment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Monitoring handling equipment"

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Sun, Cheng Shuang, and Qian Che. "BIM-Based Real-Time Monitoring of the Equipment Maintenance of Property." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 2217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.2217.

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The operation phase is not only the longest stage of the life cycle of a project, but also the moment when people accumulates most information of the project. Because of the secular and complexity of property management during the operation period, and as there is large amount of information loss during the several periods before operation, it is very difficult to manage equipments all through the way. Based on the BIM technology, authors build a database of the equipment operation parameters to solve this problem. This paper realizes the real-time monitoring of the update of equipment information, equipment maintenance and fault handling during the operation stage. The research puts forward a new way to improve the standards of property management which will lead to a better economic benefits.
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Liu, Jing, Hai Peng Ji, and Qing Xiang Zhu. "One Method to Determine the Optimal Maintenance Time Based on Selective Attrition." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 2578–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.2578.

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In the process of equipment fault evolution, equipment's attrition probability is different, namely selective attrition may be produced. This paper describes one method based on selective attrition, which achieves the aim of forecasting its optimal maintenance time by analyzing and handling the data of monitoring equipment. There are mainly two steps: first, get each part’s probability value of selective attrition under the current condition in use of association rule algorithm, then take the obtained probability value as the input, and get the optimal maintenance time through neural networks modeling. This method employs the real-time and dynamic decision-making method and adjusts the optimal maintenance time in real time according to the information in the equipment’s operating process, making it more conform to the actual condition. The feasibility of this method is showed by a simulation example.
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Plat, Sylvie, Isabelle Hilaire, Elisabeth Vuillemin, and Maryse Lafaye. "Patient Preparation and Monitoring for Carotid Stenting: The Operating Room Nurse's Perspective." Journal of Endovascular Therapy 3, no. 2 (May 1996): 224–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152660289600300214.

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Endovascular procedures should be performed by a trained surgical staff in a surgical suite equipped with a high-resolution fluoroscopic unit. The operating room nurse must be skilled in the handling and preparation of specialized instruments and equipment necessary for carotid angioplasty procedures. Patient preparation and postprocedural wound care techniques are particular to the cervical approach for carotid angioplasty; the operating room nurse should be well trained in these areas in order to provide optimum assistance during the procedure.
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Tao, Yu-Jwo, Hsuan-Shih Lee, and Chang-Shu Tu. "Analytic Hierarchy Process-Based Airport Ground Handling Equipment Purchase Decision Model." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 2540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052540.

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The Airport ground handling services (AGHS) equipment supplier provider selection requires a safety guarantee in terms of the daily operations AGHS provider. AGHS providers seek to avoid aircraft damage and airline delays and ensure the provision of reliable and high-quality services. The primary objective of this paper was to develop purchasing decision model of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), AHP-fuzzy linear programming (FLP), and AHP-Taguchi loss function (TLF) multi-choice goal programming (MCGP) purchase decision models to help the AGHS purchasing managers in selecting the best AGHS equipment supplier provider. The constructed models were assessed, and results obtained for the AHP-FLP and AHP-TLF-MCGP models were compared. We conducted a real-world example of supplier selection by an AGHS company by using the proposed models. The proposed model provides useful information and has practical value for AGHS providers.
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Jones, Suzanne F. "Practical Issues in Handling Biotechnology Products." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 11, no. 1 (February 1998): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089719009801100108.

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The unique nature of biotechnology products requires specific additional education and training for pharmacists. To understand how these products were developed and their mechanism of action, expanded knowledge in molecular biology, immunology, genetics, and the techniques of biotechnology is essential. Since these products are often used for disease states that were not previously treated with drug therapy, a basic understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease being treated is essential. Many biotechnology products are administered parenterally, and pharmacists must be familiar with these methods of administration to provide proper equipment, guidance, and counseling for patients. Stability and compatibility issues frequently arise with biotechnology products as many require refrigeration, special diluents, and are susceptible to compatibility problems. Because these products are often used in chronic disease settings and because patients may be expected to self-administer using a parenteral route, drug therapy monitoring and patient education needs are often substantial. The patient education role, in particular, may be the most important responsibility for pharmacists providing care to patients undergoing treatment with biotechnology products.
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Lynggaard-Jensen, A., P. Balslev, and M. K. Nielsen. "Data-Handling and Management of Preventive Measures Using a Dynamic Integrated Monitoring System." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 9 (May 1, 1994): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0435.

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The concept and procedures of a data-handling system, which can be described as a “Dynamic Integrated Monitoring System” are presented together with examples which can be produced by such a system. The monitoring is based on on-line measurements, laboratory analyses on different types of samples, information on raw materials and products as well as the production equipment/facilities used. The data-aquisition (online and off-line) is controlled by a management system, which secures the coordination, fastest updating and follow up of the key element in the system – the data. In order to turn the data into useful information, the former is continuously processed, validated and stored, while simultaneously quantitative information and operation indexes are calculated. Through application procedures, this basic information is now used for several different tasks such as alarms, statistics, emission control and prognosis, waste minimization and long term general environmental management.
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Ribeiro, Gabriella da Silva Rangel, Rafael Celestino da Silva, Márcia de Assunção Ferreira, Grazielle Rezende da Silva, Juliana Faria Campos, and Bianca Ribeiro Porto de Andrade. "Equipment failure: conducts of nurses and implications for patient safety." Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 71, no. 4 (August 2018): 1832–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0547.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify equipment failures during handling by nurses and analyze the conduct of the professionals when these failures occur. Methods: Descriptive, exploratory and qualitative study, whose field was the intensive care unit of a public institution, and the participants were day nurses that worked providing direct care to patients. Data were produced in 2014 through systematic observation and interviews and were examined with thick description and content analysis. Results: The outcomes evinced the inadequate functioning of infusion bombs, users' errors related to the design of equipment and problems with batteries of artificial fans. These failures related to the management of equipment in the unit. Final considerations: It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring systems of safety conditions of equipment in intensive nursing care to prevent incidents.
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González, Isaías, Antonio José Calderón, and José María Portalo. "Innovative Multi-Layered Architecture for Heterogeneous Automation and Monitoring Systems: Application Case of a Photovoltaic Smart Microgrid." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 19, 2021): 2234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042234.

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Intelligent energy facilities, e.g., smart grids and microgrids are the evolution of traditional energy grids through digital transformation. These modern paradigms are expected to foster the utilization of renewable energies, sustainable development, and resilience of the power grid. A barrier found when deploying experimental smart grids and microgrids consists of handling the heterogeneity of the required hardware and software components as well as the available commercial equipment. Despite the fact that there is various architecture proposed in previous literature, it commonly lacks experimental validation, specification of involved equipment concerning industrial/proprietary or open-source nature, and concretization of communication protocols. To overcome such drawbacks, this paper proposes an innovative multi-layered architecture to deploy heterogeneous automation and monitoring systems for microgrids. The architecture is structured into six functional layers to organize the hardware and software equipment in an integrated manner. The open protocol Modbus TCP is chosen to harmonize communications, enabling the interconnection of equipment from industrial and energy scopes, indeed of open-source nature. An experimental photovoltaic-based smart microgrid is reported as the application case to demonstrate the suitability and validity of the proposal.
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Goyette, Bernard, Marlène Piché, Michael Brownbridge, and Darby McGrath. "Impact of Handling Practices on the Quality of Bare-Root Plants: A Review." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 32, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898.32.2.103.

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There is a need to develop methods that would allow plant health and survival potential to be quantified in real time, particularly in the different phases of bare-root handling. Such methods would allow the impact of different stresses experienced throughout storage and transport on establishment success and growth of the bare-root plant to be quantitatively defined. This review concentrates on the impact of pre-lifting, pre-transplanting and post-transplanting considerations and identifies tools that can be applied for monitoring plant quality. Root and shoot culturing, lifting and transplanting timing, water stress and storage/transport handling are all significant factors in the post-transplant performance of bare-root material. Different postharvest tools and indicators are also examined for their efficacy and contribution to plant quality. Chlorophyll fluorescence and root respiration are useful as indicators of water stress and dormancy; however, more practical equipment should be developed in both instances for greater adoption of these practices. Hydrophilic gel slurries can be used either during storage and immediately prior to transplant as an additional prevention of desiccation but will not restore vigor to damaged plants. Cold storage at optimum temperature should be adapted to maintain the target relative humidity; otherwise the storage period should not exceed 4 weeks for unprotected bare-root plants. Many improvements have been made in the ability to predict the effects of stresses experienced by bare-root material. However, more equipment, metrics, species and site specific research would enhance monitoring of bare-root quality.
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Shen, Peng, and Tu. "Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques for Solving the Airport Ground Handling Service Equipment Vendor Selection Problem." Sustainability 11, no. 12 (June 24, 2019): 3466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11123466.

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Appropriate airport ground handling service (AGHS) equipment vendor selection (AGHSEVS) can prevent aircraft damage and delays in airlines schedules, and ensure reliable and high-quality ground handling service. Previous research has seldom integrated multi-criteria decision-making techniques with goal programming to solve the AGHSEVS problem. This paper describes a new system evaluation model for AGHSEVS by considering both qualitative and quantitative methods. We compare the fuzzy TOPSIS method based on fuzzy weighted average left and right score methods with multi-choice and multi-aspiration goal programming approach of an AGHS company in Taiwan. These study results can help airport ground handling service company managers make optimal decisions for AGHSEVS problems. We hope the practicability of the comparable model with slight modifications of real situation data can be used in other AGHS companies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Monitoring handling equipment"

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Fikar, Vratislav. "Sledování provozních údajů manipulační techniky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442351.

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Master’s thesis deals with the design of monitoring of handling equipment. Measured quantities are the switched-on state of the forklift, the time of active use, monitoring of transported material, and the total traveled distance. For each quantity, several possible sensing methods are outlined followed by a summary of the pros and cons of each method, which served as the basis for selecting the most suitable sensor for sensing the required information. The theoretical part of the thesis outlines the proposals in terms of both theoretical aspects as well as the implementation of the sensors along with proposals for possible mounting on a forklift. The proposed application was built on top of the Workmonitor RKC2.0 development kit, which was first developed for injection molding machine monitoring equipment. The proposed solution further expands the Workmonitor RKC2.0 software with additional features, such as forklift data collection, data processing, and streaming of collected data via WiFi to a local server. The final part then describes the mounting of sensors in the forklift, the final software changes, and the presentation of the collected data.
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Books on the topic "Monitoring handling equipment"

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Smith, Rebecca. Anthrax. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0062.

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Anthrax spores are found in the soil in many parts of the world and usually cause disease in grazing animals. Human disease is typically seen in farmers, ranchers, and workers handling animal carcasses, hides, hair, and bones. In biologic warfare or terrorism, aerosolization of the spores has been considered as an effective route of mass dissemination. Clinical presentation depends on the route of exposure: cutaneous, ingestion, inhalation (or Woolsorter’s disease). Personal protective equipment and patient decontamination are important before addressing a potential exposure. Mass casualty incidents will likely cause a strain on resources and appropriate triage will be crucial. Cardiopulmonary monitoring may not be available for all patients and should be reserved for patients with a high suspicion for inhalational anthrax. The duration of antibiotic therapy for all suspected bioterrorism attacks is 60 days in order to adequately cover for possible delayed development of inhalational anthrax.
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Book chapters on the topic "Monitoring handling equipment"

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Aneja, Satinder, Anupam Sachdeva, AP Dubey, Shyam Kukreja, Ajay Gambhir, and Krishna Chugh. "Handling of Monitoring Equipment in PICU." In Nursing in Pediatric Intensive Care, 43. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12469_10.

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Thirumal, Jaganthan, Usha Kingsly Devi, and Dynisha S. "IoT for Waste Management." In Handbook of Research on Implementation and Deployment of IoT Projects in Smart Cities, 265–78. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9199-3.ch016.

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Smart cities incorporate information and communication technology to enhance the quality and performance of urban services. The element of smart cities includes physical infrastructure and IoT technology, which gives a framework, methodology, technology, and management solution and efficient waste handling and reduction with the assistance of software analysis tools. It provides effective environmental resource flow integration. IoT system provides a digital access to waste management. This system uses online smart monitor sensors that monitor the performance of water supply and effluent handling system utilizing a cloud-based platform. This enhances real-time planned performance and increases life-cycle equipment. This technique enhances the synergistic use of resources due to climate mitigation and adaptation for sustainable growth and this technology also uses air quality sensors across the city to collect open data platform for monitoring and reducing primary and secondary pollutants and systematically instruct the pollutant-causing sources to maintain ambient air quality.
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Gola, Giulio, and Bent H. Nystad. "Prognostics and Health Management of Choke Valves Subject to Erosion." In Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems, 313–31. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2095-7.ch016.

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Oil and gas industries are constantly aiming at improving the efficiency of their operations. In this respect, focus is on the development of technology, methods, and work processes related to equipment condition and performance monitoring in order to achieve the highest standards in terms of safety and productivity. To this aim, a key issue is represented by maintenance optimization of critical structures, systems, and components. A way towards this goal is offered by Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) strategies. CBM aims at regulating maintenance scheduling based on data analyses and system condition monitoring and bears the potential advantage of obtaining relevant cost savings and improved operational safety and availability. A critical aspect of CBM is its integration with condition monitoring technologies for handling a wide range of information sources and eventually making optimal decisions on when and what to repair. In this chapter, a CBM case study concerning choke valves utilized in Norwegian offshore oil and gas platforms is proposed and investigated. The objective is to define a procedure for optimizing maintenance of choke valves by on-line monitoring their condition and determining their Remaining Useful Life (RUL). Choke valves undergo erosion caused by sand grains transported by the oil-water-gas mixture extracted from the well. Erosion is a critical problem which can affect the correct valve functioning, resulting in revenue losses and cause environmental hazards.
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Conference papers on the topic "Monitoring handling equipment"

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Jones, G. R., J. Cosgrave, P. C. Russell, D. Messent, J. W. Spencer, J. E. Humphries, and T. Singh. "The chromatic approach to the intelligent monitoring of HV equipment using arrays of optical fibre sensors." In IEE Colloquium on HV Measurement, Condition Monitoring and Associated Database Handling Strategies. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980721.

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Wurzbach, Richard N. "The roles of vibration analysis and infrared thermography in monitoring air-handling equipment." In AeroSense 2003, edited by K. Elliott Cramer and Xavier P. Maldague. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.497472.

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Girbea, Alina, Francisc Sisak, and Liviu Perniu. "Design, implementation and monitoring of a screw order handling process using business process management tools." In 2010 12th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/optim.2010.5510565.

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Walker, Gavin J., Farbod Zorriassatine, Robert M. Parkin, Mike R. Jackson, and Joanne Coy. "The Smart Parcel Concept for Condition Monitoring of Materials Handling Machinery." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58287.

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Complex machinery which bears loads over large distances requires a large capital outlay to monitor condition at many points. Hand-held monitoring units necessitate knowledgeable operators and are of limited use when applications involve areas inaccessible during operation. This paper presents the idea of deploying a ‘smart parcel’ to navigate the process, reporting on performance. Equipment was mounted on a receptacle belonging to such a machine, and sound data was recorded for later analysis. Frequencies present were compared with component characteristic frequencies in order to ascertain robustness of method as compared to traditional installations. The presence of common information and also some that are not obtainable by other means has rendered the theory a viable proposal.
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Wang, Haitian, Ge Li, and Lei Cao. "Concept Design of Computer Monitoring System for ITER Transfer Cask System." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29086.

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The ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) is an international collaborative project, and its object is aiming at demonstrating the scientific and technological feasibility of fusion energy for peaceful purposes. In the ITER, the four important engineering challenges are the first wall of the blank model, the remote handling (RH), the heating of the plasma, and the superconducting technology. The RH control system is very complexity, and the total number of the control nodes is 15378, which consists of the control nodes in the Tokamak equipment, the hot cell equipment and the control room equipment. Only the number of the control nodes of the transfer cask system (TCS) is up to 2580. The TCS is one sub system of ITER RH system, which provides the means for the remote transfer of (clean/activated/contaminated) in-vessel components and remote handling equipment between hot cell facility and vacuum vessel through dedicated galleries and lift in the ITER buildings. Due to the experimental facility with a very long timeline, the control software on the ITER is better suited using an open source solution as compared to a commercial solution. According to market share and proven record, command control and data acquisition and communication (CODAC) group chooses the EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System) as the preferred solution. China takes part in the ITER, and wishes to grasp the RH technology, which is one of the four key technologies related to the future fusion reactors for electric power generation. According to the CODAC system configuration with EPICS component, the concept control architecture of the TCS is presented in this paper. The control system consists of the file network, the interlock network, the safety network, real-time network, RH control network and visual supervising network etc. Then, the paper analyses each part corresponding requirement function. As a result, a development service platform concept is set up. Finally, the experiment system of the leg of the TCS has been constructed.
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Maulidani, Oki, Christian Bonilla, Monica Paredes, Pedro Escalona, Jorge Villalobos, Luciano Bravo, Diego Estevez, et al. "Digitalization Creates the Big Picture of Integrated ESP Optimization in Shushufindi Field." In SPE Gulf Coast Section Electric Submersible Pumps Symposium. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204513-ms.

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Abstract Electrical submersible pump (ESP) is the main artificial lift system in Shushufindi field. These systems besides facing high gas production, high scale and corrosion tendencies, also have to deal with surface fluid handling and electrical power limitations which combined impose challenges to optimize the ESP system. In perspective, the digitalization initiative has been key to integrate data in order to have a big picture of the actual field condition and ultimately to enhance oil production. Various dashboards have been created using the business intelligence tool to provide real time information. ESP dashboard shows opportunities to optimize the ESP unit by integrating real time and manual entry data to optimize frequency, surface equipment, opportunities for pump upsizing, and re-designing the ESP downhole equipment. The result of this analysis is derived from ESP simulation, nodal analysis, chemical treatment monitoring and real time surveillance of the ESP parameters. Dashboards of water handling, electrical power, and chemical treatment are utilized to support process analysis providing current field status, with also the feedback from operational and engineering recommendations. Comprehensive real time monitoring resulted in average of 500 bopd less production deferment in the last 12 months as the result of early detection and a proper operational optimization (chemical treatment, gas flaring, and choke optimization) of the unstable wells. Strategic decisions have been executed to ensure the availability of water handling capacity and electrical power for each production station such as stimulating disposal wells, cleaning injection flowlines, and repairing power generations. Up to 3,000 bopd total incremental has been generated in the last 12 months as the result of 17 upsizing operations, optimizing frequency in 68 wells, and optimizing surface equipment in 35 wells. The associated mean time between failures (MTBF) of ESP system has increased over the time from 224 days in 2013 to 674 days in 2020. Digitalization is a game changer for optimizing the oilfield production and to reduce associated operation risks from features as of real time surveillance, EDGE computing, remote actuation, and big data intelligence. This paper will elaborate in detail on how digitalization can be valuable in optimizing ESP system with a successful case study in Shushufindi field.
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Gerling, Heather S. "Minimizing the Impacts of Pipeline Development on Native Prairie Ecosystems: A Public Land Manager’s Perspective." In 1998 2nd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc1998-2124.

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Native prairie is recognized in Alberta for its significant ecological, cultural and economic value. Much of the remaining prairie in Alberta is under public ownership and is managed for multiple uses and values. This paper illustrates how public land managers and industry cooperate to minimize disturbance to this valuable resource. The emphasis at the planning stage is proper inventory and identification of sensitive landscape, plant and animal features on proposed alignments, followed by appropriate realignment or mitigative action. At the pre-construction phase, environmental training of staff has raised awareness about the value of the prairie resource. During construction, the implementation of traffic control plans, shut down criteria and innovative soil handling techniques have reduced the overall impact of activities. Use of special equipment, erosion control techniques and revegetation strategies during reclamation can enhance the recovery of prairie disturbances. Proper monitoring is an important component of successful reclamation, and can lead to modifications of methods and equipment that give better future protection to this valuable landscape.
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Lee, Qi Zheng, Wei Jian Yeap, Sulaiman Sidek, Hazrina Abdul Rahman, Sarran Raj Kunasekaran, Jonathan Ambrose, Alex Mackie, and Dailami Malek. "Unlocking the True Value of Permanent Acoustic Sensors via Integration in a Digital Field as a Proactive Method of Sand Monitoring in Gas Wells." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21851-ms.

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Abstract Sand production is one of the operators’ intimidating challenges as the cascading effects can cause significant damages to the surface equipment and often lead to costly clean-up effort. Its effects are further amplified in gas wells with higher gas velocities lead to more detrimental effects on the facilities. Consequently, the facilities will deteriorate, leading to uncontrolled hydrocarbon release which compromise the operation safety considerably. Hence, sand detection devices such as acoustic sensors are extremely crucial to detect sand production as early as possible prior to any undesirable damage. This paper highlights the selection reasoning and advantages of permanent acoustic sensors as well as the method in maximizing the data value through integration with digital field monitoring. Various sand monitoring equipment are available in the industry and its selection is mainly driven by operators’ purpose with cost-benefit analysis. The multi-disciplinary team collaboratively decided on a holistic approach of utilizing the permanent acoustic sensors to its maximum potential. Integration of permanent acoustic sensors with digital field monitoring further improves the investment return as the sensors can provide real-time sand production data. Effective real time sand monitoring can be performed by both offshore and onshore crews where immediate countermeasure can be deployed if abnormal readings detected. When handling sand prone wells, proactive measures have been proven to be more effective if compared to reactive measures. Each well production potential can be maximized by installing sand sensors to ensure safe operating envelope without sand production as well as to trigger alarm if sand detected. The key to unlocking the potential is to ensure data is effectively transmitted to the command center and to the office via our digital field system. The operators are also trained on the next course of action such as beaning down the wells to safe operational envelope in case of sand breakthrough. The value of the acoustic sensors outweighs the total cost involved as real-time sand monitoring system helps to safeguard surface facility integrity considerably.
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Ilar, M., and M. Wittwer. "Numerical Generator Protection Offers New Benefits of Gas Turbines." In ASME 1992 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/92-gt-268.

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This article describes the benefits offered by a new type of numerical protection system, applied to gas turbine generators. World-wide more than 100 different generators with a total rating of about 6000 MW are equipped with this type of protection system. This protection system is completely independent of other power plant equipment, with its own DC power supplies, input isolating auxiliary current and voltage transformers and optocoupler or relay type binary input/output devices as well as serial communication links. The heart of the system is a multiprocessor high speed bus capable of handling the communication between the measuring inputs, the protection algorithm processor (s) and the output units. The system makes use of a large library of modular, pretested protective functions. Continuous self-monitoring enhances the availability of the complete protective system. Modern, well coordinated protection and turbine control systems offer new advantages to the user such as faster handling of emergency situations through the availability of more and better information together with the possibility of faster and more detailed fault analysis. In addition, a reduction in the time required for commissioning, e.g. for cables and instrument transformers, can be realized. This paper is presented to provide some understanding of the application of the protection system introduced here, in particular in connection with the ABB gas turbine generator unit type GT11N. Also introduced are the main components involved, such as numerical protective functions, self-monitoring of protection systems, and data exchange.
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Medved, Jan, and Ladislav Vargovcik. "Decommissioning of the A-1 NPP Long-Term Storage Facility." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16299.

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The paper deals with experience, techniques and new applied equipment durig undergoing decommissioning process of the A-1 NPP long-term pool storage and the follow-up decommissioning plan. For rad-waste disposal of the long-term pool storage (where most of the contaminants had remained following the removal of spent fuel) special equipment has been developed, designed, constructed and installed. The purpose of this equipment is the restorage, drainage and fragmentation of cartridges (used as a spent fuel case), as well as treatment of sludge (located at the pool bottom) and of the remaining liquid radwaste. The drainage equipment for cartridges is designed for discharging KCr2 solution from cartridges with spent fuel rods into the handling storage tank in the short-term storage facility and adjustment of the cartridges for railway transport, prior to the liquidation of the spent fuel rod. The equipment ensures full remote visual control of the process and exact monitoring of its technical parameters, including that of the internal nitrogen atmosphere concentration value. Cartridges without fuel and liquid filling are transferred to the equipment for their processing which includes fragmentation into smaller parts, decontamination, filling into drums with their sealed closing and measurement of radioactive dose. For the fragmentation, special shearing equipment is used which leaves the pipe fragment open for the following decontamination. For cleaning the cartridge bottom from radioactive sludge water jet system is used combined with slow speed milling used for preparing the opening for water jet nozzle. The sludge from the cartridge bottom is fixed into ceramic matrix. Nuclear Power Plant JE A-1 (since 1980 in decommissioning) is situated in the locality of Jaslovske´ Bohunice. So far the decommissioning of the Long-term storage was carried out within Stage I of A-1NPP decommissioning. This year the Stage I of decommissioning finished, and the performance of Stage II of decommissioning was started. Decommissioning of the long-term storage facility continues within Stage II of the A-1 NPP decommissioning process.
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